EP3143199B1 - Manifold - Google Patents
Manifold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3143199B1 EP3143199B1 EP15747844.7A EP15747844A EP3143199B1 EP 3143199 B1 EP3143199 B1 EP 3143199B1 EP 15747844 A EP15747844 A EP 15747844A EP 3143199 B1 EP3143199 B1 EP 3143199B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- manifold
- outlet opening
- fabric
- fluid
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 206010017577 Gait disturbance Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003619 fibrillary effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/18—Drying webs by hot air
- D21F5/185—Supporting webs in hot air dryers
- D21F5/187—Supporting webs in hot air dryers by air jets
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/02—Setting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
- F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a manifold. More particularly, it relates to a manifold that can be provided at the delivery end of a blower/dryer used to blow fluid e.g. hot air on fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
- a blower/dryer used to blow fluid e.g. hot air on fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
- WO03/038364A1 discloses a waste heat recovering device, cleaning-water auto-filtering device, and exhaust gas regenerating device for tenters.
- textile (TX) woven by a weaving machine is dipped in a mixture of water, resin, and chemicals in a settling tank (ST), dehydrated by a mangle (MG), and dried and heat-treated using several chambers (CHI to CH4) so as to improve its quality.
- Each of the chambers (CHI to CH4) comprises a main body (CM) surrounded with an insulating material (IS), and hundreds of hot-air nozzles (HN) for jetting hot air to an upper and a lower side of the textile (TX) passing throughout the center of the main body (CM).
- CM main body
- IS insulating material
- HN hot-air nozzles
- the hot-air nozzles (HN) are set on several hot-air distribution boxes (HD) connected to a hot-air pipe (HP), and the hot air heated by a heater (HT) cycles in the hot-air pipe (HP) using a hot-air blower (HB).
- Each of gas exhaust pipes (GP) is set on an upper side of each of the chambers (CHI to CH4), the gas exhaust pipes (GP) communicate with one main gas exhaust pipe (GM), and an exhaust-blower (BW) is connected to the main gas exhaust pipe (GM).
- cold air flowing into each chamber through its inlet and out through its outlet is mixed with air cycling in the chamber and heated by the heater (HT) to a predetermined temperature
- the heated hot air flows by the hot-air blower (HB) through the hot-air pipe (HP) and hot-air distribution boxes (HD) to the hot-air nozzles (HN)
- the textile (TX) passing between the upper and lower hot-air nozzles (HN) is dried or heated by the hot air jetted through the hot-air nozzles (HN).
- the above said device does not enable a symmetrical and uniform air impingement to the material (fabric).
- US Patent No. 4,586,268 teaches a horizontal heat treatment tunnel for the treatment of fibers, threads, slit film or the like fibrillary material used in the textile field, wherein the material to be heat treated is transported side-by-side along a travel path, in endless length form, through the horizontally arranged tunnel, said tunnel comprising a heat-insulated housing having a treatment chamber, an inlet means for allowing entry of the material and an outlet means for allowing withdrawal of the material from the housing; a fan chamber; fan means arranged within said fan chamber for effecting circulation of a gaseous treatment medium within said housing and through said treatment chamber; heater means disposed downstream of said fan means in the treatment chamber for heating said treatment medium before the treatment medium contacts fibrillary material moving along said travel path through said treatment chamber; fan intake connecting means positioned solely to draw the gaseous treatment medium away from the travel path; fan exhaust means positioned solely to direct the gaseous treatment medium toward the travel path through the fibrillary material and toward the fan intake connecting means; said fan intake connecting means including
- EP 0979985 discloses an apparatus for heat treatment of a material web with an array of nozzles arranged above and below a central material web transportation level whereby each array of nozzles has a nozzle base with several nozzles turned towards the fabric web.
- the nozzles have a cylindrical part which is arranged at a slant to the nozzle base and has a jet opening at one end and a funnel shaped expanding area at the other end, into which the base of the nozzle array protrudes.
- the nozzles are arranged in recesses of the level of the base of the nozzle array.
- US Patent No. 4271601 corresponding to DE2935866A1 discloses an apparatus for drying a web, such as a paper web, including a plurality of nozzle members successively located one after the other both in and transverse to the direction of travel of the web, each of the nozzle members defining a substantially annular slit and a carrying surface associated with the slit for directing gaseous drying fluid substantially contiguous with the carrying surface in a substantially radial flow field relative to the annular slit and in a direction substantially parallel to the web.
- the air flow is guided by saucer members so that no central air is used in the nozzles.
- the saucer parts attach by projections to the carrying surfaces where appropriate grooves or recesses have been provided for the projections.
- the projections may be so dimensioned and placed that they confine the flow in such manner that two adjacent nozzles will not blow air straight against each other.
- DE29704095 also discloses an apparatus for treating, especially drying, of sheet by treatment of gas from nozzles.
- the nozzle body is composed of a nozzle tube, a nozzle support plate and a nozzle insert.
- the nozzle tube is connected to a conical diverging surface (intermediate component) protruding out of the nozzle plate.
- the nozzle insert is placed within the conical diverging surface of the nozzle which is axially displaceable and lockable in a selected position.
- Stenter and similar equipment like hot flues, relax driers or belt driers are used to stretch the fabric width wise by air treatment of fabrics, especially by drying and/or heat setting textile or paper fabric.
- the air/fluid that is typically heated up to 220 °C by heating element, is applied using many holes/openings on the manifold(s) (not shown) to one or both sides of the fabric which is continuously guided past the manifold(s).
- manifold(s) not shown
- the hot air is distributed using the so-called manifold(s) having holes/openings which are arranged above and/or below the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material through which the pre-heated hot air is supplied using at least one blower.
- a disadvantage of the manifold design shown in Figs. 1(a)(i)-(a)(iii) is a flow related effect, which causes the hot air stream (21) exiting from the circular opening (26) on the manifold to be inclined in the (air) flow direction, i.e., manifold end and not at right angle to the fabric plane.
- the angle of inclination (24) is a result of the arc cosine of the ratio - sum of the air outlet cross section area to the air-inlet cross-section area of the opening (26) of the manifold.
- the outlet openings in the manifold are staggered, as shown in Figs. 1(c)(i)-(c)(iii) , for obtaining a perpendicular air discharge (21) from circular opening (26) on the manifold, i.e., the manifold is provided with a compensation angle with respect to the vertical plane using a zigzag-shaped design (27) of the manifold wall, which compensates the discharge angle as accurately as possible in case of the straight i.e. non-staggered outlet openings of the manifold.
- This approach is significantly more complex to manufacture which results in additional aerodynamic losses due to the slightly zigzag-shaped manifold plate (27) that is folded.
- the manifold claimed in the present application is simple in construction, does not involve any intermediate components interfering with the core air/gas stream flowing through the nozzle and have nozzles of greater cross-sectional area thereby increasing the efficiency of treatment of the fabric/material. Further the nozzles do not possess any annular slits or perforations which are responsible for aerodynamic losses.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an aerodynamically efficient manifold at the delivery end of a blower/dryer for treatment of fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material in which a uniform distribution of fluid across length and breadth of manifold can be obtained with good treatment results of fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
- At least one manifold at the delivery end of blower/dryer having a plate with at least one outlet opening which is conical having narrow inlet facing inside of the distribution channel of the manifold and wide outlet flush with the outer surface of the manifold plate and wherein fluid stream uniformly exits from the outlet opening across the length of the plate and the flow direction is controlled by varying the depth of the conical opening.
- manifold (14/16) has a distribution channel (50) with an entry port (46) which is connected to the delivery end via feed channel (22) of a blower/dryer (not shown).
- the distribution channel (50) is closed at the other end, making it a closed distribution channel (50).
- the distribution channel (50) tapers from the entry port (46) to the other closed end, which typically resembles the dome shape of a chimney, to avoid problem of non-uniform treatment of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material. Consequently, the cross sectional area of the distribution channel (50) reduces towards the closed end.
- the manifold (14/16) comprises of a plate (44), having at least one outlet opening (63) which is conical, with narrow inlet (64) facing inside of the distribution channel (50) and wide outlet (65) flush with the outer surface of the plate (44) over which passes the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12).
- more than one outlet openings (63) are provided on the plate (44) of the manifold (14/16).
- the fluid (23) is fed into the manifold (14/16) from the feed channel (22) of a blower/dryer through the entry port (46). From the entry port (46), the fluid stream (23) flows into distribution channel (50) and then it is blown (21) onto the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) through the conical outlet opening(s) (63) on the plate (44).
- the sectional area of the distribution channel (50) is such that approximately the same amount of fluid is discharged from all the conical outlet openings (63) regardless of their distance from the port area (46).
- the fluid (23) flows from the narrow inlet (64) to the wide outlet (65) of the conical outlet opening (63) on the plate (44) of the manifold (14/16) and therefore exits (21) at right angle to the plate (44).
- the conical outlet opening (63) minimises internal aerodynamic losses and thus improves mass flow rate and provides more streamlined laminar flow. Due to improvement in mass flow rate, drying/cooling efficiency is improved with same amount of energy consumption.
- conical outlet opening(s) (63) is/are nearly circular or oval. Due to the said nearly circular/oval shape of the conical outlet opening(s) (63) very smooth, less turbulent flow of fluid with high velocity is achieved which results in more mass flow rate and better drying/cooling efficiency. Further, the said conical outlet openings (63) are preferably embossed into the plate (44).
- the conical outlet opening (63) has been designed to ensure that no sharp edges will come in contact with the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material, especially knit fabric by making the wide outlet (65) of the conical outlet opening (63) flush with the outer surface of the plate (44).
- the plate (44) has conical outlet openings (63) across its length and breadth, as shown in fig. 2(i) .
- the conical outlet opening(s) (63) are arranged in one or more rows, with or without offset to each other.
- the plate (44) serves as a wall to the distribution channel (50) and is placed on top side of the distribution channel (50).
- manifolds (14 and 16) are mirror images of each other.
- Figure 5 is an illustration of one such preferable embodiment, which shows a schematic diagram of a pair of manifolds (14 and 16) at the delivery end of a blower/dryer.
- the fluid stream (23) flows approximately horizontal through the distribution channel (50) and is deflected in a nearly vertical direction to stream out (21) of the conical outlet opening (63).
- the fluid stream (23) flows from the narrow inlet (64) to the wide outlet (65) of the conical outlet opening (63).
- This causes turbulence (66) on that half side of the conical outlet opening (63), which is located in the direction to the fluid entrance to the manifold (14/16), i.e. against the flow direction of the fluid (23) inside the distribution channel (50).
- This turbulence (66) in turn causes a low pressure, which pulls the fluid stream in a sufficiently accurate 90° vertical direction when it flows out (21) through the conical outlet opening (63).
- a 90° vertical out streaming of the fluid ensures a 90° vertical striking of the fluid (21) onto the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) which in turn causes a uniform down streaming of the fluid along the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) in the direction of both edges of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12).
- This uniform down streaming results in uniform drying/cooling across the length and width of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12).
- said outlet opening (63) works on the convergent-divergent nozzle principle, wherein the convergent part of outlet opening (63) is created virtually inside distribution channel (50) by fluid stream (23) as shown in Fig 2(v) .
- Narrow inlet (64) of outlet opening gives throttling effect or Venturi effect to fluid flowing out from the wider outlet opening (65) which is the so called divergent part of outlet opening (63). Due to this throttling effect, kinetic energy of the fluid increases owing to the pressure and internal energy so created.
- the divergent part of the outlet opening (63) helps to control direction of fluid flow as it exits.
- rows of manifolds (14/16) are proposed on both sides of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) to be treated, between which spaces are provided, for discharging the fluid (21) blown out through the outlet openings (63).
- the outlet opening (63) of the manifold (14/16) has varying depth.
- one or more outlet opening(s) (63) of a manifold (14/16) vary in depth from the other outlet openings (63).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a manifold. More particularly, it relates to a manifold that can be provided at the delivery end of a blower/dryer used to blow fluid e.g. hot air on fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
-
WO03/038364A1 - The above said device however, does not enable a symmetrical and uniform air impingement to the material (fabric).
-
US Patent No. 4,586,268 teaches a horizontal heat treatment tunnel for the treatment of fibers, threads, slit film or the like fibrillary material used in the textile field, wherein the material to be heat treated is transported side-by-side along a travel path, in endless length form, through the horizontally arranged tunnel, said tunnel comprising a heat-insulated housing having a treatment chamber, an inlet means for allowing entry of the material and an outlet means for allowing withdrawal of the material from the housing; a fan chamber; fan means arranged within said fan chamber for effecting circulation of a gaseous treatment medium within said housing and through said treatment chamber; heater means disposed downstream of said fan means in the treatment chamber for heating said treatment medium before the treatment medium contacts fibrillary material moving along said travel path through said treatment chamber; fan intake connecting means positioned solely to draw the gaseous treatment medium away from the travel path; fan exhaust means positioned solely to direct the gaseous treatment medium toward the travel path through the fibrillary material and toward the fan intake connecting means; said fan intake connecting means including a fan intake chamber that is narrowed conically away from the travel path on both sides towards the center of the travel path for promoting uniform flow of the treatment medium through the fibrillary material; said heater means extending in parallel with and in close juxtaposition to the travel path over the entire length and width of the travel path; screen wall means arranged above and below said heater means for regulating the flow of treatment medium through said heater means whereby heat is retained around said heater means; means for sealing marginal zones of the heater means so that said zones are gas-impermeable to prevent heat losses from said heater means; and guide means outside of said heat-insulated housing for transporting the fibrillary material along said travel path through the treatment chamber within said housing in a contact-free manner. - However, the above said device neither indicates nor teaches the subject-matter of the present invention.
-
EP 0979985 discloses an apparatus for heat treatment of a material web with an array of nozzles arranged above and below a central material web transportation level whereby each array of nozzles has a nozzle base with several nozzles turned towards the fabric web. The nozzles have a cylindrical part which is arranged at a slant to the nozzle base and has a jet opening at one end and a funnel shaped expanding area at the other end, into which the base of the nozzle array protrudes. The nozzles are arranged in recesses of the level of the base of the nozzle array. -
US Patent No. 4271601 corresponding toDE2935866A1 discloses an apparatus for drying a web, such as a paper web, including a plurality of nozzle members successively located one after the other both in and transverse to the direction of travel of the web, each of the nozzle members defining a substantially annular slit and a carrying surface associated with the slit for directing gaseous drying fluid substantially contiguous with the carrying surface in a substantially radial flow field relative to the annular slit and in a direction substantially parallel to the web. As shown inFigs. 4 and5 in the above patent, the air flow is guided by saucer members so that no central air is used in the nozzles. The saucer parts (intermediate components) attach by projections to the carrying surfaces where appropriate grooves or recesses have been provided for the projections. The projections may be so dimensioned and placed that they confine the flow in such manner that two adjacent nozzles will not blow air straight against each other. -
DE29704095 also discloses an apparatus for treating, especially drying, of sheet by treatment of gas from nozzles. The nozzle body is composed of a nozzle tube, a nozzle support plate and a nozzle insert. The nozzle tube is connected to a conical diverging surface (intermediate component) protruding out of the nozzle plate. The nozzle insert is placed within the conical diverging surface of the nozzle which is axially displaceable and lockable in a selected position. - Stenter and similar equipment like hot flues, relax driers or belt driers are used to stretch the fabric width wise by air treatment of fabrics, especially by drying and/or heat setting textile or paper fabric.
- For this purpose, the air/fluid, that is typically heated up to 220 °C by heating element, is applied using many holes/openings on the manifold(s) (not shown) to one or both sides of the fabric which is continuously guided past the manifold(s). In the process, it is important to maintain a uniform outlet distribution of the hot air/fluid stream from the manifold so that the result of the treatment is symmetric and uniform across the entire width of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
- The hot air is distributed using the so-called manifold(s) having holes/openings which are arranged above and/or below the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material through which the pre-heated hot air is supplied using at least one blower.
- The disadvantages of different manifold designs used in the prior art can be seen in
Figures 1(a)(i)-(a)(iii), 1(b)(i)-1(b)(iii) and 1(c)(i)-1(c)(iii) appearing in the accompanying drawings wherein -
Fig. 1(a)(i) shows top view of an opening/hole on a manifold used in the prior art; -
Fig. 1(a)(ii) shows front view of an opening/hole on a manifold used in the prior art; -
Fig. 1(a)(iii) shows front view of computational fluid flow diagram of opening/hole shown infig. 1(a)(i) ; -
Fig. 1(b)(i) shows top view of an opening/hole with stumbling edges on a manifold plate used in the prior art; -
Fig. 1(b)(ii) shows front view of an opening/hole with stumbling edges on a manifold plate used in the prior art; -
Fig. 1(b)(iii) shows front view of computational fluid flow diagram of an opening/hole with stumbling edges on a manifold plate used in the prior art as shown infig. 1(b)(i) ; -
Fig. 1(c)(i) shows top view of an opening/hole with zigzag shaped design on a manifold plate used in the prior art; -
Fig. 1(c)(ii) shows front view of an opening/hole with zigzag shaped design on a manifold plate used in the prior art; -
Fig. 1(c)(iii) shows front view of computational fluid flow diagram of an opening/hole with zigzag shaped design on a manifold plate used in the prior art as shown infig. 1(c)(i) ; - In the above described figures, the following numerals indicate the objects/parts stated/described against the said numerals:
- 12 - Fabric;
- 21- Air/Fluid stream exiting from the manifold;
- 23 - Air/Fluid stream inside the manifold;
- 24- Angle of inclination;
- 25 - Stumbling edge on manifold plate;
- 26 - Circular opening on manifold plate;
- 27 - Zigzag design of manifold plate;
- 29- Square opening on manifold plate.
- A disadvantage of the manifold design shown in
Figs. 1(a)(i)-(a)(iii) , is a flow related effect, which causes the hot air stream (21) exiting from the circular opening (26) on the manifold to be inclined in the (air) flow direction, i.e., manifold end and not at right angle to the fabric plane. The angle of inclination (24) is a result of the arc cosine of the ratio - sum of the air outlet cross section area to the air-inlet cross-section area of the opening (26) of the manifold. The result of this is that the air (21) striking the fabric (12) is not deflected uniformly to the right and left in the transverse direction of the manifold but more air flows to the right in the direction of the manifold end than in the opposite direction. This means that there is more process air at higher flow speed in the area of the fabric edge which is in the direction of the manifold end than in the opposite area of the fabric edge which is away from the manifold end. This resulting difference in heat transfer on the fabric results in an unacceptable difference and varying fabric wastage in the edge area, both during drying as well as during the setting and finishing processes (the so-called right / left non-uniformity). - Different state of the art approaches are known to prevent the above disadvantage:
In one approach, so-called "stumbling edges" (25) are used, as shown inFigs. 1(b)(i)-(b)(iii) , which ensure a roughly perpendicular air discharge (21) from the manifold having square shaped opening (29) through vortex formation and thus ensure a uniform discharge onto the fabric (12). However, the aerodynamic losses of this approach due to the vortex formation and the unfavourable restriction factor caused by the square shaped openings are relatively high. - In another approach, the outlet openings in the manifold are staggered, as shown in
Figs. 1(c)(i)-(c)(iii) , for obtaining a perpendicular air discharge (21) from circular opening (26) on the manifold, i.e., the manifold is provided with a compensation angle with respect to the vertical plane using a zigzag-shaped design (27) of the manifold wall, which compensates the discharge angle as accurately as possible in case of the straight i.e. non-staggered outlet openings of the manifold. This approach, however, is significantly more complex to manufacture which results in additional aerodynamic losses due to the slightly zigzag-shaped manifold plate (27) that is folded. - Unlike the apparatus disclosed in the above cited prior art documents, the manifold claimed in the present application is simple in construction, does not involve any intermediate components interfering with the core air/gas stream flowing through the nozzle and have nozzles of greater cross-sectional area thereby increasing the efficiency of treatment of the fabric/material. Further the nozzles do not possess any annular slits or perforations which are responsible for aerodynamic losses.
- The object of the present invention is to provide an aerodynamically efficient manifold at the delivery end of a blower/dryer for treatment of fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material in which a uniform distribution of fluid across length and breadth of manifold can be obtained with good treatment results of fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
- This objective is achieved by providing at least one manifold at the delivery end of blower/dryer, having a plate with at least one outlet opening which is conical having narrow inlet facing inside of the distribution channel of the manifold and wide outlet flush with the outer surface of the manifold plate and wherein fluid stream uniformly exits from the outlet opening across the length of the plate and the flow direction is controlled by varying the depth of the conical opening.
- The manifold according to the invention is defined in claim 1. Claims 2 to 6 define preferred embodiments of the invention.
- The present invention will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawings wherein the same numerals are used to denote the same part. However, the drawings only illustrate the invention and in no way limit the invention.
- The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to the bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the invention. Accordingly, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration purpose only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
- In the accompanying drawings:
-
Figure 2(i) shows front view of the manifold according to this invention. -
Figure 2(ii) shows side view of the manifold according to this invention. -
Figure 2(iii) shows enlarged view of outlet opening of the manifold shown infigure 2(ii) . -
Figure 2(iv) shows elevation view of computational fluid flow diagram of outlet opening shown infigure 2(iii) . -
Figure 2(v) shows side view of computational fluid flow diagram of outlet opening shown infigure 2(iii) . -
Figure 3(i) shows top view of outlet opening of the manifold according to this invention. -
Figure 3(ii) shows flow diagram of fluid exiting through an outlet opening according to this invention. -
Figures 4(a)(i), 4(b)(i) and 4(c)(i) show sectional view of outlet openings of varying depths along line A-A inFigs. 4(a)(ii), 4(b)(ii) and 4(c)(ii) respectively. -
Figures 4(a)(ii), 4(b)(ii) and 4(c)(ii) show elevation outlet openings of varying depths. -
Figures 4(a)(iii), 4(b)(iii) and 4(c)(iii) show elevation view of computational fluid flow diagram of conical outlet opening of varying depths -
Figure 5 shows schematic diagram of a pair of manifolds at the delivery end of a blower/dryer according to this invention. - In the above described figures, the following numerals indicate the objects/parts stated/described against the said numerals:
- 12 - Fabric, Cellulosic or Other Fibrous Material;
- 14/16- Manifold as per the present invention;
- 21 - Fluid Stream exiting from the distribution channel;
- 22 - Feed Channel of the blower;
- 23 - Fluid Stream inside the distribution channel;
- 24 - Angle of inclination
- 44 - Plate of the distribution channel;
- 46 - Entry Port of the distribution channel;
- 50 - Distribution Channel of the manifold;
- 63 - Outlet Opening;
- 64 - Narrow Inlet of outlet opening;
- 65 - Wide Outlet of outlet opening;
- 66 - Turbulence of hot air/fluid;
- 68 -Depth of the conical outlet opening.
- According to this invention, manifold (14/16) has a distribution channel (50) with an entry port (46) which is connected to the delivery end via feed channel (22) of a blower/dryer (not shown). The distribution channel (50) is closed at the other end, making it a closed distribution channel (50). In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the distribution channel (50) tapers from the entry port (46) to the other closed end, which typically resembles the dome shape of a chimney, to avoid problem of non-uniform treatment of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material. Consequently, the cross sectional area of the distribution channel (50) reduces towards the closed end. The manifold (14/16) comprises of a plate (44), having at least one outlet opening (63) which is conical, with narrow inlet (64) facing inside of the distribution channel (50) and wide outlet (65) flush with the outer surface of the plate (44) over which passes the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12). In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, more than one outlet openings (63) are provided on the plate (44) of the manifold (14/16). The fluid (23) is fed into the manifold (14/16) from the feed channel (22) of a blower/dryer through the entry port (46). From the entry port (46), the fluid stream (23) flows into distribution channel (50) and then it is blown (21) onto the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) through the conical outlet opening(s) (63) on the plate (44).
- In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the sectional area of the distribution channel (50) is such that approximately the same amount of fluid is discharged from all the conical outlet openings (63) regardless of their distance from the port area (46).
- The fluid (23) flows from the narrow inlet (64) to the wide outlet (65) of the conical outlet opening (63) on the plate (44) of the manifold (14/16) and therefore exits (21) at right angle to the plate (44).
- The conical outlet opening (63) minimises internal aerodynamic losses and thus improves mass flow rate and provides more streamlined laminar flow. Due to improvement in mass flow rate, drying/cooling efficiency is improved with same amount of energy consumption.
- In another preferable embodiment according to the present invention, conical outlet opening(s) (63) is/are nearly circular or oval. Due to the said nearly circular/oval shape of the conical outlet opening(s) (63) very smooth, less turbulent flow of fluid with high velocity is achieved which results in more mass flow rate and better drying/cooling efficiency. Further, the said conical outlet openings (63) are preferably embossed into the plate (44).
- Since individual corrective measures for the discharge angle such as stumbling edges and staggering of the outlet openings on the manifold are avoided by implementing the innovated conical outlet opening design which is very simple and aerodynamically advantageous to implement, excellent aerodynamics is achieved with little effort, which reduces the manufacturing cost as well as the energy consumption of the system.
- In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the conical outlet opening (63) has been designed to ensure that no sharp edges will come in contact with the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material, especially knit fabric by making the wide outlet (65) of the conical outlet opening (63) flush with the outer surface of the plate (44).
- In another preferable embodiment of the present invention, the plate (44) has conical outlet openings (63) across its length and breadth, as shown in
fig. 2(i) . - In yet another preferable embodiment of the present invention, the conical outlet opening(s) (63) are arranged in one or more rows, with or without offset to each other.
- In yet another preferable embodiment of the present invention, the plate (44) serves as a wall to the distribution channel (50) and is placed on top side of the distribution channel (50)..
- In yet another preferable embodiment of the present invention, manifolds (14 and 16) are mirror images of each other.
Figure 5 is an illustration of one such preferable embodiment, which shows a schematic diagram of a pair of manifolds (14 and 16) at the delivery end of a blower/dryer. - As shown in
fig 3(ii) , the fluid stream (23) flows approximately horizontal through the distribution channel (50) and is deflected in a nearly vertical direction to stream out (21) of the conical outlet opening (63). The fluid stream (23) flows from the narrow inlet (64) to the wide outlet (65) of the conical outlet opening (63). This causes turbulence (66) on that half side of the conical outlet opening (63), which is located in the direction to the fluid entrance to the manifold (14/16), i.e. against the flow direction of the fluid (23) inside the distribution channel (50). This turbulence (66) in turn causes a low pressure, which pulls the fluid stream in a sufficiently accurate 90° vertical direction when it flows out (21) through the conical outlet opening (63). This is similar to the Coanda Effect, which is known from fluid dynamics. Depending on the ratio - sum of the fluid outlet cross section area to the fluid-inlet cross-section area of an outlet opening (63), more or less low pressure is needed to achieve the 90° vertical direction of the fluid stream (21). This can be achieved by varying the depth (68) of the conical outlet opening(s) (63). A 90° vertical out streaming of the fluid ensures a 90° vertical striking of the fluid (21) onto the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) which in turn causes a uniform down streaming of the fluid along the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) in the direction of both edges of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12). This uniform down streaming results in uniform drying/cooling across the length and width of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12). - In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, said outlet opening (63) works on the convergent-divergent nozzle principle, wherein the convergent part of outlet opening (63) is created virtually inside distribution channel (50) by fluid stream (23) as shown in
Fig 2(v) . Narrow inlet (64) of outlet opening gives throttling effect or Venturi effect to fluid flowing out from the wider outlet opening (65) which is the so called divergent part of outlet opening (63). Due to this throttling effect, kinetic energy of the fluid increases owing to the pressure and internal energy so created. The divergent part of the outlet opening (63) helps to control direction of fluid flow as it exits. - In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, rows of manifolds (14/16) are proposed on both sides of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) to be treated, between which spaces are provided, for discharging the fluid (21) blown out through the outlet openings (63).
- In yet another preferable embodiment of the present invention, the outlet opening (63) of the manifold (14/16) has varying depth.
- In yet another preferable embodiment of the present invention, one or more outlet opening(s) (63) of a manifold (14/16) vary in depth from the other outlet openings (63).
- The advantages of the present invention are as follows:
- 1. The manifold has low design cost and is aerodynamically efficient.
- 2. It maintains a more uniform outlet distribution of the fluid streams which ensures uniform treatment across the entire width of the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material.
- 3. Low manufacturing cost and time.
- 4. Easy to maintain.
- 5. Easy to define width wise manifold variants.
- 6. Outlet streaming velocity improved due to reduced aerodynamic losses.
- 7. Mass flow rate improved due to reduced aerodynamic losses.
- 8. Drying/cooling efficiency improved.
Claims (6)
- A manifold (14/16) for fluid treatment of a fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12), said manifold (14/ 16) comprising:a closed distribution channel (50) having an entry port (46) at one end to deliver fluid into the distribution channel (50); and,a plate (44) with at least one conical outlet opening (63);characterized by said conical outlet opening (63) having a narrow inlet (64) facing inside of the distribution channel (50) and a wide outlet (65) flush with the outer surface of the plate (44), over which the fabric, cellulosic or other fibrous material (12) passes.
- A manifold claimed in claim 1, characterized by the fact that its distribution channel (50) tapers from the entry port (46) to the other end.
- A manifold claimed in claim 1, characterized by the fact that its plate (44) has outlet openings (63) across its length and breadth.
- A manifold claimed in claim 3, characterized by the fact that the outlet opening(s) (63) are arranged in one or more rows, with or without offset to each other.
- A manifold claimed in claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that the shape of the outlet opening(s) (63) is/are nearly circular or oval.
- A manifold claimed in claims 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that one or more outlet opening(s) (63) vary in depths from the other outlet openings (63).
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IN1656MU2014 | 2014-05-15 | ||
PCT/IN2015/000209 WO2015173835A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | A manifold |
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EP3143199A1 EP3143199A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
EP3143199B1 true EP3143199B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
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EP15747844.7A Active EP3143199B1 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2015-05-15 | Manifold |
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EP (1) | EP3143199B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101983889B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106605023B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2748449T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015173835A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB920034A (en) * | 1960-02-26 | 1963-03-06 | Alberto Bacilieri | Jet drying apparatus |
DE2935866A1 (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1980-03-20 | Valmet Oy | RAILWAY DRYER ACCORDING TO THE AIR AIR PRINCIPLE |
GB2078356A (en) * | 1980-06-20 | 1982-01-06 | Greenbank Cast Basalt Eng | Drying or conditioning webs |
US4586268A (en) | 1982-02-19 | 1986-05-06 | Vepa Aktiengesellschaft | Heat treatment tunnel |
US4718178A (en) * | 1985-11-29 | 1988-01-12 | Whipple Rodger E | Gas nozzle assembly |
FI92421B (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-07-29 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Method for Air Drying of Substances, Nozzle Blower for an Air Dryer and Cellulose Dryer |
DE29704095U1 (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1998-07-02 | Kiersch, Walter, 22880 Wedel | Device for drying flat material |
DE19836834A1 (en) * | 1998-08-13 | 2000-03-02 | Brueckner Trockentechnik Gmbh | Device for the heat treatment of a web |
KR100470804B1 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2005-02-21 | 임호권 | waste-heat recovering system and cleaning-water auto filtering system and exhaust-gas regenerative system for tenter |
ITFI20080100A1 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-11-20 | Coramtex Srl | "MACHINE FOR THE PROCESSING OF FABRICS IN WIDE AND RELATIVE METHOD" |
-
2015
- 2015-05-15 WO PCT/IN2015/000209 patent/WO2015173835A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-15 EP EP15747844.7A patent/EP3143199B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-15 ES ES15747844T patent/ES2748449T3/en active Active
- 2015-05-15 CN CN201580026914.8A patent/CN106605023B/en active Active
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KR101983889B1 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
ES2748449T3 (en) | 2020-03-16 |
KR20170005818A (en) | 2017-01-16 |
CN106605023B (en) | 2020-03-10 |
CN106605023A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
WO2015173835A4 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
WO2015173835A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
EP3143199A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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