EP3210082B1 - Mechanical watch movement regulating member - Google Patents
Mechanical watch movement regulating member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3210082B1 EP3210082B1 EP15787179.9A EP15787179A EP3210082B1 EP 3210082 B1 EP3210082 B1 EP 3210082B1 EP 15787179 A EP15787179 A EP 15787179A EP 3210082 B1 EP3210082 B1 EP 3210082B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- regulating member
- vibrating
- oscillator
- previous
- escapement wheel
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/063—Balance construction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a regulating member, or oscillator, for a mechanical watchmaking movement comprising an escape wheel and a vibrating oscillator, in other words a resonator, including at least two vibrating members or arms, for example a tuning fork type blade, and an anchor portion for cooperating with the escape wheel.
- the present invention also relates to a watch movement comprising such a regulating member.
- This regulating member is intended to replace a conventional regulating member generally comprising a sprung balance and the associated exhaust.
- the escapement In a clockwork movement, the escapement has the function of transmitting the energy received by the gear train, itself driven by the mainspring, to the regulating member constituted by the balance-sprung assembly.
- This escapement generally comprises an independent anchor oscillating about an axis pivoted in the plate.
- the mechanical connection between the anchor and the resonator, constituted by the plate carrying the pin which abuts against each of the horns of the anchor, is relatively complicated.
- the sprung balance assembly requires a delicate adjustment.
- such resonators are generally limited to oscillation frequencies of 10 Hz at most.
- the document CH1685665 describes an escapement device comprising an anchor secured to a vibrating member where the anchor is arranged so that it oscillates perpendicular to the plane of the escape wheel.
- the anchor is fixed by embedding or welding, at the end of a vibrating blade embedded by its end in a rigid support.
- a tuning fork or a resonator derived from the tuning fork can be used instead of the vibrating blade, one of the branches bearing the anchor and the other branch oscillating freely while synchronizing with the first branch.
- the document CH442153 describes an escapement comprising a tuning fork, acting as a primary resonator, and a vibrating plate, acting as a secondary resonator, at the end of which is fixed an anchor provided with two diametrically opposed lifts with respect to the center of the escape wheel.
- the oscillating blade oscillates, the amplitude of its oscillation allowing the anchor to come lightly hit the end of one of the branches of the tuning fork which oscillates in turn to its own frequency.
- the document EP2574994 discloses a mechanical resonator comprising a tuning fork type oscillator cooperating with an anchor mounted to rotate and whose angular positions allow to lock and unlock an escape wheel.
- This resonator has the disadvantage that the frills necessary for the so-called free operation between the members mounted on the fork leg and the organs, in this case a fork, of the anchor result in loss phases at each alternation of the oscillator. These phases are known in the watch industry under the term lost path. On the other hand, the number of parts and their setting makes the implementation of this system very delicate.
- the present invention relates to a regulating member for a mechanical horological movement comprising an escape wheel and a vibrating oscillator provided with at least two vibrating arms and an integral anchor portion of said vibrating arms and comprising at least two members arranged so as to cooperate with each other. alternately with the teeth of the escape wheel, so as to maintain periodic alternations of the vibrating oscillator and to advance the escape wheel with each alternation of oscillations.
- the arms and the anchor portion are formed in one piece.
- the regulating member may be made from a process or a combination of subtractive and / or additive microfabrication processes, from a single substrate of a non-magnetic material or materials. whose combination will be non-magnetic.
- the chosen materials can be of type metallic or non-metallic, or a combination of both.
- the nonmagnetic metal materials may comprise at least partially metallic materials such as metal alloys, composites comprising at least one metal as well as at least partially amorphous metal alloys.
- Suitable non-metallic non-magnetic materials may include glasses (including quartz), ceramics, glass-ceramics and metalloids, such as silicon, which may be machined from a wafer and a suitable microfabrication process, as for example the DRIE.
- This solution has the particular advantage over the prior art of having a small footprint and require a number of parts less than that normally required in a conventional assortment or in a tuning organ tuning fork type.
- the high oscillation frequency of this solution makes it possible to have a better stability and accuracy of the operation of the oscillating member to wear, and allows a greater quality factor Q, while reducing the need for adjustment.
- the regulating member comprises an escape wheel and a vibrating oscillator (or resonator), comprising at least two vibrating arms, which is coupled in one piece with an anchor part.
- each vibrating oscillator vibrating arm carries a member, such as a lift, in other words a pallet, adapted to cooperate with the teeth of the escape wheel.
- the escape wheel can then advantageously be arranged between the vibrating arms and anchor part the vibrating oscillator.
- the Figures 1 and 2 represent a view from above of a regulating member 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the regulating member 1 comprises an escape wheel 5 and a vibrating oscillator 3 including two arms each comprising a vibrating element 31 ', such as a vibrating blade, and a mass element 32.
- the vibrating elements 31 'of each arm are part of a single vibrating element 31 forming a tuning fork
- the regulating member 1 also comprises a base 2 intended to be mounted on a plate or any other fixed part of a watch movement, or still on an intermediate frame (not shown) mounted itself on said watch movement, and on which the vibrating element 31 is fixed in the vicinity of its nodal point, by means of a foot 9 of limited rigidity to allow a Tuning mode (that is, the foot can also vibrate).
- each of the vibrating elements 31 ' has a distal end 36.
- the mass element 32 here comprises two separate mass elements 32', each extending from the distal end 36 of one of the elements 31 '.
- the frequency of the regulating member 1 can be controlled by varying the size of the vibrating element 31 and / or the size of the mass element 32.
- mass element 32 is meant a substantially more mass element and more rigid that the vibrating element 31. In other words, it is the mass element 32 which mainly constitutes the inertia of the vibrating oscillator 3.
- the anchor portion 4 of the regulating member 1 comprises in this embodiment two anchor portions 4 ', each of the anchor portions 4' extending from the mass element 32 'near the distal end 36 of one of the arms 31.
- Each of the anchor parts 4 ' comprises a member, here in the form of a lift 40, adapted to cooperate with the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5.
- the base 2, the arms 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor parts 4 ' generally extend in the same reference plane P, in an arc of a circle. 12.
- Mounting means 20 may be provided in the base 2 so as to fix the base 2 to the frame receiving the regulating member 1 by screwing 21.
- the base 2 may however be fixed by any other appropriate means.
- transverse "x” and longitudinal “y” orientations defining the reference plane P in which the regulating member 1 extends, as well as a perpendicular "z” axis, will be adopted in a nonlimiting manner.
- longitudinal and transversal orientations In the figure 1 the transverse "x” and longitudinal "y” orientations are represented in the plane of the page and the z axis leaves the page.
- the regulating member 1 is intended to cooperate with the escape wheel 5 (shown in FIG. figure 2 ).
- the escape wheel 5 is housed in an interior space 11 delimited by its arms, or not the vibrating elements 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor parts 4 '(or more generally the anchor part 4) .
- the escape wheel 5 is pivotally mounted around the center 12 so that a toothing 50 of the escape wheel 5 comes into cooperation with the lifts 40.
- the vibrating elements 31 ', the mass elements 32 'and the anchor parts 4' are in the same plane of reference P as the escape wheel 5 and are generally concentric with the pivot axis of the escape wheel 5.
- the vibrating elements 31 ' are able to oscillate in the manner of a tuning fork from their end fixed to the base 2.
- the vibrating elements 31' hold the mass elements 32 'and the anchor parts 4' also in oscillation.
- the elements 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor portions 4 ' are capable of oscillating according to a first fundamental oscillation mode, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3a (the displacements shown in Figures 3a to 3d are not to scale).
- the two elements 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor parts 4 ' oscillate in the reference plane P asymmetrically.
- the elements 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor parts 4 ' move together, in a back-and-forth motion in the same direction in the reference plane P.
- the movement of the elements 31 ', mass elements 32' and anchor portions 4 ' is indicated by the arrows and their displacement is compared with their rest position by the contour lines.
- the anchor parts 4 'oscillate and the lifts 40 alternately receive pulses of the teeth of the escape wheel 5, so as to alternately lock and release the escape wheel 5 and maintain the periodic oscillations of the vibrating oscillator 3.
- the regulating member 1 thus allows the successive escape of two teeth 50 so that the escape wheel Advancing a tooth in a back-and-forth movement of the anchor portions 4 ', in other words alternately.
- the Figures 14a and 14b represent the regulating member 1 according to another embodiment in which the regulating member 1 comprises a vibrating element formed of two blades 31 fixed to a base 2 at their proximal end.
- Each of the two blades 31 carries, at their distal end, a mass arm 32 comprising a tooth 40 of an anchor portion 4.
- An escape wheel 5 is placed between the two mass arms 32 so as to cooperate with the teeth 40.
- the vibrating elements 31 oscillate from their proximal end, driving in translation in a movement back and forth the two mass arms 32 '.
- the teeth 40 alternately receive pulses of the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5, so as to alternately lock and release the escape wheel 5 and maintain the periodic oscillations of the vibrating oscillator 3.
- each anchor portion 4 It is possible to equip each anchor portion 4 with more than one member 40 so that the escape wheel 5 advances at a different speed than an alternating tooth, as illustrated in FIG. figure 14 .
- each anchor portion 4 by equipping each anchor portion 4 with two members 40 instead of one, and distributing them in such a way that only one member 40 of the four (distributed over two anchor portions 4) co-operates with a tooth 50 of the escape wheel 5 at each oscillation, we obtain in such a configuration an advance of half a tooth alternately, or an advance of a tooth for two alternations.
- the frequency of rotation can be further reduced by the addition of more than two members 40 per anchor part 4.
- the regulating member 1 comprising the vibrating blade 31, the mass element 32 and the anchor 4 is made in one piece.
- the regulating member 1 may be made of the same material, preferably a non-magnetic material.
- This material may be of non-metallic type such as from the group comprising metalloids (in particular silicon), glasses (especially quartz), borosilicate, fused silica), ceramics or glass-ceramics.
- the material may also be an at least partially metallic material, or comprise a crystalline or amorphous metal or metal alloy, composites comprising at least one metal element or any other material suitable for precision machining.
- the regulating member 1 can be manufactured by a microfabrication process (additive or subtractive method), advantageously from a single substrate, such as for example a single wafer in the case of silicon (monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous).
- the escape wheel 5 may also be made of the same material as the oscillating member, possibly on the same wafer.
- the frequency of the first mode of oscillation of the regulating member 1 as well as the duration in time of the oscillation (or rate of damping of the oscillation) can be modified by changing the moment of inertia of the mass elements 32 .
- the mass elements 32 ' are arranged in such a way that the center of gravity of the assembly formed by a vibrating element 31' and a mass element 32 'is substantially at the distal end 36 of the arm 31' , that is to say at the junction between the arm 31 'and the mass element 32'.
- the figure 4 shows a perspective view of the regulating member 1, according to an embodiment in which at least one of the two mass elements 32 'comprises a counterweight 34.
- the counterweight 34 makes it possible to modify the moment of inertia of the element mass 32 'without substantially increasing the bulk of the vibrating oscillator 3.
- the weight 34 is advantageously made of a material having a density greater than that used for the rest of the vibrating oscillator 3 (and therefore of the mass elements 32') .
- the weight 34 may be made of gold or any other metal or dense alloy.
- the weight 34 can be machined by a conventional method and assembled, by gluing, brazing, bonding, screwing or pinning.
- figure 5 illustrates a side view of the regulating member 1, according to a variant in which the weight 34 is manufactured by the addition of material, for example by growth of material, on the surface of at least one of the mass elements 32 '.
- the weight 34 appears as a coating over the mass element 32 '.
- the growth of material can be carried out over the entire surface or a portion of the surface of the mass elements 32 '.
- the added material may comprise gold, a gold alloy or any other material for increasing the density of the mass element 32 '.
- the addition of material can also be achieved in the thickness of at least one of the two mass elements 32 '.
- the addition of material can be made with the same material as that forming the mass elements 32 '(and the rest of the regulating member 1).
- the oscillation frequency of the vibrating oscillator 3 can be adjusted by modifying the inertia of the mass elements 32 'and / or the weights 34.
- the frequency can be increased by ablation of material on minus one of the mass elements and / or at least one flyweight.
- Ablation of material can be performed by laser machining, by breaking detachable elements (as described in the document CH656044 ) or by any other appropriate method. If detachable elements are used, they can be made during the same operation as the manufacturing operation of the regulating organ.
- the figure 12 illustrates the vibrating oscillator 3 according to a variant in which the mass elements 32 'carry a plurality of detachable elements 37 at each of their ends.
- Each of the detachable elements 37 can be removed from the mass element 32 'by breaking at a reduced section 37' of the detachable element 37.
- the frequency of the regulating member can be reduced by increasing the length of the vibrating elements 31 'and / or the mass elements 32' of the regulating member, in particular by eliminating one or more of the elements 37 ".
- the elements 37 are all the same size and the same mass.
- detachable elements with different masses are used.
- the detachable elements can be dimensioned into five different masses in order to correspond, respectively, to a correction of: 1 s / d, 2 s / d, 4 s / d, 8 s / d, and 16 s / day. In this way, it is possible to correct from 1 to 31 s / d by detaching a combination of appropriate elements.
- the regulating member 1 can also oscillate according to other oscillation modes (harmonics) than the first oscillation mode described above.
- the figure 3b illustrates the vibrating oscillator 3 oscillating in a second oscillation mode, wherein the vibrating elements 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor portions 4 'oscillate in the reference plane P (in the transverse orientations "x" and longitudinal "y") symmetrically.
- the vibrating elements 31 ', the mass elements 32' and the anchor parts 4 ' move together, successively towards the center 12 and away from the center 12. It will be understood that this mode of oscillation is not favorable to the function of the anchor of the regulating organ 1 since the lifts 40 are narrowed towards the wheel 5 exhaust and separate successively, not allowing the regulation of the pivoting of the escape wheel 5.
- a third and fourth mode of oscillation are illustrated respectively in Figures 3c and 3d , in which the two blade arms 31 ', the mass arms 32' and the anchor arms 4 'oscillate out of the reference plane P (along the "z" axis).
- the oscillation frequency of the different oscillation modes depends on the geometry of the vibrating oscillator 3 and, as discussed above, can be adjusted by modifying the moment of inertia of the mass element 32.
- the corresponding periodic oscillations in the first oscillation mode where the vibrating oscillator 3 oscillates in the reference plane can have a frequency ranging from about 10 Hz to 5,000 Hz, but preferably are between 10 Hz to 400 Hz, or between 60 Hz and 5'000 Hz, or between 60 Hz and 200 Hz.
- the moment of inertia of the mass element 32 is modified so that the oscillation frequency of the first oscillation mode is about 100 Hz, the oscillation frequency of the second oscillation mode is about 128 Hz, and the oscillation frequency of the third and fourth oscillation modes is about 183.5 Hz and 205.8 Hz, respectively.
- the time of a rest phase of the regulating member 1 is about 1 ms, and the time of a pulse phase is a little more than 1 ms. The regulating member 1 is thus very little disturbed by the friction or impact during the contacts between the lifts 40 with the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5.
- the regulating member 1 comprises an on / off mechanism 60 comprising a lever 61 actuated by the pull tab 62 of a time-setting mechanism and configured to stop and hold the regulating member 1 at a standstill, by stopping the elements vibrators 31 'and the mass elements 32' of the vibrating oscillator 3 in an unbalanced position, corresponding to one of the two extreme positions of the vibrating oscillator 3 in normal operating mode (or an eccentric position with respect to the escape wheel 5) so as to provide a self-starting function of a movement watchmaker.
- the regulating member 1 is started in the first oscillation mode.
- the vibration of the regulating member in either one of the second, third and fourth modes of oscillation can be prevented by blocking the vibration of these modes by stops or by other means.
- the figure 6 shows the regulating member 1 comprising stops 6, according to one embodiment in which each of the stops 6 is formed integral with one of the mass elements 32 'in the plane P so as to abut one against the other when the regulating member 1 oscillates symmetrically.
- the stops 6 thus prevent the vibrating oscillator 3d'osciller according to the second oscillation mode.
- stops can also be configured to prevent the movement of the vibrating oscillator 3 along the "z" axis, or along the "x", "y” and “z” axes. in case of shock.
- the regulating member 1 comprises a setting mechanism of the reference point.
- the adjustment mechanism takes the form of an adjustment fork 8 integral with the base 2 and arranged to cooperate without play with an eccentric adjustment 80 (see figure 2 ) pivoting in the plate (or any other fixed part of the movement or frame in which the regulating member is mounted).
- the control eccentric 80 is configured to move in the reference plane P so as to drive, via the adjustment range 8, the vibrating oscillator 3 in rotation about a pivot point shown by the number 22 on the Figures 1, 2 and 8 .
- the vibrating oscillator 3 can be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise so as to adjust the penetration of the lifts 40 relative to the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5
- the adjustment amplitude may, for example, be of the order of about ⁇ 120 ⁇ m.
- the adjustment range 8 may be sufficiently flexible so as to absorb any gaps between the adjustment range 8 and the eccentric adjustment 80, and thus ensure immediate drive of the vibrating oscillator 3 in both directions of rotation.
- the base 2 comprises stops to limit the transverse movement in the reference plane P (see the elements 6 'in the variant of FIG. figure 8 ).
- Such stops can be oriented on an axis perpendicular to the plane of the escape wheel
- the regulating member 1 comprises a second oscillator 7 arranged to oscillate freely, that is to say, without being disturbed by the lifts 40.
- the second oscillator 7 can be coupled to the oscillation of the regulating member 1 by sympathetic resonance. The second oscillator 7 thus makes it possible to reduce the disturbances due to the impact of the teeth 50 on the lifts 40.
- the transmission and the coupling of the vibrations between the vibrating oscillator 3 which cooperates with the escape wheel 5, and the second oscillator 7 can be done by means of support materials (mechanical resonance), an ambient fluid (acoustic resonance) or magnetic coupling.
- the surface of the vibrating oscillator 3 can be modified (for example by nano structuration) so as to increase the displaced wave pressure and thus promote the quality synchronization.
- the geometry of the regulating member 1 can be modified
- the second free oscillator 7 can be mounted under a controlled atmosphere, for example in a magnetically permeable capsule (not shown), so as to improve the quality factor of the regulating member 1.
- the second oscillator 7 contributes to the improvement of the quality factor of the regulating member 1.
- FIG. figure 11 Another variant of such a dual oscillator is also illustrated in FIG. figure 11 .
- the second resonator 7 comprises a second vibrating element 71 also divided into two elements or vibrating arms 71 'and a second mass element 72 also divided into two mass elements 72' so as to give a balanced configuration almost in the shape of a "H" To the regulating organ 1.
- the figure 8 represents the regulating member 1 according to another one embodiment in which the base 2 is arranged in the inner space 11 of the vibrating oscillator 3, but in a lower plane below the escape wheel 5.
- the configuration of the vibrating oscillator 3 of the figure 8 is more compact.
- the base 2 may comprise stops 6 'which prevent the transverse movements of the anchor arms 4' in the reference plane P.
- FIGs 9a and 9b show a detailed view of the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5, according to one embodiment.
- Each of the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5 comprises an inclined plane of impulse 51 and an inclined plane 52.
- Each of the lifts 40 also includes an inclined plane 41 but does not include a pulse plane, the top 42 of the lift 40 having rather a peak shape.
- the configuration of the teeth 50 of the escape wheel 5 and the lifts 40 in this embodiment allows the lifts 40 to receive the pulses of the teeth 50, and to maintain the oscillations of the vibrating oscillator 3 while advancing the exhaust wheel 5 in one direction or the other.
- the regulating member 1 can operate whatever the direction of rotation of the escape wheel 5.
- figure 9a shows a lift 40 engaged with the pulse plane 51 of a tooth 50 during the pulse phase
- the figure 9b shows a lift 40 engaged with the rest plane 52 of a tooth 50 during the rest phase.
- the latter can be provided with elastic arms 53 ( figure 2 ) so as to absorb the shocks of the lifts 40 on the teeth 50.
- the regulating member 1 may comprise thermal compensation means including compensating coatings, zero thermoelastic coefficient materials, and other means similar to those used on the rockers, for example bimetallic structures, or others.
- the vibrating oscillator 3 may comprise a coating of silicon dioxide deposited on at least a portion of its surface.
- the thermal compensation means of a vibrating oscillator made of silicon may be one of the means described in the document CH699780 of the plaintiff.
- each vibrating element each mass element and / or each anchor part can be assimilated together as a single element or vibrating arm of the regulating organ.
- the vibrating elements 31 ' have a different shape with an intermediate section bent in the other direction, which makes it possible to stiffen the blades (the lifts of the anchor part are not visible in this figure).
- the members of the anchor portion (4, 4 ') adapted to cooperate with the teeth of the escape wheel may take different forms, just like the teeth of the escape wheel.
- the figure 15 represents another embodiment of the regulating member 1 in which the mass element 32 allow the anchor portion 4, 40 to rotate about a single axis.
- the mass element 32 comprises two elements 32 'extending generally in the same plane P in an arc of a circle with respect to a center 12.
- the escape wheel 5 is disposed in the interior space 11 delimited by these mass arms 32 ', each carrying a tooth 4 of the anchor part 4.
- the escapement wheel 5 is pivotally mounted around the center 12 so that a toothing (not shown) of the escape wheel 5 comes into effect. cooperation with the teeth 40.
- the escape wheel 5 is in the same plane P as the escape wheel 5, the latter being concentric with a circle inscribed by the mass arms 32 '.
- Vibrating elements 31 are arranged in a star (here three vibrating elements 31 angularly spaced by about 120 °) and fixed at a proximal end of a base 2 having the shape of a circular arc.
- the distal end of the vibrating elements 31 is attached to the mass element 32 via a foot 9.
- the oscillation of the vibrating elements 31 gives an oscillation movement in the plane P as indicated by the arrow 90 in FIG.
- the figure 16 represents another configuration of the regulating member 1 in which the vibrating oscillator 3 comprises a mass element 32, the vibrating oscillator 3 constituting the time base of the regulating member 1.
- the mass element 32 comprises the anchor part 4 and the members 40 configured to cooperate directly with the escapement wheel 5 so as to maintain oscillations of the first resonator 3 and to oscillate the escapement mobile 5 with each alternation of oscillations.
- the vibrating oscillator 3 is formed of three vibrating elements 31 extending radially from a center 12 in a plane P.
- the vibrating elements 31 are angularly spaced about 120 ° from each other. other.
- Each of the vibrating elements 31 is fixed at its proximal end (near the center 12) to a base 2 intended to be mounted on a plate or any other fixed part of a clockwork movement or on an intermediate frame mounted itself on said movement watchmaker.
- the distal end 35 of each of the vibrating elements 31 is fixed to the mass element 32.
- Each of the vibrating elements 31 can therefore vibrate or oscillate freely between its distal and proximal end.
- mounting means 20 may be provided in the base 2 so as to fix the base 2 to a frame 10.
- the frame 10 may comprise a cage as illustrated in FIG. figure 12 .
- the frame 10 is intended to be mounted fixed or mobile on a watch movement (not shown).
- the base 2 is mounted directly on the watch movement, for example on a plate or a bridge.
- the frame 10 has the advantage of facilitating assembly, disassembly, adjustment and dedicated operations within the framework of the after-sales service of the oscillator 1.
- the frame 10 can take the form of a cage (as in the figure 1 ) or a capsule.
- the frame 10 can be mounted and adjusted on a part of the movement, for example the plate, in order to cooperate with the gear which it regulates.
- the escape wheel is an escape wheel 5 pivotally mounted around a shaft 54, itself mounted in a bridge 21 fixed with the base 2.
- the bridge may comprise an upper bridge 21 and a lower bridge 21 '.
- the figure 17 illustrates diagrammatically different vibrating elements 31.
- the vibrating elements 31 may be constituted so as to limit the stresses, particularly at their ends (proximal and distal). This can be done using distributed load beams ( figure 17b ), to multi-leaf vibrating elements ( Figures 17a and 17d ), or by modifying the local section of a beam by making local openings ( figure 17e ), drillings for example. It is possible to lengthen the active blade length without increasing the length of the vibrating element by producing "serpentine" type structures ( figure 17c ), which makes it possible to reduce the charges in a very significant way. Finally, it is possible to reduce the risk of breaks in the recesses by softening the sharp angles, which generally represent primers of rupture or fatigue.
- a mass resonator M (expressed in g) and comprising several vibrating elements 31 formed of simple beams of stiffness k (expressed in mN.m / rad) and characterized by a height h and a thickness e
- a ratio k / M between 0.1 and 1.0 and a ratio w / e between 3 and 20 give particularly satisfactory results.
- a characteristic of the various configurations described above is that the mass element 32 is supported only by the base 2 via the vibrating element 31. In this way, the friction that is found is significantly reduced. in the case of a regulating member of the spiral balance type.
- the regulating member of the present invention also has a novel aesthetic and can be advantageously incorporated in a watch movement of a watch in a manner to make them visible to the wearer of the watch.
- the regulating member may be mounted above or below the motor member of the movement.
- the escape wheel 5 may be adapted to rotate at a speed of one revolution per minute.
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Description
La présente invention concerne un organe réglant, ou oscillateur, pour un mouvement horloger mécanique comprenant une roue d'échappement et un oscillateur vibrant, autrement dit un résonateur, incluant au moins deux organes ou bras vibrants, par exemple une lame de type diapason, et une partie ancre destinée à coopérer avec la roue d'échappement. La présente invention concerne également un mouvement horloger comprenant un tel organe réglant. Cet organe réglant est destiné à remplacer un organe réglant conventionnel comprenant généralement un balancier-spiral et l'échappement associé.The present invention relates to a regulating member, or oscillator, for a mechanical watchmaking movement comprising an escape wheel and a vibrating oscillator, in other words a resonator, including at least two vibrating members or arms, for example a tuning fork type blade, and an anchor portion for cooperating with the escape wheel. The present invention also relates to a watch movement comprising such a regulating member. This regulating member is intended to replace a conventional regulating member generally comprising a sprung balance and the associated exhaust.
Dans un mouvement d'horlogerie, l'échappement a pour fonction de transmettre l'énergie reçue par le rouage, lui-même entraîné par le ressort-moteur, à l'organe réglant constitué par l'ensemble balancier-spiral. Cet échappement comprend généralement une ancre indépendante oscillant autour d'un axe pivoté dans la platine. La liaison mécanique entre l'ancre et le résonateur, constituée par le plateau portant la cheville qui vient buter contre chacune des cornes de l'ancre, est relativement compliquée. En outre, l'ensemble balancier-spiral nécessite un réglage délicat. Enfin, de tels résonateurs sont généralement limités à des fréquences d'oscillation de 10Hz au plus.In a clockwork movement, the escapement has the function of transmitting the energy received by the gear train, itself driven by the mainspring, to the regulating member constituted by the balance-sprung assembly. This escapement generally comprises an independent anchor oscillating about an axis pivoted in the plate. The mechanical connection between the anchor and the resonator, constituted by the plate carrying the pin which abuts against each of the horns of the anchor, is relatively complicated. In addition, the sprung balance assembly requires a delicate adjustment. Finally, such resonators are generally limited to oscillation frequencies of 10 Hz at most.
Le document
Le document
Le document
La présente invention concerne un organe réglant pour un mouvement horloger mécanique comprenant une roue d'échappement et un oscillateur vibrant muni d'au moins deux bras vibrants et une partie ancre solidaire desdits bras vibrants et comprenant au moins deux organes arrangés de manière à coopérer de façon alternée avec les dents de la roue d'échappement, de sorte à entretenir des alternances périodiques de l'oscillateur vibrant et à faire avancer la roue d'échappement à chaque alternance des oscillations.The present invention relates to a regulating member for a mechanical horological movement comprising an escape wheel and a vibrating oscillator provided with at least two vibrating arms and an integral anchor portion of said vibrating arms and comprising at least two members arranged so as to cooperate with each other. alternately with the teeth of the escape wheel, so as to maintain periodic alternations of the vibrating oscillator and to advance the escape wheel with each alternation of oscillations.
De préférence, les bras et la partie ancre sont formées en une seule pièce. Selon une forme d'exécution, l'organe réglant peut être réalisé à partir d'un procédé ou d'une combinaison de procédés de microfabrication soustractive et/ou additive, à partir d'un seul substrat d'un matériau amagnétique ou de matériaux dont la combinaison sera amagnétique. Les matériaux choisis peuvent être de type métalliques ou non métalliques, ou une combinaison des deux. Les matériaux amagnétiques métalliques peuvent comprendre des matériaux au moins partiellement métalliques tels que des alliages métalliques, des composites comprenant au moins un métal ainsi que des alliages métalliques au moins partiellement amorphes.Preferably, the arms and the anchor portion are formed in one piece. According to one embodiment, the regulating member may be made from a process or a combination of subtractive and / or additive microfabrication processes, from a single substrate of a non-magnetic material or materials. whose combination will be non-magnetic. The chosen materials can be of type metallic or non-metallic, or a combination of both. The nonmagnetic metal materials may comprise at least partially metallic materials such as metal alloys, composites comprising at least one metal as well as at least partially amorphous metal alloys.
Les matériaux amagnétiques non métalliques appropriés peuvent comprendre les verres (dont le quartz), les céramiques, les vitrocéramiques et les métalloïdes, comme par exemple le silicium, qui pourra être usiné à partir d'un wafer et d'un procédé de microfabrication approprié, comme par exemple le DRIE.Suitable non-metallic non-magnetic materials may include glasses (including quartz), ceramics, glass-ceramics and metalloids, such as silicon, which may be machined from a wafer and a suitable microfabrication process, as for example the DRIE.
Cette solution présente notamment l'avantage par rapport à l'art antérieur d'avoir un faible encombrement et de nécessiter un nombre de pièces inférieur à celui normalement requis dans un assortiment conventionnel ou dans un organe réglant de type diapason.This solution has the particular advantage over the prior art of having a small footprint and require a number of parts less than that normally required in a conventional assortment or in a tuning organ tuning fork type.
De plus, la fréquence d'oscillation élevée de cette solution permet d'avoir une meilleure stabilité et précision de la marche de l'organe oscillant au porter, et permet un plus grand facteur de qualité Q, tout en réduisant les besoins de réglage.In addition, the high oscillation frequency of this solution makes it possible to have a better stability and accuracy of the operation of the oscillating member to wear, and allows a greater quality factor Q, while reducing the need for adjustment.
Des exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sont indiqués dans la description illustrée par les figures annexées dans lesquelles:
- la
figure 1 représente une vue de dessus d'un oscillateur vibrant, selon un mode de réalisation; - la
figure 2 représente une vue de dessus de l'oscillateur vibrant en coopération avec une roue d'échappement, selon un mode de réalisation; - Les
figures 3a à 3d illustrent l'oscillation de l'oscillateur vibrant de lafigure 1 selon un premier mode d'oscillation fondamental (figure 3a ), un second mode (3b), un troisième mode (figure 3c ) et un quatrième mode (figure 3d ), selon un mode de réalisation; - la
figure 4 montre une vue en perspective de l'oscillateur vibrant comprenant des masselottes, selon un mode de réalisation; - la
figure 5 illustre une vue de côté de l'oscillateur vibrant comprenant des masselottes, selon un autre mode de réalisation; - la
figure 6 montre l'oscillateur vibrant comprenant des butées, selon un mode de réalisation; - la
figure 7 montre une vue en perspective de l'organe réglant, comportant un second oscillateur, selon un autre mode de réalisation; - la
figure 8 montre une vue en perspective de l'oscillateur vibrant, selon encore un autre mode de réalisation; - la
figure 9 représente une vue de détail des dents de la roue d'échappement coopérant avec des organes d'une partie ancre de l'oscillateur vibrant, selon un mode de réalisation; - la
figure 10 illustre l'organe réglant comportant un mécanisme marche/arrêt, selon un mode de réalisation; - la
figure 11 montre une variante de l'organe réglant comportant un second oscillateur; - la
figure 12 montre une autre variante de l'oscillateur vibrant comportant une pluralité d'éléments détachables; - la
figure 13 représente une vue de dessus de l'oscillateur vibrant, selon une autre variante exemplaire; - la
figure 14 représente une vue schématique d'une autre variante de l'organe vibrant; - La
figure 15 représente l'organe réglant, selon un autre mode de réalisation; - La
figure 16 représente l'organe réglant, encore selon un autre mode de réalisation; - la
figure 17 illustre schématiquement des éléments vibrants, selon divers mode de réalisation.
- the
figure 1 represents a top view of a vibrating oscillator, according to one embodiment; - the
figure 2 represents a top view of the vibrating oscillator in cooperation with an escape wheel, according to one embodiment; - The
Figures 3a to 3d illustrate the oscillation of the vibrating oscillator of thefigure 1 according to a first fundamental oscillation mode (figure 3a ), a second mode (3b), a third mode (figure 3c ) and a fourth mode (figure 3d ), according to one embodiment; - the
figure 4 shows a perspective view of the vibrating oscillator comprising weights, according to one embodiment; - the
figure 5 illustrates a side view of the vibrating oscillator comprising weights, according to another embodiment; - the
figure 6 shows the vibrating oscillator comprising stops, according to one embodiment; - the
figure 7 shows a perspective view of the regulating member, comprising a second oscillator, according to another embodiment; - the
figure 8 shows a perspective view of the vibrating oscillator, according to yet another embodiment; - the
figure 9 is a detail view of the teeth of the escape wheel cooperating with members of an anchor portion of the vibrating oscillator, according to one embodiment; - the
figure 10 illustrates the regulating member comprising an on / off mechanism, according to one embodiment; - the
figure 11 shows a variant of the regulating member comprising a second oscillator; - the
figure 12 shows another variant of the vibrating oscillator comprising a plurality of detachable elements; - the
figure 13 represents a view from above of the vibrating oscillator, according to another exemplary variant; - the
figure 14 represents a schematic view of another variant of the vibrating member; - The
figure 15 represents the regulating member, according to another embodiment; - The
figure 16 represents the regulating member, still according to another embodiment; - the
figure 17 schematically illustrates vibrating elements, according to various embodiments.
Selon l'invention, l'organe réglant comprend une roue d'échappement et un oscillateur vibrant (ou résonateur), comportant au moins deux bras vibrants, qui est couplé en une seule pièce avec une partie ancre. Notamment chaque bras vibrant de l'oscillateur vibrant porte un organe, tel qu'une levée, autrement dit une palette, adapté pour coopérer avec les dents de la roue d'échappement. La roue d'échappement peut alors être avantageusement disposée entre les bras vibrants et partie ancre l'oscillateur vibrant.According to the invention, the regulating member comprises an escape wheel and a vibrating oscillator (or resonator), comprising at least two vibrating arms, which is coupled in one piece with an anchor part. In particular, each vibrating oscillator vibrating arm carries a member, such as a lift, in other words a pallet, adapted to cooperate with the teeth of the escape wheel. The escape wheel can then advantageously be arranged between the vibrating arms and anchor part the vibrating oscillator.
Les
La partie ancre 4 de l'organe réglant 1 comprend dans ce mode de réalisation deux parties ancre 4', chacune des parties ancre 4' s'étendant de l'élément massique 32' près de l'extrémité distale 36 d'un des bras 31'. Chacune des parties ancre 4' comprend un organe, ici en forme de levée 40, adapté pour coopérer avec les dents 50 de la roue d'échappement 5. De préférence, la base 2, les bras 31', les éléments massiques 32' et les parties ancre 4' s'étendent généralement dans un même plan de référence P, en arc de cercle par rapport à un centre 12. Des moyens de montage 20 peuvent être pratiqués dans la base 2 de manière à fixer la base 2 au bâti recevant l'organe réglant 1 par vissage 21. La base 2 peut cependant être fixée par tout autre moyen approprié.The
Pour la suite de la description on adoptera à titre non limitatif des orientations transversale "x" et longitudinale "y", définissant le plan de référence P dans lequel s'étend l'organe réglant 1, ainsi qu'un axe "z" perpendiculaire aux orientations longitudinale et transversale. Dans la
L'organe réglant 1 est destiné à coopérer avec la roue d'échappement 5 (montrée à la
Les éléments vibrants 31' sont susceptibles d'osciller à la manière d'un diapason à partir de leur extrémité fixée à la base 2. Lorsqu'ils oscillent, les éléments vibrants 31' maintiennent les éléments massiques 32' et les parties ancre 4' également en oscillation. En particulier, les éléments 31', les éléments massiques 32' et les parties ancre 4' sont susceptibles d'osciller selon un premier mode d'oscillation fondamental, tel qu'illustré à la
Lorsque l'organe réglant 1 coopère avec la roue d'échappement 5 et oscille dans le premier mode d'oscillation, les parties ancre 4' oscillent et les levées 40 reçoivent de façon alternée des impulsions des dents de la roue d'échappement 5, de manière à alternativement verrouiller et libérer la roue d'échappement 5 et à entretenir les oscillations périodiques de l'oscillateur vibrant 3. L'organe réglant 1 permet donc l'échappement successif de deux dents 50 de telle manière que la roue d'échappement 5 avance d'une dent dans un mouvement de va-et-vient des parties ancre 4', autrement dit par alternance.When the regulating
Les
Il est possible d'équiper chaque partie ancre 4 de plus d'un organe 40 de sorte que la roue d'échappement 5 avance à une vitesse différente qu'une dent par alternance, comme l'illustré à la
De la même manière, la fréquence de rotation peut encore être diminuée par l'adjonction de plus de deux organes 40 par partie ancre 4. Dans une telle configuration, il est aussi aisé de modifier les fonctions des organes 40, de sorte que certains participent uniquement au dégagement de la roue 5 tandis que d'autre participent au dégagement et à l'impulsion, soit l'entretien du résonateur, obtenant ainsi un échappement dit à coups perdus, dont le rendement est généralement supérieur, comme c'est le cas des échappements à détente.In the same way, the frequency of rotation can be further reduced by the addition of more than two
Il est aussi évident que de telles variantes d'échappement pourraient tout aussi bien s'appliquer, avec les adaptations nécessaires, à tout autre type d'échappement que celui-ci, comme par exemple et sans être limitatif, à des échappements à ancre, à détente, à cylindre ou de type tangentiel ou des échappements sans contact, comme des échappements magnétiques.It is also obvious that such exhaust variants could equally well apply, with the necessary adaptations, to any other type of escapement than this one, as for example and without being limiting, to anchor escapements, with expansion, cylinder or tangential type or non-contact exhausts, such as magnetic exhausts.
Dans la configuration des
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'organe réglant 1 comprenant la lame vibrante 31, l'élément massique 32 et l'ancre 4 est fabriqué en une seule pièce. Par exemple, l'organe réglant 1 peut être réalisé dans un même matériau, de préférence un matériau amagnétique. Ce matériau pourra être de type non métallique tel qu'issu du groupe comprenant les métalloïdes (notamment le silicium), les verres (notamment le quartz), le borosilicate, le fused silica), les céramiques ou encore les vitrocéramiques. Le matériau pourra aussi être un matériau au moins partiellement métallique, ou comprendre un métal ou un alliage métallique cristallin ou amorphe, des composites comprenant au moins un élément métallique ou tout autre matériau adapté à un usinage de précision. L'organe réglant 1 peut être fabriqué par un procédé de microfabrication (méthode additive ou soustractive), avantageusement à partir d'un seul substrat, comme par exemple un seul wafer dans le cas du silicium (monocristallin, polycristallin ou amorphe). La roue d'échappement 5 peut également être fabriquée dans le même matériau que l'organe oscillant, possiblement sur le même wafer.In one embodiment, the regulating
La fréquence du premier mode d'oscillation de l'organe réglant 1 ainsi que la durée dans le temps de l'oscillation (ou taux d'amortissement de l'oscillation) peuvent être modifiées en changeant le moment d'inertie des éléments massiques 32'. Un moment d'inertie plus élevé des éléments massiques 32' résulte dans une fréquence d'oscillation plus basse de l'organe réglant 1 et une durée d'oscillation plus longue (amortissement moins rapide des oscillations).The frequency of the first mode of oscillation of the regulating
Dans une variante, les éléments massiques 32' sont arrangés de manière à ce que le centre de gravité de l'ensemble formé par un élément vibrant 31' et un élément massique 32' se trouve sensiblement à l'extrémité distale 36 du bras 31', c'est-à-dire à la jonction entre le bras 31' et l'élément massique 32'.In one variant, the
La
De manière plus générale, la fréquence d'oscillation de l'oscillateur vibrant 3 peut être réglée en modifiant l'inertie des éléments massiques 32' et/ou des masselottes 34. En particulier, la fréquence peut être augmentée par ablation de matière sur au moins l'un des éléments massiques et/ou d'au moins une masselotte. L'ablation de matière peut être réalisée par usinage laser, par rupture d'éléments détachables (tel que décrit dans le document
Dans la
L'organe réglant 1 peut également osciller selon d'autres modes d'oscillations (harmoniques) que le premier mode d'oscillation décrit ci-dessus. Par exemple, la
Un troisième et quatrième mode d'oscillation sont illustrés respectivement aux
La fréquence d'oscillation des différents modes d'oscillation dépend de la géométrie de l'oscillateur vibrant 3 et, comme discuté ci-dessus, peut être ajustée en modifiant le moment d'inertie de l'élément massique 32. Les oscillations périodiques correspondant au premier mode d'oscillation où l'oscillateur vibrant 3 oscille dans le plan de référence peuvent avoir une fréquence allant de 10 Hz environ à 5'000 Hz, mais de préférence sont entre 10 Hz à 400 Hz, ou encore entre 60 Hz et 5'000 Hz, ou encore entre 60 Hz et 200 Hz. Dans un mode de réalisation, le moment d'inertie de l'élément massique 32 est modifié de sorte que la fréquence d'oscillation du premier mode d'oscillation est d'environ 100 Hz, la fréquence d'oscillation du second mode d'oscillation est d'environ 128 Hz, et la fréquence d'oscillation du troisième et quatrième mode d'oscillation est d'environ 183.5 Hz et 205.8 Hz, respectivement. A une fréquence de 100 Hz, le temps d'une phase de repos de l'organe réglant 1 est d'environ 1 ms, et le temps d'une phase d'impulsion est d'un peu plus de 1 ms. L'organe réglant 1 est donc très peu perturbé par les frottements ou chocs lors des contacts entre les levées 40 avec les dents 50 de la roue d'échappement 5.The oscillation frequency of the different oscillation modes depends on the geometry of the vibrating
Dans un mode de réalisation illustré à la
Encore selon une autre forme d'exécution, l'organe réglant 1 comporte un mécanisme de réglage du point de repère. Dans l'exemple des
Dans une autre variante de la forme d'exécution, la base 2 comprend des butées permettant de limiter le mouvement transversal dans le plan de référence P (voir les éléments 6' dans la variante de la
L'oscillation de l'oscillateur vibrant 3 peut être perturbée par l'impulsion des dents 50 de la roue d'échappement sur ses levées 40. Dans un mode de réalisation illustré à la
La transmission et l'accouplage des vibrations entre l'oscillateur vibrant 3 qui coopère avec la roue d'échappement 5, et le second oscillateur 7 peut se faire par l'intermédiaire de matériaux de support (résonance mécanique), d'un fluide ambiant (résonance acoustique) ou par couplage magnétique. Dans le cas d'un couplage par l'intermédiaire d'un fluide ambiant, la surface de l'oscillateur vibrant 3 peut être modifiée (par exemple par nano structuration) de manière à augmenter la pression d'ondes déplacées et ainsi favoriser la qualité de la synchronisation. De façon alternative, ou en combinaison, la géométrie de l'organe réglant 1 peut être modifiée Dans le cas d'un couplage magnétique, le second oscillateur libre 7 peut être monté sous une atmosphère contrôlé, par exemple dans une capsule magnétiquement perméable (non représentée), de manière à améliorer le facteur de qualité de l'organe réglant 1. De manière générale, le second oscillateur 7 contribue à l'amélioration du facteur de qualité de l'organe réglant 1.The transmission and the coupling of the vibrations between the vibrating
Une autre variante d'un tel double oscillateur est également illustrée à la
Il va de soi que la présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit et que diverses modifications et variantes simples peuvent être envisagées par l'homme de métier sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described and that various modifications and simple variants can be envisaged by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
La
Les
De manière à limiter de possibles rebonds des levées 40 lors de l'impulsion sur les dents 50 de la roue d'échappement 5, cette dernière peut être pourvue de bras 53 élastiques (
L'organe réglant 1 peut comprendre des moyens de compensation thermique incluant des revêtements compensateurs, des matières à coefficient thermoélastiques nuls, et autres moyens analogues à ceux utilisés sur les balanciers, par exemple des structures bimétalliques, ou autres. Par exemple, si l'oscillateur vibrant 3 est fabriqué en silicium, il peut comprendre un revêtement en dioxyde de silicium déposé sur au moins une partie de sa surface. Alternativement, les moyens de compensation thermique d'un oscillateur vibrant en silicium peuvent être un des moyens décrits dans le document
La géométrie de l'oscillateur vibrant 3 et notamment de ses éléments vibrants peut être modifiée de différentes manières. Par exemple, selon une variante chaque élément vibrant, chaque élément massique et/ou chaque partie ancre peuvent être assimilés ensemble comme un seul élément ou bras vibrant de l'organe réglant. Selon une autre variante exemplaire illustrée à la
Par ailleurs, les organes de la partie ancre (4, 4') adaptés pour coopérer avec les dents de la roue d'échappement peuvent prendre différentes formes, tout comme les dents de la roue d'échappement.Moreover, the members of the anchor portion (4, 4 ') adapted to cooperate with the teeth of the escape wheel may take different forms, just like the teeth of the escape wheel.
La
La
Selon une forme d'exécution, des moyens de montage 20 peuvent être prévus dans la base 2 de manière à fixer la base 2 à un bâti 10. Le bâti 10 peut comprendre une cage comme illustré à la
Le bâti 10 à l'avantage de faciliter le montage, le démontage, le réglage ainsi que les opérations dédiées dans le cadre du service après-vente de l'oscillateur 1. Le bâti 10 peut prendre la forme d'une cage (comme dans la
La
D'autre part, nous connaissons des phénomènes vibratoires l'existence de noeuds le long des structures vibrantes et dont l'espacement est une fonction directe de la fréquence de résonance. Nous pouvons ainsi faire varier la section le long de la lame (
A titre illustratif, mais sans être limitatif, dans le cas d'un résonateur de masse M (exprimée en g) et comportant plusieurs éléments vibrants 31 formés de poutres simples de raideur k (exprimée en mN.m/rad) et caractérisés par une hauteur h et une épaisseur e, un rapport k/M compris entre 0.1 et 1.0 et un rapport h/e compris entre 3 et 20 donnent des résultats particulièrement satisfaisants.By way of illustration, but without being limiting, in the case of a mass resonator M (expressed in g) and comprising several vibrating
Une caractéristique des différentes configurations décrites ci-dessus est que l'élément massique 32 est supporté seulement par la base 2 par l'intermédiaire de l'élément vibrant 31. De la sorte, on diminue de manière importante les frottements que l'on retrouve dans le cas d'un organe réglant de type balancier spiral.A characteristic of the various configurations described above is that the
L'organe réglant de la présente invention possède également une esthétique inédite et il peut être avantageusement incorporé dans un mouvement horloger d'une montre d'une manière permettant de les rendre visibles au porteur de la montre. A titre d'exemple, l'organe réglant peut être monté en dessus ou en dessous de l'organe moteur du mouvement. Pour donner également une indication des secondes, la roue d'échappement 5 peut être adaptée afin qu'elle tourne à une vitesse d'un tour par minute.The regulating member of the present invention also has a novel aesthetic and can be advantageously incorporated in a watch movement of a watch in a manner to make them visible to the wearer of the watch. For example, the regulating member may be mounted above or below the motor member of the movement. To also give an indication of seconds, the
- 11
- organe réglantregulating organ
- 1111
- espace intérieurinterior space
- 1212
- centrecenter
- 22
- basebased
- 2121
- visscrew
- 2222
- point de pivotementpivot point
- 33
- oscillateur vibrantvibrating oscillator
- 3131
- élément vibrantvibrating element
- 31'31 '
- brasarms
- 3232
- élément massiquemass element
- 32'32 '
- élément massiquemass element
- 3434
- masselottelingo
- 3535
- masselotteflyweight
- 3636
- extrémité distale d'un bras de lamedistal end of a blade arm
- 3737
- élément détachabledetachable element
- 37'37 '
- section réduite de élément détachablereduced section of detachable element
- 44
- partie ancreanchor part
- 4'4 '
- partie ancreanchor part
- 4040
- organe ou levéeorgan or raised
- 4141
- plan de repos de la levéerest plan of lifting
- 4242
- sommet de la denttop of the tooth
- 55
- roue d'échappementescape wheel
- 5050
- dent de la roue d'échappementtooth of the escape wheel
- 5151
- plan d'impulsion de la dentpulse plan of the tooth
- 5252
- plan de repos de la dentrest plane of the tooth
- 5353
- bras de la roue d'échappementexhaust wheel arm
- 66
- butéeabutment
- 6'6 '
- butéestop
- 6060
- mécanisme marche/arrêton / off mechanism
- 6161
- levierthe sink
- 6262
- tirettecord
- 77
- second oscillateursecond oscillator
- 7171
- second élément vibrantsecond vibrating element
- 71'71 '
- second élément vibrantsecond vibrating element
- 7272
- second élément massiquesecond mass element
- 72'72 '
- second élément massiquesecond mass element
- 88
- fourchette de réglageadjustment range
- 8080
- excentrique de réglageEccentric adjustment
- 99
- piedfoot
- PP
- plan de référencereference plane
Claims (27)
- Regulating member (1) for a mechanical watch movement comprising an escapement wheel (5); a vibrating oscillator (3) constituting the time base of the regulating member provided with at least two vibrating arms (31', 32') and an anchor part (4,4') comprising members (40) arranged to cooperate directly with the teeth of the escapement wheel (5), so as to maintain periodic alternations of the vibrating oscillator (3) and to advance the escapement wheel (5) at each alternation of oscillations, characterised in that the anchor part (4,4') is secured to said vibrating arms (31', 32').
- The regulating member (1) according to claim 1,
wherein each vibrating arm (31', 32') is secured and supported only to a base (2) designed to be mounted on a fixed or movable part of the watch movement. - The regulating member (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least two vibrating arms (31', 32') of the vibrating oscillator (3) and the anchor part (4, 4') are arranged generally concentrically with a centre (12) of the vibrating oscillator (3) coinciding with the pivot axis of the escapement wheel (5).
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the vibrating arms (31', 32') and the anchor part (4, 4') are generally arranged in the same reference plane (P) as the escapement wheel.
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 4,
wherein said periodic oscillations correspond to a first oscillation mode in which the vibrating oscillator (3) oscillates in the reference plane (P), so that the members (40) of the anchor part (4, 4') move in the same direction to successively engage the teeth (50) of the escapement wheel (5). - The regulating member (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 5,
wherein said periodic oscillations of the first oscillation mode have a frequency ranging from about 60 Hz to 200 Hz. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6,
further comprising one or more stops (6, 6') adapted to prevent the vibrating oscillator (3) from oscillating in another oscillation mode other than the first oscillation mode. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims,
characterised in that each of the said at least two vibrating arms (31', 32') of the vibrating oscillator (3) includes a vibrating element (31') and a mass element (32'), and in that the anchor part comprises an anchor part (4, 4') on each vibrating arm. - The regulating member (1) according to claim 8,
wherein each vibrating element (31') has a distal end (36);
and wherein each mass element (32') extends from the distal end (36) of the corresponding vibrating element (31'); and
wherein each of the anchor parts (4, 4') extends from one of the mass elements (32') near the distal end (36) of the corresponding vibrating element (31'). - The regulating member (1) according to one of the claims 2 to 9,
wherein the vibrating elements (31) are part of a single vibrating element (31) which is fastened in the vicinity of its nodal point to the base (2). - The regulating member (1) according to claim 8, wherein the mass elements (32') of each arm form a single mass element (32).
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, being made of a non-magnetic material; and
wherein the vibrating oscillator (3) and/or the escapement wheel (5) are made of a metallic material comprising metal alloys, the composites comprising at least one metal and at least partially amorphous metals. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, wherein the vibrating oscillator (3) and/or the escapement wheel (5) are made of a non-metallic material comprising metalloids, glasses, silicon, ceramics and glass-ceramics.
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 13, wherein the vibrating oscillator (3) and/or the escapement wheel (5) are produced by combinations of metallic and non-metallic materials.
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, wherein the vibrating oscillator (3) comprises at least one inertia-block (34) integral with each vibrating arm (31', 32') so as to modify the moment of inertia of the regulating member and/or reduce its bulk.
- The regulating member (1) according to claim 15, wherein the inertia-block (34) is obtained by growth of material on the resonator.
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, further comprising an on/off mechanism configured to stop the vibrating oscillator (3) and keep it stopped in an unbalanced position and to provide a self-start function of the regulating member (1).
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, further comprising a reference point adjustment mechanism (8, 80) for adjusting the penetration of the members (40) with respect to the teeth (50) of the escapement wheel (5).
- The regulating member according to claim 18,
wherein the reference point adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment fork (8) arranged to cooperate without play with an adjusting eccentric (80) so as to drive the vibrating oscillator (3) in rotation around a pivot point (22). - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims,
further comprising a second oscillator (7) coupled to the oscillation of the vibrating oscillator (3) by sympathetic resonance and oscillating at the same frequency as the vibrating oscillator (3) or at a different frequency;
wherein the coupling to the oscillation is achieved by mechanical resonance or by acoustic resonance or by magnetic coupling. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims,
wherein the teeth (50) of the escapement wheel (5) and the members (40) of the anchor part (4) are arranged to allow the escapement wheel (5) to advance in one direction or the other. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims,
wherein said members (40) are levers, and wherein the teeth (50) of the escapement wheel (5) comprise a pulse plane (51) and a rest plane (52) and the levers of the anchor part (40) comprise a rest plane (41) and an apex (42) so as to ensure self-starting when the wheel is subjected to a torque. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims,
wherein the vibrating oscillator (3) is made of silicon and comprises thermocompensation means. - The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, wherein the escapement wheel (5) rotates at a speed of one revolution per minute.
- The regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims, configured in such a way that the escapement wheel (5) advances by one tooth at each reciprocating motion of the oscillations.
- Watch movement comprising a regulating member (1) according to one of the previous claims.
- Method for regulating the oscillation frequency of the vibrating oscillator (3) of the regulating member (1) characterised according to one of the previous claims, the method comprising reducing the inertia of at least one of the mass elements (32, 32') by ablation of material or by modifying the stiffness of the arms (31', 31').
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH001634/2014A CH710278B1 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Regulating organ for a mechanical watch movement. |
PCT/EP2015/074683 WO2016062889A2 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2015-10-23 | Mechanical watch movement regulating member |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3210082A2 EP3210082A2 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
EP3210082B1 true EP3210082B1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
Family
ID=51842304
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15787179.9A Active EP3210082B1 (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2015-10-23 | Mechanical watch movement regulating member |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3210082B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6482660B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107003640B (en) |
CH (1) | CH710278B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016062889A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3365734B1 (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2019-09-04 | Richemont International SA | Oscilator for mechanical clockwork |
ES2698115T3 (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2019-01-31 | Sa De La Manufacture Dhorlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie | Mechanism of regulation of an average speed in a movement of watchmaking and movement of watchmaking |
EP3555708B1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2021-03-03 | Patek Philippe SA Genève | Timepiece component with a flexible pivot |
EP3425458A1 (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-09 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Cleavable piece of a clock oscillator |
FR3071075B1 (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-09-20 | Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa | DEVICE FOR WATCHMAKING PART, CLOCK MOVEMENT AND TIMEPIECE COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
EP3489761B1 (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2020-05-06 | Blancpain SA | Timepiece mobile with unidirectional wheel |
NL2020384B1 (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-08-14 | Flexous Mech Ip B V | Mechanical watch oscillator |
CH714922A2 (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-31 | Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse | Shockproof protection of a rotational flexible guiding clock resonator mechanism. |
EP3907565A1 (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-10 | Patek Philippe SA Genève | Method for manufacturing a silicon timepiece component |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011120180A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Rolex S.A. | Immobilizing device for a toothed wheel |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH442153A (en) * | 1965-08-13 | 1967-03-31 | Golay Bernard Sa | Clockwork movement |
CH482232A (en) * | 1966-10-17 | 1970-01-15 | Straumann Inst Ag | Device with a ratchet wheel and at least one sound-frequency oscillating element used to drive it in a timing device |
JPS4810473U (en) * | 1971-06-17 | 1973-02-05 | ||
US9201398B2 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2015-12-01 | Nivarox-Far S.A. | Oscillating mechanism with an elastic pivot and mobile element for transmitting energy |
JP2013545991A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2013-12-26 | ショパード テクノロジーズ エスエー | Ankle and escapement provided with such ankle |
EP2557460A1 (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2013-02-13 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Metallic pallets with polymer horns |
EP2574994A1 (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-03 | Asgalium Unitec SA | Resonator with tuning fork for mechanical timepiece movement |
-
2014
- 2014-10-24 CH CH001634/2014A patent/CH710278B1/en unknown
-
2015
- 2015-10-23 WO PCT/EP2015/074683 patent/WO2016062889A2/en active Application Filing
- 2015-10-23 JP JP2017522110A patent/JP6482660B2/en active Active
- 2015-10-23 CN CN201580057573.0A patent/CN107003640B/en active Active
- 2015-10-23 EP EP15787179.9A patent/EP3210082B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011120180A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Rolex S.A. | Immobilizing device for a toothed wheel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3210082A2 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
WO2016062889A2 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
JP2017531806A (en) | 2017-10-26 |
CN107003640A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
WO2016062889A3 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
CH710278A1 (en) | 2016-04-29 |
CN107003640B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
JP6482660B2 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
CH710278B1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
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