EP3187799A1 - Refrigeration and/or freezer device - Google Patents

Refrigeration and/or freezer device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3187799A1
EP3187799A1 EP16205698.0A EP16205698A EP3187799A1 EP 3187799 A1 EP3187799 A1 EP 3187799A1 EP 16205698 A EP16205698 A EP 16205698A EP 3187799 A1 EP3187799 A1 EP 3187799A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigeration
cooling
refrigerator
unit
refrigeration unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16205698.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3187799B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Ertel
Matthias Heckenberger
David Weiss
Matthias Wiest
Michael Schick
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Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
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Liebherr Hausgeraete Ochsenhausen GmbH
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Publication of EP3187799A1 publication Critical patent/EP3187799A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
    • F25B2400/061—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel the capacity of the first system being different from the second
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one body and with at least one refrigerated interior located in the body and with at least one refrigeration unit for generating the cooling capacity, which is required forharing the cooled interior.
  • Compressors with speed control are known from the prior art, by means of which the cooling capacity can be regulated or adjusted in a certain range.
  • the minimum and maximum cooling capacities differ by a factor of about four. Freezers with such a compressor is still not ideal design possible.
  • the present invention is therefore the object of developing a refrigerator and / or freezer of the type mentioned in such a way that a particularly efficient refrigeration in a wide power range is possible.
  • the refrigeration unit has two or more than two refrigeration units, which provide a different cooling capacity in at least one operating state and / or which are operable so that they are individually or jointly in operation.
  • the cooling capacity is ideally adapted to the respective requirements in order to ensure optimum conditions.
  • the inventive design of the refrigeration unit is a very efficient and quiet operation at times with low load of the refrigeration cycle possible. If there is an increase in the load, for example, when goods are stored, the refrigeration unit according to the invention can provide the necessary, higher cooling capacity.
  • the refrigeration units are formed by one or more compressors, Peltier elements and by electrocaloric and magnetocalorically operating units or include these.
  • the refrigeration units are formed by one or more compressors, Peltier elements and by electrocaloric and magnetocalorically operating units or include these.
  • a combination of the aforementioned elements is possible and encompassed by the invention.
  • the refrigeration units are two compressors having different capacities.
  • the two compressors can be operated alternately or cumulatively.
  • the refrigeration units are a compressor and a Peltier element.
  • the Peltier element may serve to cover the base load of the device and the peak load may be provided by the compressor.
  • the Peltier element and the compressor can be operating alternately or cumulatively.
  • the cooling by a Peltier element is preferably such that it runs in continuous operation and possibly a proportional power adjustment having.
  • the control unit is thus preferably designed such that it operates the Peltier element in continuous operation.
  • control or regulating means which operate the refrigeration units in dependence on the operating mode of the device.
  • a refrigeration unit to cover the base load may be provided or in each case a refrigeration unit to cover the base load of each compartment of a refrigerator or freezer with multiple compartments.
  • Another refrigeration unit with comparatively high power can be provided for faster cooling. Their interpretation depends on the size of the device or on the expected cooling load due to stored goods.
  • the device may comprise at least one temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the cooled interior, wherein a control or regulating unit is provided, which is designed to be in a Temperature above a switch-on brings about a change to a high-performance chiller or activated this and at a temperature below a switch-off initiates a change to a refrigeration unit with lower power in the way or activates such a refrigeration unit.
  • a control or regulating unit is provided, which is designed to be in a Temperature above a switch-on brings about a change to a high-performance chiller or activated this and at a temperature below a switch-off initiates a change to a refrigeration unit with lower power in the way or activates such a refrigeration unit.
  • a cold generator with relatively low power in operation for example, a PI / PID control based on the internal temperature, the target temperature or the outside temperature can be done.
  • the device has at least one sensor for the direct or indirect detection of warm objects and / or for the direct or indirect detection of a heat input in the cooled interior.
  • This sensor can be designed for example as a door sensor. If the door is opened, the sensor reports this to a control or regulating unit and it is assumed that goods are inserted or warm air enters the device. In this case, switching to a high-performance chiller or activating its operation.
  • an immediate detection of warm objects for example by an infrared sensor is conceivable. If warm objects are detected, it is possible to switch to a cold generator with a higher output or such a cold generator can be activated.
  • the control of the refrigeration units can be done by a central control unit.
  • the device has display means which indicate to the user which refrigeration unit is in operation.
  • the refrigerator or freezer on a heat insulation of the body which may be performed for example as a full vacuum insulation.
  • This consists of a core material angoerdnet in a vacuum-tight film. Within the area enclosed by the film there is a vacuum.
  • a cold distribution can be done for example by banksleitbleche, evaporator or heat pipes.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the PCM that is, the latent heat storage means may be arranged on the inside of the inner container or on the foam side.
  • the exemplary embodiment relates to a refrigerator or freezer, which has, on the one hand, one or more Peltier elements as refrigeration units and, on the other hand, one or more compressors.
  • the heat insulation of the door and the body is carried out by a full vacuum insulation, that is, by an insulation, which consists only of a core material, which is housed in a vacuum-tight film, within which there is a vacuum.
  • the Peltier element continues to run, the additional cooling capacity is provided by the compressor, that is through the refrigerant circuit.
  • the heat is extracted by means of an evaporator, which forms part of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the multiple refrigeration units may have different powers or even the same power. In the latter case it is possible To provide different levels of performance in that one or more of the refrigeration units is activated depending on the refrigeration demand.
  • the temperature in the cooled interior is measured by means of a temperature sensor and that is switched at an actual temperature above a switch on a high output chiller and switched off at a temperature below a switch off this chiller with high power and is switched to a cooler with lower power.
  • This cooler with lower power can be operated permanently or only in case the actual temperature is below the switch-off value.

Abstract

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit wenigstens einem Korpus und mit wenigstens einem in dem Korpus befindlichen gekühlten Innenraum sowie mit wenigstens einem Kälteaggregat zur Erzeugung der Kälteleistung, wobei das Kälteaggregat zwei oder mehr als zwei Kälteerzeugungseinheiten aufweist, die in wenigstens einem Betriebszustand eine unterschiedliche Kälteleistung bereitstellen und/oder die derart betreibbar sind, dass diese einzeln oder kumulativ in Betrieb sind.The present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one body and with at least one refrigerated interior located in the body and with at least one refrigeration unit for generating the cooling capacity, wherein the refrigeration unit comprises two or more than two refrigeration units, which in at least one Operating state provide a different cooling capacity and / or which are operable so that they are individually or cumulatively in operation.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit wenigstens einem Korpus und mit wenigstens einem in dem Korpus befindlichen gekühlten Innenraum sowie mit wenigstens einem Kälteaggregat zur Erzeugung der Kälteleistung, die zur Kühlng des gekühlten Innenraums benötigt wird.The present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one body and with at least one refrigerated interior located in the body and with at least one refrigeration unit for generating the cooling capacity, which is required for Kühlng the cooled interior.

Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, zur Bereitstellung der erforderlichen Kälteleistung einen Kältemittelkreislauf mit einem Kompressor einzusetzen, der beispielsweise bei fester Drehzahl und in Abhängigkeit von der gemessenen Temperatur in dem gekühlten Innenraum betrieben wird. Je nachdem, ob der Temperatur Istwert in einem Sollwertbereich liegt, wird der Kompressor ein- oder ausgeschaltet. Um größere Lastbereiche abdecken zu können, ist der Kompressor für den Grundbetrieb überdimensioniert.From the prior art, it is known to provide a refrigerant circuit with a compressor to provide the required cooling capacity, which is operated for example at a fixed speed and in dependence on the measured temperature in the cooled interior. Depending on whether the temperature actual value is within a setpoint range, the compressor is switched on or off. To cover larger load ranges, the compressor is oversized for basic operation.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind des Weiteren Kompressoren mit Drehzahlregelung bekannt, mittels derer die Kälteleistung in einem bestimmten Bereich geregelt bzw. eingestellt werden kann. Die minimale und die maximale Kälteleistung unterscheiden sich in etwa um den Faktor 4. Bei den meisten Kühl-bzw. Gefriergeräten ist mit einem solchen Kompressor noch keine ideale Auslegung möglich.Compressors with speed control are known from the prior art, by means of which the cooling capacity can be regulated or adjusted in a certain range. The minimum and maximum cooling capacities differ by a factor of about four. Freezers with such a compressor is still not ideal design possible.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass eine besonders effiziente Kälteerzeugung in einem weiten Leistungsbereich möglich ist.The present invention is therefore the object of developing a refrigerator and / or freezer of the type mentioned in such a way that a particularly efficient refrigeration in a wide power range is possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Danach ist vorgesehen, dass das Kälteaggregat zwei oder mehr als zwei Kälteerzeugungseinheiten aufweist, die in wenigstens einem Betriebszustand eine unterschiedliche Kälteleistung bereitstellen und/oder die derart betreibbar sind, dass diese einzeln oder gemeinsam in Betrieb sind.This object is achieved by a refrigerator and / or freezer with the features of claim 1. Thereafter, it is provided that the refrigeration unit has two or more than two refrigeration units, which provide a different cooling capacity in at least one operating state and / or which are operable so that they are individually or jointly in operation.

Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, eine effiziente Erzeugung von kleinen und von großen Kälteleistungen zu realisieren.In this way, it is possible to realize efficient production of small and large refrigerating capacities.

Die Kälteleistung ist an die jeweiligen Erfordernisse ideal angepasst, um optimale Lagebedingungen zu gewährleisten.The cooling capacity is ideally adapted to the respective requirements in order to ensure optimum conditions.

Aufgrund der immer besser werdenden Isolierung von Kühl- bzw. Gefriergeräten sinkt der Leistungsbedarf bei geschlossenem Verschlusselement, das heißt bei verschlossener Türe oder Klappe immer weiter. In diesem Fall ist somit eine vergleichsweise geringe Kälteleistung erforderlich. Bei der Einlagerung von Ware oder bei der Öffnung des Verschlusselementes ist jedoch immer ein großer Leistungsbedarf vorhanden, der durch das Kälteaggregat bereitgestellt werden muss.Due to the ever-improving insulation of refrigerators and freezers, the power requirement drops when the closure element is closed, that is, when the door or flap is closed, it continues to move. In this case, therefore, a comparatively low cooling capacity is required. When storing goods or when opening the closure element, however, there is always a large power requirement that must be provided by the refrigeration unit.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Kälteaggregats ist ein sehr effizienter und auch geräuscharmer Betrieb zu Zeiten mit geringer Belastung des Kältekreislaufes möglich. Kommt es zu einer Erhöhung der Last, beispielsweise wenn Ware eingelagert wird, kann das erfindungsgemäße Kälteaggregat die notwendige, höhere Kälteleistung bereitstellen.The inventive design of the refrigeration unit is a very efficient and quiet operation at times with low load of the refrigeration cycle possible. If there is an increase in the load, for example, when goods are stored, the refrigeration unit according to the invention can provide the necessary, higher cooling capacity.

Dies kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass mittels einer Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinheit von einer Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise geringer Leistung umgeschaltet wird auf eine Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit größerer Leistung. Auch ist es denkbar, in diesem Fall eine weitere Kälteerzeugungseinheit hinzuzuschalten, um insgesamt eine größere Kälteleistung bereitstellen zu können. In diesem Falle werden die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten gemeinsam betrieben.This can be done, for example, by switching over from a refrigeration unit with comparatively low power to a refrigeration unit with greater power by means of a control or regulation unit. It is also conceivable to add a further cooling unit in this case in order to be able to provide a greater overall cooling capacity. In this case, the refrigeration units are operated together.

Denkbar ist es, dass die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten durch einen oder mehrere Kompressoren, Peltierelemente sowie durch elektrokalorisch und magnetokalorisch arbeitende Einheiten gebildet werden bzw. diese umfassen. Auch eine Kombination der vorgenannten Elemente ist möglich und von der Erfindung umfasst.It is conceivable that the refrigeration units are formed by one or more compressors, Peltier elements and by electrocaloric and magnetocalorically operating units or include these. A combination of the aforementioned elements is possible and encompassed by the invention.

So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, dass die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten zwei Kompressoren sind, die unterschiedliche Leistungen aufweisen. Die beiden Kompressoren können alternierend oder auch kumulativ betrieben werden.Thus, it is conceivable, for example, that the refrigeration units are two compressors having different capacities. The two compressors can be operated alternately or cumulatively.

Auch ist es denkbar, dass die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten ein Kompressor und ein Peltierelement sind. So kann das Peltierelement beispielsweise zur Abdeckung der Grundlast des Gerätes dienen und die Spitzenlast kann durch den Kompressor bereitgestellt werden.It is also conceivable that the refrigeration units are a compressor and a Peltier element. For example, the Peltier element may serve to cover the base load of the device and the peak load may be provided by the compressor.

Auch der umgekehrte Fall, dass die Abdeckung der Grundlast des Gerätes durch einen Kompressor und die Spitzenlast durch ein Peltierelement bereitgestellt wird, ist denkbar und von der Erfindung mit umfasst.Also, the reverse case, that the cover of the base load of the device by a compressor and the peak load is provided by a Peltier element is conceivable and encompassed by the invention.

Das Peltierelement und der Kompressor können alternierend oder auch kumulativ in Betrieb sein.The Peltier element and the compressor can be operating alternately or cumulatively.

Die Kälteerzeugung durch ein Peltierelement erfolgt vorzugsweise derart, dass dieses im Dauerbetrieb läuft und ggf. eine proportionale Leistungsanpassung aufweist. Die Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinheit ist somit vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, dass diese das Peltierelement im Dauerbetrieb betreibt.The cooling by a Peltier element is preferably such that it runs in continuous operation and possibly a proportional power adjustment having. The control unit is thus preferably designed such that it operates the Peltier element in continuous operation.

Eine Kombination mit einer weiteren Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit anderer Leistung ist denkbar und von der Erfindung mit umfasst.A combination with another refrigeration unit with different performance is conceivable and encompassed by the invention.

An dieser Stelle wird darauf hingewiesen, dass der Begriff "ein" oder "eine" nicht dahingehend einschränkend auszulegen ist, dass genau eines der genannten Elemente vorhanden ist sondern auch mehrere Elemente mit umfasst.It should be noted at this point that the term "a" or "an" is not to be construed as limiting that exactly one of the named elements is present but also encompasses several elements.

Es können Steuerungs- oder Regelungsmittel vorgesehen sein, die die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten in Abhängigkeit vom Betriebsmodus des Gerätes betreiben.There may be provided control or regulating means which operate the refrigeration units in dependence on the operating mode of the device.

So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, zur Abdeckung der Grundlast eine oder mehrere Kälteerzeugungseinheiten zu betreiben. Diese können beispielsweise auf eine Raumtemperatur von 25° C ausgelegt werden. Somit kann beispielsweise eine Kälteerzeugungseinheit zur Abdeckung der Grundlast pro Gerät vorgesehen sein oder auch jeweils eine Kälteerzeugungseinheit zur Abdeckung der Grundlast eines jeden Kompartimentes eines Kühl- bzw. Gefriergerätes mit mehreren Kompartimenten.For example, it is conceivable to operate one or more refrigeration units to cover the base load. These can be designed, for example, to a room temperature of 25 ° C. Thus, for example, a refrigeration unit to cover the base load per device may be provided or in each case a refrigeration unit to cover the base load of each compartment of a refrigerator or freezer with multiple compartments.

Eine weitere Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise großer Leistung kann zur schnelleren Abkühlung vorgesehen sein. Deren Auslegung richtet sich nach der Gerätegröße bzw. nach der zu erwartenden Kühllast durch eingelagerte Ware.Another refrigeration unit with comparatively high power can be provided for faster cooling. Their interpretation depends on the size of the device or on the expected cooling load due to stored goods.

Es kann eine solche Kälteerzeugungseinheit zur schnellen Abkühlung pro Gerät oder auch pro Kompartiment des Gerätes vorgesehen sein.It can be provided such a refrigeration unit for rapid cooling per unit or per compartment of the device.

Das Gerät kann wenigstens einen Temperatursensor zur Messung der Temperatur in dem gekühlten Innenraum aufweisen, wobei eine Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinheit vorgesehen ist, die ausgebildet ist, dass diese bei einer Temperatur oberhalb eines Einschaltwertes einen Wechsel auf einen Kälteerzeuger mit hoher Leistung herbeiführt bzw. diesen aktiviert und bei einer Temperatur unterhalb eines Ausschaltwertes einen Wechsel auf eine Kälteerzeugseinheit mit kleinerer Leistung in die Wege leitet bzw. eine solche Kälteerzeugseinheit aktiviert.The device may comprise at least one temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the cooled interior, wherein a control or regulating unit is provided, which is designed to be in a Temperature above a switch-on brings about a change to a high-performance chiller or activated this and at a temperature below a switch-off initiates a change to a refrigeration unit with lower power in the way or activates such a refrigeration unit.

Ist ein Kälteerzeuger mit relativ kleiner Leistung in Betrieb, kann beispielsweise eine PI-/PID-Regelung auf Basis der Innentemperatur, der Zieltemperatur oder auch der Außentemperatur erfolgen.If a cold generator with relatively low power in operation, for example, a PI / PID control based on the internal temperature, the target temperature or the outside temperature can be done.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Gerät wenigstens einen Sensor zur unmittelbaren oder mittelbaren Erkennung warmer Objekte und/oder zur unmittelbaren oder mittelbaren Erkennung eines Wärmeeintrages in dem gekühlten Innenraum auf.In a further embodiment of the invention, the device has at least one sensor for the direct or indirect detection of warm objects and / or for the direct or indirect detection of a heat input in the cooled interior.

Dieser Sensor kann beispielsweise als Türsensor ausgeführt sein. Wird die Tür geöffnet, meldet der Sensor dies entsprechend an eine Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinheit und es wird davon ausgegangen, dass Ware eingelegt wird bzw. Warmluft in das Gerät eintritt. In diesem Fall wird auf einen Kälteerzeuger mit hoher Leistung umgeschaltet bzw. dessen Betrieb aktiviert.This sensor can be designed for example as a door sensor. If the door is opened, the sensor reports this to a control or regulating unit and it is assumed that goods are inserted or warm air enters the device. In this case, switching to a high-performance chiller or activating its operation.

Auch eine unmittelbare Erkennung warmer Objekte beispielsweise durch einen Infrarotsensor ist denkbar. Werden Warmobjekte erkannt, kann auf einen Kälteerzeuger mit höherer Leistung gewechselt werden bzw. ein solcher Kälteerzeuger kann aktiviert werden.Also, an immediate detection of warm objects, for example by an infrared sensor is conceivable. If warm objects are detected, it is possible to switch to a cold generator with a higher output or such a cold generator can be activated.

Die Ansteuerung der Kälteerzeugungseinheiten kann durch eine zentrale Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit erfolgen.The control of the refrigeration units can be done by a central control unit.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Gerät Anzeigemittel auf, die dem Nutzer anzeigen, welche Kälteerzeugungseinheit in Betrieb ist.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the device has display means which indicate to the user which refrigeration unit is in operation.

Weiter kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine manuelle Aktivierung einer Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise großer Leistung möglich ist. Der Nutzer kann diese aktivieren, wenn er warme Ware in den gekühlten Innenraum einlegt.Furthermore, it can be provided that a manual activation of a refrigeration unit with comparatively high power is possible. The user can activate this when he inserts warm goods in the cooled interior.

Dieser kann für eine freiwählbare Zeit in Betrieb sein oder auch bis zum Erreichen eines Ausschaltwertes.This can be in operation for a freely selectable time or even until reaching a switch-off value.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Kühl- bzw. Gefriergerät eine Wärmeisolierung des Korpus auf, die beispielsweise als Vollvakuumdämmung ausgeführt sein kann. Diese besteht aus einem Kernmaterial, dass in einer vakuumdichten Folie angoerdnet ist. Innerhalb des von der Folie umschlossenen Bereiches herrrscht Vakuum. Vorzugsweise ist außer dieser Wärmedämmung keine weitere Wärmedämmung zwischen der Außenseite des Gerätes und dem gekühlten Innenraum vorhanden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the refrigerator or freezer on a heat insulation of the body, which may be performed for example as a full vacuum insulation. This consists of a core material angoerdnet in a vacuum-tight film. Within the area enclosed by the film there is a vacuum. Preferably, there is no further thermal insulation between the outside of the device and the cooled interior except this thermal insulation.

Bei einer derartigen guten Wärmeisolation ist es möglich, die Grundlast durch eine Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise geringer Leistung bereitzustellen, wie beispielsweise durch ein Peltierelement, da der Wärmeeintrag durch die Wärmeisolation vergleichsweise gering ist.With such a good heat insulation, it is possible to provide the base load by a refrigeration unit with comparatively low power, such as a Peltier element, since the heat input through the heat insulation is comparatively low.

Bei Geräten mit mehreren Kompartimenten, die bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen betrieben werden, kann eine Kälteverteilung beispielsweise durch Wärmeleitbleche, Verdampfer oder Wärmerohre erfolgen.In devices with several compartments, which are operated at different temperatures, a cold distribution can be done for example by Wärmeleitbleche, evaporator or heat pipes.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass eine Kältespeicherung möglich ist bzw. dass Mittel vorgesehen sind, die zur Kältespeicherung dienen.In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that a cold storage is possible or that means are provided which serve for cold storage.

So ist beispielsweise der Einsatz von PCM (Phase Change Material) am Verdampfer, am Verflüssiger oder am Innenbehälter, der den gekühlten Innenraum begrenzt, möglich. Das PCM, das heißt das Latentwärmespeichermittel kann auf der Innenseite des Innenbehälters oder auch schaumseitig angeordnet sein.For example, the use of PCM (Phase Change Material) on the evaporator, the condenser or the inner container, which limits the cooled interior, is possible. The PCM, that is, the latent heat storage means may be arranged on the inside of the inner container or on the foam side.

Auch ein Material mit hoher Wärmekapazität, wie beispielsweise Wasser, kann zur Wärmespeicherung herangezogen werden.Even a material with high heat capacity, such as water, can be used for heat storage.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand eines im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment described below.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel betrifft ein Kühl- bzw. Gefriergerät, das als Kälteerzeugungseinheiten einerseits ein oder mehrere Peltierelemente und andererseits einen oder mehrere Kompressoren aufweist.The exemplary embodiment relates to a refrigerator or freezer, which has, on the one hand, one or more Peltier elements as refrigeration units and, on the other hand, one or more compressors.

Die Wärmeisolation der Tür sowie des Korpus erfolgt durch eine Vollvakuumdämmung, das heißt durch eine Dämmung, die nur aus einem Kernmaterial besteht, das in einer vakuumdichten Folie aufgenommen ist, innerhalb derer Vakuum herrscht.The heat insulation of the door and the body is carried out by a full vacuum insulation, that is, by an insulation, which consists only of a core material, which is housed in a vacuum-tight film, within which there is a vacuum.

Außer dieser Vakuumdämmung ist vorzugsweise keine weitere Dämmung vorgesehen. Aufgrund der guten Wärmedämmeigenschaften einer solchen Wärmeisolation genügt es, wenn im normalen Betrieb des Gerätes, das heißt wenn kein Wärmeeintrag durch eine geöffnete Tür oder Waren in das Gerät erfolgt, die Kälteleistung durch ein oder mehrere Peltierelemente bereitgestellt wird.Apart from this vacuum insulation preferably no further insulation is provided. Due to the good thermal insulation properties of such heat insulation, it is sufficient if the cooling capacity is provided by one or more Peltier elements during normal operation of the device, that is, when no heat input through an open door or goods in the device.

Kommt es dazu, dass der Nutzer die Tür öffnet, beispielsweise um Ware zu entnehmen oder warme Ware einzulegen, wird dies durch einen Sensor des Gerätes erkannt und ein Kompressor zugeschaltet. In diesem Fall läuft das Peltierelement weiter, die zusätzliche Kälteleistung wird durch den Kompressor, das heißt durch den Kältemittelkreislauf bereitgestellt. Die Wärme wird mittels eines Verdampfers entzogen, der Bestandteil des Kältemittelkreislaufes bildet.If it happens that the user opens the door, for example, to remove goods or insert warm goods, this is detected by a sensor of the device and a compressor switched on. In this case, the Peltier element continues to run, the additional cooling capacity is provided by the compressor, that is through the refrigerant circuit. The heat is extracted by means of an evaporator, which forms part of the refrigerant circuit.

Die mehreren Kälteerzeugungseinheiten können unterschiedliche Leistungen oder auch dieselbe Leistung aufweisen. Im letzteren Falle ist es möglich, unterschiedliche Leistungsstufen dadurch bereitzustellen, dass eine oder mehrere der Kälteerzeugungseinheiten je nach Kältebedarf aktiviert wird.The multiple refrigeration units may have different powers or even the same power. In the latter case it is possible To provide different levels of performance in that one or more of the refrigeration units is activated depending on the refrigeration demand.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Ausführungsbeispiels ist vorgesehen, dass die Temperatur in dem gekühlten Innenraum mittels eines Temperaturfühlers gemessen wird und dass bei einer Isttemperatur oberhalb eines Einschaltwertes auf einen Kälteerzeuger mit hoher Leistung gewechselt wird und bei einer Temperatur unterhalb eines Ausschaltwertes dieser Kälteerzeuger mit hoher Leistung abgeschaltet wird und auf einen Kälteerzeuger mit kleinerer Leistung gewechselt wird. Dieser Kälteerzeuger mit kleinerer Leistung kann permanent betrieben werden oder nur für den Fall, dass sich die Isttemperatur unterhalb des Ausschaltwertes befindet.In a preferred embodiment of the embodiment, it is provided that the temperature in the cooled interior is measured by means of a temperature sensor and that is switched at an actual temperature above a switch on a high output chiller and switched off at a temperature below a switch off this chiller with high power and is switched to a cooler with lower power. This cooler with lower power can be operated permanently or only in case the actual temperature is below the switch-off value.

Claims (10)

Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät mit wenigstens einem Korpus und mit wenigstens einem in dem Korpus befindlichen gekühlten Innenraum sowie mit wenigstens einem Kälteaggregat zur Erzeugung der Kälteleistung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kälteaggregat zwei oder mehr als zwei Kälteerzeugungseinheiten aufweist, die in wenigstens einem Betriebszustand eine unterschiedliche Kälteleistung bereitstellen, und/oder die derart betreibbar sind, dass diese einzeln oder kumulativ in Betrieb sind.Refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one body and with at least one refrigerated interior located in the body and with at least one refrigeration unit for generating the cooling capacity, characterized in that the refrigeration unit comprises two or more than two refrigeration units, in at least one operating state provide different cooling capacity, and / or which are operable so that they are individually or cumulatively in operation. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten aus der Gruppe Kompressor, Peltierelement, elektrokalorisch arbeitende Einheit, magnetokalorisch arbeitende Einheit ausgewählt sind.The refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 1, characterized in that the refrigeration units from the group compressor, Peltier element, electrocaloric operating unit, magnetocalorically operating unit are selected. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten zwei Kompressoren sind, die unterschiedliche Leistungen aufweisen oder mit unterschiedlichen Leistungen betreibbar sind.The refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the refrigeration units are two compressors, the different Have services or are operable with different services. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten ein Kompressor und ein Peltierelement sind.Refrigerator and / or freezer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the refrigeration units are a compressor and a Peltier element. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Steuerungs- oder Regelungsmittel vorgesehen sind, die die Kälteerzeugungseinheiten in Abhängigkeit vom Betriebsmodus des Gerätes betreiben.Cooling and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that control or regulating means are provided which operate the refrigeration units in dependence on the operating mode of the device. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Kälteerzeugungseinheiten ein Peltierelement darstellt, das derart angesteuert ist, dass es im Dauerbetrieb läuft.Cooling and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the refrigeration units is a Peltier element, which is controlled such that it runs in continuous operation. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gerät wenigstens einen Temperatursensor zur Messung der Temperatur in dem gekühlten Innenraum aufweist und dass eine Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinheit vorgesehen ist, die ausgebildet ist, dass diese bei einer Temperatur oberhalb eines Einschaltwertes eine Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise großer Leistung aktiviert und unterhalb eines Ausschaltwertes einen Wechsel auf den Betrieb einer Kälteerzugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise geringer Leistung vornimmt.The refrigerator and / or freezer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has at least one temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the cooled interior and that a control or regulating unit is provided, which is formed at a temperature above of a switch-on value, a refrigeration unit with comparatively high power is activated and, below a switch-off value, makes a change to the operation of a refrigeration unit with comparatively low power. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein Sensor zur Erkennung warmer Objekte oder zur Erkennung eines Wärmeeintrags in dem/den gekühlten Innenraum vorgesehen ist.Cooling and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one sensor for detecting hot objects or for detecting a heat input in the cooled interior (s) is provided. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Anzeigemittel vorgesehen sind, die dem Nutzer die jeweils aktive Kälteerzeugungseinheit anzeigen.Cooling and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that display means are provided which indicate to the user the respective active refrigeration unit. Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel vorgesehen sind, durch die eine Kälteerzeugungseinheit mit vergleichsweise großer Leistung nutzerseitig aktivierbar ist.Cooling and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means are provided, by means of which a refrigeration unit with comparatively high power can be activated on the user side.
EP16205698.0A 2015-12-30 2016-12-21 Refrigeration and/or freezer device Active EP3187799B1 (en)

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