EP3213832B1

EP3213832B1 - Spin-molding method

Info

Publication number: EP3213832B1
Application number: EP15855067.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Kohei MIKAMI; Yoshihide IMAMURA; Toshiro Tsuji; Yoshiro Kabe; Hayato Iwasaki; Hiroshi Kitano
Original assignee: Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd; Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Current assignee: Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd; Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Priority date: 2014-10-29
Filing date: 2015-10-13
Publication date: 2019-05-22
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-13
Also published as: JP6417185B2; EP3213832A1; US20170304885A1; JP2016083692A; CN107107147B; WO2016067537A1; CN107107147A; EP3213832A4

Description

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a spinning forming method of processing a plate, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 5.

Background Art

Conventionally known is a spinning forming method of forming a formation target region of a plate into a tapered shape by using a processing tool while rotating the plate (see PTL 1, for example).

Citation List

Patent Literature

PTL 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. 2011-218427

Summary of Invention

Technical Problem

According to a typical spinning forming method, while the processing tool is being pressed against the plate at a constant axial sending speed (a movement speed of the processing tool in a direction along a rotation axis of the plate), the processing tool is moved at a constant radial traveling speed (a movement speed of the processing tool in a direction vertically away from the rotation axis of the plate) from an inside edge of the formation target region of the plate toward an outside edge of the formation target region. Immediately after the processing tool reaches the outside edge of the formation target region, the processing tool is separated from the plate.
However, according to this method, a depression (a press mark by the processing tool) corresponding to the shape of the processing tool is formed at a position the plate from which position the processing tool is separated.
An object of the present invention is to provide a spinning forming method capable preventing the formation of the press mark by the processing tool.

Solution to Problem

To solve the above problems, a spinning forming method according to one aspect of the present invention is a spinning forming method of forming a formation target region of a plate into a tapered shape by using a processing tool while rotating the plate, the spinning forming method including: moving the processing tool from an inside edge of the formation target region to an outside edge of the formation target region while pressing the processing tool against the plate, characterized by rotating the plate in a state where a position of the processing tool is fixed at the outside edge.
According to the above configuration, the processing tool stands by at the outside edge (i.e., a forming finish point) of the formation target region. Therefore, the formation of the press mark by the processing tool can be prevented.
. A spinning forming method according to another aspect of the present invention is a spinning forming method of forming a formation target region of a plate into a tapered shape by using a processing tool while rotating the plate, the spinning forming method comprising: moving the processing tool from an inside edge of the formation target region to an outside edge of the formation target region while pressing the processing tool against the plate, characterized by reducing an axial sending speed and radial traveling speed of the processing tool when the processing tool is located in a vicinity of the outside edge.
According to the above configuration, the plate is slowly processed in the vicinity of the outside edge (i.e., the forming finish point) of the formation target region. Therefore, the formation of the press mark by the processing tool can be prevented.
The pressing of the processing tool against the plate may be performed while locally heating a portion of the plate, the portion being located on a same circumference as a portion of the plate against which portion the processing tool is pressed. According to this configuration, the portion of the plate against which portion the processing tool is pressed can be processed more intensively than a case where the plate is not heated and a case where the plate is entirely heated. Therefore, the operation of the processing tool for obtaining a desired shape is facilitated.
The processing tool may be a forming roller having a trapezoidal cross section that decreases in diameter in a direction away from a rotation axis of the plate, and the pressing of the forming roller against the plate may be performed in a state where a large-diameter portion of the forming roller is in point contact with the plate, and the forming roller is kept in such a posture that an angle between a side surface of the forming roller and a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the plate is not less than 1° and not more than 30°. According to this configuration, warp-up of a portion of the plate which portion is located outside the portion against which the processing tool is pressed can be restricted by the side surface of the forming roller.
The pressing of the processing tool against the plate may be performed in a state where a portion of the plate against which portion the processing tool is pressed is floating. According to this configuration, it is unnecessary to use a shaping die (mandrel) which has been often used in conventional spinning forming methods, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

The present invention can prevent the formation of the press mark by the processing tool.

Brief Description of Drawings

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a spinning forming method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a plate immediately before spinning forming starts. Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the plate when the spinning forming finishes.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a state where the processing tool is pressed against the plate immediately before the spinning forming finishes.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the plate after the spinning forming in a case where the processing tool is separated from the plate immediately after the processing tool reaches the outside edge of the formation target region.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the plate after the spinning forming in a case where the processing tool stands by when the processing tool reaches the outside edge of the formation target region and or a case where the axial sending speed and radial traveling speed of the processing tool are reduced from slightly before the processing tool reaches the outside edge of the formation target region.

Description of Embodiments

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a spinning forming method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This spinning forming method is a method of forming a formation target region R (see Fig. 2A) of a plate 1 into a tapered shape by using a processing tool 3 while rotating the plate 1.
The plate 1 is, for example, a flat circular plate. However, the shape of the plate 1 may be a polygonal shape or an oval shape. Further, the plate 1 does not necessarily have to be entirely flat. For example, the thickness of a center portion of the plate 1 may be smaller or larger than the thickness of a peripheral portion of the plate 1, and the plate 1 may be entirely or partially processed into a tapered shape in advance. A material of the plate 1 is not especially limited and is, for example, a titanium alloy.
The plate 1 is fixed to a rotating shaft 2. To be specific, a center line of the rotating shaft 2 corresponds to a rotation axis 10 of the plate 1. The rotation axis 10 of the plate 1 may be parallel to a vertical direction, may be parallel to a horizontal direction, or may extend in an oblique direction. The rotating shaft 2 is rotated by a rotating mechanism (not shown).
According to the present embodiment, a shaping die (mandrel) is not disposed at the rotating shaft 2. Only the center portion of the plate 1 is supported by the rotating shaft 2 not only before the start of the spinning forming but also during the spinning forming. To be specific, below-described pressing of the processing tool 3 against the plate 1 is performed in a state where a portion of the plate 1 against which portion the processing tool 3 is pressed is floating. According to this configuration, it is unnecessary to use the shaping die (mandrel) which has been commonly used in conventional spinning forming methods, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced. However, the shaping die (mandrel) may be disposed at the rotating shaft 2, and the portion of the plate 1 against which portion the processing tool 3 is pressed may be supported by the shaping die during the spinning forming.
As shown in Figs. 2A and 2B, the processing tool 3 is moved from an inside edge (i.e., a forming start point) Rs of the formation target region R toward an outside edge (i.e., a forming finish point) Re of the formation target region R while being pressed against the plate 1. The processing tool 3 is moved in a direction along the rotation axis 10 of the plate 1 at a specific axial sending speed corresponding to each position on the plate 1 to be pressed against the plate 1. Further, the processing tool 3 is moved in a direction vertically away from the rotation axis 10 of the plate 1 at a specific radial traveling speed corresponding to each position on the plate 1. In the present embodiment, used as the processing tool 3 is a forming roller 30 that follows the rotation of the plate 1 to rotate. However, the processing tool 3 is not limited to the forming roller 30 and may be, for example, a spatula.
More specifically, the forming roller 30 has a trapezoidal cross section that decreases in diameter in a direction away from the rotation axis 10 of the plate 1. To be specific, the forming roller 30 includes: a large-diameter bottom surface located closer to the rotation axis 10; a small-diameter top surface located at an opposite side of the rotation axis 10; and a tapered side surface 31 connecting the bottom surface with the top surface. To be specific, an annular corner portion between the side surface 31 and the bottom surface is a large-diameter portion, and an annular corner portion between the side surface 31 and the top surface is a small-diameter portion. It should be noted that a forming roller having a different cross section (such as a diamond cross section or a long round cross section) may be used as the processing tool 3.
In the present embodiment in which the forming roller 30 having the trapezoidal cross section is used as the processing tool 3, the pressing of the forming roller 30 against the plate 1 is performed in a state where: the large-diameter portion of the forming roller 30 is in point contact with the plate 1; and the forming roller 30 is kept in such a posture that an angle θ (see Fig. 2A) between the side surface 31 of the forming roller 30 and a plane (i.e., a plane parallel to the plate 1) orthogonal to the rotation axis 10 of the plate 1 is not less than 1° and not more than 30°.
Further, in the present embodiment, the pressing of the processing tool 3 against the plate 1 is performed while a portion of the plate 1 is locally heated by a heater 4, the portion being located on the same circumference as the portion against which the processing tool 3 is pressed. This expression "on the same circumference" denotes that the portion against which the processing tool 3 is pressed and the portion heated by the heater 4 are located within a ring-shaped range defined around the rotation axis 10 of the plate 1 and having a certain width. For example, the portion heated by the heater 4 may be located within a range centering the portion against which the processing tool 3 is pressed, the range corresponding to ±10% of a distance from the rotation axis 10 of the plate 1 to the portion against which the processing tool 3 is pressed.
In the present embodiment, the heater 4 is disposed at an opposite side of the processing tool 3 across the plate 1 so as to heat the plate 1 from a rear side. However, the heater 4 may be disposed at the same side as the processing tool 3 relative to the plate 1 so as to heat the plate 1 from a front side.
The heater 4 is desirably a high-frequency induction heater including a coil portion to which an alternating voltage having a high frequency of 5 k to 400 kHz is applied. In such a high-frequency induction heater, the coil portion desirably extends in a rotational direction of the plate 1 and has a doubled circular-arc shape facing the plate 1 so as to be able to perform local heating of the plate 1 continuously in the rotational direction of the plate 1. It should be noted that a gas burner may be used as the heater 4.
In the spinning forming method of the present embodiment, when the processing tool 3 reaches the outside edge Re of the formation target region R, the plate 1 is rotated in a state where the position of the processing tool 3 is fixed. Fig. 3 shows a state where the processing tool 3 is pressed against the plate 1 immediately before the spinning forming finishes. As with conventional arts, when the processing tool 3 is separated from the plate 1 immediately after the processing tool 3 reaches the outside edge Re of the formation target region R, as shown in Fig. 4, a depression (a press mark 11 by the processing tool 3) corresponding to the shape of the processing tool 3 is formed at a position of the plate 1 from which position the processing tool 3 is separated. However, according to the present embodiment, the processing tool 3 stands by at the outside edge Re of the formation target region R. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 5, the formation of the press mark 11 (see Fig. 4) by the processing tool 3 can be prevented.
A portion of the plate 1 which portion is located outside the portion against which the processing tool 3 is pressed may warp up toward the processing tool 3. In this case, the forming roller 30 having the trapezoidal cross section is used, and the posture of the forming roller 30 is kept as in the present embodiment. With this, the warp-up of the outside portion of the plate 1 can be restricted by the side surface 31 of the forming roller 30.

Modified Example

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
For example, in the above embodiment, the processing tool 3 stands by when the processing tool 3 reaches the outside edge Re of the formation target region R. However, the axial pressing speed and radial traveling speed of the processing tool 3 may be reduced in the vicinity of the outside edge Re. This expression "the vicinity of the outside edge Re" denotes a range which spreads from the outside edge Re inward to a portion corresponding to one fifth of the formation target region R as an upper limit and may be set arbitrarily. For example, when the processing tool 3 reaches a finish close point adjacent to the outside edge Re of the formation target region R, the axial sending speed and radial traveling speed of the processing tool 3 may be reduced to not more than half the axial sending speed and radial traveling speed of the processing tool 3 before the processing tool 3 reaches the finish close point.
According to the above configuration, the plate 1 is slowly processed in the vicinity of the outside edge Re of the formation target region R. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 5, the formation of the press mark 11 (see Fig. 4) by the processing tool 3 can be prevented.
Further, the pressing of the processing tool 3 against the plate 1 may be performed in a state where the plate 1 is entirely heated or a state where the plate 1 is not heated instead of a state where the plate 1 is locally heated. However, in a case where the plate 1 is locally heated as in the above embodiment, the portion of the plate 1 against which portion the processing tool 3 is pressed can be processed more intensively than the case where the plate 1 is not heated or the case where the plate 1 is entirely heated. Therefore, the operation of the processing tool 3 for obtaining a desired shape is facilitated.

Reference Signs List

1: plate
10: rotation axis
3: processing tool
30: forming roller
31: side surface

Claims

A spinning forming method of forming a formation target region (R) of a plate (1) into a tapered shape by using a processing tool (3) while rotating the plate (1), the spinning forming method comprising:
moving the processing tool (3) from an inside edge (Rs) of the formation target region (R) to an outside edge (Re) of the formation target region (R) while pressing the processing tool (3) against the plate, characterized by rotating the plate (1) in a state where a position of the processing tool (3) is fixed at the outside edge (Re).
The spinning forming method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing of the processing tool (3) against the plate (1) is performed while locally heating a portion of the plate (1), the portion being located on a same circumference as a portion of the plate against which portion the processing tool (3) is pressed.
The spinning forming method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the processing tool (3) is a forming roller (30) having a trapezoidal cross section that decreases in diameter in a direction away from a rotation axis (10) of the plate; and

the pressing of the forming roller (30) against the plate is performed in a state where a large-diameter portion of the forming roller (30) is in point contact with the plate (1), and the forming roller (30) is kept in such a posture that an angle between a side surface of the forming roller (30) and a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the plate (1) is not less than 1° and not more than 30°.
The spinning forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressing of the processing tool (3) against the plate (1) is performed in a state where a portion of the plate against which portion the processing tool (3) is pressed is floating.
A spinning forming method of forming a formation target region (R) of a plate (1) into a tapered shape by using a processing tool (3) while rotating the plate (1), the spinning forming method comprising:
moving the processing tool (3) from an inside edge (Rs) of the formation target region (R) to an outside edge (Re) of the formation target region while pressing the processing tool against the plate (1), characterized by

reducing an axial sending speed and radial traveling speed of the processing tool (3) when the processing tool is located in a vicinity of the outside edge (Re).
The spinning forming method according to claim 5, wherein the pressing of the processing tool (3) against the plate is performed while locally heating a portion of the plate, the portion being located on a same circumference as a portion of the plate (1) against which portion the processing tool (3) is pressed.
The spinning forming method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein:
the processing tool (3) is a forming roller (30) having a trapezoidal cross section that decreases in diameter in a direction away from a rotation axis (10) of the plate (1); and

the pressing of the forming roller (30) against the plate (1) is performed in a state where a large-diameter portion of the forming roller (30) is in point contact with the plate, and the forming roller (30) is kept in such a posture that an angle between a side surface of the forming roller (30) and a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis of the plate (1) is not less than 1° and not more than 30°.
The spinning forming method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the pressing of the processing tool (3) against the plate is performed in a state where a portion of the plate (1) against which portion the processing tool (3) is pressed is floating.