EP3255619A1 - Dispositif de sécurité personnel sans fil - Google Patents

Dispositif de sécurité personnel sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3255619A1
EP3255619A1 EP16173971.9A EP16173971A EP3255619A1 EP 3255619 A1 EP3255619 A1 EP 3255619A1 EP 16173971 A EP16173971 A EP 16173971A EP 3255619 A1 EP3255619 A1 EP 3255619A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
safety device
personal safety
block
cellular telephone
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP16173971.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jack T. Scully
Mark Schneider
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Micro Apps Group Inventions LLC
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Micro Apps Group Inventions LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Micro Apps Group Inventions LLC filed Critical Micro Apps Group Inventions LLC
Priority to EP16173971.9A priority Critical patent/EP3255619A1/fr
Publication of EP3255619A1 publication Critical patent/EP3255619A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B15/00—Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives
    • G08B15/004—Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives using portable personal devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • F41H13/0012—Electrical discharge weapons, e.g. for stunning
    • F41H13/0018—Electrical discharge weapons, e.g. for stunning for nearby electrical discharge, i.e. the electrodes being positioned on the device and the device brought manually or otherwise into contact with a nearby target
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • F41H13/0043—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target
    • F41H13/0087—Directed energy weapons, i.e. devices that direct a beam of high energy content toward a target for incapacitating or destroying the target the high-energy beam being a bright light, e.g. for dazzling or blinding purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F41H9/10—Hand-held or body-worn self-defence devices using repellant gases or chemicals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/016—Personal emergency signalling and security systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless personal safety device. Every day, people are exposed to situations in which personal safety may be in jeopardy: while strolling on city sidewalks, hurrying to one's car at night, looking for one's car in a parking garage, jogging on a lonely road, walking the dog out at night, getting lost outdoors, taking a short cut down a deserted street, getting waylaid by a vicious dog, hearing footsteps following one, waiting for help when one's car breaks down, making a wrong turn in a dangerous neighborhood etc. In today's world people need a security companion.
  • the present invention is in the field of personal safety and more particularly for personal protective devices, particularly as combined with cellular telephones and more particularly when a smartphone is connected to a separate personal protective device via a network.
  • the prior art known to Applicants takes advantage of the latest technology made available by battery powered cellular phones. This includes telephony, the ability to capture pictures, videos and audio, Global Positioning System (GPS) location capabilities, and the ability to run software applications on built-in processing units.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • Some prior art inventions disclose holders, attachments and cases for cellular phones that allow additional personal safety devices to be physically linked to the cellular phone. This makes the combined device bulkier, heavier and less useful as a cellular phone. Some of them provide for personal safety device activation once a panic button is pushed, but the integration is not complete. Other disclosures include voice activated panic buttons, but it is known that voices under stress cannot always be recognized, even by trained software.
  • cellular phone designs are not standardized, different phone implementations make a common attachment means difficult, if not impossible.
  • US Patent Application 2008/0064339, March 13, 2008, to Cavalier describes a personal safety device formed by combining a modified cellular telephone with a personal protective spray, such as pepper spray. Activation of the spray causes the cellular telephone to automatically alert emergency response personnel and provides them with cellular phone location via GPS in the phone. It requires modification of the cellular phone and does not work in conjunction with other personal safety devices over a local network.
  • US Patent 8,472,915, June 25, 2013, to DiPerna et al. also describes a cellular phone with personal protective spray and a panic button.
  • the button When the button is activated, the personal protective spray is released and the phone records audio and/or video for transmission, transmits the data to emergency response personnel, and provides them with cellular phone location via GPS in the phone. It requires attaching devices to the phone or modification of the cellular phone and does not work in conjunction with other personal safety devices over a local network.
  • US Patent Application 2007/0293186, December 20, 2007, to Lehmann describes a portable device that includes the ability to biometrically identify the user.
  • the portable device can be a cellular phone with integrated cameras, sound recorders, and/or biometric authentication mechanisms that utilizes GPS to determine geographic location.
  • Data communication in the form of GPS location data, messages, videos, pictures, etc. can be performed over many types of networks including local area networks (LANs). LANs however, are not meant for personal area network use.
  • Lehmann's invention does not work in conjunction with other personal safety devices over a personal area network.
  • the cellular phone has a panic button which can activate audio and video recording, start a siren, flash lights and contact emergency personnel with GPS location data. These capabilities can also be deployed in an attachable cellular phone case.
  • the Hagenstad invention does not work in conjunction with other personal safety devices over a personal area network.
  • US Patent 8466795, June 18, 2013 , US Patent 8149124, April 3, 2012 , US Patent 6624754, September 23, 2003 and 6239700, May 29, 2001 to Hoffman et al. describe a signaling system that provides an alarm for an individual in distress combined with a locating and tracking system, possibly by cellular phone, to alert and direct appropriate personnel to the needs of the individual in distress and to monitor the location of that individual.
  • the system includes a portable signaling unit, a remote alarm switch device, a central dispatch station, and makes use of a wireless communication system.
  • the portable signaling unit and the remote alarm switch may be adapted to be worn at different locations on the person's body.
  • the remote alarm switch may be concealed in the form of a wristband or in the form of any other object such as a broach, pendant, or keychain. Even though a wireless remote is described that is separate from the cellular phone, nowhere is it mentioned that the wireless remote contains other personal safety devices nor do these devices work over a personal area network.
  • the present invention relates to a wireless personal safety device.
  • the combination cellular phone and personal safety device according to the present invention substantially departs from the conventional concepts and designs of the prior art, and in so doing provides an apparatus primarily developed for the purpose of providing a means of communication and a means of self-defense in one unit.
  • the present invention includes the following interrelated objects, aspects and features:
  • Fig. 1 represents the main components of the Personal Safety System (PSS) invention.
  • the personal safety device (PSD) 1 is battery powered (107) and contains self-defense mechanisms such as a shocking mechanism and a spray mechanism to subdue or discourage a would-be attacker.
  • the PSD 1 is tethered to a cellular phone 2, over a Bluetooth system.
  • the optical safety device (OSD) 6 is battery powered (287) ( Fig. 3 ) and contains camera component used to identify and track potential assailants coming from behind.
  • the OSD 6 is tethered to a cellular phone 2, over a Bluetooth system 290, 291 ( Fig. 3 ).
  • the cellular phone 2 contains an internal Global Positioning System (GPS) 3 that provides location information of the whereabouts of the cellular phone, and therefore presumably of the cellular phone owner.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the cellular phone 2 communicates over a cellular phone network 4 to provide interconnectedness to the phone network and the Internet 5.
  • the phone network 4 allows the user to summon help over the phone network (calling 911 or calling another person directly).
  • the Internet 5 also has linkages to various social media for summoning help over social media, such as, for example, Facebook. Also, as is known in the art, GPS is sometimes aided by location information obtained by triangulation involving cellular phone towers. US Patent 5515419 discloses this aspect.
  • Fig. 2A there is shown a schematic representation of the PSD 100.
  • the PSD 100 has a housing 101 that contains a receptacle 103 or other mounting arrangement such that a self-defense mechanism comprising a pepper spray package 110 or other equivalent noxious spray sprayer can be attached to the PSD 100.
  • a self-defense mechanism comprising a pepper spray package 110 or other equivalent noxious spray sprayer can be attached to the PSD 100.
  • Off the shelf pre-packaged units of spray 110 are available commercially.
  • a custom version of the contained spray may be employed that integrates specifically with the PSD.
  • An example of a custom contained spray is one in which spray activation switch 150 on the contained spray is designed to also engage the panic button switch 120. In this way, activation of the spray via nozzle 154 indicates an emergency situation, alleviating the need for two separate actions.
  • Block 130 shows a power on/off switch and can be either a mechanical or software based switch and enables the PSD's Bluetooth functionality.
  • Block 140 shown as an external switch, is provided as a safety switch or trigger, and allows the stun gun to be manually enabled. A description of a stun gun is disclosed in US Patent 4688140 , incorporated herein by reference.
  • Blocks 152 are the stun gun electrodes, which are placed against a perpetrator's skin in order to disable the perpetrator. Alternatively, where allowed by law, a more lethal defense mechanism may be deployed and activated.
  • Block 200 schematically represents the other hardware found in PSD 100.
  • Block 210 is a charging circuit that allows the PSD 100 battery 220 to be charged up for use.
  • the input to this charging circuit can be, for example, from a wall mounted transformer, USB cable or charging pad. Which input is used depends on the design of charging circuit 210 and, as known in the art, this can take on numerous forms, e.g., AC-DC converter using a direct or transformer coupled AC input, DC regulation using an unregulated DC input, etc.
  • Battery 220 is a rechargeable type battery, preferably using lead-acid, nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), and lithium ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) technology, as is known in the art. Battery 220 can also be a non-chargeable type, eliminating the need for charging circuit 210. Whatever battery is used, it must be sized appropriately. Battery 220 is used to power the Bluetooth circuitry 270 and the DC-DC converter 240 that converts the low battery voltage to a high voltage potential across electrodes 150 for shocking. Switches 130 and 140 are used to enable or disable the powering of the Bluetooth 270 and the DC-DC converter 240, respectively.
  • the antenna 280 facilitates transmission of wireless signals from the PSD to a cellular telephone.
  • a separation sensor 125 senses separation distance from the associated cell phone by measuring signal strength. If signal strength dips below a pre-set threshold, an alarm is sent to the cell phone.
  • the OSD 281 is a self-contained module that can snap onto the back of an article of clothing, can be attached with Velcro® fastener onto an article of clothing, attached onto a rear facing earpiece, etc., as is known in the art.
  • the OSD 281 is battery 287 powered, where the battery technology can be chosen to optimize performance.
  • An external power source 285, such as mains power, supplies unregulated power to charger/battery-health circuitry 286.
  • Charger/battery-health circuitry 286 conditions the power so that the battery can be charged and also provides an indication of battery 287 charge.
  • Switch 288 is the user power switch. When switch 288 is engaged battery 287 power is further regulated and modified by block 289 to power the remaining components 291-295.
  • the camera 295 is an infrared (IR) camera, useful for viewing in darkness and IR light.
  • IR light is provided by IR LEDs 294. This light is invisible to humans, thereby also concealing the fact that the OSD 281 is active. While other cameras can be used, the IR camera provides less data to process (monochromatic vs. color), simplifying the detection of a rear approaching assailant.
  • Ambient light sensor 293 is a semiconductor device that senses the ambient light level. This information is incorporated in the camera interface/logic module 292 to control the intensity of the IR LEDs 294. When daylight is sensed the IR LEDs 294 are turned off.
  • Image data from the camera 295 is sent to Bluetooth module 291, where it is transmitted to the cellular phone 2 for image processing and analysis.
  • information from the cellular phone 2 can also provide some control over the camera 295 such as update rate, aperture, etc.
  • Block 310 represents the user installing the application on the cellular phone. As is known in the art, this is accomplished by downloading the application from one of the various vendors' software repositories, such as the Apple store or Google Play. Once the application is installed, the user runs the application in Block 320. The user is then prompted to set various features and options that control how the cellular phone connects with other users of the network and how the cellular phone interacts with the PSD, as denoted by Block 330. Various options are now selected. In Block 340, the user is asked if they would like to enter/add contact information.
  • Such information can be a phone number, cellular and/or landline, an address, either physical and/or e-mail, etc. If the answer is yes, the user enters the desired data in Block 345. In Block 350, the user is next asked if they would like to enter social media contact information. Such information can be links for posting to Facebook, Twitter, and other social media sharing sites. If the answer is yes, the user enters the desired data in Block 355. In Block 360, the user is asked if they would like to add 911 emergency calling. If the answer is yes, the information is saved in Block 365.
  • Block 370 the user is asked whether to enable the separation sensor and alarm. This alarm is triggered when the PSD and the cellular phone are separated by a certain distance. This distance is based on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) indicator. There is no standardized relationship between range and the RSSI reading, so this can only be used as an approximate distance measure, but it is sufficient. If enabled, the approximate distance is entered in Block 375. Additionally, related timing information can be entered, such as how long the devices are separated before enabling the alarm, giving the owner time to bring the PSD and cellular phone together again. In Block 380, the user is asked what capture methods should be enabled to capture audio, video and location information. If selected, the user enters or checks the various methods. Block 390 asks the user whether location sharing should be enabled.
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator
  • Block 400 is then reached where Bluetooth is enabled in the cellular phone. Once enabled, the user is asked to turn on the PSD and/or the OSD so that the cellular phone can be paired to the appropriate devices in Block 410. This is a standard method of using Bluetooth as is known in the art.
  • Fig. 5 there is shown a flowchart of the software running on the PSD.
  • the user turns on the PSD using switch 130 ( Fig. 2 ).
  • Bluetooth is enabled in Block 430 and the PSD connects to the cellular phone in Block 440.
  • Block 450 shows the loop where the panic button of Fig. 2 , block 120, is monitored.
  • the panic button is activated, the cellular phone is notified via Bluetooth in Block 460 of the button press.
  • the high voltage charging circuit is activated in Block 470. This can be an automated process as shown or is accomplished by the user enabling switch 140 ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the PSD stays in this state of usefulness based on Block 480 until the situation is clear, meaning that the user is no longer needing the protection offered by the PSD. This is accomplished by turning the unit off using the power button in Fig. 2 , Block 130, disabling block 240 using switch 140 or other means.
  • the power switch is a soft power switch, meaning that the power is never actually off, just sitting in a quiescent state, waiting for the power switch to be activated again.
  • Fig. 6 there is shown a flowchart of the OSD software running on both the OSD 281 and the cellular phone 2.
  • the user turns on the OSD using switch 288 ( Fig. 3 ).
  • Bluetooth is enabled in Block 492 and the OSD connects to the cellular phone in Block 493.
  • Block 494 shows where the streaming images are sent to cellular phone 2. These images are from camera 295, which are transmitted via Bluetooth 291. This happens continuously at a fixed rate, or at least with a timestamp attached to the image.
  • This process may also be performed in a parallel manner, such as in a separate thread, since the processing is more intensive than the rest of the PSS software, as is known in the art.
  • Block 495 implements a people detection algorithm, as described in "Background Subtraction for Freely Moving Cameras," incorporated herein.
  • the method operates entirely using 2D image measurements without requiring an explicit 3D reconstruction of the scene.
  • a sparse model of background is built by robustly estimating a compact trajectory basis from trajectories of salient features across the video, and the background is 'subtracted' by removing trajectories that lie within the space spanned by the basis.
  • Foreground and background appearance models are then built, and an optimal pixel-wise foreground/background labeling is obtained.
  • Facial recognition can be found in open CV, Facereclib (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/facereclib ), http://www.face-rec.org/algorithms/ and commercial facial recognition software ( http://www.luxand.com/facesdk/ ).
  • the results from block 495 are then processed in block 496 using an optical flow algorithm such as the Lucas-Kanade Algorithm.
  • This algorithm is a widely used differential method for optical flow estimation, a version of which can be found in openCV. It assumes that the flow is essentially constant in a local neighborhood of the pixel under consideration, and solves the basic optical flow equations for all the pixels in that neighborhood using a least squares criterion. By combining information from several nearby pixels, the Lucas-Kanade method can often overcome vagaries of the optical flow equation.
  • Other motion detection algorithms can be used, as is known in the art, such as found at http://blog.cedric.ws/opencv-simple-motion-detection.
  • Block 500 signifies that the user has enabled the PSD application. This can be performed in various user-friendly ways, including double tapping an icon, using speech recognition, etc.
  • the first thing that happens upon startup is a reminder to the user to check the level of the irritant spray in Block 510.
  • Block 512 signifies that the user has enabled the OSD application. This can be performed in various ways, including double tapping an icon, using speech recognition, etc.
  • the first thing that happens upon OSD startup is a reminder to the user to check battery charge, Block 515, if required. Once the reminders are cleared, a number of actions occur in Block 520.
  • Block 570 This includes enabling the received signal strength indicator (used for separation determination in Block 570), starting the text application for contacting purposes, starting social media applications for constant contact updates, placing on standby audio and video recording applications, enabling locations services and/or child tracking and enabling the optical tracking algorithm that runs concurrently with the other PSS systems.
  • Block 533 receives input from the assailant tracking algorithm described in Fig. 6 . While in this loop, other actions are monitored.
  • Block 536 the state of the OSD is checked. If it is turned off, the OSD application is terminated.
  • Block 540 the state of the PSD is checked.
  • Block 536 or 540 are not turned off, then a check is made on whether the user has turned the PSS application off in Block 550. If so, the application stops; if not, the loop is repeated.
  • Block 560 ( Fig. 7B ) the cellular phone issues a loud audio warning to the perpetrator. This can take the form of a warning that events are being recorded; emergency personnel are being contacted, etc. The capturing and sending of the data cannot be reversed or canceled by the user or potential perpetrator. The potential perpetrator is notified using a pre-recorded message broadcast via speaker 109 ( Fig.
  • Block 570 a check is made concerning the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) level. If the level indicates separation (a weak signal indicates a larger than expected separation distance), as programmed in Block 375 for a specified time, an elevation of the threat assessment is made in Block 580. All information sent to contacts, social media, etc. in Block 590 are tagged to indicate that the threat has progressed to a more serious level. This can be done with stressor words, numeric levels or color coding, as appropriate.
  • Block 600 Fig.
  • Block 610 is executed to see if the panic button has been disabled. If so, control is returned to Block 530. Otherwise the loop is closed by returning to Block 560.
  • Block 660 the cellular phone issues a loud audio warning to the user and possible assailant indicating someone is approaching. This can take the form of a warning that events are being recorded; emergency personnel are being contacted, etc.
  • the capturing and sending of the data cannot be reversed or canceled by the user or potential perpetrator.
  • the potential perpetrator is notified using a pre-recorded message broadcast via built in cellular phone 2 speaker that the potential perpetrator's data has been captured by the electronic device, thereby discouraging the potential perpetrator from further proceeding with the crime.
  • Block 670 a check is made concerning the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) level. If the level indicates separation of the OSD (a weak signal indicates a larger than expected separation distance), as programmed in Block 375 for a specified time, an elevation of the threat assessment is made in Block 680. All information sent to contacts, social media, etc. in Block 690 are tagged to indicate that the threat has progressed to a more serious level. This can be done with stressor words, numeric levels or color coding, as appropriate.
  • Block 700 checks if the cellular phone application is disabled or not. If so, the application exits. Otherwise the loop is closed by returning to Block 530.
EP16173971.9A 2016-06-10 2016-06-10 Dispositif de sécurité personnel sans fil Pending EP3255619A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109887233A (zh) * 2019-02-15 2019-06-14 义乌市吉龙科技有限公司 一种随身行走防身系统
EP3721741A1 (fr) 2019-04-05 2020-10-14 ErnIdee UG (haftungsbeschränkt) Système d'alarme pour joggeurs

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