EP3174655A1 - Détermination au moyen d'une caméra de la rugosité de composants fabriqués de manière générative - Google Patents

Détermination au moyen d'une caméra de la rugosité de composants fabriqués de manière générative

Info

Publication number
EP3174655A1
EP3174655A1 EP15744471.2A EP15744471A EP3174655A1 EP 3174655 A1 EP3174655 A1 EP 3174655A1 EP 15744471 A EP15744471 A EP 15744471A EP 3174655 A1 EP3174655 A1 EP 3174655A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contour
layer
camera
roughness
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15744471.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Hess
Georg SCHLICK
Alexander Ladewig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines AG filed Critical MTU Aero Engines AG
Publication of EP3174655A1 publication Critical patent/EP3174655A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for the generative production of components by layerwise joining of powder particles to one another and / or with an already produced semi - finished product or substrate by selective interaction of the powder particles with a high - energy beam, in particular a method for selective laser or electron beam melting.
  • Generative manufacturing processes for producing a component such as, for example, selective laser melting, selective electron beam melting or laser deposition welding, in which the component is built up in layers using powder material, are used in industry for so-called rapid tooling, rapid prototyping or also for the production of series products used in the context of rapid manufacturing.
  • such methods can also be used for the production of turbine parts, in particular of parts for aircraft engines, in which, for example, due to the material used, such generative production methods are advantageous.
  • An example of this can be found in DE 10 2010 050 531 AI.
  • WO 2012/100 766 A1 proposes establishing optical and thermal monitoring of the deposited layers in order to enable direct and continuous process monitoring of the generative production.
  • the deposited layer is in a top view is detected and the properties on the top are determined and evaluated for monitoring.
  • the monitoring proposed there does not allow complete abandonment of a component test after production of the component.
  • components manufactured in which the surface finish is important are still subjected to a roughness measurement to determine the surface roughness. This is usually done with a tactile measurement, which is time consuming and difficult for certain surfaces of the component to perform or impossible.
  • the invention proposes to detect the roughness of surfaces of the component to be manufactured by means of the detection of the contour of the individual deposited layers, so that a downstream measurement of the roughness on the surfaces of the component can be avoided.
  • This also has the advantage that the further deposition process can be adapted directly to the detected values in order to avoid reworking or impermissible roughness values.
  • roughness values of surfaces can be detected with the method according to the invention, which are no longer or only with difficulty accessible after completion of the component, such as surfaces of cavities.
  • a deposited layer which is also referred to as generated layer, detected by a high-resolution camera and the contour of the ask- determined different layer. From the contour of the deposited layer, the roughness of the transversely to the layer plane of the deposited layer extending surface of the manufactured component can be determined.
  • contour is to be understood as the boundary surface of the layer produced compared to the non-solidified powder of the layer order.
  • the contour thus represents a surface which, however, due to the limited thickness of the deposited layer in plan view, can be considered as a contour line.
  • the width of the contour or the contour line results from the distance between the boundary line of the generated layer at the top of the layer and at the bottom of the layer in plan view.
  • the method can be used in particular in selective laser beam melting or in selective electron beam melting, so that laser beams or electron beams can be used as high-energy beams.
  • the resolution of the high-resolution camera with which images of the deposited layers can be recorded in order to evaluate the images with regard to the contour of the layer produced can be a resolution in the range of the diameter or the maximum extent of the impact area of the high-energy beam on the powder or a fraction thereof, such as half or one third of the diameter or the maximum extent of the impingement.
  • the roughness of a surface of the generatively produced component can be determined from the comparison of the desired profile and the actual profile of the contour or the contour line and / or from the shadow cast of the contour and / or the width of the contour and / or the sharpness of the contour ,
  • Differences in thickness of the layer ie differences in the extent of the layer in the direction transverse to the layer plane in the region of the contour, which also allow conclusions to be drawn about the roughness of the surfaces produced, can be determined from the shadow cast of the contour.
  • a height profile of the generated layer in the region of the contour which can be obtained in another way from the image information, also for determining the Roughness are used.
  • the shadow gives hints on the orientation of the contour, so the running perpendicular to the layer plane boundary surface of the layer, which also causes the roughness of the surface.
  • the determination of the width of the contour line which represents the distance of the upper boundary line on the upper side of the layer and the lower boundary line on the underside of the layer in plan view, can also serve this purpose.
  • the sharpness of the contour line which is a measure of the exact determination of the boundary lines or the possible error of the determination of the position of the boundary lines of the generated layer, can also allow conclusions about the roughness of the surface.
  • the recorded values can also be subjected to further processing. For example, from the measured values of the profile of the contour line, an averaged contour line can be determined, which is used as the basis for determining the roughness.
  • the evaluation of the images of the deposited layers can be carried out automatically in an evaluation unit, which can be implemented, for example, by a computer-technically suitably equipped data processing system.
  • multiple shots can be taken with the high-resolution camera, in particular from different perspectives and / or with different illumination.
  • an evaluation unit can automatically provide the evaluation result to a control and / or regulating device, so that the control and / or regulating device can control or regulate the device with the evaluation result.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic representation of a device for the generative production of components using the example of selective laser melting with a camera for determining roughness
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of a top view of the powder bed or the component receptacle of a device from FIG. 1 with a generated layer
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of a top view of the powder bed or the component receptacle of a device from FIG. 1 with a generated layer
  • Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view through a generated layer in the region of the contour.
  • the device 1 shows in a purely schematic representation of a device 1, as they can be used for example for the selective laser melting for the generative production of a component.
  • the device 1 comprises a lifting table 2, on the platform of which a semi-finished product 3 is arranged, on which layer-by-layer material is deposited in order to produce a three-dimensional component.
  • a lifting table 9 in a powder supply 10
  • the slider 8 powder which is located above a lifting table 9 in a powder supply 10
  • the lifting table 2 is lowered according to the movement possibility indicated by the double arrow in order to be able to apply a new powder layer with the slide 8.
  • connection of the powder material in a powder layer 5 with the semifinished product 3 is effected by the laser 4 depending on the desired shape of the component to be manufactured, so that any three-dimensional shapes can be produced.
  • the laser beam 13 is guided over the powder bed 12 to melt by different impact points on the powder bed according to the desired shape of the three-dimensional component in the powder layer plane corresponding cutting plane of the component to be produced powder material and with the already generated part of a component or initially provided Substrate too connect.
  • the laser beam 13 can be guided by a suitable deflection unit over the surface of the powder bed 12 and / or the powder bed could be moved relative to the laser beam 13.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the powder bed 12 or the processing area of the device from FIG. 1, in which a generated layer 14 is shown.
  • the layer 14 produced is a ring with an outer contour 15 and an inner contour 16. This means that the component to be manufactured after completion will have a cavity bounded by the inner contour 16.
  • the outer contour 15 and the inner contour 16 with surfaces corresponding to the thickness of the produced layer 14 extending transversely to the layer plane surfaces of the finished component, so that the roughness of the surfaces through the course the corresponding contour, ie the outer contour 15 and the inner contour 16 is determined.
  • the contour 17 of the produced layer 14 thus, as shown in Fig. 3, represents a shape which delimits the area of the formed layer 14, both laterally in a direction parallel to the layer plane and between the top and the bottom of the produced one Layer. Accordingly, a contour line 20 can be defined, which represents the boundary line of the generated layer in a plan view.
  • the width 21 of the contour line results from the distance between the boundary lines 18, 19 of the layer produced at the top side and the bottom side of the layer produced in plan view.
  • the roughness of the surfaces is determined not only by the contour of the contour or the deviation of the contour from a desired contour in a direction parallel to the layer plane, but also by the orientation of the contour line formed boundary surface in the thickness direction and / or the layer thickness profile at the contour line.
  • an orientation of the boundary surface in the thickness direction which deviates from a vertical orientation of the boundary surface to the layer plane, lead to deviations from the desired shape of the component and thus to roughness of the component surface, if in the component produced, the component surface in this area perpendicular to the layer plane should run.
  • a camera 6 is provided in the device shown in FIG. 1, which allows detection of the generated layer 14 and thus the contour of the individual layers of a component.
  • an evaluation unit 22 for example in the form of a data processing system equipped in a suitable manner in a suitable manner, automatic detection and evaluation of the contour of a generated layer 14 can take place.
  • the thickness profile of the generated layer 14 on the contour line is used.
  • the evaluation unit 22 is connected to the control and / or regulation device 23 in order to be able to make available the evaluation result of the control and / or regulating device 23, so that the device is controlled for generative generation of a component as a function of the detected contour and / or roughness and / or can be regulated.
  • the camera 6 can be movable or several cameras (not shown) can be provided.
  • a lighting device 7 for illuminating the generated layer 14 may be provided when shooting with the camera 6, which may also be designed to be movable in order to allow different lighting settings.
  • several lighting devices can be provided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de fabrication générative de composants par liaison en couches de particules de poudre entre elles et/ou avec un produit semi-fini ou substrat déjà formé par interaction sélective des particules de poudre avec un faisceau de haute énergie (13) pour former une couche. Une couche (14) formée est détectée au moyen d'une caméra (6). Un contour de la couche (14) déposée est déterminé à partir d'une image de la couche déposée enregistrée avec la caméra et la rugosité des surfaces du composant formé est déterminée à partir du contour.
EP15744471.2A 2014-07-30 2015-05-20 Détermination au moyen d'une caméra de la rugosité de composants fabriqués de manière générative Withdrawn EP3174655A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014214939.8A DE102014214939A1 (de) 2014-07-30 2014-07-30 Kamerabasierte Rauheitsbestimmung für generativ hergestellte Bauteile
PCT/DE2015/000261 WO2016015695A1 (fr) 2014-07-30 2015-05-20 Détermination au moyen d'une caméra de la rugosité de composants fabriqués de manière générative

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3174655A1 true EP3174655A1 (fr) 2017-06-07

Family

ID=53761907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15744471.2A Withdrawn EP3174655A1 (fr) 2014-07-30 2015-05-20 Détermination au moyen d'une caméra de la rugosité de composants fabriqués de manière générative

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20170266886A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3174655A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014214939A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016015695A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016207059A1 (de) * 2016-04-26 2017-10-26 MTU Aero Engines AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum additiven Herstellen zumindest eines Bauteilbereichs eines Bauteils
DE102016211935B4 (de) 2016-06-30 2019-06-06 Sauer Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Prozessüberwachung bei einem Auftragschweiß-Verfahren
CN106903315B (zh) * 2017-05-08 2019-08-09 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 一种3d打印设备及打印方法
CN107584757B (zh) * 2017-10-30 2019-10-29 共享智能装备有限公司 一种fdm打印中产品轮廓的打印方法
DE102018201255A1 (de) * 2018-01-29 2019-08-01 MTU Aero Engines AG Schichtbauverfahren und Schichtbauvorrichtung zum additiven Herstellen zumindest eines Bauteilbereichs eines Bauteils
EP3520999B1 (fr) * 2018-02-01 2021-09-29 CL Schutzrechtsverwaltungs GmbH Appareil de fabrication additive d'objets tridimensionnels
US11511486B2 (en) 2019-01-23 2022-11-29 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Detecting three-dimensional (3D) part drag
EP3789512B1 (fr) * 2019-09-09 2023-11-15 Sturm Maschinen- & Anlagenbau GmbH Installation et procédé de revêtement de pièces
EP3984679A1 (fr) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'une pièce au moyen d'un procédé de fabrication additive

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004039531A2 (fr) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-13 Ehsan Toyserkani Systeme et procede de commande en boucle fermee d'un laser de plaquage par injection de poudre
DE102010050531A1 (de) 2010-09-08 2012-03-08 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur generativen Herstellung zumindest eines Bauteilbereichs
DE102011009624A1 (de) 2011-01-28 2012-08-02 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prozessüberwachung
DE102013214320A1 (de) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-22 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum schichtweisen Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2016015695A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014214939A1 (de) 2016-03-03
US20170266886A1 (en) 2017-09-21
WO2016015695A1 (fr) 2016-02-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3174655A1 (fr) Détermination au moyen d'une caméra de la rugosité de composants fabriqués de manière générative
EP3225334B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de fabrication additive d'au moins une partie d'un composant
EP2823917B1 (fr) Réglage pour la fabrication générative en utilisant une teste pour des courants de Foucault
EP2964449B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour évaluer la qualité d'un composant fabriqué au moyen d'un procédé génératif de frittage au laser et/ou de fusion au laser
EP3441163B1 (fr) Dispositif de fabrication additive d'au moins un objet tridimensionnel
DE102012206122A1 (de) Mehrfach-Spulenanordnung für eine Vorrichtung zur generativen Herstellung von Bauteilen und entsprechendes Herstellverfahren
DE102014108061A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur generativen Herstellung zumindest eines Bauteilbereichs eines Bauteils
EP2712692A1 (fr) Un procédé et un dispositif sur fabrication d'un composant
DE102011009624A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prozessüberwachung
EP3463811A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de fabrication additive de pièces
DE102013104545A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erkennen von Fehlstellen von abgelegten Faserhalbzeugen
DE102011009345B3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung einer Partikeldichteverteilung im Strahl einer Düse
EP2875933B1 (fr) Documentation de procédé de fabrication génératif
DE102017202088A1 (de) Verfahren zum pulverbettbasierten additiven Herstellen eines Werkstücks, Computerprogrammprodukt zum Ausführen dieses Verfahrens, vorzugsweise auf einem Datenträger, und Maschine zum pulverbettbasierten additiven Herstellen
DE102015224395A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils in Schichtbauweise, Verwendung einer Erfassungseinrichtung in einem Schichtbauverfahren
DE102019104839A1 (de) Steuerung der Mikrostruktur eines ausgewählten Bereichs von Schichten eines Objekts während der Additivherstellung
WO2017153187A1 (fr) Procédé de construction par couches génératif présentant une résolution améliorée des détails et dispositif pour sa réalisation
DE102017201084A1 (de) Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung und Beschichtungsvorrichtung
EP3877107A1 (fr) Procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de fabrication et dispositif de fabrication pour la fabrication additive d'une pièce à partir d'un matériau pulvérulent
EP3624985A1 (fr) Procédé pour former une rugosité de surface définie dans une zone d'une pièce à fabriquer ou fabriquée de manière additive pour une turbomachine
DE202017005866U1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und Oberflächenbearbeitung eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
EP2929962A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif destinés à améliorer la qualité de matière première pour des procédés de fabrication génératifs
DE102020212858A1 (de) System zur Überwachung eines Schichtbauverfahrens
DE102019207421A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Glätten einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils durch Bearbeitung mit energetischer Strahlung
DE102017010474A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und Oberflächenbearbeitung eines dreidimensionalen Objekts

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20170224

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20190606

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20191017