EP3257110B1 - Coupling for power cables - Google Patents

Coupling for power cables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3257110B1
EP3257110B1 EP16707652.0A EP16707652A EP3257110B1 EP 3257110 B1 EP3257110 B1 EP 3257110B1 EP 16707652 A EP16707652 A EP 16707652A EP 3257110 B1 EP3257110 B1 EP 3257110B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
groove
socket part
locking pin
plug part
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EP16707652.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3257110A1 (en
Inventor
Oliver Binzel
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TBI Industries GmbH
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TBI Industries GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/20—Pins, blades, or sockets shaped, or provided with separate member, to retain co-operating parts together
    • H01R13/213—Pins, blades, or sockets shaped, or provided with separate member, to retain co-operating parts together by bayonet connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/625—Casing or ring with bayonet engagement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
    • H01R4/30—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member
    • H01R4/302—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a screw or nut clamping member having means for preventing loosening of screw or nut, e.g. vibration-proof connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coupling for power cables according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Couplings of the type mentioned at the outset have coupling elements that are locked by means of a bayonet catch. Since both coupling elements, that is to say the plug part and the socket part, are made solid according to the prior art, a rigid connection results which only remains in the locked position due to frictional forces.
  • a bayonet mechanism In order to obtain the highest possible frictional force, a bayonet mechanism generates a normal force which presses the plug and socket together. A high normal force is also important in order to obtain a low-resistance electrical transition between the plug part and the socket part.
  • the described release process is caused in particular by mechanical vibrations, by heating of the plug connector that occurs during operation and the associated thermal expansion, or by a settling behavior of the contact surfaces.
  • the increased contact resistance will result in an even stronger and uneven heating of the components, which can further intensify the effect.
  • the heating can also damage the connectors, their insulation or the connected cables or machine parts.
  • U.S. 5,015,195 A discloses the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention is based on the object of reliably preventing the automatic loosening of the plug connection of the coupling and of producing the lowest possible and constant contact resistance.
  • the plug parts and socket parts should be compatible with the elements known today, so that parts from different manufacturers can be combined without any problems.
  • the coupling according to the invention has the features of claim 1.
  • the locking bolt is mounted displaceably in the plug part in the axial direction of the coupling bolt, the locking bolt being held in a basic position in the direction of a rear end of the coupling bolt by means of a spring device and, when the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part is being established, the locking bolt is positively locked is moved with the groove in the socket part in the direction of the front end of the coupling bolt and the spring device is tensioned to form a pretensioning force.
  • the solution according to the invention achieves that an elastic element is introduced into the system, so that a sufficiently high normal force between the plug part and the socket part is maintained in a large adjustment range of the bayonet lock.
  • the current transfer areas formed in particular by the end faces of the plug part and the socket part are not changed, so that they are formed directly on solid components, as in the prior art are.
  • the elasticity is implemented by a resiliently mounted locking bolt, which is designed so that it can be inserted into the guide groove of the bayonet lock in the unloaded position, and during the locking, the against each other
  • the plug part and socket part are twisted and tensioned against spring force.
  • a sharp decrease in the contact pressure between the two coupling halves due to only small changes to the system, for example as a result of minimal loosening, thermal expansion or settling between the contact surfaces, is reliably prevented by the invention.
  • the coupling according to the invention therefore has increased security against automatic loosening and is compatible with commercially available components.
  • the invention is a further development of known coupling elements for high-current connections, the transmitted currents usually being between approx. 20 and 600 A.
  • the elements are preferably single-pole and are used for the low-resistance connection of flexible copper cables with cross-sections of approx. 10-120 sqmm.
  • the plug part or the socket part can also be designed as a bulkhead design for installation in machines or control cabinets.
  • An essential advantage of the coupling according to the invention is that disruptive influences on the welding process due to loosening connections can be eliminated.
  • the improved plug connection between the plug part and the socket part can easily be retrofitted to existing systems and can also be combined with other components.
  • the coupling bolt of the plug part is provided with a central through-hole and a radial recess, in particular made by milling, a pull rod being guided in the central through-hole, which is provided with the radially arranged locking bolt at the front end is, wherein the locking bolt penetrates the radial recess and the spring device is arranged between the base body and the pull rod, in such a way that during the production of the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part, the locking bolt moves into the socket part and the pretensioning force is greater.
  • the coupling bolt can be axially movably mounted in the base body of the plug part, the coupling bolt being provided with a radially arranged locking bolt and the spring device being arranged between the base body and the coupling bolt, such that when the engagement connection is established between the plug part and the socket part, the coupling bolt is pulled out of the base body and the spring force is greater.
  • the spring device preferably has at least one disc spring.
  • a stop can be formed to limit the movement of the locking bolt.
  • the stop for the movement of the locking bolt is preferably defined by the end of the spring travel of the at least one plate spring.
  • the groove formed in the socket part has a groove segment parallel to the end face at its end facing away from the end face, in such a way that when the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part is made during the movement of the locking bolt in the area of the helical segment of the groove, there is initially a continuous increase in the Bias of the spring device and then the bias remains constant during the movement of the locking bolt in the area of the groove segment, a tangible locking connection can be implemented in a further advantageous embodiment, which offers additional protection against unintentional loosening.
  • the groove formed in the socket part can have at its end facing away from the end face a groove segment directed back towards the end face, such that during the production of the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part during the movement of the locking bolt in the area of the helical segment of the groove first a continuous increase in the preload of the spring device and then the preload is continuously reduced during the movement of the locking bolt in the region of the groove segment.
  • a plug part 1 of the coupling which, starting from an end face 27 of a base body 2, has a coupling bolt 3 with a through hole 13.
  • the coupling bolt 3 has a recess 14, preferably produced by milling, for receiving a locking bolt 4.
  • the locking bolt 4 is formed by a cranked end of a tension rod 15 received in the through-bore 13, the locking bolt 4 formed by the cranked end penetrating the recess 14 and protruding radially above the coupling bolt 3.
  • This protruding cranked end of the support 15 now forms the locking bolt 4 that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the plug part 1, the other end of the tension rod 15 being pretensioned against the base body 2 of the plug part 1 by means of a spring device 16, which in the present case has a plate spring 17.
  • the plate spring 17 is arranged between a bore shoulder of the through-hole 13 formed in the base body 2 and a nut 19 arranged on a threaded shoulder 20 of the tension rod 15.
  • disc springs as the spring element of the spring device 16 has proven to be particularly advantageous, since disc springs develop large spring forces with a small stroke and installation space. It is also particularly advantageous if the maximum spring travel of the locking bolt 4 is limited without further components, in that the plate spring is pressed flat and then forms a mechanically rigid stop. By appropriately tightening the coupling, the same high pressure forces can be achieved between the two coupling halves as in the case of rigid couplings corresponding to the prior art, which have a fixed locking bolt.
  • a socket part 7 which has a receiving bore 9 formed in a base body 8 for receiving desd coupling bolt 3 of plug part 1.
  • a groove 10 is formed which has different groove segments, namely a groove start segment 23, a helical segment 24 and a groove segment 25 and 26, respectively.
  • the coupling can be secured even better against unintentional loosening by combining groove segments with different inclines.
  • the beginning of the groove segment 23 extends from an end face 28 of the base body 8 axially parallel to the receiving bore 9.
  • the beginning of the groove segment 23 is used to loosely insert the coupling bolt 3 of the plug part 1 into the socket part 7. This is followed by the helical segment 24, which has a constant positive slope.
  • the locking bolt 4 is inserted into the groove start segment 23.
  • the locking bolt 4 of the connector part 1 follows the helical segment 24 of the groove 10, whereby the coupling parts are pulled together similarly to the locking of a bayonet lock, a surface contact is formed between the end faces 27, 28 and the Spring device 16 is tensioned.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the groove 10 is followed by a groove segment 25 with a zero pitch, ie the groove segment 25 runs parallel to the end face 28 of the base body.
  • the spring device 16 is no longer tensioned.
  • This force component is only counteracted by the frictional forces between the coupling parts, that is to say the plug part 1 and the socket part 7, so that the coupling can always be opened more easily, ie with less effort, than closed.
  • the arrangement of the groove segment 25 ensures that no more internal forces in the coupling act to open the connection, and also the necessary external force to The opening of the connection becomes higher because the supporting force due to the inclined plane between the locking bolt 4 and the helical segment 24 is omitted.
  • the socket part according to the invention can be designed so that compatibility with existing plug parts in a rigid design with a fixed locking bolt according to the prior art is maintained. This is achieved in that the helical segment is designed so that a rigidly installed locking bolt, which is geometrically designed in accordance with the IEC 60974-12 standard, cannot reach the following groove segment.
  • the groove segment 26 has a negative slope, so that the groove segment 26 is directed back to the end face 28.
  • the spring-loaded locking bolt 4 passes from the helical segment 24 with a positive slope into the groove segment 26 with a negative slope
  • the tightening torque This will suddenly decrease at the transition from the helical segment 24 to the groove segment 26, which is intuitively understood as the engagement of the coupling. The operator thus knows that the coupling is correctly locked.
  • an increasing torque must first be applied in order to overcome the transition point between the helical segment 24 and the groove segment 26 of the groove 10. Accidental loosening is therefore impossible.

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  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kupplung für Stromkabel gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a coupling for power cables according to the preamble of claim 1.

Kupplungen der eingangs genannten Art weisen Kupplungselemente auf, die mittels eines Bajonettverschlusses verriegelt werden. Da beide Kupplungselemente, also der Steckerteil und der Buchsenteil, nach dem Stand der Technik massiv ausgeführt sind, ergibt sich eine starre Verbindung, die nur aufgrund von Reibungskräften in der verriegelten Position verbleibt.Couplings of the type mentioned at the outset have coupling elements that are locked by means of a bayonet catch. Since both coupling elements, that is to say the plug part and the socket part, are made solid according to the prior art, a rigid connection results which only remains in the locked position due to frictional forces.

Um eine möglichst hohe Reibungskraft zu erhalten, wird über einen Bajonettmechanismus eine Normalkraft erzeugt, welche Stecker und Buchse zusammenpresst. Eine hohe Normalkraft ist außerdem wichtig, um einen niederohmigen elektrischen Übergang zwischen Steckerteil und Buchsenteil zu erhalten.In order to obtain the highest possible frictional force, a bayonet mechanism generates a normal force which presses the plug and socket together. A high normal force is also important in order to obtain a low-resistance electrical transition between the plug part and the socket part.

Das hier zugrunde gelegte Konstruktionsprinzip der Kupplung mit einem Steckerteil und einem Buchsenteil wird üblicherweise bei Schweißanlagen angewendet. Zu den heute in der Schweißtechnik üblichen Verbindern existiert eine Norm, DIN EN 60974-12 "Steckverbindungen für Schweißleitungen", nach der viele der im Markt befindlichen Komponenten ausgeführt sind. Aufgrund zahlreicher verbliebender gestalterischer und konstruktiver Freiheiten auch bei Anwendung der Norm unterscheiden sich die Komponenten unterschiedlicher Hersteller. Optimale Kompatibilität ist nicht ohne weiteres sicher gestellt.The construction principle of the coupling with a plug part and a socket part on which this is based is usually used in welding systems. To the connectors commonly used in welding technology today There is a standard, DIN EN 60974-12 "Plug connections for welding cables", according to which many of the components on the market are designed. Due to the numerous remaining creative and constructional freedoms, even when the standard is applied, the components of different manufacturers differ. Optimal compatibility is not guaranteed without further ado.

Ein oft in der Praxis beobachtetes Problem besteht darin, dass die bisher bekannten Steckverbindungen sich nach einiger Zeit selbsttätig lösen können. Dies ist rein konstruktiv dadurch bedingt, dass sowohl der Steckerteil als auch der Buchsenteil beide verhältnismäßig starre Teile darstellen. Nach der Verriegelung der Steckverbindung ist nur eine sehr geringe elastische Verformung der Teile möglich, so dass beim geringsten Zurückdrehen der Verbinder die Kontaktflächen sofort abheben und die Normalkraft zwischen den Teilen bis auf Null abfällt. In diesem Zustand steigt der elektrische Übergangswiderstand der Verbindung stark an.A problem that is often observed in practice is that the plug connections known up to now can loosen automatically after a while. This is purely constructive due to the fact that both the plug part and the socket part both represent relatively rigid parts. After locking the plug connection, only a very slight elastic deformation of the parts is possible, so that when the connector is turned back the slightest, the contact surfaces immediately lift off and the normal force between the parts drops to zero. In this state, the electrical contact resistance of the connection increases sharply.

Der beschrieben Lösevorgang wird in der Praxis insbesondere durch mechanische Vibrationen, durch im Betrieb auftretende Erwärmung der Steckverbinder und damit verbundene Wärmedehnung oder auch durch ein Setzverhalten der Kontaktflächen hervorgerufen. In der Folge wird durch den erhöhten Übergangswiderstand eine noch stärkere und ungleichmäßige Erwärmung der Bauteile eintreten, welchen den Effekt nochmals verstärken kann.In practice, the described release process is caused in particular by mechanical vibrations, by heating of the plug connector that occurs during operation and the associated thermal expansion, or by a settling behavior of the contact surfaces. As a result, the increased contact resistance will result in an even stronger and uneven heating of the components, which can further intensify the effect.

Die Erwärmung kann weiterhin zur Beschädigung der Verbinder, deren Isolation oder der verbundenen Kabel oder Maschinenteile führen.The heating can also damage the connectors, their insulation or the connected cables or machine parts.

Bei Schweißanlagen bewirkt bei einer lockeren Verbindung der erhöhte und oft auch abhängig von Vibrationen schwankende Übergangswiderstand der Verbindung einen zeitlich variablen Spannungsabfall in der Stromkabelverbindung und damit im Stromkreis. Dadurch wird die Lichtbogenspannung ungewollt beeinflusst, der Schweißprozess kann in der Qualität nachlassen oder instabil werden.In welding systems, with a loose connection, the increased contact resistance, which often fluctuates depending on vibrations, causes a time-variable voltage drop in the power cable connection and thus in the circuit. This will make the Arc voltage is unintentionally influenced, the welding process can decrease in quality or become unstable.

Aus der WO 03/065784 A2 ist eine Kupplung zur mechanischen Verbindung eines Lampensockels mit einer an einer Wand oder Decke installierten Anschlussdose bekannt, wobei die Verbindung zwischen Anschlussdrähten des Lampensockels und Netzanschlussdrähten innerhalb der Anschlussdose vorgesehen ist.From the WO 03/065784 A2 a coupling for the mechanical connection of a lamp base to a junction box installed on a wall or ceiling is known, the connection between connecting wires of the lamp base and mains connection wires being provided within the junction box.

US 5 015 195 A offenbart den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. U.S. 5,015,195 A discloses the preamble of claim 1.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das selbsttätige Lösen der Steckverbindung der Kupplung zuverlässig zu verhindern und einen möglichst geringen und konstanten Übergangswiderstand herzustellen. Die Steckerteile und Buchsenteile sollen dabei kompatibel mit den heute bekannten Elementen sein, so dass Teile verschiedener Hersteller problemlos kombiniert werden können.The present invention is based on the object of reliably preventing the automatic loosening of the plug connection of the coupling and of producing the lowest possible and constant contact resistance. The plug parts and socket parts should be compatible with the elements known today, so that parts from different manufacturers can be combined without any problems.

Zur Lösung dieser weist die erfindungsgemäße Kupplung die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 auf.To solve this, the coupling according to the invention has the features of claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplung ist der Arretierbolzen im Steckerteil in axialer Richtung des Kupplungsbolzens verschiebbar gelagert, wobei der Arretierbolzen mittels einer Federeinrichtung in einer Grundposition in Richtung eines hinteren Endes des Kupplungsbolzens gehalten wird und bei Herstellung der Eingriffsverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil und dem Buchsenteil der Arretierbolzen durch Formschluss mit der Nut im Buchsenteil in Richtung des vorderen Endes des Kupplungsbolzens bewegt wird und dabei die Federeinrichtung zur Ausbildung einer Vorspannkraft gespannt wird.In the coupling according to the invention, the locking bolt is mounted displaceably in the plug part in the axial direction of the coupling bolt, the locking bolt being held in a basic position in the direction of a rear end of the coupling bolt by means of a spring device and, when the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part is being established, the locking bolt is positively locked is moved with the groove in the socket part in the direction of the front end of the coupling bolt and the spring device is tensioned to form a pretensioning force.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird erreicht, dass ein elastisches Element in das System eingebracht wird, so dass in einem großen Verstellbereich der Bajonettverriegelung eine ausreichend hohe Normalkraft zwischen Steckerteil und Buchsenteil aufrecht erhalten wird. Dabei werden die insbesondere von den Stirnflächen des Steckerteils und des Buchsenteils gebildeten Stromübergangsflächen nicht verändert, so dass diese wie beim Stand der Technik direkt an massiven Bauteilen ausgebildet sind. Die Elastizität wird durch einen federnd gelagerten Arretierbolzen umgesetzt, wobei dieser so ausgeführt ist, dass er in der unbelasteten Position in die Führungsnut der Bajonettverriegelung eingeführt werden kann, und während der Verriegelung, die durch das gegeneinander Verdrehen von Steckerteil und Buchsenteil erfolgt, gegen Federkraft gespannt wird. Ein starkes Nachlassen der Anpresskraft zwischen den beiden Kupplungshälften aufgrund nur kleiner Veränderungen am System, etwa infolge minimalem Losdrehens, thermischer Ausdehnung oder Setzerscheinungen zwischen den Kontaktflächen, wird durch die Erfindung zuverlässig verhindert.The solution according to the invention achieves that an elastic element is introduced into the system, so that a sufficiently high normal force between the plug part and the socket part is maintained in a large adjustment range of the bayonet lock. In this case, the current transfer areas formed in particular by the end faces of the plug part and the socket part are not changed, so that they are formed directly on solid components, as in the prior art are. The elasticity is implemented by a resiliently mounted locking bolt, which is designed so that it can be inserted into the guide groove of the bayonet lock in the unloaded position, and during the locking, the against each other The plug part and socket part are twisted and tensioned against spring force. A sharp decrease in the contact pressure between the two coupling halves due to only small changes to the system, for example as a result of minimal loosening, thermal expansion or settling between the contact surfaces, is reliably prevented by the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kupplung weist gegenüber bekannten Lösungen somit eine erhöhte Sicherheit gegen selbsttätiges Lösen auf und ist kompatibel zu marktüblichen Komponenten.Compared to known solutions, the coupling according to the invention therefore has increased security against automatic loosening and is compatible with commercially available components.

Die Erfindung ist eine Weiterentwicklung bekannter Kupplungselemente für Hochstromverbindungen, wobei die übertragenen Ströme üblicherweise zwischen ca. 20 und 600 A liegen. Die Elemente sind vorzugsweise einpolig ausgeführt und dienen der niederohmigen Verbindung von flexiblen Kupferkabeln mit Querschnitten von ca. 10 - 120 qmm. Das Steckerteil oder das Buchsenteil können auch als Schottausführung zum Einbau in Maschinen oder Schaltschränke ausgeführt sein.The invention is a further development of known coupling elements for high-current connections, the transmitted currents usually being between approx. 20 and 600 A. The elements are preferably single-pole and are used for the low-resistance connection of flexible copper cables with cross-sections of approx. 10-120 sqmm. The plug part or the socket part can also be designed as a bulkhead design for installation in machines or control cabinets.

Im Vergleich zu heute üblichen Komponenten kann in der einfachsten Ausführungsvariante lediglich der Steckerteil verändert ausgeführt sein.In comparison to the components commonly used today, in the simplest variant, only the plug part can be modified.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplung liegt darin, dass störende Einflüsse auf den Schweißprozess aufgrund von sich lockernden Verbindungen eliminiert werden können. Die verbesserte Steckverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil und dem Buchsenteil kann an bestehenden Systemen auf einfache Art nachgerüstet und auch mit anderen Komponenten kombiniert werden.An essential advantage of the coupling according to the invention is that disruptive influences on the welding process due to loosening connections can be eliminated. The improved plug connection between the plug part and the socket part can easily be retrofitted to existing systems and can also be combined with other components.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Kupplungsbolzen des Steckerteils mit einer zentralen Durchgangsbohrung sowie einer, insbesondere durch Fräsung hergestellten radialen Ausnehmung versehen, wobei in der zentralen Durchgangsbohrung ein Zugstab geführt ist, der am vorderen Ende mit dem radial angeordneten Arretierbolzen versehen ist, wobei der Arretierbolzen die radiale Ausnehmung durchdringt und die Federeinrichtung zwischen dem Grundkörper und dem Zugstab angeordnet ist, derart, dass bei der Herstellung der Eingriffsverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil und dem Buchsenteil der Arretierbolzen in den Buchsenteil hinein bewegt und die Vorspannkraft größer wird.In a preferred embodiment, the coupling bolt of the plug part is provided with a central through-hole and a radial recess, in particular made by milling, a pull rod being guided in the central through-hole, which is provided with the radially arranged locking bolt at the front end is, wherein the locking bolt penetrates the radial recess and the spring device is arranged between the base body and the pull rod, in such a way that during the production of the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part, the locking bolt moves into the socket part and the pretensioning force is greater.

Alternativ kann der Kupplungsbolzen axial beweglich im Grundkörper des Steckerteils gelagert ist, wobei der Kupplungsbolzen mit einem radial angeordneten Arretierbolzen versehen ist und die Federeinrichtung zwischen dem Grundkörper und dem Kupplungsbolzen angeordnet ist, derart, dass bei Herstellung der Eingriffsverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil und dem Buchsenteil der Kupplungsbolzen aus dem Grundkörper herausgezogen wird und die Federkraft größer wird.Alternatively, the coupling bolt can be axially movably mounted in the base body of the plug part, the coupling bolt being provided with a radially arranged locking bolt and the spring device being arranged between the base body and the coupling bolt, such that when the engagement connection is established between the plug part and the socket part, the coupling bolt is pulled out of the base body and the spring force is greater.

Vorzugsweise weist die Federeinrichtung mindestens eine Tellerfeder auf.The spring device preferably has at least one disc spring.

Am vorderen Ende des Kupplungsbolzens kann ein Anschlag zur Begrenzung der Bewegung des Arretierbolzens ausgebildet sein.At the front end of the coupling bolt, a stop can be formed to limit the movement of the locking bolt.

Vorzugsweise ist der Anschlag für die Bewegung des Arretierbolzens durch das Ende des Federweges der zumindest einen Tellerfeder definiert.The stop for the movement of the locking bolt is preferably defined by the end of the spring travel of the at least one plate spring.

Wenn die im Buchsenteil ausgebildete Nut an ihrem von der Stirnfläche abgewandten Ende ein zur Stirnfläche paralleles Nutsegment aufweist, derart, dass bei der Herstellung der Eingriffsverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil und dem Buchsenteil während der Bewegung des Arretierbolzens im Bereich des Wendelsegments der Nut zunächst eine kontinuierliche Erhöhung der Vorspannung der Federeinrichtung und anschließend während der Bewegung des Arretierbolzens im Bereich des Nutsegments die Vorspannung konstant bleibt, kann in einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung eine fühlbar einrastende Verbindung realisiert werden, die einen zusätzlichen Schutz gegen ungewolltes Lösen bietet.If the groove formed in the socket part has a groove segment parallel to the end face at its end facing away from the end face, in such a way that when the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part is made during the movement of the locking bolt in the area of the helical segment of the groove, there is initially a continuous increase in the Bias of the spring device and then the bias remains constant during the movement of the locking bolt in the area of the groove segment, a tangible locking connection can be implemented in a further advantageous embodiment, which offers additional protection against unintentional loosening.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann die im Buchsenteil ausgebildete Nut an ihrem von der Stirnfläche abgewandten Ende ein zur Stirnfläche zurück gerichtetes Nutsegment aufweisen, derart, dass bei der Herstellung der Eingriffsverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil und dem Buchsenteil während der Bewegung des Arretierbolzens im Bereich des Wendelsegments der Nut zunächst eine kontinuierliche Erhöhung der Vorspannung der Federeinrichtung und anschließend während der Bewegung des Arretierbolzens im Bereich des Nutsegments die Vorspannung kontinuierlich reduziert wird.In a further embodiment, the groove formed in the socket part can have at its end facing away from the end face a groove segment directed back towards the end face, such that during the production of the engagement connection between the plug part and the socket part during the movement of the locking bolt in the area of the helical segment of the groove first a continuous increase in the preload of the spring device and then the preload is continuously reduced during the movement of the locking bolt in the region of the groove segment.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn entweder der Steckerteil oder der Buchsenteil für den Einbau in ein elektrisches Gerät vorgesehen sind.It is particularly advantageous if either the plug part or the socket part are intended for installation in an electrical device.

Nachfolgend werden vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen;

  • Fig. 1 ein Steckerteil einer Kupplung in isometrischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt durch den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Steckerteil;
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf den in Fig. 1 dargestellten Steckerteil;
  • Fig. 4 ein Buchsenteil einer Kupplung in isometrischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht des in Fig. 4 dargestellten Buchsenteils;
  • Fig. 6 eine Teilschnittdarstellung eines Grundkörper des in Fig. 4 darge stellten Buchsenteils gemäß Schnittlinienverlauf VI-VI in Fig. 4 ;
  • Fig. 7 eine Schnittdarstellung des in Fig. 6 dargestellten Grundkörpers gemäß Schnittlinienverlauf VII-VII in Fig. 6 mit Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer im Grundkörper ausgebildeten Nut;
  • Fig. 8 eine zweite Ausführungsform der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Nut.
Show it;
  • Fig. 1 a plug part of a coupling in an isometric view;
  • Fig. 2 a longitudinal section through the in Fig. 1 illustrated connector part;
  • Fig. 3 a top view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated connector part;
  • Fig. 4 a socket part of a coupling in an isometric view;
  • Fig. 5 a side view of the in Fig. 4 socket part shown;
  • Fig. 6 a partial sectional view of a base body of the in Fig. 4 Darge presented socket part according to the section line VI-VI in Fig. 4 ;
  • Fig. 7 a sectional view of the in Fig. 6 illustrated base body according to section line VII-VII in Fig. 6 showing a first embodiment of a groove formed in the base body;
  • Fig. 8 a second embodiment of the in Fig. 7 illustrated groove.

In einer Zusammenschau der Fig. 1 bis 3 ist ein Steckerteil 1 der Kupplung dargestellt, der von einer Stirnfläche 27 eines Grundkörpers 2 ausgehend einen Kupplungsbolzen 3 mit einer Durchgangsbohrung 13 aufweist. Der Kupplungsbolzen 3 weist in Verbindung mit der Durchgangsbohrung 13 eine vorzugsweise durch Fräsung hergestellte Ausnehmung 14 zur Aufnahme eines Arretierbolzens 4 auf. Der Arretierbolzen 4 ist durch ein gekröpftes Ende eines in der Durchgangsbohrung 13 aufgenommenen Zugstabs 15 gebildet, wobei der durch das gekröpfte Ende gebildete Arretierbolzen 4 die Ausnehmung 14 durchdringt und radial über den Kupplungsbolzen 3 hervorsteht. Dieses hervorstehende gekröpfte Ende des Zustabes 15 bildet nun den in Längsrichtung des Steckerteils 1 beweglichen Arretierbolzen 4, wobei das andere Ende des Zugstabes 15 mittels einer Federeinrichtung 16, die im vorliegenden Fall eine Tellerfeder 17 aufweist, gegen den Grundkörper 2 des Steckerteils 1 vorgespannt wird. Hierzu ist die Tellerfeder 17 bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen einem im Grundkörper 2 ausgebildeten Bohrungsabsatz der Durchgangsbohrung 13 und einer auf einem Gewindeabsatz 20 des Zugstabs 15 angeordneten Mutter 19 angeordnet.In a synopsis of the Figs. 1 to 3 a plug part 1 of the coupling is shown which, starting from an end face 27 of a base body 2, has a coupling bolt 3 with a through hole 13. In connection with the through-hole 13, the coupling bolt 3 has a recess 14, preferably produced by milling, for receiving a locking bolt 4. The locking bolt 4 is formed by a cranked end of a tension rod 15 received in the through-bore 13, the locking bolt 4 formed by the cranked end penetrating the recess 14 and protruding radially above the coupling bolt 3. This protruding cranked end of the support 15 now forms the locking bolt 4 that is movable in the longitudinal direction of the plug part 1, the other end of the tension rod 15 being pretensioned against the base body 2 of the plug part 1 by means of a spring device 16, which in the present case has a plate spring 17. For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the plate spring 17 is arranged between a bore shoulder of the through-hole 13 formed in the base body 2 and a nut 19 arranged on a threaded shoulder 20 of the tension rod 15.

Der Einsatz von einer oder mehreren Tellerfedern als Federelement der Federeinrichtung 16 erweist sich als besonders vorteilhaft, da Tellerfedern bei kleinem Hub und Bauraum bereits große Federkräfte entwickeln. Besonders vorteilhaft ist auch, wenn der maximale Federweg des Arretierbolzens 4 ohne weitere Bauteile begrenzt wird, indem die Tellerfeder flach gedrückt wird und dann einen mechanisch steifen Anschlag bildet. Durch entsprechend festes Anziehen der Kupplung können somit die gleichen hohen Anpresskräfte zwischen beiden Kupplungshälften erreicht werden, wie bei dem Stand der Technik entsprechenden starren Kupplungen, die einen feststehenden Arretierbolzen aufweisen.The use of one or more disc springs as the spring element of the spring device 16 has proven to be particularly advantageous, since disc springs develop large spring forces with a small stroke and installation space. It is also particularly advantageous if the maximum spring travel of the locking bolt 4 is limited without further components, in that the plate spring is pressed flat and then forms a mechanically rigid stop. By appropriately tightening the coupling, the same high pressure forces can be achieved between the two coupling halves as in the case of rigid couplings corresponding to the prior art, which have a fixed locking bolt.

In den Fig. 4 bis 8 ist ein Buchsenteil 7 dargestellt, der eine in einem Grundkörper 8 ausgebildete Aufnahmebohrung 9 zur Aufnahme desd Kupplungsbolzens 3 des Steckerteils 1 aufweist. In einer Bohrungswand 29 des Grundkörpers 8 ist eine Nut 10 ausgebildet, die unterschiedliche Nutsegmente, nämlich ein Nutanfangssegment 23, einen Wendelsegment 24 und ein Nutsegment 25 bzw. 26 aufweist. Durch Kombination von Nutsegmenten mit unterschiedlicher Steigung kann die Kupplung noch besser gegen ungewolltes Lösen gesichert werden. Das Nutanfangssegment 23 erstreckt sich ausgehend von einer Stirnfläche 28 des Grundkörpers 8 achsenparallel zur Aufnahmebohrung 9. Das Nutanfangssegment 23 dient dem lockeren Einführen des Kupplungsbolzens 3 des Steckerteils 1 in den Buchsenteil 7. Daran anschließend folgt das Wendelsegment 24, das eine konstante positive Steigung aufweist.In the Figures 4 to 8 a socket part 7 is shown, which has a receiving bore 9 formed in a base body 8 for receiving desd coupling bolt 3 of plug part 1. In a hole wall 29 of the base body 8, a groove 10 is formed which has different groove segments, namely a groove start segment 23, a helical segment 24 and a groove segment 25 and 26, respectively. The coupling can be secured even better against unintentional loosening by combining groove segments with different inclines. The beginning of the groove segment 23 extends from an end face 28 of the base body 8 axially parallel to the receiving bore 9. The beginning of the groove segment 23 is used to loosely insert the coupling bolt 3 of the plug part 1 into the socket part 7. This is followed by the helical segment 24, which has a constant positive slope.

Zur Herstellung einer Kupplungsverbindung zwischen dem Steckerteil 1 und dem Buchsenteil 7 wird der Arretierbolzen 4 in das Nutanfangssegment 23 eingeführt. Bei dem nachfolgenden gegeneinander Verdrehen des Steckerteils 1 und des Buchsenteils 7 folgt der Arretierbolzen 4 des Steckerteils 1 dem Wendelsegment 24 der Nut 10, wodurch die Kupplungsteile ähnlich wie beim Verriegeln eines Bajonettverschlusses zusammengezogen werden, zwischen den Stirnflächen 27, 28 ein Flächenkontakt ausgebildet wird und die Federeinrichtung 16 gespannt wird.To produce a coupling connection between the plug part 1 and the socket part 7, the locking bolt 4 is inserted into the groove start segment 23. When the connector part 1 and the socket part 7 are subsequently rotated against each other, the locking bolt 4 of the connector part 1 follows the helical segment 24 of the groove 10, whereby the coupling parts are pulled together similarly to the locking of a bayonet lock, a surface contact is formed between the end faces 27, 28 and the Spring device 16 is tensioned.

Bei der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Nut 10 schließt sich ein Nutsegment 25 mit Steigung Null an, d.h. das Nutsegment 25 verläuft parallel zur Stirnfläche 28 des Grundköpers. Sobald der Arretierbolzen 4 das Nutsegment 25 erreicht, wird die Federeinrichtung 16 nicht weiter gespannt. Allerdings entsteht nun auch keine Kraftkomponente mehr, die in Öffnungsdrehrichtung der Kupplung gerichtet ist, was im Wendelsegment 24 mit positiver Steigung noch der Fall ist. Dieser Kraftkomponente wirken lediglich die Reibungskräfte zwischen den Kupplungsteilen, also dem Steckerteil 1 und dem Buchsenteil 7, entgegen, so dass die Kupplung stets einfacher, d.h. mit weniger Kraftaufwand, geöffnet als geschlossen werden kann. Durch die Anordnung des Nutsegments 25 wird erreicht, dass keine inneren Kräfte in der Kupplung mehr auf ein Öffnen der Verbindung hinwirken, und auch die nötige äußere Kraft zum Öffnen der Verbindung höher wird, da die unterstützende Kraft durch die schiefe Ebene zwischen dem Arretierbolzen 4 und dem Wendelsegment 24 entfällt.At the in Fig. 7 The illustrated embodiment of the groove 10 is followed by a groove segment 25 with a zero pitch, ie the groove segment 25 runs parallel to the end face 28 of the base body. As soon as the locking bolt 4 reaches the groove segment 25, the spring device 16 is no longer tensioned. However, there is no longer any force component that is directed in the opening direction of rotation of the clutch, which is still the case in the helical segment 24 with a positive gradient. This force component is only counteracted by the frictional forces between the coupling parts, that is to say the plug part 1 and the socket part 7, so that the coupling can always be opened more easily, ie with less effort, than closed. The arrangement of the groove segment 25 ensures that no more internal forces in the coupling act to open the connection, and also the necessary external force to The opening of the connection becomes higher because the supporting force due to the inclined plane between the locking bolt 4 and the helical segment 24 is omitted.

Beim der dem Einführen des in Fig. 2 dargestellten Steckerteils 1 in das in Fig. 5 dargestellte Buchsenteil 7 nachfolgenden Führung des Arretierbolzens 4 in dem Wendelsegment 24 der Nut 10, also beim Verriegeln des Bajonettverschlusses, wird der Zugstab 15 gegen die Vorspannkraft der Federeinrichtung 16 aus dem Steckerteil 1 herausgezogen, wodurch die Anpresskraft genau definiert wird. Beim Losdrehen des Steckerteils 1 lässt die Anpresskraft zwischen den Kontaktflächen ausbildenden Stirnflächen 27, 28 entsprechend der Federkennlinie kontinuierlich nach, eine plötzliche Entlastung und damit sofortiges Lösen der Verbindung wie beim Stand der Technik wird zuverlässig verhindert. Auch Wärmedehnung und Setzverhalten der Verbindung wird elastisch kompensiert, ohne dass es zu einer relevanten Änderung der Vorspannkraft kommt. Damit bleibt auch der ohmsche Übergangswiderstand der Verbindung praktisch konstantWhen introducing the in Fig. 2 plug part 1 shown in the in Fig. 5 shown socket part 7 subsequent guidance of the locking bolt 4 in the helical segment 24 of the groove 10, so when locking the bayonet lock, the pull rod 15 is pulled out of the plug part 1 against the biasing force of the spring device 16, whereby the pressing force is precisely defined. When the plug part 1 is loosened, the contact pressure between the end faces 27, 28 forming the contact surfaces decreases continuously according to the spring characteristic, a sudden relief and thus immediate loosening of the connection as in the prior art is reliably prevented. The thermal expansion and setting behavior of the connection is also elastically compensated without a relevant change in the preload force. This means that the ohmic contact resistance of the connection also remains practically constant

Diese neue Situation, die einen bedeutenden technischen Fortschritt darstellt, wird erst ermöglicht durch den erfindungsgemäßen Buchsenteil. Zusätzlich kann der erfindungsgemäße Buchsenteil so ausgelegt werden, dass Kompatibilität mit bestehenden Steckerteilen in starrer Ausführung mit einem feststehenden Arretierbolzen entsprechend dem Stand der Technik erhalten bleibt. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Wendelsegment ausgelegt wird, dass ein starr eingebauter Arretierbolzen, der geometrisch gemäß der Norm IEC 60974-12 ausgelegt ist, nicht das nachfolgende Nutsegment erreichen kann.This new situation, which represents a significant technical advance, is only made possible by the socket part according to the invention. In addition, the socket part according to the invention can be designed so that compatibility with existing plug parts in a rigid design with a fixed locking bolt according to the prior art is maintained. This is achieved in that the helical segment is designed so that a rigidly installed locking bolt, which is geometrically designed in accordance with the IEC 60974-12 standard, cannot reach the following groove segment.

Bei der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Nut 10 weist das Nutsegment 26 eine negative Steigung auf, so dass das Nutsegment 26 auf die Stirnfläche 28 zurück gerichtet ist.. In diesem Fall wird beim Übergang des federgespannten Arretierbolzens4 vom Wendelsegment 24 mit positiver Steigung in das Nutsegment 26 mit negativer Steigung für den Bediener der Kupplung eine deutliche Änderung des Anzugsdrehmoment spürbar. Dieses wird beim Übergang vom Wendelsegment 24 zum Nutsegment 26 plötzlich nachlassen, was intuitiv als Einrasten der Kupplung verstanden wird. Der Bediener weiß somit, dass die Kupplung korrekt verriegelt ist. Zum Lösen der Kupplung muss zuerst ein ansteigendes Drehmoment aufgebracht werden, um den Übergangspunkt zwischen dem Wendelsegment 24 und dem Nutsegment 26 der Nut 10 zu überwinden. Ein versehentliches Lösen ist damit ausgeschlossen.At the in Fig. 8 The illustrated embodiment of the groove 10, the groove segment 26 has a negative slope, so that the groove segment 26 is directed back to the end face 28. In this case, when the spring-loaded locking bolt 4 passes from the helical segment 24 with a positive slope into the groove segment 26 with a negative slope For the clutch operator noticeably changes the tightening torque. This will suddenly decrease at the transition from the helical segment 24 to the groove segment 26, which is intuitively understood as the engagement of the coupling. The operator thus knows that the coupling is correctly locked. To release the coupling, an increasing torque must first be applied in order to overcome the transition point between the helical segment 24 and the groove segment 26 of the groove 10. Accidental loosening is therefore impossible.

Claims (9)

  1. A coupling for power cables having a plug part (1) and a socket part (7), said plug part (1) and said socket part (7) comprising a device for connecting a power cable (6) in a fixed manner, in such a manner that the plug part (1) and the socket part (7) form current transition areas, said plug part (1) comprising a basic body (2) which has a coupling pin (3) arranged in the axial direction of the coupling and projecting over a front side (27) of the basic body (2) and having a locking pin (4) laterally arranged on the coupling pin (3), said socket part (7) comprising a basic body (8) which is provided with an axial bore (9) for accommodating the coupling pin (3), said axial bore (9) comprising, in a bore wall (29), a groove (10) which starts from a front side (28) of the basic body (8) and comprises a helical segment (24) and extends to the front end of the basic body (8), said groove (10) serving to accommodate a locking pin (4) of the plug part (1) such that when an engagement connection is produced between the plug part (1) and the socket part (7), the coupling pin (3) is inserted into the bore (9) of the socket part (7) in such a manner that the locking pin (4) is accommodated in the groove (10) of the socket part (7) and the plug part (1) and the socket part (7) are clamped against each other like a bayonet connector by means of the locking pin (4) guided in the groove (10) via a subsequent relative rotation of the plug part (1) and the socket part (7),
    characterised in that
    the locking pin (4) is displaceably mounted in the plug part (1) in the axial direction of the coupling pin (3), said locking pin (4) being held in a basic position towards a back end (11) of the coupling pin (3) by means of a spring device (16) and said locking pin (4) being displaced towards the front end (12) of the coupling pin (3) by interlocking with the groove (10) in the socket part (7) when the engagement connection is produced between the plug part (1) and the socket part (7) and the spring device (16) thus being loaded so as to form a pre-load force.
  2. The coupling for power cables according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the coupling pin (3) of the plug part (1) is provided with a central through bore (13) as well as a radial recess (14), a tension rod (15) being guided in the central through bore (13), said tension rod (15) being provided with the locking pin (4) radially arranged on the front end, said locking pin (4) passing through the radial recess (14) and the spring device (16) being arranged between the basic body (2) and the tension rod (15) in such a manner that when the engagement connection is produced between the plug part (1) and the socket part (7), the locking pin (4) is displaced into the socket part (7) and the pre-load force increases.
  3. The coupling for power cables according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the spring device (16) comprises at least one plate spring (17).
  4. The coupling for power cables according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    a stop for limiting the movement of the locking pin is formed at the front end of the coupling pin.
  5. The coupling for power cables according to claim 4,
    characterised in that
    the stop for the movement of the locking pin (4) is defined by the end of the spring path of the at least one plate spring (17).
  6. The coupling for power cables according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the coupling pin is mounted axially displaceable in the basic body of the socket part, said coupling pin being provided with a radially arranged locking pin and the spring device being arranged between the basic body and the coupling pin in such a manner that when the engagement connection is produced between the plug part and the socket part, the coupling pin is pulled out of the basic body and the pre-load force increases.
  7. The coupling for power cables according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the groove (10) formed in the socket part (7) comprises a groove segment (25) arranged parallel to the front side (28) at the end of the groove (10) facing away from the front side (28) in such a manner that when the engagement connection is produced between the plug part (1) and the socket part (7), the pre-load of the spring device (16) increases continuously at first while the locking pin (4) is being displaced in the area of the helical segment (24) of the groove (10) and subsequently the pre-load force remains constant while the locking pin (4) is being displaced in the area of the groove segment (25).
  8. The coupling for power cables according to any one of the claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the groove (10) formed in the socket part (7) comprises a groove segment (26) facing back to the front side (28) at the end of the groove (10) facing away from the front side (28) in such a manner that when the engagement connection is produced between the plug part (1) and the socket part (7), the pre-load force of the spring device (16) is continuously increased at first while the locking pin (4) is being displaced in the area of the helical segment (24) of the groove (19) and subsequently the pre-load force is continuously reduced while the locking pin (4) is being displaced in the area of the groove segment (26).
  9. The coupling for power cables according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    either the plug part (1) or the socket par (7) is intended to be installed in an electrical device.
EP16707652.0A 2015-02-13 2016-02-12 Coupling for power cables Active EP3257110B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015001717 2015-02-13
PCT/EP2016/053051 WO2016128557A1 (en) 2015-02-13 2016-02-12 Coupling for power cables

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CN205429238U (en) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-03 安徽易特流焊割发展有限公司 Fast plug of cable
USD924287S1 (en) * 2019-01-17 2021-07-06 Tbi Industries Gmbh Cable support
USD924283S1 (en) * 2019-01-17 2021-07-06 Tbi Industries Gmbh Cable support
WO2021007413A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-14 Elco Enterprises, Inc. Cable locking device
US10870163B1 (en) * 2020-05-12 2020-12-22 Alpha/Omega Energy Solutions, LLC Welding lead connector and welding lead connector including locking mechanism
CN114071920B (en) * 2021-11-16 2023-03-21 南通茂业电子科技有限公司 Electric permanent magnetic chuck controller assembly with demagnetization early warning prompt
EP4318815A1 (en) 2022-08-05 2024-02-07 FRONIUS INTERNATIONAL GmbH Current socket for reversible connection to a power plug

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US5015195A (en) * 1990-03-13 1991-05-14 Thomas & Betts Corporation Plug and socket electrical connection assembly

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US10122110B2 (en) 2018-11-06
WO2016128557A1 (en) 2016-08-18
US20180026386A1 (en) 2018-01-25
EP3257110A1 (en) 2017-12-20
ES2851343T3 (en) 2021-09-06

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