EP3240647A1 - Chamber for an electrohydraulic forming device - Google Patents

Chamber for an electrohydraulic forming device

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Publication number
EP3240647A1
EP3240647A1 EP15820177.2A EP15820177A EP3240647A1 EP 3240647 A1 EP3240647 A1 EP 3240647A1 EP 15820177 A EP15820177 A EP 15820177A EP 3240647 A1 EP3240647 A1 EP 3240647A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
tank
electrode
electro
hydroforming device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15820177.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3240647B1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Avrillaud
Samuel FERREIRA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ADM28 SARL
Original Assignee
ADM28 SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ADM28 SARL filed Critical ADM28 SARL
Publication of EP3240647A1 publication Critical patent/EP3240647A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3240647B1 publication Critical patent/EP3240647B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
    • B21D26/12—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves initiated by spark discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/027—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a chamber for electro-hydroforming device.
  • Electro-hydroforming devices are increasingly used for the production of mechanical parts. Indeed, this forming technology makes it possible to obtain pieces of relatively complex appearance while controlling production costs. For example, the automotive and aerospace industries use such technologies.
  • a hydroforming process is a process of manufacture by deformation. It allows the plastic deformation of a metal part of a relatively small thickness. To achieve this deformation, a fluid is used which, when pressurized, allows the deformation of said piece on a mold. Several techniques are used to pressurize the fluid.
  • electro-hydroforming process One of the processes used is a so-called electro-hydroforming process. This process is based on the principle of an electric discharge in the fluid stored in a tank. The amount of electric energy released generates a pressure wave whose propagation in the fluid allows the plastic deformation of the mechanical part against the mold. To do this, electrodes positioned in the fluid are adapted to release an electrical charge stored in energy storage capacities.
  • US-6,591,649 discloses an electro-hydroforming device comprising a substantially elliptical shaped vessel closed by a mold, a workpiece and a set of electrodes coupled to an electrical energy storage device adapted to generate a pressure wave.
  • This pressure wave of relatively high power, strikes both the workpiece and the tank of the electro-hydroforming device.
  • repeated shocks can, on the one hand, cause wear premature tank and on the other hand generate problems of weld failure on some parts of the electroforming device.
  • US2010 / 0154502 discloses a method and apparatus for rapidly producing medical housings.
  • the rapid formation of these housings is achieved by creating a pressure wave in a liquid contained in an enclosure.
  • An impression and a part to be deformed are arranged on the path of the pressure wave in the chamber and the pressure wave comes to marry the piece to deform the contours of the impression.
  • stiffeners can be installed outside the walls which increases their rigidity while controlling the thickness thereof.
  • this technological solution does not offer satisfactory results.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electro-hydroforming device comprising a vessel whose reliability is improved compared to the devices of the prior art while reducing the mass thereof and maintaining a very good efficiency of forming.
  • the present invention will advantageously provide an electro-hydroforming device having a controlled manufacturing cost.
  • the present invention provides an electro-hydroforming device having a vessel with an inner vessel wall and within which are positioned a mold, a first electrode and a second electrode.
  • a first free reflector is placed in the vessel and surrounds the mold, the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the reflector is free because it is not rigidly connected to the tank and / or to the elements integral with the tank. It is mounted in the tank so to be able to move in relation to this one. Of course, these trips must be limited and controlled.
  • the tank is less stressed by pressure waves caused by the triggering of an electric arc between the first electrode and the second electrode. Indeed, the pressure waves are reflected in large part by the first reflector, which limits the bias of the inner vessel wall.
  • the first reflector is for example of cylindrical shape.
  • the section of this cylindrical shape then depends for example on the part to be formed.
  • this first reflector will be circular cylindrical.
  • the first reflector is positioned concentrically with respect to the mold, the shape of which generally corresponds to that of the part to be formed.
  • the first reflector is preferably composed of a metal or a metal alloy.
  • a second reflector is preferably placed substantially parallel to a cover between the first electrode and said cover.
  • the second reflector has for example a disc shape for better confinement of the pressure waves when the first reflector is of circular cylindrical shape.
  • the second reflector is connected to the cover for example by connecting means in the form of dampers.
  • the second reflector can move in at least one degree of freedom with respect to the cover.
  • a space separates the inner wall of the tank from an outer reflector wall of the first reflector and is filled with the same fluid as the tank, which allows the tank to be exposed less to the pressure waves during a forming process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional schematic view of an electro-hydroforming device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of an electro-hydroforming device according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electro-hydroforming device 2 comprising a frame 4, a tank 6, a mold 10, a first electrode 11, a second electrode 12 and a first reflector 14.
  • the frame 4 is adapted to support and hold the tank 6 on a base 16 which may be for example metal or concrete.
  • the frame 4 meanwhile can be made of a metal or a metal alloy such as hardened steel.
  • the tank 6 is adapted to receive and contain a fluid 8 which is in our example water.
  • a lid 30 is placed on the tank 6 and is fixed by means of suitable fastening means (not shown in the figures) to hold the lid 30 on the tank 6 during the execution of a forming process. Also, a seal 32 between an edge of the tank 6 and an edge of the lid 30 is used.
  • the mold 10 is preferably centered on the vertical axis of symmetry AA 'of the tank 6. It has an indentation 24 fixed to a mold support 22 by means of screws for example.
  • the mold 10 comprises an internal pipe 27 coupled to a pumping device (not visible in the figures) making it possible to obtain a desired vacuum under a workpiece 26.
  • a pumping device not visible in the figures
  • a fastening device 28 is positioned facing the mold 10 and allows holding in a desired position of the workpiece 26.
  • the first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12 are positioned in the tank 6, preferably on the vertical axis of symmetry A-A '. They are adapted to generate at least one electric arc in the fluid 8.
  • the first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12 are spaced apart by an adjustable interelectrode space (FIG. 1).
  • the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are held in the tank 6 by means of a rod 29 (FIG. 1) fixed to the cover 30.
  • the rod 29 has an adjustable length making it possible to control a distance between the mold 10 and the second electrode 12.
  • the generation of an electric arc between the first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12 allows the creation in the fluid 8 of pressure waves called direct pressure waves to deform the workpiece 26.
  • the direct pressure waves are propagate concentrically with respect to the inter-electrode space (represented by continuous line arrows in FIG. 1).
  • the first reflector 14 is positioned in the tank 6 and is preferably of cylindrical shape. It has a diameter adapted to surround the mold 10, as well as the first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12.
  • the first reflector 14 has an inner reflector wall 34 and an outer reflector wall 36.
  • the first reflector 14 is free to movements in the vessel 6 and can move in a controlled manner therein in at least one degree of freedom. In addition, it must be rigid enough to withstand pressure waves and reflect them. It is made for example of a metal or a metal alloy and it has for example a thickness of about 3cm.
  • the diameter of the first reflector 14 is such that a space 38 (FIG. 1) is present between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer reflector wall 36 of the first reflector 14.
  • This space 38 in the embodiments of FIGS. and 2, contains the same fluid 8 as that contained in the tank 6.
  • the inner vessel wall 18 is less stressed during a forming process, to reduce its thickness.
  • shims (not shown in the figures) positioned between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer reflector wall 36 can be used to hold the first reflector 14 in the vessel 6. They are positioned on a portion and / or an upper part of the first reflector 14 by means of holding means (not shown in the figures).
  • the wedges make it possible to maintain the first reflector 14 before, during and after the forming process of the workpiece 26 in an optimal position.
  • the diameter of the first reflector 14 is substantially larger than the diameter of the mold 10 containing the workpiece 26.
  • the pressure waves are confined to a useful surface corresponding to the surface of the workpiece. form 26, optimizing the forming process.
  • the use of such a first reflector 14 makes it possible to minimize the exposure of the bottom of the tank 20, and in particular the zone of connection between the inside wall of the tank 18 and the bottom of the tank 20, to the pressure waves during a forming process, thus improving the service life of the tank 6.
  • the surface of the workpiece 26 is applied in addition to direct pressure waves pressure waves called indirect pressure waves.
  • the indirect pressure waves are the result of the reflection of a portion of the direct pressure waves on the inner reflector wall 34 and on the cover 30.
  • the pushing time on the workpiece 26 is increased allowing improve the forming process.
  • FIG. 2 has the same geometry as that disclosed in FIG.
  • an air cushion 45 filled with pressurized air is positioned in the space 38 between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer wall of the vessel.
  • Reflector 36 The air cushion 45 of synthetic material is of toric shape for example (FIG. 2) can be positioned indifferently over the entire height of the first reflector 14.
  • two air cushions 45 positioned respectively on a part high of the first reflector 14 and on a lower part of the first reflector 14 can be used to reduce the impact of the pressure waves on the tank 6 while maintaining the first reflector 14 in an optimal position, as shown in Figure 2.
  • a second disk-shaped reflector 15 having a diameter adapted to the diameter of the first reflector 14 is also noted.
  • This second reflector 15 substantially close the top of the first reflector 14 and is also immersed in the tank 6 ( Figure 2).
  • the second reflector 15 is positioned between the first electrode 1 1 and the cover 30. It is spaced from the cover 30 and is substantially parallel to the latter. It is free of movement relative to the tank 6 according to at least one degree of freedom.
  • it makes it possible to increase the inertia of the first reflector 14.
  • the space between the second reflector 15 and the lid 30 is filled with the fluid 8 of the tank 6 but may also possibly have a cushion of air maintained under pressure. Thus, damping or absorption of pressure waves by the device is improved.
  • the second reflector 15 is preferably connected to the cover 30 by suitable connecting means 44, such as for example pneumatic or elastomeric dampers. They may be arranged in an exemplary embodiment, over the entire periphery of the lid 30.
  • the space 38 between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer reflector wall 36 is filled with air that can be pressurized.
  • a circular envelope of synthetic material can store the air at a predetermined pressure and thus provide a seal between the air (contained in the circular envelope) and the water contained in the tank 6.
  • the transmission of pressure waves to the tank 6 is attenuated.
  • the tank 6 is less stressed to reduce the thickness of the tank 6 and thereby its mass.
  • supports 42 are positioned between the vessel 6 and the frame 4. They are preferably positioned on a periphery of the The thickness of the supports 42 and the material used are adapted to distribute the force of the tank 6 on the frame 4 during the forming process.
  • the present invention therefore proposes an electro-hydroforming device with at least one reflector positioned in the tank making it possible to reduce the impact of the pressure waves on the tank and thus increase its service life.
  • the presence of at least one reflector in the tank makes it possible to reduce the thickness thereof and hence its mass.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrohydraulic forming device (2) comprising a tank (6) having an inner tank wall (18), the following elements being positioned inside the tank: a mould (10), a first electrode (11) and a second electrode (12). A first free reflector (14) is placed in the tank (6) and surrounds the mould (10), the first electrode (11) and the second electrode (12).

Description

CHAMBRE POUR DISPOSITIF D'ELECTRO-HYDROFORMAGE  CHAMBER FOR ELECTRO-HYDROFORMING DEVICE
La présente invention concerne une chambre pour dispositif d'électro- hydroformage. The present invention relates to a chamber for electro-hydroforming device.
Les dispositifs d'électro-hydroformage sont de plus en plus utilisés pour la réalisation de pièces mécaniques. En effet, cette technologie de formage permet d'obtenir des pièces d'aspect relativement complexe tout en maîtrisant les coûts de production. Ainsi, les industries de l'automobile et de l'aéronautique par exemple utilisent de telles technologies.  Electro-hydroforming devices are increasingly used for the production of mechanical parts. Indeed, this forming technology makes it possible to obtain pieces of relatively complex appearance while controlling production costs. For example, the automotive and aerospace industries use such technologies.
Un procédé d'hydroformage est un procédé de fabrication par déformation. Il permet la déformation plastique d'une pièce en métal d'une épaisseur relativement faible. Pour réaliser cette déformation, un fluide est utilisé qui, lorsqu'il est mis sous pression, permet la déformation de ladite pièce sur un moule. Plusieurs techniques sont utilisées pour mettre le fluide sous pression.  A hydroforming process is a process of manufacture by deformation. It allows the plastic deformation of a metal part of a relatively small thickness. To achieve this deformation, a fluid is used which, when pressurized, allows the deformation of said piece on a mold. Several techniques are used to pressurize the fluid.
Un des procédés utilisés est un procédé dit par électro-hydroformage. Ce procédé repose sur le principe d'une décharge électrique dans le fluide stocké dans une cuve. La quantité d'énergie électrique libérée engendre une onde de pression dont la propagation dans le fluide permet la déformation plastique de la pièce mécanique contre le moule. Pour ce faire, des électrodes positionnées dans le fluide sont adaptées pour libérer une charge électrique stockée dans des capacités de stockage d'énergie.  One of the processes used is a so-called electro-hydroforming process. This process is based on the principle of an electric discharge in the fluid stored in a tank. The amount of electric energy released generates a pressure wave whose propagation in the fluid allows the plastic deformation of the mechanical part against the mold. To do this, electrodes positioned in the fluid are adapted to release an electrical charge stored in energy storage capacities.
L'utilisation d'une enceinte fermée, permet d'améliorer le formage de la pièce par rapport à un bac dépourvu de couvercle. En effet, les ondes de pression sont confinées dans l'enceinte fermée et des ondes réfléchies participent à la mise en forme de la pièce.  The use of a closed enclosure makes it possible to improve the forming of the part relative to a tray without a lid. Indeed, the pressure waves are confined in the closed chamber and reflected waves participate in shaping the workpiece.
Le brevet US-6.591 .649 présente un dispositif d'électro-hydroformage comportant une cuve de forme sensiblement elliptique fermée par un moule, une pièce à former et un jeu d'électrodes couplé à un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique adapté pour générer une onde de pression. Cette onde de pression, de puissance relativement importante, vient percuter à la fois la pièce à former et la cuve du dispositif d'électro-hydroformage. Durant des phases de production, les chocs répétés peuvent d'une part engendrer une usure prématurée de la cuve et d'autre part engendrer des problématiques de défaillance des soudures sur certaines pièces du dispositif d'électro- hydroformage. US-6,591,649 discloses an electro-hydroforming device comprising a substantially elliptical shaped vessel closed by a mold, a workpiece and a set of electrodes coupled to an electrical energy storage device adapted to generate a pressure wave. This pressure wave, of relatively high power, strikes both the workpiece and the tank of the electro-hydroforming device. During production phases, repeated shocks can, on the one hand, cause wear premature tank and on the other hand generate problems of weld failure on some parts of the electroforming device.
Le document US2010/0154502 révèle un procédé et un dispositif pour réaliser rapidement des boîtiers à usage médical. La formation rapide de ces boîtiers est réalisée en créant une onde de pression dans un liquide contenu dans une enceinte. Une empreinte et une pièce à déformer sont disposées sur la trajectoire de l'onde de pression dans l'enceinte et l'onde de pression vient faire épouser à la pièce à déformer les contours de l'empreinte.  US2010 / 0154502 discloses a method and apparatus for rapidly producing medical housings. The rapid formation of these housings is achieved by creating a pressure wave in a liquid contained in an enclosure. An impression and a part to be deformed are arranged on the path of the pressure wave in the chamber and the pressure wave comes to marry the piece to deform the contours of the impression.
Afin d'améliorer la durée de vie de la cuve, des matériaux à forte densité pouvant résister à de tels impacts sont utilisés, comme par exemple des alliages métalliques avec des épaisseurs relativement importantes. Cependant, l'utilisation de parois épaisses entraîne une augmentation significative de la masse des cuves notamment pour des cuves de grandes dimensions.  To improve the life of the tank, high density materials that can withstand such impacts are used, such as metal alloys with relatively large thicknesses. However, the use of thick walls causes a significant increase in the mass of the tanks, especially for large tanks.
Afin de réduire cette masse, des raidisseurs peuvent être installés à l'extérieur des parois ce qui permet d'augmenter leur rigidité tout en contrôlant l'épaisseur de celles-ci. Cependant, cette solution technologique n'offre pas de résultats satisfaisants.  To reduce this mass, stiffeners can be installed outside the walls which increases their rigidity while controlling the thickness thereof. However, this technological solution does not offer satisfactory results.
La présente invention a alors pour but de fournir un dispositif d'électro- hydroformage comportant une cuve dont la fiabilité est améliorée par rapport aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur tout en diminuant la masse de celle-ci et en conservant une très bonne efficacité de formage. De plus, la présente invention fournira avantageusement un dispositif d'électro-hydroformage ayant un coût de fabrication maîtrisé.  The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electro-hydroforming device comprising a vessel whose reliability is improved compared to the devices of the prior art while reducing the mass thereof and maintaining a very good efficiency of forming. In addition, the present invention will advantageously provide an electro-hydroforming device having a controlled manufacturing cost.
A cet effet, la présente invention propose un dispositif d'électro- hydroformage comportant une cuve avec une paroi intérieure de cuve et à l'intérieur de laquelle sont positionnés un moule, une première électrode et une seconde électrode. Selon la présente invention, un premier réflecteur libre est placé dans la cuve et entoure le moule, la première électrode et la seconde électrode.  For this purpose, the present invention provides an electro-hydroforming device having a vessel with an inner vessel wall and within which are positioned a mold, a first electrode and a second electrode. According to the present invention, a first free reflector is placed in the vessel and surrounds the mold, the first electrode and the second electrode.
Le réflecteur est libre car il n'est pas relié de manière rigide à la cuve et/ou aux éléments solidaires de la cuve. Il est monté dans la cuve de manière à pouvoir se déplacer par rapport à celle-ci. Bien entendu, ces déplacements doivent être limités et maîtrisés. Ainsi, grâce à la présence du premier réflecteur, la cuve est moins sollicitée par des ondes de pression provoquées par le déclenchement d'un arc électrique entre la première électrode et la seconde électrode. En effet, les ondes de pression sont réfléchies en grande partie par le premier réflecteur, ce qui permet de limiter la sollicitation de la paroi interne de cuve. The reflector is free because it is not rigidly connected to the tank and / or to the elements integral with the tank. It is mounted in the tank so to be able to move in relation to this one. Of course, these trips must be limited and controlled. Thus, thanks to the presence of the first reflector, the tank is less stressed by pressure waves caused by the triggering of an electric arc between the first electrode and the second electrode. Indeed, the pressure waves are reflected in large part by the first reflector, which limits the bias of the inner vessel wall.
Afin de répartir de manière homogène les ondes de pression, le premier réflecteur est par exemple de forme cylindrique. La section de cette forme cylindrique dépend alors par exemple de la pièce à former. Dans une variante de réalisation, ce premier réflecteur sera de forme cylindrique circulaire.  In order to evenly distribute the pressure waves, the first reflector is for example of cylindrical shape. The section of this cylindrical shape then depends for example on the part to be formed. In an alternative embodiment, this first reflector will be circular cylindrical.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le premier réflecteur est positionné concentriquement par rapport au moule dont la forme correspond généralement à celle de la pièce à former.  According to one embodiment, the first reflector is positioned concentrically with respect to the mold, the shape of which generally corresponds to that of the part to be formed.
Pour mieux résister aux ondes de pression et ainsi mieux protéger la cuve, le premier réflecteur est préférentiellement composé d'un métal ou d'un alliage métallique.  To better withstand the pressure waves and thus better protect the tank, the first reflector is preferably composed of a metal or a metal alloy.
Dans une variante de réalisation, un second réflecteur est de préférence placé sensiblement parallèlement à un couvercle entre la première électrode et ledit couvercle. Ainsi, l'inertie du dispositif selon l'invention est améliorée.  In an alternative embodiment, a second reflector is preferably placed substantially parallel to a cover between the first electrode and said cover. Thus, the inertia of the device according to the invention is improved.
Dans un souci d'amélioration des performances du dispositif, le second réflecteur présente par exemple une forme de disque permettant un meilleur confinement des ondes de pression lorsque le premier réflecteur est de forme cylindrique circulaire. Le second réflecteur est lié au couvercle par exemple par des moyens de liaison se présentant sous la forme d'amortisseurs. Ainsi, le second réflecteur peut se déplacer selon au moins un degré de liberté par rapport au couvercle.  For the sake of improving the performance of the device, the second reflector has for example a disc shape for better confinement of the pressure waves when the first reflector is of circular cylindrical shape. The second reflector is connected to the cover for example by connecting means in the form of dampers. Thus, the second reflector can move in at least one degree of freedom with respect to the cover.
Dans un exemple de réalisation, un espace sépare la paroi intérieure de cuve d'une paroi extérieure de réflecteur du premier réflecteur et est rempli d'un même fluide que la cuve, ce qui permet de moins exposer la cuve aux ondes de pression lors d'un procédé de formage. Des détails et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront mieux de la description qui suit, faite en référence au dessin schématique annexé sur lequel : In an exemplary embodiment, a space separates the inner wall of the tank from an outer reflector wall of the first reflector and is filled with the same fluid as the tank, which allows the tank to be exposed less to the pressure waves during a forming process. Details and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended schematic drawing in which:
La figure 1 est une vue schématique simplifiée en coupe transversale d'un dispositif d'électro-hydroformage selon la présente invention,  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional schematic view of an electro-hydroforming device according to the present invention,
La figure 2 est une vue schématique partielle d'un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, et  FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of another embodiment of the invention, and
La figure 3 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un dispositif d'électro- hydroformage selon un autre mode de réalisation.  Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of an electro-hydroforming device according to another embodiment.
La figure 1 montre un dispositif d'électro-hydroformage 2 comportant un bâti 4, une cuve 6, un moule 10, une première électrode 1 1 , une seconde électrode 12 et un premier réflecteur 14.  FIG. 1 shows an electro-hydroforming device 2 comprising a frame 4, a tank 6, a mold 10, a first electrode 11, a second electrode 12 and a first reflector 14.
Le bâti 4 est adapté pour supporter et maintenir la cuve 6 sur un socle 16 qui peut être par exemple en métal ou en béton. Le bâti 4 quant à lui peut être réalisé en un métal ou en un alliage métallique comme par exemple en acier trempé.  The frame 4 is adapted to support and hold the tank 6 on a base 16 which may be for example metal or concrete. The frame 4 meanwhile can be made of a metal or a metal alloy such as hardened steel.
La cuve 6 est adaptée pour recevoir et contenir un fluide 8 qui est dans notre exemple de l'eau. Préférentiellement, la cuve 6 est de forme cylindrique de hauteur déterminée et présente un axe de symétrie vertical A-A' (figure 1 ). Elle présente également une paroi intérieure de cuve 18 et un fond de cuve 20. Préférentiellement, elle est en un métal d'une épaisseur de l'ordre de 5cm (1 cm=0,01 m).  The tank 6 is adapted to receive and contain a fluid 8 which is in our example water. Preferably, the tank 6 is of cylindrical shape of determined height and has a vertical axis of symmetry A-A '(Figure 1). It also has an inner wall of vessel 18 and a bottom 20. Preferably, it is a metal with a thickness of about 5 cm (1 cm = 0.01 m).
Un couvercle 30 est placé sur la cuve 6 et est fixé à l'aide de moyens de fixation adaptés (non représenté sur les figures) pour maintenir le couvercle 30 sur la cuve 6 lors de l'exécution d'un procédé de formage. Également, un joint d'étanchéité 32 entre un bord de la cuve 6 et un bord du couvercle 30 est utilisé.  A lid 30 is placed on the tank 6 and is fixed by means of suitable fastening means (not shown in the figures) to hold the lid 30 on the tank 6 during the execution of a forming process. Also, a seal 32 between an edge of the tank 6 and an edge of the lid 30 is used.
Le moule 10 est préférentiellement centré sur l'axe de symétrie vertical A-A' de la cuve 6. Il présente une empreinte 24 fixée à un support de moule 22 à l'aide par exemple de vis. De plus, le moule 10 comporte une canalisation interne 27 couplée à un dispositif de pompage (non visible sur les figures) permettant d'obtenir un vide désiré sous une pièce à former 26. Ainsi, pendant le procédé de formage de la pièce à former 26, aucune contre-réaction (provoquée par la présence d'air entre la pièce à former 26 et l'empreinte 24) ne s'oppose à la déformation de celle-ci. Un dispositif de fixation 28 est positionné en regard du moule 10 et permet un maintien dans une position désirée de la pièce à former 26. The mold 10 is preferably centered on the vertical axis of symmetry AA 'of the tank 6. It has an indentation 24 fixed to a mold support 22 by means of screws for example. In addition, the mold 10 comprises an internal pipe 27 coupled to a pumping device (not visible in the figures) making it possible to obtain a desired vacuum under a workpiece 26. Thus, during the forming process of the workpiece to be formed 26, no feedback (caused by the presence of air between the part to form 26 and the cavity 24) does not oppose the deformation thereof. A fastening device 28 is positioned facing the mold 10 and allows holding in a desired position of the workpiece 26.
La première électrode 1 1 et la seconde électrode 12 sont positionnées dans la cuve 6, préférentiellement sur l'axe de symétrie vertical A-A'. Elles sont adaptées pour générer au moins un arc électrique dans le fluide 8. La première électrode 1 1 et la seconde électrode 12 sont espacées par un espace interélectrodes réglable (figure 1 ).  The first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12 are positioned in the tank 6, preferably on the vertical axis of symmetry A-A '. They are adapted to generate at least one electric arc in the fluid 8. The first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12 are spaced apart by an adjustable interelectrode space (FIG. 1).
La première électrode 1 1 et la seconde électrode 12 sont maintenues dans la cuve 6 à l'aide d'une tige 29 (figure 1 ) fixée au couvercle 30. La tige 29 a une longueur réglable permettant de contrôler une distance entre le moule 10 et la seconde électrode 12.  The first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are held in the tank 6 by means of a rod 29 (FIG. 1) fixed to the cover 30. The rod 29 has an adjustable length making it possible to control a distance between the mold 10 and the second electrode 12.
La génération d'un arc électrique entre la première électrode 1 1 et la seconde électrode 12 permet la création dans le fluide 8 d'ondes de pression dites ondes de pression directes afin de déformer la pièce à former 26. Les ondes de pression directes se propagent concentriquement par rapport à l'espace inter-électrodes (représentées par des flèches en trait continu sur la figure 1 ).  The generation of an electric arc between the first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12 allows the creation in the fluid 8 of pressure waves called direct pressure waves to deform the workpiece 26. The direct pressure waves are propagate concentrically with respect to the inter-electrode space (represented by continuous line arrows in FIG. 1).
Le premier réflecteur 14 est positionné dans la cuve 6 et est préférentiellement de forme cylindrique. Il présente un diamètre adapté pour entourer le moule 10, ainsi que la première électrode 1 1 et la seconde électrode 12. Le premier réflecteur 14 présente une paroi intérieure de réflecteur 34 et une paroi extérieure de réflecteur 36. Le premier réflecteur 14 est libre de mouvements dans la cuve 6 et peut se déplacer de manière contrôlé dans celle-ci selon au moins un degré de liberté. De plus, il doit être suffisamment rigide pour résister aux ondes de pression et les réfléchir. Il est réalisé par exemple en un métal ou en un alliage métallique et il présente par exemple une épaisseur de l'ordre de 3cm.  The first reflector 14 is positioned in the tank 6 and is preferably of cylindrical shape. It has a diameter adapted to surround the mold 10, as well as the first electrode 1 1 and the second electrode 12. The first reflector 14 has an inner reflector wall 34 and an outer reflector wall 36. The first reflector 14 is free to movements in the vessel 6 and can move in a controlled manner therein in at least one degree of freedom. In addition, it must be rigid enough to withstand pressure waves and reflect them. It is made for example of a metal or a metal alloy and it has for example a thickness of about 3cm.
Le diamètre du premier réflecteur 14 est tel qu'un espace 38 (figure 1 ) est présent entre la paroi intérieure de cuve 18 et la paroi extérieure de réflecteur 36 du premier réflecteur 14. Cet espace 38, dans les exemples de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, contient le même fluide 8 que celui contenu dans la cuve 6. Ainsi, la paroi intérieure de cuve 18 est moins sollicitée lors d'un procédé de formage, permettant de réduire son épaisseur. The diameter of the first reflector 14 is such that a space 38 (FIG. 1) is present between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer reflector wall 36 of the first reflector 14. This space 38, in the embodiments of FIGS. and 2, contains the same fluid 8 as that contained in the tank 6. Thus, the inner vessel wall 18 is less stressed during a forming process, to reduce its thickness.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, des cales (non représentées sur les figures) positionnées entre la paroi intérieure de cuve 18 et la paroi extérieure de réflecteur 36 peuvent être utilisées pour maintenir le premier réflecteur 14 dans la cuve 6. Elles sont positionnées sur une partie basse et/ou une partie haute du premier réflecteur 14 à l'aide de moyens de maintien (non représentés sur les figures). Ainsi, les cales permettent de maintenir le premier réflecteur 14 avant, pendant et après le processus de formage de la pièce à former 26 dans une position optimale.  In this embodiment, shims (not shown in the figures) positioned between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer reflector wall 36 can be used to hold the first reflector 14 in the vessel 6. They are positioned on a portion and / or an upper part of the first reflector 14 by means of holding means (not shown in the figures). Thus, the wedges make it possible to maintain the first reflector 14 before, during and after the forming process of the workpiece 26 in an optimal position.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, le diamètre du premier réflecteur 14 est sensiblement plus grand que le diamètre du moule 10 contenant la pièce à former 26. Ainsi, les ondes de pression sont confinées sur une surface utile correspondant à la surface de la pièce à former 26, optimisant le procédé de formage. L'utilisation d'un tel premier réflecteur 14 permet de minimiser l'exposition du fond de cuve 20, et notamment la zone de liaison entre la paroi intérieure de cuve 18 et le fond de cuve 20, aux ondes de pression lors d'un procédé de formage, améliorant ainsi la durée de vie de la cuve 6.  In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the first reflector 14 is substantially larger than the diameter of the mold 10 containing the workpiece 26. Thus, the pressure waves are confined to a useful surface corresponding to the surface of the workpiece. form 26, optimizing the forming process. The use of such a first reflector 14 makes it possible to minimize the exposure of the bottom of the tank 20, and in particular the zone of connection between the inside wall of the tank 18 and the bottom of the tank 20, to the pressure waves during a forming process, thus improving the service life of the tank 6.
En outre, la surface de la pièce à former 26 se voit appliquer en plus des ondes de pression directes des ondes de pression dites ondes de pression indirectes. Les ondes de pression indirectes sont le résultat de la réflexion d'une partie des ondes de pression directes sur la paroi intérieure de réflecteur 34 et sur le couvercle 30. Ainsi, le temps de poussée sur la pièce à former 26 est augmenté permettant d'améliorer le procédé de formage.  In addition, the surface of the workpiece 26 is applied in addition to direct pressure waves pressure waves called indirect pressure waves. The indirect pressure waves are the result of the reflection of a portion of the direct pressure waves on the inner reflector wall 34 and on the cover 30. Thus, the pushing time on the workpiece 26 is increased allowing improve the forming process.
La forme de réalisation de la figure 2 reprend la même géométrie que celle divulguée par la figure 1 . Dans cette variante, afin de diminuer l'impact des ondes de pressions sur la cuve 6, un coussin d'air 45 rempli d'air sous pression est positionné dans l'espace 38 entre la paroi intérieure de cuve 18 et la paroi extérieure de réflecteur 36. Le coussin d'air 45 en matière synthétique est de forme torique par exemple (figure 2) peut être positionné indifféremment sur toute la hauteur du premier réflecteur 14.  The embodiment of FIG. 2 has the same geometry as that disclosed in FIG. In this variant, in order to reduce the impact of the pressure waves on the tank 6, an air cushion 45 filled with pressurized air is positioned in the space 38 between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer wall of the vessel. Reflector 36. The air cushion 45 of synthetic material is of toric shape for example (FIG. 2) can be positioned indifferently over the entire height of the first reflector 14.
Il est également possible d'utiliser plusieurs coussins d'air. Par exemple, deux coussins d'air 45 positionnés respectivement sur une partie haute du premier réflecteur 14 et sur une partie basse du premier réflecteur 14 peuvent être utilisés pour diminuer l'impact des ondes de pressions sur la cuve 6 tout en maintenant le premier réflecteur 14 dans une position optimale, comme illustrée sur la figure 2. It is also possible to use several air cushions. For example, two air cushions 45 positioned respectively on a part high of the first reflector 14 and on a lower part of the first reflector 14 can be used to reduce the impact of the pressure waves on the tank 6 while maintaining the first reflector 14 in an optimal position, as shown in Figure 2.
Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 2, on remarque aussi la présence d'un second réflecteur 15 en forme de disque avec un diamètre adapté au diamètre du premier réflecteur 14. Ce second réflecteur 15 vient sensiblement fermer le haut du premier réflecteur 14 et est lui aussi immergé dans la cuve 6 (figure 2). Le second réflecteur 15 est positionné entre la première électrode 1 1 et le couvercle 30. Il est espacé du couvercle 30 et est sensiblement parallèle à ce dernier. Il est libre de mouvement par rapport à la cuve 6 selon au moins un degré de liberté. Avantageusement, il permet d'augmenter l'inertie du premier réflecteur 14.  In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the presence of a second disk-shaped reflector 15 having a diameter adapted to the diameter of the first reflector 14 is also noted. This second reflector 15 substantially close the top of the first reflector 14 and is also immersed in the tank 6 (Figure 2). The second reflector 15 is positioned between the first electrode 1 1 and the cover 30. It is spaced from the cover 30 and is substantially parallel to the latter. It is free of movement relative to the tank 6 according to at least one degree of freedom. Advantageously, it makes it possible to increase the inertia of the first reflector 14.
L'espace entre le second réflecteur 15 et le couvercle 30 est rempli du fluide 8 de la cuve 6 mais peut éventuellement aussi présenter un coussin d'air maintenu sous pression. Ainsi, l'amortissement ou l'absorption des ondes de pression par le dispositif est améliorée.  The space between the second reflector 15 and the lid 30 is filled with the fluid 8 of the tank 6 but may also possibly have a cushion of air maintained under pressure. Thus, damping or absorption of pressure waves by the device is improved.
Le second réflecteur 15 est préférentiellement lié au couvercle 30 par des moyens de liaison 44 adaptés, tels que par exemple des amortisseurs pneumatiques ou élastomères. Ils peuvent être disposés dans un exemple de réalisation, sur toute la périphérie du couvercle 30.  The second reflector 15 is preferably connected to the cover 30 by suitable connecting means 44, such as for example pneumatic or elastomeric dampers. They may be arranged in an exemplary embodiment, over the entire periphery of the lid 30.
Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, illustré sur la figure 3, l'espace 38 entre la paroi intérieure de cuve 18 et la paroi extérieure de réflecteur 36 est rempli d'air pouvant être sous pression. Dans cet exemple de réalisation, une enveloppe circulaire en matière synthétique peut stocker l'air à une pression déterminée et ainsi assurer l'étanchéité entre l'air (contenu dans l'enveloppe circulaire) et l'eau contenue dans la cuve 6. Grâce au pouvoir de déformation plus important de l'air par rapport à l'eau, la transmission des ondes de pression vers la cuve 6 est atténuée. Ainsi, la cuve 6 est moins sollicitée permettant de diminuer l'épaisseur de la cuve 6 et par là même sa masse.  In another embodiment, illustrated in Figure 3, the space 38 between the inner vessel wall 18 and the outer reflector wall 36 is filled with air that can be pressurized. In this exemplary embodiment, a circular envelope of synthetic material can store the air at a predetermined pressure and thus provide a seal between the air (contained in the circular envelope) and the water contained in the tank 6. Through the power of greater deformation of the air relative to water, the transmission of pressure waves to the tank 6 is attenuated. Thus, the tank 6 is less stressed to reduce the thickness of the tank 6 and thereby its mass.
Afin de protéger le socle 16 des vibrations éventuelles engendrées par les ondes de pression, des supports 42 (figure 3) sont positionnés entre la cuve 6 et le bâti 4. Ils sont positionnés préférentiellement sur une périphérie de la cuve 6. L'épaisseur des supports 42 ainsi que le matériau utilisé sont adaptés pour répartir l'effort de la cuve 6 sur le bâti 4 lors du procédé de formage. In order to protect the base 16 from any vibrations generated by the pressure waves, supports 42 (FIG. 3) are positioned between the vessel 6 and the frame 4. They are preferably positioned on a periphery of the The thickness of the supports 42 and the material used are adapted to distribute the force of the tank 6 on the frame 4 during the forming process.
La présente invention propose donc un dispositif d'électro- hydroformage avec au moins un réflecteur positionné dans la cuve permettant de diminuer l'impact des ondes de pression sur la cuve et ainsi augmenter sa durée de vie. De plus, la présence d'au moins un réflecteur dans la cuve permet de diminuer l'épaisseur de celle-ci et par là même sa masse.  The present invention therefore proposes an electro-hydroforming device with at least one reflector positioned in the tank making it possible to reduce the impact of the pressure waves on the tank and thus increase its service life. In addition, the presence of at least one reflector in the tank makes it possible to reduce the thickness thereof and hence its mass.
La présente invention ne se limite pas aux formes de réalisation décrites ci-dessus à titre d'exemples non limitatifs et aux formes représentées sur le dessin et aux autres variantes évoquées mais elle concerne toute forme de réalisation à la portée de l'homme du métier dans le cadre des revendications ci-après.  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of non-limiting examples and the shapes shown in the drawing and the other variants mentioned but it relates to any embodiment within the reach of the skilled person within the scope of the claims below.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) comportant une cuve (6) avec une paroi intérieure de cuve (18) et à l'intérieur de laquelle sont positionnés un moule (10), une première électrode (1 1 ) et une seconde électrode (12), An electro-hydroforming device (2) having a vessel (6) with an inner vessel wall (18) and within which is positioned a mold (10), a first electrode (1 1) and a second electrode (12),
caractérisé en ce qu'un premier réflecteur (14) libre est placé dans la cuve (6) et entoure le moule (10), la première électrode (1 1 ) et la seconde électrode (12).  characterized in that a first free reflector (14) is placed in the tank (6) and surrounds the mold (10), the first electrode (1 1) and the second electrode (12).
2. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le premier réflecteur (14) est de forme cylindrique.  2. Electro-hydroforming device (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first reflector (14) is cylindrical.
3. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier réflecteur (14) est de forme cylindrique circulaire.  3. Electro-hydroforming device (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first reflector (14) is circular cylindrical.
4. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon la revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le premier réflecteur (14) est positionné concentriquement par rapport au moule(10).  4. electro-hydroforming device (2) according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the first reflector (14) is positioned concentrically with respect to the mold (10).
5. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le premier réflecteur (14) est composé d'un métal ou d'un alliage métallique.  5. electro-hydroforming device (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first reflector (14) is composed of a metal or a metal alloy.
6. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon l'une des revendications Electro-hydroforming device (2) according to one of the claims
1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un second réflecteur (1 5) est placé sensiblement parallèlement à un couvercle (30) entre la première électrode (1 1 ) et ledit couvercle (30). 1 to 5, characterized in that a second reflector (1 5) is placed substantially parallel to a cover (30) between the first electrode (1 1) and said cover (30).
7. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon les revendications 3 et 6, caractérisé en ce que le second réflecteur (15) présente une forme de disque.  7. electro-hydroforming device (2) according to claims 3 and 6, characterized in that the second reflector (15) has a disc shape.
8. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le second réflecteur (15) est lié au couvercle par des moyens de liaison se présentant sous la forme d'amortisseurs.  8. Electro-hydroforming device (2) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the second reflector (15) is connected to the cover by connecting means in the form of dampers.
9. Dispositif d'électro-hydroformage (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en qu'un espace (38) sépare la paroi intérieure de cuve (18) d'une paroi extérieure de réflecteur (36) du premier réflecteur (14) et est rempli d'un même fluide (8) que la cuve (6).  9. Electro-hydroforming device (2) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a space (38) separates the inner vessel wall (18) from an outer reflector wall (36) of the first reflector (14) and is filled with the same fluid (8) as the tank (6).
EP15820177.2A 2014-12-29 2015-12-29 Chamber for an electrohydraulic forming device Active EP3240647B1 (en)

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FR1463410A FR3031053B1 (en) 2014-12-29 2014-12-29 CHAMBER FOR ELECTRO-HYDROFORMING DEVICE
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CN107206456A (en) 2017-09-26
EP3240647B1 (en) 2018-10-17
JP2018503517A (en) 2018-02-08
CN107206456B (en) 2019-03-08
WO2016107881A1 (en) 2016-07-07
US20170348751A1 (en) 2017-12-07
US10758960B2 (en) 2020-09-01
FR3031053B1 (en) 2017-01-27
JP6678186B2 (en) 2020-04-08

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