EP3197595A1 - Procede de controle d'au moins une bulle de gaz produite de maniere localisee - Google Patents
Procede de controle d'au moins une bulle de gaz produite de maniere localiseeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3197595A1 EP3197595A1 EP15780940.1A EP15780940A EP3197595A1 EP 3197595 A1 EP3197595 A1 EP 3197595A1 EP 15780940 A EP15780940 A EP 15780940A EP 3197595 A1 EP3197595 A1 EP 3197595A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- electrode
- medium
- ultrasound
- gas bubbles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
- B06B1/0215—Driving circuits for generating pulses, e.g. bursts of oscillations, envelopes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0877—Liquid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling at least one locally produced gas bubble.
- D1 a method of generating localized gas bubbles using microfluidics as described in the article by P. Garstecki et al. "Training of bubbles and droplets in microfluidic Systems," Bulletin of the polish academy of science, 2005, Vol. 53, No. 4 (D1).
- D1 consists in passing a liquid through micro-channels, a gas shearing the flow, and a capillary evacuating the gas bubbles. The gas bubbles thus produced are necessarily located at the outlet of this capillary.
- D2 shows that, in an electrolytic medium perfectly controlled in ions and dissolved gases (chemically controlled), in this case a solution of H 2 S0 at low concentration (10 "5 to 10 " 2 mol.l “1 , in medium and using an electrode whose tip has a tip shape and a counter electrode both dipped in the electrolytic medium, it is possible to generate gas bubbles in a localized manner at the tip of the electrode. the electrode, in this case at the end of this tip.
- the voltage (amplitude and frequency of the voltage signal) applied between the electrode and the counter electrode should be carefully adjusted.
- the device 100 used in D2 is reproduced in FIG.
- the electrode 1 comprises essentially an electrode 1 having a tip-shaped end 1 1, for example made of platinum, and a counter electrode 2, for example made of platinum, the electrodes both being immersed in the electrolytic medium 3
- the electrode 1 is connected, for example by means of a voltage amplifier 5, to a voltage source 4, which in this case produces a periodic alternating voltage whose amplitude and frequency are adjustable.
- the counter-electrode 2 is connected to the source 4 to close the circuit.
- the counter-electrode 2 and one of the terminals of the source 4 are also connected to the ground 6.
- a camera 7 is provided to display the gas bubbles from the electrode 1.
- An optical device 8 can be envisaged between the camera 7 and the tank 9 comprising the electrolytic medium 3 in which the gas bubbles are produced. allows measurements to be made on these gas bubbles (bubbles of 0 2 or H 2 ), which makes it possible to characterize the phenomenon of electrolysis taking place, which is involved in many concrete applications.
- the camera 7 and the associated optical device 8 make it possible to detect and control the size of the gas bubbles produced in real time.
- FIG. 2 schematically represents the different regimes of generation of the gas bubbles on the electrode 1, as a function of the value of the voltage V and of the frequency f of the AC voltage signal supplied by the associated source 4 ( production of gas bubbles delocalised over the entire electrode 1, production of gas bubbles located at the tip of the electrode 1, no production of gas bubbles).
- FIG. 3 represents a view given by the camera 7, which proves that the production of the gas bubbles is located at the tip of the electrode 1 and, moreover, that calibrated gas bubbles and regularly spacings are generated, ie gas bubbles whose dimensions are similar, within a few percent and whose spacing is regular (this regularity is related to the fact that the signal from source 4 is periodic, but a control of the spacing between bubbles can be done without the signal being periodic).
- V a , V s and f s depend on the concentration of H 2 SO 4 in the electrolytic medium 3.
- the method proposed in document D2 thus makes it possible to produce calibrated gas bubbles whose spacing is controlled, in particular in a regular manner when the signal printed at the electrode is periodic.
- the implementation of the method according to D2 is easier than the method according to D1 constrained by the inertia of the fluid and the gas, in particular to obtain calibrated gas bubbles and with a controlled spacing.
- the authors of D2 then replaced the electrolytic medium chemically controlled with a chemically uncontrolled electrolytic medium, for example an uncontrolled aqueous medium such as tap water.
- a chemically uncontrolled electrolytic medium for example an uncontrolled aqueous medium such as tap water.
- FIG. 4 is an image taken by the camera 7 when the electrolytic medium 3 is a chemically uncontrolled aqueous medium, in this case tap water.
- Such a control would be particularly interesting for a chemically controlled electrolytic medium, more generally for any electrolytic medium (controlled or not) and even more generally for any process allowing the localized production of gas bubbles; i.e. that the medium considered is an electrolytic medium or not.
- An object of the invention is to provide a method for better control of gas bubbles produced in a localized manner.
- the invention proposes a method of controlling at least one gas bubble produced in a localized manner in a medium allowing the displacement of the at least one gas bubble, characterized in that it comprises a step consisting in generating at least one burst of ultrasound in the direction of said at least one gas bubble, said at least one burst being emitted over a burst duration at least partially covering a period over which gas is actually produced.
- the method may comprise at least one of the following steps, taken alone or in combination:
- gas bubbles produced in a localized manner are controlled at a controlled frequency, which is to say that the localized production of gas bubbles is controlled at a frequency, called the controlled production frequency, and ultrasound bursts are generated which are then repeated at a frequency of repetition equal to or substantially equal to the controlled frequency of production of gas bubbles in a localized manner;
- the electrode having a peak shape and controlling the frequency and amplitude of said voltage signal to produce bubbles of a gas in the electrolytic medium in a localized manner at the tip of the electrode at a controlled frequency, namely said controlled production frequency; the frequency of the voltage signal is controlled so that said signal is periodic;
- the signa! voltage is sinusoidal, rectangular, sawtooth or in the form of a Dirac comb
- the voltage signal is alternating
- control frequency of the localized production of the gas bubbles and the frequency of repetition of the ultrasound bursts are modified so that this repetition frequency remains equal to or substantially equal to the controlled frequency of production of the gas bubbles in a localized manner to modify the spacing between the bubbles;
- the electrode having a peak shape and controlling the amplitude of said signa! voltage generating said at least one gas bubble in the electrolytic medium in a localized manner at the tip of the electrode;
- the voltage signal is a Dirac peak;
- the amplitude of the voltage signal is varied to control the size of the at least one gas bubble produced
- the medium allowing the displacement of said at least one bubble of gas is a liquid medium or a gel
- the medium allowing the displacement of said at least one bubble of gas is a chemically uncontrolled liquid medium
- chemically uncontrolled liquid medium is an aqueous medium, such as tap water
- the sound pressure of the ultrasounds in the or each burst of ultrasound is between 5 kPa and 15 kPa.
- FIG. 5 represents a device making it possible to implement the method according to the invention, which notably comprises means for generating ultrasound in a first view according to FIG. 5 (a) and a second view in accordance with FIG. ) which is a side view with respect to the view of Figure 5 (a);
- FIG. 6 represents the production of calibrated gas bubbles regularly spaced according to the process according to the invention implemented with the device of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 represents the production of calibrated gas bubbles regularly spaced according to the process according to the invention implemented with the device of FIG. 5, under application conditions distinct from those of FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 represents alternating voltage signals that can be applied to a tip-shaped electrode of the device of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 9 shows the production of oxygen and dihydrogen bubbles, obtained with the device of FIG. 5 and one of the signals represented in FIG. 8, in the absence of ultrasound;
- FIG. 10 shows the production of hydrogen bubbles, obtained with the device of FIG. 5 and the use of the signals represented in FIG. 8, in the absence of ultrasound;
- FIG. 11 shows the production of calibrated and regularly spaced oxygen bubbles as well as calibrated and regularly spaced hydrogen bubbles according to the process according to the invention, obtained with the device of FIG. 5 and one of the signals represented on FIG. Figure 8, in the presence of ultrasound.
- the device 100 ', as shown in FIG. 5, making it possible to implement a method within the scope of the invention comprises the same elements as the device of the prior art shown in FIG.
- the device 100 ' essentially comprises an electrode V having a tip-shaped end 1' and a counter-electrode 2 ', the electrodes both being immersed in an electrolytic medium 3'.
- the electrode ⁇ is connected, for example by means of a voltage amplifier 5 ', to a voltage source 4' whose amplitude and / or frequency, if necessary, are adjustable.
- the counter electrode 2 ' is connected to the source 4' to close the circuit.
- the counter electrode 2 'and one of the terminals of the source 4' are also connected to the ground 6 '.
- a camera 7 'and an optical device 8' are provided to be able to detect and characterize the gas bubbles as for the device 100 of the prior art shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 5 (b) which is a partial side view of the view of Figure 5 (a).
- any other detector adapted for this purpose for example, acoustic detector, resistive, capacitive Certainly can be envisaged.
- the electrolytic medium 3 ' is, however, not controlled chemically. It can especially be tap water.
- An electrolytic medium for example liquid, chemically uncontrolled is a medium in which there is no control of ions and dissolved gas. Indeed, and as a reminder, a definition of a chemically controlled electrolytic medium has been provided previously in support of the presentation of article D2, such a medium being associated with an electrolytic medium perfectly controlled in ions and in dissolved gases. .
- This chemically uncontrolled electrolytic medium is generally a liquid medium or gel which has sufficient electrical conductivity to allow the displacement of electric charges (ions) to achieve, at the frequency of the selected voltage signal, at least one reduction reaction (at the cathode) and / or oxidation (at the anode). This then makes it possible to generate a predetermined quantity of gas.
- the value of this electrical conductivity will be chosen in the range 0.5 and 0.00005 siemens / meter.
- the device 100 ' differs from the device 100 of the prior art shown in FIG. 1 by the presence of a means 20' for generating ultrasound at a power (amplitude, pressure of the acoustic wave) and a adjustable frequency.
- This means 20 ' comprises an ultrasound generator 21' connected to a voltage source 22 'whose amplitude and frequency are adjustable.
- Example of embodiment of the device 100 'to implement a method within the scope of the invention (Example 1).
- the electrode 1 'and the counter-electrode 2' are made of platinum.
- the electrode 1 is of type L.
- the electrolytic medium 3 not controlled chemically is tap water (see http://www.cieau.com standards; fa fa tap water quality .pdf), Ph measured 7.5 for this test, the average pH of Marseille waters where this test was performed being 8.1 and more generally between 6.5 and 9).
- the source 4 ' connected to the electrodes 1', 2 ', generates a first reciprocal and periodic control signal, in this case sinusoidal, whose frequency is 10 Hz and the amplitude of 50V PP (peak to peak).
- the source 22 'associated with the ultrasound generator 21' makes it possible to generate a second control signal comprising ultrasonic bursts.
- burst length (term “burst length” according to the English terminology), for example 10ms, at a frequency of 1 MHz (in practice, this corresponds to several thousand cycles on the salvo duration). It is in these circumstances that the present example has been implemented.
- the ultrasound has frequencies between 16 kHz and 100 MHz (for example), which makes it possible, in all cases, to generate at least a few hundred bursts of ultrasound during the burst duration.
- Each ultrasound burst can be centered on an extremal value of the first control signal, in this case an alternating and periodic sinusoidal signal, when the production of gas bubbles is the most important.
- burst duration at least partially covers a duration of the first control signal during which a production of gas bubbles is effective.
- ultrasonic generator 21 As part of the test, ie ultrasonic generator 21 'has also been implemented under the aforementioned conditions.
- the successive bursts must be generated at a repetition frequency equal to or substantially equal to the frequency of the voltage signal from the source 4 ', namely in this case 0Hz.
- the gas bubbles have a diameter of about 17 microns, with a variation of 4% (calibration). Moreover, the distance separating two successive gas bubbles is about 400 microns.
- the adequacy between the burst repetition frequency and the frequency of the first control signal (from your source 4 ') makes it possible to obtain gas bubbles which are calibrated with respect to one another and the control of the spacing between two gas bubbles.
- the frequency of the first control signal and accordingly, the burst repetition frequency it is possible by changing the frequency of the first control signal and accordingly, the burst repetition frequency, to vary the spacing between the gas bubbles.
- the frequency of the first control signal and accordingly, the burst repetition frequency it is possible by changing the frequency of the first control signal and accordingly, the burst repetition frequency, to vary the spacing between the gas bubbles.
- This adequacy also makes it possible to maintain the stability of the size of these bubbles over time.
- the duration of each burst length burst then makes it possible to control the size of the gas bubbles produced. Indeed, the longer the burst duration, the more time is available to collect the volume of gas produced by the electrolysis.
- the size of the produced gas bubbles can be controlled other than with the setting of the ultrasound burst duration.
- the signal from the source 4 '(first control signal) voltage supplying the electrode 1 1 is an alternating and periodic signal, in this case sinusoidal.
- the shape of this first reciprocal and periodic control signal does not matter much to obtain a production of gas bubbles located at the tip 11 'of the electrode 1', whether the electrolytic medium is controlled or not on the chemical plane.
- This alternating and periodic signal (source 4 ') can therefore be a sinusoidal form signal (case of example 1), square, rectangular, in the form of ramps or in another form. What matters is the adequacy between the frequencies of the first and second control signals, the acoustic pressure of the ultrasound bursts, and that the burst duration covers at least partially a duration over which the first control signal effectively allows a production of gas bubbles.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of two alternating and periodic voltage signals that may come from the source 4 ', each of which is in the form of ramps (sawtooth signal, signal S1, signal S2 ).
- oxygen (O 2 ) and dihydrogen (H 2 ) are produced at the anode and at the cathode, respectively.
- an alternating voltage signal such as a ramp-type signal
- the electrode 1 ' is successively the anode or the cathode.
- the alternating voltage signal of the ramp type is chosen because it makes it possible to organize the successive production of the oxygen and dihydrogen bubbles.
- FIG. 9 represents a beam of oxygen and dihydrogen bubbles successively produced at the tip 11 'of the electrode 1', for an electrolytic solution 3 'formed by tap water and with the voltage signal S1 represented by FIG. in Figure 8, frequency 10Hz.
- FIG. 10 shows a hydrogen fuel cell bundle produced at the tip 11 'of the electrode 1', for an electrolytic solution 3 'formed by tap water and with the voltage signal S2 shown in FIG. 8, frequency 10Hz.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 are to be compared with FIG. 4, the only difference concerning the voltage signal delivered by the source 4 '(with respect to the operating mode allowing the results of FIG. 4 to be obtained, the differences certainly relate to the shape of this signal, but above all, the extreme values of the voltage of this signal, whether it is the signal S1 or the signal S2).
- each burst was sent over a burst duration of 10 ms, at a frequency of 1 Hz and the successive bursts were also generated at a repetition frequency equal to the frequency of the voltage signal S1. (production of H 2 and 0 2 ) from the source 4 ', namely in this case 10Hz.
- the sound pressure provided by the ultrasound at each burst is about 10kPa and is generally between 5kPa and 15kPa.
- the duration of ultrasound burst covers at least partially a duration on which the sawtooth signal actually allows the production of gas bubbles.
- the oxygen bubbles are then calibrated and arranged in a regular manner. This is also the case for hydrogen bubbles.
- FIG. 11 is to be compared with FIG. 9, the only difference in the experimental conditions between these two figures being related to the application of ultrasound according to the process according to the invention in the electrolytic medium 3 'which is not chemically controlled. .
- Example 2 End of Example 2.
- a sinusoidal alternating and periodic signal (example 1) emitted by the source 4 'and of an alternating and periodic signal under the form of ramps (example 2).
- any other form of alternating and periodic signal can be envisaged for the first control signal.
- a first periodic but non-alternative control signal can also be envisaged. It is thus possible to produce gas bubbles of a given type, which are calibrated with a regular spacing.
- a first control signal that may be used for this purpose may be a sinusoidal signal having an average value strictly greater than or strictly less than the zero value.
- Another first control signal that may be used for this purpose may be a periodic sequence of pulse signals (Dirac comb).
- the duration over which the first control signal actually allows a production of gas bubbles corresponds to the width of the peak of Dirac that is emitted by the source 4 '.
- the burst length must then at least partially cover the duration of the width of the Dirac peak.
- first control signal source 4 '
- This can for example be obtained by Dirac peaks, emitted at non-regular time intervals from one peak to another.
- the gas bubbles issuing from the tip 11 'of the electrode then remain calibrated, the size of these gas bubbles being stable over time, but their spacing is not periodic and differs according to the shape of the gas.
- first control signal non-periodic.
- the invention is particularly advantageous for use with a non-chemically controlled electrolytic medium, it also provides a better stability of gas bubbles over time in a controlled electrolytic medium.
- all of the above examples are based on a production of gas bubbles taking place in an electrolytic medium since in such a medium, the use of a tip-shaped electrode makes it possible to generate localized gas bubbles at the tip. electrode (see article D2).
- This electrolytic medium may be a liquid medium or a gel.
- the gas bubbles can then be caused to move in a liquid medium, gel type or simply in any medium allowing the displacement of gas bubbles produced.
- the manner of operating to produce localized gas bubbles is of no importance, the main point being to be able to subject the gas bubbles thus produced in a localized manner to ultrasound.
- the invention is not limited to the production of several gas bubbles. It is indeed quite possible to be interested in the production of a single gas bubble.
- this can be achieved with the device described in support of Example 1, with a signal from the source 4 which is a Dirac peak.
- the amplitude of this Dirac peak can be controlled and such a peak always has frequency information that will effectively produce said bubble.
- the ultrasound burst is then generated in the direction of said at least one gas bubble as described in support of Example 1.
- the burst is issued over a salvage time covering at least partially a duration over which gas is actually produced (duration of the Dirac peak, here).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1459127A FR3026315B1 (fr) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Procede de controle d'au moins une bulle de gaz produite de maniere localisee |
PCT/IB2015/057398 WO2016046806A1 (fr) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-25 | Procede de controle d'au moins une bulle de gaz produite de maniere localisee |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3197595A1 true EP3197595A1 (fr) | 2017-08-02 |
Family
ID=51932482
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15780940.1A Withdrawn EP3197595A1 (fr) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-25 | Procede de controle d'au moins une bulle de gaz produite de maniere localisee |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10538848B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3197595A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3026315B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016046806A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110787751A (zh) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | 一种控制气泡运动的装置和方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1967496B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-28 | 2011-11-23 | Omsi Co., Ltd | Procede de production de solution de dioxyde de carbone |
KR100867142B1 (ko) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-11-06 | 주식회사 에너지마스타 | 산소/수소 혼합가스 발생 증대장치 |
US8433400B2 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2013-04-30 | Marina Prushinskaya | Method and portable device for treating skin disorders |
US20120055805A1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2012-03-08 | Kirchoff James A | Cavitation assisted sonochemical hydrogen production system |
ITTO20110826A1 (it) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-16 | Guido Parisi | Centrale domestica a piu' funzioni, dispositivo per la sua alimentazione con idrogeno e metodo di funzionamento della stessa |
WO2013179684A1 (fr) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Hasegawa Tadamasa | Appareil de production d'hydrogène gazeux et procédé de production d'hydrogène gazeux |
-
2014
- 2014-09-26 FR FR1459127A patent/FR3026315B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-09-25 WO PCT/IB2015/057398 patent/WO2016046806A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-09-25 US US15/512,666 patent/US10538848B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-09-25 EP EP15780940.1A patent/EP3197595A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2016046806A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170292199A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
US10538848B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
FR3026315A1 (fr) | 2016-04-01 |
WO2016046806A1 (fr) | 2016-03-31 |
FR3026315B1 (fr) | 2018-01-26 |
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