EP3209555A1 - Watercraft comprising means for compensating structure-borne noise - Google Patents

Watercraft comprising means for compensating structure-borne noise

Info

Publication number
EP3209555A1
EP3209555A1 EP15781095.3A EP15781095A EP3209555A1 EP 3209555 A1 EP3209555 A1 EP 3209555A1 EP 15781095 A EP15781095 A EP 15781095A EP 3209555 A1 EP3209555 A1 EP 3209555A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
watercraft
water
hydrophone
borne noise
support structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15781095.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3209555B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Hövelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of EP3209555A1 publication Critical patent/EP3209555A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3209555B1 publication Critical patent/EP3209555B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B63G8/34—Camouflage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02—Camouflage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17873—General system configurations using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02—Camouflage
    • B63G2013/022—Camouflage using means for reducing noise emission into air or water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/127—Underwater acoustics, e.g. for submarine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watercraft having the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a watercraft in which a water sound caused by the introduction of structure-borne noise in the support structure as completely as possible prevented, or at least reduced to the greatest possible extent.
  • the watercraft according to the invention has in the usual way a support structure in contact with the water environment.
  • the term "supporting structure” is to be understood as meaning all supporting parts of the hull and the superstructure of the watercraft that are directly or indirectly interconnected, and in particular a supporting outer hull of the watercraft which is in contact with the surrounding water Devices such.
  • the vessel is equipped with means for the compensation of structure-borne noise.
  • the vibration energy introduced into the support structure by the vibration generating devices is at least partially compensated for by inducing vibrations in the support structure which, by means of destructive interference, largely and at best cancel out the vibrations introduced by the vibration generating devices into the support structure.
  • the essential idea of the invention is to control the means for compensation of structure-borne noise on the basis of the water sound produced by the structure-borne noise on the outer shell of the vessel.
  • the watercraft according to the invention has a hydrophone, which is connected to a device for controlling the means for compensation of structure-borne sound signal.
  • the hydrophone captures exactly the sound emanating from the outer shell due to its structure-borne sound excitation, which propagates in the water over long distances and without compensation by the means for compensation of structure-borne noise could lead to a locating of the vessel. It has been found that waterborne sound can be significantly reduced and at best extinguished by the use of structure-borne noise compensation and control based on hydrophone sound.
  • an active vibration damper is to be understood as a force exciter, with which active vibrations are generated in the support structure, which are frequency- and amplitude-equal with the oscillations introduced by a vibration-generating device into the support structure, but phase-shifted by 180 °, so that the Force drivers in the support structure initiated vibrations and the vibrations introduced by the vibration generating device in the support structure so far mutually eliminate that in the water environment of the vessel as possible no water sound is caused.
  • an active vibration damper can be used as means for the compensation of structure-borne noise, all other devices with which vibrations in terms of their frequency, amplitude and phase controlled in the support structure can be initiated.
  • Structure-borne noise may also be provided with a vibrating motor coupled to the supporting structure.
  • the means for compensating structure-borne noise are expediently arranged in operative contact with the support structure.
  • its force exciter can be arranged on the outside of the support structure in such a way that it can directly exert an excitation force for generating the countervibration on the support structure.
  • the hydrophone which detects the water sound used to control the structure-borne sound compensation means, is preferably arranged on an outer shell of the watercraft.
  • the outer shell is typically an outer shell in direct contact with the water environment of the vessel.
  • the hydrophone is advantageously arranged on the outside, so that the hydrophone is in direct contact with the surrounding water of the vessel.
  • the vessel according to the invention may be a surface vessel.
  • the hydrophone is preferably arranged on a region of the hull which is arranged below the water surface.
  • the vessel according to the invention may also be a submarine, in which the measures provided according to the invention for the elimination or reduction of the water sound caused by the introduction of structure-borne noise into the supporting structure prove to be particularly useful.
  • the pressure hull forms the part of the support structure of the boat, which is directly adjacent to its water environment and at which produced via a structure-borne sound stimulation water sound.
  • the hydrophone is expediently arranged outside the pressure hull of the submarine, where it is in direct contact with the ambient water of the submarine and can detect the water sound directly.
  • Submarines typically have an outer skin spaced in some areas from the pressure body, with the gap between the outer skin and the pressure body being flooded with water.
  • the hydrophone is disposed within this, flooded by the outer skin of the submarine, water-flooded area of the submarine. Ie.
  • the hydrophone is disposed in the space between the pressure body and the outer skin, wherein it is covered on the outside of the outer skin, which covers the pressure hull of the submarine and / or formed on the pressure body structures of the submarine aerodynamically.
  • the hydrophone thus does not affect the flow characteristics of the submarine and is protected by the outer skin from external influences.
  • Fig. 1 in a simplified schematic diagram of a surface ship and Fig. 2 in a simplified schematic diagram of a submarine.
  • a surface water ship 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a supporting structure 4, which contains all supporting parts of the hull, but which in FIG. 1 is shown very simply in the form of a ship hull 6 and a girder 8 connected to the hull 6 , On the support structure 4, a device 10 is mounted, which performs in Fig. 1 by the arrow 12 clearly made vibrations.
  • an active vibration damper 18 in operative contact with the support structure 4, the force of which is controlled by a control device 20 in such a way that an exciter force exerted on the support structure 4 by the force exciter in the support structure actively generates vibrations which are equal in frequency and amplitude to the vibrations introduced by the device 10 into the support structure 4, but of opposite polarity, so that the vibrations introduced by the force exciter into the support structure 4 and those of the device 10 into the support structure 2 as far as mutually extinguished that in the water environment of the surface ship 2 as no water sound 16 is perceptible.
  • the control of the active vibration damper 18 takes place on the basis of perceptible in the outer environment of the surface ship 2 water sound 16 through Vibrations of the device 10 is caused.
  • a hydrophone 22 which is signal-connected to the control device 20, is arranged below the waterline 14 on the side of the hull 6 which is in contact with the surrounding water of the ship. Based on the signals provided by the hydrophone 22, the vibration damper 18 is controlled such that the counter vibrations generated by the force exciter of the vibration damper 18 in the support structure eliminate the vibrations generated by the device 10 so far that no water sound 16 outside the hull 6 is perceptible.
  • a submarine 24 which has a pressure body 26, which is surrounded on the outside circumference at least in a partial area by an outer skin 28 which is at a distance from the pressure body 26.
  • a gap 30 between the pressure body 26 and the outer skin 28 is flooded with water.
  • Also in the submarine 24 is mounted on the support structure 4 'at least one device 10', which carries symbolized oscillations by the arrow 12, which in the
  • Support structure 4 'structure-borne noise and outside of the pressure hull 26 produce water sound.
  • the submarine 24 also has an active vibration damper 18 in operative contact with the support structure 4 ', which is controlled by a control device 20, the control of the vibration damper 18 also being based on the a hydrophone 22 which is signal-connected to the control device 20 is detected.
  • the hydrophone 22 is suitably located in the water-flooded space 30 between the pressure body 26 and the outer skin 28 of the submarine 24, where it does not affect the flow characteristics of the submarine and is protected by the outer skin 28 from external influences.
  • the active vibration damper, controller 20 and hydrophone 22 used on the submarine 24 may correspond to the corresponding components used in the overwater vessel 2 shown in FIG. 1, but with respect to the hydrophone 22 it must be ensured that it is at the largest possible depth of the submarine 24 is pressure-resistant. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a watercraft comprising a support structure that is in contact with the ambient water. Said watercraft comprises means for compensating structure-borne noise in the support structure and a hydrophone located in the water surrounding the watercraft. The hydrophone is signal-connected to a device for controlling the means for compensating structure-borne noise.

Description

WASSERFAHRZEUG MIT MITTEL ZUR KOMEPENSATION VON KÖRPERSCHALL  WATER VEHICLE WITH MEANS FOR COMPOSING BODY SOUND
Beschreibung Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wasserfahrzeug mit den im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. The invention relates to a watercraft having the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
Bei militärischen Unterseebooten ist von dem Unterseeboot ausgehender Schall möglichst gering zu halten, da getauchte Unterseeboote über den sich im Wasser ausbreitenden Schall geortet werden können. In umgekehrter Weise sind Unterseeboote während der Tauchfahrt in der Lage, Überwasserfahrzeuge über den von diesen Fahrzeugen auf das Wasser übertragenen Schall zu orten, sodass auch bei militärischen Überwasserfahrzeugen das Bedürfnis besteht, den von Ihnen ausgehenden Wasserschall möglichst gering zu halten. Hierbei kommt der Verringerung des Körperschalls, der von den auf den Wasserfahrzeugen befindlichen Schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtungen hervorgerufen wird und über die Tragstruktur des Wasserfahrzeugs zu dessen Außenhülle geleitet wird, eine besondere Bedeutung zu. In military submarines, outgoing sound from the submarine is to be kept as low as possible because submersible submarines can be located above the sound propagating in the water. Conversely, submarines during the dive trip are able to locate over-water vehicles via the sound transmitted by these vehicles to the water, so that even in military over-water vehicles there is a need to keep the water sound emanating from you as low as possible. Here, the reduction of structure-borne noise, which is caused by the devices located on the watercraft vibration generating devices and passed through the support structure of the vessel to the outer shell, is of particular importance.
Vor diesem Hintergrund besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, ein Wasserfahrzeug zu schaffen, bei dem ein durch die Einleitung von Körperschall in die Tragstruktur verursachter Wasserschall möglichst vollständig verhindert, zumindest aber im größtmöglichen Maße verringert wird. Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a watercraft in which a water sound caused by the introduction of structure-borne noise in the support structure as completely as possible prevented, or at least reduced to the greatest possible extent.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Wasserfahrzeug mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dieses Wasserfahrzeugs ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie aus der Zeichnung. Hierbei können die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Merkmale jeweils für sich oder in geeigneter Kombination miteinander das Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 weiter ausgestalten. This object is achieved by a watercraft having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of this watercraft emerge from the subclaims, the following description and from the drawing. Here, the features specified in the dependent claims, each by itself or in a suitable combination with each other, the vessel according to claim 1 further develop.
Das erfindungsgemäße Wasserfahrzeug weist in üblicher Weise eine mit der Wasserumgebung in Kontakt stehende Tragstruktur auf. Hierbei sind unter dem Begriff „Tragstruktur" alle direkt oder indirekt miteinander verbundenen tragenden Teile des Rumpfes und der Aufbauten des Wasserfahrzeugs sowie insbesondere eine mit dem Umgebungswasser in Kontakt stehende tragende Außenhülle des Wasserfahrzeugs zu verstehen. Um den von auf der Tragstruktur gelagerten schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtungen, wie z. B. Motoren, Pumpen oder Kompressoren, auf die Tragstruktur übertragenen Körperschall zu kompensieren, ist das Wasserfahrzeug mit Mitteln zur Kompensation von Körperschall ausgestattet. Mit diesen Mitteln wird die von den schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtungen in die Tragstruktur eingeleitete Schwingungsenergie zumindest teilweise kompensiert, indem in die Tragstruktur Schwingungen eingeleitet werden, welche die von den schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtungen in die Tragstruktur eingeleiteten Schwingungen mittels destruktiver Interferenz größtenteils und günstigstenfalls vollständig auslöschen. The watercraft according to the invention has in the usual way a support structure in contact with the water environment. In this case, the term "supporting structure" is to be understood as meaning all supporting parts of the hull and the superstructure of the watercraft that are directly or indirectly interconnected, and in particular a supporting outer hull of the watercraft which is in contact with the surrounding water Devices such. As motors, pumps or compressors to compensate for transmitted to the support structure structure-borne noise, the vessel is equipped with means for the compensation of structure-borne noise. By means of this, the vibration energy introduced into the support structure by the vibration generating devices is at least partially compensated for by inducing vibrations in the support structure which, by means of destructive interference, largely and at best cancel out the vibrations introduced by the vibration generating devices into the support structure.
Die wesentliche Idee der Erfindung besteht darin, die Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall auf der Grundlage des von dem Körperschall an der Außenhülle des Wasserfahrzeugs hervorgerufenen Wasserschalls zu steuern. Zu diesem Zweck weist das erfindungsgemäße Wasserfahrzeug ein Hydrophon auf, welches mit einer Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschallsignal verbunden ist. The essential idea of the invention is to control the means for compensation of structure-borne noise on the basis of the water sound produced by the structure-borne noise on the outer shell of the vessel. For this purpose, the watercraft according to the invention has a hydrophone, which is connected to a device for controlling the means for compensation of structure-borne sound signal.
Das Hydrophon erfasst genau das von der Außenhülle aufgrund dessen Körperschallanregung ausgehende Geräusch, welches sich im Wasser über große Strecken ausbreitet und ohne die Kompensation durch die Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall zu einer Ortung des Wasserfahrzeugs führen könnte. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass sich der Wasserschall durch die Verwendung von Mitteln zur Kompensation von Körperschall und deren Steuerung auf Grundlage des von dem Hydrophon erfassten Wasserschalls signifikant verringern und bestenfalls auslöschen lässt. The hydrophone captures exactly the sound emanating from the outer shell due to its structure-borne sound excitation, which propagates in the water over long distances and without compensation by the means for compensation of structure-borne noise could lead to a locating of the vessel. It has been found that waterborne sound can be significantly reduced and at best extinguished by the use of structure-borne noise compensation and control based on hydrophone sound.
Als Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall kann vorteilhaft mindestens ein aktiver Schwingungsdämpfer vorgesehen sein. Hierbei ist unter einem aktiven Schwingungsdämpfer ein Krafterreger zu verstehen, mit dem in der Tragstruktur aktiv Schwingungen erzeugt werden, welche mit den von einer schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtung in die Tragstruktur eingeleiteten Schwingungen frequenz- und amplitudengleich, jedoch um 180° phasenverschoben sind, sodass sich die von dem Krafterreger in die Tragstruktur eingeleiteten Schwingungen und die von der schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtung in die Tragstruktur eingeleiteten Schwingungen soweit gegenseitig eliminieren, dass in der Wasserumgebung des Wasserfahrzeugs möglichst kein Wasserschall verursacht wird. Neben der Verwendung eines aktiven Schwingungsdämpfers können als Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall auch alle weiteren Vorrichtungen verwendet werden, mit denen Schwingungen hinsichtlich ihrer Frequenz, Amplitude und Phase gesteuert in die Tragstruktur eingeleitet werden können. So kann als Mittel zur Kompensation von As means for compensation of structure-borne noise, advantageously at least one active vibration damper can be provided. Here, an active vibration damper is to be understood as a force exciter, with which active vibrations are generated in the support structure, which are frequency- and amplitude-equal with the oscillations introduced by a vibration-generating device into the support structure, but phase-shifted by 180 °, so that the Force drivers in the support structure initiated vibrations and the vibrations introduced by the vibration generating device in the support structure so far mutually eliminate that in the water environment of the vessel as possible no water sound is caused. In addition to the use of an active vibration damper can be used as means for the compensation of structure-borne noise, all other devices with which vibrations in terms of their frequency, amplitude and phase controlled in the support structure can be initiated. Thus, as a means of compensation of
Körperschall gegebenenfalls auch ein mit der Tragstruktur gekoppelter Rüttelmotor vorgesehen sein. Um mit den Mitteln zur Kompensation von Körperschall, die zur Eliminierung der von der schwingungserzeugenden Vorrichtung in die Tragstruktur eingeleiteten Körperschallschwingungen erforderlichen Gegenschwingungen in die Tragstruktur einleiten oder dort erzeugen zu können, sind die Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall zweckmäßigerweise in Wirkkontakt mit der Tragstruktur angeordnet. So kann beispielsweise bei Verwendung eines aktiven Schwingungsdämpfers dessen Krafterreger derart außenseitig der Tragstruktur angeordnet sein, dass er direkt eine Erregerkraft zur Erzeugung der Gegenschwingungen auf die Tragstruktur ausüben kann. Structure-borne noise may also be provided with a vibrating motor coupled to the supporting structure. In order to be able to initiate or generate counter vibrations with the means for compensation of structure-borne noise necessary for eliminating the structure-borne vibrations introduced by the vibration-generating device into the support structure, the means for compensating structure-borne noise are expediently arranged in operative contact with the support structure. For example, when using an active vibration damper, its force exciter can be arranged on the outside of the support structure in such a way that it can directly exert an excitation force for generating the countervibration on the support structure.
Das Hydrophon, welches den zur Steuerung der Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall verwendeten Wasserschall erfasst, ist bevorzugt an einer Außenhülle des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordnet. Bei der Außenhülle handelt es sich typischerweise um eine in direktem Kontakt mit der Wasserumgebung des Wasserfahrzeugs stehende Außenhülle. An diese Außenhülle ist das Hydrophon zweckmäßigerweise außenseitig angeordnet, sodass sich auch das Hydrophon in direktem Kontakt mit dem Umgebungswasser des Wasserfahrzeugs befindet. The hydrophone, which detects the water sound used to control the structure-borne sound compensation means, is preferably arranged on an outer shell of the watercraft. The outer shell is typically an outer shell in direct contact with the water environment of the vessel. To this outer shell, the hydrophone is advantageously arranged on the outside, so that the hydrophone is in direct contact with the surrounding water of the vessel.
Vorteilhaft kann es sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Wasserfahrzeug um ein Überwasserschiff handeln. Bei diesem Überwasserschiff ist das Hydrophon bevorzugt an einem unterhalb der Wasseroberfläche angeordneten Bereichs des Schiffsrumpfs angeordnet. Advantageously, the vessel according to the invention may be a surface vessel. In this surface watercraft, the hydrophone is preferably arranged on a region of the hull which is arranged below the water surface.
Weiter vorteilhaft kann das erfindungsgemäße Wasserfahrzeug auch ein Unterseeboot sein, bei dem sich die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Maßnahmen zur Eliminierung bzw. Verringerung des durch die Einleitung von Körperschall in die Tragstruktur verursachten Wasserschalls als besonders nützlich erweisen. Further advantageously, the vessel according to the invention may also be a submarine, in which the measures provided according to the invention for the elimination or reduction of the water sound caused by the introduction of structure-borne noise into the supporting structure prove to be particularly useful.
Bei einem Unterseeboot bildet der Druckkörper den Teil der Tragstruktur des Bootes, welcher direkt an dessen Wasserumgebung angrenzt und an welchem über eine Körperschallanregung erzeugter Wasserschall entsteht. Insofern ist das Hydrophon zweckmäßigerweise außerhalb des Druckkörpers des Unterseeboots angeordnet, wo es in direktem Kontakt zu dem Umgebungswasser des Unterseeboots steht und den Wasserschall direkt erfassen kann. Unterseeboote weisen typischerweise eine in Teilbereichen von dem Druckkörper beabstandete Außenhaut auf, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen der Außenhaut und dem Druckkörper wasserdurchflutet ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist das Hydrophon innerhalb dieses von der Außenhaut des Unterseeboots umschlossenen, wasserdurchfluteten Bereichs des Unterseeboots angeordnet. D. h. das Hydrophon wird in dem Zwischenraum zwischen dem Druckkörper und der Außenhaut angeordnet, wobei es außenseitig von der Außenhaut abgedeckt wird, die den Druckkörper des Unterseeboots und/oder an dem Druckkörper ausgebildete Aufbauten des Unterseeboots strömungsgünstig verkleidet. Das Hydrophon wirkt sich somit nicht auf die Strömungseigenschaften des Unterseeboots aus und wird von der Außenhaut vor äußeren Einflüssen geschützt. Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt: In a submarine, the pressure hull forms the part of the support structure of the boat, which is directly adjacent to its water environment and at which produced via a structure-borne sound stimulation water sound. In this respect, the hydrophone is expediently arranged outside the pressure hull of the submarine, where it is in direct contact with the ambient water of the submarine and can detect the water sound directly. Submarines typically have an outer skin spaced in some areas from the pressure body, with the gap between the outer skin and the pressure body being flooded with water. Particularly advantageously, the hydrophone is disposed within this, flooded by the outer skin of the submarine, water-flooded area of the submarine. Ie. the hydrophone is disposed in the space between the pressure body and the outer skin, wherein it is covered on the outside of the outer skin, which covers the pressure hull of the submarine and / or formed on the pressure body structures of the submarine aerodynamically. The hydrophone thus does not affect the flow characteristics of the submarine and is protected by the outer skin from external influences. The invention is explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1 in einer stark vereinfachten Prinzipskizze ein Überwasserschiff und Fig. 2 in einer stark vereinfachten Prinzipskizze ein Unterseeboot. Fig. 1 in a simplified schematic diagram of a surface ship and Fig. 2 in a simplified schematic diagram of a submarine.
Ein in Fig. 1 dargestelltes Überwasserschiff 2 weist eine Tragstruktur 4 auf, welche alle tragenden Teile des Schiffskörpers beinhaltet, die aber in Fig. 1 sehr stark vereinfacht lediglich in Form eines Schiffsrumpfes 6 und eines mit dem Schiffsrumpf 6 in Verbindung stehenden Trägers 8 dargestellt ist. Auf der Tragstruktur 4 ist eine Vorrichtung 10 gelagert, welche in Fig. 1 durch den Pfeil 12 deutlich gemachte Schwingungen ausführt. A surface water ship 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a supporting structure 4, which contains all supporting parts of the hull, but which in FIG. 1 is shown very simply in the form of a ship hull 6 and a girder 8 connected to the hull 6 , On the support structure 4, a device 10 is mounted, which performs in Fig. 1 by the arrow 12 clearly made vibrations.
Diese Schwingungen führen innerhalb der Tragstruktur 4 zu Körperschall, welcher sich bis in den Schiffsrumpf 6 ausbreitet, wo er in einem unterhalb der Wasseroberfläche 14 befindlichen Bereich Wasserschall 16 verursacht. Um diesen Wasserschall 16 zu eliminieren oder zumindest deutlich zu verringern, ist ein mit der Tragstruktur 4 in Wirkkontakt stehender aktiver Schwingungsdämpfer 18 vorgesehen, dessen Krafterreger derart von einer Steuerungseinrichtung 20 angesteuert wird, dass eine von dem Krafterreger auf die Tragstruktur 4 ausgeübte Erregerkraft in der Tragstruktur aktiv Schwingungen erzeugt, welche mit den von der Vorrichtung 10 in die Tragstruktur 4 eingeleiteten Schwingungen frequenz- und amplitudengleich sind, jedoch eine entgegengesetzte Polarität aufweisen, sodass sich die von dem Krafterreger in die Tragstruktur 4 eingeleiteten Schwingungen und die von der Vorrichtung 10 in die Tragstruktur 2 eingeleiteten Schwingungen soweit gegenseitig auslöschen, dass in der Wasserumgebung des Überwasserschiffs 2 möglichst kein Wasserschall 16 wahrnehmbar ist. These vibrations lead within the support structure 4 to structure-borne noise, which propagates into the hull 6, where it causes water sound 16 in an area located below the water surface 14. In order to eliminate or at least significantly reduce this waterborne sound 16, there is provided an active vibration damper 18 in operative contact with the support structure 4, the force of which is controlled by a control device 20 in such a way that an exciter force exerted on the support structure 4 by the force exciter in the support structure actively generates vibrations which are equal in frequency and amplitude to the vibrations introduced by the device 10 into the support structure 4, but of opposite polarity, so that the vibrations introduced by the force exciter into the support structure 4 and those of the device 10 into the support structure 2 as far as mutually extinguished that in the water environment of the surface ship 2 as no water sound 16 is perceptible.
Die Steuerung des aktiven Schwingungsdämpfers 18 erfolgt auf der Grundlage des in der Außenumgebung des Überwasserschiffs 2 wahrnehmbaren Wasserschalls 16, der durch Schwingungen der Vorrichtung 10 verursacht wird. Zur Erfassung des Wasserschalls 16 ist an der mit dem Umgebungswasser des Schiffs in Kontakt stehenden Seite des Schiffsrumpfs 6 unterhalb der Wasserlinie 14 ein Hydrophon 22 angeordnet, welches mit der Steuerungseinrichtung 20 signalverbunden ist. Basierend auf den von dem Hydrophon 22 zur Verfügung gestellten Signalen wird der Schwingungsdämpfer 18 derart angesteuert, dass die von dem Krafterreger des Schwingungsdämpfers 18 in die Tragstruktur erzeugten Gegenschwingungen die von der Vorrichtung 10 erzeugten Schwingungen so weit eliminieren, dass außerhalb des Schiffsrumpfes 6 kein Wasserschall 16 wahrnehmbar ist. In Fig. 2 ist ein Unterseeboot 24 dargestellt, das einen Druckkörper 26 aufweist, welcher außenumfänglich zumindest in einem Teilbereich von einer von dem Druckkörper 26 beabstandeten Außenhaut 28 umgeben ist. Hierbei ist ein Zwischenraum 30 zwischen dem Druckkörper 26 und der Außenhaut 28 wasserdurchflutet. Der Druckkörper 26 bildet zusammen mit allen in dem Druckkörper 26 befindlichen tragenden Teilen eine Tragstruktur 4', wobei die Tragstruktur 4' in Fig. 2 sehr stark vereinfacht lediglich durch den Druckkörper 26 und einen Träger 8' veranschaulicht ist. Auch in dem Unterseeboot 24 ist auf der Tragstruktur 4' zumindest eine Vorrichtung 10' gelagert, welche durch den Pfeil 12 symbolisierte Schwingungen ausführt, die in der The control of the active vibration damper 18 takes place on the basis of perceptible in the outer environment of the surface ship 2 water sound 16 through Vibrations of the device 10 is caused. For detecting the waterborne sound 16, a hydrophone 22, which is signal-connected to the control device 20, is arranged below the waterline 14 on the side of the hull 6 which is in contact with the surrounding water of the ship. Based on the signals provided by the hydrophone 22, the vibration damper 18 is controlled such that the counter vibrations generated by the force exciter of the vibration damper 18 in the support structure eliminate the vibrations generated by the device 10 so far that no water sound 16 outside the hull 6 is perceptible. 2, a submarine 24 is shown, which has a pressure body 26, which is surrounded on the outside circumference at least in a partial area by an outer skin 28 which is at a distance from the pressure body 26. Here, a gap 30 between the pressure body 26 and the outer skin 28 is flooded with water. The pressure body 26, together with all in the pressure body 26 located supporting parts a support structure 4 ', wherein the support structure 4' in Fig. 2 is very simplistic only by the pressure body 26 and a support 8 'is illustrated. Also in the submarine 24 is mounted on the support structure 4 'at least one device 10', which carries symbolized oscillations by the arrow 12, which in the
Tragstruktur 4' Körperschall und außenseitig des Druckkörpers 26 Wasserschall erzeugen. Support structure 4 'structure-borne noise and outside of the pressure hull 26 produce water sound.
Um diesen Wasserschall zu verhindern oder zumindest deutlich zu verringern, weist auch das Unterseeboot 24 einen mit der Tragstruktur 4' in Wirkkontakt stehenden aktiven Schwingungsdämpfer 18 auf, der von einer Steuerungseinrichtung 20 gesteuert wird, wobei die Steuerung des Schwingungsdämpfers 18 auch auf der Grundlage des von einem mit der Steuerungseinrichtung 20 signalverbundenen Hydrophons 22 erfassten Wasserschalls erfolgt. Das Hydrophon 22 ist zweckmäßigerweise in dem wasserdurchfluteten Zwischenraum 30 zwischen dem Druckkörper 26 und der Außenhaut 28 des Unterseeboots 24 angeordnet, wo es sich nicht auf die Strömungseigenschaften des Unterseeboots auswirkt und von der Außenhaut 28 vor äußeren Einflüssen geschützt ist. Der an dem Unterseeboot 24 eingesetzte aktive Schwingungsdämpfer, die Steuerungseinrichtung 20 und das Hydrophon 22 können den entsprechenden in dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Überwasserschiff 2 verwendeten Komponenten entsprechen, wobei aber hinsichtlich des Hydrophons 22 sicherzustellen ist, dass es bei der größtmöglichen Tauchtiefe des Unterseeboots 24 druckfest ist. BezugszeichenlisteIn order to prevent or at least significantly reduce this waterborne sound, the submarine 24 also has an active vibration damper 18 in operative contact with the support structure 4 ', which is controlled by a control device 20, the control of the vibration damper 18 also being based on the a hydrophone 22 which is signal-connected to the control device 20 is detected. The hydrophone 22 is suitably located in the water-flooded space 30 between the pressure body 26 and the outer skin 28 of the submarine 24, where it does not affect the flow characteristics of the submarine and is protected by the outer skin 28 from external influences. The active vibration damper, controller 20 and hydrophone 22 used on the submarine 24 may correspond to the corresponding components used in the overwater vessel 2 shown in FIG. 1, but with respect to the hydrophone 22 it must be ensured that it is at the largest possible depth of the submarine 24 is pressure-resistant. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
2 Überwasserschiff 4, 4' Tragstruktur 6 Schiffsrumpf 2 Overwater vessel 4, 4 'Support structure 6 Hull
8, 8' Träger 8, 8 'carrier
10, 10' Vorrichtung 12 Pfeil  10, 10 'device 12 arrow
14 Wasseroberfläche 16 Wasserschall 18 Schwingungsdämpfer14 Water surface 16 Water sound 18 Vibration damper
20 Steuerungseinrichtung 22 Hydrophon 20 control device 22 hydrophone
24 Unterseeboot 26 Druckkörper 24 submarine 26 pressure hull
28 Außenhaut 28 outer skin
30 Zwischenraum  30 gap

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Wasserfahrzeug mit einer mit der Wasserumgebung in Kontakt stehenden Tragstruktur (4, 4'), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wasserfahrzeug Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall in der Tragstruktur (4, 4')und ein in der Wasserumgebung des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordnetes Hydrophon (22) aufweist, welches mit einer Einrichtung zur Steuerung der Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall signalverbunden ist. A watercraft having a supporting structure (4, 4 ') in contact with the water environment, characterized in that the watercraft comprises means for compensating structure-borne noise in the supporting structure (4, 4') and a hydrophone (22) arranged in the water environment of the watercraft ), which is signal-connected to a device for controlling the means for compensation of structure-borne noise.
2. Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall mindestens ein aktiver Schwingungsdämpfer (18) vorgesehen ist. 2. Vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one active vibration damper (18) is provided as means for the compensation of structure-borne noise.
3. Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Kompensation von Körperschall in Wirkkontakt mit der Tragstruktur (4, 4') angeordnet sind. 3. Vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for the compensation of structure-borne noise in operative contact with the support structure (4, 4 ') are arranged.
4. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hydrophon (22) an einer Außenhülle des Wasserfahrzeugs angeordnet ist. 4. Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrophone (22) is arranged on an outer shell of the watercraft.
5. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wasserfahrzeug ein Überwasserschiff (2) ist. 5. Vessel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vessel is a surface vessel (2).
6. Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hydrophon (22) an einem unterhalb der Wasseroberfläche (14) angeordneten Bereich des Schiffsrumpfes (6) angeordnet ist. 6. Vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydrophone (22) is arranged on a below the water surface (14) arranged region of the hull (6).
7. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wasserfahrzeug ein Unterseeboot (24) ist. 7. Vessel according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the watercraft is a submarine (24).
8. Wasserfahrzeug nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass das Hydrophon (22) außerhalb eines Druckkörpers (26) des Unterseeboots (24) angeordnet ist. 8. Vessel according to claim 7, characterized in that the hydrophone (22) outside a pressure hull (26) of the submarine (24) is arranged.
9. Wasserfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hydrophon (22) innerhalb eines von einer Außenhaut (28) des Unterseeboots (24) umschlossenen, wasserdurchfluteten Bereich des Unterseeboots (24) angeordnet ist. 9. Vessel according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the hydrophone (22) within one of an outer skin (28) of the submarine (24) enclosed, water-flooded area of the submarine (24) is arranged.
EP15781095.3A 2014-10-21 2015-10-15 Submarine comprising means for compensating structure-borne noise Active EP3209555B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102014221327.4A DE102014221327A1 (en) 2014-10-21 2014-10-21 water craft
PCT/EP2015/073857 WO2016062603A1 (en) 2014-10-21 2015-10-15 Watercraft comprising means for compensating structure-borne noise

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EP3209555A1 true EP3209555A1 (en) 2017-08-30
EP3209555B1 EP3209555B1 (en) 2020-04-08

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DE (1) DE102014221327A1 (en)
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DE3642747A1 (en) * 1986-12-15 1988-06-16 Krupp Atlas Elektronik Gmbh HULL BODY FOR A HYDROPHONE ARRANGEMENT
DE8812782U1 (en) * 1988-10-12 1989-04-12 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Acoustic insulation device
DE3908577A1 (en) * 1989-03-16 1990-09-20 Laukien Guenther METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE SOUND EMISSION OF SUBMERSIBLES SUBMERSIBLE
GB2366604B (en) * 1992-09-08 2002-06-26 Marconi Gec Ltd An interface between two media
DE10223965A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-11 Siemens Ag Vibration damping device for propulsion units of ship propulsion systems of surface and underwater ships
US7113850B2 (en) * 2003-12-03 2006-09-26 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for active acoustic damping motor control

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EP3209555B1 (en) 2020-04-08
ES2793024T3 (en) 2020-11-12
DE102014221327A1 (en) 2016-04-21

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