EP3242991B1 - Réglage de multiples duses hydrauliques en forage sous pression régulée - Google Patents

Réglage de multiples duses hydrauliques en forage sous pression régulée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3242991B1
EP3242991B1 EP16701218.6A EP16701218A EP3242991B1 EP 3242991 B1 EP3242991 B1 EP 3242991B1 EP 16701218 A EP16701218 A EP 16701218A EP 3242991 B1 EP3242991 B1 EP 3242991B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
choke
hydraulic
control valve
unit
return
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EP16701218.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3242991A1 (fr
Inventor
Walter S. Dillard
Paul R. Northam
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Weatherford Technology Holdings LLC
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Weatherford Technology Holdings LLC
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Priority claimed from PCT/US2016/012134 external-priority patent/WO2016111979A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to a method and apparatus to control multiple hydraulic chokes in a managed pressure drilling system.
  • controlled pressure drilling includes managed pressure drilling (MPD), underbalanced drilling (UBD), and air drilling (AD) operations.
  • MPD managed pressure drilling
  • UBD underbalanced drilling
  • AD air drilling
  • MPD Managed Pressure Drilling
  • a MPD system uses a closed and pressurizable mud-return system, a rotating control device (RCD), and a choke manifold to control the wellbore pressure during drilling.
  • RCD rotating control device
  • the various MPD techniques used in the industry allow operators to drill successfully in conditions where conventional technology simply will not work by allowing operators to manage the pressure in a controlled fashion during drilling.
  • the bit drills through a formation, and pores become exposed and opened.
  • formation fluids i . e ., gas
  • the drilling system pumps this gas, drilling mud, and the formation cuttings back to the surface.
  • the pressure drops, meaning more gas from the formation may be able to enter the wellbore. If the hydrostatic pressure is less than the formation pressure, then even more gas can enter the wellbore.
  • FIG. 1A schematically shows a controlled pressure drilling system 10 according to the prior art.
  • this system 10 is a Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) system having a rotating control device (RCD) 12 from which a drill string and drill bit (not shown) extend downhole in a wellbore through a formation.
  • the rotating control device 12 can include any suitable pressure containment device that keeps the wellbore closed at all time while the wellbore is being drilled.
  • the system 10 also includes mud pumps (not shown), a standpipe (not shown), a mud tank (not shown), a mud gas separator 18, and various flow lines (14, 16, etc.), as well as other conventional components.
  • the MPD system 10 includes an automated choke manifold 20 that is incorporated into the other components of the system 10.
  • a drilling system 10 with a choke manifold 20 is the Secure Drilling TM System available from Weatherford. Details related to such a system are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,044,237 .
  • the automated choke manifold 20 manages pressure during drilling and is incorporated into the system 10 downstream from the rotating control device 12 and upstream from the gas separator 18.
  • the manifold 20 has chokes 22A-B, choke actuators 24A-B, a mass flow meter 26, pressure sensors, a hydraulic power unit 50 to actuate the chokes 22A-B, and a controller 40 to control operation of the manifold 20.
  • the system 10 uses the rotating control device 12 to keep the well closed to atmospheric conditions. Fluid leaving the well flows through the automated choke manifold 20, which measures return flow and density using the flow meter 26 installed in line with the chokes 22A-B. Software components of the manifold 20 then compare the flow rate in and out of the wellbore, the injection pressure (or standpipe pressure), the surface backpressure (measured upstream from the drilling chokes 22), the position of the chokes 22A-B, and the mud density. Comparing these variables, the system 10 identifies minute downhole influxes and losses on a real-time basis and to manage the annulus pressure during drilling. All of the monitored information can be displayed for the operator at the controller 40.
  • the controller 40 monitors for any deviations in values and alerts the operators of any problems that might be caused by a fluid influx into the wellbore from the formation or a loss of drilling mud into the formation. In addition, the controller 40 can automatically detect, control, and circulate out such influxes by operating the chokes 22A-B on the choke manifold 20 with the power unit 50.
  • a possible fluid influx can be noted when the "flow out” value (measured from flow meter 26) deviates from the “flow in” value (measured from the mud pumps).
  • an alert notifies the operator to apply the brake until it is confirmed safe to drill. Meanwhile, no change in the mud pump rate is needed at this stage.
  • the controller 40 automatically closes the choke 22A-B to a determined degree to increase surface backpressure in the wellbore annulus and stop the influx.
  • the controller 40 circulates the influx out of the well by automatically adjusting the surface backpressure, thereby increasing the downhole circulating pressure and avoiding a secondary influx.
  • a hydraulic power unit 50 includes a hydraulic reservoir 52, one or more hydraulic pumps 54, one or more accumulators 56, hydraulic choke control valves 58A-B, and necessary piping, fittings, and valves.
  • Each choke 22A-B located in the choke unit 20 has its actuator 24A-B connected by flow paths 55A-B to one of the hydraulic choke control valves 58A-B located in hydraulic power unit 50.
  • This type of arrangement is disclosed in US 2005/092523 , which shows chokes located with actuators and connected by flowpaths to a remote hydraulic power unit/control valve unit of a console.
  • the flow-paths 55A-B for the hydraulic power used to control the chokes 22A-B may need to travel some distance (e.g ., 12 ft. or so). Additionally, the flow paths 55A-B can be coupled with various bends, not necessarily depicted in this schematic view. Further, wave pulses may tend to originate from the pump(s) 54 and travel along the flow paths 55A-B.
  • any hydraulic hoses used for the flow-paths 55A-B can elastically expand ( i . e ., expand diametrically) as the hydraulic pressure increases.
  • the hydraulic hoses used for the flow-paths 55A-B can elastically contract ( i . e ., contract diametrically) as the hydraulic pressure decreases.
  • the hoses for the flow-paths 55A-B can effectively respond as an accumulator and can further exaggerate or reduce the responsiveness of the choke actuators.
  • the distance, bends, wave pulses, and the like can create hydraulic frictional losses and delays that hinder the response of the chokes 22A-B during operations.
  • the hydraulic losses in the flow-path 55A can be different from the hydraulic losses in flow-path 55B depending on construction of the materials or differences in geometries. This can lead to a different system response between the chokes 22A-B, which requires a more complex control algorithm for the controller 40. For example, one hydraulic choke 22A may tend to respond more slowly than the other choke 22B.
  • electric actuation of the chokes 22A-B may have faster response times (i.e., closing and opening times for the chokes 22A-B) when compared to hydraulic actuation.
  • electric actuation on the drilling rig may not be desirable or even possible for various reasons so that hydraulic actuation may be preferred.
  • an assembly is used with remote hydraulic power to control flow of wellbore fluid in a drilling system, according to appended claim 1.
  • a skid or a manifold can have the at least one choke, the at least one hydraulic actuator, and the at least one control valve disposed thereon.
  • a housing can have the at least one control valve and can be connected to the hydraulic actuator.
  • At least one accumulator can be disposed with the at least one choke and can be coupled to the supply upstream of the at least one control valve.
  • the at least one control valve can couple to the hydraulic actuator with a pair of pilot-operated check valves disposed in fluid communication between the at least one control valve and the hydraulic actuator.
  • a stage tank can be disposed with the at least one choke and can receive the return of the remote hydraulic power from the at least one control valve.
  • a pump in fluid communication with the stage tank can be operable to pump the return from the stage tank.
  • the at least one control valve can be electrically operable between a first state of no flow, a second state of parallel flow, and a third state of cross flow between the supply and the return with the at least one hydraulic actuator.
  • a controller can control operation of at least the at least one control valve.
  • the assembly can have at least one choke, at least one hydraulic actuator, and at least one control valve.
  • the assembly can have at least two ( e . g ., two or more) chokes.
  • At least two hydraulic actuators can be disposed respectively with the at least two chokes to actuate operation of the respective chokes in response to hydraulic power.
  • At least two control valves can be disposed respectively with the at least two chokes. The at least two control valves can control supply of the remote hydraulic power respectively to the at least two hydraulic actuators and can control return of the remote hydraulic power respectively from the at least two hydraulic actuators.
  • a first juncture disposed with the at least two chokes can split a common supply line of the supply to at least two supply legs connected respectively to the at least two control valves.
  • a second juncture disposed with the at least two chokes can combine at least two return legs connected respectively from the at least two control valves to a common return line of the return.
  • the assembly can further include a source of the remote hydraulic power having a supply line and a return line.
  • the at least one choke, the at least one hydraulic actuator, and the at least one control valve can be disposed away from the source of the remote hydraulic power.
  • a first skid can have the source, while a second skid can have the at least one choke, the at least one hydraulic actuator, and the at least one control valve disposed thereon.
  • the source can include a reservoir and a pump.
  • the reservoir is coupled to the return line
  • the pump is coupled to the reservoir and the supply line and is operable to provide the hydraulic power via the supply line.
  • the source can also have an accumulator accumulating the supply of the remote hydraulic power.
  • a method is used with a remote source of hydraulic power to control flow of wellbore fluid in a drilling system, according to appended claim 14.
  • Disposing the at least one hydraulic actuator and the at least one control valve with the at least one choke can involve disposing them together on a skid.
  • the method can further include disposing at least one accumulator with the at least one choke, and accumulating the supply of the hydraulic power upstream of the at least one control valve.
  • the method can further include disposing a pair of pilot-operated check valves in fluid communication between the at least one control valve and the hydraulic actuator, and controlling the supply and the return with the pair of pilot-operated check valves.
  • the method can further include receiving the return of the hydraulic power from the at least one control valve at a stage tank disposed with the at least one choke, and pumping the return from the stage tank to the remote source with a pump disposed with the at least one choke.
  • disposing the at least one hydraulic actuator and the at least one control valve with the at least one choke can involve housing the at least one control valve to the hydraulic actuator. Also, controlling with the at least one control valve can include electrically operating the at least one control valve between a first state of no flow, a second state of parallel flow, and a third state of cross flow between the supply and return with the at least one hydraulic actuator.
  • Systems and methods disclosed herein can be used to control one or more hydraulic chokes in a managed pressure drilling system.
  • teachings of the present disclosure can apply equally to other types of controlled pressure drilling systems, such as other MPD systems (Pressurized Mud-Cap Drilling, Returns-Flow-Control Drilling, Dual Gradient Drilling, etc.) as well as to Underbalanced Drilling (UBD) systems, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure.
  • MPD Pressure Mud-Cap Drilling, Returns-Flow-Control Drilling, Dual Gradient Drilling, etc.
  • UBD Underbalanced Drilling
  • a hydraulic power unit 120 includes a hydraulic reservoir 122, one or more hydraulic pumps 124, and necessary piping, fittings and valves. These components can be housed together on a skid or manifold.
  • a supply line 125A from the pumps 124 communicates the hydraulic power to the choke unit 100 positioned some distance away from the power unit 120.
  • a return line 125B from the control unit 100 returns the hydraulics to the reservoir 122.
  • Each choke 110A-B is actuated by a hydraulic actuator 112A-B controlled by one of the hydraulic choke control valves 140A-B located with the choke 110A-B.
  • the independent control valves 140A-B are used to mitigate differences in the chokes 110A-B and provide independent feedback control of the chokes 110A-B.
  • Pilot-actuated check valves 142 can be disposed between the control valves 140A-B and the chokes' actuators 112A-B, as shown in Fig 6 .
  • These components of the choke unit 100 can be housed together on a skid or manifold.
  • the control valve 140A-B typically has three settings, such as a closed setting closing off both supply and return lines 125A-B, an open setting permitting parallel flow through the lines 125A-B, and a cross-setting that switches the flow direction between the lines 125A-B.
  • the control valves 140A-B can be operated by solenoid valves or the like with control signals from control lines A and B of the controller 40, as noted herein.
  • the hydraulic power directed by the control valve 140A-B operates the respective hydraulic actuators 112A-B for the chokes 11 0A-B.
  • the supply line 125A communicates hydraulic power from the power unit 120 to a supply splitter 127A, which splits the communication to parallel supply legs 129A connected to the control valves 140A-B. Conversely, parallel return legs 129B connect from the control valves 140A-B to a return splitter 127B, which combines the communication to the return line 125B.
  • any hydraulic hoses used for the flow-paths can elastically expand ( i . e ., expand diametrically) as the hydraulic pressure increases and can elastically contract ( i . e ., contract diametrically) as the hydraulic pressure decreases.
  • measurable increases and decreases in hydraulic fluid volume can occur due to the pressure changes and can exaggerate or reduce the responsiveness of the choke actuators.
  • each hydraulic choke control valve 140A-B can be arranged such that the lengths of hydraulic lines 129A-B after the splitters 127A-B to the control valves 140A-B can match and the number of fittings between the splitters 127A-B and each choke 110A-B can be the same.
  • the hydraulic lines 125A-B from the power unit 120 to the splitters 127A-B do not necessarily need a matching length and the like, although they could.
  • each choke actuator 112A-B having the control valves 140A-B located directly adjacent to each choke actuator 112A-B allows the one main supply line 125A and matching supply legs 129A after the supply splitter 127A to be used to operate both the chokes 110A-B.
  • the single hydraulic supply line 125A splits off with the supply splitter or juncture 127A at or near the location of the chokes 140A-B to the matching supply legs 129A so that the hydraulic losses to each choke 110A-B can be relatively equal.
  • This split arrangement of the return legs 129B, return splitter 127B, and the single return line 125B can also be used for the hydraulic returns of the chokes 110A-B to the power unit 120.
  • the arrangement of lines 125A-B, splitters 127A-B, and split legs 129A-B in this manner can make any potential hydraulic losses between each choke 110A-B and the hydraulic power relatively the same.
  • one or more accumulators 126 can be located with the chokes 110A-B instead of being located at the power unit 120. With the accumulators 126 located in this way, the hydraulic response time for the set of two or more chokes 110A-B can be reduced. Using the accumulator(s) 126 can also minimize the response time should the choke unit 100 use a single choke 110.
  • any potential wave pules generated by the pumps 124 can be dampened, which can improve the choke response.
  • a damper such as a biased piston, could be added downstream of the one or more pumps 124.
  • the particular type of pump 124 used can further reduce any potential pulses.
  • the common supply line 125A which can use larger or more rigid tubing, to deliver hydraulic fluid near the chokes 11 0A-B before splitting at the splitter 127 to supply the dual control valves 140A-B and choke actuators 112A-B can reduce effects of tubing oscillation in the hydraulic system.
  • having shorter lines of communication after the accumulator 126 can reduce the total volume of hydraulic fluid between the accumulator 126 and chokes' actuators 112A-B, thus providing faster response.
  • one accumulator 126 can couple to both the return and the supply. Connection of the accumulator 126 to the return may allow for bleed down of the accumulator 126 and may not be needed.
  • the use of two accumulators 126, one for each of the split legs 129A-B may help improve the chokes' response times by shortening the distance between the stored energy and the hydraulic actuators 112A-B. Having two smaller accumulators 126 compared to a single larger one may also allow for different space requirements on the skid or manifold for the choke unit 100. If human intervention is required to bypass the chokes 110A-B, it may be facilitated by having the accumulator 126 close to the chokes 110A-B since the accumulator 126 needs to be isolated before the choke 110A-B is manually bypassed.
  • lighter components can be used in the solenoid of the control valve 140 to improve its response.
  • Quick disconnects can be used for the various couplings and fittings in the hydraulic system. If the quick disconnect affects the choke's response, this could be mitigated by moving the quick disconnect to just upstream of the actuators 112A-B.
  • each actuator 112A-B and choke 110A-B can be integrated as a unit. This makes sense from an assembly standpoint since different choke-actuator combinations are not typically used.
  • Figure 2A shows an arrangement where the hydraulic power unit 120 can be implemented as one skid or manifold that couples by the lines 125A-B to the choke unit 100 implemented as another skid or manifold having dual chokes 110A-B and the other components.
  • the hydraulic power unit 120 can be implemented as one skid or manifold that couples by the lines 125A-B to the choke unit 100 implemented as another skid or manifold having dual chokes 110A-B and the other components.
  • the hydraulic power unit 120 can be implemented as one skid or manifold that couples by the lines 125A-B to the choke unit 100 implemented as another skid or manifold having dual chokes 110A-B and the other components.
  • the hydraulic power unit 120 can operate a single choke 110, which can be housed on another skid.
  • the hydraulic power unit 120 includes the hydraulic reservoir 122, the one or more hydraulic pumps 124, the accumulator 126, and necessary piping, fittings, and valves. These components can be housed together on a skid or manifold.
  • First supply and return lines 123A from the pumps 124 communicate the hydraulic power and returns between the power unit 120 and the choke unit 100 positioned some distance away from the power unit 120.
  • second supply and return lines 123B communicate the hydraulic power and returns between the power unit 120 and the choke unit 100.
  • Each choke 110A-B is actuated by its hydraulic actuator 112A-B controlled by one of the hydraulic choke control valves 140A-B located with the choke 110A-B.
  • the localized control valves 140A-B are used to mitigate differences in the chokes 11 0A-B and provide independent feedback control of the chokes 11 0A-B.
  • Pilot-actuated check valves 142 can be disposed between the control valves 140A-B and the chokes' actuators 112A-B.
  • FIGs 3-5 schematically illustrate additional arrangements hydraulic power units 120 and choke units 100 according to the present disclosure.
  • the hydraulic power unit 120 includes a tank or reservoir 122, a pump 124, and an accumulator 126. These components are implemented on a skid or manifold for the unit 120 and connect by supply and return lines 125A-B to the choke unit 100, which can be housed on a separate skid or manifold.
  • the choke unit 100 includes a choke 110, a hydraulic actuator 112, and a control valve 140. Pilot-operated check valves 142 may be used between the control valve 140 and the choke's actuator 112. This arrangement places the hydraulic switching of hydraulic power from the power unit 120 at, near, or on the choke 110 of the choke unit 100, which can have a number of benefits as disclosed herein.
  • Figure 4 shows a similar arrangement to Figure 3 except that the choke unit 100 includes the accumulator 126 on its skid near the choke 110.
  • the accumulator 126 on the supply line 125A can have a number of benefits stemming from its close proximity to the choke 110.
  • Backpressure in the hydraulic return line 125B downstream of the choke 110 can be another consideration in choke response.
  • the return tank 122 can be moved closer to the choke 110 to reduce backpressure.
  • a second tank can be added to the return to help deal with backpressure.
  • Figure 5 shows an additional arrangement in which components ( e . g ., control valve 140, actuator 112, choke 110, accumulator 126, etc.) are disposed at the choke unit 100.
  • the choke unit 100 further includes an auxiliary pump 150 and a stage tank 152 on the return from the control valve 140.
  • Expended fluid in the collection tank 152 can then be pumped by the auxiliary pump 150 to the reservoir tank 122 on the hydraulic power unit 120 via the return line 125B.
  • the stage tank 152 can include a level sensor 154.
  • the auxiliary pump 150 can pump fluid back to the unit's main tank 122. Since the distance along the return line 125B can be quite long (e.g., 3.66 m (12 ft), or so), use of the auxiliary pump 150 and collection tank 152 can facilitate the travel of the expelled fluid back to the reservoir tank 122 by reducing the line friction and any potential backpressure that the expelled fluid might otherwise encounter.
  • stage tank 152 as in Figure 5 immediately downstream of the choke 110 can improve sluggish choke response.
  • the hydraulic fluid from the choke actuator 112 can empty directly at atmospheric pressure into the stage tank 152 to then be pumped back by the auxiliary pump 150. This can eliminate the extended and closed return line typically used to return expelled fluid to the hydraulic power unit 120.
  • sluggish choke response can be caused by backpressure in both the supply and return of the hydraulic power.
  • integrating hydraulic components closer to choke 110 and its actuator 112 can improve the sluggish choke response and improve operation. With that said, some of these hydraulic components can be affixed to, integrated into, or otherwise made part of the choke 110 and its actuator 112.
  • Figure 6 shows an arrangement of a control valve 140, a hydraulic actuator 112, and a choke 110 for the choke unit 100.
  • the supply line 125A and return line 125B couple by fittings 162 to an adapter or housing 160.
  • the housing 160 can hold the control valve 140 and its related components, such as the pilot-actuated check valves 142 and solenoid (not shown).
  • the supply line 125A can include an accumulator 126 that is mounted on the choke unit 100 near the choke 110.
  • the return line 125B can couple to the collection tank 152 and auxiliary pump 150 as before to return expended hydraulics from the choke 110.
  • the housing 160 can be affixed to or incorporated into the hydraulic actuator 112 for the choke 110.
  • the housing 160 can be sealed in communication with hydraulic ports 114 of the hydraulic actuator 112 using gaskets, seals, etc.
  • the housing 160 can be used to retrofit or integrate with an existing choke actuator and can be configured to do so in a number of ways.
  • the hydraulic actuator 112 for the choke 110 can be a worm gear actuator.
  • High-pressure fluid communicated from the control valve 140 to a first port 114A can rotate the worm gear to close the choke 110 while low-pressure fluid is expelled from a second port 114B.
  • high-pressure fluid communicated from the control valve 140 to the second port 114B can rotate the worm gear to open the choke 110 while low-pressure fluid is expelled from the first port 114A.
  • the control valve 140 directs the high-pressure fluid from the supply line 125A and returns the low-pressure fluid to the return line 125B.

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Claims (18)

  1. Ensemble utilisé avec de la puissance hydraulique à distance communiquée entre une unité de puissance (120) et une unité de duse(s) (100) via une ligne d'alimentation (125A) et une ligne de retour (125B) pour commander un écoulement de fluide de puits de forage dans un système de forage, l'unité de puissance (120) étant positionnée à une certaine distance de l'unité de duse(s) (100), l'ensemble comprenant :
    au moins une duse (110) disposée au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) et pouvant être mise en fonctionnement pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de puits de forage vers d'autres parties du système de forage (10) ;
    au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) disposé avec l'au moins une duse (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) et mettant en fonctionnement l'au moins une duse (110) en réponse à la puissance hydraulique à distance ; et
    au moins une soupape de commande (140) disposée avec l'au moins une duse (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100), l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) commandant une alimentation de la puissance hydraulique à distance depuis l'unité de puissance (120) jusqu'à l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) via la ligne d'alimentation (125A) et commandant un retour de la puissance hydraulique à distance depuis l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) jusqu'à l'unité de puissance (120) via la ligne de retour (125B).
  2. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un élément parmi :
    un châssis mobile qui loge l'unité de duse(s) (100) comportant au moins une duse (110), l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) disposés au-dessus de celui-ci ;
    au moins un accumulateur (126) localisé avec l'au moins une duse (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) et couplé à l'alimentation en amont de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) ;
    un logement comportant l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) et étant connecté à l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (120) ; et
    un dispositif de commande (40) qui commande le fonctionnement d'au moins l'au moins une soupape de commande (40).
  3. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) couple l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) avec une paire de valves anti-retour à commande par pilote (142) disposées en communication de fluide entre l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) et l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112).
  4. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre :
    une citerne d'étage (152) localisée avec l'au moins une duse (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) et recevant le retour de la puissance hydraulique à distance en provenance de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) ; et
    une pompe d'étage (150) en communication de fluide avec la citerne d'étage (152) et pouvant être mise en fonctionnement pour pomper le retour en provenance de la citerne d'étage (152).
  5. Ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) peut être mise en fonctionnement électriquement entre un premier état d'absence d'écoulement, un deuxième état d'écoulement parallèle et un troisième état d'écoulement de croisement entre l'alimentation et le retour avec l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112).
  6. Ensemble selon la revendication 5, dans lequel :
    l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) comprend un actionneur à vis sans fin, comprenant des premier et second orifices hydrauliques (114A-B) configurés pour faire fonctionner l'au moins une duse (110) en réponse à la puissance hydraulique à distance communiquée avec les premier et second orifices hydrauliques (114A-B) ;
    l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) dans le premier état fermant à la fois les lignes d'alimentation (125A) et de retour (125B) ;
    l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) dans les deuxième et troisième états connecte l'alimentation (125A) de la ligne d'alimentation et le retour (125B) de la ligne de retour (125B) de la puissance hydraulique à distance aux premier et second orifices hydrauliques (114A-B) ;
    l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) dans le deuxième état d'écoulement parallèle pour fermer l'au moins une duse (110) est configurée pour commander l'alimentation de la puissance hydraulique à distance depuis la ligne d'alimentation (125A) jusqu'au premier orifice hydraulique (114A) de l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et est configurée pour commander le retour de la puissance hydraulique à distance depuis le second orifice hydraulique (114B) de l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) vers la ligne de retour (125B) jusqu'à la seconde localisation à distance ; et
    l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) dans le troisième état d'écoulement de croisement pour ouvrir l'au moins une duse (110) est configurée pour faire se croiser l'alimentation de la ligne d'alimentation (125A) et le retour de la ligne de retour (125B) par rapport aux premier et second orifices hydrauliques (114A-B).
  7. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'au moins une duse (110) comprend deux duses ou plus (110) pouvant être mises en fonctionnement pour commander l'écoulement du fluide de puits de forage vers les autres parties du système de forage (10) ;
    dans lequel l'au moins actionneur hydraulique (112) comprend deux actionneurs hydrauliques ou plus (112) respectivement disposés au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) avec les deux duses ou plus (110) et la mise en fonctionnement des duses respectives (110) en réponse à la puissance hydraulique à distance ; et dans lequel l'au moins une soupape de commande (112) comprend deux soupapes de commande ou plus (112) respectivement disposées au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) avec les deux duses ou plus (110), les deux soupapes de commande ou plus (112) commandant l'alimentation de la puissance hydraulique à distance respectivement vers les deux actionneurs hydrauliques ou plus (112) et commandant le retour de la puissance hydraulique à distance respectivement depuis les deux actionneurs hydrauliques ou plus (112).
  8. Ensemble selon la revendication 7, comprenant :
    une première jonction localisée avec les deux duses ou plus (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) et séparant la ligne d'alimentation (125A) de l'alimentation selon deux branches d'alimentation ou plus (129A) respectivement connectées aux deux soupapes de commande ou plus (110) ; et
    une seconde jonction (127B) localisée avec les deux duses ou plus (110) et combinant deux branches de retour ou plus (129B) respectivement connectées depuis les deux soupapes de commande ou plus (110) à la ligne de retour (125B) du retour.
  9. Ensemble selon la revendication 7, comprenant en outre au moins un accumulateur localisé avec les deux duses ou plus (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) et couplé à l'alimentation en amont des deux soupapes de commande ou plus (100),
    dans lequel les deux soupapes de commande ou plus (110) chacune se couple à l'actionneur hydraulique respectif (112) avec une paire de valve anti-retour à commande par pilote (142) disposées en communication de fluide entre la chaque soupape de commande (11) et l'actionneur hydraulique respectif (112).
  10. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une source (120) de la puissance hydraulique à distance disposée sur l'unité de puissance hydraulique à distance (120) et comportant une ligne de retour (125B), dans lequel l'au moins une duse (110), l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) sont disposés au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) à distance de la source (120) de la puissance hydraulique à distance, dans lequel la source comprend :
    un réservoir (122) couplé à la ligne de retour (125B) ; et
    une pompe de source (124) couplée au réservoir (122) et à la ligne d'alimentation (125A), la pompe de source (124) pouvant être mise en fonctionnement pour fournir la puissance hydraulique via la ligne d'alimentation (125A).
  11. Ensemble selon la revendication 10, comprenant en outre :
    une citerne d'étage (152) localisée avec l'au moins une duse (110) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) et recevant le retour de la puissance hydraulique à distance depuis l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) ; et
    une pompe d'étage (150) en communication de fluide avec la citerne d'étage (152) et pouvant être mise en fonctionnement pour pomper le retour depuis la citerne d'étage (152) jusqu'à la source (120).
  12. Ensemble selon la revendication 10, dans lequel la source comprend un accumulateur (126) qui accumule l'alimentation de la puissance hydraulique à distance.
  13. Ensemble selon la revendication 10, comprenant un premier châssis mobile logeant l'unité de puissance (120) comportant la source (120) ; et un second châssis mobile logeant l'unité de duse(s) (100) comportant l'au moins une duse (110), l'au moins une duse (110), l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) disposés au-dessus de celui-ci.
  14. Procédé utilisé avec une source à distance de puissance hydraulique communiquée entre une unité de puissance (120) et une unité de duse(s) (100) via une ligne d'alimentation (125A) pour commander un écoulement de fluide de puits de forage dans un système de forage (10), l'unité de puissance étant positionnée à une certaine distance de l'unité de duse(s) (100), le procédé comprenant :
    la disposition d'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et d'au moins une soupape de commande (140) sur l'unité de duse(s) (100) avec au moins une duse (110) ;
    la commande de l'écoulement du fluide de puits de forage vers d'autres parties du système de forage (10) en faisant fonctionner l'au moins une duse (110) avec l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) ; et
    la mise en fonctionnement de l'actionneur hydraulique avec la puissance hydraulique communiquée entre l'unité de puissance hydraulique (120) et l'unité de duse(s) (100) en
    commandant, avec l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) disposée sur l'unité de duse(s) (100), une alimentation de la puissance hydraulique depuis la source à distance sur l'unité de duse(s) (100) vers l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique disposé sur l'unité de duse(s) (100), et
    commandant, avec l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) disposée sur l'unité de duse(s) (100), un retour de la puissance hydraulique vers la source à distance disposée sur l'unité de puissance hydraulique (120) depuis l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) disposé sur l'unité de duse(s) (100).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, dans lequel la disposition de l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) avec l'au moins une duse (110) comprend leur disposition ensemble sur un châssis mobile pour l'unité de duse(s) (100) ; ou
    dans lequel la disposition de l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) avec l'au moins une duse (110) sur l'unité de duse(s) (100) comprend le logement de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) sur l'actionneur hydraulique (112).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 14, comprenant en outre une action parmi :
    la disposition d'au moins un accumulateur (126) au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) avec l'au moins une duse (11) et l'accumulation de l'alimentation de puissance hydraulique en amont de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) ;
    la disposition d'une paire de valves anti-retour à commande par pilote (142) en communication de fluide entre l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) et l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) et la commande de l'alimentation et du retour avec la paire de valves anti-retour à commande par pilote ; et
    la réception du retour de la puissance hydraulique en provenance de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) au niveau d'une citerne d'étage (152) disposée au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) avec l'au moins une duse (110), et
    le pompage du retour depuis la citerne d'étage (152) jusqu'à la source à distance avec une pompe disposée au niveau de l'unité de duse(s) (100) avec l'au moins une duse (110).
  17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, dans lequel la commande avec l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) comprend la mise en fonctionnement électrique de l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) entre un premier état d'absence d'écoulement, un deuxième état d'écoulement parallèle et un troisième état d'écoulement de croisement entre l'alimentation et le retour avec l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique.
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17,
    dans lequel l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) comprend un actionneur à vis sans fin, comprenant des premier et second orifices hydrauliques (114A-B) configurés pour la mise en fonctionnement de l'au moins une duse (110) en réponse à la puissance hydraulique à distance communiquée avec les premier et second orifices hydrauliques (114A-B) ;
    dans lequel la commande comprend :
    la commande, avec l'au moins une soupape de commande (140) disposée sur l'unité de duse(s) (100) dans le deuxième état d'écoulement parallèle pour fermer l'au moins une duse (110), de l'alimentation de la puissance hydraulique via la ligne d'alimentation (125A) depuis la source à distance jusqu'au premier orifice hydraulique (114A) de l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112), et la commande du retour de la puissance hydraulique via la ligne de retour (125B) jusqu'à la source à distance depuis l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112) ; et
    la commande, avec l'au moins une soupape de commande dans le troisième état d'écoulement de croisement pour ouvrir l'au moins une duse (110), de l'alimentation de la puissance hydraulique via la ligne d'alimentation (125A) depuis la source à distance jusqu'au second orifice hydraulique (114B) de l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (112), et la commande du retour de la puissance hydraulique jusqu'à la source à distance via la ligne de retour (125B) depuis l'au moins un actionneur hydraulique (140).
EP16701218.6A 2015-01-05 2016-01-05 Réglage de multiples duses hydrauliques en forage sous pression régulée Active EP3242991B1 (fr)

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