EP3166123A1 - Elektrischer schalter - Google Patents

Elektrischer schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3166123A1
EP3166123A1 EP15193656.4A EP15193656A EP3166123A1 EP 3166123 A1 EP3166123 A1 EP 3166123A1 EP 15193656 A EP15193656 A EP 15193656A EP 3166123 A1 EP3166123 A1 EP 3166123A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upstream
downstream
contact
electrical
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15193656.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3166123B1 (de
Inventor
Vito Carrea
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Microprecision Electronics Holding SA
Original Assignee
Microprecision Electronics Holding SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Microprecision Electronics Holding SA filed Critical Microprecision Electronics Holding SA
Priority to EP15193656.4A priority Critical patent/EP3166123B1/de
Priority to US15/346,244 priority patent/US10199185B2/en
Publication of EP3166123A1 publication Critical patent/EP3166123A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3166123B1 publication Critical patent/EP3166123B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/12—Push-buttons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/04—Cases; Covers
    • H01H13/06—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof or flameproof casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H01H13/18—Operating parts, e.g. push-button adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
    • H01H13/52—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state immediately upon removal of operating force, e.g. bell-push switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2223/00—Casings
    • H01H2223/002—Casings sealed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical switch comprising an actuator movable axially inside the switch housing.
  • One of the possible sensors consists of an electrical switch actuated by a push button and positioned to detect a limit state of a given device.
  • One of the possible applications may for example consist in detecting the opening and closing of an electromagnetic brake. This is done by placing an electrical switch so that it is operated in the middle of the air gap of the electromagnetic brake. When the brake closes, the air gap also closes, thus activating the switch. When the brake is opened, the switch is actuated when the opening of the air gap is beyond the point of release of the switch.
  • the electrical switches used in this type of application generally operate on the principle of a snap closure in which the push button, by pressing a spring, changes the position of a movable electrical contact.
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide an electrical switch does not have the drawbacks of snap action electrical switches and allowing by means of a single switch to monitor both the opening of the air gap and brake wear.
  • the electrical switch of the present invention will have many advantages over abrupt electric switches.
  • Thirdly, the opening or closing of the electrical circuits will occur systematically for the same values of external thrust exerted on the actuator.
  • it can easily adapt to the needs of users because of the use of a single contact block bringing together the pair of movable electrical contacts. Thus, by changing the spacing between these movable electrical contacts, that is to say the axial width of the oblong opening formed inside said contact block, it will be possible to change the stroke to move from the position opening the first electrical circuit to the closed position.
  • This electrical switch 10 is formed of a hollow cylindrical casing 11 open at its lower ends 11 i and upper 11 j and delimiting an internal cavity 12 of circular section.
  • the cavity 12 may obviously have a rectangular cross section or any other suitable form.
  • an axial direction is a direction parallel to the main axis X of the cavity.
  • a radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the main axis X of the cavity and intersecting this axis.
  • the adjectives and adverbs axial, radial, axially and radially are used with reference to the aforementioned axial and radial directions.
  • an axial plane is a plane containing the main axis X of the cavity and a radial plane is a plane perpendicular to this axis.
  • an axial section is a section along an axial plane, and a radial section is a section along a radial plane.
  • the upper and lower adjectives are used with reference to the X-axis as shown in the figures 2 and 3 .
  • the X axis is directed from the upper end of the housing towards its lower end.
  • upstream and downstream terms are defined with respect to the direction of the X axis, which corresponds to the direction of movement, within the cavity, of the actuator which will be defined in the rest of this presentation.
  • the outer periphery of the housing 11 is advantageously provided with a thread 13 over almost its entire length so as to facilitate its attachment to a support structure by screwing.
  • a plastic sleeve 14 of substantially tubular shape.
  • Bushing 14 defines an inner housing 15 within which an actuator 16 is slidably received.
  • this inner housing 15 is delimited, on the one hand, by an upper annular shoulder 18 which limits the movement of the actuator 16 in the upstream direction, and, on the other hand, by a cap 19 attached to the lower end of the sleeve 14, said cap 19 limiting the movement of the actuator 16 in the downstream direction.
  • the actuator 16 is in the form of two parts, namely an upper part 16j, protruding from the housing 11 at its upper end 11j, and a lower part 16i which slides inside the inner housing 15 of the sleeve 14.
  • the upper part 16j of the actuator 16 is completely covered by an elastic membrane 17 whose edges are clamped between the upper end 11j of the housing 11 and the upper annular shoulder 18 of the sleeve 14, said membrane 17 thus preventing any infiltration of dust or liquid inside the housing 11.
  • the actuator 16 is configured to modify the operating state of the switch 10 as a function of the axial thrust exerted on the upper part 16j of said actuator. Indeed, depending on the intensity of this axial thrust, the actuator 16 can move downstream or upstream, thereby triggering the opening or closing of electrical circuits.
  • These electrical circuits are formed in particular by fixed electrical contacts and by movable electrical contacts intended to come into contact with said fixed electrical contacts when the actuator 16 is in a so-called opening position and to no longer be in contact with said contacts. when the actuator is in a so-called closing position.
  • the electrical switch 10 comprises two fixed electrical contacts, namely an upstream fixed electrical contact 21 and a fixed downstream electrical contact 22, which are arranged in a manner offset in the axial direction inside the housing 11.
  • these fixed electrical contacts 21, 22 are installed in the thickness of the sleeve 14 and are each in the form of a rod L-shaped metal of which one of the segments 21r or 22r extends radially and the other segment 21a or 22a extends axially.
  • the sleeve 14 comprises several radial channels 23r and axial 23a, formed in its thickness, said channels being intended to accommodate at least partially said radial segments 21 r, 22r and axial 21a, 22a of the electrical contacts 21, 22.
  • the radial segments 21 r, 22r of the electrical contacts 21, 22 open into a central recess 24 of the actuator 16 in two axially offset positions, the radial segment 21r of the upstream fixed electrical contact 21 being positioned upstream of the radial segment 22r of the contact fixed downstream electric 22.
  • the electrical switch 10 also comprises two movable electrical contacts, namely an upstream movable electrical contact and a downstream movable electrical contact, which are arranged in an offset manner in the axial direction inside the housing 11.
  • the downstream and upstream mobile electrical contacts are united within a same contact block 25 slidably housed inside the central recess 24 of the actuator 16 and are respectively in the form of conductive zones upstream 25j and downstream 25i disposed at the axial ends of an oblong opening 26 formed inside said contact block 25.
  • the contact block 25 is arranged in such a way that the radial segments 21 r, 22r of the electrical contacts 21, 22 open into said oblong opening 26, the upstream conductive zone 25j being positioned upstream of the radial segment 21r and the conductive zone downstream 25i being positioned downstream of the radial segment 22r.
  • the contact block 25 will consist entirely of a conductive material.
  • the contact block 25 is in the form of a parallelepiped block having two opposite side faces 25a, 25b which are perpendicular to the radial segments 21r, 22r of the fixed electrical contacts 21, 22.
  • the oblong opening 26 passes through each of said lateral faces 25a, 25b of so that each of the fixed electrical contacts 21, 22 can lead into the oblong opening 26 from a different side face.
  • the contact block 25 slides inside the central recess 24 under the combined actions of an upstream spring 27 and a downstream spring 28.
  • the upstream spring 27 bears at its lower end on the upper face of the block contact 25 and at its upper end on an upper stop element 29j integral with the actuator 16.
  • this upper stop element 29j is constituted by the bottom of the central recess 24.
  • the thrust external axial exerted on the actuator 16 tends to move the contact block 25 through the upstream spring 27 to an upstream contact position, wherein the upstream conductive zone 25j is in contact with the upstream fixed electrical contact 21.
  • the contact block 25 will remain stationary on the fixed contact 21 under the effect of the spring 27, while the actuator 16 will produce an additional race.
  • the downstream spring 28 is supported at its upper end on the lower face of the contact block 25 and at its lower end on a lower abutment member 29i integral with the bushing 14, and therefore the housing 11.
  • this element lower stop 29i is constituted by an inner face of the cap 19, which is recessed in the middle so as to receive said lower end.
  • the downstream spring 28 exerts an axial thrust on the assembly formed by the actuator 16 and the contact block 25 so that it tends to move this assembly to a downstream contact position, in which the conductive zone downstream 25i is in contact with the downstream fixed electrical contact 22.
  • this assembly will be completely formed of conductive metal.
  • the stiffness of the upstream and downstream springs 27, 28 have been chosen so that the contact block 25 is in its downstream contact position when the actuator 16 is not subjected to any external axial thrust, as illustrated on the figure 2 .
  • the stiffness of the upstream spring 27 will advantageously be greater than the stiffness of the downstream spring 28 so as to prevent, during the passage from the downstream contact position to the upstream contact position, the upstream spring 27 is previously compressed before the contact block 25 starts moving. This prior compression could in fact delay the opening of the electrical circuit which includes the downstream electrical contact 22, which would not immediately detect an external axial thrust exerted on the actuator.
  • the stiffness of the upstream and downstream springs 27, 28 will advantageously be chosen so that the upstream spring 27 begins its compression when the contact block 25 is in its upstream contact position, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 , and that the actuator 16 is subjected to an additional external axial thrust.
  • the embodiment variant represented on the Figures 1 to 4 is obviously not limiting for the invention. It is only one of the possibilities of realizing the invention. However, it differs from other possibilities in the choice to use two perfectly separate subassemblies, namely a first subassembly formed by the housing only, and a second subassembly formed by the plastic bushing in which were arranged the actuator, the movable contact block, the pair of fixed electrical contacts and the upstream and downstream springs.
  • the assembly and disassembly of the electrical switch will be easily executable by simply inserting the second subset within the first subset. The user can easily change the electrical switch by changing only the second subset without changing the first subset.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
EP15193656.4A 2015-11-09 2015-11-09 Elektrischer schalter Active EP3166123B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193656.4A EP3166123B1 (de) 2015-11-09 2015-11-09 Elektrischer schalter
US15/346,244 US10199185B2 (en) 2015-11-09 2016-11-08 Electric switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15193656.4A EP3166123B1 (de) 2015-11-09 2015-11-09 Elektrischer schalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3166123A1 true EP3166123A1 (de) 2017-05-10
EP3166123B1 EP3166123B1 (de) 2018-05-02

Family

ID=54477943

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15193656.4A Active EP3166123B1 (de) 2015-11-09 2015-11-09 Elektrischer schalter

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US10199185B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3166123B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112466697A (zh) 2020-11-27 2021-03-09 科都电气股份有限公司 一种电开关
EP4327977A3 (de) * 2021-03-26 2024-05-01 RTX Corporation Positionierungsschalter für eine bearbeitungsvorrichtung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2551858A1 (de) * 1975-11-19 1977-06-02 Honeywell Gmbh Endschalter
WO2004068520A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 Freni Brembo S.P.A. Switch
EP1858043A1 (de) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-21 Pizzato Elettrica S.r.l. Positionsschalter mit beweglichen Kontakten mit positivem Betrieb

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL1764813T3 (pl) * 2005-09-16 2009-12-31 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Wyłącznik elektryczny

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2551858A1 (de) * 1975-11-19 1977-06-02 Honeywell Gmbh Endschalter
WO2004068520A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 Freni Brembo S.P.A. Switch
EP1858043A1 (de) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-21 Pizzato Elettrica S.r.l. Positionsschalter mit beweglichen Kontakten mit positivem Betrieb

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3166123B1 (de) 2018-05-02
US10199185B2 (en) 2019-02-05
US20170133176A1 (en) 2017-05-11

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