EP3136189A1 - Method for timer control of a timepiece - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for chronometric control or chronometric certification of a timepiece (1), comprising at least two statuses of the timepiece before and after at least one first static storage cycle in one or more predefined positions of the timepiece, said first static storage cycle comprising at least a first inclined position (³) of the timepiece.

Description

The invention relates to a chronometric control method and / or chronometric measurement and / or chronometric certification of a timepiece or a watch movement. It also relates to a chronometric control procedure and / or chronometric measurement and / or chronometric certification of a timepiece or a watch movement implementing such a method. It also relates to a method for producing or manufacturing or adjusting a timepiece or a watch movement. Finally, it relates to a watch movement or a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch, obtained by such a process of production or manufacture or adjustment. The invention also relates to a chronometric control device and / or chronometric measurement and / or chronometric certification of a timepiece or a watch movement.

Precision is essential for a wristwatch. It can vary greatly depending on the design of the watch, the quality of components, the care taken in assembly and adjustment, but also the conditions to wear.

Several labels and certificates, independent or proprietary, are intended to certify, among others, the accuracy of movement of watch movements or finished products. These may result from standards-based tests or from another method. According to these tests, the precision of the movement or the watch can be measured in static mode according to five or even six predefined positions, called "clock positions", or in dynamic mode on an installation able to reproduce the particular movements of a specific carrier.

Among the contemporary certifications, the official Swiss (COSC certificate) and German (LMET / SLME certificate) certifications, based on standards, are explicitly detailed. These provide for status readings only in five watch positions according to different temperature conditions.

Swiss official certification is guaranteed by the COSC (Swiss Official Chronometer Testing Institute) which is an official and independent body whose mission is to control the accuracy of watch movements. The latter strictly applies the ISO 3159 standard which stipulates the definition of the "stopwatch" with a balance-spring oscillator, and the movements that satisfy the criteria enunciated by this standard receive an "official chronometer certificate". The movements are observed for fifteen consecutive days, and are subject to a program comprising static storages in the different reference horological positions. It is clearly stated that these events are not intended to simulate the behavior of the movement when wearing the wristwatch. Seven criteria must all be met for a movement to obtain the certificate.

The German certification is distinguished by the fact that it concerns the nested watches, and not the movements. This is provided by the Thuringia (LMET) and Saxony (SLME) Weights and Measures Offices, which strictly apply DIN 8319 with the aim of issuing a "chronometer" certificate. The test program is similar to that of the COSC, namely that the watches are observed for fifteen days, according to five watch positions and in three different temperatures. Seven criteria must all be met for a watch to obtain the certificate. They are similar to those of the COSC.

Patent applications also concern time measurement methods or chronometric certification of a timepiece or a watch movement.

The patent application EP2458458A1 relates to a precision measuring method of a mechanical watch implementing at least one visual display. It is intended to locate and record the configuration of the switch of a timepiece at least two given times to deduce a first and a second time values displayed by the timepiece. The time difference of the timepiece that is displayed by the device associated with the process is then given by the time difference between these two display values which is compared with the time difference given by a third time base. .

The patent application CH704688 specifically relates to a method of certifying a chronograph watch. Such a test is intended to verify in particular the chronometry of the chronograph part of the watch, regardless of the operation of the basic movement (preferably chronometer certified beforehand).

The patent application CH707013 also discloses a timekeeping qualification protocol of a time counter. It is specified that two measurements can be made: one in position "CH" and the other in position "6H" according to ISO 3158.

A number of studies have also been conducted to better understand the conditions of wearing wristwatches, as well as their chronometry.

J.-C. Beuchat, A. Botta and R. Grandjean, in "Measurement of certain conditions of the wear of the wristwatch: temperature, magnetic fields, accelerations due to shocks, positions" (Annual Bulletin of the SSC and the LSRH , Vol V, 1969 ), aim in particular to experimentally apprehend the running time of a wristwatch in a given position when wearing it. To do this, a position detector of a format similar to that of a wristwatch was created, and was worn on the wrist by four experimenters over the course of nine days. Only the time spent by the detector in the six clock positions are determined. Thus, the acquisition time does not reflect the real time to wear, and does not determine whether a privileged wear position is different from fundamental watch positions. The authors do not formulate a conclusion, and only indicate that the "HH" and "VG" positions (respectively "Top Dial" and "6H" according to the name of ISO 3158) should prevail.

D. Jacquet, in "Chronometric Impact of the Wearing of the Wristwatch on a Spiral Swing Oscillator - Applications to the Calculation of the Probable Day March" (Act No. 20 of the 52nd Congress of the SSC, 1977 ), describes an expression of the probable march of the watch based on the various instantaneous steps recorded in the six horological positions, and weighted by coefficients representing the probabilities of existence of these configurations during wearing.

J.-P. Bernet, A. Hoffmann, in "Static simulation of the average wear of the wristwatch - Effect on the daytime running" (ICC Conference Report No. B2.4, 1979) ), discloses an experimental campaign with the aim of implementing the model described in the aforementioned document. In a first approach, the weighting coefficients are derived from D. Jacquet's probabilistic theory, which leads to some negative weighting values. It is so delicate to establish a correlation between the reality of wearing and the theory of the model. In a second approach, the weighting coefficients are extracted from the experimental device of J.-C. Beuchat, A. Botta and R. Grandjean, in "Measurement of certain conditions of the wear of the wristwatch: temperature, magnetic fields, accelerations due to shocks, positions" (Annual Bulletin of the SSC and the LSRH , Vol V, 1969 ), which are not representative of the reality of wearing.

The object of the invention is to provide a chronometric control method improving the control methods known from the prior art. In particular, the invention proposes a control method that better takes into account the conditions of wearing wristwatches.

A method of time control or chronometric certification of a timepiece according to the invention is defined by claim 1.

Different embodiments of the method are defined by dependent claims 2 to 9.

A device according to the invention is defined by claim 10.

Embodiments of the device are defined by dependent claims 11 and 12.

A method of producing or adjusting a timepiece according to the invention is defined by claim 13.

An embodiment of the production or adjustment process is defined by claim 14.

A timepiece or a movement according to the invention is defined by claim 15.

The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, embodiments of methods and devices according to the invention.

The figure 1 is an illustration of a timepiece in clock position 12H, that is λ = 0 ° and θ = 0 ° according to the ISO 3158 standard.

The figure 2 is an illustration of the timepiece in nonzero position λ and θ = 0 ° according to ISO 3158.

The figure 3 is an illustration of the timepiece in non-zero position θ according to the ISO 3158 standard.

The figure 4 is a graph representing the variations of the walking of a timepiece as a function of the amplitude of the oscillations of the regulating organ of the timepiece.

The figure 5 is a graph showing an example of association made between any positions of a timepiece and six conventional horological positions, as well as an intermediate inclined position.

The figure 6 is a diagram of a specific embodiment of a chronometric control device or chronometric certification of a timepiece according to the invention.

The running accuracy of a timepiece being dependent in particular on the conditions of wear, it is appropriate to propose a test to be the most representative of the "real" wear of the wristwatch. For this purpose, the work of the applicant combined a first study of understanding the behavior of the watch in the gravity field and a second study of understanding the statistical behavior of the watch to wear. These studies have shown that it is possible to optimize the representativeness of such a test by optimizing the static storage of the timepiece which includes one or more positioning phases of the timepiece.

More particularly, these studies led to the implementation of a method of control or certification of a timepiece that is distinguished by the fact that it comprises, in addition to the positioning phases of the part timepiece in conventional watch positions, a phase of positioning the timepiece in another position, called "intermediate position" or "position γ" or "inclined position". The time of storage of the timepiece in each of the positions can also be optimized to approach closer to the positions in which the timepiece is at a real wear by a wearer.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the control or certification method includes at least two status reports of the timepiece before and after at least one static storage cycle. By "static storage cycle" we mean one or more phases of positioning the timepiece in a predefined position.

The position of the timepiece in space is defined, as in ISO 3158, by two rotations from a determined home position. For this purpose, two orthogonal markers R1 and R2 are considered as illustrated by the Figures 1 to 3 . It is also considered that the timepiece 1 has a classic flat dial 2 (even if this is not the case, as will be seen below and as is also described in ISO 3158).

The first orthogonal reference frame R1 (O, i, j, k) is a fixed and direct reference, with O as the origin in the center of the dial 2 of the timepiece 1. The vectors i and j are horizontal. The vector k is vertical and opposite to the vector g of the terrestrial gravitational field. The vectors i and j thus define a plane perpendicular to the vector k.

The second orthogonal reference frame R2 (O, u, v, w) is a rotating marker which is linked to the timepiece 1. The orthogonal reference mark R2 (O, u, v, w) is a direct reference. The vector u is a vector parallel to the plane of the dial such that a line passing through the origin O and oriented according to this vector passes through the mark 209 corresponding to the 9 o'clock indication of the dial 2. The vector v is a perpendicular vector at the plane of the dial 2 and oriented from the plane of the dial 2 to the mirror 3 of the timepiece 1. The vector w is a vector parallel to the plane of the dial such as a line passing through the origin O and oriented according to this vector passes through the marker 212 corresponding to the indication 12 o'clock of the dial 2.

In an initial position of the timepiece corresponding to the name 12H according to the ISO 3158 standard, as represented on the figure 1 , the vectors u, v, w are respectively merged with the vectors i, j, k, in other words, the dial of the timepiece is parallel to the gravitational field, the half-axes oriented Oi (called "Oi" because passing through the origin O and oriented according to the vector i) and Ok (called "Ok" because passing through the origin O and oriented according to the vector k) pass respectively by the markers 209 and 212 of the dial 2 and the vector w is opposite to the vector g of the terrestrial gravitational field.

• Un premier angle orienté λ (appelé longitude) entre les vecteurs k et w sous l'effet d'une rotation de la pièce d'horlogerie autour du demi-axe orienté Oj, tel que représenté sur la figure 2.
• Un deuxième angle orienté ϑ (appelé latitude) entre les vecteurs j et v sous l'effet d'une rotation de la pièce d'horlogerie autour du demi-axe orienté Oi, tel que représenté sur la figure 3.

à partir de la position initiale de la pièce d'horlogerie en position 12H et illustrée par la figure 1, dans laquelle λ =0° et ϑ =0°.Any position of the timepiece is defined by:

• A first angle oriented λ (called longitude) between the vectors k and w under the effect of a rotation of the timepiece around the oriented half-axis Oj, as represented on the figure 2 .
• A second oriented angle θ (called latitude) between the vectors j and v under the effect of a rotation of the timepiece around the oriented half-axis Oi, as shown in FIG. figure 3 .

from the initial position of the timepiece in position 12H and illustrated by the figure 1 where λ = 0 ° and θ = 0 °.

• 0° ≤ λ < 360°, avec λ : l'angle positif formé lors d'une rotation de la pièce d'horlogerie autour du demi-axe orienté Oj perpendiculaire au plan du cadran entre le vecteur k opposé au champ de gravitation et le vecteur w défini tel qu'une ligne passant par l'origine O du cadran et orientée selon ce vecteur passe par le repère correspondant à l'indication 12 heures du cadran, la pièce d'horlogerie étant observée côté cadran, ledit cadran étant parallèle au champ de gravitation.
• -90° ≤ ϑ ≤ 90°, avec ϑ : l'angle formé lors d'une rotation de la pièce d'horlogerie autour du demi-axe orienté Oi entre le vecteur j et le vecteur v perpendiculaire au plan du cadran et orienté du cadran vers la glace de la pièce d'horlogerie. Par convention, ϑ = 90° lorsque la pièce d'horlogerie est disposée en position CH (Cadran Haut), et ϑ = -90° lorsque la lorsque la pièce d'horlogerie est disposée en position FH (Fond Haut).

In other words, the angles λ and θ can be defined as follows:

• 0 ° ≤ λ <360 °, with λ : the positive angle formed during a rotation of the timepiece about the half axis oriented Oj perpendicular to the plane of the dial between the vector k opposite the gravitational field and the vector w defined such that a line passing through the origin O of the dial and oriented according to this vector passes through the mark corresponding to the indication 12 o'clock of the dial, the timepiece being observed dial side, said dial being parallel to the gravitational field.
• -90 ° ≤ θ ≤ 90 °, with θ: the angle formed during a rotation of the timepiece around the half axis oriented Oi between the vector j and the vector v perpendicular to the plane of the dial and oriented from dial towards the ice of the timepiece. By convention, θ = 90 ° when the timepiece is arranged in position CH (High Dial), and θ = -90 ° when the timepiece when the timepiece is arranged in position FH (Bottom Top).

The angles λ and θ thus defined coincide with those of the ISO 3158 standard.

All positions obtained by rotational symmetry around the axis k can be considered equivalent.

• la différence temporelle entre les première et deuxième valeurs d'affichage de la pièce d'horlogerie lors respectivement des premier et deuxième relevés d'état, et
• la différence temporelle donnée par une base de temps de référence tierce entre les instants des premier et deuxième relevés d'état.

The method described below has been developed for the purpose of determining the running accuracy, including the diurnal running accuracy, of a timepiece. A time difference of the timepiece is measured and given by the time difference between:

• the time difference between the first and second display values of the timepiece during the first and second status reports respectively, and
• the time difference given by a third reference time base between the instants of the first and second status readings.

Thus, the method comprises at least two status surveys of the timepiece before and after at least one first storage cycle in at least one predefined position of the timepiece, the at least one predefined position being a first inclined position γ of the timepiece. In other words, when the first static storage cycle has a single predefined position of the timepiece, the predefined position is the first inclined position γ of the timepiece and, when the first static storage cycle has several predefined positions of the timepiece, the predefined positions comprise at least the first inclined position γ of the timepiece. In other words, the first static storage cycle has at least a first inclined position γ of the timepiece.

An inclined position is preferably such that the plane of the dial of the timepiece is neither parallel to the earth's gravitational field, nor perpendicular to the earth's gravitational field.

The first inclined position γ is for example such that the normal to the dial (the vector v) forms, with the vector g, an angle (non-oriented) of between 110 ° and 175 °, in particular between 110 ° and 110 °. 160 °, in particular substantially equal to 135 °.

• λ la longitude,
• ϑ : la latitude.

The first inclined position is for example such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ ∈ [20 °, 85 °], in particular in which λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ ∈ [20 °, 70 °] °], in particular in which λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ = 45 °, with:

• λ the longitude,
• θ: the latitude.

Preferably, the first position γ is such that the angle λ is equal to or substantially equal to 180 °.

In other words, the storage cycle preferably comprises at least one storage phase in the inclined position γ which can in particular be between the clock position CH (such that λ = 180 ° and θ = 90 °) and a vertical clock position, in particular the position 6H (such that λ = 180 ° and θ = 0 °), with λ = 180 ° and invariant.

Advantageously, the storage cycle may furthermore comprise at least one storage phase in one of the conventional clock positions, in particular in a second position 3H (such that λ = 90 ° and θ = 0 °) and / or a third position 6H ( such that λ = 180 ° and θ = 0 °) and / or a fourth position 9H (such that λ = 270 ° and θ = 0 °) and / or a fifth position 12H (such that λ = 0 ° and θ = 0 °) and / or a sixth position CH (such that θ = 90 °) and / or a seventh position FH (such that θ = -90 °). The storage cycle may also comprise at least one second inclined position γ ', different from the position γ, in which λ and θ are predetermined. Advantageously, the second inclined position is such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ ∈ [20 °, 85 °], in particular such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ ∈ [20 °, 70 °] °], especially such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ = 45 °.

avec : $$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{a}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0.05}\le \mathrm{a}\le \mathrm{0.85}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{b}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{b}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{c}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{c}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{d}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{d}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{e}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{e}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{FH}}=\mathrm{f}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{f}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{CH}}=\mathrm{g}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{g}\le \mathrm{1}\end{array}$$

en particulier : $${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{a}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0.1}\le \mathrm{a}\le \mathrm{0.4}$$

notamment : $${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{a}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; avec}\mathrm{0.15}\le \mathrm{a}\le \mathrm{0.35}$$

préférentiellement : $$\{\begin{array}{c}0.3\le b+c+d+e\le 0.85\\ 0.1\le f+g\le 0.4\end{array}$$

For a storage cycle, in particular a static storage cycle according to different positions, of a duration t, the applicant's studies have furthermore shown that the storage times in the positions could preferentially be described as follows: $$\Sigma t_k=\mathit{t\; with\; k}\in \left\{\gamma ,3H,6H,9H,12H,\mathit{F\; H},\mathit{CH}\right\}$$

with: $$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0.05}\le \mathrm{at}\le \mathrm{0.85}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{b}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{b}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{vs}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{vs}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{d}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{d}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{e}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{e}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{F\; H}}=\mathrm{f}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{f}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{CH}}=\mathrm{boy\; Wut}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{boy\; Wut}\le \mathrm{1}\end{array}$$

in particular : $${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0.1}\le \mathrm{at}\le \mathrm{0.4}$$

especially : $${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0.15}\le \mathrm{at}\le \mathrm{0.35}$$

preferentially: $$\{\begin{array}{c}0.3\le b+\mathrm{vs}+d+e\le 0.85\\ 0.1\le f+\mathrm{boy\; Wut}\le 0.4\end{array}$$

Preferably, the storage cycle is a static storage cycle, that is to say a storage cycle where the timepiece is kept stationary in a position in each storage phase.

The storage times in each phase can be equal. However, preferably, the storage times in each positioning phase of the timepiece are not equal so as to obtain an image as accurate as possible of the typical wear of the timepiece.

Advantageously, the temperature and / or pressure conditions may change over the duration t of the at least one first storage cycle, in particular as a function of the storage phases or storage positions of the timepiece.

An auxiliary clock function, in particular a chronograph function or a calendar function, can be activated during all or part of the duration t of the storage cycle.

The method may comprise a second storage cycle of the timepiece, said second storage cycle being provided to scan the timepiece a continuum of positions in space.

In a first embodiment, the storage cycle of a duration t is reduced to a static storage cycle in one or more predefined positions of the timepiece.

In a second preferred embodiment, the storage cycle may include, in addition to a static storage cycle in one or more predefined positions of the timepiece, a dynamic storage cycle of the timepiece. By "dynamic storage" we mean a mode of storage of the timepiece allowing it to scan a continuum of positions in space, for example by the through a suitable device with at least one axis of rotation. The linear speed of the timepiece can be constant or not.

avec : $$\sum {\mathit{tʹ}}_k=\mathit{tʹ\; avec\; k}\in \left\{\gamma ,3H,6H,9H,12H,\mathit{FH},\mathit{CH}\right\}$$

$$\sum {\mathit{tʺ}}_k=\mathit{tʺ\; avec\; k}\in \left\{\gamma ,3H,6H,9H,12H,\mathit{FH},\mathit{CH}\right\}$$

et : $$\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_{\gamma }=a\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{3H}=b\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{6H}=c\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{9H}=d\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{12H}=e\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{\mathit{FH}}=f\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{\mathit{CH}}=g\mathrm{.}t\end{array}$$

$$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathit{tʹ}}_{\gamma }=\mathit{aʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\\ {\mathit{tʹ}}_{3H}=\mathit{bʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\\ {\mathit{tʹ}}_{6H}=\mathit{cʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\\ {\mathit{tʹ}}_{9H}=\mathit{dʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\\ {\mathit{tʹ}}_{12H}=\mathit{eʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\\ {\mathit{tʹ}}_{\mathit{FH}}=\mathit{fʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\\ {\mathit{tʹ}}_{\mathit{CH}}=\mathit{gʹ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʹ}\end{array}$$

$$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathit{tʺ}}_{\gamma }=\mathit{aʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\\ {\mathit{tʺ}}_{3H}=\mathit{bʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\\ {\mathit{tʺ}}_{6H}=\mathit{cʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\\ {\mathit{tʺ}}_{9H}=\mathit{dʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\\ {\mathit{tʺ}}_{12H}=\mathit{eʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\\ {\mathit{tʺ}}_{\mathit{FH}}=\mathit{fʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\\ {\mathit{tʺ}}_{\mathit{CH}}=\mathit{gʺ}\mathrm{.}\mathit{tʺ}\end{array}$$

In this second embodiment, for a storage cycle of a duration t composed of a static storage cycle of a duration t 'and of a dynamic storage cycle of a duration t ", the storage times in the different positions can be defined as follows: $$\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_{\gamma }={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{\gamma }+{\mathit{t"}}_{\gamma }\\ t_{3H}={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{3H}+{\mathit{t"}}_{3H}\\ t_{6H}={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{6H}+{\mathit{t"}}_{6H}\\ t_{9H}={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{9H}+{\mathit{t"}}_{9H}\\ t_{12H}={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{12H}+{\mathit{t"}}_{12H}\\ t_{\mathit{F\; H}}={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{\mathit{F\; H}}+{\mathit{t"}}_{\mathit{F\; H}}\\ t_{\mathit{CH}}={\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{\mathit{CH}}+{\mathit{t"}}_{\mathit{CH}}\end{array}$$

with: $$\Sigma {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_k=\mathit{you\; with\; k}\in \left\{\gamma ,3H,6H,9H,12H,\mathit{F\; H},\mathit{CH}\right\}$$

$$\Sigma {\mathit{t"}}_k=\mathit{t"\; with\; k}\in \left\{\gamma ,3H,6H,9H,12H,\mathit{F\; H},\mathit{CH}\right\}$$

and $$\{\begin{array}{c}{t}_{\gamma }=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{3H}=b\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{6H}=\mathrm{vs}\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{9H}=d\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{12H}=e\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{\mathit{F\; H}}=f\mathrm{.}t\\ t_{\mathit{CH}}=\mathrm{boy\; Wut}\mathrm{.}t\end{array}$$

$$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{\gamma }=\mathit{at}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\\ {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{3H}=\mathit{b\; \text{'}}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\\ {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{6H}=\mathit{vs}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\\ {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{9H}=\mathit{of}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\\ {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{12H}=\mathit{e\text{'}}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\\ {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{\mathit{F\; H}}=\mathit{f\text{'}}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\\ {\mathit{t\; \text{'}}}_{\mathit{CH}}=\mathit{boy\; Wut}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t\; \text{'}}\end{array}$$

$$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathit{t"}}_{\gamma }=\mathit{at}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\\ {\mathit{t"}}_{3H}=\mathit{b"}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\\ {\mathit{t"}}_{6H}=\mathit{vs}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\\ {\mathit{t"}}_{9H}=\mathit{d"}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\\ {\mathit{t"}}_{12H}=\mathit{e"}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\\ {\mathit{t"}}_{\mathit{F\; H}}=\mathit{f"}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\\ {\mathit{t"}}_{\mathit{CH}}=\mathit{boy\; Wut}\mathrm{.}\mathit{t"}\end{array}$$

The values of the coefficients a "to g" result from the programming of the dynamic storage device which defines the trajectory of the timepiece in the space. More particularly, the values of the coefficients a "to g" are derived from the calculation of the proportion of time spent by the timepiece in each of the positions γ, 3H, 6H, 9H, 12H, FH, CH, during its storage. dynamic.

The method of time control or chronometric certification of a timepiece according to the invention arises from the first and second studies of the applicant.

The first study makes it possible to understand the movement behavior in the gravity field in order to define the extent of all the positions that can be associated with each of the watch positions used in each of the storage phases. This study therefore makes it possible to define the transitions between the different watch positions. Thanks to the results of this study, it is possible to establish, notably on the basis of a criterion of chronometric behavior, a correspondence table between each position of the timepiece and a watch position used during the phase of the watch. storage of the timepiece. In other words, it is possible to associate with each position in which the timepiece may be when wearing, a watch position. In mathematical terms, it is therefore possible to perform a surjection of all the positions that the timepiece can occupy on a set of some reference positions preferably comprising all or part of the six reference clock positions.

To do this, walking and amplitude of several movements were measured for a large number of orientations in space. A development work consisted in positioning the movements in multiple positions as well in latitude as in longitude, and to allow the measurements of step and amplitude in each one of these positions for a constant pairing of the barrel .

During a measurement, the longitudes λ _i are scanned over 360 ° according to a predefined angular step, before the latitude θ _j is incremented in turn according to a predefined angular pitch, and so on until the realization of a complete "round trip" in latitude of movement (position CH - position FH - position CH). Run curves M ( λ _i , θ _j ) and amplitude A ( λ _i , θ _j ) for each of the timepiece references tested have thus been established.

Following statistical processing, these measurements made it possible to identify the changes in the timing of the timepiece's chronometric behavior with the aim of defining the transition limit between the horizontal and vertical behavior of the timepiece. To do this, after having previously subtracted the theoretical effect of the unbalance in the different positions, a representation of the step as a function of the amplitude M = f (A) has been established as represented on the figure 4 for example, the variations of the parameters being related to the variations of positions and not to the variations of load of the barrel.

More particularly, the characteristic M = f (A) has been established as a function of the latitude θ _j of the timepiece by considering a step average, as well as an average amplitude for all swept longitudes.

In other words : $$\begin{array}{l}M=f\left({\theta }_j\right)\\ \mathrm{AT}=f\left({\theta }_j\right)\end{array}\}\to M=f\left(\mathrm{AT}\right)$$

The figure 4 illustrates more particularly an isochronism curve representative of a characteristic timepiece. The transition limit between the horizontal and vertical behavior of the timepiece is given here when the difference in operation is significant compared to a reference value of the market. In other words, a "horizontal" behavior is distinguished from "vertical" behavior by a change in the slope of the isochronism curve.

By repeating this method for all the timepieces processed, a transition limit can be defined. The observed regime change occurs at an angle of inclination δ, with 45 ° <δ <85 °, starting from the position θ = 0 °, regardless of the previous orientation of the part watchmaking.

Regarding the different vertical positions, no significant change in regime was found.

Knowing the limit of transition between the horizontal and vertical behavior of the timepiece, and considering that no systematic effect modifies the chronometry of the timepiece irrespective of its vertical position, it is possible to produce a map of "typical" operating regimes, as illustrated in the figure 5 , which establishes a correspondence between any orientation ( λ _i , θ _j ) of the timepiece and the reference clock positions. The transition between the horizontal and vertical positions is given by the angle δ. The four vertical positions correspond, for their part, for example to the cutting of the remaining surface into four equal portions, without counting a region which is associated with the inclined position γ.

The second study, in turn, to understand the direction of the timepiece when wearing, including apprehend its orientation or position when it is on the wrist of a wearer. The study therefore focused on the acquisition and processing of position measurements during porters. It has made it possible to identify, through an experimental measurement campaign, a continuum of positions scanned in space by a panel of carriers and the probabilities or times associated with each position of this continuum.

At the end of this study, it is possible to establish a map representing the probability density of the wearing positions of the timepiece of an "average wearer". The probability for each orientation domain can in particular be represented as a function of the longitude λ _i and the latitude θ _j of the timepiece. The probability per orientation domain ( λ _i , θ _j ) depends on the fineness chosen for the mesh, but the sum of the probabilities is always equivalent to 1. The sum of the probabilities p λ _i , θ _j for an orientation ( λ _i , θ _j ) can be defined as follows: $${\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_j}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_j}=1,\{\begin{array}{c}0°\le {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<360°\\ -90°\le {\mathrm{\theta }}_j\le 90°\end{array}$$

A detailed analysis of the results of this second study made it possible to determine the inclined position (γ). Indeed, the probability density map of positions indicates totally unexpectedly a significant probability density in a particular orientation area. This represents about 30% of the time to wear measured. This zone is centered on an inclined position obtained by inclining the timepiece typically 45 ° between the clock positions 6H and CH. This can be extended according to the inventors' analysis as follows: $$-20°\le {\mathrm{\theta }}_j\le \mathit{\delta \text{'}}$$

et: $$\mathrm{\lambda }=180°$$

Preferentially: $$\mathrm{\delta \text{'}}=\mathrm{\delta }$$

and: $$\mathrm{\lambda }=180°$$

To validate the relevance of the position γ, the description of the measured data was analyzed and compared with and without the use of the position γ. The analysis shows that the description of the behavior of a "medium carrier" with the position γ is more representative of the carrier than that without the position γ. Thus, in the perspective of obtaining a method of chronometric control or chronometric certification of a timepiece that is the most representative of the wear of the timepiece and the "average wearer", it is advantageous to introduce the position inclined γ.

By combining the map of the operating regimes of the figure 5 and that of the probability densities of the positions, it is possible to define durations of the different storage phases to best represent a real wear during a chronometric control process or chronometric certification of a timepiece according to the invention. In other words, by treating, in particular by summing, the probabilities associated with all the positions defining a region, in particular a watch position (for example 9H), it is possible to determine a probability of operation of the timepiece in a regime close to the speed obtained when the timepiece is in such a position, especially in such a watch position. From this probability, it is possible to deduce a storage time of the timepiece in such a position, in particular in such a clock position, during the implementation of the method according to the invention. For example, the storage times in each phase can be proportional to the probabilities associated with each zone of the figure 5 . Of course, when the method is implemented with a storage of the timepiece in an inclined position, it is possible to define a region defining a set of positions of the timepiece associated with the inclined position (region γ shown in FIG. the figure 5 ).

$$\mathrm{b}={\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{c}={\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{d}={\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{e}={\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{borne\; inf\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{f}={\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{borne\; inf\; position\; FH}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position\; FH}\\ \mathrm{borne\; inf\; position\; FH}<{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position\; FH}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{g}={\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{borne\; inf\; position\; CH}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position\; CH}\\ \mathrm{borne\; inf\; position\; CH}<{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{borne\; sup\; position\; CH}\end{array}$$

et : $${\displaystyle \sum _{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\vartheta }}_j}=\mathrm{a}+\mathrm{b}+\mathrm{c}+\mathrm{d}+\mathrm{e}+\mathrm{f}+\mathrm{g}=1,\{\begin{array}{c}0°\le {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<360°\\ -90°\le {\mathrm{\vartheta }}_{\mathrm{j}}\le 90°\end{array}$$

The sum of the probabilities per region defined by the angles ( λ _i , θ _j ) being equal to 1, it is thus possible to express the coefficients a to g in the following way: $$\mathrm{at}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position\; \gamma }<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position\; \gamma }\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position\; \gamma }<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position\; \gamma }\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{b}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{vs}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{d}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{e}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position}\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{f}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position\; FH}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position\; FH}\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position\; FH}<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{terminal\; sup\; position\; FH}\end{array}$$

$$\mathrm{boy\; Wut}={\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position\; CH}<{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<\mathrm{bollard\; sup\; position\; CH}\\ \mathrm{terminal\; inf\; position\; CH}<{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}<\mathrm{bollard\; sup\; position\; CH}\end{array}$$

and $${\displaystyle \underset{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}}{\Sigma }}{\mathrm{p}}_{{\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}},{\mathrm{\theta }}_j}=\mathrm{at}+\mathrm{b}+\mathrm{vs}+\mathrm{d}+\mathrm{e}+\mathrm{f}+\mathrm{boy\; Wut}=1,\{\begin{array}{c}0°\le {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{\mathrm{i}}<360°\\ -90°\le {\mathrm{\theta }}_{\mathrm{j}}\le 90°\end{array}$$

Throughout this document, "timepiece" means in particular a watch movement or a watch.

As in the ISO 3158 standard, when a timepiece does not include a dial, it is assumed that it includes a dummy dial, in particular a fictitious conventional dial or a working dial. A working dial is a different dial of the dial that will present the finished timepiece, but still allows to read at any time an indication derived from time in order to perform a time control operation or chronometric certification.

A chronometric or chronometric certification device according to the invention may comprise static storage elements of at least one timepiece in at least the first position γ. Preferably, the chronometric or chronometric certification device further comprises static storage elements of at least one timepiece in at least one conventional horological position defined according to ISO 3158. Preferably, the storage elements comprise a housing of large volume to allow the simultaneous housing of several timepieces previously arranged or not in dedicated packaging for this purpose.

At least one element for acquiring state data makes it possible to carry out state of readings of at least one timepiece between two cycles or two phases of storage of the timepiece. The status reports are made or not when the timepieces are arranged on the storage elements. Preferably, the status reports preferably make it possible to establish simultaneous status records of several timepieces. As a variant, these status reports are almost simultaneous, thus making it possible to establish successive readings at high speed, for example by an automatic scanning allowing images to be taken of the different timepieces.

A chronometric or chronometric certification device according to the invention may also comprise elements for setting in motion at least one timepiece which are intended to make the watch sweep a continuum of positions in the watch. space. Preferably, they comprise housing of large volumes to allow the simultaneous housing of several timepieces previously arranged or not in dedicated packaging for this purpose.

The status reports are made or not when the timepieces are arranged on the elements for setting the timepieces in motion.

A specific embodiment of a device 10 for time control or chronometric certification of a timepiece 1 is described below with reference to FIG. figure 6 . It makes it possible to implement the chronometric control method or chronometric certification object of the invention.

To do this, the device comprises hardware and / or software elements configured so as to implement the method of the invention, in particular the embodiment of the method described above.

• Un bâti 16,
• Un support 12,
• Un élément de liaison mécanique 13, reliant mécaniquement le support au bâti,
• Un élément d'actionnement 14, 15, notamment un premier actionneur 14 et un deuxième actionneur 15,
• Un élément 11 d'acquisition de données d'état, notamment une caméra ou un appareil photographique ou un capteur optique,
• Une base de temps de référence 19,
• Une unité logique de traitement 18, notamment un microcontrôleur ou un microprocesseur,
• Une interface homme-machine 30.

The material elements include:

• A frame 16,
• A support 12,
• A mechanical connection element 13, mechanically connecting the support to the frame,
• An actuating element 14, 15, in particular a first actuator 14 and a second actuator 15,
• An element 11 for acquiring state data, in particular a camera or a camera or an optical sensor,
• A reference time base 19,
• A logic processing unit 18, in particular a microcontroller or a microprocessor,
• A human-machine interface 30.

The support is able to receive at least one timepiece. The timepiece is fixed, removably, on the support for the duration of implementation of the chronometric control method or chronometric certification. Thus, the support may comprise fixing elements of the timepiece. Alternatively, the support may comprise fixing elements of a packaging provided to include several timepieces.

The support is pivoted about an axis 20 on the mechanical connecting element 13. A pivot connection 22 is for example made between the support and the mechanical connecting element. Similarly, the mechanical connecting element is pivoted about an axis 21 relative to the frame 16. A pivot connection 23 is for example made between the connecting element mechanics and building. The axes 20 and 21 are preferably perpendicular

The actuating element 14, 15 makes it possible to move the mechanical connecting element relative to the frame 16 and to move the support 12 relative to the mechanical connecting element 13. In particular, the first actuator 14 makes it possible to move the mechanical connecting element relative to the support 12 and the second actuator 15 moves the mechanical connecting element relative to the frame 16. The actuators are preferably electromechanical actuators, such as geared motors and / or stepper motors driven by the logical processing unit.

In a simple manner, the angle of rotation of the support relative to the mechanical connection element about the axis defines the longitude and the rotation angle of the frame relative to the mechanical connection element around the axis 21 defines the latitude. The axes may however be arranged differently in the space so that a modification of a given angle of longitude or latitude must be performed by a composition of a rotation about the axis 20 and a rotation around the axis 21.

The element 11 for acquiring state data makes it possible to carry out the state reports. The acquisition element can be fixedly mounted on the support. The acquisition element is controlled by the processing logic unit 18. The processing logic unit preferably triggers the acquisition of the status reports. The status reports are transmitted to the logic processing unit 18 which comprises a module 181 for processing the state data, in particular an image processing module which makes it possible to determine an hourly data item from the position of the hands. of the timepiece at a given moment. The processing module may comprise software elements.

The logic processing unit 18 is also connected to the reference time base 19 which makes it possible to accurately determine the time elapsed between two status surveys of the timepiece.

The logic processing unit 18 is still connected to a man-machine interface 30. The interface makes it possible to control the device, in particular to control or trigger the execution of the method according to the invention. The interface also makes it possible to obtain results determined by the execution of the method, in particular to obtain a running information of the timepiece, in particular a gap information of the timepiece.

The logic processing unit is for example programmed to control the actuating element so as to set the timepiece in motion so that it or not sweeps a continuum of positions in space.

An embodiment of a method for producing or adjusting a timepiece according to the invention is further described below.

The method comprises a step of implementing the chronometric control method according to the invention, in particular an embodiment of the chronometric control method described above.

Optionally, the method comprises, in addition to the chronometric control step, at least one adjustment step of the timepiece. In particular, this adjustment step is dependent on information provided by the chronometric control method, such as the time difference provided by the chronometric control method. The invention also relates to the timepiece 1, in particular a wristwatch, obtained by the implementation of the chronometric or chronometric certification method according to the invention, in particular according to one of the execution modes. of the chronometric control or chronometric certification method described above, or obtained by the implementation of the production or adjustment method according to the invention, in particular according to the embodiment of the production or adjustment method described above.

Throughout this document, "storage cycle" means any succession of several storage phases. A static storage cycle consists of at least one static storage phase in which the timepiece is kept stationary in a determined position. By "static storage phase" is meant a phase during which the timepiece is immobilized in a specific position. This determined position may be the inclined position γ or a conventional watch position (3H, 6H, 9H, 12H, FH, CH).

A dynamic storage cycle consists of at least one dynamic storage phase in which the timepiece scans a determined continuum of positions along one or more given directions. A dynamic storage cycle does not include a static storage phase.

Throughout this document, the term "storage cycle" is understood to mean any period beginning with a first state of the timepiece and ending with a subsequent statement of state of the timepiece, this period being used in the method of time control or chronometric certification of the timepiece. Statements of State intermediates can also be made between two phases of storage of the timepiece, in particular in the case of a static storage cycle of the timepiece.

Throughout this document, by "conventional dial", is meant a dial designed to cooperate with rotating needles around its center, and comprising landmarks, including landmarks (203) corresponding to the indication "3 hours" , (206) corresponding to the indication "6 hours", (209) corresponding to the indication "9 hours" and (212) corresponding to the indication 12 hours. The hands turn counter-clockwise or clockwise when looking at the dial. The angle of position of the hands around the center of the dial is proportional to the time. The markings of 12 hours, 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours are respectively arranged at 90 ° from each other.

The notions of "oriented half-axis" and "oriented angle" must be understood in their usual and conventional mathematical sense. The axis or half-axis orientation accordingly sets the orientation of rotation about this axis or half-axis. By convention, a rotation of a body about an oriented half-axis is positive or has a positive angle when the body rotates clockwise about the half-axis, the body being observed in the direction oriented half-axis.

Claims (15)

Method for time control or chronometric certification of a timepiece (1), comprising at least two statuses of the timepiece before and after at least one first static storage cycle in at least one predefined position of the timepiece, the at least one predefined position comprising at least a first inclined position (γ) of the timepiece. The method of claim 1, wherein the first inclined position (γ) is defined by a first angle λ and a second angle θ such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ ∈ [20 °, 85 °], in particular such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ ∈ [20 °, 70 °], in particular such that λ ∈ [135 °, 225 °] and θ = 45 °, with: a first direct orthogonal coordinate system (O, i, j, k) with an origin (O) at the center of a dial (2) of the timepiece, a first oriented horizontal (Oi), horizontal and fixed half-axis in the direction of, a second half-axis oriented (Oj), horizontal and fixed in the direction and a third oriented semi-axis (Ok), vertical, fixed in the direction opposite to the vector gravitational field (g), - A first position of the timepiece in which the first half-axis (Oi) passes through a 9-hour mark (209) of the dial (2) and the third half-axis (Ok) passes through a mark of 12 hours (212) of the dial (2), - Any position of the timepiece is defined from the first position by a rotation of the angle λ around the second half-axis (Oj), then a rotation of the angle θ around the first half-axis (Oi ), λ being defined over an interval between 0 ° and 360 °, θ being defined over an interval between -90 ° and 90 °. The method of claim 2, wherein the first position (γ) is such that the angle λ is equal to or substantially equal to 180 °. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: the first static storage cycle furthermore comprises at least one storage phase in one of the conventional watch positions, in particular a second position 3H ( λ = 90 °, θ = 0 °) and / or a third position 6H ( λ = 180) °; θ = 0 °) and / or a fourth position 9H ( λ = 270 °; θ = 0 °) and / or a fifth position 12H ( λ = 0 °; θ = 0 °) and / or a sixth position CH ( θ = 90 °) and / or a seventh position FH ( θ = -90 °) and / or at least a second inclined position (γ '); and or the method comprises a second storage cycle of the timepiece, in particular a second cycle of dynamic storage of the timepiece in which the timepiece scans a determined continuum of positions. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, for a storage cycle of a duration (t), the respective storage times (t _γ ), (t _3H ), (t _6H ), (t _9H ), (t1 _2H ), (t _FH ), (t _CH ) associated with each of the positions (γ), (3H), (6H), (9H), (12H), (FH), (CH), of the piece watchmaking are defined as follows: $$\Sigma t_k=\mathit{t\; with\; k}\in \left\{\gamma ,3H,6H,9H,12H,\mathit{F\; H},\mathit{CH}\right\}$$

with: $$\{\begin{array}{c}{\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0.05}\le \mathrm{at}\le \mathrm{0.85}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{3}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{b}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{b}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{6}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{vs}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{vs}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{9}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{d}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{d}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{12}\mathrm{H}}=\mathrm{e}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{e}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{F\; H}}=\mathrm{f}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{f}\le \mathrm{1}\\ {\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{CH}}=\mathrm{boy\; Wut}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0}\le \mathrm{boy\; Wut}\le \mathrm{1}\end{array}$$

in particular : $${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0.1}\le \mathrm{at}\le \mathrm{0.4}$$

especially : $${\mathrm{t}}_{\mathrm{\gamma }}=\mathrm{at}\mathrm{.}\mathrm{t\; with}\mathrm{0.15}\le \mathrm{at}\le \mathrm{0.35}$$

Method according to the preceding claim, wherein: $$\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{0.3}\le \mathrm{b}+\mathrm{vs}+\mathrm{d}+\mathrm{e}\le \mathrm{0.85}\\ \mathrm{0.1}\le \mathrm{f}+\mathrm{boy\; Wut}\le \mathrm{0.4}\end{array}$$

Process according to one of Claims 5 and 6, in which: $$\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{at}\ne b\\ \mathrm{at}\ne \mathrm{vs}\\ \mathrm{at}\ne d\\ \mathrm{at}\ne e\\ \mathrm{at}\ne f\\ \mathrm{at}\ne \mathrm{boy\; Wut}\end{array}$$

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature and / or pressure conditions change over the duration (t) of the storage cycle, in particular as a function of the storage phases of the timepiece, in particular according to the static storage phases of the timepiece and / or characterized in that an auxiliary clock function, in particular a chronograph function or a calendar function, is activated during all or part of the duration (t ) of the storage cycle. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a time difference of the timepiece is measured and given by the time difference between: a time difference between two display values of the timepiece displayed during the at least two statuses of the timepiece, and - A time difference between the instants of the at least two statuses of the timepiece, given by a reference time base. Device (10) for chronometric control or chronometric certification of a timepiece, comprising material elements (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 30, 181) and / or software implementing the method according to one of the preceding claims. Device (10) according to the preceding claim, comprising elements (12, 13, 14, 15, 16) for static storage of at least one timepiece in at least the first position (γ). Device (10) according to claim 10 or 11, comprising elements (14, 15, 18) for setting the timepiece in motion, making it possible to scan the timepiece for a continuum of positions in space, the moving elements comprising for example a system provided with at least one axis (20, 21) of rotation. A process for producing or adjusting a timepiece, the method comprising a step of implementing the chronometric control method according to one of claims 1 to 9. Production or adjustment process according to the preceding claim, the method comprising at least one adjusting step, in particular a step-dependent adjustment step provided by the method according to claim 9. Timepiece (1), in particular a wristwatch, obtained by implementing the method according to one of claims 1 to 9 or 13 or 14.

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