EP3164584A1 - Systeme et procede de stockage et de recuperation d'energie par gaz comprime avec stockage de la chaleur au moyen d'un echangeur radial - Google Patents
Systeme et procede de stockage et de recuperation d'energie par gaz comprime avec stockage de la chaleur au moyen d'un echangeur radialInfo
- Publication number
- EP3164584A1 EP3164584A1 EP15733664.5A EP15733664A EP3164584A1 EP 3164584 A1 EP3164584 A1 EP 3164584A1 EP 15733664 A EP15733664 A EP 15733664A EP 3164584 A1 EP3164584 A1 EP 3164584A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- beads
- fluid
- storage
- heat storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 77
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002088 nanocapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 paraffins Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 72
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
- F02C6/16—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads for storing compressed air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2210/00—Working fluids
- F05D2210/10—Kind or type
- F05D2210/12—Kind or type gaseous, i.e. compressible
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/42—Storage of energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
- F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
- F28D2020/0082—Multiple tanks arrangements, e.g. adjacent tanks, tank in tank
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Definitions
- CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage CAES Compressed Air Energy Storage
- AACAES Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage
- CAES compressed air energy storage system
- energy which is to be used at another time, is stored as compressed air.
- energy especially electrical, drives air compressors, and for destocking, the compressed air drives turbines, which can be connected to an electric generator.
- the efficiency of this solution is not optimal because part of the energy of the compressed air is in the form of heat which is not used.
- the CAES processes only the mechanical energy of the air is used, that is to say that all the heat produced during the compression is rejected.
- the efficiency of a CAES system is not optimal, because the system requires heating the stored air to achieve the relaxation of the air.
- the heat stored in the TES is used to heat the air before it is released.
- Improvements in the AACAES systems have focused on the realization of the TES heat storage system by means of a fixed storage tank of heat storage material.
- the patent application whose filing number is FR 13/61835 describes an AACAES system in which the heat storage system is made by a tank containing heat storage materials at different temperature levels.
- FR 13/61835 describes an AACAES system in which the heat storage system is made by a tank containing heat storage materials at different temperature levels.
- patent application EP 2447501 describes an AACAES system in which oil, used as heat transfer fluid circulates in closed circuit to exchange heat with air.
- patent applications EP 2530283 and WO 201 105341 1 describe a system AACAES system, in which the heat exchanges are carried out by a coolant circulating in a closed circuit, the closed circuit comprising a single heat transfer fluid reservoir.
- the invention relates to a system for storage and energy recovery by compressed gas comprising at least one gas compression means, means for storing said compressed gas, at least one expansion means for said compressed gas, exchange means heat between said compressed gas and heat storage beads, means for storing said heat storage beads, said heat exchange means being disposed at the outlet of said gas compression means and / or at the inlet of said gas expansion means.
- Said heat exchange means comprise at least one radial exchanger, in which a first fluid and said heat storage beads circulate to exchange heat, said first fluid circulating within said radial exchanger by passing radially through means circulating said heat storage beads.
- said radial exchanger comprises an annular space in which said heat storage balls circulate from the top to the bottom, said first fluid flowing from outside said annular space, through said annular space, towards the inside of said annular space .
- said first fluid and said balls circulate countercurrent in said radial exchanger.
- said first fluid is said compressed gas.
- said first fluid is a secondary fluid exchanging heat with said compressed gas.
- said system comprises at least two storage means for said heat storage beads, said heat storage beads circulating from a first storage means to a second storage means through at least one radial exchanger .
- said storage and energy recovery system comprises a plurality of stepped gas compression means, a plurality of stepped expansion means, and a heat exchange means disposed between each stage of said compression means and / or said detent means.
- said heat exchange means comprise a plurality of radial heat exchangers connected in series and / or in parallel.
- said heat storage beads are incorporated in a heat transfer fluid.
- said heat storage beads have a diameter of between 10 nm and 50 mm.
- said heat storage beads are made of alumina, metal or by micro or nano capsules of phase change material, such as paraffins, metals or salts.
- said beads can withstand temperatures between 20 and 700
- the invention relates to a method for storing and recovering energy by compressed gas, in which the following steps are carried out:
- the heat is exchanged between said gas and said heat storage beads by means of at least one radial exchanger, in which said heat storage beads are circulated and a first fluid, said first circulating fluid. in said radial exchanger passing radially through means for circulating said heat storage beads.
- heat is exchanged between said gas and said heat storage beads by circulating said gas in said radial exchanger as the first fluid.
- heat is exchanged between said gas and said heat storage beads by exchanging heat between said gas and a secondary fluid, and then exchanging heat between said secondary fluid and said heat storage beads by means of said heat exchanger radial, said secondary fluid being the first fluid.
- said heat storage beads are circulated between two storage means for at least one heat exchange.
- said heat storage beads are incorporated in a heat transfer fluid.
- said heat storage beads have a diameter of between 10 nm and 50 mm.
- said beads are made of aluminas, metals or by micro or nanocapsules of phase change material, such as paraffins, metals or salts.
- said beads can withstand temperatures between 20 and 700
- Figure 1 illustrates a radial exchanger
- Figure 2 illustrates a parallel connection of two radial heat exchangers.
- Figure 3 illustrates a series connection of two radial exchangers.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a system for storage and energy recovery by compressed gas, according to a first embodiment of the invention, in energy storage operation.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a system for storage and energy recovery by compressed gas, according to a second embodiment of the invention, in energy storage operation.
- the present invention relates to a compressed gas energy storage and recovery system equipped with a heat storage means (AACAES).
- AACAES heat storage means
- At least one gas compression means (or compressor), preferably the system comprises a plurality of staged gas compression means, the gas compression means can be driven by a motor, in particular an electric motor,
- the compressed gas storage means may be a reservoir, an underground cavity, or the like, ...
- At least one gas expansion means (or expander) for relaxing the compressed gas and stored the system preferably comprises a plurality of gas expansion means staged, the gas expansion means can generate energy, including energy electric by means of a generator,
- the heat exchange means comprise at least one radial exchanger, the heat exchanges between the gas and the heat storage beads may be direct or indirect (with or without an intermediate fluid),
- TES heat storage beads
- circuits for circulating the heat storage beads between the storage means of the heat storage beads via at least one radial heat exchanger are provided.
- staged compression or expansion means are used when a plurality of compression or expansion means are successively mounted one after the other in series: the gas compressed or expanded at the outlet of the first compression or expansion means passes then in a second means of compression or relaxation and so on.
- a compression or expansion stage is then called a compression or expansion means for the plurality of staged compression or expansion means.
- a heat exchange means is disposed between each compression and / or expansion stage.
- the number of compression stages and the number of expansion stages can be between 2 and 10, preferably between 3 and 5.
- the number of compression stages is identical to the number of expansion stages.
- the AACAES system according to the invention may contain a single compression means and a single means of relaxation.
- the system according to the invention is suitable for any type of gas, especially for air.
- the inlet air used for compression can be taken from the ambient air and the outlet air after the expansion can be released into the ambient air.
- the system and the method are valid for any other gas.
- the heat exchange means make it possible, during the storage of the compressed gas (compression), to recover a maximum of heat resulting from the compression of the gas leaving the compressors and to reduce the temperature of the gas before the following compression or before storage.
- the compressed gas may pass from a temperature above 150 ° C, for example about 190 ° C to a temperature below 80 ° C, for example about 50 ° C.
- the heat exchange means make it possible, during the restitution of the energy, to restore a maximum of stored heat by increasing the temperature of the gas before passing to the next expansion.
- the gas may pass from a temperature below 80 ° C, for example about 50 ° C, to a temperature above 150 ° C, for example about 180 ° C.
- the heat exchange means comprise at least one radial exchanger for the heat exchange, direct or indirect between the gas and the heat storage beads.
- a fluid and heat storage beads (or two fluids) circulate in countercurrent or co-current.
- a first fluid flows from bottom to top of the exchanger and the balls (or the second fluid) flows from top to bottom.
- the first fluid has a radial movement.
- the first fluid passes radially through the circulation space of the balls (or the second fluid), from the periphery of the radial exchanger to the center of the radial exchanger.
- the first fluid passes radially through the circulation space of the balls (or the second fluid), from the center of the radial exchanger to the periphery of the radial exchanger. It is during the passage of the first fluid in the circulation space of the balls (or the second fluid) that the heat exchange is performed.
- the circulation space of the balls (or the second fluid) may be an annular space, that is to say substantially tubular.
- the geometry of the radial exchanger makes it possible to have flow speeds through the balls (or the second fluid) lower than a conventional fixed bed and thus makes it possible to reduce the pressure drops, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange and a fortiori the performance of the AACAES system. It is clarified that the terms "first" and "second” are used here without implying any notion of order, quantity, or importance, but these terms are used to distinguish one element from another.
- the circulation space of the balls may consist of several vertical tubes arranged around the axis of the exchanger so as to contain the fluid and have a large exchange surface.
- the second fluid corresponds to the balls.
- the first fluid corresponds to the gas.
- the heat exchange between the gas and the balls is indirect, that is to say for a heat exchange between the gas and the balls by means of at least one intermediate fluid, the radial exchanger allows an exchange of heat between the intermediate fluid and the balls, the first fluid then corresponds to the intermediate fluid.
- FIG. 1 is a non-limiting example of a radial exchanger 3 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
- the radial exchanger 3 is arranged vertically and comprises an annular space 31, of tubular shape, located between the periphery and the center of the radial exchanger 3.
- the balls (or second fluid) F2 circulate in the annular space by gravity of top to bottom.
- the radial exchanger 3 may comprise two inputs and two outputs of the balls (or second fluid) F2.
- the lower part of the radial exchanger 3 comprises an inlet of the first fluid F1
- the upper part of the radial exchanger 3 comprises an outlet of the first fluid F1.
- the first fluid F1 is directed towards the periphery of the radial exchanger 3, then circulates radially from the periphery to the center of the radial exchanger 3 while passing through the annular space 31 .
- the circulation space of the balls is of tubular, but parallelepipedal or any other similar form.
- the heat exchange means comprise several radial cascade exchangers (in series), so that the outlet temperature of the balls (or the fluid) F2 is as close as possible to the inlet temperature. air or F1 fluid.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a configuration of two radial heat exchangers 3 connected in series. The first fluid F1 circulates within the first radial exchanger 3 and then within the second radial exchanger 3, the outlet of the first radial exchanger 3 being connected to the inlet of the second radial exchanger 3. The circulation of the first fluid F1 in each exchanger radial is identical to that described with reference to FIG. The balls (or the second fluid F2) circulate separately in the two radial exchangers 3.
- the heat storage beads circulate between two ball storage means and pass through at least one radial exchanger.
- the ball storage means comprise at least one hot ball storage tank, called hot balloon and a cold ball tank, called cold balloon.
- the hot balloon stores the heat from the heat exchange during compression and the cold balloon stores the heat transfer fluid cooled during expansion.
- the balls circulate from the cold balloon, pass through at least one radial exchanger, and are then stored in the hot balloon.
- the balls circulate from the hot flask, pass through at least one radial exchanger, and are stored in the cold flask.
- hot and cold balloons have no direct connection; to pass from one to the other the balls pass systematically through a radial exchanger.
- the heat storage beads are small elements capable of storing and returning heat.
- the heat storage beads have a large heat capacity and more specifically a high energy density (or storage capacity) expressed in MJ / m 3 .
- the balls may be substantially spherical and have a diameter of a few tens of nanometers to a few tens of millimeters depending on their nature, preferably, the diameter of the balls is between 10 nm and 50 mm, in particular between 50 and 10 mm ⁇ .
- the balls according to the invention are made of materials that can be used in temperature ranges between 20 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the beads used may be made by aluminas or metal or by encapsulated phase change materials (PCM) or not encapsulated in the operating temperature range.
- PCM phase change materials can be of different types, among which:
- metals for example magnesium, aluminum, copper, antimony, etc.
- the heat storage beads can store a greater amount of heat than a heat transfer fluid alone, therefore the necessary volume of heat storage beads is less than the volume required for a conventional heat transfer fluid. Thus, it is possible to reduce the storage volumes of the TES.
- the choice of the nature of the balls depends on the temperature range in which it is used, which is directly related to the compression configuration (number of stages and compression ratio) and compressed air storage pressure of the TES .
- the balls can be transferred from a cold storage tank to a hot storage tank via a pump, in particular a pneumatic pump.
- the pump can also be used for suspending the balls in the balloons.
- the beads can be transferred from the hot storage tank to the cold storage tank via a pump.
- the pump can be the same as that used when storing compressed air.
- the heat exchange between the air and the balls or the heat transfer fluid comprising the balls is direct: the air exchanges the heat directly with the balls or coolant comprising the balls without intermediate fluid.
- a radial exchanger allowing a transfer of heat between the air and the balls, the balls circulate between two balloons through all the radial exchangers.
- the flow of balls is divided into parallel branches. Each parallel branch comprises a single radial exchanger. The direction of movement of the balls is the same in all branches. This embodiment makes it possible to limit the number of ball storage balloons to two.
- FIG. 4 shows an AACAES system according to a nonlimiting example of the first embodiment of the invention, for the operation of storing energy (ie by air compression).
- the AACAES system according to the invention comprises four compression stages made by air compressors 2 which successively compress the air taken from the ambient air 1. Between each compression stage is disposed a radial heat exchanger 3, in which the compressed air and heated (by compression) is cooled by the passage of balls. At the outlet of the last compression stage, the compressed air is stored in a compressed air storage means 4.
- the balls circulate from a cold storage tank 5 by means of a pneumatic system (not shown) to a hot storage tank 6 passing through the four radial heat exchangers 3 by means of four parallel circuit branches.
- the AACAES system For the operation of restitution of the energy, ie by expansion of air (not shown), the AACAES system according to this first embodiment of the invention comprises four expansion stages carried out by expansion means which successively relax the compressed air contained in the compressed air storage means. Between each expansion stage is disposed a radial heat exchanger, in which the air cooled by the trigger is heated by the balls. At the outlet of the last stage of relaxation, the relaxed air is released into the ambient environment.
- the balls circulate from the hot storage tank by means of a pneumatic system to the cold storage tank by passing through the four heat exchangers by means of four parallel circuit branches.
- the hot storage tank contains the hot balls that were used to cool the compressed air during compression.
- the ball storage means comprise two storage tanks (a hot balloon and a cold balloon) for each compression or expansion stage.
- the balls circulate between these two storage tanks through a single radial heat exchanger (that of the stage considered).
- This embodiment makes it possible to limit the size of the heat transfer fluid storage flasks, since the volume of heat transfer fluid to be stored is reduced because the heat transfer fluid passes only in a single heat exchanger.
- the exchange of heat between the air and the balls or the coolant comprising the balls is indirect: the air exchanges the heat with the balls by means of at least one fluid intermediate, said secondary fluid.
- the intermediate fluid may be of different types: molten salts (for example NaN0 2 , NaN0 3 , KN0 2 ...), oil, water depending on the temperature levels and pressure of the secondary circuit.
- molten salts for example NaN0 2 , NaN0 3 , KN0 2
- oil water depending on the temperature levels and pressure of the secondary circuit.
- the intermediate fluid further exchanges heat with the balls by means of at least one radial exchanger.
- the storage means for the balls comprise two storage flasks for the coolant (a hot flask and a cold flask).
- the balls circulate between these two storage tanks through the radial exchanger.
- FIG. 5 shows an AACAES system according to a nonlimiting example of the second embodiment of the invention, for the operation of storing energy (ie by air compression).
- the AACAES system according to the invention comprises four compression stages made by air compressors 2 which compress successively the air taken from the ambient air 1. Between each compression stage is disposed a heat exchanger 7, in which compressed air and heated (by compression) is cooled by the secondary fluid. At the outlet of the last compression stage, the compressed air is stored in a compressed air storage means 4.
- the system comprises a closed circuit for circulating the secondary fluid, this circuit comprises a radial exchanger 3 for cooling the secondary fluid with the balls.
- the secondary fluid circulates in a closed circuit through all the exchangers 7 by parallel branches and in the radial exchanger 3.
- the circulation of the secondary fluid is implemented by means of a pump 8.
- the balls are heated in order to store the heat resulting from the compression of the gas.
- the hot and cold ball storage balls are not shown.
- the AACAES system for the operation of restitution of the energy, ie by expansion of air (not represented), the AACAES system according to this second embodiment of the invention comprises four stages of relaxation realized by means of relaxation which successively relax the compressed air contained in the compressed air storage means. Between each expansion stage is disposed a heat exchanger, in which the compressed air is heated by the secondary fluid. At the outlet of the last stage of relaxation, the relaxed air is released into the ambient environment.
- the system comprises a closed circuit for circulating the secondary fluid, this circuit comprises a radial exchanger for heating the secondary fluid with the balls.
- the secondary fluid circulates in a closed circuit through all the exchangers by parallel branches and in the radial exchanger.
- the circulation of the secondary fluid is implemented by means of a pump.
- the beads restore the heat stored in the hot flask during compression.
- the use of beads of heat storage material makes it possible to operate at different cycle times, that is to say that the AACAES system can continue to operate even if the storage cycle time of the air and the cycle time of destocking of the air are different.
- the system according to the invention allows flexibility and simplicity of operation; the regulation is done with the outlet temperature on the compressed air side, and the system requires a pump, two storage tanks and heat exchangers.
- the present invention also relates to a method for storage and recovery by compressed gas, wherein the following steps are carried out:
- a gas is compressed, in particular by means of an air compressor
- the heated compressed gas is expanded to generate energy, for example by means of a turbine to generate electrical energy.
- the heat storage beads are stored so as to store the heat resulting from the compression.
- the heat is exchanged between the gas and the heat storage beads by means of at least one radial exchanger, in which a first fluid is circulated and the balls are countercurrent, the first fluid flowing from below. at the top of the radial exchanger passing radially through the ball circulation means.
- the method according to the invention can be implemented by the system according to the invention, in particular the radial exchanger and the heat storage beads may be as described above.
- the method comprises several successive compression steps, by means of air compressors placed in series.
- the steps a) and b) are repeated for each compression step.
- the method comprises several successive expansion steps, by means of expansion placed in series.
- steps d) and e) are repeated for each relaxation step.
- the balls are circulated between two storage flasks, the balls being used for all the stages of heat exchange with the compressed gas by means of several exchangers. radial.
- the balls are distributed in parallel branches which each comprise at least one radial exchanger.
- the heat is exchanged between the gas and the heat storage beads by means of an intermediate fluid, said secondary fluid.
- the heat of the secondary fluid is exchanged with the balls by means of a radial exchanger.
- the balls are circulated between two storage tanks, through the radial exchanger.
- the secondary fluid is distributed in parallel branches which each comprises a heat exchanger with the gas.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1456349A FR3023320B1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2014-07-03 | Systeme et procede de stockage et de recuperation d'energie par gaz comprime avec stockage de la chaleur au moyen d'un echangeur radial |
PCT/EP2015/063998 WO2016001000A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2015-06-22 | Systeme et procede de stockage et de recuperation d'energie par gaz comprime avec stockage de la chaleur au moyen d'un echangeur radial |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3164584A1 true EP3164584A1 (fr) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=51610288
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15733664.5A Withdrawn EP3164584A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 | 2015-06-22 | Systeme et procede de stockage et de recuperation d'energie par gaz comprime avec stockage de la chaleur au moyen d'un echangeur radial |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10443952B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3164584A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3023320B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016001000A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3048075B1 (fr) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-03-23 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Systeme et procede de stockage et de restitution de la chaleur comprenant un lit de particules et des moyens de regulation thermique |
GB2567821A (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2019-05-01 | Storelectric Ltd | Compressed air energy storage system with thermal management system |
FR3098287B1 (fr) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-06-11 | Ifp Energies Now | Système et procédé de stockage et de récupération de chaleur, comprenant un passage radial au sein de particules de stockage. |
US11585270B1 (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2023-02-21 | Ormat Systems Ltd | Energy storage system and method |
US11976590B2 (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2024-05-07 | Ormat Technologies Inc. | Method for producing power with stored energy |
CN117366545B (zh) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-08-06 | 李纳军 | 一种基于煤气自备电厂的储能方法及系统 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
UA81749C2 (uk) * | 2001-10-04 | 2008-02-11 | Х. Луннбек А/С | Фенілпіперазинові похідні як інгібітори зворотного захоплення серотоніну |
US8261552B2 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2012-09-11 | Dresser Rand Company | Advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system |
US20110094231A1 (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-04-28 | Freund Sebastian W | Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system with multi-stage thermal energy storage |
US9518786B2 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2016-12-13 | Energy Technologies Institute Llp | Heat storage system |
US8739522B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2014-06-03 | Nuovo Pignone S.P.A. | Systems and methods for pre-heating compressed air in advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems |
JP2014522460A (ja) * | 2011-05-17 | 2014-09-04 | サステインエックス, インコーポレイテッド | 圧縮空気エネルギー貯蔵システムにおける効率的二相熱移送のためのシステムおよび方法 |
US10007900B2 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2018-06-26 | First Data Corporation | Systems and methods for facilitating point of sale transactions |
US8522538B2 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-09-03 | General Compression, Inc. | Systems and methods for compressing and/or expanding a gas utilizing a bi-directional piston and hydraulic actuator |
CA2893160C (fr) * | 2011-12-29 | 2017-02-28 | 7837003 Canada Inc. | Extraction a partir de grands systemes d'accumulation de chaleur mettant en oeuvre des materiaux a changement de phase et des echangeurs de chaleur latente |
CN103516480A (zh) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-15 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 传送器与接收器及身份识别码的传送方法与检测方法 |
US20140033714A1 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-06 | General Electric Company | Regenerative thermal energy system and method of operating the same |
FR3014182B1 (fr) | 2013-11-29 | 2018-11-16 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Systeme avance de stockage d'energie par air comprime |
-
2014
- 2014-07-03 FR FR1456349A patent/FR3023320B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-06-22 US US15/323,370 patent/US10443952B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-06-22 EP EP15733664.5A patent/EP3164584A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-06-22 WO PCT/EP2015/063998 patent/WO2016001000A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2016001000A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3023320B1 (fr) | 2017-03-10 |
US20170160019A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
WO2016001000A1 (fr) | 2016-01-07 |
US10443952B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
FR3023320A1 (fr) | 2016-01-08 |
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