EP3231035B1 - Dispositif pour le transfert de signaux depuis un boîtier métallique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le transfert de signaux depuis un boîtier métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3231035B1
EP3231035B1 EP15791280.9A EP15791280A EP3231035B1 EP 3231035 B1 EP3231035 B1 EP 3231035B1 EP 15791280 A EP15791280 A EP 15791280A EP 3231035 B1 EP3231035 B1 EP 3231035B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
secondary antenna
antenna
electromagnetic waves
designed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15791280.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3231035A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Blödt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP3231035A1 publication Critical patent/EP3231035A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3231035B1 publication Critical patent/EP3231035B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2233—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in consumption-meter devices, e.g. electricity, gas or water meters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/225—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used in level-measurement devices, e.g. for level gauge measurement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • H01Q1/1214—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element through a wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble in claim 1.
  • field devices are often used that are used to determine, optimize and / or influence process variables.
  • Sensors such as level measuring devices, flow measuring devices, pressure and temperature measuring devices, conductivity measuring devices, etc., which detect the corresponding process variables level, flow rate, pressure, temperature or conductivity, are used to record process variables.
  • Actuators such as valves or pumps, via which the flow of a liquid in a pipe section or the level in a container can be changed, are used to influence process variables.
  • field devices In principle, all devices that are used close to the process and that supply or process process-relevant information are referred to as field devices.
  • field devices are also understood to mean remote I / Os (electrical interfaces), radio adapters or, in general, devices that are arranged on the field level.
  • I / Os electrical interfaces
  • radio adapters or, in general, devices that are arranged on the field level.
  • a large number of such field devices are manufactured and sold by Endress + Hauser.
  • RFID systems are used, for example, to identify field devices.
  • An RFID system consists of a transponder, which is located in a housing and contains an identifying code, and a reader for reading out this identifier.
  • An NFC system also enables an opposite information path and, for example, the transmission of one or more measured values from one or an interconnection of several field devices.
  • the disadvantage of RFID and NFC transponders is that the conductive housing of the field devices is essentially not permeable to electromagnetic waves in the area required for RFID.
  • U.S. Patent 5,453,755 describes a flat antenna system for transmitting and receiving RF signals, which consists of a large number of individual antennas.
  • the individual antennas are designed to be circular in order to transmit the signals in a circularly polarized manner.
  • US publication specification US2005 / 206530 A1 describes a sensor system for measuring electrical parameters, which can transmit data wirelessly via RF from an optionally metallic housing. A repeater must be preinstalled in the housing for this.
  • a device for the transmission of RF signals from hermetically sealed housings is in the translation of the European patent DE 699 23 805 T2 disclosed. There, a metal pin is fitted into a ceramic-based, hermetically sealed housing opening for transmission.
  • the US patent US5453755 describes a closed radial waveguide from which signals are coupled out into the free space at several points by means of wire-shaped probes in order to form a circularly polarized group antenna.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a device which can be subsequently installed and which improves the transmission of RFID or NFC signals from a metallic housing.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the invention.
  • the subject of the invention is a device according to claim 1.
  • the electromagnetic waves emitted by the primary antenna couple to the first secondary antenna inside the housing and then transmitted from the first secondary antenna to the second secondary antenna outside the housing and decoupled from the second secondary antenna.
  • the transmission from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing is carried out by means of guided shafts, the losses of which are lower than free shafts.
  • the dielectric filling material shields the electromagnetic waves radiated from the first or second secondary antenna, thereby reducing the losses. Furthermore, the filling material ensures a tightness of the housing, for example as a design with glass in a pressure-resistant field device.
  • first and second secondary antennas are held by the filler material within the cable gland, no holding means are required for the first and second secondary antennas.
  • the antenna base if the reflection point is designed as a common, plate-shaped antenna base, defines a first plane, a wall of the housing having the housing opening defining a second plane, and the first plane and the second plane being identical.
  • the distributions of the electromagnetic fields of the first and second secondary antennas only interfere with one another to a minimal extent.
  • the first and / or second secondary antenna have a length that corresponds to an integral multiple of a quarter of at least one specific wavelength. This leads to a low-loss transmission from the first to the second secondary antenna and vice versa.
  • the first and / or second secondary antenna have a length that corresponds to a quarter of at least one specific wavelength. This leads to a low-loss transmission from the first to the second secondary antenna and vice versa.
  • the first and second secondary antenna electromagnetic waves of several wavelengths are received and transmitted, which can also lie in different frequency bands. For this, the wavelengths must have an even ratio to one another.
  • the first and / or second secondary antenna are / is each rounded at an open end opposite the reflection point. In this way it is possible to generate the wavelengths of a frequency band that fit into the first and / or second secondary antenna and thereby achieve broadband capability.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a device 1 for the transmission of electromagnetic waves from a metallic housing (not shown).
  • a wall 13 of the housing has a housing opening 2 on, in which a cable gland 10 is arranged.
  • the screwed cable gland 10 is designed in the shape of a hollow cylinder and is largely arranged outside the housing.
  • a rubber seal 16 seals the cable screw connection 10 against the wall 13 in a waterproof manner.
  • a plate-shaped antenna base 12, which has a first and a second side surface, is arranged within the cable gland 10.
  • a first side surface facing outside of the housing defines a first plane 14.
  • An outer surface of the housing defines a second plane 15.
  • the first and second planes 14, 15 can be identical.
  • the filling material 11 comprises a dielectric material such as plastic, glass or ceramic.
  • a first rod-shaped secondary antenna 7 (diameter approx. 1.5 mm) is arranged on the first side surface of the antenna base 12 and points in the direction of the interior of the housing.
  • a second rod-shaped secondary antenna 8 is arranged on the second side surface of the antenna base 12 and points in the direction of the exterior of the housing.
  • the first and second secondary antennas 7, 8 have the antenna base 12 as a common antenna base 12.
  • the antenna base 12 functions as a reflection point between the first and second secondary antennas 7, 8, so that an impedance jump occurs between the first and second secondary antennas 7, 8.
  • the lengths of the first and second secondary antennas 7, 8 are chosen so that the lengths correspond to a multiple of a quarter of a wavelength of the electromagnetic waves to be transmitted (eg 2.44 GHz with Bluetooth 4.0 low energy).
  • the length of the first and second secondary antenna 7, 8 can, however, be exactly a quarter of the electromagnetic wavelength by means of which the signals are to be transmitted from the metallic housing. This is for Electromagnetic waves with a wavelength in a range of 2.4 GHz (ANT, ANT +, Bluetooth, WLAN) are particularly favorable.
  • the common antenna base 12 of the first and second antennas 7, 8 achieves a pronounced narrow-band nature of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted. This can prevent malfunctions.
  • a good impedance matching of the first secondary antenna 7 to the second secondary antenna 8 is achieved by using a thick bolt as the first or second secondary antenna 7, 8.
  • the open ends of the first or second secondary antenna are rounded off, the result is an enlarged surface and thus an improved separation of the electric field.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a first or second secondary antenna 7 at a rounded open end. If the open ends of the first and second secondary antenna are rounded off, different lengths result for the distance between the reflection point and the open ends of the first and second secondary antenna. This means that not only electromagnetic waves of a certain wavelength fit into the respective secondary antenna, but also electromagnetic waves with wavelengths that define a flowing area of a frequency band. This results in a broadband nature of the electromagnetic waves.
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of a cable gland 10, which is designed as a PG cable gland, once in the exploded view and once in the assembled view.
  • the screwed cable connection 10 has prongs 17 at an outer end which, together with a fastening nut 18, lead to a secure hold of a cable to be guided in the screwed cable connection 10 (“strain relief”).
  • a second rubber seal 19 leads to a watertight cable screw connection 10.
  • a cable bushing 10 made of plastic is attached to a housing made of metal, this represents a transmission option for waves if no cable is screwed into such a cable bushing 10.
  • the housings of field measuring devices usually have at least one housing opening in order to mount PG cable bushings.
  • Several openings in the housing offer the advantage that there are several options for introducing the cables into the field device. This is particularly important for installations in the USA, since the cabling usually has to be laid in a metal pipe (armored pipe) and these are very inflexible. It is also possible to cascade field measuring devices. This reduces the amount of cabling required.
  • Suitable bus systems are provided in the devices, for example, in order to transfer measurement data across other devices. For this purpose, the devices have connections for at least two cables.
  • One of the unused cable bushings is advantageously used for the transmission of electromagnetic waves. This has the advantage that the housing openings are already present in the existing housings and the housings do not have to be changed. Unused cable bushings can be sealed watertight with a so-called blind plug.
  • Fig. 4 shows a side view of a metallic housing of a field device with three different types of dummy plugs 20 made of plastic.
  • the dummy plugs 20 are each mounted on a metallic housing of the device or product series with the trade name Micropilot of the applicant.
  • the housing opening for electromagnetic waves is a circular waveguide.
  • the lower cutoff frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted through the housing opening is included approx. 79 GHz, ie lower frequencies cannot pass through the housing opening.
  • Usual frequencies for close-range communication are usually 2.4 GHz (WLAN, Bluetooth, ANT) or around 433 MHz, 5.6 GHz ... Frequencies that are significantly lower (e.g. NFC / RFID at 13.6 MHz) cannot pass through the housing opening.
  • a cable increases the lower transmission frequency by a factor of 2 ... 4 (significantly more with shielded cables).
  • Electromagnetic waves with frequencies above the lower transmission frequency can pass through the housing opening, but are generally strongly damped and only permeable from a frequency approx. 6 ... 10 times higher (with a housing opening with a diameter of 19 mm from 600 GHz) .
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a housing 9 with exiting and entering field lines 21 of an electric field.
  • a field distribution of the electric field lines 21 explains the effect of how the signals can be transmitted to a side of the housing 9 opposite the housing opening 2 by means of the electromagnetic waves.
  • Fig. 6 shows a sketched longitudinal section of a first and second secondary antenna 7, 8 with a reflection point 9 in between.
  • the first and second secondary antenna 7, 8 only transmit electromagnetic waves which form a standing wave in the first and second secondary antenna 7, 8. This means that an integral multiple of a quarter of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted must correspond to the lengths I1 and I2 of the first and second secondary antennas 7, 8.
  • the first and second secondary antennas 7, 8 can have different lengths I1 and I2.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif destiné à la transmission de signaux à partir d'au moins une ouverture de boîtier (2) d'un boîtier (3) au moins partiellement métallique à l'aide d'ondes électromagnétiques (4) d'au moins une longueur d'onde déterminée, lequel dispositif comprend :
    - un presse-étoupe (10) disposé dans l'ouverture de boîtier (2), au moyen duquel un câble à guider peut être fixé via un écrou de fixation (18),
    - une unité d'émission/réception (5) disposée dans le boîtier (3), destinée à générer et à recevoir les ondes électromagnétiques (4),
    - au moins une antenne primaire disposée dans le boîtier (3), laquelle antenne est destinée à découpler les ondes électromagnétiques (4) générées par l'unité d'émission/réception (5) et laquelle est destinée à coupler et à transmettre à l'unité d'émission/réception (5) les ondes électromagnétiques (4) reçues,
    - une première antenne secondaire (8) destinée à recevoir les ondes électromagnétiques découplées de l'antenne primaire, la première antenne secondaire étant disposée à l'intérieur du boîtier (3), dans le presse-étoupe (10), de telle sorte que la première antenne secondaire (8) est orientée vers l'intérieur du boîtier,
    - une deuxième antenne secondaire (7) destinée à recevoir les ondes électromagnétiques (4) émises depuis l'extérieur du boîtier (3), la deuxième antenne secondaire (7) étant disposée à l'extérieur du boîtier (3), dans le presse-étoupe (10), de telle sorte que la deuxième antenne secondaire (7) est orientée vers l'extérieur du boîtier, une zone de réflexion (9) étant disposée entre la première et la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8) de sorte qu'un saut d'impédance se produise entre la première et la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8), la zone de réflexion (9) étant conçue soit sous la forme d'un changement abrupt du diamètre de la première antenne au diamètre de la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8), soit sous la forme d'une base d'antenne (12), en forme de plaque, commune à la première et à la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8), et le presse-étoupe (10) étant au moins partiellement rempli d'un matériau de remplissage diélectrique (11) de telle sorte que la première et la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8) sont maintenues à l'intérieur du presse-étoupe (10) par le matériau de remplissage (11).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, pour lequel, dans le cas où la zone de réflexion (9) est conçue comme une base d'antenne (12) commune, en forme de plaque, la base d'antenne (12) définit un premier plan, une paroi (13) du boîtier comprenant l'ouverture de boîtier (2) définissant un deuxième plan, et le premier plan et le deuxième plan étant identiques.
  3. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, pour lequel la première et/ou la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8) présente(nt) une longueur correspondant à un multiple entier du quart de l'au moins une longueur d'onde déterminée.
  4. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, pour lequel la première et/ou la deuxième antenne secondaire (7, 8) est/sont chacune arrondie(s) à une extrémité ouverte opposée à la zone de réflexion (9).
EP15791280.9A 2014-12-11 2015-11-03 Dispositif pour le transfert de signaux depuis un boîtier métallique Active EP3231035B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014118391.6A DE102014118391A1 (de) 2014-12-11 2014-12-11 Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Signalen aus einem Metall-Gehäuse
PCT/EP2015/075542 WO2016091481A1 (fr) 2014-12-11 2015-11-03 Dispositif pour le transfert de signaux depuis un boîtier métallique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3231035A1 EP3231035A1 (fr) 2017-10-18
EP3231035B1 true EP3231035B1 (fr) 2021-08-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15791280.9A Active EP3231035B1 (fr) 2014-12-11 2015-11-03 Dispositif pour le transfert de signaux depuis un boîtier métallique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10236555B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3231035B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107004941B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014118391A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016091481A1 (fr)

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DE102017110597A1 (de) 2017-05-16 2018-11-22 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Feldgerät der Automatisierungstechnik
DE102017121036A1 (de) 2017-09-12 2019-03-14 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Feldgerät mit drahtloser Sende-/Empfangseinheit
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DE102019108359A1 (de) * 2019-03-30 2020-10-01 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Signalen aus einem zumindest teilweise metallischen für den Einsatz in einem explosionsgefährdeten Bereich ausgebildeten Gehäuse
DE102019124704A1 (de) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG Feldgerät der Automatisierungstechnik
CN110761782B (zh) * 2019-11-13 2024-02-09 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 一种用于地质导向的方位随钻核磁共振测井装置
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DE69923805T2 (de) * 1998-04-28 2005-07-14 Northrop Grumman Corp., Los Angeles Keramik-Metall Durchführungen für Millimeterwellen
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014118391A1 (de) 2016-06-16
CN107004941B (zh) 2019-11-22
EP3231035A1 (fr) 2017-10-18
US10236555B2 (en) 2019-03-19
US20180034129A1 (en) 2018-02-01
WO2016091481A1 (fr) 2016-06-16
CN107004941A (zh) 2017-08-01

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