EP3181249B1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à déformer une pièce à usiner par extrusion - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à déformer une pièce à usiner par extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3181249B1
EP3181249B1 EP15200103.8A EP15200103A EP3181249B1 EP 3181249 B1 EP3181249 B1 EP 3181249B1 EP 15200103 A EP15200103 A EP 15200103A EP 3181249 B1 EP3181249 B1 EP 3181249B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
forming
magnitude
another
feed force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15200103.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3181249A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Michi
Serjosha Heinrichs
Rudolf PIXA
Dennis Beihofer
Michael Dr. MARRÉ
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Felss Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Felss Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Felss Systems GmbH filed Critical Felss Systems GmbH
Priority to EP15200103.8A priority Critical patent/EP3181249B1/fr
Priority to HUE15200103A priority patent/HUE036205T2/hu
Priority to PL15200103T priority patent/PL3181249T3/pl
Priority to ES15200103.8T priority patent/ES2668349T3/es
Publication of EP3181249A1 publication Critical patent/EP3181249A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3181249B1 publication Critical patent/EP3181249B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/004—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion using vibratory energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/18—Making uncoated products by impact extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a workpiece by extrusion, in particular cold extrusion, in the context of a forming tool and a workpiece to be formed by forming the workpiece with a Umformhub over a Umformfar be moved against each other, wherein for forming the workpiece, the forming tool and the workpiece with a Feed force against each other are acted upon and wherein the forming tool and the workpiece over a part of the Umformcken (forming part length) executed part of Umformhubs (forming partial stroke) are moved away from each other with a return stroke over a gearhubudi and wherein after a return stroke, the forming tool and the workpiece with a further forming partial stroke over a further forming part length are moved against each other.
  • the invention relates to a machining program for operating a device of the latter type.
  • a workpiece to be formed and a forming die seated on the workpiece are moved against each other along a feed axis. Due to the associated action on the workpiece by the forming die, the material of the workpiece begins to flow, and in the course of a relative movement of the forming die and the workpiece carried out along the feed axis, the workpiece is reshaped by the forming die. The relative movement of the forming die and the workpiece is carried out as a non-uniform movement.
  • a frequency generating device causes the forming die and the workpiece to move alternately toward and away from each other until the workpiece is formed over a forming length to be machined.
  • this object is achieved by the method according to claim 1 and the device according to claim 6, wherein for carrying out the method according to claim 1 and for operating the device according to claim 6 preferably the machining program according to claim 7 is used.
  • a forming tool exerts a compressive force on a workpiece to be formed which is dimensioned such that the yield point of the material of the workpiece is exceeded.
  • the forming tool and the workpiece to be formed are acted upon with a feed force against each other.
  • the forming tool and the workpiece are moved while forming the workpiece by the forming tool with a forming stroke against each other.
  • the forming stroke executed under the action of the feed force alone the forming tool is moved relative to the workpiece to be reshaped or only the workpiece to be reshaped relative to the forming tool or both the forming tool and the workpiece to be reshaped.
  • the amount of pressure to be exerted by the forming tool on the workpiece and thus also the feed force to be applied decrease as soon as the material of the workpiece begins to flow.
  • the amount of the feed force, due to which adjusts the required for forming the workpiece relative movement of forming tool and workpiece must be increased.
  • Conceivable causes of the need to increase the feed force during the relative movement of forming tool and workpiece are the gradual degradation of a lubricant film that has been generated between the forming tool and the workpiece to be formed by applying lubricant at the beginning of Umformhubs and / or solidification of the Flowed material.
  • the increase in the feed force to be applied for forming the workpiece accordingly indicates an increase in the friction occurring as a result of the relative movement of the forming tool and the workpiece.
  • workpieces made of metal, for example steel are processed according to the invention.
  • the forming tool and not yet finished machined workpiece are moved away from each other with a return stroke over a rinse hubbone.
  • the gap lubricant can be applied again, which ensures at the subsequent subsequent to the return stroke partial forming partial stroke for a relatively low friction between the forming tool and the workpiece to be formed. In this way, if necessary, is moved so long until the workpiece is processed over the entire Umforminate.
  • a minimum wear of the forming tool and a maximum machining quality of the formed workpiece with minimal total length of the path are achieved according to the invention, via which the forming tool and the workpiece to be formed must be moved relative to each other until the completion of the forming process.
  • a minimization of the amount of the relative movement to be performed by the forming tool and the workpiece to be formed until the end of the forming process reduces wear.
  • minimizing the total length of the path to be traveled by the forming tool and the workpiece relative to one another causes a temporal optimization of the individual forming process and thus, if appropriate, a minimization of the cycle time of the higher-level production process.
  • the limit value for the amount of feed force with which the forming tool and the workpiece are subjected to deformation of the workpiece relative to each other, defined with respect to that amount of feed force at which a flow of the material of the workpiece under the Effect of applied to the forming tool and / or the workpiece feed force begins (claim 2).
  • the amount of the force exerted on the forming tool and / or the workpiece feed force, in which a flow of the material of the machined workpiece begins, can be calculated by taking into account the relevant parameters, in particular the relevant material parameters are determined.
  • a variant of the method according to the invention is characterized in the case of which the amount of feed force is used to define the limit for the amount of force exerted on the forming tool and / or the workpiece under forming of the workpiece feed force, the was previously measured at the onset of flow of the material of the workpiece (claim 3).
  • a basis representative of the specific processing case is obtained for the definition of the limit value for the amount of feed force.
  • machine-related process discontinuities and scatters are recorded and compensated. All in all, the method according to the invention acquires a self-learning character.
  • the amount of the feed force at which a flow of the material of the workpiece to be formed begins in a specific processing case is influenced, for example, by the state of wear of the forming tool and / or by the state of the tool and workpiece surfaces in contact with one another.
  • the forming die 2 On a piston rod 14 of the piston 13 outside the cylinder 12, the forming die 2 is mounted, wherein the connection between the piston rod 14 and the forming die 2 is made via a rigid coupling 15.
  • the force measuring device 16 includes force sensors of conventional design.
  • a lubricant supply 21 is indicated.
  • the lubricant supply 21 is connected to the forming die 2 and together with this along the movement axis 4 movable.
  • the shaping teeth 8 of the forming die 2 run with the ends of their teeth leading in the feed direction 22 onto the end face of the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 on.
  • axial feed force of the shaft blank 5 is pressurized by the forming die 2 in the feed direction 22.
  • the amount of the feed force exerted on the forming die 2 is measured by the force measuring device 16 of the numerical control device 20 and supplied to the evaluation unit 17 of the numerical control device 20.
  • the amount of the feed force, which is exerted by the forming drive 3 on the voltage applied to the end face of the shaft end 7 Umformmatrize 2, increases until the material of the shaft blank 5 begins to flow under the action of the force exerted by the forming die 2 on the shaft end 7 compressive force ,
  • the onset of the material flow manifests itself in a sudden decrease in the resistance which the shaft blank 5 opposes to the forming die 2 subjected to force in the feed direction 22 and thus also in a sudden decrease in the feed force exerted on the forming die 2.
  • the evaluation unit 17, which are fed continuously measured by the force measuring device 16 amounts of feed force the amount of the force exerted by the forming drive 3 on the forming die 2 feed force, in which in the specific case of processing a flow of the Material of the shaft blank 5 is used.
  • the evaluation unit 17 defines a limit value for the amount of the force exerted by the forming drive 3 by forming the shaft blank 5 on the forming die 2 feed force, this limit is dimensioned in the present case so that it is slightly below the amount of the Forming drive 3 at the onset of the flow of material to the forming die 2 exerted feed force.
  • the defined by the evaluation unit 17 limit value for the amount of force exerted by the forming drive 3 with forming the shaft blank 5 on the forming die 2 feed force is stored in the comparison unit 18 of the numerical control device 20.
  • the forming die 2 moves driven by the forming drive 3 while forming the shaft blank 5 at the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 along in the feed direction 22nd Lubricant, which has been applied by the lubricant supply 21 to the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 before the start of the forming of the forming die 2 by forming the shaft blank 5 forms between the forming teeth 8 of the forming die 2 and the surface of the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank fifth a lubricating film.
  • the lubricating film provides a reduction in the friction between the teeth of the forming toothing 8 of the forming die 2 on the one hand and the area of the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 which is formed by the teeth of the shaping toothing 8 on the other hand. Due to the progress of movement of the forming die 2, the lubricating film between the shaping teeth 8 of the forming die 2 and the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 is gradually reduced and the movement of the forming die 2 relative to the shaft blank 5 is opposed by an increasing resistance to friction. To overcome the resistance to movement of the forming drive 3 exerts in the feed direction 22 a magnitude increasing feed force to the forming die 2.
  • the momentary amount of the feed force exerted on the forming die 2 is measured continuously by means of the force measuring device 16.
  • the measured values obtained are continuously compared in the comparison unit 18 with the previously defined limit value for the amount of the feed force exerted on the forming die 2.
  • the forming die 2 Due to the return stroke of the forming die 2, which is carried out after a forming partial stroke, a previously formed longitudinal section of the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 for the application of lubricant through the lubricant supply 21 is accessible.
  • the forming die 2 After applying lubricant to the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5, the forming die 2 is moved by means of the Umformantriebs 3 from the retracted position back in the feed direction 22 until the leading in the feed direction 22 longitudinal ends of the teeth provided on the forming die 2 forming toothing 8 accumulate the still unprocessed part of the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5.
  • the forming drive 3 on the forming die 2 feed force again the material of the shaft blank 5 is made to flow.
  • the amount of feed force exerted on the forming die 2 upon re-onset of flow of the material of the shaft blank 5 is measured by the force measuring device 16 and serves in the evaluation unit 17 of the numerical control device 20 as the basis for the redefinition of a subsequently deposited in the comparison unit 18 Limit value for the amount of feed force exerted on the forming die 2 by forming the shaft blank 5.
  • a further forming partial lift of the forming die 2 follows relative to the shaft blank 5. Also during the further forming partial stroke, the amount of the force exerted by the forming drive 3 on the forming die 2 feed force is determined by the force-measuring device 16 and compared in the comparison unit 18 with the previously defined limit. If the measured amount of the feed force reaches the previously defined limit value, then the forming drive 3 is again actuated by the control unit 19 of the numerical control device 20 in the sense of a return stroke the forming die 2 driven before another forming partial stroke is executed. In this way is moved until the shaft end 7 of the shaft blank 5 is machined over the entire Umform conference.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of the time course of the force exerted by the forming drive 3 on the forming die 2 feed force during a forming partial stroke of a forming process, in the course of which the forming die 2 performs several forming partial strokes and each between the forming part strokes a return stroke until the shaft end. 7 the respective shaft blank 5 is provided over its entire length with the desired external toothing.
  • a limit for the amount of the forming drive 3 defined by forming the shaft blank 5 on the forming die 2 applied feed force which is slightly smaller than the amount of feed force at the onset of material flow in point III.
  • the defined limit value for the amount of the feed force exerted by the forming drive 3 while forming the shaft blank 5 on the forming die 2 is stored in the comparison unit 18 of the numerical control device 20.
  • the force exerted on the forming die 2 feed force initially decreases significantly.
  • the forming die 2 moves along the shaft end 7 along this.
  • the lubricating film formed by the lubricant previously applied to the shaft end 7 between the shaping toothing 8 of the forming die 2 moving in the feed direction 22 on the one hand and the shaft end 7 on the other hand gradually degrades along with the progressive movement of the forming die 2 along the shaft end 7.
  • the degradation of the lubricating film is accompanied by an increase in the force exerted by the forming drive 3 on the forming die 2 feed force.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de formage d'une pièce (5) par extrusion, en particulier une extrusion à froid, dans le cadre duquel procédé un outil de formage (2) et une pièce à former (5) sont déplacés l'un vers l'autre en formant la pièce (5) avec une course de formage sur une longueur de formage, l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5), pour le formage de la pièce (5), étant sollicités l'un contre l'autre avec une force d'avance et l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5), après une partie de la course de formage, que l'on appelle une course partielle de formage, réalisée sur une partie de la longueur de formage, que l'on appelle une longueur partielle de formage, pouvant être déplacés à l'écart l'un de l'autre avec une course de retour sur une longueur de course de retour, et après une course de retour, l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) étant déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre avec une course partielle de formage supplémentaire sur une longueur partielle de formage supplémentaire,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5) est mesurée,
    - une valeur limite est définie pour la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5) et
    - une course de retour est effectuée si la valeur mesurée de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5) atteint ou dépasse la valeur limite définie lors d'une course partielle de formage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la valeur limite pour la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5) est définie en fonction de la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre, à laquelle valeur un fluage du matériau de la pièce (5) se produit sous l'effet de la force d'avance exercée par l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) l'un sur l'autre.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la valeur limite de la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5), est définie en fonction de la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre, laquelle valeur a été mesurée avant lors de l'établissement du fluage du matériau de la pièce (5).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la valeur limite de la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5) est définie comme une valeur qui correspond à la valeur de la force d'avance à laquelle valeur un fluage du matériau de la pièce (5) s'établit ou qui est inférieure à cette valeur de la force d'avance.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la valeur limite pour la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre lors du formage de la pièce (5) est définie de manière variable sur la longueur du formage.
  6. Dispositif de formage d'une pièce (5) par extrusion, en particulier par extrusion à froid,
    - avec un outil de formage (2) et
    - avec un entraînement de formage motorisé (3) pouvant être commandé par un dispositif de commande (20) de préférence numérique, au moyen duquel entraînement de formage motorisé (3) l'outil de formage (2) et une pièce (5) à former sont déplacés l'un vers l'autre avec une course de formage lors du formage de la pièce (5) sur une longueur de formage et peuvent être déplacés à l'écart l'un de l'autre avec une course de retour sur une longueur de course de retour, l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) pouvant être sollicités l'un contre l'autre au moyen de l'entrâinement de formage (3) lors du formage de la pièce (5) avec une force d'avance,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de commande (20) pour l'entraînement de formage (3) présente :
    - un dispositif de mesure de force (16) au moyen duquel on peut mesurer la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre au moyen de l'entraînement de formage (3) lors du formage de la pièce (5),
    - une unité de comparaison (18), au moyen de laquelle la valeur de la force d'avance, mesurée par le dispositif de mesure de force (16), avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre au moyen de l'entraînement de formage (3) lors du formage de la pièce (5) peut être comparée avec une valeur limite définie pour la valeur de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre au moyen de l'entraînement de formage (3) lors du formage de la pièce (5), et
    - une unité de commande (19) au moyen de laquelle, une fois que la valeur limite définie est atteinte ou dépassée par la valeur mesurée de la force d'avance avec laquelle l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) sont sollicités l'un contre l'autre au moyen de l'entraînement de formage (3) lors du formage de la pièce (5), l'entraînement de formage motorisé (3) peut être commandé de telle sorte que l'entraînement de formage (3), après une partie de la course de formage, que l'on appelle course partielle de formage, effectuée sur une partie de la longueur de formage, que l'on appelle longueur partielle de formage, déplace l'outil de formage (2) et la pièce (5) l'un par rapport à l'autre avec une course de retour sur une longueur de retour.
  7. Programme d'usinage pour faire fonctionner le dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le programme d'usinage comprend des ordres de commande pour le dispositif selon la revendication 6, qui permettent de mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 lorsque le programme d'usinage est exécuté sur un dispositif de commande numérique (20) du dispositif selon la revendication 6.
EP15200103.8A 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Procédé et dispositif destinés à déformer une pièce à usiner par extrusion Active EP3181249B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15200103.8A EP3181249B1 (fr) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Procédé et dispositif destinés à déformer une pièce à usiner par extrusion
HUE15200103A HUE036205T2 (hu) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Eljárás és berendezés munkadarab folyatósajtolással alakítására
PL15200103T PL3181249T3 (pl) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Sposób i urządzenie do obróbki plastycznej przedmiotu w drodze wyciskania
ES15200103.8T ES2668349T3 (es) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Procedimiento y dispositivo para el conformado de una pieza de trabajo por medio de extrusión

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15200103.8A EP3181249B1 (fr) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Procédé et dispositif destinés à déformer une pièce à usiner par extrusion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3181249A1 EP3181249A1 (fr) 2017-06-21
EP3181249B1 true EP3181249B1 (fr) 2018-02-07

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EP15200103.8A Active EP3181249B1 (fr) 2015-12-15 2015-12-15 Procédé et dispositif destinés à déformer une pièce à usiner par extrusion

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EP (1) EP3181249B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2668349T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE036205T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3181249T3 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111804918B (zh) * 2020-07-21 2022-04-12 西华大学 一种粉末冶金零件及其制备方法
CN112474851A (zh) * 2020-11-04 2021-03-12 攀钢集团攀枝花钛材有限公司江油分公司 一种不对称截面钛合金tc4异型材的制备方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3585832A (en) * 1968-06-14 1971-06-22 Battelle Development Corp Metal working
DE19735486C2 (de) 1997-08-16 2000-07-20 Felss Geb Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kaltverformen von Werkstücken
ATE454228T1 (de) * 2006-08-07 2010-01-15 Felss Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum umformen eines werkstücks

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3181249A1 (fr) 2017-06-21
PL3181249T3 (pl) 2018-07-31
HUE036205T2 (hu) 2018-06-28
ES2668349T3 (es) 2018-05-17

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