EP3221948A2 - Electric machine having helical teeth for use in a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Electric machine having helical teeth for use in a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP3221948A2
EP3221948A2 EP15804909.8A EP15804909A EP3221948A2 EP 3221948 A2 EP3221948 A2 EP 3221948A2 EP 15804909 A EP15804909 A EP 15804909A EP 3221948 A2 EP3221948 A2 EP 3221948A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
stator
teeth
electric machine
motor vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15804909.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Olivier Dixneuf
Abdou Salembere
Yacine AYAD
Samir Guerbaoui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Publication of EP3221948A2 publication Critical patent/EP3221948A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets for application in a motor vehicle, in particular for an electric supercharger.
  • the invention also relates to an electric supercharger compressor for a motor vehicle, comprising such a variable-reluctance electric motor or permanent magnets.
  • Such an electric supercharger is conventionally implemented in the air intake line of a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, upstream or downstream of a turbocharger.
  • a compressor can be implemented on a recirculation line of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
  • the electric supercharger conventionally comprises a wheel for compressing the air entering the compressor and an electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, for driving the wheel in rotation.
  • the electric supercharger Unlike turbochargers, driven by exhaust gases, the electric supercharger, operating with an electric machine, has a very short response time. This makes it possible to increase the torque of the internal combustion engine at low speed, to compensate for the turbocharger response time and to improve the accelerations of the motor vehicle on which is mounted the internal combustion engine equipped with the electric supercharger.
  • the electric machine and for example the variable reluctance motor or permanent magnets, implemented in such an electric supercharger is subjected to large amplitude vibrations due to variations in flux and electromagnetic forces, which are detrimental to comfort of the driver of the motor vehicle.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, improved for automotive application, in particular for electric supercharging compressor, not having at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the invention proposes an electric machine, and in particular an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, for application in a motor vehicle, in particular for an electric supercharging compressor, comprising a rotor and a stator, the rotor and the stator having radial teeth, the teeth of at least one of the rotor and the stator extending helically along the rotor or stator.
  • the noise emitted by the electric machine is limited.
  • the teeth extending in the form of a helix form, in developed view, an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 10 ° and / or less than 30 °, preferably less than 20 °, and very preferably less than 15 ° with the longitudinal direction of the rotor or stator;
  • At least one tooth of the rotor or of the stator has a cavity
  • the cavity or cavities extend in the form of a helix with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rotor or the stator, in the teeth extending in the form of a helix;
  • the teeth of the rotor and / or the stator have a chamfer
  • the chamfer forms an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 3 °, and / or less than 10 °, more preferably less than 7 °;
  • the teeth have, in cross section, rounded corners at their apex.
  • the invention relates to an electric supercharger for a motor vehicle, comprising a compression wheel and an electric machine as described above in all its combinations, for driving the compression wheel in rotation.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically in cross section an electric machine of a supercharger for a motor vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a perspective view of the rotor of the machine of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically in cross section a detail of a tooth of the rotor between two teeth of the stator of the electric machine of Figure 1.
  • an electric machine and for example a motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, essentially comprises a rotor 12 and a stator 14.
  • the rotor 12 is here mounted radially inside the stator 14.
  • rotor 12 and the stator 14 are made of metallic material. They are not electrically powered.
  • the stator does not comprise here a winding oriented in the longitudinal direction of the machine 10.
  • the rotor 12 has radially radially outwardly radially outwardly radially disposed teeth 16 (hereinafter rotor teeth 16), here four in number.
  • the rotor teeth 16 are equidistributed angularly.
  • the stator 14 has for its teeth 18 (hereinafter statoric teeth 18) also radial, oriented in the opposite direction to the teeth 16 of the rotor 12.
  • statoric teeth 18 are more numerous than the rotor teeth 16.
  • the stator 14 has six statoric teeth 18.
  • the statoric teeth 18 are angularly distributed.
  • Each of the stator teeth 18 is surrounded by a winding 20 or phase winding.
  • the rotor 12 By successively controlling the supply of pairs of opposite windings, the rotor 12 is rotated, the torque being produced by the tendency of the rotor to position itself so that the reluctance between a stator tooth and a rotor tooth is at a minimum. that is, the air gap between these rotor and stator teeth is minimal.
  • the rotor teeth 16 extend helically along the rotor 12.
  • the stator teeth 18 extend for example in a direction parallel to the axis rotor rotation 12.
  • the rotor teeth 16 do not find themselves aligned with the stator teeth 18 instantly and simultaneously over their entire length.
  • the alignment of the rotor teeth 16 with the stator teeth 18 is done progressively in the longitudinal direction of the rotor 12. This makes it possible to avoid or at least limit a too abrupt variation of the magnetic flux between the rotor 16 and stator 18 teeth, and thus to limit the noise emitted by the electric machine 10.
  • the rotor teeth 16 form here, in developed view, an angle greater than 1 °, preferably greater than 10 °, and / or less than 30 °, preferably less than 20 °, with the longitudinal direction of the rotor or the stator.
  • developed view is meant a planar representation of the rotor 12 observed by rotating around this rotor 12, at a constant distance from the axis of rotation of the rotor 12, greater than the radius of the rotor 12.
  • the rotor teeth 16 extend substantially in parallelograms, whose parallel sides form a non-zero angle with the axis of rotation of the rotor 12. It should be noted here that the angle formed by the rotor teeth 16 with the axis of rotation is limited, this in particular to avoid that a rotor tooth can be opposite two stator teeth 18 distinct.
  • the rotor 16 and stator teeth 18 have, in cross-section, chamfers 37, 38, respectively.
  • the profile of the rotor 16 and stator 18 teeth here have a base portion with two parallel sides, in cross section, connected at the top to the rotor teeth 16 and stator 18, respectively, by surfaces inclined with respect to two parallel sides of the base part.
  • the angle of inclination of these surfaces may in particular be greater than 1 °, more preferably greater than 3 °, and less than 10 °, more preferably less than 7 °.
  • chamfers 37, 38 also make it possible to avoid an abrupt variation of the magnetic flux between the rotor 16 and stator 18 teeth, when these teeth are aligned vis-à-vis. This contributes to limiting the noise emitted by the electric machine 10.
  • chamfers may be provided only on the rotor 12 or only on the stator 14.
  • a chamfer may also be provided on one side only. each tooth, especially on the "leading edge” that is to say the front side of the tooth in the direction of rotation of the rotor 12.
  • teeth may have, in cross section, rounded corners at their vertices.
  • only the teeth of the rotor or stator may have such rounded corners.
  • only one of the two angles at the edges at the top of the teeth may be rounded.
  • the rotor 12 and the stator 14 have cavities 32, 34, 36, respectively. These cavities 32, 34, 36 make it possible to reduce the rigidity of the rotor 12 and / or the stator 14, which makes it possible to limit the noise emitted by the variable-reluctance motor or permanent magnets and / or to lower the transmission frequencies. of these noises.
  • these cavities 32, 34 on the torque exerted on the rotor 12 are formed in the rotor 16 and stator 18, respectively, and open only at the two faces end of the rotor 12 and the stator 14.
  • the cavities 32 in the rotor teeth 16 extend substantially parallel to the edges of the rotor teeth 16, in order to avoid creating an imbalance in the rotor teeth 16.
  • the cavities 36 on the radially outer surface of the stator extend substantially in the longitudinal direction of the electrical machine 10. These cavities 36 open at the two end faces of the stator 14 and on its radially outer surface.
  • An electric machine and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets 10 as just described can be implemented in many applications in a motor vehicle. In particular, it can be implemented for a traction motor system.
  • variable reluctance electric motor or permanent magnets as it comes to be described can be implemented in an electric supercharger compressor for a motor vehicle, comprising a compression wheel driven in rotation by the rotation of the rotor of the electric machine.
  • stator 14 can be received in a housing of the machine leaving empty spaces (or gaps) between the stator 14 and the housing, the empty spaces extending essentially in a longitudinal direction of the machine.
  • the stator and the housing of the machine then preferably define linear contact areas. These empty spaces between the stator and the housing of the machine make it possible to limit the noise radiated by the machine.
  • the stator 14 may have a cross section of generally polygonal shape, possibly having one or more cuts formed by the cavity or cavities 28 opening on the radially outer surface of the stator 14 and, preferably, rounded corners intended for in contact with the housing of the machine, which housing of the machine is preferably generally circular in cross section.
  • the rotor 12 has teeth extending helically.
  • the stator alone, or the rotor and the stator may have teeth extending helically.
  • these teeth form in developed view different angles with the axis of rotation of the rotor to ensure a progressive alignment of the rotor teeth vis-à- screw stator teeth.

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric machine (10) for use in a motor vehicle, in particular for an electric supercharger compressor, comprising a rotor (12) and a stator (14), the rotor (12) and the stator (14) having radial teeth (16; 18), the teeth (16; 18) of at least one of the rotor (12) and the stator (14) extending forming a helix along the rotor (12) or the stator (14). The invention likewise relates to an electric supercharger compressor for a motor vehicle, including a compressor impeller and such an electric machine (10), for rotating the compressor impeller.

Description

MAC H I N E E LECTRIQU E P RES ENTANT D ES D E NTS  MAC H I N E E TE W O R T F O N E N T E R
H É LICOÏDALES POU R AP P LICAT IO N DAN S U N VÉ H I C U LE H E LICOÏDALES P U RIC P OLICAT IO N DAN S U N VÉ H I C U LE
AUTOM OB I LE La présente invention concerne une machine électrique, et par exemple un moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents pour application dans un véhicule automobile, notamment pour un compresseur électrique de suralimentation. L'invention se rapporte également à un compresseur électrique de suralimentation pour véhicule automobile, comportant un tel moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents. The present invention relates to an electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets for application in a motor vehicle, in particular for an electric supercharger. The invention also relates to an electric supercharger compressor for a motor vehicle, comprising such a variable-reluctance electric motor or permanent magnets.
Il est connu de mettre en œuvre un compresseur électrique de suralimentation (en anglais « electric supercharger ») dans un circuit d'alimentation en air d'un moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile.  It is known to implement an electric supercharger in an air supply circuit of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
Un tel compresseur électrique de suralimentation est classiquement mis en œuvre dans la ligne d'admission d'air d'un moteur à combustion thermique d'un véhicule automobile, en amont ou en aval d'un turbocompresseur. En variante, ou au surplus comme décrit dans la demande FR-A-2 991 725 au nom de la Demanderesse, un tel compresseur peut être mis en œuvre sur une ligne de recirculation des gaz d'échappement du moteur à combustion interne.  Such an electric supercharger is conventionally implemented in the air intake line of a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, upstream or downstream of a turbocharger. Alternatively, or moreover as described in FR-A-2 991 725 in the name of the Applicant, such a compressor can be implemented on a recirculation line of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
Le compresseur de suralimentation électrique comporte de manière classique une roue destinée à comprimer l'air entrant dans le compresseur et une machine électrique, et par exemple un moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents, pour entraîner la roue en rotation.  The electric supercharger conventionally comprises a wheel for compressing the air entering the compressor and an electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, for driving the wheel in rotation.
À la différence des turbocompresseurs, entraînés par les gaz d'échappement, le compresseur électrique de suralimentation, fonctionnant avec une machine électrique, a un temps de réponse très court. Ceci permet de renforcer le couple du moteur à combustion interne à bas régime, de compenser le temps de réponse du turbocompresseur et améliore les accélérations du véhicule automobile sur lequel est monté le moteur à combustion interne muni du compresseur électrique de suralimentation. Unlike turbochargers, driven by exhaust gases, the electric supercharger, operating with an electric machine, has a very short response time. This makes it possible to increase the torque of the internal combustion engine at low speed, to compensate for the turbocharger response time and to improve the accelerations of the motor vehicle on which is mounted the internal combustion engine equipped with the electric supercharger.
Cependant, la machine électrique, et par exemple le moteur à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents, mise en œuvre dans un tel compresseur électrique de suralimentation est soumise à des vibrations de grandes amplitudes du fait des variations de flux et de forces électromagnétiques, qui nuisent au confort du conducteur du véhicule automobile.  However, the electric machine, and for example the variable reluctance motor or permanent magnets, implemented in such an electric supercharger is subjected to large amplitude vibrations due to variations in flux and electromagnetic forces, which are detrimental to comfort of the driver of the motor vehicle.
En outre, notamment du fait du régime auquel est utilisée une telle machine électrique, un tel compresseur est bruyant.  In addition, particularly because of the speed at which such an electric machine is used, such a compressor is noisy.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une machine électrique, et par exemple un moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents, perfectionnée pour application automobile, notamment pour compresseur électrique de suralimentation, ne présentant pas au moins certains des inconvénients susmentionnés.  The object of the present invention is to provide an electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, improved for automotive application, in particular for electric supercharging compressor, not having at least some of the aforementioned drawbacks.
À cette fin, l'invention propose une machine électrique, et notamment un moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents, pour application dans un véhicule automobile, notamment pour compresseur électrique de suralimentation, comprenant un rotor et un stator, le rotor et le stator présentant des dents radiales, les dents d'au moins l'un parmi le rotor et le stator s'étendant en forme d'hélice le long du rotor ou du stator.  To this end, the invention proposes an electric machine, and in particular an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, for application in a motor vehicle, in particular for an electric supercharging compressor, comprising a rotor and a stator, the rotor and the stator having radial teeth, the teeth of at least one of the rotor and the stator extending helically along the rotor or stator.
Ainsi, selon l'invention, on évite une variation trop brusque de flux magnétique entre les dents rotoriques et statoriques au moment où les dents rotoriques s'alignent en vis-à-vis des dents rotoriques. En effet, au moins certaines de ces dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice, ces dents ne se retrouvent pas alignées instantanément et simultanément sur toute leur longueur.  Thus, according to the invention, a too abrupt variation of magnetic flux between the rotor and stator teeth is avoided at the moment when the rotor teeth align with respect to the rotor teeth. Indeed, at least some of these teeth extending helically, these teeth do not find themselves aligned instantly and simultaneously over their entire length.
En évitant ou tout du moins en limitant ces variations brusques de flux magnétique entre les dents, on limite le bruit émis par la machine électrique.  By avoiding or at least by limiting these abrupt variations of magnetic flux between the teeth, the noise emitted by the electric machine is limited.
Selon différents modes de réalisation, qui pourront être pris ensemble ou séparément : - les dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice forment, en vue développée, un angle supérieur à 0°, de préférence supérieur à 10° et/ou inférieur à 30°, de préférence inférieur à 20°, et de manière très préférée inférieur à 15° avec la direction longitudinale du rotor ou du stator ; According to different embodiments, which can be taken together or separately: the teeth extending in the form of a helix form, in developed view, an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 10 ° and / or less than 30 °, preferably less than 20 °, and very preferably less than 15 ° with the longitudinal direction of the rotor or stator;
- au moins une dent du rotor ou du stator présente une cavité ;  at least one tooth of the rotor or of the stator has a cavity;
- la ou les cavités débouchent sur chacune des faces d'extrémité du rotor ou du stator, respectivement ;  the cavity or cavities open on each of the end faces of the rotor or of the stator, respectively;
- la ou les cavités s'étendent en forme d'hélice par rapport à la direction longitudinale du rotor ou du stator, dans les dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice ;  the cavity or cavities extend in the form of a helix with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rotor or the stator, in the teeth extending in the form of a helix;
- les dents du rotor et/ou du stator présentent un chanfrein ;  the teeth of the rotor and / or the stator have a chamfer;
- le chanfrein forme un angle supérieur à 0°, de préférence supérieur à 3°, et/ou inférieur à 10°, de préférence encore inférieur à 7° ; et  the chamfer forms an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 3 °, and / or less than 10 °, more preferably less than 7 °; and
- les dents présentent, en section transversale, des angles arrondis au niveau de leur sommet.  - The teeth have, in cross section, rounded corners at their apex.
Selon un autre aspect, l'invention se rapporte à un compresseur électrique de suralimentation pour véhicule automobile, comportant une roue de compression et une machine électrique tel que décrit ci-avant dans toutes ses combinaisons, pour entraîner la roue de compression en rotation.  According to another aspect, the invention relates to an electric supercharger for a motor vehicle, comprising a compression wheel and an electric machine as described above in all its combinations, for driving the compression wheel in rotation.
Les figures annexées feront bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée. Parmi celles-ci :  The appended figures will make it clear how the invention can be realized. Among those :
- La figure 1 représente schématiquement en coupe transversale une machine électrique d'un compresseur de suralimentation pour véhicule automobile. ;  - Figure 1 shows schematically in cross section an electric machine of a supercharger for a motor vehicle. ;
- La figure 2 représente schématiquement une vue en perspective du rotor de la machine de la figure 1 ; et  - Figure 2 schematically shows a perspective view of the rotor of the machine of Figure 1; and
- La figure 3 représente schématiquement en coupe transversale un détail d'une dent du rotor entre deux dents du stator de la machine électrique de la figure 1 . Comme illustré à la figure 1 , une machine électrique, et par exemple un moteur à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents, 10 comprend essentiellement un rotor 12 et un stator 14. Le rotor 12 est ici monté radialement à l'intérieur du stator 14. Le rotor 12 et le stator 14 sont en matériau métallique. Ils ne sont pas alimentés électriquement. Notamment, le stator ne comprend pas ici de bobinage orienté selon la direction longitudinale de la machine 10. Le rotor 12 présente des dents 16 (ci-après dents rotoriques 16) radiales, orientées radialement vers l'extérieur, ici au nombre de quatre. Les dents rotoriques 16 sont équiréparties angulairement. Le stator 14 présente quant à lui des dents 18 (ci-après dents statoriques 18) également radiales, orientées dans le sens opposé aux dents 16 du rotor 12. Classiquement les dents statoriques 18 sont plus nombreuses que les dents rotoriques 16. En l'espèce, le stator 14 présente six dents statoriques 18. Les dents statoriques 18 sont équiréparties angulairement. Chacune des dents statoriques 18 est entourée par un bobinage 20 ou bobinage de phase. Lorsque deux bobinages 20 opposés (ou symétriques) sont alimentés électriquement, ils forment des électroaimants et provoquent la rotation du rotor 12 pour aligner les dents rotoriques 16 avec les dents statoriques 18 entourées par les bobinages 20 alimentés électriquement. En commandant successivement l'alimentation des couples de bobinages 20 opposés, on entraine en rotation le rotor 12, le couple étant produit par la tendance du rotor à se positionner de façon que la réluctance entre une dent statorique et une dent rotorique soit minimum, c'est-à-dire que l'entrefer entre ces dents rotoriques et statoriques soit minimal. - Figure 3 shows schematically in cross section a detail of a tooth of the rotor between two teeth of the stator of the electric machine of Figure 1. As illustrated in FIG. 1, an electric machine, and for example a motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets, essentially comprises a rotor 12 and a stator 14. The rotor 12 is here mounted radially inside the stator 14. rotor 12 and the stator 14 are made of metallic material. They are not electrically powered. In particular, the stator does not comprise here a winding oriented in the longitudinal direction of the machine 10. The rotor 12 has radially radially outwardly radially outwardly radially disposed teeth 16 (hereinafter rotor teeth 16), here four in number. The rotor teeth 16 are equidistributed angularly. The stator 14 has for its teeth 18 (hereinafter statoric teeth 18) also radial, oriented in the opposite direction to the teeth 16 of the rotor 12. Classically the stator teeth 18 are more numerous than the rotor teeth 16. In the In this case, the stator 14 has six statoric teeth 18. The statoric teeth 18 are angularly distributed. Each of the stator teeth 18 is surrounded by a winding 20 or phase winding. When two opposite (or symmetrical) coils are electrically powered, they form electromagnets and cause the rotor 12 to rotate to align the rotor teeth 16 with the stator teeth 18 surrounded by the electrically powered coils. By successively controlling the supply of pairs of opposite windings, the rotor 12 is rotated, the torque being produced by the tendency of the rotor to position itself so that the reluctance between a stator tooth and a rotor tooth is at a minimum. that is, the air gap between these rotor and stator teeth is minimal.
Cependant, ici, comme cela est plus particulièrement visible sur la figure 2, les dents rotoriques 16 s'étendent en forme d'hélice le long du rotor 12. Les dents statoriques 18 s'étendent par exemple selon une direction parallèle à l'axe de rotation du rotor 12.  However, here, as is more particularly visible in Figure 2, the rotor teeth 16 extend helically along the rotor 12. The stator teeth 18 extend for example in a direction parallel to the axis rotor rotation 12.
Ainsi, les dents rotoriques 16 ne se retrouvent pas alignées avec les dents statoriques 18 instantanément et simultanément sur toute leur longueur. Au contraire, l'alignement des dents rotoriques 16 avec les dents statoriques 18 se fait progressivement selon la direction longitudinale du rotor 12. Ceci permet d'éviter ou tout du moins de limiter une variation trop brusque du flux magnétique entre les dents rotoriques 16 et statoriques 18, et, ainsi, de limiter le bruit émis par la machine électrique 10. Thus, the rotor teeth 16 do not find themselves aligned with the stator teeth 18 instantly and simultaneously over their entire length. On the contrary, the alignment of the rotor teeth 16 with the stator teeth 18 is done progressively in the longitudinal direction of the rotor 12. This makes it possible to avoid or at least limit a too abrupt variation of the magnetic flux between the rotor 16 and stator 18 teeth, and thus to limit the noise emitted by the electric machine 10.
Les dents rotoriques 16 forment ici, en vue développée, un angle supérieur à 1 °, de préférence supérieur à 10°, et/ou inférieur à 30°, de préférence inférieur à 20°, avec la direction longitudinale du rotor ou du stator. Par « vue développée », on entend une représentation plane du rotor 12 observé en tournant autour de ce rotor 12, à une distance constante de l'axe de rotation du rotor 12, supérieure au rayon du rotor 12. Dans cette vue développée du rotor, les dents rotoriques 16 s'étendent sensiblement selon des parallélogrammes, dont les côtés parallèles forment un angle non nul avec l'axe de rotation du rotor 12. Il est à noter ici que l'angle formé par les dents rotoriques 16 avec l'axe de rotation est limité, ceci afin d'éviter notamment, qu'une dent rotorique puisse se trouver en vis-à-vis de deux dents statoriques 18 distinctes.  The rotor teeth 16 form here, in developed view, an angle greater than 1 °, preferably greater than 10 °, and / or less than 30 °, preferably less than 20 °, with the longitudinal direction of the rotor or the stator. By "developed view" is meant a planar representation of the rotor 12 observed by rotating around this rotor 12, at a constant distance from the axis of rotation of the rotor 12, greater than the radius of the rotor 12. In this developed view of the rotor , the rotor teeth 16 extend substantially in parallelograms, whose parallel sides form a non-zero angle with the axis of rotation of the rotor 12. It should be noted here that the angle formed by the rotor teeth 16 with the axis of rotation is limited, this in particular to avoid that a rotor tooth can be opposite two stator teeth 18 distinct.
Par ailleurs, comme illustré à la figure 3 les dents rotoriques 16 et statoriques 18 présentent, en section transversale, des chanfreins 37, 38, respectivement. En d'autres termes, le profil des dents rotoriques 16 et statoriques 18 présentent ici une partie de base avec deux côtés parallèles, en section transversale, reliée au sommet les dents rotoriques 16 et statoriques 18, respectivement, par des surfaces inclinées par rapport aux deux côtés parallèles de la partie de base. L'angle d'inclinaison de ces surfaces (ou angle de chanfrein) peut notamment être supérieur à 1 °, de préférence encore supérieure à 3°, et inférieur à 10°, de préférence encore inférieur à 7°. Ces chanfreins 37, 38 permettent également d'éviter une variation trop brusque du flux magnétique entre les dents rotoriques 16 et statoriques 18, quand ces dents s'alignent en vis-à-vis. Ceci contribue à limiter le bruit émis par la machine électrique 10. En variante, de tels chanfreins peuvent être prévus uniquement sur le rotor 12 ou uniquement sur le stator 14. Un chanfrein peut également n'être prévu que sur un côté de chaque dent, notamment sur le « bord d'attaque » c'est-à-dire le côté frontal de la dent dans le sens de rotation du rotor 12. Moreover, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the rotor 16 and stator teeth 18 have, in cross-section, chamfers 37, 38, respectively. In other words, the profile of the rotor 16 and stator 18 teeth here have a base portion with two parallel sides, in cross section, connected at the top to the rotor teeth 16 and stator 18, respectively, by surfaces inclined with respect to two parallel sides of the base part. The angle of inclination of these surfaces (or chamfer angle) may in particular be greater than 1 °, more preferably greater than 3 °, and less than 10 °, more preferably less than 7 °. These chamfers 37, 38 also make it possible to avoid an abrupt variation of the magnetic flux between the rotor 16 and stator 18 teeth, when these teeth are aligned vis-à-vis. This contributes to limiting the noise emitted by the electric machine 10. Alternatively, such chamfers may be provided only on the rotor 12 or only on the stator 14. A chamfer may also be provided on one side only. each tooth, especially on the "leading edge" that is to say the front side of the tooth in the direction of rotation of the rotor 12.
En variante ou au surplus, toujours pour éviter une variation trop brusque du flux magnétique entre les dents, celles-ci peuvent présenter, en section transversale, des angles arrondis au niveau de leurs sommets. Là encore, en variante, seules les dents du rotor ou du stator peuvent présenter de tels angles arrondis. Selon une autre variante également, seul l'un des deux angles au niveau des arêtes au sommet des dents peut être arrondi.  Alternatively or in addition, always to avoid a too abrupt variation of the magnetic flux between the teeth, they may have, in cross section, rounded corners at their vertices. Again, alternatively, only the teeth of the rotor or stator may have such rounded corners. According to another variant also, only one of the two angles at the edges at the top of the teeth may be rounded.
Par ailleurs, comme illustré sur les figures, le rotor 12 et le stator 14 présentent des cavités 32, 34, 36, respectivement. Ces cavités 32, 34, 36 permettent de réduire la rigidité du rotor 12 et/ou du stator 14, ce qui permet de limiter le bruit émis par le moteur à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents et/ou d'abaisser les fréquences d'émission de ces bruits. Par facilité de fabrication et pour limiter l'influence des cavités 32, 34 sur le couple exercé sur le rotor 12, celles-ci sont réalisées dans les dents rotoriques 16 et statoriques 18, respectivement, et ne débouchent qu'au niveau des deux faces d'extrémité du rotor 12 et du stator 14. De manière remarquable, les cavités 32 dans les dents rotoriques 16 s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement aux arêtes des dents rotoriques 16, ceci afin d'éviter de créer un déséquilibre dans les dents rotoriques 16.  Moreover, as illustrated in the figures, the rotor 12 and the stator 14 have cavities 32, 34, 36, respectively. These cavities 32, 34, 36 make it possible to reduce the rigidity of the rotor 12 and / or the stator 14, which makes it possible to limit the noise emitted by the variable-reluctance motor or permanent magnets and / or to lower the transmission frequencies. of these noises. By ease of manufacture and to limit the influence of the cavities 32, 34 on the torque exerted on the rotor 12, these are formed in the rotor 16 and stator 18, respectively, and open only at the two faces end of the rotor 12 and the stator 14. Remarkably, the cavities 32 in the rotor teeth 16 extend substantially parallel to the edges of the rotor teeth 16, in order to avoid creating an imbalance in the rotor teeth 16.
Les cavités 36 sur la surface radialement externe du stator s'étendent sensiblement selon la direction longitudinale de la machine électrique 10. Ces cavités 36 débouchent au niveau des deux faces d'extrémité du stator 14 et sur sa surface radialement externe.  The cavities 36 on the radially outer surface of the stator extend substantially in the longitudinal direction of the electrical machine 10. These cavities 36 open at the two end faces of the stator 14 and on its radially outer surface.
Une machine électrique, et par exemple un moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents 10 tel qu'il vient d'être décrit peut être mis en œuvre dans de nombreuses applications dans un véhicule automobile. Notamment, il peut être mis en œuvre pour un système de moteur de traction.  An electric machine, and for example an electric motor with variable reluctance or permanent magnets 10 as just described can be implemented in many applications in a motor vehicle. In particular, it can be implemented for a traction motor system.
Selon une application particulièrement intéressante cependant, le moteur électrique à reluctance variable ou aimants permanents tel qu'il vient d'être décrit peut être mis en œuvre dans un compresseur électrique de suralimentation pour véhicule automobile, comportant une roue de compression entraînée en rotation par la rotation du rotor de la machine électrique. According to a particularly interesting application however, the variable reluctance electric motor or permanent magnets as it comes to be described can be implemented in an electric supercharger compressor for a motor vehicle, comprising a compression wheel driven in rotation by the rotation of the rotor of the electric machine.
L'invention ne se limite pas au seul exemple de réalisation décrit ci- avant en regard des figures, à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif.  The invention is not limited to the single embodiment described above with reference to the figures, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example.
Notamment, le stator 14 peut être reçu dans un boîtier de la machine en laissant des espaces vides (ou jeux) entre le stator 14 et le boîtier, les espaces vides s'étendant essentiellement selon une direction longitudinale de la machine. Le stator et le boîtier de la machine définissent alors de préférence des zones de contact linéiques. Ces espaces vides entre le stator et le boîtier de la machine permettent de limiter le bruit rayonné par la machine.  In particular, the stator 14 can be received in a housing of the machine leaving empty spaces (or gaps) between the stator 14 and the housing, the empty spaces extending essentially in a longitudinal direction of the machine. The stator and the housing of the machine then preferably define linear contact areas. These empty spaces between the stator and the housing of the machine make it possible to limit the noise radiated by the machine.
Par exemple, le stator 14 peut présenter une section transversale de forme générale polygonale, présentant le cas échéant une ou plusieurs découpes formées par la ou les cavités 28 débouchant sur la surface radialement externe du stator 14 et, de préférence, des angles arrondis destinés à être en contact avec le boîtier de la machine, lequel boîtier de la machine est de préférence de forme générale circulaire, en section transversale.  For example, the stator 14 may have a cross section of generally polygonal shape, possibly having one or more cuts formed by the cavity or cavities 28 opening on the radially outer surface of the stator 14 and, preferably, rounded corners intended for in contact with the housing of the machine, which housing of the machine is preferably generally circular in cross section.
Enfin, ici, seul le rotor 12 présente des dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice. En variante cependant, le stator, seul, ou le rotor et le stator peut présenter des dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice. Dans le cas où les dents rotoriques et les dents statoriques s'étendent en forme d'hélice, ces dents forment en vue développée des angles différents avec l'axe de rotation du rotor pour assurer un alignement progressif des dents rotoriques en vis-à-vis des dents statoriques.  Finally, here, only the rotor 12 has teeth extending helically. Alternatively, however, the stator alone, or the rotor and the stator may have teeth extending helically. In the case where the rotor teeth and the stator teeth extend in helical form, these teeth form in developed view different angles with the axis of rotation of the rotor to ensure a progressive alignment of the rotor teeth vis-à- screw stator teeth.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Machine électrique (10) pour application dans un véhicule automobile, notamment pour compresseur électrique de suralimentation, comprenant un rotor (12) et un stator (14), le rotor (12) et le stator (14) présentant des dents radiales (16 ; 18), les dents (16 ; 18) d'au moins l'un parmi le rotor (12) et le stator (14) s'étendant en forme d'hélice le long du rotor (12) ou du stator (14), les dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice forment, en vue développée, un angle supérieur à 0°, de préférence supérieur à 10°, avec la direction longitudinale du rotor (12) ou du stator (14). 1. Electric machine (10) for application in a motor vehicle, in particular for an electric supercharger, comprising a rotor (12) and a stator (14), the rotor (12) and the stator (14) having radial teeth (16; 18), the teeth (16; 18) of at least one of the rotor (12) and the stator (14) extending helically along the rotor (12) or the stator (14) , the teeth extending in helical form form, in developed view, an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 10 °, with the longitudinal direction of the rotor (12) or the stator (14).
2. Machine électrique (10) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel les dents s'étendant en forme d'hélice forment, en vue développée, un angle inférieur à 30°, de préférence inférieur à 20°, avec la direction longitudinale du rotor (12) ou du stator (14). Electric machine (10) according to claim 1, wherein the helically-extending teeth form, in developed view, an angle of less than 30 °, preferably less than 20 °, with the longitudinal direction of the rotor. (12) or the stator (14).
3. Machine électrique (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel au moins une dent (16 ; 18) du rotor (12) ou du stator (14) présente une cavité. An electrical machine (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one tooth (16; 18) of the rotor (12) or stator (14) has a cavity.
4. Machine électrique (10) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la ou les cavités débouchent sur chacune des faces d'extrémité du rotor (12) ou du stator (14), respectivement. An electrical machine (10) according to claim 3, wherein the one or more cavities open on each of the end faces of the rotor (12) or the stator (14), respectively.
5. Machine électrique (10) selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel la ou les cavités s'étendent en forme d'hélice par rapport à la direction longitudinale du rotor (12) ou du stator (14), dans les dents (16) s'étendant en forme d'hélice. An electric machine (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the at least one cavity extends helically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rotor (12) or stator (14) in the teeth ( 16) extending in the form of a helix.
6. Machine électrique (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les dents (16 ; 18) du rotor (12) et/ou du stator (14) présentent au moins un chanfrein. An electrical machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the teeth (16; 18) of the rotor (12) and / or the stator (14) have at least one chamfer.
7. Machine électrique (10) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le chanfrein forme un angle supérieur à 0°, de préférence supérieur à 3° et/ou inférieur à 10°, de préférence inférieur à 7°. 7. Electrical machine (10) according to claim 6, wherein the chamfer forms an angle greater than 0 °, preferably greater than 3 ° and / or less than 10 °, preferably less than 7 °.
8. Machine électrique (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les dents (16, 18) présentent, en section transversale, des angles arrondis au niveau de leur sommet. Electric machine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the teeth (16, 18) have, in cross section, rounded corners at their apex.
9. Compresseur de suralimentation électrique pour véhicule automobile, comportant une roue de compression et une machine électrique (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, pour entraîner la roue de compression en rotation. An electric supercharger for a motor vehicle, comprising a compression wheel and an electric machine (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for driving the compression wheel in rotation.
EP15804909.8A 2014-11-20 2015-11-20 Electric machine having helical teeth for use in a motor vehicle Withdrawn EP3221948A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1461262A FR3029026B1 (en) 2014-11-20 2014-11-20 ELECTRIC MACHINE HAVING HELICOIDAL TEETH FOR APPLICATION IN A MOTOR VEHICLE
PCT/FR2015/053152 WO2016079448A2 (en) 2014-11-20 2015-11-20 Electric machine having helical teeth for use in a motor vehicle

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EP3221948A2 true EP3221948A2 (en) 2017-09-27

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EP15804909.8A Withdrawn EP3221948A2 (en) 2014-11-20 2015-11-20 Electric machine having helical teeth for use in a motor vehicle

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FR (1) FR3029026B1 (en)
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Also Published As

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WO2016079448A2 (en) 2016-05-26
WO2016079448A3 (en) 2016-08-25
FR3029026A1 (en) 2016-05-27
FR3029026B1 (en) 2018-01-19

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