EP3191821A1 - Handmessgerät mit einem nmr-sensor, sowie verfahren zu dessen betrieb - Google Patents
Handmessgerät mit einem nmr-sensor, sowie verfahren zu dessen betriebInfo
- Publication number
- EP3191821A1 EP3191821A1 EP15747413.1A EP15747413A EP3191821A1 EP 3191821 A1 EP3191821 A1 EP 3191821A1 EP 15747413 A EP15747413 A EP 15747413A EP 3191821 A1 EP3191821 A1 EP 3191821A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- measuring device
- workpiece
- magnetic field
- sensor
- measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
- G01N24/082—Measurement of solid, liquid or gas content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
- G01N24/087—Structure determination of a chemical compound, e.g. of a biomolecule such as a protein
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
- G01R33/3808—Magnet assemblies for single-sided MR wherein the magnet assembly is located on one side of a subject only; Magnet assemblies for inside-out MR, e.g. for MR in a borehole or in a blood vessel, or magnet assemblies for fringe-field MR
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mobile, in particular handheld, measuring device, which has a housing in which at least one sensor device, a control device for controlling the sensor device, an evaluation device for evaluating supplied by the sensor device measuring signals and a device for power supply of the measuring device are provided.
- the mobile measuring device in particular a hand-held measuring device, is based on a measuring device with a housing in which at least one sensor device, a control device for controlling the sensor device, an evaluation device for evaluating measurement signals supplied by the sensor device and a device for supplying power to the measuring device are provided.
- the sensor device has at least one nuclear magnetic resonance sensor (NMR sensor) which is provided at least for the detection and / or analysis and / or differentiation of a material characteristic value of a workpiece, in particular a material characteristic value in a workpiece.
- NMR sensor nuclear magnetic resonance sensor
- a hand-held measuring device is to be understood here in particular as meaning that the measuring device can be transported only with the hands, in particular with one hand, without the aid of a transport machine, and in particular can also be guided along a workpiece during a measuring process.
- the mass of the hand-held measuring device is in particular less than 5 kg, advantageously less than 3 kg and particularly advantageously less than 1 kg.
- the measuring device can have a handle or a grip area, with which the measuring device can be guided over an object to be examined, in particular over a workpiece.
- the components of the sensor device, the control device, the evaluation device and the device for powering the measuring device are at least partially accommodated in the housing of the measuring device.
- the components are housed in their total volume to more than 50%, preferably more than 75% and particularly preferably 100% in the housing of the measuring device.
- the components can be advantageously protected in this way from damage and environmental influences, for example moisture and dust.
- the mobile measuring device has a control device for controlling the sensor device.
- the control device is to be understood in particular to mean a device with at least one control electronics, the means for communication with the other components of the measuring device, for example means for controlling and regulating the sensor device, and / or means for data processing and / or others which appear expedient to the person skilled in the art Having means.
- the control device is provided to at least one operating function parameter of the measuring device as a function of at least one user input and / or one
- control electronics of the control device can be understood to mean a processor unit in conjunction with a memory unit and with an operating program stored in the memory unit, which is executed during the control process.
- the electronic components of the control device can be arranged on a printed circuit board (printed circuit board), preferably in the form of a microcontroller.
- control device can also be provided to control the entire measuring device and to enable its operation.
- control device is provided to communicate with the other components of the measuring device, in particular the sensor device, the evaluation device, an input and / or output device and the data communication interface.
- the evaluation device for evaluating at least one measurement signal supplied by the sensor device is to be understood to mean at least one device which has an information input for accepting the measurement signals of the sensor device, an information processing unit for processing, in particular evaluation of the assumed measurement signals, and an information output for passing on the processed and / or having evaluated measurement signals.
- the evaluation unit has components which comprise at least one processor, a memory and an operating program with evaluation and calculation routines.
- the electronic components of the evaluation device can be arranged on a printed circuit board (printed circuit board), preferably on a common board with the control device, particularly preferably in the form of a microcontroller.
- the control device and the evaluation device may be particularly preferably designed as a single component.
- the evaluation device is provided to evaluate the measurement signals received from the sensor device and to derive therefrom at least information relating to detection and / or analysis and / or differentiation of material characteristic values in a workpiece, in particular material inclusions and / or objects in a workpiece.
- the evaluation and / or the control device can have stored correction and / or calibration tables, which allow evaluation results to be interpreted and / or converted and / or interpolated and / or extrapolated and the measuring device calibrated, in particular with regard to a workpiece material ,
- the device for supplying energy to the measuring device is intended to supply the measuring device with electrical energy for commissioning and during operation.
- this device is a power-independent energy storage, in particular a rechargeable battery, a battery, a fuel cell, a capacitor, another, the expert appears reasonable energy storage or a combination / increase of those.
- accumulators with a cell chemistry which provides a high power and / or energy density are particularly suitable for supplying energy to the measuring device.
- the device for power supply to a releasable positive connection and / or adhesion connection interface.
- the device for power supply is preferably removable and interchangeable on the meter can be arranged.
- the removable device for power supply in and / or outside of the meter can be supplied with energy from a power grid and load again.
- Inclusions of material should in particular include inclusions or objects of other types of metallic and / or non-metallic materials in a material, in particular in the material of the workpiece.
- wood and steel inclusions in concrete, piping and cable lines in a wall, moisture in a concrete screed, but also voids in a material represent such material inclusions.
- Under a workpiece in particular contiguous parts of a material should be understood. By way of example and not limitation, it may be a wall, a floor, a ceiling, a screed, an organic structure (in particular parts of a body) and / or a part of a terrain.
- these materials can be made of wood, glass, plastic, concrete, stone, brick, plaster, metal, organic materials or the like.
- liquids can be analyzed in principle.
- the sensor device of the measuring device has at least one nuclear magnetic resonance sensor, which is provided at least for the detection and / or analysis and / or differentiation of material characteristics in a workpiece.
- the operation of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor is based on the nuclear physics effect, in which atomic nuclei of a material sample, in particular in the workpiece, absorb and emit electromagnetic alternating fields in a magnetic field.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance is based on the precession (Larmorlessnesszession) of nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei in the material sample to the magnetic field lines of a constant, especially static, first magnetic field. In particular, the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei in the material sample are aligned by the first magnetic field.
- a second electromagnetic field in particular an alternating field, for example a pulsed magnetic field
- the atomic nuclei can orient their spins relative to the first magnetic field by absorption to change that energy.
- the second incident magnetic field therefore serves to excite the nuclear spins, which change their nuclear spin states while absorbing energy.
- the emission of energy quanta results from a return of the excited nuclear spins to another, lower energy level, to the emission of an alternating electromagnetic field, which can be observed by a device for detecting a magnetic field change, in particular by means of an antenna and / or a coil.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor allows atomic nuclei to excite the material sample in the workpiece by means of electromagnetic alternating fields and a Generate output signal due to a nuclear magnetic resonance effect.
- the operating parameters of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor can be concluded by means of the amplitude and / or relaxation times of the response signal directly on material properties, in particular material inclusions and / or material inhomogeneities in the volume under investigation.
- Excitation of atomic nuclei should in particular be understood as meaning that the energy of the irradiated electromagnetic fields, in particular alternating fields, causes a change in the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei. Furthermore, it is assumed below that, in particular, variable
- Magnetic fields are coupled with electric fields (see Maxwell equations), so that no distinction between electric field and magnetic field is made.
- electric field To excite nuclear magnetic resonance effects, it is particularly important to the energy transmitted by an irradiated electromagnetic radiation.
- this energy can be transmitted by means of pulsed electromagnetic fields.
- the mobile measuring device in particular the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor contained therein, is brought close to the workpiece to be examined.
- the mobile measuring device allows the detection and / or analysis and / or determination of material parameters, in particular material inclusions and objects, in a workpiece without destroying the material Workpiece.
- the measuring method is a non-destructive, in particular contactless, measuring method, ie in one embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention a material characteristic can also be obtained without any contact of the measuring device with the sample to be measured, optionally also without contact with the workpiece to be examined ,
- the positioning of the measuring device, in particular of the magnetic resonance sensor contained therein in the immediate vicinity of the workpiece surface allows the examination of the workpiece up to a material depth of a few centimeters into the workpiece.
- Essential target variables of the measuring device are the position, size, orientation and depth of a material inclusion and / or a material inhomogeneity and / or an object in the workpiece.
- a calibration of the measuring device in particular a calibration of the sensor device, can be provided.
- a calibration measurement may be performed on a pure sample of material (e.g., pure metal) performed after the meter is turned on to establish a maximum detectable concentration and thus to calibrate the meter. All subsequent measurements, in particular measurements on a workpiece to be examined, are then evaluated in relation to this calibration measurement. Further, when the volume examined by the sensor device is known, an absolute value as well as volumetric quantities, in particular a concentration, a volume percentage information or the like, can be evaluated.
- an input device for entering operating parameters is present, in particular in the housing of the measuring device.
- An input device should in particular be understood to mean a device which is intended to accept at least one piece of information from an operator of the measuring device (in particular user interface) and / or another device via an acoustic, optical, gesture-based and / or tactile input and to the Forward control device of the meter.
- the input device may consist of an actuating element, a keyboard, a display, in particular a touch display, a voice input module, a gesture recognition unit and / or a pointing device (for example a mouse).
- the input device may additionally be present outside of the measuring device, for example in FIG.
- an external data device such as a smartphone, a tablet PC, a PC, or in the form of another, which seems appropriate to a professional external data device, which is connected via a data communication interface with the control device of the meter.
- Working parameters designate all necessary and / or meaningful operating parameters of the measuring device, in particular for its control, as well as parameters relating to the evaluation of the measuring results.
- an output device for outputting operating parameters and / or evaluation results is present, in particular in the housing of the measuring device.
- the output device should be understood to mean at least one means which is provided to output at least one alternating information acoustically, optically and / or tactilely to an operator.
- This can be realized for example by means of a display, a touch display, a sound signal, a change of an operating parameter, a vibration generator and / or an LED display.
- information to be output for example evaluation results and / or information relating to an operating state of the measuring device, can also be sent to a machine control, in particular also the control device of the sensor device, and / or, in particular for increasing user comfort, to a data processing device
- the latter comprises at least one output of information to an external device such as a smartphone, a tablet PC, a PC and another, to a professional appear appropriate sense external data device, which is connected via a data communication interface with the evaluation of the meter.
- an external device such as a smartphone, a tablet PC, a PC and another
- a professional appear appropriate sense external data device which is connected via a data communication interface with the evaluation of the meter.
- both the input device and the output device can advantageously be accommodated directly in the housing of the mobile measuring device or alternatively also be outsourced and realized, for example, via external devices.
- the latter possibility of realization explicitly includes the control, evaluation and output of the measurement results via wired and / or wireless external systems such as remote controls, computer controllers, tablet PCs and / or other mobile devices such as mobile phones, smartphones etc.
- the input device and / or the output device are arranged on a first side of the housing of the measuring device.
- Housing side means in particular a measuring device to its surroundings limiting outer wall of the housing.
- accommodation on a housing side is meant that the input device and / or the output device are inserted, mounted or otherwise attached to the first side of the housing in the surface thereof, in particular the housing itself may be part of the input or output device ,
- the first side of the housing faces the operator when using the measuring device.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor of the mobile measuring device has a first device for generating a first magnetic field, in particular a magnetic field with a defined field gradient, a second device, in particular a radio-frequency coil and / or an antenna, for generating a second, the magnetic field superimposed on the first magnetic field, wherein the control device has at least one control unit for controlling the second device, wherein the control unit is provided in particular for modifying the second magnetic field, in particular for generating pulse sequences.
- the first magnetic field generated by the first device serves to align the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei present in the material of the workpiece in such a way that the nuclear spins, based on their magnetic nuclear spin moment, align themselves with the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field, in particular precisions around the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field.
- An excitation of the nuclear spins occurs as a result of an irradiation of energy in the form of an electromagnetic field generated by the second device, in particular an alternating electromagnetic field, for example a pulsed magnetic field.
- the first device for generating a first magnetic field may, in particular, be understood as meaning devices such as permanent magnets, electromagnets, coil devices.
- the magnetic field generated by the first device is typically designated B 0 .
- the same means can be understood as the second device for generating a second magnetic field, but this second device is advantageously realized by means of a high-frequency coil and / or an antenna.
- the high-frequency coil is operated at a frequency in the megahertz range.
- the frequency is below 900 megahertz, preferably below 200 megahertz, and more preferably below 50 megahertz.
- the control unit for controlling the second device i.
- the radio-frequency coil it is possible to generate pulse sequences of the second magnetic field, so that the second magnetic field generated by the second device can be modified in time and location.
- the pulse sequences By means of the pulse sequences, the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei of the material present in the examined workpiece can be excited in a particularly advantageous manner by electromagnetic alternating fields for the absorption and emission of energy quanta, in particular to resonance.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor has a device for detecting a Magnetic field change, in particular a receiving coil for detecting a change in magnetic field, which makes it possible to close by magnetic field changes caused by magnetic field magnetic field changes to material-specific characteristics.
- Nuclear magnetic resonance effect of existing and excited in the workpiece nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei due to an influence of the first and / or the second magnetic field are detected.
- a folding over of the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei, in which an electromagnetic field is emitted, can be particularly advantageous by means of a receiving coil in the form of a through the
- the receiving coil can also be realized by the high frequency coil of the second device for generating the second magnetic field.
- the resonance of the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei becomes noticeable in that a folding of the nuclear spins, followed by an emission of an electromagnetic field, in the coil, a voltage (equivalent: a
- Measuring device is the first magnetic field generated by the first device of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor substantially parallel to a second side of the housing of the meter and the magnetic field generated by the second device is aligned substantially perpendicular to the first magnetic field.
- the second housing side is in particular a substantially planar outer wall of the housing, which limits the measuring device to its surroundings.
- the second side of the housing faces the workpiece to be examined when the measuring device is used.
- the second side of the housing is the input device and / or the Output device receiving the first side of the housing opposite the device and is thus facing away from an operator when using the meter.
- the orientation of the first magnetic field can be generated by at least two permanent magnet poles (north, south) of a permanent magnet, in particular if the poles are in a north-south orientation parallel to and in the vicinity of the second housing side.
- This arrangement can be realized in particular structurally simple by using a horseshoe magnet.
- the first magnetic field used for aligning the nuclear spins of the atomic nuclei present in the material sample has in particular a magnetic field strength of more than 0.1 Tesla, preferably of more than 1.5 Tesla and particularly preferably of more than 5 Tesla.
- strong permanent magnets are suitable for generating this magnetic field, for example produced from ferrites or preferably as iron-cobalt-nickel alloy or particularly preferably as neodymium-iron-boron or samarium-cobalt alloy.
- the magnetic field alignment of the first magnetic field can be realized by at least two permanent magnets, which are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the second side of the meter anti-parallel, in particular within the housing, and in the vicinity of the second housing side.
- the magnetic field lines running from the north pole of the first permanent magnet to the south pole of the second permanent magnet can be considered to be substantially parallel to the second housing surface of the measuring device when the two permanent magnets are aligned at a distance from one another.
- substantially parallel is understood to mean that a first region exists in which the magnetic field lines describing the first magnetic field can be considered to be nearly parallel, In particular, in this first region the deviation of the magnetic field lines from a theoretical parallel is less than 20 degrees , advantageously less than 10 degrees, and more preferably less than 5 degrees.
- the second magnetic field which is substantially perpendicular to the first magnetic field and thus also to the second housing side, can be produced in a particularly advantageous embodiment with a coil and / or an antenna, in particular with a high-frequency coil.
- the coil is in particular in a plane parallel and in close proximity to the surface of the second side of the housing, preferably in the interior of the housing, alternatively also on the outside of the housing or in the housing wall arranged.
- the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field generated by the current-carrying coil run in the vicinity of the coil perpendicular to the coil plane.
- substantially perpendicular to the first magnetic field is meant that a second region exists in which the magnetic field lines describing the second magnetic field can be considered to be nearly perpendicular to the magnetic field lines of the first magnetic field the first and the second magnetic field from the vertical is less than 20 degrees, advantageously less than 10 degrees, and most preferably less than 5 degrees, particularly advantageously the first and second regions coincide.
- Permanent magnets i. in north-south / north-south sequence, wherein between these two permanent magnets, a high frequency coil is located, the winding plane is collinear to the extension direction of the permanent magnets and parallel to the second side of the housing.
- the described arrangement is also positioned in proximity to the second side of the housing.
- the region in which the two magnetic fields overlap is at least partially outside the housing of the measuring device, so that an engagement of the magnetic fields in the workpiece to be examined is possible.
- the first magnetic field generated by the first device of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor is substantially perpendicular to a second side of the housing of the measuring device and that by the second Device generated second magnetic field aligned substantially perpendicular to the first magnetic field.
- the first device for generating the first magnetic field and / or the second device for generating the second magnetic field are at least partially surrounded by at least one magnetic shield.
- This magnetic shielding which may consist in particular of ferromagnetic materials and / or mu-metal and / or electrically conductive elements, allows the influencing of the course of the magnetic field lines and thus an optimization of the area in which the magnetic fields are superimposed.
- the latter means, in particular, a reduction or enlargement of the superimposition area and / or a homogenization of the magnetic fields and / or parallelization of the magnetic field lines and / or any other influencing of the magnetic field gradients of both magnetic fields.
- Mu metal also: ⁇ metal
- ⁇ metal a soft magnetic alloy of high magnetic permeability, which is suitable for shielding magnetic fields.
- this magnetic shielding can also be used to at least partially shield the magnetic fields used by the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor against other interfering influences, in particular electromagnetic radiation, and / or to shield components of the mobile measuring instrument itself at least partially from electromagnetic radiation of the internal nuclear magnetic resonance sensor.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor has at least one device for homogenizing the magnetic fields generated by the first and / or second device.
- Homogenization of a magnetic field should in particular be understood to mean that the magnetic field lines describing the magnetic field and its magnetic field local magnetic field strength only small, ideally not subject to variations and in particular has no field distortions.
- a coil can be understood by this device, also called a shim coil, with the aid of which correction fields are generated which superimpose the magnetic fields generated by the first and the second device and, if suitably controlled, homogenize and / or influence to the desired extent.
- the second device of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor for generating the second magnetic field in particular the radio-frequency coil, is realized in a non-destructively non-destructive manner.
- the magnetic fields generated by the second device can be varied and adapted to the required operating conditions, in particular the material of the workpiece to be examined. Furthermore, it can be achieved that the region in which the first and the second magnetic field are superimposed is shifted in position and / or modified in terms of its geometry.
- the measuring device can have access to the second device of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor, in particular on the second side of the housing.
- the magnetic fields of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor define a first sensitive region of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor, in particular a layer-shaped region which extends substantially parallel and spaced from the second housing side outside the housing of the measuring device. This sensitive area lies in particular in the superposition field of the first and the second magnetic field.
- the sensitive region is ideally defined by a surface on which the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic field is constant and in particular has a defined amount.
- the surface is actually layered due to inaccurate, ie not discrete, frequencies.
- the sensitive region can consequently be curved along the magnetic field lines and / or inhomogeneous, in particular inhomogeneous with respect to its layer extent.
- the senor device can be operated such that the sensitive
- a measuring device can be realized in a simple manner in which material samples for measurement can be introduced.
- material samples can be introduced into the measuring device by means of a sample tube through an opening in the second housing side of the measuring device such that they come to lie centrally between the two permanent magnet poles spanning the first magnetic field and thus in the sensitive region of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor.
- Such a switching can be advantageous mechanically (for example, by shielding and / or repositioning of the first and / or the second device for generating the first or second magnetic field in the measuring device) or electronically (for example by changing the frequency in the high-frequency coil) can be realized.
- volume defined by the sensitive area i. the volume of the material of the workpiece which is examined in a measurement
- absolute values and, in particular, also volumetric variables, for example a concentration, a volume percent information or the like can be evaluated. That defined by the sensitive area
- Volume may advantageously be known by design and / or by an instrumental measurement.
- Can shift housing side of the meter outside the housing in particular mechanically and / or electronically, can be moved, advantageously by 1 cm, particularly advantageous by 2 cm, in particular to move 3 cm.
- the shift of the sensitive area can advantageously be achieved by modifying the magnetic fields, for example by changing their geometry and / or homogeneity by means of a coil (so-called shim coil) or a (movable) magnetic shield, particularly advantageously also by changing the frequency of the high-frequency coil. as well as by mechanical
- Method of nuclear magnetic resonance sensor can be achieved in the housing of the meter. Consequently, with constant positioning of the measuring device within the workpiece, the sensitive region can be displaced in such a way that a depth-resolved measurement can be realized in a simple and particularly economical manner.
- the second housing side of the measuring device faces the first housing side accommodating the input device and / or the output device and is in particular arranged at the rear of the device.
- the measuring device when positioned with the sensitive area toward a workpiece, in particular with the second housing side adjacent to the workpiece, can be operated via the input and / or output devices received on the first housing side of the measuring device or measurement results can be read.
- the evaluation device is designed to evaluate measurement signals supplied by the sensor device, and in particular to provide at least one amplitude and / or relaxation time of a measurement signal resulting from the excitation of nuclear spins in one Workpiece by the magnetic field of the second device to evaluate.
- the evaluation device is particularly advantageously designed for evaluating measurement signals supplied by the sensor device, at least one relative and / or absolute hydrocarbon content and / or binding states of chemical compounds and / or concentration gradients of a material into the workpiece and / or time-dynamic processes of chemical compounds and / or to evaluate a relative and / or absolute moisture content and / or other structurally relevant parameters, in particular salinity, composition, density and / or porosity of the material of the workpiece, in particular to evaluate them in a depth-resolved manner.
- the mobile measuring device can thus be used to comprehensively characterize a workpiece with regard to material characteristics, in particular material inclusions and / or objects and / or material inhomogeneities.
- Statements about the relative and / or absolute hydrocarbon content and concentration gradients in the workpiece allow a reliable evaluation of a workpiece, in particular with regard to processability (machinability, drillability), strength, loadability as well as structurally different materials (inclusions) and the like.
- Statements on the bonding states of the enclosed material also allow to determine which shape, in particular which material of material inclusion it is. For example, inclusions such as metals, wood and plastics can advantageously be detected and distinguished in this way. Furthermore, statements may be included
- the meter can also be used to comprehensively characterize a workpiece in terms of moisture. Statements about the relative and / or absolute moisture content as well as a moisture gradient into the workpiece allow reliable evaluation of a workpiece, in particular with regard to processability, dryness, risk of mold, strength and / or load capacity. Evaluation of temporal-dynamic processes of the moisture-forming water also allow the study of processes such as migration, convection and migration of water, especially water fronts in the material, resulting in conclusions on a possible drying or fürnässungs and / or on a drying result to derive.
- a position-determining device for detecting at least one instantaneous position and / or orientation of the measuring device, in particular with respect to the workpiece.
- the position-determining device may in particular comprise one or more sensors from a group of sensors, which comprises at least inclination, angle, distance, translation, acceleration and rotational rate-sensitive sensors.
- a position determination can also be realized with other means that appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art.
- the position-determining device can be realized using rolling elements, in particular using wheels arranged on the housing of the measuring device, which receive the change in position relative to the workpiece during the movement of the measuring device. Since the distance between measuring device and workpiece should preferably be minimized to increase the penetration depth of the magnetic fields into the workpiece, the position-determining device can also be provided as optical displacement transducer, which is arranged in the housing side facing the workpiece to be examined when the measuring device is used ,
- the evaluation device for evaluating measurement signals supplied by the sensor device is designed to evaluate measurement signals of the sensor device as a function of the position and / or orientation of the measuring device, in particular with respect to the workpiece.
- Position of the measuring device on the workpiece can be correlated. Furthermore, by successive measurement of a workpiece, multidimensional matrices or maps in which measurement specifications for positions and / or orientations of the measuring device, in particular with respect to the workpiece, are recorded can be created and / or evaluated. This can be particularly advantageous for
- Generation of a representation of the evaluated measurement signals can be used in the form of a map of the workpiece.
- the evaluation device is particularly suitable for evaluating measurement signals supplied by the sensor device advantageously designed to perform a detection of material inclusions based on the position and / or orientation of the measuring device, in particular with respect to the workpiece, relatively changing measuring signals of the sensor device.
- the relative or comparative measurement in which the measuring device can preferably be moved quickly over a wall, allows locating a material inclusion only on the basis of position-dependent fluctuations of the measurement signals supplied by the sensor device.
- the measuring device moves over the workpiece, material inclusions hidden in the workpiece lead to clear, position-dependent signal changes, which clearly stand out in comparison to an otherwise relatively constant background signal of the rest of the workpiece.
- the material, extent and / or depth of the object found can also be determined. Particularly advantageous is a won in this way
- Output information as a two-, three-, or pseudo-four-dimensional map (e.g., object traces, depth profiles, depth slices, etc.). Furthermore, a correlation of the results obtained by means of the comparison measurement with other measurement results can take place.
- At least one storage device is provided for storing measurement results and / or operating parameters.
- This memory device may comprise all forms of external and internal electronic, in particular digital, memories, in particular memory chips such as USB sticks, memory sticks, memory cards, etc.
- control device and / or the evaluation device of the measuring device a Data communication interface to, in particular wireless, communication, by means of which the measuring device can send and / or receive measurement results and / or working parameters.
- the data communication interface uses a standardized
- the data communication interface comprises a wireless interface, in particular, for example, a WLAN, Bluetooth, infrared, NFC, RFLD interface or another wireless interface which appears expedient to a person skilled in the art.
- a wireless interface in particular, for example, a WLAN, Bluetooth, infrared, NFC, RFLD interface or another wireless interface which appears expedient to a person skilled in the art.
- Data communication interface also have a wired adapter, such as a USB or micro USB adapter.
- measurement results and / or working parameters can be sent from the measuring device to an external data device, for example to a smartphone, a tablet PC, a PC, a printer or other external devices deemed appropriate by a person skilled in the art or received by them.
- an external data device for example to a smartphone, a tablet PC, a PC, a printer or other external devices deemed appropriate by a person skilled in the art or received by them.
- a transfer of data can advantageously be made possible, which can be used for a further evaluation of measurement signals detected by the measuring device.
- various additional functions can advantageously be enabled and integrated, which in particular also require direct communication with smartphones (in particular via programmed apps) or similar portable data devices. These can include, for example, automatic mapping functions, firmware updates, data postprocessing, data preparation, data synchronization with other devices, etc.
- control device of the measuring device has an operating mode in which information about a workpiece
- User inputs can be specified and / or provided to the meter.
- an information processing, an information output or an information input is to be designated, in whose In connection with the control device applies an operating program, control routines, control routines, evaluation routines and / or calculation routines.
- Information about a workpiece may relate, for example, to the material of the workpiece, its physical or chemical properties, and any other specifications that appear appropriate to a person skilled in the art.
- control device of the measuring device has an operating mode in which
- Output parameters of the output device can be specified and / or provided to the measuring device.
- Output parameters are to be understood as meaning all specifications relating to the output, in particular parameters of interest to the user,
- Output forms e.g., number, graph, map, converted equivalent quantities
- conversion possibilities e.g., error indications, correction factors, etc.
- the sensor device has at least one further sensor from a group of
- Sensors which comprises at least induction, capacitance, ultrasonic, temperature, radiation, inclination, angle, magnetic field, acceleration, rotational rate and moisture sensitive sensors.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor can be expanded particularly advantageously with induction- and / or capacitance-sensitive sensors.
- the signals of the further sensors are also evaluated by the evaluation device for evaluating supplied from the sensor device measurement signals.
- the evaluation results of the various sensors can advantageously be correlated with one another; in particular, measured values obtained by means of the further sensors can be used to correct and / or optimize and / or calibrate the measurement results determined by the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor.
- an output of the further measurement results may take place as a supplementary measured value and / or complementary value by means of the output device.
- the invention also provides a method for operating a measuring device, in particular a method for detecting and / or distinguishing and / or analyzing a material characteristic of a workpiece, in particular a material characteristic in a workpiece, which is characterized by at least the following steps:
- Detection of at least one amplitude and / or a relaxation time of a measurement signal resulting from the excitation of nuclear spins in the workpiece in particular by means of an induced in a receiving coil electrical current and / or an induced voltage
- FIG. 1 perspective view of a Ausgestaltu
- FIG. 2 shows a view of the first housing side of an embodiment of the invention
- Figure 3 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of
- FIG. 4 a shows a schematic and simplified illustration of an embodiment of the components forming the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor and of the magnetic fields generated therewith
- FIG. 5 perspective view of the second side of a housing
- Figure 1 and Figure 2 show two views of an exemplary embodiment of the hand-held measuring device 10 according to the invention in a perspective view or in a simplified, schematic plan view.
- the exemplified hand-held measuring device 10 has a housing 12, an input device in the form of actuating elements 14, suitable for switching the hand-held measuring device on and off, for starting and configuring a measuring process and for entering operating parameters, as well as a
- Output device for output of operating parameters and / or evaluation results in the form of a display 16.
- the hand-held measuring device 10 has a handle 18 for transporting and guiding thereof.
- the handle 18, the actuating elements 14 and the display 16 are located on a first housing side 20 of the measuring device 10 (also "front"), which is typically used when operating the measuring device facing the user.
- the device For supplying energy to the hand-held measuring device 10, the device has a second housing side 40 (hereinafter also referred to as the rear side of the measuring device) on the rear side of the housing 20 opposite the first housing side 20
- Recess on which is preferably suitable for receiving power supply independent energy storage 22, in particular batteries or rechargeable batteries.
- the device presented by way of example has lithium-ion batteries whose high energy and power density is advantageously suitable for supplying power to the measuring device.
- the lithium-ion batteries whose high energy and power density is advantageously suitable for supplying power to the measuring device.
- Energy storage 22 may be housed in the handle 18 of the measuring device 10.
- the device for power supply to a releasable positive connection and / or traction connection interface so that the energy storage 22 (in general, more) detachable and interchangeable can be arranged.
- the energy storage 22 in and / or outside of the meter can be supplied with power from a power grid and charge.
- the position-determining device of the hand-held measuring device comprises in the exemplary embodiment four wheels 24, by means of which the hand-held measuring device 10 is moved along the surface 44 of a workpiece 42 can be moved (see Fig. 3). Sensors that are sensitive to rotation of the wheels 24 detect movement of the measuring device 10 and thus allow measurement results related to a position of the measuring device, in particular with respect to the workpiece 42 to set.
- the position-determining device instead of the wheels, for example, have an optical displacement sensor.
- additional sensors in particular inclination, angle, translation, acceleration and rotational rate sensitive sensors, may also be present.
- the position change of the hand-held measuring device is determined as a result of a method of the device on the workpiece.
- These position data are forwarded to an evaluation device 30 for further evaluation.
- a support member 26 in particular a system board or circuit board within the housing 12, are further components of the measuring device, in particular a sensor device 32 with a nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 ', a control device 28 for controlling the sensor device 32, an evaluation device 30 for the evaluation of the Sensor device 32 supplied measurement signals, as well as a connected to the control and / or evaluation device data communication interface 54 housed (see in particular Figure 2).
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 ' which is explained in detail in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b, is provided for exciting a nuclear magnetic resonance in atomic nuclei of the material of the workpiece 42.
- the measured resonance signal is used in the workpiece 42, at least for the nondestructive detection and / or analysis and / or differentiation of a material characteristic, in particular material inclusions 60, 60 ', 60 ", ie for the determination of information which, inter alia, a relative and / or or absolute hydrocarbon content and / or binding states of chemical compounds and / or concentration gradients of a material into the workpiece and / or time-dynamic processes of chemical compounds and / or a relative and / or absolute moisture content and / or other structurally relevant parameters, in particular salinity, composition and / or porosity of the material of the workpiece.
- the control device 28 has control electronics comprising means for communication with the other components of the measuring device, for example means for controlling and regulating the sensor device 32 and the measuring device.
- the control device 28 comprises a unit with a processor unit, a memory unit and an operating program stored in the memory unit.
- the control device 28 is provided to at least one operating function parameter of the measuring device as a function of at least one input by the user, by the
- Evaluation device and / or set by the data communication interface.
- Measuring signals of further sensor devices of the hand-held measuring device 10 in particular has an information input, an information processing and an information output.
- the evaluation device 30 is at least a processor, a memory with an operating program stored and executable thereon, and allows at least one measurement signal of the
- the evaluation results are sent by the evaluation device 30 for further use via the control device 28 either directly to a user of the Meter 10 or for sending the data to the data communication interface 54 output.
- the measuring device 10 For measuring a nuclear magnetic resonance signal of a workpiece 42, in particular for the detection and / or analysis and / or differentiation of material inclusions 60, 60 ', 60 "in this workpiece, the measuring device 10 with its second housing side 40, ie the back of the device, flat in the immediate vicinity of the workpiece 42, in particular in contact with the surface 44, positioned.
- the magnetic fields generated by the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 '34.36 penetrate through the second side of the housing 40 from the meter 10 and into the workpiece 42, wherein the sensitive area
- This measurement signal in particular its amplitude and relaxation times, is forwarded to the evaluation device 30, from which it is evaluated and processed by means of evaluation routines and forwarded to an output device 16.
- the evaluated measurement result is displayed to the user on the display 16 and can alternatively be sent via the data communication interface 54 to another data processing device.
- the output on the display 16 may be graphically, numerically and / or alphanumerically, for example in the form of a measured value, a measurement curve, a waveform, a time course, as image data or in a
- a display is possible by means of a signal display, in particular, for example, a light-emitting diode which evaluates a target variable, for example via color coding (for example red, yellow, green).
- a target variable for example via color coding (for example red, yellow, green).
- the positioning of the measuring device 10, in particular the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 'contained in the immediate vicinity of the workpiece surface 44 allows the detection and / or analysis and / or discrimination of material inclusions 60, 60', 60 "to a material depth of a few centimeters in the Workpiece 42 into it.
- FIG. 3 shows the embodiment according to the invention of the hand-held measuring device 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2 in a simplified schematic side view.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 comprises two devices for generating magnetic fields, in particular a permanent magnet arrangement 4a, 4b), which generates a first magnetic field 34, and a high-frequency coil 48 (see FIG. 4a), which generates a second magnetic field 36.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 ' is configured such that the first magnetic field 34 is aligned substantially parallel to the second housing side 40, while the second magnetic field 36 is substantially perpendicular to the second magnetic field
- Magnetic field lines of the first magnetic field 34 is aligned.
- the two magnetic fields are superimposed in an extended area, in which, in particular, the sensitive area 38 of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 'is also located as a layered area in particular.
- the hand-held measuring device 10 is positioned with the second housing side 40 in close proximity to a workpiece 42 to be examined so that the distance between the second housing side 40 and the workpiece surface 44 is minimized. In this way, it is achieved that the magnetic fields 34, 36 penetrate into the workpiece and the sensitive area 38 comes to lie in the workpiece 42.
- the second magnetic field generated by the second device ie, in particular by varying the high-frequency coil 48 and / or varying the frequency and / or variation of the current and / or variation of the voltage in the high-frequency coil, it is possible to determine the sensitive area 38 to change in its distance from the second side of the housing 40 and thus to modify the distance of the sensitive area 38 in the workpiece to the workpiece surface 44.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 'in the housing 12 of the hand-held device 10 can be repositioned such that the distance of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32' to the second housing side 40 is changed and consequently the distance of the sensitive area 38 in the workpiece 42 its workpiece surface 44.
- FIG. 4 a shows the components of an embodiment of the invention in a simplified and schematic representation Nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 'shown.
- Two permanent magnets 46, 46 ' which are arranged perpendicular to the second housing side 40 and antiparallel to one another, generate a first, in particular static, magnetic field 34, which runs essentially parallel to the surface of the second housing side 40. This is used to align the nuclear spins of those present in the material sample
- Atomic nuclei provided first magnetic field, for example, in particular a magnetic field strength of 0.5 Tesla, wherein the permanent magnets are made of a neodymium-iron-boron alloy.
- the second device for generating the second magnetic field is formed by a high frequency coil 48 in this embodiment. As soon as current flows through this coil, an electromagnetic field, in particular the second magnetic field 36, is induced.
- the two magnetic fields overlap in a region which lies substantially outside the housing 12 of the measuring device 10.
- the sensitive region 38 of the magnetic resonance sensor 32 ' is also located in the superposition field of the magnetic fields 34 and 36.
- the sensitive region is ideally defined by an area the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic field 34 is constant and in particular has a defined amount. In reality, the surface is actually layered due to inaccurate frequencies. Because the
- Magnetic field lines 34 do not run exactly parallel to the second side of the housing 40, thus the sensitive area 38 is thus curved according to the magnetic field lines.
- the curvature and shape of the first magnetic field 34 and thus of the sensitive region 38 can be determined using further means, for example a shim coil 56 and a magnetic coil
- Shield 58 influenced and in particular homogenized.
- FIG. 4b shows the components of an alternative embodiment of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 'according to the invention in a simplified and schematic representation. This is the first
- an electromagnetic field in particular the second magnetic field 36
- the two magnetic fields overlap in a region which lies substantially outside the housing 12 of the measuring device 10.
- the sensitive region 38 of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 ' is also located in the superposition field of the magnetic fields 34 and
- the sensitive region is ideally defined by a surface on which the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic field 34 is constant and in particular has a defined amount. In reality, the area is not exact due to
- the sensitive region 38 is therefore also curved in accordance with the magnetic field lines.
- the curvature and shape of the first magnetic field 34 and thus of the sensitive area 38 can be influenced and in particular homogenized using further means, for example a shim coil 56 and a magnetic shield 58.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective, simplified representation of a plan view of the second housing side 40, i. the back of the hand-held meter 10, shown.
- the receptacle of the energy storage device 22, in particular a battery or a rechargeable battery under a housing flap (dashed) are directly accessible.
- a second housing flap 52 shown open in the figure, allows access to the radio-frequency coil 48.
- radio-frequency coil 48 detachable, ie in particular non-destructively separable executed.
- radio-frequency coil 48 detachable, ie in particular non-destructively separable executed.
- radio-frequency coil 48 with radio-frequency coils having a different characteristic, that is to say in particular with regard to their number of turns, type of winding, geometry and wire thickness.
- This possibility of variation of the radio-frequency coil 48 advantageously allows to modify the second magnetic field generated by the high-frequency coil 48 and in particular to adapt and to optimize the conditions of the workpiece material.
- the other components of the nuclear magnetic resonance sensor 32 'of Figure 4a are not shown.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014218371.5A DE102014218371A1 (de) | 2014-09-12 | 2014-09-12 | Handmessgerät und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
PCT/EP2015/067368 WO2016037759A1 (de) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-07-29 | Handmessgerät mit einem nmr-sensor, sowie verfahren zu dessen betrieb |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3191821A1 true EP3191821A1 (de) | 2017-07-19 |
Family
ID=53783693
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15747413.1A Withdrawn EP3191821A1 (de) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-07-29 | Handmessgerät mit einem nmr-sensor, sowie verfahren zu dessen betrieb |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170261443A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3191821A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN106796189A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102014218371A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016037759A1 (de) |
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DE102015226151A1 (de) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verwendung eines Messgeräts zur Untersuchung eines Zahns oder Gebisses |
DE102015226168A1 (de) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verwendung eines Messgeräts zur Untersuchung von Bestandteilen eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers |
DE102015226179A1 (de) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verwendung eines Messgeräts zur Untersuchung von Kraftstoff, Öl und/oder Hydraulikflüssigkeit |
DE102015226160A1 (de) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verwendung eines Messgeräts zur Untersuchung von Lebensmitteln |
DE102017210700A1 (de) * | 2017-06-26 | 2018-12-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum automatisierten Quantifizieren eines Analyten sowie NMR-Messgerät zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
EP3865890B1 (de) * | 2020-02-13 | 2023-05-24 | Siemens Healthcare GmbH | Magnetresonanztomograph mit b0-modulation und verfahren zum betrieb |
DE102020205145A1 (de) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-28 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Materialinformation |
Family Cites Families (12)
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US6489872B1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2002-12-03 | New Mexico Resonance | Unilateral magnet having a remote uniform field region for nuclear magnetic resonance |
EP1269221B1 (de) * | 2000-02-29 | 2006-04-26 | Concretec Ltd. | Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur zerstörungsfreien steuerung und vorhersage der beton-belastungsfähigkeit |
US6977503B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2005-12-20 | Quantum Magnetics, Inc. | System and method for single-sided magnetic resonance imaging |
GB2404026B (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2005-09-21 | Rolls Royce Plc | Method for filtering spurious resonances from an NMR dataset |
DE102004007315A1 (de) * | 2004-02-14 | 2005-08-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Nahbereichsradar mit Mehrfachsensorik zur Ortung von in einem Medium eingeschlossenen Objekten |
DE102005062874A1 (de) | 2005-12-29 | 2007-07-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Senden und/oder Empfangen elektromagnetischer HF-Signale |
US8317058B2 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2012-11-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Bicyclists' water bottle with bottom drinking valve |
DE102008043282A1 (de) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-05-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ortungsvorrichtung |
US9575147B2 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2017-02-21 | Morpho Detection, Llc | Nuclear quadrupole resonance system and method of using the same to remove interference components from sensor signals |
US9429673B2 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2016-08-30 | Vista Clara Inc. | Surface-based NMR measurement |
CN203870268U (zh) * | 2014-05-31 | 2014-10-08 | 吉林大学 | 手持式核磁共振与瞬变电磁联用仪野外定点装置 |
CN204445887U (zh) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-07-08 | 王瑞剑 | 便携式核磁共振仪 |
-
2014
- 2014-09-12 DE DE102014218371.5A patent/DE102014218371A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-07-29 EP EP15747413.1A patent/EP3191821A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-29 CN CN201580048784.8A patent/CN106796189A/zh active Pending
- 2015-07-29 US US15/506,287 patent/US20170261443A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-07-29 WO PCT/EP2015/067368 patent/WO2016037759A1/de active Application Filing
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None * |
See also references of WO2016037759A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20170261443A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
DE102014218371A1 (de) | 2016-03-17 |
CN106796189A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
WO2016037759A1 (de) | 2016-03-17 |
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