EP3194094B1 - Verlorenes modell zur verwendung beim giessen - Google Patents

Verlorenes modell zur verwendung beim giessen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3194094B1
EP3194094B1 EP15753404.1A EP15753404A EP3194094B1 EP 3194094 B1 EP3194094 B1 EP 3194094B1 EP 15753404 A EP15753404 A EP 15753404A EP 3194094 B1 EP3194094 B1 EP 3194094B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lost pattern
enclosed
cavities
cavity
stack
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP15753404.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3194094A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Marc BIZEAU
Franck Hautefeuille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Publication date
Application filed by PSA Automobiles SA filed Critical PSA Automobiles SA
Publication of EP3194094A1 publication Critical patent/EP3194094A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02—Lost patterns
    • B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
    • B22C7/026—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials by assembling preformed parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of foundry casting using a lost model. It relates to the lost models used for the manufacture of a casting, and to the method of assembling parts constituting lost models.
  • a lost model In the field of foundry, it is known to manufacture a piece of metal material from the use of a lost model.
  • the latter has a conformation and dimensions identical to the desired part.
  • the lost model is formed of a sublimable material, such as for example polystyrene, polyurethane or polyethylene.
  • the lost model is placed inside a matrix made of sand that receives the molten metal material. In contact with the molten metal material, the sublimable material is sublimated to make room for the metallic material. After cooling of the latter, the metal part obtained is of shape and dimensions identical to those of the lost model.
  • Polystyrene molded parts in this case called strata, may be, after molding, assembled to form foundry models called “non-permanent models” or “lost models", since the models will be destroyed and replaced by molten metal when molding metal parts. This assembly is necessary especially when the castings to be obtained are of complex shape, which is the case of the cylinder heads.
  • the assembling of the layers is usually done by gluing, for example using a hot melt glue.
  • An example of sizing technique by spray of a polyurethane-based glue in aqueous emulsion is given in the patent FR-2 768 068 .
  • publications JP-01202338 and WO00 / 15370 disclose casting methods using lost models, the models comprising closed cavities to reduce the volume of gas produced during casting of the metal.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to remedy this drawback.
  • it aims to reduce or even eliminate the occurrence of blow-type defects in foundry metal parts with lost models.
  • the subject of the invention is a lost model intended to be used in a foundry for obtaining metal parts and comprising a stack of layers assembled to each other by gluing, as defined by claim 1, as well as a method of performing a lost model as defined by claim 9.
  • lower and upper and / or “upper” and “lower” faces will be used throughout the present text because the method of assembling the strata to constitute the lost model is generally done by stacking strata vertically, where one begins stacking with a stratum, whose lower face is glued and then placed on the upper face of another layer, the set of both layers being then glued on a new so-called lower stratum etc. ...
  • this recess does not open once the model is constituted. Thus, in particular, when one comes to dispose the model in the foundry sand, this sand can not penetrate them.
  • closed recess can be defined jointly not by two successive layers, but three or more.
  • these recesses are not functional, in that they do not participate in the shape of the final metal part, since, during casting, the molten metal will fill these cavities / recesses, just as the metal would replace the polystyrene if these cavities did not exist.
  • the lost model according to the invention comprises several closed recesses.
  • the cylinder head mentioned above it will be particularly in all areas corresponding to the valve support areas (intake and / or exhaust).
  • the closed recess or recesses are located in one or more zones of the model having a thickness (including that of the recess) of at least 10 mm measured along the stacking axis of the strata.
  • the volume of the closed recess or at least one of them is distributed substantially equally between the two recess portions that define it.
  • the two recess portions (when, in the most frequent case, the recess is defined jointly by only two strata), each define approximately half the volume of the complete closed recess. It can also be provided that the shape of these two recess portions is similar, and even that they have a symmetry with respect to their sharing plane corresponding to the interface area between the two layers.
  • the volume of the closed recess or at least one of them is distributed differently between the two recess portions that define it.
  • one of the recess portions defines more than 50% of the total volume of the complete recess, for example 60, 70 or even 90% and more.
  • the shape of the wall of the recess portion belonging to a stratum at least partially follows the shape of the opposite wall of said stratum.
  • the volume of the closed recess or at least one of them is of the order of 1 cm 3 , in particular between 0.5 and 1.5 cm 3 .
  • the thickness of the closed recess or at least one of them, measured along the stacking axis of the strata is about 1 cm, and especially between 0.5 and 1.5 cm.
  • the invention also relates to such a lost model, which corresponds to the shape of a cylinder head or a portion of the engine cylinder head, and such that the closed recesses are located in the corresponding areas. to the supports of the valves intended to be associated with the cylinder head.
  • the recesses have flat upper walls parallel to the upper walls of the upper stratum corresponding to the valve supports, also planes. This configuration allows in particular to have a maximum volume of recess.
  • the subject of the invention is also a process for producing a lost model intended to be used in a foundry for obtaining metal parts and comprising a stack of layers assembled to each other by gluing, where the lost model comprises at least a closed recess which is defined jointly by two recess portions respectively belonging to two successive strata, respectively called lower stratum and upper stratum in the stack, and in particular being as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method described above, which comprises the lost model in question.
  • the invention also relates to a foundry piece obtained from the lost model described above.
  • the figure 1 represents in vertical section the lost model M in polystyrene, composed of 5 layers 1,2,3,4,5 assembled in known manner by gluing according to a stack along a vertical axis X.
  • Two recesses 6,7 are represented, which are entirely closed in the complete lost model, and which are not “functional", in that they are not intended to define the shape of the metal part to be produced.
  • the recess 6 thus has a substantially trapezoidal section, with an upper partition belonging to the stratum 4 and defining a planar and oblique zone 61 facing an equally flat and oblique zone 41 belonging to the upper face of the stratum 4 (that is to say the face of the stratum 4 directed towards the next stratum, the stratum 5.
  • This zone 41 corresponds, in the cylinder head once produced, to a zone of support of the valves which will be mounted in the breech.
  • the lower partition 62 belonging to the lower layer 3 is curved, with a substantially flat bottom.
  • the zone under this surface 41 would be relatively "thick” (at least 10 mm), with, consequently, locally, a gas evolution due to the sublimation of the larger polystyrene, and therefore a risk blowholes in the metal part.
  • the recess 6 one comes to "dig” in this massive part, to limit the gas release.
  • the metal will fill during casting, and the shape of the final piece remains unchanged, whether the recess 6 is present or not in the lost model.
  • the scrap rate on the cylinder heads could drop significantly.
  • the recess 7 its upper partition define an oblique planar zone 71 which "follows" also the outer face 42 of the stratum 4 facing said wall and also corresponding to a valve bearing face in the breech.
  • Its lower partition 72 belonging to the lower stratum 3 is substantially entirely flat and in continuity with the outer face of the stratum 3.
  • the recesses 6 and 7 define a volume of about 0.5 to 1.5 cm 3 , of the order of cm 3, therefore. It can be seen that, in the case of the recess 6, approximately one-third of the volume is defined by the profile of the lower stratum 3 and the remainder by that of the upper stratum 4. In the case of the recess 7, it appears that it is the upper layer 4 which really defines the volume of the cavity, whereas the stratum 3 only comes to close it without any very significant modification of its profile: one sees that any form of recess is possible, and any distribution of the volume between the two strata is so too.
  • the number and geometry of the recesses thus adapt to the constitution of each lost model.
  • the creation of these recesses does not complicate the manufacture of the lost model, and tends to lighten it by using less polystyrene, which is very advantageous.
  • each closed recess 6 consists of a recess portion 6a of the stratum 3 and of a recess portion 6b complementary to the stratum 4. It can be seen that the recess 7 is defined by a portion of recess only in one of the strata 4, the other stratum 3 being unmodified and simply closing the cavity 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verlorenes Modell (M), das dazu bestimmt ist, in der Gießerei für das Erhalten metallischer Teile verwendet zu werden, und das eine Stapelung von Schichten (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) umfasst, die aneinander durch Kleben zusammengefügt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das verlorene Modell mindestens eine geschlossene Ausmuldung (6, 7) umfasst, die gemeinsam von zwei Ausmuldungsabschnitten definiert ist, die jeweils zu zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Schichten (3, 4), jeweils untere Schicht (3) und obere Schicht (4) genannt, in der Stapelung gehören, wobei die geschlossene(n) Ausmuldung(en) (6, 7) in einer oder Zonen des Modells liegen, die eine Stärke von mindestens 10 mm entlang der Stapelungsachse (X) der Schichten (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) gemessen aufweist (aufweisen).
  2. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mehrere geschlossene Ausmuldungen (6, 7) umfasst.
  3. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Volumen der geschlossenen Ausmuldung (6, 7) oder mindestens einer von ihnen im Wesentlichen gleich zwischen den zwei Ausmuldungsabschnitten, die es definieren, verteilt ist.
  4. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Volumen der geschlossenen Ausmuldung (6, 7) oder mindestens einer von ihnen unterschiedlich zwischen den zwei Ausmuldungsabschnitten, die es definieren, verteilt ist.
  5. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Form der Wand (61, 71) des Ausmuldungsabschnitts, der zu einer Schicht gehört, mindestens teilweise der Form der entgegengesetzten Wand (41, 42) der Schicht folgt.
  6. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Volumen der geschlossenen Ausmuldung (6, 7) oder mindestens einer von ihnen in der Größenordnung von 1 cm3 und insbesondere zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 cm3 liegt.
  7. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es der Form eines Zylinderkopfs oder eines Verbrennungsmotor-Zylinderkopfabschnitts entspricht, und dass die geschlossenen Ausmuldungen (6, 7) in den Zonen liegen, die den Sitzen der Ventile, die mit dem Zylinderkopf assoziiert werden sollen, entsprechen.
  8. Verlorenes Modell (M) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die geschlossenen Ausmuldungen (6, 7) flache obere Wände (61, 71) aufweisen, die zu den oberen Wänden (41, 42) der oberen Schicht (4), die den Sitzen von Ventilen entspricht, die ebenfalls flach sind, parallel sind.
  9. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines verlorenen Modells (M), das dazu bestimmt ist, in der Gießerei für das Erhalten metallischer Teile verwendet zu werden und eine Stapelung von Schichten (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) umfasst, die aneinander durch Kleben zusammengefügt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das verlorene Modell mindestens eine geschlossene Ausmuldung (6, 7) umfasst, die gemeinsam von zwei Ausmuldungsabschnitten, die jeweils zu zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Schichten (3, 4), jeweils untere Schicht (3) und obere Schicht (4) genannt, in der Stapelung gehören, wobei die geschlossene(n) Ausmuldung(en) (6, 7) in einer Zone oder Zonen des Modells liegt/liegen, die eine Stärke von mindestens 10 mm entlang der Stapelungsachse (X) der Schichten (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) gemessen aufweist (aufweisen).
EP15753404.1A 2014-09-16 2015-07-28 Verlorenes modell zur verwendung beim giessen Active EP3194094B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1458727A FR3025733B1 (fr) 2014-09-16 2014-09-16 Modele perdu destine a etre utilise en fonderie
PCT/FR2015/052095 WO2016042225A1 (fr) 2014-09-16 2015-07-28 Modele perdu destine a être utilise en fonderie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3194094A1 EP3194094A1 (de) 2017-07-26
EP3194094B1 true EP3194094B1 (de) 2019-04-10

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EP15753404.1A Active EP3194094B1 (de) 2014-09-16 2015-07-28 Verlorenes modell zur verwendung beim giessen

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EP (1) EP3194094B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3025733B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016042225A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111014588A (zh) * 2019-10-18 2020-04-17 徐州江宏阀门有限公司 一种阀门阀体的铸造工艺

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01202338A (ja) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-15 Asahi Malleable Iron Co Ltd 鋳造方法及び消失模型
GB9820073D0 (en) * 1998-09-16 1998-11-11 Rover Group Casting die pattern
FR2959145B1 (fr) * 2010-04-23 2013-01-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de realisation par moulage d'une piece mecanique comportant des formes complexes et evolutives, notamment d'une culasse de vehicule

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3194094A1 (de) 2017-07-26
FR3025733B1 (fr) 2016-11-18
FR3025733A1 (fr) 2016-03-18
WO2016042225A1 (fr) 2016-03-24

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