EP3184480A1 - Tower crane comprising telescopic mast - Google Patents

Tower crane comprising telescopic mast Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3184480A1
EP3184480A1 EP16201219.9A EP16201219A EP3184480A1 EP 3184480 A1 EP3184480 A1 EP 3184480A1 EP 16201219 A EP16201219 A EP 16201219A EP 3184480 A1 EP3184480 A1 EP 3184480A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
latch
mast section
tower crane
mast
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16201219.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3184480B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Verchere
Fabrice Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS filed Critical Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Publication of EP3184480A1 publication Critical patent/EP3184480A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3184480B1 publication Critical patent/EP3184480B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
    • B66C23/30—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of telescopic elements
    • B66C23/305—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of telescopic elements with locking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/342—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes with telescopic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/346—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes with locking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/348—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes the erection being operated by jacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88—Safety gear

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automatic unfolding and folding tower crane.
  • the present invention relates to a method of unfolding such a tower crane.
  • EP0855361A1 describes an automatic unfolding and folding tower crane comprising an boom and a telescopic mast.
  • the telescopic mast comprises a first mast section, a second section of sliding mast side locks which are movable between locking positions and release positions of the mast sections.
  • the locks of EP0855361A1 are pivotally mounted and the telescopic mast includes levers for moving the side locks.
  • the side locks transmit the vertical forces of the boom and the first mast section to the second mast section.
  • the side latches, right and left cooperate with cleats that are welded to the side faces, right and left, of the first mast section.
  • Each cleat has a guide ramp for guiding a respective latch to its locking position.
  • locks and cleats EP0855361A1 are relatively bulky and they require high accuracy i) in the vertical direction so that their bearing faces are aligned and ii) in a horizontal direction to control the games between the first and second mast sections.
  • each guide ramp can generate significant forces in a horizontal plane, which requires locally oversize the first mast section and the second mast section.
  • the present invention is intended in particular to solve, in whole or in part, the problems mentioned above.
  • the front latch, the rear latch, the secondary front face and the secondary rear face are configured so that the front latch does not transmit a force oriented in the longitudinal direction between the first mast section and the second section of mast.
  • front latch, the rear latch, the secondary front face and the secondary rear face can be configured so that the rear latch transmits substantially all the forces oriented along the longitudinal direction between the first mast section and the second section of the rear section. mast.
  • the vertical forces are transmitted only by the rear latch, while the front latch transmits only horizontal forces. So the distribution of the forces is isostatic in a vertical median plane of telescopic mast, for example in a plane of symmetry of the mast, which avoids oversizing the locking system and the front face of the first mast section.
  • the front and rear locks participate in the recovery of the forces generated by the moments which are applied outside this plane and which are due for example to a gust of wind on the boom or dynamic effects during an orientation movement of the tower crane. Therefore, the distance between the front and rear locks makes it possible to take up high torsional moments between the first and second mast sections without inducing relative movement between the first and second mast sections. Therefore the transfer of forces is by shearing front and rear locks, which reduces the risk of fatigue failure compared to abutments that would be welded to a thin tubular mast.
  • the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical; b) a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal, and c) any direction contained in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal.
  • the front lock and the rear lock in release positions are mechanically connected to the first mast section.
  • mast section refers to a longitudinal mast element.
  • mast sections form the telescopic mast.
  • the first mast section extends at least partially in the second mast section.
  • the first mast section When the telescopic mast is in a compact configuration, the first mast section extends almost completely into the second mast section.
  • the first mast section When the telescopic mast is in deployed configuration, the first mast section extends substantially out of the second mast section.
  • the first mast section has a polygonal cross-section with at least eight faces
  • the second mast section has a cross-section of polygonal shape with at least eight faces.
  • the polygonal shapes of the transverse sections of the first and second mast sections are convex.
  • the first mast section has a generally tubular shape composed of flat sheets
  • the second mast section has a generally tubular shape composed of flat sheets.
  • the first mast section forms a box with full faces
  • the second mast section forms a box with solid faces.
  • the first mast section has a generally constant cross section over substantially its entire length
  • the second mast section has a generally constant cross section over substantially its entire length.
  • the first and second mast sections each have the overall shape of a prism.
  • cross section designates a section considered in a sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding mast section.
  • first mast section has, perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, a polygonal section.
  • second mast section has, perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, a polygonal section.
  • the secondary front support and the secondary rear support cooperate respectively with the front lock and with the rear lock so that the front lock transmits, between the first mast section and the second mast section, only efforts oriented in a plane. perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Indeed, as the bottom of the front latch does not touch the secondary front support, the front latch can not transmit longitudinal forces to the second mast section.
  • the secondary front support comprises a front support block having a partially cylindrical groove
  • the secondary rear support comprises a rear support block having a partially cylindrical groove, which can thus cooperate with the rear lock.
  • the primary front face and the primary rear face respectively comprise a primary front support and a primary rear support, the primary front support and the primary rear support being configured to transmit forces between the first mast section and, respectively, the front lock and the rear lock.
  • the primary front support and the primary rear support may respectively comprise a front support block and a rear support block.
  • the front support block may have a partially cylindrical groove
  • the rear support block may have a partially cylindrical groove, these grooves cooperating respectively with the front and rear locks.
  • the secondary front support has a front cut that opens upwards when the tower crane is in the working position, the secondary rear support having a rear cut which opens upwards when the tower crane is in position. working position, the front notch and the rear cut being configured so that the rear latch is supported against the bottom) of the rear cut and that the front latch is distant from the bottom of the front cut, when the Front latch and the rear latch are in their locking positions.
  • the front lock can not transmit longitudinal force to the second mast section.
  • the front latch therefore only transmits horizontal forces to the second mast section when the tower crane is in the working position.
  • the bottom of the front notch is lower than the bottom of the rear cut when the front latch and the rear latch are at the same altitude and in their locking positions.
  • the rear cut has an upwardly flared shape
  • the front cut comprises i) a guiding portion having an upwardly flared shape and ii) a locking portion having a U-shaped shape adjusted to the front lock.
  • rear and front notches facilitate the centering of the first mast section relative to the second mast section, regardless of the positioning or manufacturing defects of the various components.
  • flared shapes of the front and rear notches around the longitudinal direction allow self-centering of the first mast section with respect to the second mast section, since the first mast section is subjected by the boom at a time tilting towards the before.
  • the front latch comprises a front rod
  • the rear latch comprises a rear rod
  • the front rod and rear rod having substantially equal transverse dimensions
  • front and rear rods can distribute the forces that are subject to the front and rear locks.
  • the front rod and the rear rod are cylindrical, their diameters being substantially equal.
  • the cylindrical shape of the rear rod allows the rear latch to transmit forces regardless of their direction.
  • the right and left side portions of the first mast section are symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry which extends in the longitudinal direction and which is parallel to the plane of extension of the arrow, the axis the forward rod and the axis of the rear rod extending in said plane of symmetry.
  • the front latch and the rear latch extend along the plane of symmetry of the first mast section.
  • the front latch is movable in a first locking direction
  • the rear latch is movable in a second locking direction, the first locking direction and the second locking direction being parallel or collinear.
  • the front latch and the rear latch can be movable in non-parallel or non-linear translation directions.
  • each of the locking directions extends exclusively in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
  • linear jack and such rods make the actuating device reliable and economical.
  • linear jack allows simultaneous movement of the front and rear locks.
  • the actuating device may comprise two linear cylinders arranged to respectively actuate the front link and the rear link, thus to respectively move the front lock and the rear lock.
  • each of the front and rear locks is connected to its own linear jack.
  • the or each linear jack is an electric jack.
  • the or each linear cylinder can be a hydraulic cylinder.
  • each connecting rod stops the movement of the front or rear lock, which avoids overloading the actuating device.
  • the front latch has a latch shoulder
  • the front slot has a forward thrust surface configured to abut against the latch shoulder when the front latch is in the latch position.
  • the front latch and the rear latch extend mainly in the first mast section in the release position.
  • the size of the telescopic mast is reduced. Furthermore, as the actuating device is in the first mast section, which is movable, the telescopic mast can work at several locking heights without the need to multiply the locks.
  • the tower crane comprises a detection system comprising detectors configured to inform an operator and / or a central unit when the front lock and the rear lock are respectively in their locking or release positions.
  • the Figures 1 to 9 illustrate a tower crane 1 with unfolding and automatic folding.
  • the tower crane 1 comprises an arrow 2 and a telescopic mast 4.
  • the longitudinal direction Z10 is substantially vertical.
  • the telescopic mast 4 comprises a first mast section 10, a second mast section 20 and a third mast section 25.
  • the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20 are configured so that the first mast section 10 can slide in the second mast section 20 in a longitudinal direction Z10.
  • the first 10 and second 20 mast sections each have a tubular shape which is composed of flat sheets and which has a convex octagonal cross-section.
  • the first 10 and second 20 mast sections each form a box with eight full faces.
  • the first mast section 10 has two primary lateral faces 11 and 12, a primary front face 13 and a primary rear face 14.
  • the primary front face 13 faces the arrow 2 when the tower crane 1 is in the working position.
  • the primary rear face 14 is opposed to the primary front face 13.
  • the primary lateral faces 11 and 12 comprise a left lateral face 11 and a right lateral face 12.
  • the second mast section 20 has two secondary lateral faces 21 and 22, a secondary front face 23 and a secondary rear face 24.
  • the secondary front face 23 is oriented towards the arrow 2 when the tower crane 1 is in position working.
  • the secondary rear face 24 is opposed to the secondary front face 23.
  • the secondary lateral faces 21 and 22 comprise a left lateral face 21 and a right lateral face 22.
  • the telescopic mast 4 further comprises a front latch 30 and a rear latch 40.
  • the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are located in the first mast section 10.
  • the front latch 30 comprises a front rod 31 and the rear latch 40 comprises a rear rod 41.
  • the front rod 31 and the rear rod 41 are here cylindrical and have substantially equal diameters.
  • the right and left side portions of the first mast portion 10 are symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry P10 which extends in the longitudinal direction Z10 and which is parallel to the extension plane P2 of the arrow 2.
  • the axis X31 of the front rod 31 and the axis X41 of the rear rod 41 extend in the plane of symmetry P10. So the lock before 30 and the lock rear 40 extend along the plane of symmetry P10 of the first mast section 10.
  • the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are movable in translation orthogonal to the longitudinal direction Z10.
  • the front latch 30 is movable in a first locking direction X30.
  • the rear latch 40 is movable in a second locking direction X40.
  • the first locking direction X30 and the second locking direction X40 are collinear here.
  • the first X30 and second locking directions extend exclusively in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction Z10.
  • the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are mechanically connected to the first mast section 10, and they extend completely into the first mast section 10.
  • the telescopic pole 4 further comprises an actuating device 50 which is configured to move the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 between their release positions ( figure 4 ) and their positions locking ( Figures 5-7 ).
  • the actuating device 50 is arranged in the first mast section 10.
  • the front latch 30, the rear latch 40, the secondary front face 23 and the secondary rear face 24 are configured so that the front latch 30 transmits, between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20, only forces F30 which are oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Z10.
  • the front latch 30, the rear latch 40, the secondary front face 23 and the secondary rear face 24 are here configured so that the front latch 30 does not transmit a force oriented along the longitudinal direction Z10 between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20.
  • the front latch 30 thus transmits only horizontal forces F30 to the second mast section 20 when the tower crane 1 is in the working position.
  • the rear latch 40 transmits all the forces F41 oriented in the longitudinal direction Z10 (vertical) between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20.
  • the forces F41 are the vertical components (Z10) of the oblique forces F40 transmitted between the rear latch 40 and the second mast section 20.
  • the secondary front face 23 comprises a secondary front support 23.1.
  • the secondary rear face 24 has a secondary rear support 24.1.
  • the primary front face 13 and the rear face primary 14 respectively comprise a primary front support 13.1 and a primary rear support 14.1.
  • the front latch 30 does not touch the secondary front support 23.1, the front latch 30 does not transmit vertical forces to the second mast section 20.
  • the secondary front support 23.1 and the secondary rear support 24.1 cooperate respectively with the front latch. 30 and with the rear latch 40 so that the front latch 30 only transmits forces F30 which are oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Z10 (horizontal plane).
  • the primary front support 13.1 and the primary rear support 14.1 are configured to transmit forces, in particular vertical (Z10), between the first mast section 10 and, respectively, the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40.
  • the primary front support 13.1 here comprises a front support block which has a semi-cylindrical groove.
  • the primary rear support 14.1 comprises a rear support block which has a semi-cylindrical groove. These semi-cylindrical grooves cooperate with the front and rear rods forming the front and rear locks 40.
  • the secondary front support 23.1 has a notch before 23.2 which opens up when the tower crane 1 is in the working position.
  • the secondary rear support 24.1 has a rear cut 24.2 which opens upwards when the tower crane 1 is in the working position.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the distance D between the front lock 30 and the bottom 23.20 of the front notch 23.2.
  • the rear cut 24.2 here has a flared shape upwards.
  • the notch before 23.2 comprises: i) a guiding portion 23.21 having an upwardly flared shape, and ii) a locking portion 23.22 having a U shape adjusted to the front latch 30.
  • the lateral play of the shape in U is minimized so that the front latch bears against the edges of the locking portion 23.22.
  • the bottom of the notch before 23.2 is lower than the bottom of the rear notch 24.2 when the front and rear locks 40 are at the same altitude and in their locking positions ( Figures 5-7 ).
  • the tower crane 1 further comprises a first support beam 16 and a second support beam 17, which are arranged to respectively transmit i) efforts of the first mast section 10 to the latch before 30 and ii) efforts from the second mast section 20 to the rear latch 40.
  • the front latch 30 has a latch shoulder 30.5 and the front latch 23.3 has a forward stop surface that abuts the latch shoulder 30.5 when the front latch 30 is in the latch position ( Figures 5-7 ).
  • the lock shoulder 30.5 prevents the complete exit of the front locks 30 and rear 40 when the front seat 23.3 is opening.
  • the rear latch 30 has a latch shoulder 40.5 and the rear latch 24.4 has a rear thrust surface 28 ( figure 7 ) which abuts against the latch shoulder 40.5 when the rear latch 40 is in the locked position ( Figures 5-7 ).
  • the first mast section 10 comprises four primary support members 18.1, two being located in a front region and two in a rear region of the first mast section 10.
  • the second mast section 20 comprises four secondary support 18.2 two being located in a front region and two in a rear region of the second mast section 20.
  • the primary support members 18.1 and the secondary support members 18.2 are connected to the oblique faces of the octagonal section.
  • the primary support members 18.1 respectively rest on the front-right, front-left, rear-right and rear-left sides of the second mast section 20.
  • the secondary support members 18.2 respectively rest on the front-right, front-left, rear-right and left-back sides of the first mast section 10.
  • the primary support members 18.1 are located lower than the secondary support members 18.2.
  • the secondary support members 18.2 are closer to the arrow 102, whose load induces a moment tilting forward.
  • the primary support members 18.1 and secondary 12 fulfill a guiding function of the first and second mast sections 10 and 20 during the unfolding and folding of the telescopic mast 1. In fact, the primary support members 18.1 and secondary 18.2 guide the first mast section 10 sliding relative to the second mast section 20.
  • the primary support members 18.1 and secondary 18.2 also fulfill a force transmission function when the tower crane 100 is in operation (static telescopic mast).
  • the primary support members 18.1 and the secondary support members 18.2 are configured to transmit, between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20, forces induced by bending moments and by generated torsion moments. for example by a load suspended from the boom 102, by the weight of the boom 102 and by a side wind on the boom 102.
  • the telescopic mast 1 comprises lateral support members 19 which are configured to transmit lateral forces between the right and left faces of the first 10 and second mast sections.
  • the lateral support members 19 are located here at the same altitude as the secondary support members 18.2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

Cette grue à tour comprend une flèche et un mât télescopique ayant un premier et un deuxième tronçons de mât coulissants selon une direction longitudinale (Z10). Un verrou avant (30) et un verrou arrière (40) sont mobiles entre : - des positions de verrouillage, où le verrou avant (30) et le verrou arrière (40) immobilisent le premier tronçon de mât par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât, et - des positions de libération. Dans le premier tronçon de mât, un dispositif d'actionnement (50) déplace le verrou avant (30) et le verrou arrière (40) entre leurs positions de libération et de verrouillage. Le verrou avant (30) transmet, entre le premier tronçon de mât et le deuxième tronçon de mât, seulement des efforts orientés dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (Z10).The tower crane comprises an boom and a telescopic mast having first and second mast sections slidable along a longitudinal direction (Z10). A front latch (30) and a rear latch (40) are movable between: locking positions, where the front lock (30) and the rear lock (40) immobilize the first mast section with respect to the second mast section, and - release positions. In the first mast section, an actuator (50) moves the front latch (30) and the rear latch (40) between their release and latch positions. The front latch (30) transmits, between the first mast section and the second mast section, only forces oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (Z10).

Description

La présente invention concerne une grue à tour à dépliage et repliage automatique. De plus, la présente invention concerne un procédé de dépliage d'une telle grue à tour.The present invention relates to an automatic unfolding and folding tower crane. In addition, the present invention relates to a method of unfolding such a tower crane.

EP0855361A1 décrit une grue à tour à dépliage et repliage automatique comprenant une flèche et un mât télescopique. Le mât télescopique comprend un premier tronçon de mât, un deuxième tronçon de mât coulissants des verrous latéraux qui sont mobiles entre des positions de verrouillage et des positions de libération des tronçons de mât. EP0855361A1 describes an automatic unfolding and folding tower crane comprising an boom and a telescopic mast. The telescopic mast comprises a first mast section, a second section of sliding mast side locks which are movable between locking positions and release positions of the mast sections.

Les verrous de EP0855361A1 sont montés pivotants et le mât télescopique comprend des manettes pour déplacer les verrous latéraux. Les verrous latéraux transmettent les efforts verticaux de la flèche et du premier tronçon de mât au deuxième tronçon de mât. Les verrous latéraux, droit et gauche, coopèrent avec des taquets qui sont soudés sur les faces latérales, droite et gauche, du premier tronçon de mât. Chaque taquet présente une rampe de guidage pour guider un verrou respectif vers sa position de verrouillage.The locks of EP0855361A1 are pivotally mounted and the telescopic mast includes levers for moving the side locks. The side locks transmit the vertical forces of the boom and the first mast section to the second mast section. The side latches, right and left, cooperate with cleats that are welded to the side faces, right and left, of the first mast section. Each cleat has a guide ramp for guiding a respective latch to its locking position.

Cependant, les verrous et les taquets de EP0855361A1 sont relativement encombrants et ils nécessitent une grande précision i) selon la direction verticale pour que leurs faces d'appui soient alignées et ii) selon une direction horizontale afin de maîtriser les jeux entre les premier et deuxième tronçons de mât. En outre, chaque rampe de guidage peut générer des efforts importants dans un plan horizontal, ce qui impose de surdimensionner localement le premier tronçon de mât et le deuxième tronçon de mât.However, locks and cleats EP0855361A1 are relatively bulky and they require high accuracy i) in the vertical direction so that their bearing faces are aligned and ii) in a horizontal direction to control the games between the first and second mast sections. In addition, each guide ramp can generate significant forces in a horizontal plane, which requires locally oversize the first mast section and the second mast section.

La présente invention a notamment pour but de résoudre, en tout ou partie, les problèmes mentionnés ci-avant.The present invention is intended in particular to solve, in whole or in part, the problems mentioned above.

Dans ce but, la présente invention a pour objet une grue à tour, à dépliage et repliage automatique, comprenant une flèche et un mât télescopique, le mât télescopique comprenant au moins un premier tronçon de mât et un deuxième tronçon de mât configurés de sorte que le premier tronçon de mât peut coulisser dans le deuxième tronçon de mât selon une direction longitudinale,
le premier tronçon de mât ayant au moins : deux faces latérales primaires, une face avant primaire et une face arrière primaire, la face avant primaire étant orientée vers la flèche lorsque la grue à tour est en position de travail, la face arrière primaire étant opposée à la face avant primaire,
le deuxième tronçon de mât ayant au moins : deux faces latérales secondaires, une face avant secondaire et une face arrière secondaire, la face avant secondaire étant orientée vers la flèche lorsque la grue à tour est en position de travail, la face arrière secondaire étant opposée à la face avant secondaire,
la grue à tour étant caractérisée en ce que :

  • le mât télescopique comprend en outre un verrou avant et un verrou arrière qui sont mobiles au moins en translation orthogonalement à la direction longitudinale et respectivement entre :
    • des positions de verrouillage, où le verrou avant coopère avec les faces avant primaire et secondaire, et où le verrou arrière coopère avec les faces arrière primaire et secondaire, de façon à immobiliser le premier tronçon de mât par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât, et
    • des positions de libération, où le verrou avant et le verrou arrière libèrent le premier tronçon de mât par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât,
  • le mât télescopique comprend en outre un dispositif d'actionnement configuré pour déplacer le verrou avant et le verrou arrière entre leurs positions de libération et leurs positions de verrouillage, le dispositif d'actionnement étant agencé dans le premier tronçon de mât,
  • le verrou avant, le verrou arrière, la face avant secondaire et la face arrière secondaire étant configurés de sorte que le verrou avant transmet, entre le premier tronçon de mât et le deuxième tronçon de mât, seulement des efforts orientés dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale.
To this end, the subject of the present invention is an automatic folding and unfolding tower crane, comprising an arrow and a telescopic mast, the telescopic mast comprising at least a first mast section and a second mast section configured so that the first mast section can slide in the second mast section in a longitudinal direction,
the first mast section having at least: two primary lateral faces, a primary front face and a primary rear face, the primary front face facing the boom when the tower crane is in the working position, the primary rear face being opposite at the primary front,
the second mast section having at least: two secondary side faces, a secondary front face and a secondary rear face, the secondary front face facing the boom when the tower crane is in the working position, the secondary rear face being opposite at the secondary front,
the tower crane being characterized in that:
  • the telescopic mast further comprises a front latch and a rear latch which are movable at least in translation orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and respectively between:
    • locking positions, wherein the front latch cooperates with the primary and secondary front faces, and wherein the rear latch cooperates with the primary and secondary rear faces, so as to immobilize the first mast section with respect to the second mast section, and
    • release positions, wherein the front latch and the rear latch release the first mast section relative to the second mast section,
  • the telescopic mast further comprises an actuating device configured to move the front latch and the rear latch between their release positions and their locking positions, the actuating device being arranged in the first mast section,
  • the front latch, the rear latch, the secondary front face and the secondary rear face being configured so that the front latch transmits, between the first mast section and the second mast section, only forces oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

En d'autres termes, le verrou avant, le verrou arrière, la face avant secondaire et la face arrière secondaire sont configurés de sorte que le verrou avant ne transmet pas d'effort orienté selon la direction longitudinale entre le premier tronçon de mât et le deuxième tronçon de mât.In other words, the front latch, the rear latch, the secondary front face and the secondary rear face are configured so that the front latch does not transmit a force oriented in the longitudinal direction between the first mast section and the second section of mast.

De plus, le verrou avant, le verrou arrière, la face avant secondaire et la face arrière secondaire peuvent être configurés de sorte que le verrou arrière transmette substantiellement tous les efforts orientés selon la direction longitudinale entre le premier tronçon de mât et le deuxième tronçon de mât.In addition, the front latch, the rear latch, the secondary front face and the secondary rear face can be configured so that the rear latch transmits substantially all the forces oriented along the longitudinal direction between the first mast section and the second section of the rear section. mast.

Ainsi, les efforts verticaux sont transmis seulement par le verrou arrière, alors que le verrou avant transmet seulement des efforts horizontaux. Donc la répartition des efforts est isostatique dans un plan médian vertical du mât télescopique, par exemple dans un plan de symétrie du mât, ce qui évite de surdimensionner le système de verrouillage et la face avant du premier tronçon de mât.Thus, the vertical forces are transmitted only by the rear latch, while the front latch transmits only horizontal forces. So the distribution of the forces is isostatic in a vertical median plane of telescopic mast, for example in a plane of symmetry of the mast, which avoids oversizing the locking system and the front face of the first mast section.

Dans un plan orthogonal au plan médian vertical (contenant la direction longitudinale) du mât télescopique, les verrous avant et arrière participent à la reprise des efforts générés par les moments qui sont s'appliquent hors de ce plan et qui sont dûs par exemple à une rafale de vent sur la flèche ou aux effets dynamiques lors d'un mouvement d'orientation de la grue à tour. Donc la distance entre les verrous avant et arrière permet de reprendre des moments de torsion élevés entre les premier et deuxième tronçons de mât sans induire de mouvement relatif entre les premier et deuxième tronçons de mât. Donc le transfert des efforts se fait par des verrous avant et arrière travaillant en cisaillement, ce qui réduit le risque de défaillance en fatigue par rapport à des butées qui seraient soudées sur un mât tubulaire mince.In a plane orthogonal to the vertical median plane (containing the longitudinal direction) of the telescopic mast, the front and rear locks participate in the recovery of the forces generated by the moments which are applied outside this plane and which are due for example to a gust of wind on the boom or dynamic effects during an orientation movement of the tower crane. Therefore, the distance between the front and rear locks makes it possible to take up high torsional moments between the first and second mast sections without inducing relative movement between the first and second mast sections. Therefore the transfer of forces is by shearing front and rear locks, which reduces the risk of fatigue failure compared to abutments that would be welded to a thin tubular mast.

Lorsque la grue à tour est en configuration de travail : a) la direction longitudinale est sensiblement verticale ; b) un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale est sensiblement horizontal, et c) toute direction contenue dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale est sensiblement horizontale.When the tower crane is in working configuration: a) the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical; b) a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal, and c) any direction contained in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal.

Selon une variante, le verrou avant et le verrou arrière en positions de libération sont reliés mécaniquement au premier tronçon de mât.According to one variant, the front lock and the rear lock in release positions are mechanically connected to the first mast section.

Dans la présente demande, le terme « tronçon de mât » désigne un élément de mât longitudinal. Ainsi, plusieurs tronçons de mât superposés forment le mât télescopique.In the present application, the term "mast section" refers to a longitudinal mast element. Thus, several superimposed mast sections form the telescopic mast.

Le premier tronçon de mât s'étend au moins partiellement dans le deuxième tronçon de mât. Lorsque le mât télescopique est en configuration compacte, le premier tronçon de mât s'étend presque totalement dans le deuxième tronçon de mât. Lorsque le mât télescopique est en configuration déployée, le premier tronçon de mât s'étend substantiellement hors du deuxième tronçon de mât.The first mast section extends at least partially in the second mast section. When the telescopic mast is in a compact configuration, the first mast section extends almost completely into the second mast section. When the telescopic mast is in deployed configuration, the first mast section extends substantially out of the second mast section.

Selon une variante, le premier tronçon de mât a une section transversale de forme polygonale à au moins huit faces, et le deuxième tronçon de mât a une section transversale de forme polygonale à au moins huit faces. Selon une variante, les formes polygonales des sections transversales du premier et du deuxième tronçons de mât sont convexes.According to a variant, the first mast section has a polygonal cross-section with at least eight faces, and the second mast section has a cross-section of polygonal shape with at least eight faces. According to a variant, the polygonal shapes of the transverse sections of the first and second mast sections are convex.

Selon une variante, le premier tronçon de mât a une forme globalement tubulaire composée de tôles plates, et le deuxième tronçon de mât a une forme globalement tubulaire composée de tôles plates. En d'autres termes, le premier tronçon de mât forme un caisson à faces pleines, et le deuxième tronçon de mât forme un caisson à faces pleines.According to a variant, the first mast section has a generally tubular shape composed of flat sheets, and the second mast section has a generally tubular shape composed of flat sheets. In other words, the first mast section forms a box with full faces, and the second mast section forms a box with solid faces.

Selon une variante, le premier tronçon de mât a une section transversale globalement constante sur sensiblement toute sa longueur, et le le deuxième tronçon de mât a une section transversale globalement constante sur sensiblement toute sa longueur. En d'autres termes, les premier et deuxième tronçons de mât ont chacun globalement la forme d'un prisme.Alternatively, the first mast section has a generally constant cross section over substantially its entire length, and the second mast section has a generally constant cross section over substantially its entire length. In other words, the first and second mast sections each have the overall shape of a prism.

Dans la présente demande, le terme « section transversale » désigne une section considérée dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du tronçon de mât correspondant. En d'autres termes, le premier tronçon de mât présente, perpendiculairement à son axe longitudinal, une section polygonale. De même, le deuxième tronçon de mât présente, perpendiculairement à son axe longitudinal, une section polygonale.In the present application, the term "cross section" designates a section considered in a sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the corresponding mast section. In other words, the first mast section has, perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, a polygonal section. Similarly, the second mast section has, perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, a polygonal section.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la face avant secondaire et la face arrière secondaire comportent respectivement un support avant secondaire et un support arrière secondaire, le support avant secondaire et le support arrière secondaire étant configurés de sorte que :

  • le bas du verrou avant en position de verrouillage est distant du support avant secondaire, et
  • le verrou arrière en position de verrouillage est en appui contre le support arrière secondaire.
According to one embodiment, the secondary front face and the secondary rear face respectively comprise a secondary front support and a secondary rear support, the secondary front support and the secondary rear support being configured so that:
  • the bottom of the front latch in the locked position is remote from the secondary front support, and
  • the rear latch in the locking position bears against the secondary rear support.

Ainsi, le support avant secondaire et le support arrière secondaire coopèrent respectivement avec le verrou avant et avec le verrou arrière de sorte que le verrou avant transmet, entre le premier tronçon de mât et le deuxième tronçon de mât, seulement des efforts orientés dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale. En effet, comme le bas du verrou avant ne touche pas le support avant secondaire, le verrou avant ne peut pas transmettre d'efforts longitudinaux au deuxième tronçon de mât.Thus, the secondary front support and the secondary rear support cooperate respectively with the front lock and with the rear lock so that the front lock transmits, between the first mast section and the second mast section, only efforts oriented in a plane. perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Indeed, as the bottom of the front latch does not touch the secondary front support, the front latch can not transmit longitudinal forces to the second mast section.

Selon une variante, le support avant secondaire comprend un pavé d'appui avant ayant une gorge partiellement cylindrique, et le support arrière secondaire comprend un pavé d'appui arrière ayant une gorge partiellement cylindrique, qui peut ainsi coopérer avec le verrou arrière.According to a variant, the secondary front support comprises a front support block having a partially cylindrical groove, and the secondary rear support comprises a rear support block having a partially cylindrical groove, which can thus cooperate with the rear lock.

Selon une variante, la face avant primaire et la face arrière primaire comportent respectivement un support avant primaire et un support arrière primaire, le support avant primaire et le support arrière primaire étant configurés pour transmettre des efforts entre le premier tronçon de mât et, respectivement, le verrou avant et le verrou arrière.According to a variant, the primary front face and the primary rear face respectively comprise a primary front support and a primary rear support, the primary front support and the primary rear support being configured to transmit forces between the first mast section and, respectively, the front lock and the rear lock.

Le support avant primaire et le support arrière primaire peuvent comprendre respectivement un pavé d'appui avant et un pavé d'appui arrière. Le pavé d'appui avant peut avoir une gorge partiellement cylindrique, et le pavé d'appui arrière peut avoir une gorge partiellement cylindrique, ces gorges coopérant respectivement avec les verrous avant et arrière.The primary front support and the primary rear support may respectively comprise a front support block and a rear support block. The front support block may have a partially cylindrical groove, and the rear support block may have a partially cylindrical groove, these grooves cooperating respectively with the front and rear locks.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le support avant secondaire a une entaille avant qui débouche vers le haut lorsque la grue à tour est en position de travail, le support arrière secondaire ayant une entaille arrière qui débouche vers le haut lorsque la grue à tour est en position de travail, l'entaille avant et l'entaille arrière étant configurées de sorte que le verrou arrière est en appui contre le bas) de l'entaille arrière et que le verrou avant est distant du bas de l'entaille avant, lorsque le verrou avant et le verrou arrière sont dans leurs positions de verrouillage.According to one embodiment, the secondary front support has a front cut that opens upwards when the tower crane is in the working position, the secondary rear support having a rear cut which opens upwards when the tower crane is in position. working position, the front notch and the rear cut being configured so that the rear latch is supported against the bottom) of the rear cut and that the front latch is distant from the bottom of the front cut, when the Front latch and the rear latch are in their locking positions.

Ainsi, comme le verrou avant est distant du bas de l'entaille avant en position de verrouillage (pas d'appui), le verrou avant ne peut pas transmettre d'effort longitudinal au deuxième tronçon de mât. Le verrou avant ne transmet donc que des effort horizontaux au deuxième tronçon de mât quand la grue à tour est en position de travail.Thus, as the front lock is distant from the bottom of the front notch in the locking position (no support), the front lock can not transmit longitudinal force to the second mast section. The front latch therefore only transmits horizontal forces to the second mast section when the tower crane is in the working position.

Donc c'est le verrou arrière, en appuyant contre le bas de l'entaille arrière, qui transmet tous les efforts longitudinaux du premier tronçon de mât au deuxième tronçon de mât. Un tel agencement permet d'avoir un système isostatique dans un plan orthogonal à la direction longitudinale et contenant la direction de translation des verrous avant et arrière.So it is the rear lock, pressing against the bottom of the rear cut, which transmits all the longitudinal forces of the first mast section to the second mast section. Such an arrangement makes it possible to have an isostatic system in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and containing the direction of translation of the front and rear locks.

Selon une variante, le fond de l'entaille avant est plus bas que le fond de l'entaille arrière lorsque le verrou avant et le verrou arrière sont à la même altitude et dans leurs positions de verrouillage.Alternatively, the bottom of the front notch is lower than the bottom of the rear cut when the front latch and the rear latch are at the same altitude and in their locking positions.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'entaille arrière a une forme évasée vers le haut, et l'entaille avant comprend i) une portion de guidage ayant une forme évasée vers le haut et ii) une portion de verrouillage ayant une forme en U ajustée au verrou avant.According to one embodiment, the rear cut has an upwardly flared shape, and the front cut comprises i) a guiding portion having an upwardly flared shape and ii) a locking portion having a U-shaped shape adjusted to the front lock.

Ainsi, de telles formes des entailles arrière et avant facilitent le centrage du premier tronçon de mât par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât, quels que soient les défauts de positionnement ou de fabrication des différents composants. De plus, les formes évasées des entailles avant et arrière autour de la direction longitudinale permettent un autocentrage du premier tronçon de mât par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât, car le premier tronçon de mât est soumis par la flèche à un moment basculant vers l'avant.Thus, such forms of rear and front notches facilitate the centering of the first mast section relative to the second mast section, regardless of the positioning or manufacturing defects of the various components. In addition, the flared shapes of the front and rear notches around the longitudinal direction allow self-centering of the first mast section with respect to the second mast section, since the first mast section is subjected by the boom at a time tilting towards the before.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le verrou avant comprend une tige avant, le verrou arrière comprend une tige arrière, la tige avant et tige arrière ayant des dimensions transversales sensiblement égales.According to one embodiment, the front latch comprises a front rod, the rear latch comprises a rear rod, the front rod and rear rod having substantially equal transverse dimensions.

Ainsi, de telles tiges avant et arrière permettent de répartir les efforts auxquels sont soumis les verrous avant et arrière.Thus, such front and rear rods can distribute the forces that are subject to the front and rear locks.

Selon une variante, la tige avant et la tige arrière sont cylindriques, leurs diamètres étant sensiblement égaux. Ainsi la forme cylindrique de la tige arrière permet au verrou arrière de transmettre des efforts quelle que soit leur direction.According to a variant, the front rod and the rear rod are cylindrical, their diameters being substantially equal. Thus the cylindrical shape of the rear rod allows the rear latch to transmit forces regardless of their direction.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les parties latérales droite et gauche du premier tronçon de mât sont symétriques par rapport à un plan de symétrie qui s'étend selon la direction longitudinale et qui est parallèle au plan d'extension de la flèche, l'axe de la tige avant et l'axe de la tige arrière s'étendant dans ledit plan de symétrie.According to one embodiment, the right and left side portions of the first mast section are symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry which extends in the longitudinal direction and which is parallel to the plane of extension of the arrow, the axis the forward rod and the axis of the rear rod extending in said plane of symmetry.

En d'autres termes, le verrou avant et le verrou arrière s'étendent le long du plan de symétrie du premier tronçon de mât.In other words, the front latch and the rear latch extend along the plane of symmetry of the first mast section.

Ainsi, un tel agencement des verrous avant et arrière le long du plan de symétrie permet de réduire les efforts horizontaux sur les verrous avant et arrière par rapport à des verrous latéraux s'appuyant sur des faces latérales du mât télescopique. De plus, cet agencement est adapté à un chargement asymétrique, par exemple lorsque la charge suspendue est déportée latéralement par rapport au mât télescopique.Thus, such an arrangement of the front and rear locks along the plane of symmetry reduces the horizontal forces on the front and rear locks relative to lateral locks supported on lateral faces of the telescopic mast. In addition, this arrangement is suitable for asymmetrical loading, for example when the suspended load is offset laterally relative to the telescopic mast.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le verrou avant est mobile selon une première direction de verrouillage, le verrou arrière est mobile selon une deuxième direction de verrouillage, la première direction de verrouillage et la deuxième direction de verrouillage étant parallèles ou colinéaires.According to one embodiment, the front latch is movable in a first locking direction, the rear latch is movable in a second locking direction, the first locking direction and the second locking direction being parallel or collinear.

Alternativement à ce mode de réalisation, le verrou avant et le verrou arrière peuvent être mobiles selon des directions de translation non parallèles ni colinéraires.Alternatively to this embodiment, the front latch and the rear latch can be movable in non-parallel or non-linear translation directions.

Selon une variante, chacune des directions de verouillage s'étend exclusivement dans un plan orthogonal à la direction longitudinale.According to a variant, each of the locking directions extends exclusively in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'actionnement comprend au moins :

  • un vérin linéaire,
  • une bielle avant reliant mécaniquement l'au moins un vérin linéaire au verrou avant, et
  • une bielle arrière reliant mécaniquement l'au moins un vérin linéaire au verrou arrière.
According to one embodiment, the actuation device comprises at least:
  • a linear cylinder,
  • a forward connecting rod mechanically connecting the at least one linear cylinder to the front latch, and
  • a rear connecting rod mechanically connecting the at least one linear jack to the rear lock.

Ainsi, un tel vérin linéaire et de telles bielles rendent le dispositif d'actionnement fiable et économique. De plus, le vérin linéaire permet de déplacer simultanément les verrous avant et arrière.Thus, such a linear jack and such rods make the actuating device reliable and economical. In addition, the linear jack allows simultaneous movement of the front and rear locks.

Alternativement à ce mode de réalisation, le dispositif d'actionnement peut comprendre deux vérins linéaires agencés pour actionner respectivement la bielle avant et la bielle arrière, donc pour déplacer respectivement le verrou avant et le verrou arrière. En d'autres termes, chacun des verrous avant et arrière est relié à son propre vérin linéaire.Alternatively to this embodiment, the actuating device may comprise two linear cylinders arranged to respectively actuate the front link and the rear link, thus to respectively move the front lock and the rear lock. In other words, each of the front and rear locks is connected to its own linear jack.

Selon une variante, le ou chaque vérin linéaire est un vérin électrique. Alternativement, le ou chaque vérin linéaire peut être un vérin hydraulique.According to a variant, the or each linear jack is an electric jack. Alternatively, the or each linear cylinder can be a hydraulic cylinder.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la grue à tour comprend en outre :

  • une première poutre de support agencée pour transmettre des efforts du premier tronçon de mât au verrou avant,
  • une deuxième poutre de support agencée pour transmettre des efforts du deuxième tronçon de mât au verrou arrière,
    et, en position de libération, les bielles butent respectivement contre la première poutre de support et contre la deuxième poutre de support, de façon à limiter la translation du verrou avant et du verrou arrière.
According to one embodiment, the tower crane further comprises:
  • a first support beam arranged to transmit forces from the first mast section to the front latch,
  • a second support beam arranged to transmit forces from the second mast section to the rear latch,
    and, in the release position, the rods respectively abut against the first support beam and against the second support beam, so as to limit the translation of the front latch and the rear latch.

Ainsi, lorsque les bielles sont en butées, chaque bielle arrête le déplacement du verrou avant ou arrière, ce qui évite de surcharger le dispositif d'actionnement.Thus, when the connecting rods are in abutment, each connecting rod stops the movement of the front or rear lock, which avoids overloading the actuating device.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le verrou avant a un épaulement de verrou, et le logement avant a une surface de butée avant configurée pour buter contre l'épaulement de verrou lorsque le verrou avant est en position de verrouillage.According to one embodiment, the front latch has a latch shoulder, and the front slot has a forward thrust surface configured to abut against the latch shoulder when the front latch is in the latch position.

Ainsi, un tel épaulement de verrou permet d'éviter la sortie complète des verrous avant et arrière lorsque les logements avant et arrière sont débouchants.Thus, such a lock shoulder avoids the complete exit of the front and rear locks when the front and rear housings are open.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le verrou avant et le verrou arrière s'étendent majoritairement dans le premier tronçon de mât en position de libération.According to one embodiment, the front latch and the rear latch extend mainly in the first mast section in the release position.

Ainsi, comme les verrous avant et arrière et le dispositif d'actionnement sont substantiellement dans le premier tronçon de mât, l'encombrement du mât télescopique est réduit. Par ailleurs, comme le dispositif d'actionnement est dans le premier tronçon de mât, qui est mobile, le mât télescopique peut travailler à plusieurs hauteurs de verrouillage sans nécessiter de multiplier les verrous.Thus, as the front and rear locks and the actuating device are substantially in the first mast section, the size of the telescopic mast is reduced. Furthermore, as the actuating device is in the first mast section, which is movable, the telescopic mast can work at several locking heights without the need to multiply the locks.

En d'autres termes, lorsque les verrous avant et arrière sont dans leurs positions de libération, au moins 50% de la longueur du verrou avant s'étend dans le premier tronçon de mât, c'est-à-dire entre la face avant primaire et la face arrière primaire, et au moins 50% de la longueur du verrou arrière s'étend dans le deuxième tronçon de mât.In other words, when the front and rear latches are in their release positions, at least 50% of the length of the front latch extends in the first mast section, that is to say between the front face primary and the primary rear face, and at least 50% of the length of the rear latch extends into the second mast section.

Selon une variante, la grue à tour comprend un système de détection comportant des détecteurs configurés pour informer un opérateur et/ou une unité centrale lorsque le verrou avant et le verrou arrière sont respectivement dans leurs positions de verrouillage ou de libération.According to one variant, the tower crane comprises a detection system comprising detectors configured to inform an operator and / or a central unit when the front lock and the rear lock are respectively in their locking or release positions.

Les modes de réalisation et les variantes mentionnés ci-avant peuvent être pris isolément ou selon toute combinaison techniquement possible.The embodiments and variants mentioned above may be taken individually or in any combination technically possible.

La présente invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages ressortiront aussi à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux figures annexées, dans lesquelles des signes de références identiques correspondent à des éléments structurellement et/ou fonctionnellement identiques ou similaires. Dans les figures annexées :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique de côté d'une grue à tour conforme à l'invention, au cours du dépliage du mât télescopique ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique de côté de la grue à tour de la figure 1 en configuration de travail ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail III à la figure 2 et illustrant une partie du mât télescopique ;
  • la figure 4 est une coupe selon la ligne IV-IV à la figure 3, lorsque les verrous avant et arrière sont en positions de libération ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue similaire à la figure 4, lorsque les verrous avant et arrière sont en positions de verrouillage ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en perspective partiellement tronquée, par un plan de symétrie, d'une partie du mât télescopique de la figure 3 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue de côté, selon la flèche VII à la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue de côté, selon la flèche VIII à la figure 6 ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue de côté, selon la flèche IX à la figure 6 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail X à la figure 3 ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail XI à la figure 3 ;
  • la figure 12 est une coupe selon la ligne XII-XII à la figure 10, lorsque les verrous avant et arrière sont en positions de libération ; et
  • la figure 13 est une coupe selon la ligne XIII-XIII à la figure 11, lorsque les verrous avant et arrière sont en positions de libération.
The present invention will be well understood and its advantages will also emerge in the light of the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended figures, in which identical reference signs correspond to elements structurally and / or functionally identical or similar. In the attached figures:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic side view of a tower crane according to the invention, during the unfolding of the telescopic mast;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic side view of the tower crane of the figure 1 in work configuration;
  • the figure 3 is a larger-scale view of detail III to the figure 2 and illustrating a portion of the telescopic mast;
  • the figure 4 is a section along the line IV-IV to the figure 3 when the front and rear locks are in release positions;
  • the figure 5 is a view similar to the figure 4 when the front and rear locks are in the lock positions;
  • the figure 6 is a perspective view partially truncated, by a plane of symmetry, of a portion of the telescopic mast of the figure 3 ;
  • the figure 7 is a side view, according to arrow VII at figure 5 ;
  • the figure 8 is a side view, according to arrow VIII at the figure 6 ;
  • the figure 9 is a side view, according to the arrow IX at the figure 6 ;
  • the figure 10 is a larger-scale view of detail X to the figure 3 ;
  • the figure 11 is a larger-scale view of detail XI at the figure 3 ;
  • the figure 12 is a section along the line XII-XII to the figure 10 when the front and rear locks are in release positions; and
  • the figure 13 is a section along the line XIII-XIII to the figure 11 , when the front and rear locks are in release positions.

Les figures 1 à 9 illustrent une grue à tour 1 à dépliage et repliage automatique. La grue à tour 1 comprend une flèche 2 et un mât télescopique 4. Lorsque la grue à tour 1 est en configuration de travail (figure 2), la direction longitudinale Z10 est sensiblement verticale.The Figures 1 to 9 illustrate a tower crane 1 with unfolding and automatic folding. The tower crane 1 comprises an arrow 2 and a telescopic mast 4. When tower crane 1 is in working configuration ( figure 2 ), the longitudinal direction Z10 is substantially vertical.

Le mât télescopique 4 comprend un premier tronçon de mât 10, un deuxième tronçon de mât 20 et un troisième tronçon de mât 25. Le premier tronçon de mât 10 et le deuxième tronçon de mât 20 sont configurés de sorte que le premier tronçon de mât 10 peut coulisser dans le deuxième tronçon de mât 20 selon une direction longitudinale Z10.The telescopic mast 4 comprises a first mast section 10, a second mast section 20 and a third mast section 25. The first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20 are configured so that the first mast section 10 can slide in the second mast section 20 in a longitudinal direction Z10.

Les premier 10 et deuxième 20 tronçons de mât ont chacun une forme tubulaire qui est composée de tôles plates et qui a une section transversale octogonale convexe. Les premier 10 et deuxième 20 tronçons de mât forment chacun un caisson à huit faces pleines.The first 10 and second 20 mast sections each have a tubular shape which is composed of flat sheets and which has a convex octagonal cross-section. The first 10 and second 20 mast sections each form a box with eight full faces.

Le premier tronçon de mât 10 a deux faces latérales primaires 11 et 12, une face avant primaire 13 et une face arrière primaire 14. La face avant primaire 13 est orientée vers la flèche 2 lorsque la grue à tour 1 est en position de travail. La face arrière primaire 14 est opposée à la face avant primaire 13. Les faces latérales primaires 11 et 12 comprennent une face latérale gauche 11 et une face latérale droite 12.The first mast section 10 has two primary lateral faces 11 and 12, a primary front face 13 and a primary rear face 14. The primary front face 13 faces the arrow 2 when the tower crane 1 is in the working position. The primary rear face 14 is opposed to the primary front face 13. The primary lateral faces 11 and 12 comprise a left lateral face 11 and a right lateral face 12.

De même, le deuxième tronçon de mât 20 a deux faces latérales secondaires 21 et 22, une face avant secondaire 23 et une face arrière secondaire 24. La face avant secondaire 23 est orientée vers la flèche 2 lorsque la grue à tour 1 est en position de travail. La face arrière secondaire 24 est opposée à la face avant secondaire 23. Les faces latérales secondaires 21 et 22 comprennent une face latérale gauche 21 et une face latérale droite 22.Similarly, the second mast section 20 has two secondary lateral faces 21 and 22, a secondary front face 23 and a secondary rear face 24. The secondary front face 23 is oriented towards the arrow 2 when the tower crane 1 is in position working. The secondary rear face 24 is opposed to the secondary front face 23. The secondary lateral faces 21 and 22 comprise a left lateral face 21 and a right lateral face 22.

Le mât télescopique 4 comprend en outre un verrou avant 30 et un verrou arrière 40. Le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 sont situés dans le premier tronçon de mât 10.The telescopic mast 4 further comprises a front latch 30 and a rear latch 40. The front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are located in the first mast section 10.

Le verrou avant 30 comprend une tige avant 31 et le verrou arrière 40 comprend une tige arrière 41. La tige avant 31 et la tige arrière 41 sont ici cylindriques et ont des diamètres sensiblement égaux.The front latch 30 comprises a front rod 31 and the rear latch 40 comprises a rear rod 41. The front rod 31 and the rear rod 41 are here cylindrical and have substantially equal diameters.

Les parties latérales droite et gauche du premier tronçon de mât 10 sont symétriques par rapport à un plan de symétrie P10 qui s'étend selon la direction longitudinale Z10 et qui est parallèle au plan d'extension P2 de la flèche 2. L'axe X31 de la tige avant 31 et l'axe X41 de la tige arrière 41 s'étendent dans le plan de symétrie P10. Donc le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 s'étendent le long du plan de symétrie P10 du premier tronçon de mât 10.The right and left side portions of the first mast portion 10 are symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry P10 which extends in the longitudinal direction Z10 and which is parallel to the extension plane P2 of the arrow 2. The axis X31 of the front rod 31 and the axis X41 of the rear rod 41 extend in the plane of symmetry P10. So the lock before 30 and the lock rear 40 extend along the plane of symmetry P10 of the first mast section 10.

Le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 sont mobiles en translation orthogonalement à la direction longitudinale Z10. Le verrou avant 30 est mobile selon une première direction de verrouillage X30. Le verrou arrière 40 est mobile selon une deuxième direction de verrouillage X40. La première direction de verrouillage X30 et la deuxième direction de verrouillage X40 sont ici colinéaires. Les première X30 et deuxième directions de verrouillage s'étendent exclusivement dans un plan orthogonal à la direction longitudinale Z10.The front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are movable in translation orthogonal to the longitudinal direction Z10. The front latch 30 is movable in a first locking direction X30. The rear latch 40 is movable in a second locking direction X40. The first locking direction X30 and the second locking direction X40 are collinear here. The first X30 and second locking directions extend exclusively in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal direction Z10.

Le verrou avant 30 est mobile en translation entre :

  • une position de verrouillage (figures 5-7), où le verrou avant 30 coopère avec la face avant primaire 13 et avec la face avant secondaire 23, et
  • une position de libération (figure 4), où le verrou avant 30 ne coopère pas avec la face avant secondaire 23.
The front latch 30 is movable in translation between:
  • a locking position ( Figures 5-7 ), where the front latch 30 cooperates with the primary front face 13 and with the secondary front face 23, and
  • a release position ( figure 4 ), where the front latch 30 does not cooperate with the secondary front face 23.

De même, le verrou arrière 40 est mobile en translation entre :

  • une position de verrouillage (figures 5-7), où le verrou arrière 40 coopère avec la face arrière primaire 14 et avec la face arrière secondaire 24, et
  • une position de libération (figure 4), où le verrou arrière 40 ne coopère pas avec la face arrière secondaire 24.
Similarly, the rear latch 40 is movable in translation between:
  • a locking position ( Figures 5-7 ), where the rear latch 40 cooperates with the primary rear face 14 and with the secondary rear face 24, and
  • a release position ( figure 4 ), where the rear latch 40 does not cooperate with the secondary rear face 24.

Dans l'exemple des figures, pour permettre les coopérations précitées :

  • la face avant primaire 13 a un passage avant 13.3 configuré pour le passage du verrou avant 30,
  • la face arrière primaire 14 a un passage arrière 14.4 configuré pour le passage du verrou arrière 40,
  • la face avant secondaire 23 a un logement avant 23.3 configuré pour recevoir une portion terminale du verrou avant 30, et
  • la face arrière secondaire 24 a un logement arrière 24.4 configuré pour recevoir une portion terminale du verrou arrière 40.
In the example of the figures, to allow the aforementioned cooperation:
  • the primary front face 13 has a front passage 13.3 configured for the passage of the front lock 30,
  • the primary rear face 14 has a rear passage 14.4 configured for the passage of the rear latch 40,
  • the secondary front face 23 has a front housing 23.3 configured to receive an end portion of the front latch 30, and
  • the secondary rear face 24 has a rear housing 24.4 configured to receive an end portion of the rear latch 40.

En position de libération (figure 4), le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40, sont reliés mécaniquement au premier tronçon de mât 10, et ils s'étendent totalement dans le premier tronçon de mât 10.In release position ( figure 4 ), the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40, are mechanically connected to the first mast section 10, and they extend completely into the first mast section 10.

Le mât télescopique 4 comprend en outre un dispositif d'actionnement 50 qui est configuré pour déplacer le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 entre leurs positions de libération (figure 4) et leurs positions de verrouillage (figures 5-7). Le dispositif d'actionnement 50 est agencé dans le premier tronçon de mât 10.The telescopic pole 4 further comprises an actuating device 50 which is configured to move the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 between their release positions ( figure 4 ) and their positions locking ( Figures 5-7 ). The actuating device 50 is arranged in the first mast section 10.

Le dispositif d'actionnement 50 comprend ici :

  • un vérin linéaire 51,
  • une bielle avant 53, qui a une forme coudée et qui relie mécaniquement le vérin linéaire 51 au verrou avant 30, et
  • une bielle arrière 54, qui a une forme coudée et qui relie mécaniquement le vérin linéaire 51 au verrou arrière 40.
The actuating device 50 comprises here:
  • a linear cylinder 51,
  • a front link 53, which has a bent shape and which mechanically connects the linear cylinder 51 to the lock before 30, and
  • a rear link 54, which has a bent shape and which mechanically connects the linear cylinder 51 to the rear lock 40.

Lorsque le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 sont dans leurs positions de verrouillage respectives (figures 5-7), le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 immobilisent le premier tronçon de mât 10 par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât 20.When the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are in their respective locking positions ( Figures 5-7 ), the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 immobilize the first mast section 10 with respect to the second mast section 20.

Lorsque le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 sont dans leurs positions de libération respectives (figure 4), le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40 libèrent le premier tronçon de mât 10 par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât 20.When the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 are in their respective release positions ( figure 4 ), the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40 release the first mast section 10 with respect to the second mast section 20.

Le verrou avant 30, le verrou arrière 40, la face avant secondaire 23 et la face arrière secondaire 24 sont configurés de sorte que le verrou avant 30 transmet, entre le premier tronçon de mât 10 et le deuxième tronçon de mât 20, seulement des efforts F30 qui sont orientés dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale Z10.The front latch 30, the rear latch 40, the secondary front face 23 and the secondary rear face 24 are configured so that the front latch 30 transmits, between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20, only forces F30 which are oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Z10.

Le verrou avant 30, le verrou arrière 40, la face avant secondaire 23 et la face arrière secondaire 24 sont ici configurés de sorte que le verrou avant 30 ne transmet pas d'effort orienté selon la direction longitudinale Z10 entre le premier tronçon de mât 10 et le deuxième tronçon de mât 20. Le verrou avant 30 ne transmet donc que des effort horizontaux F30 au deuxième tronçon de mât 20 quand la grue à tour 1 est en position de travail.The front latch 30, the rear latch 40, the secondary front face 23 and the secondary rear face 24 are here configured so that the front latch 30 does not transmit a force oriented along the longitudinal direction Z10 between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20. The front latch 30 thus transmits only horizontal forces F30 to the second mast section 20 when the tower crane 1 is in the working position.

Donc le verrou arrière 40 transmet tous les efforts F41 orientés selon la direction longitudinale Z10 (verticale) entre le premier tronçon de mât 10 et le deuxième tronçon de mât 20. Les efforts F41 sont les composantes verticales (Z10) des efforts obliques F40 transmis entre le verrou arrière 40 et le deuxième tronçon de mât 20.Therefore, the rear latch 40 transmits all the forces F41 oriented in the longitudinal direction Z10 (vertical) between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20. The forces F41 are the vertical components (Z10) of the oblique forces F40 transmitted between the rear latch 40 and the second mast section 20.

La face avant secondaire 23 comporte un support avant secondaire 23.1. La face arrière secondaire 24 comporte un support arrière secondaire 24.1. De même, la face avant primaire 13 et la face arrière primaire 14 comportent respectivement un support avant primaire 13.1 et un support arrière primaire 14.1.The secondary front face 23 comprises a secondary front support 23.1. The secondary rear face 24 has a secondary rear support 24.1. Similarly, the primary front face 13 and the rear face primary 14 respectively comprise a primary front support 13.1 and a primary rear support 14.1.

Le support avant primaire 13.1 et le support arrière secondaire 23.1 sont ici configurés de sorte que :

  • le bas du verrou avant 30 en position de verrouillage est distant du support avant secondaire 23.1, et
  • le verrou arrière 40 en position de verrouillage est en appui contre le support arrière secondaire 24.1.
The primary front support 13.1 and the secondary rear support 23.1 are here configured so that:
  • the bottom of the front latch 30 in the locked position is remote from the secondary front support 23.1, and
  • the rear latch 40 in the locking position bears against the secondary rear support 24.1.

Comme le verrou avant 30 ne touche pas le support avant secondaire 23.1, le verrou avant 30 ne transmet pas d'efforts verticaux au deuxième tronçon de mât 20. Donc le support avant secondaire 23.1 et le support arrière secondaire 24.1 coopèrent respectivement avec le verrou avant 30 et avec le verrou arrière 40 de sorte que le verrou avant 30 transmet seulement des efforts F30 qui sont orientés dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale Z10 (plan horizontal).Since the front latch 30 does not touch the secondary front support 23.1, the front latch 30 does not transmit vertical forces to the second mast section 20. Thus the secondary front support 23.1 and the secondary rear support 24.1 cooperate respectively with the front latch. 30 and with the rear latch 40 so that the front latch 30 only transmits forces F30 which are oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Z10 (horizontal plane).

Le support avant primaire 13.1 et le support arrière primaire 14.1 sont configurés pour transmettre des efforts, en particulier verticaux (Z10), entre le premier tronçon de mât 10 et, respectivement, le verrou avant 30 et le verrou arrière 40.The primary front support 13.1 and the primary rear support 14.1 are configured to transmit forces, in particular vertical (Z10), between the first mast section 10 and, respectively, the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40.

Le support avant primaire 13.1 comprend ici un pavé d'appui avant qui a une gorge semi-cylindrique. De même, le support arrière primaire 14.1 comprend un pavé d'appui arrière qui a une gorge semi-cylindrique. Ces gorges semi-cylindriques coopèrent avec les tiges avant et arrière formant les verrous avant 30 et arrière 40.The primary front support 13.1 here comprises a front support block which has a semi-cylindrical groove. Likewise, the primary rear support 14.1 comprises a rear support block which has a semi-cylindrical groove. These semi-cylindrical grooves cooperate with the front and rear rods forming the front and rear locks 40.

Par ailleurs, le support avant secondaire 23.1 a une entaille avant 23.2 qui débouche vers le haut lorsque la grue à tour 1 est en position de travail. De même, le support arrière secondaire 24.1 a une entaille arrière 24.2 qui débouche vers le haut lorsque la grue à tour 1 est en position de travail.Furthermore, the secondary front support 23.1 has a notch before 23.2 which opens up when the tower crane 1 is in the working position. Similarly, the secondary rear support 24.1 has a rear cut 24.2 which opens upwards when the tower crane 1 is in the working position.

Lorsque les verrous avant 30 et arrière 40 sont en positions de verrouillage, le verrou arrière 40 est en appui contre le bas 24.20 de l'entaille arrière 24.2 et le verrou avant 30 est distant du bas 23.20 de l'entaille avant 23.2, en raison des formes et agencements des entailles avant 23.2 et arrière 24.2. La figure 9 illustre la distance D entre le verrou avant 30 et le bas 23.20 de l'entaille avant 23.2.When the front and rear locks 40 are in the locking positions, the rear latch 40 bears against the bottom 24.20 of the rear slot 24.2 and the front latch 30 is remote from the bottom 23.20 of the front slot 23.2, due to notches and arrangements of notches before 23.2 and rear 24.2. The figure 9 illustrates the distance D between the front lock 30 and the bottom 23.20 of the front notch 23.2.

L'entaille arrière 24.2 a ici une forme évasée vers le haut. L'entaille avant 23.2 comprend : i) une portion de guidage 23.21 ayant une forme évasée vers le haut, et ii) une portion de verrouillage 23.22 ayant une forme en U ajustée au verrou avant 30. En particulier, le jeu latéral de la forme en U est minimisé de sorte que le verrou avant est en appui contre les bords de la portion de verrouillage 23.22.The rear cut 24.2 here has a flared shape upwards. The notch before 23.2 comprises: i) a guiding portion 23.21 having an upwardly flared shape, and ii) a locking portion 23.22 having a U shape adjusted to the front latch 30. In particular, the lateral play of the shape in U is minimized so that the front latch bears against the edges of the locking portion 23.22.

Le fond de l'entaille avant 23.2 est plus bas que le fond de l'entaille arrière 24.2 lorsque les verrous avant 30 et arrière 40 sont à la même altitude et dans leurs positions de verrouillage (figures 5-7).The bottom of the notch before 23.2 is lower than the bottom of the rear notch 24.2 when the front and rear locks 40 are at the same altitude and in their locking positions ( Figures 5-7 ).

Par ailleurs, la grue à tour 1 comprend en outre une première poutre de support 16 et une deuxième poutre de support 17, qui sont agencées pour transmettre respectivement i) des efforts du premier tronçon de mât 10 au verrou avant 30 et ii) des efforts du deuxième tronçon de mât 20 au verrou arrière 40.Furthermore, the tower crane 1 further comprises a first support beam 16 and a second support beam 17, which are arranged to respectively transmit i) efforts of the first mast section 10 to the latch before 30 and ii) efforts from the second mast section 20 to the rear latch 40.

En position de libération (figure 4), les bielles 53 et 54 butent respectivement contre la première poutre de support 16 et contre la deuxième poutre de support 17, ce qui limite la translation du verrou avant 30 et du verrou arrière 40. Lorsque les bielles sont en butées (figure 4), chaque bielle arrête le déplacement du verrou avant 30 ou arrière 40.In release position ( figure 4 ), the rods 53 and 54 respectively abut against the first support beam 16 and against the second support beam 17, which limits the translation of the front latch 30 and the rear latch 40. When the rods are in abutment ( figure 4 ), each connecting rod stops the movement of the front lock 30 or rear 40.

Le verrou avant 30 a un épaulement de verrou 30.5 et le logement avant 23.3 a une surface de butée avant qui bute contre l'épaulement de verrou 30.5 lorsque le verrou avant 30 est en position de verrouillage (figures 5-7). L'épaulement de verrou 30.5 évite la sortie complète des verrous avant 30 et arrière 40 lorsque le logement avant 23.3 est débouchant.The front latch 30 has a latch shoulder 30.5 and the front latch 23.3 has a forward stop surface that abuts the latch shoulder 30.5 when the front latch 30 is in the latch position ( Figures 5-7 ). The lock shoulder 30.5 prevents the complete exit of the front locks 30 and rear 40 when the front seat 23.3 is opening.

De même, le verrou arrière 30 a un épaulement de verrou 40.5 et le logement arrière 24.4 a une surface de butée arrière 28 (figure 7) qui bute contre l'épaulement de verrou 40.5 lorsque le verrou arrière 40 est en position de verrouillage (figures 5-7).Likewise, the rear latch 30 has a latch shoulder 40.5 and the rear latch 24.4 has a rear thrust surface 28 ( figure 7 ) which abuts against the latch shoulder 40.5 when the rear latch 40 is in the locked position ( Figures 5-7 ).

Par ailleurs, comme le montrent les figures 10 à 13, le premier tronçon de mât 10 comprend quatre organes d'appui primaires 18.1, deux étant situés dans une région avant et deux dans une région arrière du premier tronçon de mât 10. De même, le deuxième tronçon de mât 20 comprend quatre organes d'appui secondaires 18.2 deux étant situés dans une région avant et deux dans une région arrière du deuxième tronçon de mât 20.Moreover, as shown by Figures 10 to 13 , the first mast section 10 comprises four primary support members 18.1, two being located in a front region and two in a rear region of the first mast section 10. Similarly, the second mast section 20 comprises four secondary support 18.2 two being located in a front region and two in a rear region of the second mast section 20.

Les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 et les organes d'appui secondaires 18.2 sont liés aux faces obliques de la section octogonale. Les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 s'appuient respectivement sur les faces avant-droite, avant-gauche, arrière-droite et arrière-gauche du deuxième tronçon de mât 20. De même, les organes d'appui secondaires 18.2 s'appuient respectivement sur les faces avant-droite, avant-gauche, arrière-droite et arrière-gauche du premier tronçon de mât 10.The primary support members 18.1 and the secondary support members 18.2 are connected to the oblique faces of the octagonal section. The primary support members 18.1 respectively rest on the front-right, front-left, rear-right and rear-left sides of the second mast section 20. Similarly, the secondary support members 18.2 respectively rest on the front-right, front-left, rear-right and left-back sides of the first mast section 10.

Comme le montre la figure 3, les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 sont situés plus bas ques les organes d'appui secondaires 18.2. Les organes d'appui secondaires 18.2 sont plus près de la flèche 102, dont la charge induit un moment basculant vers l'avant.As shown in figure 3 , the primary support members 18.1 are located lower than the secondary support members 18.2. The secondary support members 18.2 are closer to the arrow 102, whose load induces a moment tilting forward.

Les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 et secondaires 12 remplissent une fonction de guidage des premier et deuxième tronçons de mât 10 et 20 pendant le dépliage et le repliage du mât télescopique 1. En effet, les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 et secondaires 18.2 guident le premier tronçon de mât 10 en coulissement par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât 20.The primary support members 18.1 and secondary 12 fulfill a guiding function of the first and second mast sections 10 and 20 during the unfolding and folding of the telescopic mast 1. In fact, the primary support members 18.1 and secondary 18.2 guide the first mast section 10 sliding relative to the second mast section 20.

Les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 et secondaires 18.2 remplissent aussi une fonction de transmission d'efforts lorsque la grue à tour 100 est en travail (mât télescopique statique). Les organes d'appui primaires 18.1 et les organes d'appui secondaires 18.2 sont configurés pour transmettre, entre le premier tronçon de mât 10 et le deuxième tronçon de mât 20, des efforts induits par des moments de flexion et par des moments de torsion générés par exemple par une charge suspendue à la flèche 102, par le poids de la flèche 102 et par un vent latéral sur la flèche 102.The primary support members 18.1 and secondary 18.2 also fulfill a force transmission function when the tower crane 100 is in operation (static telescopic mast). The primary support members 18.1 and the secondary support members 18.2 are configured to transmit, between the first mast section 10 and the second mast section 20, forces induced by bending moments and by generated torsion moments. for example by a load suspended from the boom 102, by the weight of the boom 102 and by a side wind on the boom 102.

De plus, le mât télescopique 1 comprend des organes d'appui latéraux 19 qui sont configurés pour transmettre des efforts latéraux entre les faces droites et gauche des premier 10 et deuxième tronçons de mât. Les organes d'appui latéraux 19 sont situés ici à la même altitude que les organes d'appui secondaires 18.2.In addition, the telescopic mast 1 comprises lateral support members 19 which are configured to transmit lateral forces between the right and left faces of the first 10 and second mast sections. The lateral support members 19 are located here at the same altitude as the secondary support members 18.2.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation particuliers décrits dans la présente demande de brevet, ni à des modes de réalisation à la portée de l'homme du métier. D'autres modes de réalisation peuvent être envisagés sans sortir du cadre de l'invention, à partir de tout élément équivalent à un élément indiqué dans la présente demande de brevet.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described in the present patent application, nor to embodiments within the scope of those skilled in the art. Other embodiments may be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention, from any element equivalent to an element indicated in the present patent application.

Claims (11)

Grue à tour (1), à dépliage et repliage automatique, comprenant une flèche (2) et un mât télescopique (4), le mât télescopique (4) comprenant au moins un premier tronçon de mât (10) et un deuxième tronçon de mât (20) configurés de sorte que le premier tronçon de mât (10) peut coulisser dans le deuxième tronçon de mât (20) selon une direction longitudinale (Z10),
le premier tronçon de mât (10) ayant au moins : deux faces latérales primaires (11, 12), une face avant primaire (13) et une face arrière primaire (14), la face avant primaire (13) étant orientée vers la flèche (2) lorsque la grue à tour (1) est en position de travail, la face arrière primaire (14) étant opposée à la face avant primaire (13),
le deuxième tronçon de mât (20) ayant au moins : deux faces latérales secondaires (21, 22), une face avant secondaire (23) et une face arrière secondaire (24), la face avant secondaire (23) étant orientée vers la flèche (2) lorsque la grue à tour (1) est en position de travail, la face arrière secondaire (24) étant opposée à la face avant secondaire (23),
la grue à tour (1) étant caractérisée en ce que : le mât télescopique (4) comprend en outre un verrou avant (30) et un verrou arrière (40) qui sont mobiles au moins en translation orthogonalement à la direction longitudinale (Z10) et respectivement entre : - des positions de verrouillage, où le verrou avant (30) coopère avec les faces avant primaire (13) et secondaire (23), et où le verrou arrière (40) coopère avec les faces arrière primaire (14) et secondaire (24), de façon à immobiliser le premier tronçon de mât (10) par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât (20), et - des positions de libération, où le verrou avant (30) et le verrou arrière (40) libèrent le premier tronçon de mât (10) par rapport au deuxième tronçon de mât (20), le mât télescopique (4) comprend en outre un dispositif d'actionnement (50) configuré pour déplacer le verrou avant (30) et le verrou arrière (40) entre leurs positions de libération et leurs positions de verrouillage, le dispositif d'actionnement (50) étant agencé dans le premier tronçon de mât (10), le verrou avant (30), le verrou arrière (40), la face avant secondaire (23) et la face arrière secondaire (24) étant configurés de sorte que le verrou avant (30) transmet, entre le premier tronçon de mât (10) et le deuxième tronçon de mât (20), seulement des efforts orientés dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (Z10). Automatic tower crane (1), folding and folding, comprising an arrow (2) and a telescopic mast (4), the telescopic mast (4) comprising at least a first mast section (10) and a second mast section (20) configured so that the first mast section (10) is slidable in the second mast section (20) in a longitudinal direction (Z10),
the first mast section (10) having at least: two primary lateral faces (11, 12), a primary front face (13) and a primary rear face (14), the primary front face (13) facing towards the arrow (2) when the tower crane (1) is in the working position, the primary rear face (14) being opposed to the primary front face (13),
the second mast section (20) having at least: two secondary lateral faces (21, 22), a secondary front face (23) and a secondary rear face (24), the secondary front face (23) being directed towards the arrow (2) when the tower crane (1) is in the working position, the secondary rear face (24) being opposed to the secondary front face (23),
the tower crane (1) being characterized in that : the telescopic mast (4) further comprises a front latch (30) and a rear latch (40) which are movable at least in translation orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Z10) and respectively between: locking positions, in which the front lock (30) cooperates with the primary (13) and secondary (23) front faces, and wherein the rear lock (40) cooperates with the primary (14) and secondary (24) rear faces (24). , so as to immobilize the first mast section (10) with respect to the second mast section (20), and release positions, wherein the front lock (30) and the rear lock (40) release the first mast section (10) with respect to the second mast section (20), the telescopic mast (4) further comprises an actuating device (50) configured to move the front latch (30) and the rear latch (40) between their release positions and their locking positions, the actuator ( 50) being arranged in the first mast section (10), the front latch (30), the rear latch (40), the secondary front face (23) and the secondary rear face (24) being configured so that the front latch (30) transmits between the first mast section (10); ) and the second mast section (20), only efforts oriented in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (Z10). Grue à tour (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle la face avant secondaire (23) et la face arrière secondaire (24) comportent respectivement un support avant secondaire (23.1) et un support arrière secondaire (24.1), le support avant secondaire (23.1) et le support arrière secondaire (24.1) étant configurés de sorte que : - le bas du verrou avant (30) en position de verrouillage est distant du support avant secondaire (23.1), et - le verrou arrière (40) en position de verrouillage est en appui contre le support arrière secondaire (24.1). Tower crane (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the secondary front face (23) and the secondary rear face (24) respectively comprise a secondary front support (23.1) and a secondary rear support (24.1), the secondary front support (23.1) and the secondary backing (24.1) being configured so that: the bottom of the front latch (30) in the locked position is remote from the secondary front support (23.1), and - The rear latch (40) in the locking position bears against the secondary rear support (24.1). Grue à tour (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle le support avant secondaire (23.1) a une entaille avant (23.2) qui débouche vers le haut lorsque la grue à tour (1) est en position de travail, le support arrière secondaire (24.1) ayant une entaille arrière (24.2) qui débouche vers le haut lorsque la grue à tour (1) est en position de travail, l'entaille avant (23.2) et l'entaille arrière (24.2) étant configurées de sorte que le verrou arrière (40) est en appui contre le bas (24.20) de l'entaille arrière (24.2) et que le verrou avant (30) est distant du bas (23.20) de l'entaille avant (23.2), lorsque le verrou avant (30) et le verrou arrière (40) sont dans leurs positions de verrouillage.Tower crane (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the secondary front support (23.1) has a front notch (23.2) which opens up when the tower crane (1) is in the working position, the secondary rear support (24.1) having a rear cut (24.2) which opens upwards when the tower crane (1) is in the working position, the front cut (23.2) and the rear cut (24.2) being configured so that the rear latch (40) bears against the bottom (24.20) of the rear cut (24.2) and that the front latch (30) is remote from the bottom (23.20) of the front cut (23.2) when the front latch (30) and the rear latch (40) are in their locking positions. Grue à tour (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle l'entaille arrière (24.2) a une forme évasée vers le haut, et dans laquelle l'entaille avant (23.2) comprend i) une portion de guidage (23.21) ayant une forme évasée vers le haut et ii) une portion de verrouillage (23.22) ayant une forme en U ajustée au verrou avant (30).Tower crane (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the rear cut (24.2) has an upwardly flared shape, and wherein the front cut (23.2) comprises i) a guiding portion (23.21) having a flared shape upwards; and ii) a locking portion (23.22) having a U shape fitted to the front latch (30). Grue à tour (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le verrou avant (30) comprend une tige avant (31), dans laquelle le verrou arrière (40) comprend une tige arrière (41), la tige avant (31) et tige arrière (41) ayant des dimensions transversales sensiblement égales.A tower crane (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the front latch (30) comprises a forward rod (31), wherein the rear latch (40) comprises a rear rod (41), the rod front (31) and rear shank (41) having substantially equal transverse dimensions. Grue à tour (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans laquelle les parties latérales droite et gauche du premier tronçon de mât (10) sont symétriques par rapport à un plan de symétrie (P10) qui s'étend selon la direction longitudinale (Z10) et qui est parallèle au plan d'extension (P2) de la flèche (2), l'axe (X31) de la tige avant (31) et l'axe (X41) de la tige arrière (41) s'étendant dans ledit plan de symétrie (P10).Tower crane (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the right and left side portions of the first mast section (10) are symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry (P10) extending in the longitudinal direction (Z10) and which is parallel to the plane of extension (P2) of the boom (2), the axis (X31) of the front shaft (31) and the axis (X41) of the rear shaft (41) extending into said plane of symmetry (P10). Grue à tour (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le verrou avant (30) est mobile selon une première direction de verrouillage (X30), dans laquelle le verrou arrière (40) est mobile selon une deuxième direction de verrouillage (X40), la première direction de verrouillage (X30) et la deuxième direction de verrouillage (X40) étant parallèles ou colinéaires.Tower crane (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the front latch (30) is movable in a first locking direction (X30), wherein the rear latch (40) is movable in a second direction of rotation. locking (X40), the first locking direction (X30) and the second locking direction (X40) being parallel or collinear. Grue à tour (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le dispositif d'actionnement (50) comprend au moins : - un vérin linéaire (51), - une bielle avant (53) reliant mécaniquement l'au moins un vérin linéaire (51) au verrou avant (30), et - une bielle arrière (54) reliant mécaniquement l'au moins un vérin linéaire (51) au verrou arrière (40). Tower crane (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (50) comprises at least: a linear cylinder (51), a front connecting rod (53) mechanically connecting the at least one linear jack (51) to the front lock (30), and - A rear link (54) mechanically connecting the at least one linear cylinder (51) to the rear latch (40). Grue à tour (1) selon la revendication précédente, comprenant en outre : - une première poutre de support (16) agencée pour transmettre des efforts du premier tronçon de mât (10) au verrou avant (30), - une deuxième poutre de support (17) agencée pour transmettre des efforts du deuxième tronçon de mât (20) au verrou arrière (40),
et dans laquelle, en position de libération, les bielles (53, 54) butent respectivement contre la première poutre de support (16) et contre la deuxième poutre de support (17), de façon à limiter la translation du verrou avant (30) et du verrou arrière (40). Tower crane (1) according to the preceding claim, further comprising: a first support beam (16) arranged to transmit forces from the first mast section (10) to the front latch (30), a second support beam (17) arranged to transmit forces from the second mast section (20) to the rear latch (40),
and in which, in the release position, the connecting rods (53, 54) respectively abut against the first support beam (16) and against the second support beam (17), so as to limit the translation of the front lock (30). and the rear latch (40). Grue à tour (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le verrou avant (30) a un épaulement de verrou (30.5), et un logement avant a une surface de butée avant configurée pour buter contre l'épaulement de verrou (30.5) lorsque le verrou avant (30) est en position de verrouillage.A tower crane (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the front latch (30) has a latch shoulder (30.5), and a front housing has a forward thrust surface configured to abut the shoulder of lock (30.5) when the front latch (30) is in the lock position. Grue à tour (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le verrou avant (30) et le verrou arrière (40) s'étendent majoritairement dans le premier tronçon de mât (10) en position de libération.Tower crane (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the front latch (30) and the rear latch (40) extend mainly in the first mast section (10) in the release position.
EP16201219.9A 2015-12-23 2016-11-29 Tower crane comprising telescopic mast Active EP3184480B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1563221A FR3046150B1 (en) 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 TOWER CRANE COMPRISING A TELESCOPIC MAT

Publications (2)

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EP3184480A1 true EP3184480A1 (en) 2017-06-28
EP3184480B1 EP3184480B1 (en) 2018-04-25

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EP16201219.9A Active EP3184480B1 (en) 2015-12-23 2016-11-29 Tower crane comprising telescopic mast

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EP (1) EP3184480B1 (en)
CN (1) CN106927374B (en)
FR (1) FR3046150B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111392610A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-07-10 中建八局第二建设有限公司 Built-in novel support frame, novel full-automatic climbing system and climbing method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1328991A (en) * 1962-04-24 1963-06-07 Potain & Cie Ets F Improvements to locking devices for telescopic masts
EP0855361A1 (en) 1996-12-23 1998-07-29 Potain Telescopic mast for a tower crane
CN101537979A (en) * 2009-04-14 2009-09-23 三一汽车制造有限公司 Locking pin insertion and extraction device and crane with same
US20150128735A1 (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-14 Terex Cranes Germany Gmbh Drive for a sliding connecting member of a locking system of a telescopic system of a crane jib

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1328991A (en) * 1962-04-24 1963-06-07 Potain & Cie Ets F Improvements to locking devices for telescopic masts
EP0855361A1 (en) 1996-12-23 1998-07-29 Potain Telescopic mast for a tower crane
CN101537979A (en) * 2009-04-14 2009-09-23 三一汽车制造有限公司 Locking pin insertion and extraction device and crane with same
US20150128735A1 (en) * 2013-11-11 2015-05-14 Terex Cranes Germany Gmbh Drive for a sliding connecting member of a locking system of a telescopic system of a crane jib

Also Published As

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FR3046150A1 (en) 2017-06-30
CN106927374B (en) 2019-12-03
FR3046150B1 (en) 2017-12-29
EP3184480B1 (en) 2018-04-25
CN106927374A (en) 2017-07-07

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