EP3192626B1 - Method for the treatment of wood dust and assembly for the same - Google Patents

Method for the treatment of wood dust and assembly for the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3192626B1
EP3192626B1 EP16150920.3A EP16150920A EP3192626B1 EP 3192626 B1 EP3192626 B1 EP 3192626B1 EP 16150920 A EP16150920 A EP 16150920A EP 3192626 B1 EP3192626 B1 EP 3192626B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
wood
dust
washing
fibres
process according
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EP16150920.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3192626A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan SCHLÄFKE
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Priority to EP16150920.3A priority Critical patent/EP3192626B1/en
Priority to PL16150920T priority patent/PL3192626T3/en
Publication of EP3192626A1 publication Critical patent/EP3192626A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing wood fiber insulation mats according to the preamble of claim 1, a device for washing wood dust according to claim 12 and a plant for the production of wood fiber insulation mats comprising such a device according to claim 15.
  • wood fiber insulating materials are enjoying increasing popularity, for example as Gefachdämmung, interior insulation when building a house or as impact sound-reducing layer between floor slab and flooring.
  • the wood fibers used for the production of wood fiber insulating materials are obtained from wood chips in a defibration process (e.g., in a refiner).
  • the wood fibers produced with such a defibration process have a length between 1.5 mm and 20 mm and a thickness between 0.05 mm and 1 mm.
  • the wood fibers are dried, mixed with a suitable binder, the wood fiber binder mixture is then placed on a nonwoven on a conveyor belt, compacted into mats and the compacted mats cut and packaged.
  • the composition of the wood dust varies depending on the process step.
  • the wood dusts occurring during drying, mixing, web formation and compaction predominantly contain fiber-containing dusts, while the wood dust developing in the fabrication step of the wood fiber mats consists primarily of fine dust particles.
  • Such wood dust can have health effects for the persons coming into contact with it.
  • a significant portion of the wood dust deposited in the nasal cavity and in the downstream airways which can lead to cancer of the affected tissues in the worst case. Accordingly, it is necessary to dissipate these dusts directly in the individual process steps and to dispose of them in a suitable manner.
  • a problem in the combustion of the wood dusts arises when fire-resistant substances are added to the wood fiber insulation in the manufacturing process. These are also found in appropriate concentrations in the wood dusts and provide in the energy system for a lower calorific value. This in turn means that more energy (e.g., gas) is needed to reach and maintain the appropriate temperature in the combustion chamber.
  • the dusts containing fire-retardant ensure improper combustion and thus lead to increased emission of emissions.
  • this unclean combustion seems to be the cause of increased deposition of silicates in the burner chamber, which must be removed regularly with a considerable cost factor.
  • the JP H0625481A relates to a method for producing a wood substitute by press molding a mixture of resin and wood dust, wherein the wood dust is washed at the beginning of the manufacturing process, inter alia.
  • the EP2398958 B1 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the technical object of utilizing the wood dusts occurring in the production of wood fiber insulating materials more economically and ecologically better.
  • a method of treating wood dust obtained in the process of making wood fiber insulation mats in at least one process step after defibering the wood chips to wood fibers is provided, wherein the wood dust is subjected to at least one washing step.
  • the present process thus makes it possible to provide a wood dust washed with a suitable detergent, to which additives (such as flame retardants) which oppose cost-effective combustion have been removed by the washing step.
  • additives such as flame retardants
  • the calorific value in the energy system is increased and simultaneously Energy costs and emissions lowered.
  • the detergent contained in the additive can be recycled to the manufacturing process, whereby an additional saving in the amount of additive used, for example flame retardant amount is possible.
  • wastewater accumulating in the production process of the wood fiber insulating mats as a washing agent to the washing step.
  • At least one aqueous solvent in particular water
  • the aqueous detergent should in particular allow a dissolution of water-soluble additives in particular from the wood dust.
  • the pH of the aqueous detergent can be adjusted as desired, depending on the additive to be washed, wherein a pH in the range between 5 and 8, preferably 7 is desirable.
  • the temperature of the aqueous detergent can be adjusted according to requirements.
  • the temperature of the aqueous detergent may be between 20 ° C and 60 ° C, preferably between 25 ° C and 50 ° C.
  • the temperature of the aqueous detergent not only has an influence on the dissolving behavior of the additive but also on the soaking behavior of the wood dusts. It has been shown that especially fibrous wood dust can be soaked faster in warm water than in cold water.
  • At least one condensate produced in the drying process of the wood fiber is used as a scrubbing agent for the wood dust in the at least one washing step.
  • the condensate already has a higher pH than fresh water, preferably a pH above 9. Also contained in the condensate during the defibration process and subsequent drying process from the wood dissolved oils and resins, due to the recycling or The reuse of the condensate as washing water during the washing step to attach to the wood fiber and can accelerate fire in the energy system.
  • water-soluble additives which have been added to the wood fibers in the production process of the wood-fiber insulating mats can be removed from the wood dust.
  • the water-soluble additives to be removed from the wood dust are selected from a group containing flame retardants, especially inorganic flame retardants, fungicides such as e.g. Polyamines or VOC reducing agents, e.g. silane-containing compounds or polyamines selected.
  • flame retardants especially inorganic flame retardants, fungicides such as e.g. Polyamines or VOC reducing agents, e.g. silane-containing compounds or polyamines selected.
  • the water-soluble additives include phosphate or borate-containing flame retardants, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  • phosphate or borate-containing flame retardants preferably ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  • Ammonium phosphates or ammonium polyphosphates are very particularly preferred.
  • the at least one ammonium phosphate is selected from the group consisting of triammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 3 P 3 O 4 , diammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 2 HP 3 O 4 . Monoammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) H 2 P 3 O 4 and ammonium polyphosphate [NH 4 PO 3 ] n .
  • a mixture of different ammonium phosphates can also be used. For example, a mixture of tri-ammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 3 P 3 O 4 and ammonium polyphosphate [NH 4 PO 3 ] n is conceivable.
  • polyphosphates are condensation products of orthophosphoric acid salts (H 3 PO 4 ) having the general molecular formula M ' n + 2 P n O 3n + 1 and the structure M'-O- [P (OM') (O) -O] n -M ', where M' may be a monovalent metal or, as presently, an ammonium cation NH 4 + .
  • the polyphosphates are very often also the short chain (ie actually oligo -) counted phosphates.
  • the degree of polymerization n of the polyphosphates can be up to several thousand. In the present case, the degree of polymerization n of the ammonium polyphosphates used is greater than 10, preferably greater than 15.
  • the washed wood dust resulting from the at least one washing step is separated from the wash water using suitable means, such as pellet presses, briquette presses, filters or press screw separators.
  • suitable means such as pellet presses, briquette presses, filters or press screw separators.
  • a screw such as a screw has proven.
  • the separated wood dust can then be supplied for further use.
  • the separated, washed wood dust is burned in an energy plant to produce energy and / or heat, which is useful in the production process of wood fiber insulation mats.
  • the energy generated in the energy plant is preferably used for power generation.
  • the electricity is then fed back into the grid of the grid operator and compensated accordingly.
  • the washing water resulting after the at least one washing step is returned to the production process of the wood-fiber insulating mat. Accordingly, the present method opens up the possibility of washing water, which contains at least one flame retardant and possibly other largely water-soluble additives (fungicides, etc.) to be reintroduced into the production process of the wood fiber insulation mat.
  • the washing water after the defibering step and before the drying step of the wood fibers is returned to the manufacturing process of the wood fiber insulating mat.
  • At least one additive in particular at least one flame retardant, such as ammonium phosphate, is added to the wash water before it is returned to the production process.
  • at least one flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate
  • the wash water already contains the additive e.g. contains the flame retardant
  • the necessary for the manufacturing process additive concentration can be effected by repeated introduction into the production process and separation.
  • the wood dust to be washed can be produced in different process steps during the wood fiber insulation production.
  • the wood dust to be washed falls in at least one drying step of the wood fibers, while the mixture of the wood fibers with binder fibers, while the fleece formation of wood fibers and binder fibers the compression of the nonwoven and / or during the assembly of the compacted wood fiber insulation mat on.
  • the defibration process of the (moist) woodchips in a refiner is followed by the drying process of the wood fibers.
  • the wood fibers are mixed or contacted with the at least one additive, in particular the at least one flame retardant.
  • the at least one additive in particular the at least one flame retardant.
  • the additive is used in an amount between 1 and 20% by weight, preferably 5 and 15% by weight.
  • the dried wood fibers provided with the additive are then sorted according to their size and preferably stored temporarily, for example in silos or bunkers.
  • the with the additive e.g. the flame retardant mixed or mixed wood fibers are mixed with binder fibers following.
  • the binder fibers are typically plastic fibers that are in the form of monocomponent fibers or bicomponent fibers.
  • the mixing of the wood fibers with such binder fibers is preferably carried out in a blown line before the web formation, as will be described in detail below.
  • monocomponent fibers are preferably made of polyethylene or other low melting point plastics.
  • Bicomponent fibers typically consist of a support filament or a core fiber of a higher temperature resistant plastic material, especially polypropylene, which is sheathed or encased in a plastic having a lower melting point, in particular polyethylene.
  • the shell or the jacket allows melting of the wood fibers after melting.
  • the fiber mixture used to make the wood fiber insulating mat may comprise 60 to 90% by weight, preferably 70 to 80% by weight of wood fibers and 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight of binder fibers.
  • the binder fibers are provided from bale openers and the necessary amount of binder fibers determined.
  • the binder fibers are applied with the wood fibers on a first conveyor belt to form a Vorvlieses, in particular inflated.
  • the wood fibers and the binder fibers can be guided over a blow pipe and inflated onto a first conveyor belt.
  • blowpipe intensive mixing of wood fibers and binder fibers and optionally other components is carried out by the injected air as a means of transport.
  • the amount of supplied fiber mixture depends on the desired layer thickness and the desired bulk density of the wood fiber mat to be produced.
  • thermally activatable plastic granules After depositing the mixture of wood fibers and binder fibers and, if appropriate, further components on the first conveyor belt, further components, such as e.g. a thermally activatable plastic granules are sprinkled onto the formed fleece.
  • the thermally activatable plastic granules can be added in amounts of 5-45% by weight, preferably in amounts of 10-40% by weight, particularly preferably in amounts of 20-30% by weight, based on the particular fiber mixture used.
  • Well suited as plastic granules are those incurred in the recycling of plastic articles from the dual system.
  • the pre-fleece deposited on the first conveyor belt is defibered, mixed and the fiber mixture is applied to a second conveyor belt to form a fiber cake.
  • the thickness of the obtained fiber cake or mat is adjusted by the rotational speed of the second conveyor belt.
  • the fiber cake is subsequently heated and compacted, the temperatures used for this purpose being between 100 ° C. and 250 ° C., preferably 130 ° C. and 220 ° C., in particular at 200 ° C.
  • the temperatures used for this purpose being between 100 ° C. and 250 ° C., preferably 130 ° C. and 220 ° C., in particular at 200 ° C.
  • the fiber mat is finally reduced to the desired dimensions and cooled; the cooling preferably takes place during the calibration and in the cooling zone of the continuous furnace.
  • the dusts occurring during these individual process steps are each introduced separately into corresponding filter devices.
  • the wood dusts accumulating during the drying process of the wood fibers (which contain predominantly wood fiber components) are introduced into a dryer filter associated with the drying device.
  • the wood dusts (consisting of wood fiber and binder fibers) produced during the mixing of wood fibers and binder fibers and the subsequent multi-stage web formation and the compression process are passed through a production filter.
  • the (very finely divided) wood dusts accumulating during assembly (blank and packaging) are sucked through a saw filter.
  • the filtered wood dusts are then removed in a suitable collection device, e.g. a silo, collected and stored temporarily, before the wood dust is subjected to the washing process. It is also conceivable and possible for the wood dusts to be stored according to their composition (predominantly fibrous or finely particulate dusts) and to be further treated in separate washing processes.
  • a suitable collection device e.g. a silo
  • the washing step of the wood dusts is carried out in a device e.g. a container is carried out, the at least one inlet for the wood dust (eg in the form of trough slugs connected to the silo), at least one inlet - which is inventively in the form of nozzles - for at least one aqueous detergent, at least one outlet for the washing water and at least includes an outlet for the washed wood dust.
  • a device e.g. a container is carried out, the at least one inlet for the wood dust (eg in the form of trough slugs connected to the silo), at least one inlet - which is inventively in the form of nozzles - for at least one aqueous detergent, at least one outlet for the washing water and at least includes an outlet for the washed wood dust.
  • the present washing device also comprises at least one means for separating the washed wood dust from the washing water, wherein the at least one separating means causes a squeezing out of the washing water from the washed wood dust.
  • the at least one outlet for the washing water and the at least one outlet for the washed wood dust are provided at opposite ends of the at least one separating means.
  • the at least one separation means is in the form of a screw (so-called press screw separator).
  • a screw to separate the washed wood dust from the detergent or washing water results in the formation of a plug of pressed or pre-pressed wood dust at or in front of the outlet, which effects a watertight closure of the wood dust outlet.
  • further squeezing out of the scrubbing powder from the wood dust is accomplished by at least one counter-holding means against the at least one outlet effected for the washed wood dust forming plug.
  • This counteracting means also referred to as an anvil
  • This counteracting means is preferably cone-shaped and / or spring-loaded.
  • the washing device described is part of a plant for the production of wood fiber insulation mats.
  • the present plant for the production of wood fiber insulation mats comprises at least one dryer for wood fiber drying, at least one device for mixing wood fibers and binder fibers, at least one device for web formation of wood fibers and binder fibers, at least one device for nonwoven densification and / or at least one device for packaging the compacted Wood fiber mat, and at least one silo for collecting the accumulating in at least one of these devices wood dust.
  • the at least one wood dust washing device is provided downstream of the at least one silo.
  • the silo is preceded by at least one filter, preferably at least three filters for separating the wood dust from the drying air of the dryer, the mixing and web-forming device, the compacting device (e.g., oven) and / or the packaging device.
  • at least one filter dryer filter
  • at least one filter is associated with the dryer, at least one filter (production filter) of the mixing, web formation and compression device and at least one filter (saw filter) of the clothing device.
  • the at least one washing device is coupled to at least one system for energy and heat production.
  • the washed wood dust separated in the washing device is introduced into the energy plant for combustion.
  • the at least one washing device with a discharge for the washing water in the order or entry device for the at least one additive, in particular flame retardants, coupled in the wood fiber stream.
  • the washing water leaving the washing device, which contains the washed-out additive is correspondingly mixed with the wood fibers or applied to the wood fibers.
  • the washed-out additive e.g., flame retardant
  • the present system further comprises at least one means for removing the accumulated in the wood fiber dryer condensate, which at least partially as a washing water into which at least one washing device can be introduced.
  • Another part of the condensate can also be conventionally mixed directly with an additive, in particular a flame retardant, and introduced into the wood fiber stream leaving the refiner.
  • FIG. 1 Shown embodiment of the method according to the invention describes the individual process steps beginning with the provision of the wood starting product to the finished wood fiber insulation mat.
  • step 1 suitable wood starting material for producing the woodchips is first provided.
  • wood source material all conifers, hardwoods or mixtures thereof are suitable.
  • step 2 the wood fibers are subjected to the defibering process in a refiner (step 2), during which process a suitable wetting agent is optionally added to the wood fibers during the defibering process.
  • the wood fibers can be mixed with a flame retardant immediately after fiber pulping (step 3).
  • the contacting of the wood fibers with the flame retardant can be carried out at this stage of the process, for example in a blowline process.
  • step 4 a drying process of the wood fibers mixed with the flame retardant (step 4), wherein this drying process can take place in two stages I, II.
  • the dryer is designed as a 2-stage dryer, with the main drying in stage 1 being done by means of hot gases (air or superheated steam) and after-drying in stage 2, where it is also possible to use hot air or superheated steam.
  • the mixture of substances is separated in / after each stage by means of separation cyclone and capsule units (not shown).
  • the dried wood fibers are sorted according to their size (not shown) and stored in suitable storage containers (for example silo or bunker) (not shown).
  • the wood fibers are mixed with bicomponent fibers as binder fibers (step 5).
  • the bicomponent fibers are provided from bale openers and determines the necessary amount of bicomponent fibers.
  • the fleece is re-fiberized at the end of the first conveyor belt, mixed and applied the fiber mixture on a second conveyor belt to form a fiber cake.
  • the combination of the formation of a pre-batt with re-fiberization is also known as an air-lay process (step 6).
  • the fiber cake is then compacted at a temperature of about 200 ° C (step 7) and adjusted to the desired thickness.
  • hot air flows through the fiber cake and there is an activation of the binding fibers in the wood fiber mat, so that the heated and melted binding fibers connect with the wood fibers.
  • the wood fiber mat obtained is suitably assembled (step 8).
  • the dusts occurring during these individual process steps are each introduced separately into corresponding filter devices.
  • the wood dusts accumulating during the drying process of the wood fibers are introduced into a dryer filter associated with the drying device (step 9).
  • the wood dusts (consisting of wood fiber and binder fibers) produced during the mixing of wood fibers and binder fibers and the subsequent multi-stage web formation and the compression process are passed through a production filter (step 10).
  • the during the Packaging (blank and packaging) (very finely divided) wood dusts are sucked through a saw filter (step 11).
  • the filtered wood dusts are then removed in a suitable collection device, e.g. a silo (12), collected and stored temporarily, before the wood dust is subjected to the washing process.
  • a suitable collection device e.g. a silo (12)
  • the washing step of the wood dusts and the separation of the washed wood dust from the washing water are carried out in a washing device 13 (see also the description of the FIG. 2 ).
  • the washing device 13 is coupled to at least one plant for energy and heat generation.
  • the washed wood dust separated in the washing apparatus is introduced into the power plant 13a for combustion.
  • the flame retardant contained in the wood dust is washed out and returned with the washing water back into the order or entry device for the flame retardant in the refiner 2 abandoned wood fiber stream.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the washing device 13 in the form of a container with an inlet for the wood dust 14, which is in the form of trough screws coupled to the dust silo 12, and a plurality of detergent inlet nozzles 15, the inlets 14, 15 respectively on the top side of the container are arranged.
  • the container 13 has a certain level of detergent, which also makes it possible to determine certain properties of the washing water which define the dissolving behavior, such as pH and conductance, by means of suitable sensors.
  • the sensors for determining the pH 16 and the conductance 17 are provided in the lower area of the container near the outlets.
  • a separating means 18 in the form of a press screw is provided in the lower region of the container 13.
  • the separated from the wood dust wash water is returned via the outlet 19 coupled with drain valve, filter and pump to the entry device 3 for the flame retardant solution in the refiner 2 abandoned wood fiber.
  • the conductance of the brine against the water supplied increased sharply already after 30 seconds, which indicates a detachment of the ammonium phosphate from the wood fibers. Accordingly, the ammonium phosphate is already after a short time Dissolution time dissolved out of the wood dust and an extension of the treatment time has only a small effect.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten gemäß dem Oberbegriff nach Anspruch 1, eine Vorrichtung zum Waschen von Holzstaub gemäß Anspruch 12 und eine Anlage zur Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten umfassend eine solche Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 15.The present invention relates to a process for producing wood fiber insulation mats according to the preamble of claim 1, a device for washing wood dust according to claim 12 and a plant for the production of wood fiber insulation mats comprising such a device according to claim 15.

Beschreibungdescription

Holzfaserdämmstoffe erfreuen sich aufgrund ihrer Nachhaltigkeit steigender Beliebtheit zum Beispiel als Gefachdämmung, Innenraumdämmung beim Hausbau oder als Trittschall mindernde Lage zwischen Geschossdecke und Bodenbelag.Due to their sustainability, wood fiber insulating materials are enjoying increasing popularity, for example as Gefachdämmung, interior insulation when building a house or as impact sound-reducing layer between floor slab and flooring.

Die für die Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffen verwendeten Holzfasern werden aus Holzhackschnitzeln in einem Zerfaserungsprozess (z.B. in einem Refiner) gewonnen. Die mit solch einem Zerfaserungsprozess hergestellten Holzfasern weisen eine Länge zwischen 1,5 mm und 20 mm und eine Dicke zwischen 0,05 mm und 1 mm auf.The wood fibers used for the production of wood fiber insulating materials are obtained from wood chips in a defibration process (e.g., in a refiner). The wood fibers produced with such a defibration process have a length between 1.5 mm and 20 mm and a thickness between 0.05 mm and 1 mm.

Im weiteren Herstellungsprozess werden die Holzfasern getrocknet, mit einem geeigneten Bindemittel vermischt, das Holzfaser-Bindemittel-Gemisch wird anschließen zu einem Vlies auf einem Transportband abgelegt, zu Matten verdichtet und die verdichteten Matten zugeschnitten und verpackt.In the further manufacturing process, the wood fibers are dried, mixed with a suitable binder, the wood fiber binder mixture is then placed on a nonwoven on a conveyor belt, compacted into mats and the compacted mats cut and packaged.

In jedem dieser einzelnen Verfahrensschritte fallen als Neben- bzw. Abfallprodukte Holzstäube an, wobei die Zusammensetzung der Holzstäube in Abhängigkeit vom Verfahrensschritt variiert. So weisen die während der Trocknung, Mischung, Vliesbildung und Verdichten anfallenden Holzstäube vorwiegend faserhaltige Stäube auf, während der im Konfektionsschritt der Holzfasermatten sich entwickelnde Holzstaub in erster Linie aus feinen Staubpartikeln besteht.In each of these individual process steps fall as by-products or waste wood dust, the composition of the wood dust varies depending on the process step. Thus, the wood dusts occurring during drying, mixing, web formation and compaction predominantly contain fiber-containing dusts, while the wood dust developing in the fabrication step of the wood fiber mats consists primarily of fine dust particles.

Derartige Holzstäube können gesundheitliche Wirkungen für die damit in Kontakt kommenden Personen aufweisen. So lagert sich ein wesentlicher Teil des Holzstaubes in der Nasenhöhle und auch in den nachgelagerten Atemwegen ab, was im schlimmsten Fall zu Krebserkrankungen der befallenen Gewebe führen kann. Entsprechend ist es notwendig diese Stäube unmittelbar in den einzelnen Prozessschritten abzuführen und in geeigneter Weise zu entsorgen.Such wood dust can have health effects for the persons coming into contact with it. Thus, a significant portion of the wood dust deposited in the nasal cavity and in the downstream airways, which can lead to cancer of the affected tissues in the worst case. Accordingly, it is necessary to dissipate these dusts directly in the individual process steps and to dispose of them in a suitable manner.

Eine Möglichkeit der Entsorgung der Holzstäube besteht in deren Verbrennung und der damit verbundenen Nutzung zur Energie- bzw. Wärmegewinnung.One way to dispose of the wood dust is their combustion and the associated use for energy or heat.

Ein Problem bei der Verbrennung der Holzstäube ergibt sich, wenn den Holzfaserdämmstoffen im Herstellungsprozess brandhemmende Stoffe zugesetzt werden. Diese finden sich in entsprechender Konzentration auch in den Holzstäuben wieder und sorgen in der Energieanlage für einen schlechteren Brennwert. Dies führt wiederum dazu, dass mehr Energie (z.B. Gas) benötigt wird, um die entsprechende Temperatur im Verbrennungsraum zu erreichen und zu halten. Zusätzlich sorgen die Brandhemmer aufweisenden Stäube für eine unsaubere Verbrennung und führen somit zu einem erhöhten Ausstoß von Emissionen. Außerdem scheint diese unsaubere Verbrennung ursächlich für eine erhöhte Ablagerung von Silikaten im Brennerraum zu sein, welche regelmäßig mit einem beachtlichen Kostenfaktor entfernt werden müssen.A problem in the combustion of the wood dusts arises when fire-resistant substances are added to the wood fiber insulation in the manufacturing process. These are also found in appropriate concentrations in the wood dusts and provide in the energy system for a lower calorific value. This in turn means that more energy (e.g., gas) is needed to reach and maintain the appropriate temperature in the combustion chamber. In addition, the dusts containing fire-retardant ensure improper combustion and thus lead to increased emission of emissions. In addition, this unclean combustion seems to be the cause of increased deposition of silicates in the burner chamber, which must be removed regularly with a considerable cost factor.

Entsprechend ergeben sich mehrere Nachteile. So ist der Brennwert des Holzstaubes in der Energieanlage verschlechtert. Der Energieverbrauch beim Verbrennen der Holzabfälle sowie der Ausstoß von Emissionen sind erhöht. Auch sind höhere Reinigungskosten der Energieanlage durch eine nicht optimale Verbrennung des Brennstoffs erforderlich.Accordingly, there are several disadvantages. Thus, the calorific value of the wood dust in the energy plant is deteriorated. Energy consumption when burning wood waste and emissions are increased. Also, higher cleaning costs of the energy system are required by a non-optimal combustion of the fuel.

Die JP H0625481A betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Holzersatzes durch Pressformen einer Mischung von Harz und Holzstaub, wobei der Holzstaub am Anfang des Herstellungsprozesses u.a. gewaschen wird.The JP H0625481A relates to a method for producing a wood substitute by press molding a mixture of resin and wood dust, wherein the wood dust is washed at the beginning of the manufacturing process, inter alia.

Die EP2398958 B1 offenbart eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 12.The EP2398958 B1 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 12.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die technische Aufgabe zugrunde, die bei der Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffen anfallenden Holzstäube ökonomisch und ökologisch besser zu verwerten.The present invention is therefore based on the technical object of utilizing the wood dusts occurring in the production of wood fiber insulating materials more economically and ecologically better.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1, eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 12 und eine Anlage gemäß Anspruch 15 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1, a device according to claim 12 and a system according to claim 15.

Entsprechend wird ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung bzw. Behandlung von Holzstaub, der im Herstellungsprozess von Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten in mindestens einem Verfahrensschritt nach der Zerfaserung der Holzhackschnitzel zu Holzfasern anfällt, bereitgestellt, wobei der Holzstaub mindestens einem Waschschritt unterzogen wird.Accordingly, a method of treating wood dust obtained in the process of making wood fiber insulation mats in at least one process step after defibering the wood chips to wood fibers is provided, wherein the wood dust is subjected to at least one washing step.

Das vorliegende Verfahren ermöglicht somit die Bereitstellung eines mit einem geeigneten Waschmittel gewaschenen Holzstaubes, welchem einer kostengünstigen Verbrennung entgegenstehende Additive (wie z.B. Flammschutzmittel) durch den Waschschritt entzogen wurden. Hierdurch wird der Brennwert in der Energieanlage gesteigert und gleichzeitig werden Energiekosten und Emissionen gesenkt. Es ergeben sich zudem Einsparungen bei den Reinigungskosten des Brennerraumes der Energieanlage. Wie später noch im Detail erläutert kann das das Additiv enthaltene Waschmittel in den Herstellungsprozess zurückgeführt werden, wodurch eine zusätzliche Einsparung in der verwendeten Additivmenge z.B. Flammschutzmenge möglich ist. Zudem ist es auch möglich, bereits im Herstellungsprozess der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten anfallenden Abwässer als Waschmittel dem Waschschritt zuzuführen.The present process thus makes it possible to provide a wood dust washed with a suitable detergent, to which additives (such as flame retardants) which oppose cost-effective combustion have been removed by the washing step. As a result, the calorific value in the energy system is increased and simultaneously Energy costs and emissions lowered. There are also savings in the cleaning costs of the combustion chamber of the energy system. As explained in detail later, the detergent contained in the additive can be recycled to the manufacturing process, whereby an additional saving in the amount of additive used, for example flame retardant amount is possible. In addition, it is also possible to supply wastewater accumulating in the production process of the wood fiber insulating mats as a washing agent to the washing step.

In einer Ausführungsform des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird in dem mindesten einen Waschschritt mindestens ein wässriges Lösemittel, insbesondere Wasser, als Waschmittel für den Holzstaub verwendet. Das wässrige Waschmittel sollte insbesondere ein Herauslösen insbesondere von wasserlöslichen Additiven aus dem Holzstaub ermöglichen.In one embodiment of the present method, at least one aqueous solvent, in particular water, is used as the scrubbing agent for the wood dust in the at least one washing step. The aqueous detergent should in particular allow a dissolution of water-soluble additives in particular from the wood dust.

Der pH-Wert des wässrigen Waschmittels ist beliebig in Abhängigkeit von dem auszuwaschenden Additiv einstellbar, wobei ein pH-Wert im Bereich zwischen 5 und 8, bevorzugt 7 wünschenswert ist.The pH of the aqueous detergent can be adjusted as desired, depending on the additive to be washed, wherein a pH in the range between 5 and 8, preferably 7 is desirable.

Auch kann die Temperatur des wässrigen Waschmittels entsprechend den Erfordernissen angepasst werden. So kann die Temperatur des wässrigen Waschmittels zwischen 20°C und 60°C, bevorzugt zwischen 25°C und 50°C betragen. Die Temperatur des wässrigen Waschmittels hat nicht nur einen Einfluss auf das Löseverhalten des Additivs sondern auch auf das Einweichverhalten der Holzstäube. Es hat sich nämlich gezeigt, dass sich insbesondere faserhaltiger Holzstaub schneller in warmen Wasser als in kaltem Wasser einweichen lässt.Also, the temperature of the aqueous detergent can be adjusted according to requirements. Thus, the temperature of the aqueous detergent may be between 20 ° C and 60 ° C, preferably between 25 ° C and 50 ° C. The temperature of the aqueous detergent not only has an influence on the dissolving behavior of the additive but also on the soaking behavior of the wood dusts. It has been shown that especially fibrous wood dust can be soaked faster in warm water than in cold water.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird in dem mindestens einen Waschschritt mindestens ein im Trocknungsprozess der Holzfaser anfallendes Kondensat als Waschmittel für den Holzstaub verwendet. Hierdurch ist eine Einsparung an Frischwasser möglich. Zum anderen weist das Kondensat bereits einen höheren pH-Wert als Frischwasser auf, bevorzugt einen pH-Wert über 9. Auch sind in dem Kondensat während des Zerfaserungsprozesses und anschließenden Trocknungsprozesses aus dem Holz gelöste Öle und Harze enthalten, die sich aufgrund des Recyclings bzw. der Wiederverwendung des Kondensates als Waschwasser während des Waschschritts an die Holzfaser anlagern und in der Energieanlage brandbeschleunigend auswirken können.In a preferred embodiment of the present method, at least one condensate produced in the drying process of the wood fiber is used as a scrubbing agent for the wood dust in the at least one washing step. As a result, a saving of fresh water is possible. On the other hand, the condensate already has a higher pH than fresh water, preferably a pH above 9. Also contained in the condensate during the defibration process and subsequent drying process from the wood dissolved oils and resins, due to the recycling or The reuse of the condensate as washing water during the washing step to attach to the wood fiber and can accelerate fire in the energy system.

Wie bereits angedeutet, können mit dem vorliegenden Verfahren in dem mindestens einen Waschschritt wasserlösliche Additive, die den Holzfasern im Herstellungsprozess der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten zugemischt wurden, aus dem Holzstaub entfernt werden.As already indicated, with the present method in the at least one washing step, water-soluble additives which have been added to the wood fibers in the production process of the wood-fiber insulating mats can be removed from the wood dust.

Die aus dem Holzstaub zu entfernenden wasserlöslichen Additive sind aus einer Gruppe enthaltend Flammschutzmittel, insbesondere anorganische Flammschutzmittel, Fungizide wie z.B. Polyamine oder VOC-reduzierende Mittel wie z.B. silanhaltige Verbindungen oder Polyamine ausgewählt.The water-soluble additives to be removed from the wood dust are selected from a group containing flame retardants, especially inorganic flame retardants, fungicides such as e.g. Polyamines or VOC reducing agents, e.g. silane-containing compounds or polyamines selected.

Es ist besonders bevorzugt, wenn die wasserlöslichen Additive Phosphat- oder Borat-haltige Flammschutzmittel, bevorzugt Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Tris(tri-bromneopentyl)phosphat, Zinkborat oder Borsäurekomplexe von mehrwertigen Alkoholen, umfassen. Ammoniumphosphate bzw. Ammoniumpolyphosphate sind ganz besonders bevorzugt.It is particularly preferred if the water-soluble additives include phosphate or borate-containing flame retardants, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols. Ammonium phosphates or ammonium polyphosphates are very particularly preferred.

In einer Ausführungsform ist das mindestens eine Ammoniumphosphat ausgewählt aus der Gruppe enthaltend Triammoniumphosphat (NH4)3P3O4, Diammoniumphosphat (NH4)2HP3O4. Monoammoniumphosphat (NH4)H2P3O4 und Ammoniumpolyphosphate [NH4PO3]n. Es kann auch eine Mischung aus verschiedenen Ammoniumphosphaten verwendet werden. So ist z.B. eine Mischung aus Triammoniumphosphat (NH4)3P3O4 und Ammoniumpolyphosphate [NH4PO3]n denkbar.In one embodiment, the at least one ammonium phosphate is selected from the group consisting of triammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 3 P 3 O 4 , diammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 2 HP 3 O 4 . Monoammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) H 2 P 3 O 4 and ammonium polyphosphate [NH 4 PO 3 ] n . A mixture of different ammonium phosphates can also be used. For example, a mixture of tri-ammonium phosphate (NH 4 ) 3 P 3 O 4 and ammonium polyphosphate [NH 4 PO 3 ] n is conceivable.

Hierbei sind unter den Ammoniumpolyphosphaten Ammonium-Salze von Polyphosphaten zu verstehen. Allgemein stellen Polyphosphate Kondensationsprodukte von Salzen der orthoPhosphorsäure (H3PO4) mit der allgemeinen Summenformel M'n+2PnO3n+1 und der Struktur M'-O-[P(OM')(O)-O]n-M' dar, wobei M' ein einwertiges Metall oder wie vorliegend ein Ammonium-Kation NH4 + sein kann. Zu den Polyphosphaten werden sehr häufig auch die kurzkettigen (also eigentlich oligo-) Phosphate gezählt. Der Polymerisationsgrad n der Polyphosphate kann bis zu mehrere Tausend betragen. Vorliegend ist der Polymerisationsgrad n der verwendeten Ammoniumpolyphosphate größer als 10, bevorzugt größer als 15.Here are the ammonium polyphosphates ammonium salts of polyphosphates to understand. In general, polyphosphates are condensation products of orthophosphoric acid salts (H 3 PO 4 ) having the general molecular formula M ' n + 2 P n O 3n + 1 and the structure M'-O- [P (OM') (O) -O] n -M ', where M' may be a monovalent metal or, as presently, an ammonium cation NH 4 + . The polyphosphates are very often also the short chain (ie actually oligo -) counted phosphates. The degree of polymerization n of the polyphosphates can be up to several thousand. In the present case, the degree of polymerization n of the ammonium polyphosphates used is greater than 10, preferably greater than 15.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird der nach dem mindestens einem Waschschritt anfallende gewaschene Holzstaub vom Waschwasser unter Verwendung von geeigneten Mitteln, wie z.B. von Pelletpressen, Brikettpressen, Filtern oder Pressschnecken-Separatoren, abgetrennt. Als besonders geeignet für diesen Zweck hat sich die Verwendung einer Schnecke, z.B. einer Pressschnecke erwiesen.In a further embodiment of the present method, the washed wood dust resulting from the at least one washing step is separated from the wash water using suitable means, such as pellet presses, briquette presses, filters or press screw separators. Particularly suitable for this purpose, the use of a screw, such as a screw has proven.

Der abgetrennte Holzstaub kann anschließend der weiteren Nutzung zugeführt werden. Insbesondere wird der abgetrennte, gewaschene Holzstaub in einer Energieanlage unter Gewinnung von Energie und/oder Wärme verbrannt, die im Herstellungsprozess der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten nutzbar ist. Die erzeugte Energie in der Energieanlage wird bevorzugt zur Stromerzeugung genutzt. Der Strom wird anschließend ins Stromnetz des Netzbetreibers zurückgespeist und entsprechend vergütet.The separated wood dust can then be supplied for further use. In particular, the separated, washed wood dust is burned in an energy plant to produce energy and / or heat, which is useful in the production process of wood fiber insulation mats. The energy generated in the energy plant is preferably used for power generation. The electricity is then fed back into the grid of the grid operator and compensated accordingly.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird das nach dem mindestens einen Waschschritt anfallende Waschwasser in den Herstellungsprozess der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatte zurückgeführt. Entsprechend eröffnet das vorliegende Verfahren die Möglichkeit Waschwasser, welches mindestens ein Flammschutzmittel und ggf. weitere größtenteils wasserlösliche Additive (Fungizide etc.) enthält, in den Herstellungsprozess der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatte wieder einzuschleusen.In a further preferred embodiment of the present method, the washing water resulting after the at least one washing step is returned to the production process of the wood-fiber insulating mat. Accordingly, the present method opens up the possibility of washing water, which contains at least one flame retardant and possibly other largely water-soluble additives (fungicides, etc.) to be reintroduced into the production process of the wood fiber insulation mat.

Insbesondere wird das Waschwasser nach dem Zerfaserungsschritt und vor dem Trocknungsschritt der Holzfasern in den Herstellungsprozess der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatte zurückgeführt.Specifically, the washing water after the defibering step and before the drying step of the wood fibers is returned to the manufacturing process of the wood fiber insulating mat.

In einer weiteren Variante des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird dem Waschwasser vor Rückführung in den Herstellungsprozess mindestens ein Additiv, insbesondere mindestens ein Flammschutzmittel wie Ammoniumphosphat zugegeben. In dem Falle, dass das Waschwasser bereits das Additiv wie z.B. das Flammschutzmittel enthält, ist es auch denkbar, soviel Additiv dem Waschwasser zusätzlich zuzugeben, bis die für den Herstellungsprozess erforderliche Konzentration erreicht ist. Auch kann die für den Herstellungsprozess notwendige Additiv-Konzentration durch wiederholtes Einschleusen in den Produktionsprozess und Abtrennen bewirkt werden.In a further variant of the present process, at least one additive, in particular at least one flame retardant, such as ammonium phosphate, is added to the wash water before it is returned to the production process. In the event that the wash water already contains the additive, e.g. contains the flame retardant, it is also conceivable to add so much additive the wash water in addition to the required concentration for the manufacturing process is reached. Also, the necessary for the manufacturing process additive concentration can be effected by repeated introduction into the production process and separation.

Neben der Rückführung des Waschwassers in den Herstellungsprozess für Holzfasern ist insbesondere im Falle des Einsatzes von Ammoniumphosphaten als Flammschutzmittel auch eine Verwendung des Waschwassers als Düngemittel denkbar.In addition to the return of the wash water in the production process for wood fibers, a use of the washing water as fertilizer is conceivable in particular in the case of the use of ammonium phosphates as flame retardants.

Wie bereits oben angedeutet, kann der zu waschende Holzstaub in verschiedenen Prozessschritten während der Holzfaserdämmstoffproduktion anfallen. Entsprechend einer Variante des vorliegenden Verfahrens fällt der zu waschende Holzstaub in mindestens einem Trocknungsschritt der Holzfasern, während der Mischung der Holzfasern mit Bindemittelfasern, während der Vliesbildung aus Holzfasern und Bindemittelfasern, während des Verdichtens des Vlieses und/oder während der Konfektionierung der verdichteten Holzfaserdämmstoffmatte an. Diese Verfahrensschritte werden im Folgenden näher erläutert.As already indicated above, the wood dust to be washed can be produced in different process steps during the wood fiber insulation production. According to a variant of the present method, the wood dust to be washed falls in at least one drying step of the wood fibers, while the mixture of the wood fibers with binder fibers, while the fleece formation of wood fibers and binder fibers the compression of the nonwoven and / or during the assembly of the compacted wood fiber insulation mat on. These method steps are explained in more detail below.

Wie bereits erwähnt, schließt sich dem Zerfaserungsprozess der (feuchten) Holzhackschnitzel in einem Refiner der Trocknungsprozess der Holzfasern an. Hierbei erfolgt ein Trocknen der Holzfasern zu einem Feuchtegrad von 1 bis 10 %, bevorzugt 3 bis 5 %, wobei dieser Trocknungsprozess in zwei Stufen ausgeführt werden kann.As already mentioned, the defibration process of the (moist) woodchips in a refiner is followed by the drying process of the wood fibers. Here, a drying of the wood fibers to a degree of moisture of 1 to 10%, preferably 3 to 5%, whereby this drying process can be carried out in two stages.

Nach dem Zerfaserungsprozess und noch vor Einführen der Holzfasern in eine Trocknungsvorrichtung werden die Holzfasern mit dem mindestens einen Additiv, insbesondere dem mindestens einen Flammschutzmittel versetzt bzw. kontaktiert. Dies kann z.B. einem Blow-Line-Verfahren erfolgen. Das Additiv, insbesondere das Flammschutzmittel, wird in einer Menge zwischen 1 und 20 Gew%, bevorzugt 5 und 15 Gew% eingesetzt.After the defibration process and before the wood fibers are introduced into a drying apparatus, the wood fibers are mixed or contacted with the at least one additive, in particular the at least one flame retardant. This can e.g. carried out a blow-line process. The additive, in particular the flame retardant, is used in an amount between 1 and 20% by weight, preferably 5 and 15% by weight.

Die getrockneten mit dem Additiv versehenen Holzfasern werden anschließend entsprechend ihrer Größe sortiert bzw. gesichtet und bevorzugterweise zwischengelagert, zum Beispiel in Silos oder Bunkern.The dried wood fibers provided with the additive are then sorted according to their size and preferably stored temporarily, for example in silos or bunkers.

Die mit dem Additiv z.B. dem Flammschutzmittel versetzten bzw. gemischten Holzfasern werden folgend mit Bindemittelfasern gemischt. Die Bindemittelfasern sind typischerweise Kunststofffasern, die in Form von Monokomponenten-Fasern oder Bikomponenten-Fasern vorliegen. Die Vermischung der Holzfasern mit derartigen Bindefasern erfolgt bevorzugterweise in einer Blasleitung vor der Vliesbildung, wie weiter unten noch im Detail beschrieben wird.The with the additive e.g. the flame retardant mixed or mixed wood fibers are mixed with binder fibers following. The binder fibers are typically plastic fibers that are in the form of monocomponent fibers or bicomponent fibers. The mixing of the wood fibers with such binder fibers is preferably carried out in a blown line before the web formation, as will be described in detail below.

Werden Monokomponenten-Fasern verwendet, bestehen diese bevorzugt aus Polyethylen oder anderen Kunststoffen mit einem niedrigen Schmelzpunkt.When monocomponent fibers are used, they are preferably made of polyethylene or other low melting point plastics.

Bikomponentenfasern (auch als BiCo-Stützfasern bezeichnet) bestehen typischerweise aus einem Tragfilament oder aus einer Kernfaser aus einem Kunststoff mit höherer Temperaturbeständigkeit, insbesondere Polypropylen, die aus einem Kunststoff mit einem niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt, insbesondere aus Polyethylen, umhüllt bzw. ummantelt ist. Die Hülle bzw. der Mantel ermöglicht nach Aufschmelzen eine Vernetzung der Holzfasern.Bicomponent fibers (also referred to as BiCo support fibers) typically consist of a support filament or a core fiber of a higher temperature resistant plastic material, especially polypropylene, which is sheathed or encased in a plastic having a lower melting point, in particular polyethylene. The shell or the jacket allows melting of the wood fibers after melting.

Das zur Herstellung der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatte verwendete Fasergemisch kann 60 bis 90 Gew%, bevorzugt 70 bis 80 Gew% an Holzfasern und 5 bis 20 Gew%, bevorzugt 10 bis 15 Gew% an Bindemittelfasern umfassen.The fiber mixture used to make the wood fiber insulating mat may comprise 60 to 90% by weight, preferably 70 to 80% by weight of wood fibers and 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight of binder fibers.

Zur Vermischung der Holzfasern mit den Bindemittelfasers werden die Bindemittelfasern aus Ballenöffnern bereitgestellt und die notwendige Menge an Bindemittelfasern bestimmt.To mix the wood fibers with the binder fiber, the binder fibers are provided from bale openers and the necessary amount of binder fibers determined.

Die Bindemittelfasern werden mit den Holzfasern auf ein erstes Transportband unter Ausbildung eines Vorvlieses aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgeblasen. Gemäß dieser Variante des Herstellungsverfahrens können die Holzfasern und die Bindemittelfasern über eine Blasleitung geführt und auf ein erstes Transportband aufgeblasen werden. In der Blasleitung erfolgt dabei eine intensive Vermischung von Holzfasern und Bindemittelfasern und gegebenenfalls weiteren Komponenten durch die eingeblasene Luft als Transportmittel. Die Menge an zugeführtem Fasergemisch richtet sich nach der gewünschten Schichtdicke und der gewünschten Rohdichte der herzustellenden Holzfasermatte.The binder fibers are applied with the wood fibers on a first conveyor belt to form a Vorvlieses, in particular inflated. According to this variant of the production process, the wood fibers and the binder fibers can be guided over a blow pipe and inflated onto a first conveyor belt. In the blowpipe intensive mixing of wood fibers and binder fibers and optionally other components is carried out by the injected air as a means of transport. The amount of supplied fiber mixture depends on the desired layer thickness and the desired bulk density of the wood fiber mat to be produced.

Nach Ablage der Mischung aus Holzfasern und Bindemittefasern und gegebenenfalls weiteren Komponenten auf dem ersten Transportband können vorliegend unter Verwendung eines Pulverstreuers (Hersteller: z.B. Fa. TPS) weitere Komponenten wie z.B. ein thermisch aktivierbares Kunststoffgranulat auf das gebildete Vorvlies aufgestreut werden. Das thermisch aktivierbare Kunststoffgranulat kann in Mengen von 5-45 Gew%, bevorzugt in Mengen von 10-40 Gew%, insbesondere bevorzugt in Mengen von 20-30 Gew% bezogen auf das jeweils eingesetzte Fasergemisch zugegeben werden. Gut geeignet als Kunststoffgranulate sind solche, die beim Recyceln von Kunststoffartikeln aus dem dualen System anfallen.After depositing the mixture of wood fibers and binder fibers and, if appropriate, further components on the first conveyor belt, further components, such as e.g. a thermally activatable plastic granules are sprinkled onto the formed fleece. The thermally activatable plastic granules can be added in amounts of 5-45% by weight, preferably in amounts of 10-40% by weight, particularly preferably in amounts of 20-30% by weight, based on the particular fiber mixture used. Well suited as plastic granules are those incurred in the recycling of plastic articles from the dual system.

In einem weitergehenden Schritt des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird das auf dem ersten Transportband abgelegte Vorvlies zerfasert, vermischt und die Fasermischung auf ein zweites Transportband unter Ausbildung eines Faserkuchens aufgebracht. Die Dicke des erhaltenen Faserkuchens bzw. Matte wird dabei durch die Umlaufgeschwindigkeit des zweiten Transportbandes eingestellt.In a further step of the present method, the pre-fleece deposited on the first conveyor belt is defibered, mixed and the fiber mixture is applied to a second conveyor belt to form a fiber cake. The thickness of the obtained fiber cake or mat is adjusted by the rotational speed of the second conveyor belt.

Wie oben bereits ausgeführt, wird der Faserkuchen anschließend erwärmt und verdichtet, wobei die hierfür verwendeten Temperaturen zwischen 100°C und 250°C, bevorzugt 130°C und 220°C, insbesondere bei 200°C liegen. Mit dem Verdichten und/oder Erwärmen ist eine Aktivierung des Bindemittels bzw. der Bindefasern in der Holzfasermatte verbunden.As already stated above, the fiber cake is subsequently heated and compacted, the temperatures used for this purpose being between 100 ° C. and 250 ° C., preferably 130 ° C. and 220 ° C., in particular at 200 ° C. With the densification and / or heating, an activation of the binder or binding fibers in the wood fiber mat is connected.

In der Endbearbeitung wird die Fasermatte schließlich auf die gewünschten Maße reduziert und gekühlt; die Kühlung erfolgt bevorzugt während der Kalibrierung und in der Kühlzone des Durchlaufofens.In finishing, the fiber mat is finally reduced to the desired dimensions and cooled; the cooling preferably takes place during the calibration and in the cooling zone of the continuous furnace.

Die während dieser einzelnen Verfahrensschritte anfallenden Stäube werden jeweils separat in entsprechende Filtervorrichtungen eingeführt. So werden die während des Trocknungsprozesses der Holzfasern anfallenden Holzstäube (die vorwiegend Holzfaserkomponenten enthalten) in einen der Trocknungsvorrichtung zugeordneten Trocknerfilter eingeführt. Die während des Mischens von Holzfasern und Bindemittelfasern und der anschließenden mehrstufigen Vliesbildung und dem Verdichtungsprozess anfallenden Holzstäube (die aus Holzfaser- und Bindemittelfasern bestehen) werden durch einen Produktionsfilter geführt. Die während der Konfektionierung (Zuschnitt und Verpackung) anfallenden (sehr feinteiligen) Holzstäube werden durch einen Sägefilter abgesaugt.The dusts occurring during these individual process steps are each introduced separately into corresponding filter devices. Thus, the wood dusts accumulating during the drying process of the wood fibers (which contain predominantly wood fiber components) are introduced into a dryer filter associated with the drying device. The wood dusts (consisting of wood fiber and binder fibers) produced during the mixing of wood fibers and binder fibers and the subsequent multi-stage web formation and the compression process are passed through a production filter. The (very finely divided) wood dusts accumulating during assembly (blank and packaging) are sucked through a saw filter.

Die abfiltrierten Holzstäube werden anschließend in einer geeigneten Sammelvorrichtung, z.B. einem Silo, gesammelt und zwischengelagert, bevor der Holzstaub dem Waschprozess unterzogen wird. Es ist auch denkbar und möglich, dass die Holzstäube entsprechend ihrer Zusammensetzung (vorwiegend faserförmige oder feinpartikelförmige Stäube) gelagert werden, und in getrennten Waschvorgängen weiterbehandelt werden.The filtered wood dusts are then removed in a suitable collection device, e.g. a silo, collected and stored temporarily, before the wood dust is subjected to the washing process. It is also conceivable and possible for the wood dusts to be stored according to their composition (predominantly fibrous or finely particulate dusts) and to be further treated in separate washing processes.

Der Waschschritt der Holzstäube wird in einer Vorrichtung z.B. einen Behälter durchgeführt, die mindestens einen Einlass für den Holzstaub (z.B. in Form von mit dem Silo verbundenen Trogschnecken), mindestens einen Einlass - der erfinderischerweise in Form von Düsen ausgebildet ist - für mindestens ein wässriges Waschmittel, mindestens einen Auslass für das Waschwasser und mindestens einen Auslass für den gewaschenen Holzstaub umfasst.The washing step of the wood dusts is carried out in a device e.g. a container is carried out, the at least one inlet for the wood dust (eg in the form of trough slugs connected to the silo), at least one inlet - which is inventively in the form of nozzles - for at least one aqueous detergent, at least one outlet for the washing water and at least includes an outlet for the washed wood dust.

Die vorliegende Waschvorrichtung umfasst ebenfalls mindestens ein Mittel zum Abtrennen des gewaschenen Holzstaubes vom Waschwasser, wobei das mindestens eine Abtrennmittel ein Auspressen des Waschwassers aus dem gewaschenen Holzstaub bewirkt. Der mindestens eine Auslass für das Waschwasser und der mindestens eine Auslass für den gewaschenen Holzstaub sind dabei an sich gegenüberliegenden Enden des mindestens einen Abtrennmittels vorgesehen.The present washing device also comprises at least one means for separating the washed wood dust from the washing water, wherein the at least one separating means causes a squeezing out of the washing water from the washed wood dust. The at least one outlet for the washing water and the at least one outlet for the washed wood dust are provided at opposite ends of the at least one separating means.

In einer Ausführungsform ist das mindestens eine Abtrennmittel in Form einer Schnecke (sog. Pressschnecken-Separator) ausgebildet. Durch die Verwendung einer Schnecke zum Separieren des gewaschenen Holzstaubes vom Waschmittel bzw. Waschwasser kommt es zur Ausbildung eines Pfropfens aus gepressten bzw. vorgepressten Holzstaub am bzw. vor dem Auslass, der einen wasserdichten Verschluss des Holzstaubauslasses bewirkt. Gleichzeitig wird ein weiteres Auspressen des Waschmittels aus dem Holzstaub durch mindesten ein Mittel zum Gegenhalten gegen den sich am an dem mindestens einen Auslass für den gewaschenen Holzstaub ausbildenden Pfropfen bewirkt. Dieses Mittel zum Gegenhalten (auch als Gegenhalter bezeichnet) ist bevorzugt kegelförmig ausgebildet und/oder federbelastet.In one embodiment, the at least one separation means is in the form of a screw (so-called press screw separator). The use of a screw to separate the washed wood dust from the detergent or washing water results in the formation of a plug of pressed or pre-pressed wood dust at or in front of the outlet, which effects a watertight closure of the wood dust outlet. At the same time, further squeezing out of the scrubbing powder from the wood dust is accomplished by at least one counter-holding means against the at least one outlet effected for the washed wood dust forming plug. This counteracting means (also referred to as an anvil) is preferably cone-shaped and / or spring-loaded.

Die beschriebene Waschvorrichtung ist Teil einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten. So umfasst die vorliegende Anlage zur Herstellung der Holzfaserdämmstoffmatten mindestens einen Trockner zur Holzfasertrocknung, mindestens eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Holzfasern und Bindefasern, mindestens eine Vorrichtung zur Vliesbildung aus Holzfasern und Bindefasern, mindestens eine Vorrichtung zur Vliesverdichtung und/oder mindestens eine Vorrichtung zur Konfektionierung der verdichteten Holzfasermatte, und mindestens ein Silo zum Sammeln des in mindestens einer dieser Vorrichtungen anfallenden Holzstaubes. Die mindestens eine Waschvorrichtung für den Holzstaub ist stromabwärts von dem mindestens einen Silo vorgesehen.The washing device described is part of a plant for the production of wood fiber insulation mats. Thus, the present plant for the production of wood fiber insulation mats comprises at least one dryer for wood fiber drying, at least one device for mixing wood fibers and binder fibers, at least one device for web formation of wood fibers and binder fibers, at least one device for nonwoven densification and / or at least one device for packaging the compacted Wood fiber mat, and at least one silo for collecting the accumulating in at least one of these devices wood dust. The at least one wood dust washing device is provided downstream of the at least one silo.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Anlage ist dem Silo mindestens ein Filter, bevorzugt mindestens drei Filter zum Abtrennen des Holzstaubes aus der Absaugluft des Trockners, der Misch- und Vliesbildungsvorrichtung, der Verdichtungsvorrichtung (z.B. Ofen) und/oder der Konfektionierungsvorrichtung vorgeschaltet. Dabei ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform mindestens ein Filter (Trocknerfilter) dem Trockner, mindestens ein Filter (Produktionsfilter) der Misch-, Vliesbildung- und Verdichtungsvorrichtung und mindestens ein Filter (Sägefilter) der Konfektionsvorrichtung zugeordnet.In a further embodiment of the present installation, the silo is preceded by at least one filter, preferably at least three filters for separating the wood dust from the drying air of the dryer, the mixing and web-forming device, the compacting device (e.g., oven) and / or the packaging device. In a preferred embodiment, at least one filter (dryer filter) is associated with the dryer, at least one filter (production filter) of the mixing, web formation and compression device and at least one filter (saw filter) of the clothing device.

In einer weiteren Variante der vorliegenden Anlage ist die mindestens eine Waschvorrichtung mit mindestens einer Anlage zur Energie- und Wärmegewinnung gekoppelt. Der in der Waschvorrichtung abgetrennte gewaschene Holzstaub wird in die Energieanlage zur Verbrennung eingeführt.In a further variant of the present system, the at least one washing device is coupled to at least one system for energy and heat production. The washed wood dust separated in the washing device is introduced into the energy plant for combustion.

In einer anderen Variante der vorliegenden Anlage ist die mindestens eine Waschvorrichtung mit einer Ableitung für das Waschwasser in die Auftrags- oder Eintragsvorrichtung für das mindestens eine Additiv, insbesondere Flammschutzmittel, in den Holzfaserstrom gekoppelt. Das die Waschvorrichtung verlassene Waschwasser, welches das ausgewaschene Additiv enthält, wird entsprechend mit den Holzfasern gemischt bzw. auf die Holzfasern aufgetragen. Das ausgewaschene Additiv (z.B. Flammschutzmittel) wird somit in den Prozesskreislauf zurückgeführt bzw. verbleibt in diesem.In another variant of the present system, the at least one washing device with a discharge for the washing water in the order or entry device for the at least one additive, in particular flame retardants, coupled in the wood fiber stream. The washing water leaving the washing device, which contains the washed-out additive, is correspondingly mixed with the wood fibers or applied to the wood fibers. The washed-out additive (e.g., flame retardant) is thus returned to or remains in the process loop.

Die vorliegende Anlage umfasst des Weiteren mindestens ein Mittel zur Entnahme des im Holzfasertrockner angefallenen Kondensats, welches zumindest teilweise als Waschwasser in die mindestens eine Waschvorrichtung eingeführt werden kann. Ein weiterer Teil des Kondensates kann auch konventionell unmittelbar mit einem Additiv, insbesondere einem Flammschutzmittel, vermischt werden und in den den Refiner verlassenen Holzfaserstrom eingebracht werden.The present system further comprises at least one means for removing the accumulated in the wood fiber dryer condensate, which at least partially as a washing water into which at least one washing device can be introduced. Another part of the condensate can also be conventionally mixed directly with an additive, in particular a flame retardant, and introduced into the wood fiber stream leaving the refiner.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figur der Zeichnungen an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Waschvorrichtung .
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the figure of the drawings of an embodiment. It shows:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method according to the invention, and
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of an embodiment of the washing device according to the invention.

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beschreibt die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte beginnend mit dem Bereitstellen des Holzausgangsproduktes bis zur fertigen Holzfaserdämmstoffmatte.In the FIG. 1 Shown embodiment of the method according to the invention describes the individual process steps beginning with the provision of the wood starting product to the finished wood fiber insulation mat.

Entsprechend wird zunächst in Schritt 1 geeignetes Holzausgangsmaterial zur Herstellung der Holzhackschnitzel bereitgestellt. Als Holzausgangsmaterial sind sämtliche Nadelhölzer, Laubhölzer oder auch Mischungen davon geeignet.Accordingly, in step 1 suitable wood starting material for producing the woodchips is first provided. As wood source material all conifers, hardwoods or mixtures thereof are suitable.

Danach werden die Holzfasern dem Zerfaserungsprozess in einem Refiner (Schritt 2) unterworfen, wobei im Verlaufe des Zerfaserungsprozesses den Holzfasern ggf. ein geeignetes Benetzungsmittel zugeführt wird.Thereafter, the wood fibers are subjected to the defibering process in a refiner (step 2), during which process a suitable wetting agent is optionally added to the wood fibers during the defibering process.

Die Holzfasern können unmittelbar nach dem Faseraufschluss mit einem Flammschutzmittel vermischt werden (Schritt 3). Das In-Kontaktbringen der Holzfasern mit dem Flammschutzmittel kann an dieser Verfahrensstufe zum Beispiel in einem Blow-Iine-Verfahren erfolgen.The wood fibers can be mixed with a flame retardant immediately after fiber pulping (step 3). The contacting of the wood fibers with the flame retardant can be carried out at this stage of the process, for example in a blowline process.

Es schließt sich ein Trocknungsprozess der mit dem Flammschutzmittel versetzten Holzfasern (Schritt 4) an, wobei dieser Trocknungsprozess in zwei Stufen I, II erfolgen kann. Der Trockner ist als 2 Stufen Trockner ausgeführt, wobei die hauptsächliche Trocknung in Stufe 1 mittels heißer Gase (Luft oder überhitzter Dampf) erfolgt und Nachtrocknung in Stufe 2, wobei hier ebenfalls der Einsatz von heißer Luft oder überhitzten Dampf möglich ist. Das Stoffgemisch wird in/nach jeder Stufe mittels Abscheidezyklon und Kapselwerke getrennt (nicht gezeigt).This is followed by a drying process of the wood fibers mixed with the flame retardant (step 4), wherein this drying process can take place in two stages I, II. The dryer is designed as a 2-stage dryer, with the main drying in stage 1 being done by means of hot gases (air or superheated steam) and after-drying in stage 2, where it is also possible to use hot air or superheated steam. The mixture of substances is separated in / after each stage by means of separation cyclone and capsule units (not shown).

Die getrockneten Holzfasern werden entsprechend ihrer Größe sortiert bzw. gesichtet (nicht gezeigt) und in geeigneten Vorratsbehältern (zum Beispiel Silo oder Bunker) zwischengelagert (nicht gezeigt).The dried wood fibers are sorted according to their size (not shown) and stored in suitable storage containers (for example silo or bunker) (not shown).

Anschließend werden die Holzfasern mit Bikomponentenfasern als Bindemittelfasern vermischt (Schritt 5). Hierfür werden die Bikomponentenfasern aus Ballenöffnern bereitgestellt und die notwendige Menge an Bikomponentenfasern bestimmt.Subsequently, the wood fibers are mixed with bicomponent fibers as binder fibers (step 5). For this purpose, the bicomponent fibers are provided from bale openers and determines the necessary amount of bicomponent fibers.

Zum Vermischen der Bikomponentenfasern mit den Holzfasern werden diese über eine Blasleitung geführt und auf ein erstes Transportband aufgeblasen. In der Blasleitung erfolgt eine intensive Vermischung von Holzfasern und Bikomponentenfasern durch die eingeblasene Luft als Transportmittel.To mix the bicomponent fibers with the wood fibers, these are passed over a blow pipe and inflated onto a first conveyor belt. In the blast line an intensive mixing of wood fibers and bicomponent fibers by the injected air as a means of transport takes place.

Durch Ablage der Holzfaser-Bikomponentenfasern-Mischung auf dem ersten Transportband kommt es zur Ausbildung eines Vorvlieses. Das Vorvlies wird am Ende des ersten Transportbandes erneut zerfasert, vermischt und die Fasermischung auf ein zweites Transportband unter Ausbildung eines Faserkuchens aufgebracht. Die Kombination der Bildung eines Vorvlieses mit erneuter Zerfaserung ist auch als Air-lay-Verfahren bekannt (Schritt 6).By depositing the wood fiber-bicomponent fiber mixture on the first conveyor belt, it results in the formation of a Vorvlieses. The fleece is re-fiberized at the end of the first conveyor belt, mixed and applied the fiber mixture on a second conveyor belt to form a fiber cake. The combination of the formation of a pre-batt with re-fiberization is also known as an air-lay process (step 6).

Der Faserkuchen wird anschließend bei einer Temperatur von ca. 200 °C verdichtet (Schritt 7) und auf die gewünschte Dicke eingestellt. Hierbei durchströmt heiße Luft den Faserkuchen und es kommt zu einer Aktivierung der Bindefasern in der Holzfasermatte, so dass die erwärmten und angeschmolzenen Bindefasern sich mit den Holzfasern verbinden.The fiber cake is then compacted at a temperature of about 200 ° C (step 7) and adjusted to the desired thickness. In this case, hot air flows through the fiber cake and there is an activation of the binding fibers in the wood fiber mat, so that the heated and melted binding fibers connect with the wood fibers.

In der Endbearbeitung wird die erhaltene Holzfasermatte in geeigneter Weise konfektioniert (Schritt 8).In the finishing, the wood fiber mat obtained is suitably assembled (step 8).

Die während dieser einzelnen Verfahrensschritte anfallenden Stäube werden jeweils separat in entsprechende Filtervorrichtungen eingeführt. So werden die während des Trocknungsprozesses der Holzfasern anfallenden Holzstäube (die vorwiegend Holzfaserkomponenten enthalten) in einen der Trocknungsvorrichtung zugeordneten Trocknerfilter (Schritt 9) eingeführt. Die während des Mischens von Holzfasern und Bindemittelfasern und der anschließenden mehrstufigen Vliesbildung und dem Verdichtungsprozess anfallenden Holzstäube (die aus Holzfaser- und Bindemittelfasern bestehen) werden durch einen Produktionsfilter geführt (Schritt 10). Die während der Konfektionierung (Zuschnitt und Verpackung) anfallenden (sehr feinteiligen) Holzstäube werden durch einen Sägefilter abgesaugt (Schritt 11).The dusts occurring during these individual process steps are each introduced separately into corresponding filter devices. Thus, the wood dusts accumulating during the drying process of the wood fibers (containing predominantly wood fiber components) are introduced into a dryer filter associated with the drying device (step 9). The wood dusts (consisting of wood fiber and binder fibers) produced during the mixing of wood fibers and binder fibers and the subsequent multi-stage web formation and the compression process are passed through a production filter (step 10). The during the Packaging (blank and packaging) (very finely divided) wood dusts are sucked through a saw filter (step 11).

Die abfiltrierten Holzstäube werden anschließend in einer geeigneten Sammelvorrichtung, z.B. einem Silo (12), gesammelt und zwischengelagert, bevor der Holzstaub dem Waschprozess unterzogen wird.The filtered wood dusts are then removed in a suitable collection device, e.g. a silo (12), collected and stored temporarily, before the wood dust is subjected to the washing process.

Der Waschschritt der Holzstäube sowie die Abtrennung des gewaschenen Holzstaubes vom Waschwasser werden in einer Waschvorrichtung 13 durchgeführt (siehe hierzu auch die Beschreibung der Figur 2).The washing step of the wood dusts and the separation of the washed wood dust from the washing water are carried out in a washing device 13 (see also the description of the FIG. 2 ).

Die Waschvorrichtung 13 ist mit mindestens einer Anlage zur Energie- und Wärmegewinnung gekoppelt. Der in der Waschvorrichtung abgetrennte gewaschene Holzstaub wird in die Energieanlage 13a zur Verbrennung eingeführt. In der Waschvorrichtung 13 wird das im Holzstaub enthaltene Flammschutzmittel ausgewaschen und mit dem Waschwasser zurück in die Auftrags- oder Eintragsvorrichtung für das Flammschutzmittel in den den Refiner 2 verlassenen Holzfaserstrom geführt.The washing device 13 is coupled to at least one plant for energy and heat generation. The washed wood dust separated in the washing apparatus is introduced into the power plant 13a for combustion. In the washing device 13, the flame retardant contained in the wood dust is washed out and returned with the washing water back into the order or entry device for the flame retardant in the refiner 2 abandoned wood fiber stream.

Als Waschmittel wird gemäß der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform das im Holzfasertrockner anfallende Kondensat verwendet.As detergent is in accordance with the in FIG. 1 embodiment shown used in the wood fiber dryer condensate.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Waschvorrichtung 13 in Form eines Behälters mit einem Einlass für den Holzstaub 14, welcher in Form von mit dem Staubsilo 12 gekoppelten Trogschnecken ausgebildet ist, und mehreren Einlassdüsen 15 für das Waschmittel, wobei die Einlässe 14, 15 jeweils oberseitig an dem Behälter angeordnet sind. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the washing device 13 in the form of a container with an inlet for the wood dust 14, which is in the form of trough screws coupled to the dust silo 12, and a plurality of detergent inlet nozzles 15, the inlets 14, 15 respectively on the top side of the container are arranged.

Der Behälter 13 weist einen bestimmten Füllstand an Waschmittel auf, wodurch auch die Ermittlung von bestimmten das Löseverhalten definierenden Eigenschaften des Waschwassers, wie pH-Wert und Leitwert, mittels geeigneter Sensoren möglich ist. Die Sensoren zur Bestimmung des pH-Wertes 16 und des Leitwertes 17 sind im unteren Bereich des Behälters nahe den Auslässen vorgesehen.The container 13 has a certain level of detergent, which also makes it possible to determine certain properties of the washing water which define the dissolving behavior, such as pH and conductance, by means of suitable sensors. The sensors for determining the pH 16 and the conductance 17 are provided in the lower area of the container near the outlets.

Zur Separierung von gewaschenen Holzstaub und Waschwasser ist ein Abtrennmittel 18 in Form einer Pressschnecke im unteren Bereich des Behälters 13 vorgesehen.For separating washed wood dust and washing water, a separating means 18 in the form of a press screw is provided in the lower region of the container 13.

Das vom Holzstaub separierte Waschwasser wird über den Auslass 19 gekoppelt mit Ablassventil, Filter und Pumpe zur Eintragsvorrichtung 3 für den Flammschutzmittellösung in den den Refiner 2 verlassenen Holzfaserstrom zurückgeführt.The separated from the wood dust wash water is returned via the outlet 19 coupled with drain valve, filter and pump to the entry device 3 for the flame retardant solution in the refiner 2 abandoned wood fiber.

Durch die Verwendung einer Schnecke zum Separieren des gewaschenen Holzstaubes vom Waschwasser kommt es zur Ausbildung eines Pfropfens aus gepressten bzw. vorgepressten Holzstaub am bzw. vor dem Holzstaubauslass 20 aus dem Behälter 13.The use of a screw for separating the washed wood dust from the washing water results in the formation of a plug of pressed or pre-pressed wood dust on or in front of the wood dust outlet 20 from the container 13.

Gleichzeitig wird ein weiteres Auspressen des Waschwassers aus dem Holzstaub durch einen kegelförmigen Gegenhalter 21 am Auslass 20 bewirkt. Der ausgepresste Holzstaub gelangt anschließend in die mit dem Auslass 20 gekoppelte Energieanlage 13a und wird dort verbrannt. Zur Bestimmung der optimalsten Bedingungen für den Waschschritt hinsichtlich des Löseverhaltens des Flammschutzmittels vom Holzstaub wurden verschiedene Parameter getestet.At the same time a further squeezing the wash water from the wood dust is effected by a conical counter-holder 21 at the outlet 20. The pressed wood dust then passes into the energy system 13a coupled to the outlet 20 and is burned there. Various parameters were tested to determine the optimum conditions for the washing step with respect to the dissolving behavior of the wood dust flame retardant.

Ausführungsbeispiel 1: Dauer des WaschprozessesEmbodiment 1: Duration of the washing process

Zunächst wurde untersucht, welchen Einfluss die Zeit bzw. Dauer auf das Ablöseverhalten des Flammschutzmittels Ammoniumphosphat vom Holzstaub hat. Hierzu wurden 30 g mit Flammschutzmittel belasteter Holzstaub in jeweils 200 ml warmen Wasser (49°C) vermischt und die Lösezeit über einen Zeitraum von 30 bis 120 Sekunden untersucht. Zur Bestimmung der Ablösemenge des Ammoniumphosphates wurden der Leitwert und der pH-Wert des Waschüberstandes (Sole) bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengefasst. Tabelle 1 Ifd. Nr Probengewicht in g Wasser menge in ml Wassertemp. in °C Leitwert Wasser in mS/cm PH-Wert Wasser in °dH Lösezeit in sek Leitwert Sole in mS/cm PH-Wert Sole in °dH Wassertemp. in °C 1 30 200 49,0 0,452 7,54 30 21,6 3,90 36,5 2 30 200 49,0 0,592 7,41 60 20,7 3,98 36,4 3 30 200 49,0 0,478 7,45 90 21,5 3,96 36,0 4 30 200 49,0 0,557 7,21 120 21,6 3,99 35,7 First, it was investigated what influence the time or duration has on the detachment behavior of the flame retardant ammonium phosphate from wood dust. For this purpose, 30 g of wood dust contaminated with flame retardant were mixed in respectively 200 ml of warm water (49 ° C.) and the dissolution time was investigated over a period of 30 to 120 seconds. To determine the rate of detachment of the ammonium phosphate, the conductance and the pH of the wash supernatant (brine) were determined. The results are summarized in Table 1. Table 1 Ifd. No Sample weight in g Amount of water in ml Water temp. in ° C Conductance water in mS / cm PH value water in ° dH Release time in sec Conductivity brine in mS / cm PH value brine in ° dH Water temp. in ° C 1 30 200 49.0 0.452 7.54 30 21.6 3.90 36.5 2 30 200 49.0 0.592 7.41 60 20.7 3.98 36.4 3 30 200 49.0 0,478 7.45 90 21.5 3.96 36.0 4 30 200 49.0 0.557 7.21 120 21.6 3.99 35.7

Wie deutlich erkennbar, ist der Leitwert der Sole gegenüber dem zugeführten Wasser bereits nach 30 Sekunden stark angestiegen, was auf eine Ablösung des Ammoniumphosphates von den Holzfasern hindeutet. Entsprechend ist das Ammoniumphosphat schon nach kurzer Lösezeit aus dem Holzstaub herausgelöst und eine Verlängerung der Behandlungszeit hat nur einen geringen Effekt.As can be clearly seen, the conductance of the brine against the water supplied increased sharply already after 30 seconds, which indicates a detachment of the ammonium phosphate from the wood fibers. Accordingly, the ammonium phosphate is already after a short time Dissolution time dissolved out of the wood dust and an extension of the treatment time has only a small effect.

Ausführungsbeispiel 2: Dauer und KonzentrationEmbodiment 2: Duration and Concentration

Des Weiteren wurde der Einfluss der verwendeten Menge an warmen Waschwasser auf das Löseverhalten untersucht (Tabelle 2). Tabelle 2 Ifd. Nr Probengewicht in g Wassermenge in ml Wassertemp. in °C Leitwert Wasser in mS/cm PH-Wert Wasser in °dH Lösezeit in sek Leitwert Sole in mS/cm PH-Wert Sole in °dH Wassertemp. in °C 5 30 400 49,0 0,414 7,52 60 11,80 4,68 39,9 6 30 400 49,0 0,333 7,46 120 12,08 4,70 38,0 7 30 250 36,0 12,08 4,70 60 23,30 3,87 33,0 Furthermore, the influence of the amount of warm wash water used on the dissolution behavior was investigated (Table 2). Table 2 Ifd. No Sample weight in g Amount of water in ml Water temp. in ° C Conductance water in mS / cm PH value water in ° dH Release time in sec Conductivity brine in mS / cm PH value brine in ° dH Water temp. in ° C 5 30 400 49.0 0.414 7.52 60 11,80 4.68 39.9 6 30 400 49.0 0.333 7.46 120 12.08 4.70 38.0 7 30 250 36.0 12.08 4.70 60 23.30 3.87 33.0

Die Halbierung des Leitwertes nach Verdopplung der verwendeten Waschwassermenge bestätigt, dass das Ammoniumphosphat komplett aus dem Holzstaub herausgelöst wurde. Die Möglichkeit der Aufsättigung bzw. Aufkonzentration wird im Versuch 7 bestätigt.Halving the conductance after doubling the amount of washing water used confirms that the ammonium phosphate has been completely dissolved out of the wood dust. The possibility of saturation or concentration is confirmed in experiment 7.

Ausführungsbeispiel 3: TemperaturEmbodiment 3: Temperature

Auch wurde der Einfluss der Waschwassertemperatur auf das Löseverhalten untersucht, wobei die Ergebnisse der Versuche 8 und 9 in Tabelle 3 bestätigen, dass das Löseverhalten nicht maßgeblich von der Wassertemperatur abhängt. Allerdings ist ein verbessertes Einweichverhalten des Holzstaubes in warmen Wasser zu beobachten. Tabelle 3 Ifd. Nr Probengewicht in g Solemenge in ml Wassertemp. in °C Leitwert Sole in mS/cm PH-Wert Sole in °dH Lösezeit in sek Leitwe rt Sole in mS/cm PH-Wert Sole in °dH Wassertemp. in °C 8 30 500 24,6 0,376 7,47 60 10,40 5,37 23,7 9 30 500 26,2 0,377 7,20 120 10,25 5,38 24,6 The influence of the wash water temperature on the dissolution behavior was also investigated, the results of Tests 8 and 9 in Table 3 confirming that the dissolution behavior does not depend significantly on the water temperature. However, an improved soaking behavior of the wood dust in warm water can be observed. Table 3 Ifd. No Sample weight in g Amount of brine in ml Water temp. in ° C Conductivity brine in mS / cm PH value brine in ° dH Release time in sec Leitwe rt brine in mS / cm PH value brine in ° dH Water temp. in ° C 8th 30 500 24.6 0,376 7.47 60 10.40 5.37 23.7 9 30 500 26.2 0.377 7.20 120 10.25 5.38 24.6

Brandtest der gewaschenen Holzstaubproben zeigen eine vollständige Verbrennung des Holzstaubes ohne Bildung von Rückständen.Fire test of the washed wood dust samples show complete combustion of the wood dust without formation of residues.

Claims (15)

  1. Process for the production of wood-fibre insulation mats, characterized in that the wood dust arising in at least one step after the defibration of the wood chips to give wood fibres in the production process for the wood-fibre insulation mats is subjected to at least one washing step.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one washing step uses at least one aqueous solvent, in particular water, as washing means for the wood dust.
  3. Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one washing step uses, as washing means for the wood dust, at least one condensate arising in the process of drying the wood fibre.
  4. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that water-soluble additives which have been admixed with the wood fibres in the production process for the wood-fibre insulation mats are removed from the wood dust in the at least one washing step.
  5. Process according to Claim 4, characterized in that the water-soluble additives are selected from a group comprising flame retardants, in particular inorganic flame retardants, fungicides and VOC-reducing agents.
  6. Process according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the water-soluble additives comprise phosphate- or borate-containing flame retardants, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, tris(tribromoneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  7. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washed wood dust arising after the at least one washing step is separated from the wash water, in particular by the use of pellet presses, briquette presses, filters or screw-press separators.
  8. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wash water arising after the at least one washing step is returned to the production process for the wood-fibre insulation mat.
  9. Process according to Claim 8, characterized in that the wash water is returned to the production process for the wood-fibre insulation mat after the defibration step and before the step of drying of the wood fibres.
  10. Process according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one additive, in particular at least one flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, is added to the wash water before return to the production process.
  11. Process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood dust requiring washing arises in at least one step of drying of the wood fibres, during the mixing of the wood fibres with binder fibres, during the formation of a web made of wood fibres and binder fibres, during the compaction of the web and/or during the further operations on the compacted wood-fibre insulation mat.
  12. Device for the washing of wood dust which arises in at least one step after the defibration of the wood chips to give wood fibres in the process for producing wood-fibre insulation mats, comprising at least one inlet for the wood dust,
    at least one inlet for at least one aqueous washing means,
    at least one outlet for the wash water, and
    at least one outlet for the washed wood dust,
    at least one means for the separation of the washed wood dust from the wash water, where the at least one separation means uses compression to force the wash water out from the washed wood dust, characterized in that the at least one inlet for the at least one aqueous washing means is configured in the form of nozzles.
  13. Device according to Claim 12, characterized in that the at least one separation means is configured in the form of a screw.
  14. Device according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized by at least one means for exerting a force on compacted material that accumulates at the at least one outlet for the washed wood dust.
  15. Plant for the conduct of a process according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 comprising
    - at least one dryer for the drying of wood fibre, at least one device for the mixing of wood fibres and binder fibres, at least one device for forming a web made of wood fibres and binder fibres, at least one device for the compaction of a web and/or at least one device for further operations on the compacted wood-fibre mat, and
    - at least one silo for the collection of the wood dust arising in at least one of these devices,
    characterized by,
    provided upstream of the at least one silo, at least one device according to any of Claims 12 to 14.
EP16150920.3A 2016-01-12 2016-01-12 Method for the treatment of wood dust and assembly for the same Active EP3192626B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16150920.3A EP3192626B1 (en) 2016-01-12 2016-01-12 Method for the treatment of wood dust and assembly for the same
PL16150920T PL3192626T3 (en) 2016-01-12 2016-01-12 Method for the treatment of wood dust and assembly for the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16150920.3A EP3192626B1 (en) 2016-01-12 2016-01-12 Method for the treatment of wood dust and assembly for the same

Publications (2)

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EP3192626A1 EP3192626A1 (en) 2017-07-19
EP3192626B1 true EP3192626B1 (en) 2018-07-04

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Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3192626B1 (en)
PL (1) PL3192626T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2728680A (en) * 1951-10-30 1955-12-27 Nat Lead Co Flame retarding agent
JPS59152837A (en) * 1983-02-22 1984-08-31 Okura Ind Co Ltd Manufacture of woody molding
JP2848925B2 (en) * 1990-06-15 1999-01-20 光洋産業株式会社 Method for preparing solution of lignocellulosic substance
US5262003A (en) * 1991-09-18 1993-11-16 The Black Clawson Company Method and system for defibering paper making materials
JPH06254816A (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-13 Hitomaru Mokuzai Kk Lumber substitute and apparatus for preparing it
FI121060B (en) * 2000-05-22 2010-06-30 Metso Paper Inc Waste treatment method and waste treatment plant
KR100550297B1 (en) * 2003-08-19 2006-02-08 최광극 Flame retardant wooden powder
DE102005048958B4 (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-08-09 Glunz Ag Method and device for obtaining wood fibers from wood chips
CN101284393A (en) * 2007-04-10 2008-10-15 杨明杰 Medium-density fiberboard production waste drainage closed cycle loop back technique
US8871061B2 (en) * 2009-01-13 2014-10-28 Biogasol Aps Method and apparatus for in-feeding of matter to a process reactor
RU2494182C2 (en) * 2009-01-13 2013-09-27 Биогасоль Ипр Апс Device for treatment of organic material such as cutting, soaking or flushing and method of operation of device for treatment of organic material
KR100939236B1 (en) * 2009-06-22 2010-01-29 유희룡 Bagasse composite, composite manufacturing method and interior composite using the same

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Title
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EP3192626A1 (en) 2017-07-19

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