Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
  • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
  • F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/10—Safety devices
  • F02N11/101—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/10—Safety devices
  • F02N11/108—Safety devices for diagnosis of the starter or its components
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/02—Details
  • H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
  • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
  • F02N2011/0874—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches characterised by said switch being an electronic switch

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electronic solenoid power supply control device of a thermal engine starter, particularly for road vehicles comprising a starting system and automatic shutdown.
• a starter aims, via an electric motor, setting autonomous function of a heat engine.
• a starter comprises a solenoid, which is an electromagnetic relay, mainly providing two functions when electrically powered: the closing of a contactor allowing the electric power supply of the electric motor of the starter, and the meshing of the gears of the electric motor with those of the engine to drive the latter.
• the power supply of the starter is controlled upstream by a power supply control device.
• the solenoid starter solenoid power control device must both prohibit the risk of inadvertent activation and deactivation of starter commands, while at the same time having a long life and robustness for its components. e.
• the document FR2812036 discloses an embodiment of a control device via two transistors connected in series on either side of the winding (solenoid) of a starter.
• One of the transistors is a "low side” transistor, commonly referred to as “low side”
• the other is a “high side” transistor replacing a starter contact device ( immobilizer).
• An electronic start control controls these two transistors and then allows them respectively to authorize the control and to control the solenoid of the starter.
• Such a device presents nevertheless, several disadvantages.
• the use of a "high side” type transistor is expensive and requires the presence of a charge pump, in particular for n-channel MOSFET transistors.
• control solutions by power transistors require the realization of a protection device in case of polarity reversal of their power supply, carried out as examples via diodes and / or specific power transistors, the latter must withstand currents of up to forty amperes.
• These solutions are all the more expensive that they commonly need to be integrated on silicon in a dedicated housing, such as a BICD Starter Control Interface Box.
• Another known solution consists in using an electromechanical relay controlling the eventual supply of the solenoid of the starter, the states of the relay being controlled by one or more computers.
• an electromechanical relay has in fact an electrical endurance not exceeding a few hundred thousand cycles.
• a first objective is to provide an electronic solenoid power supply control device of a starter to overcome all of the aforementioned drawbacks, in particular to meet the constraints of: reliability, service life, cost of realization and compatibility with different configurations of computers.
• a second objective is to provide a motor vehicle comprising a solenoid electronic power supply control device of a starter, meeting the objective expressed above.
• a power supply control device of a solenoid starter the device being electrically powered input by a voltage source, the device comprising a transistor of power connected in series with an electromechanical relay, the switching into a power-on state of the power transistor and the electromechanical relay providing at the output of the device a control signal, this signal controlling the power supply of the solenoid.
• the switching states of the power transistor and the electromechanical relay are respectively driven from a first command and a second command generated by at least one electronic computer, the electronic computer being configured. to generate these commands so that the electromechanical relay always switches
• the first command and the second command are transmitted as input
• a first logic gate "AND” generating at its output a control request signal of the power transistor
• an "OR" logic gate generating at its output a request signal for driving the electromechanical relay.
• this device comprises a diagnostic and protection module configured to receive in its inputs a set of information relating to the operation of the device, this information comprising a readback information at a mid-point between the power transistor and the electromechanical relay;
• the diagnostic and protection module being further configured to compare this information, and return according to the result of this comparison a diagnostic signal to the electronic computer, this signal describing the operating state of the device, the electronic computer being furthermore configured to generate the first command and the second command based on the diagnostic signal returned by the diagnostic and protection module.
• the information relating to the operation of the device received by the diagnostic and protection module comprises at least one feedback information from the power transistor, this feedback information being
• the diagnostic and protection module is furthermore configured to generate at its output a switching authorization signal of the power transistor and a switching authorization signal of the electromechanical relay, these signals being generated according to the result of the comparison of the information relating to the operation of the device.
• this device comprises a second logic gate "AND" configured to
• the switching enable signal of the power transistor o as a second input, the switching enable signal of the power transistor; generating, according to its first and second inputs, a control signal transmitted to the transistor, the control signal being able to switch the power transistor.
• this device comprises a third logic gate "AND" configured to
• generating according to its first and second inputs, a control signal transmitted to a transistor, the transistor being configured to generate from the control signal a relay control signal transmitted to the electromechanical relay, the relay control signal being suitable to switch the electromechanical relay.
• an electrical protection element is connected in series with the power transistor and the electromechanical relay.
• this device comprises
• diode for protection against the reversals of the poles of the voltage source, this diode being connected in series in the forward direction of the power transistor, between the voltage source and the input terminal of the coil of the electromechanical relay, or between the output terminal of the coil of the electromechanical relay and a ground;
• an overvoltage protection diode connected at the output of the power supply control device.
• a motor vehicle comprising a starter, the starter being electrically connected to a power supply control device as summarized above.
• the invention as further detailed with the aid of examples, relates in a synthetic manner to the use of a power transistor and an electromechanical relay with a diode at the level of the control of the coil of this one, the diagnosis, and the control logic of the relay and the transistor,
• Fig. 1 illustrates a power supply control device for a starter solenoid according to a first embodiment
• Fig. 2 illustrates a power supply control device for a starter solenoid according to a second embodiment
• Fig. 3 illustrates a power supply control device for a starter solenoid according to a third embodiment.
• Figures 1, 2 and 3 illustrate embodiments of a device 100 for controlling the power supply of a solenoid 200 of a starter 300 for starting an internal combustion engine (not shown). ).
• the starter 300 and the power supply control device 100 equip a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, for example a private vehicle, a commercial vehicle, a truck, a construction machine, with or without a start and stop system "Stop & Start". More generally, the starter 300 and the power supply control device 100 equip any motor device, for example a generator or a motor pump.
• a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, for example a private vehicle, a commercial vehicle, a truck, a construction machine, with or without a start and stop system "Stop & Start”. More generally, the starter 300 and the power supply control device 100 equip any motor device, for example a generator or a motor pump.
• the solenoid 200 power supply control device 100 of the starter 300 is electrically powered input by a voltage source 1, for example the battery of a vehicle.
• the voltage source 1 provides a potential difference between a positive terminal + connected to the power supply control device 100, and a negative terminal - connected to one or more masses 2, 3, 4, 5 (separated or in one and the same plan).
• the electrical power control device 100 of the solenoid 200 of the starter 300 is, moreover, controlled by at least one an electronic calculator 6, for example the motor control of a motor vehicle.
• control of the power supply control device 100 by one or more electronic computers 6 allows at its output, the possible sending of a control signal 7 to the solenoid 200 of the starter 300, allowing the commissioning of the latter.
• control signal 7 at the output of the power supply control device 100 is an analog signal in voltage and / or current, a digital signal, or an "all or nothing" signal.
• the starter 300 is electrically connected via its solenoid 200 to the output of the power supply control device 100 and to the voltage source 1.
• the solenoid 200 of the starter 300 is formed of a holding coil 8, a call coil 9, and a contactor 10.
• the electrical connection between the solenoid 200 and the control device 100 The power supply is commonly provided via an input terminal of the hold coil 8 and an input terminal of the call coil 9.
• the starter 300 further comprises an electric motor M and an inductor 11. connected in series with the contactor 10.
• the electric motor M is electrically connected to the inductor 11 via a first terminal 12, and to the ground 5 via a second terminal 13.
• the holding coil 8 is, moreover, electrically connected via its output terminal between the ground 5 and the second terminal 13 of the electric motor M, while the call coil 9 is electrically connected via its output terminal between the contactor 10 and the inductor 11.
• the switch 10 In the absence of electric current flow in the holding coil 8 and in the call coil 9, the switch 10 is by default in an open state and the electric motor M starter 300 is not powered electrically. In contrast, the circulation of an electric current in the holding coil 8 and in the call coil 9, generates a field and displaces a plunger (not shown).
• the displacement of this plunger core then allows both the closing of the contactor 10, therefore the electrical power supply of the electric motor M of the starter 300, as well as meshing the gears of the electric motor M with those of the internal combustion engine, thereby driving the latter.
• the control signal 7 at the output of the power supply control device 100 therefore, to control the operation of the starter 300, namely its deactivation or its use.
• the solenoid power supply control device 100 comprises a power transistor 14, 15, 16 whose output is electrically connected in series with an input terminal of a contactor 17 1 of an electromechanical relay 17 (also commonly called electromagnetic relay).
• the input of the transistor 14, 15, 16 may be connected in series with the output of the electromechanical relay 17.
• the output terminal of the contactor 17 1 of the electromechanical relay 17 is here electrically connected in series with the holding coil 8 and the solenoid coil 9 of the solenoid 200.
• the electromechanical relay 17 further comprises a coil 17_2.
• such an electromechanical relay 17 in the absence of current, is by default in an "open” state, also designated by “blocked” during this document, that is to say a state that does not allow the flow of electric current. More specifically, the switch 17 1 is by default in an "open” state, and only the flow of a current in its coil 17_2 allows the closing thereof via the creation of a magnetic field. The electromechanical relay 17 is then in an on state, also referred to as "closed” during this document, that is to say a state allowing the flow of electric current.
• the transistor 14, 15, 16 of power illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 is, for example, MOSFET type and includes an intrinsic diode D antiparallel to protect the transistor current reversals.
• the power transistor 14 is a "smart" type MOSFET power transistor, commonly referred to as “smart power” transistor.
• any other type of power transistor 14, 15, 16 can be considered for each of these figures, for example JFET or bipolar type transistors.
• control signal 7 makes it possible to control the supply of the solenoid of the starter 300, and therefore the operation of the latter, when the transistor 14, 15, 16 of power and the electromechanical relay 17 are in a state " closed "(passing), that is to say each allowing the flow of electric current through the entire device 100 of power supply control.
• the power supply control device 100 in the power supply control device 100:
• the power transistor 14, 15, 16 is driven from a first control 18 from the electronic computer 6, and allows to control the power supply of the solenoid 200 of the starter 300;
• the electromechanical relay 17 is driven from a second control 19 from the electronic computer 6 (or another computer), and makes it possible to guard against all situations of commands or untimely maintenance of the solenoid 200 power supply. of the starter 300. Such situations may, for example, occur in the event of a failure of the transistor 14, 15, 16 of power, of its control signal which would pass or remain in the "closed" state, or of inversion of the poles of the voltage source 1.
• the electromechanical relay 17 thus performs a role of electrical securing in the control device 100.
• the first command 18 and the second command 19, from the electronic computer 6 (or different computers) are sequentially generated by the computer (s) 6 electronic so that:
• the electromechanical relay 17 switches to a on state before switching to a power-on state of the power transistor 14, 15, 16;
• the electromechanical relay 17 switches to a locked state after switching to a locked state of the power transistor 14, 15, 16.
• the first control 18 and the second control 19 are "all or nothing” type signals, signals in an "active" state to the positive terminal + of the voltage source 1 or the mass 2, 3, 4, 5, or analog signals that can be conveyed via serial links (eg SPI link) or multiplexed networks (eg LIN, CAN, VAN, FLEXRAY, or ETHERNET networks).
• the electronic computer or 6 are capable of ensuring a good sequencing of the first control 18 and the second control 19, the realization of such a control logic is optional.
• a correct sequencing of the first control 18 and the second control 19, makes it possible to operate the electromechanical relay 17 as a disconnector: the latter operates without the passage of electric current during the closing or opening of the contactor 10 of solenoid 200.
• the electromechanical relay 17 switches "empty”, and sees neither the activation current peak for the control of the solenoid 200 of the starter 300 when closing the contactor 10, nor the arc Linked electric when opening the inductive circuit of the starter 300 when the contactor 10 is opened.
• the mechanical endurance of an electromechanical relay being much greater than its electrical endurance (respectively about one million cycles against a few hundred thousand)
• the use of the electromechanical relay 17 in disconnector mode limits its wear electrical, and thus make it compatible with a severe mission profile, for example a profile comprising successive start / restart cycles close together over time.
• a simple opening of the electromechanical relay 17 allows the deactivation of the solenoid 200 power supply.
• a protective diode D1 for example a small Zener diode, is electrically connected in the forward direction of the power transistor 14, 15, 16, between the voltage source 1 and the input terminal of the coil 17_2 of the electromechanical relay 17, or between the output terminal of the relay coil 17_2
• the protective diode D1 is connected between the power transistor 14, 15, 16 (which is connected to the voltage source 1) and the input terminal of the coil 17_2 of the electromechanical relay 17.
• the protective diode D1 is electrically connected between the output terminal of the coil 17_2 of the electromechanical relay 17 and a transistor controlling the power supply of the coil 17_2 of the electromechanical relay 17, which transistor control is also connected to ground 3. Such a transistor is described later.
• the protective diode D1 thus prevents the control of the electromechanical relay 17, which thus remains in an open state, and prevents the flow of current through the intrinsic diode D of the transistor 14, 15, 16 of power.
• a protection diode D2 against overvoltages may be added at the output of the power supply control device 100, here connected in parallel between the output of the electromechanical relay 17 and the ground 3.
• Such a diode is , for example, electrically connected between the output terminal of the coil 17_2 of the electromechanical relay 17 and a ground 4.
• the protective diode D2 is a freewheeling diode or a transil diode.
• Such a diode makes it possible to ensure the recirculation of the inductive current coming from the solenoid 200 when the contactor 10 is opened and protects the power supply control device 100 against overvoltages. More precisely, the protection diode D2 provides protection for the transistor 14, 15, 16 of power in a nominal case and of the electromechanical relay 17 in the dysfunctional case where the relay ensures the opening of the electrical supply of the solenoid 200.
• the control of the power transistor 14, 15, 16 ensures, via its opening (blocked state), the protection of the power supply control device 100, in particular in the event of a short circuit or overload current.
• the realization of this electrical protection depends on the transistor 14, 15, 16 of power power used.
• the power transistor 14 is a smart power transistor, that is to say, "smart power" in English.
• the smart power transistor 14 includes a set of inputs / outputs symbolized by square connectors, and electronic components 24.
• the electronic components 24 make it possible to supervise the operating state of the power transistor 14.
• the electronic components 24 there are, by way of example, sensors (or measurement circuits) of currents, voltages, temperatures, as well as logic means for monitoring the operation of the transistor.
• Such logic means in particular allow the detection of undervoltage, overvoltages, overcurrent (short circuit) or overheating for such a transistor.
• Such logical means make it possible to provide in output of the smart power transistor said “smart power” a diagnostic signal relating to the operation of said transistor.
• a diagnostic signal can be a simple status of the transistor (eg "OK status", “overvoltage detected"), an "all or nothing” status, or else a signal (digital or analog) reporting one or more information measured by the electronic components 24 in the transistor (eg current measurements).
• the power transistor 14 supplies a diagnosis and protection logic module 25 with at least one status information 26 relating to its operating state, for example a signal comprising information relating to current, voltages, and / or operating temperatures of the power transistor 14.
• the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 compares the status information 26 with preconfigured information, for example information relating to limit thresholds of currents, voltages and temperatures known to ensure or not a satisfactory operation in the transistor 14 of FIG. power, or more generally in the power supply control device 100.
• this comparison then enables the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 to develop an authorization signal 27 for switching the power transistor 14.
• the authorization signal 27 will make it possible to allow the switching of the power transistor 14 into an on state during a nominal operation, and otherwise keep it or switch it to a blocked state, for example during the detection of a situation of overheating, overvoltage or overcurrent.
• the power transistor 15 is a MOSFET transistor. Unlike FIG. 1, an external electronics of sensors (or measurement circuits) is associated with the power transistor.
• a temperature sensor ⁇ and a current sensor I are electrically connected to the power transistor 15, and return respectively to the diagnostic and protection logic module 25, temperature information 28 and an electrical current information 29 measured at the power transistor 15.
• the diagnosis and protection logic module 25 then performs a comparison of this information with respect to predefined thresholds, here of currents and temperatures, and prepares the authorization signal 27, which will allow or not the switching of the power transistor 14 into an on state during a nominal operation and in a blocked state otherwise.
• the power transistor 16 is also a MOSFET transistor.
• the power transistor 16 does not provide feedback to the diagnostic and protection logic module 25.
• the module Diagnostic and protection logic 25 still allows the generation of an authorization signal 27 for switching the power transistor 16.
• an electrical protection element 30 connected in series with the power supply device 100 is added to the power supply control device 100. the power transistor 16 and the electromechanical relay 17.
• the electrical protection element 30 is electrically connected between the voltage source 1 and the power transistor 16.
• the electrical protection element 30 is, as an example, a fuse, a thermal circuit breaker, this element being changeable or resettable, automatically or manually.
• the development of the authorization signal 27 also takes into account the following data supplied at the input of the protection diagnostic logic module 25:
• the readback information 31 is, for example, information in voltage, current or an "all or nothing" state of the electromechanical relay 17. In FIGS. 1 to 3, this information is here acquired at the midpoint between the output of the power transistor 14, 15, 16 and the input of the electromechanical relay 17, and directly returned to the diagnostic and protection logic module 25.
• the readback information 31 makes it possible to refine the identification of a malfunction that can occur in the power supply control device 100; a readback information 32 at the output of the power supply control device 100, here at the output of the electromechanical relay 17, to control its operation.
• the readback information 32 is, for example, information in voltage, current or an all or nothing state of the electromagnetic relay 17. In FIGS. 1 to 3, this information is acquired between the electromechanical relay 17 and the protection diode D2, and directly returned to the diagnostic and protection logic module 25;
• the information concerning these commands intersected with the readback information 31, 32 enables the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 to accurately identify the occurrence of a possible malfunction.
• the diagnostic and protection module 25 generates the authorization signal 27 enabling the switching of the transistor 14, 15 of power in an on state, only when the set of conditions following are present:
• the power transistor 14, 15 has currents, voltages, nominal operating temperatures
• the electromechanical relay is in an on state, this information being communicated via at least one of the replay information 31, 32;
• the first command 18 is well received by the diagnostic and protection logic module 25.
• the diagnostic and protection module 25 generates an authorization signal 33 for switching the electromechanical relay 17.
• the authorization signal 33 will allow the switching of the electromechanical relay 17 into an on state during a nominal operation, and otherwise keep it or switch it to a blocked state.
• the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 takes into account all the inputs supplied to it and compares them with each other, as well as with pre-recorded configuration data, describing a nominal case. or malfunction of the power supply control device 100.
• the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 prohibits the closing of the electromechanical relay 17 (or respectively switches it to an "open” state).
• the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 develops, moreover, a diagnostic signal 34 relating to the operating state of the power supply control device 100 .
• the diagnostic signal 34 is for example a signal describing the proper functioning of the entire device (status "OK") or a signal describing the detection of one or more failures in this device (eg at the level of transistor 14, 15, 16 power or electromechanical relay 17).
• a signal is, for example, an "all or nothing” signal, produced by an "active" state at the positive terminal of the voltage source 1 or at ground 2, 3, 4, 5, an analog signal or else a coded signal that can be conveyed via a serial link or a multiplexed network.
• the diagnostic signal 34 is generated as a function of all the inputs supplied to the diagnosis and protection module 25.
• the diagnostic signal 34 is communicated to the electronic calculator (s), so the electronic computer (s) 6 dynamically adapts the first control 18 and the second control 19 to the operation of the power supply control device 100.
• the diagnostic and protection module 25 is generated as a function of all the inputs supplied to the diagnosis and protection module 25.
• the diagnostic signal 34 is communicated to the electronic calculator (s), so the electronic computer (s) 6 dynamically adapts the first control 18 and the second control 19 to the operation of the power supply control device 100.
• the diagnostic and protection module 25 the diagnostic and protection module 25
• the diagnostic and protection module 25 identifies, from the first control 18 or the second command 19, a malfunction at the power transistor 14, 15, 16 or the electromechanical relay 17 and returns this information via the signal diagnostics 34 to the electronic calculator (s) 6. This or these then send (s) the second command 19 so as to switch the electromechanical relay 17 in a blocked state, preventing prevent inadvertently start.
• the diagnostic and protection logic module 25 is produced by a microcontroller comprising a preprogrammed set of software instructions, a comparator-type electronic assembly with one or more stages, or else via a set of logical "AND” and “OR” gates.
• FIGS. 1 to 3 and according to various embodiments
• the switching enable signal 27 of the power transistor 14, 15, 16 and the driving request signal 22 of the power transistor 14, 15 serve as input to an AND logic gate
• the switching enable signal 33 of the electromechanical relay 17 and the driving request signal 23 of the electromechanical relay 17 serve as input to an "AND” logic gate 37.
• the control signal 38 is then transmitted to a transistor 39.
• the latter then generates a relay control signal 40 directly transmitted to the electromechanical relay 17, thus making it possible to control its switching state.
• the transistor 39 is electrically connected to the coil 17_2 of the electromechanical relay 17 (and to a ground 3), the circulation of a current in this coil 17_2 allowing the relay to close.
• Transistor 39 is exemplary, a transistor "high-side"("high-side") or "low side"("low-side”) made by a MOSFET transistor, bipolar or Darlington.
• the driving demand signal 22 of the power transistor 14, 15 and the driving request signal 23 of the electromechanical relay 17 are respectively used as one of the inputs of the gate.
• logic "AND" 35, 37 the device 100 of power supply control, comprises for performing the sequencing of the first control 18 and the second control 19, the implementation of the logic gate "AND” 20 and the “OR” logic gate 21.
• the electronic calculator or computers 6 are able to guarantee a good sequencing of the first control 18 and the second control 19, the first control 18 and the second control 19 are respectively sent directly to the input of the "AND" logic gate 35, 37.
• the "AND” and “OR” logic operations can be performed by discrete components such as diodes for the "OR” and transistors for the "AND”, or by software instructions in a microcontroller.
• the electromechanical relay 17 may be soldered to the printed circuit of an electronic box, be a removable relay plugged into a relay fuse box, for example on a motor relay fuse box called "BFRM", or be plugged into a connector-holder relay directly integrated into the vehicle wiring harness.
• the electromechanical relay 17 is of the monostable type.
• the use of a bistable relay is possible via an adaptation of the control strategy of the power supply control device 100, in particular at the level of the diagnosis and protection module 25 and the electronic computer 6;
• the power transistor 14, 15, 16, the electromechanical relay 17, and the electrical protection element 30 can be integrated in a single housing or be distributed in several housings. As examples:
• electromechanical relay 17 and the electrical protection element 30 are integrated on a BFRM box, while the power transistor 14, 15, 16 is integrated on the starter 300;
• the electromechanical relay 17 and the electrical protection element 30 are integrated on a BFRM box, whereas the power transistor 14, 15, 16 is integrated in a dedicated electronic box;
• electromechanical relay 17 and the electrical protection element 30 are integrated on a BFRM box, while the power transistor 14, 15, 16 is integrated in an electronic computer 6, for example in the motor control;
• electromechanical relay 17 and the power transistor 14, 15, 16 are integrated in a dedicated electronic box, while the electrical protection element 30 is integrated on a fuse box;
• the electromechanical relay 17, the transistor 14, 15, 16, and optionally the electrical protection element 30, are integrated on a "smart connection box", commonly referred to as the “smart junction box”, for example on the BCM (acronym for Body Control Module).
• a "smart connection box” commonly referred to as the "smart junction box”
• BCM body Control Module
• this element is preferably connected in the most upstream from the positive pole + of the voltage source 1, to protect all the electrical connections of the power supply control device 100;
• the electrical protection element 30 and the power transistor 14, 15, 16 are preferably arranged upstream thereof, in order to protect the connection pins of the relay support 17 electromechanical against a possible short circuit.
• the use of a relay operating in disconnector mode increases the durability of the device 100 of power supply, protecting in particular this one short circuits and battery inversions.
• the power supply control device 100 has a life of about one million cycles.
• the use of such a device is particularly suitable for the "Stop & Start" functions of motor vehicles.
• the electrical power control device 100 may be implemented in a vehicle comprising a "free wheel” type function, such as "sailing” in its English terminology: this function consists in stopping the engine thermal vehicle during certain driving phases (eg descent, deceleration) and therefore requires a large number of restarts.
• the implementation of the power supply control device 100 makes it possible to limit the maintenance by relay exchange during the vehicle's lifetime.
• such a device allows the use of a "simple" protective diode D1, for example a small Zener diode, to guard against battery inversions.
• a diode is less expensive compared to existing devices, the latter requiring power diodes specifically chosen to withstand high currents.
• the power supply control device 100 offers numerous possibilities of physical implementation in a vehicle, in particular according to the choice of the order of the electronic components. in this device. For example, if we use a smart power transistor called “smart power” in English, and if we integrate the device in a “smart connection box”, also referred to in English as “smart junction box”, it is possible to avoid fuse, because this type of housing already includes a power supply to be able to drive actuators protected by a general fuse.
• the invention increases the endurance of the system by performing the solenoid control by the power transistor having an endurance greater than 1 million cycles and to use the disconnector relay (vacuum switching), also enabling to reach an endurance greater than or equal to 1 million cycles ("mechanical" endurance of the relay ), whereas a conventional solution with two electromechanical relays can only hope for an endurance of 600,000 cycles by alternately working the relays as a disconnector and as a switch ("electrical" endurance of an electromechanical relay at best 300,000 cycles).
• a power transistor and an electromechanical relay is associated with a control logic adapted to ensure that it is always the power transistor which ensures the control of the solenoid and that the electromechanical relay is always switched "Empty", irrespective of the orders issued the control computer or controllers (including with an alternating command adapted to a solution with two electromagnetic relays).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Relay Circuits (AREA)
• Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-11-26 FR FR1461473A patent/FR3028894B1/fr active Active
• 2015
  • 2015-10-12 CN CN201580065257.8A patent/CN107002622B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2015-10-12 WO PCT/FR2015/052736 patent/WO2016083683A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-10-12 EP EP15788166.5A patent/EP3224469A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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