EP3133626B1 - Disjoncteur électrique - Google Patents

Disjoncteur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3133626B1
EP3133626B1 EP16184435.2A EP16184435A EP3133626B1 EP 3133626 B1 EP3133626 B1 EP 3133626B1 EP 16184435 A EP16184435 A EP 16184435A EP 3133626 B1 EP3133626 B1 EP 3133626B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
arc
horn
pad
breaker according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16184435.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3133626A1 (fr
Inventor
Marc Rival
Hubert ROELANDT
Stéphane DYE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP3133626A1 publication Critical patent/EP3133626A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3133626B1 publication Critical patent/EP3133626B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/302—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/20—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/08—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric circuit breaker.
  • an arc extinguishing chamber equipped with a stack of metal sheets and a pair of lower and upper horns, in order to absorb electrical energy. associated with an electric arc.
  • the opening of the contacts is generally accompanied by the formation of an electric arc, said inter-electrode because generated between circuit breaker contacts.
  • the horns are configured to guide the electric arc towards the inside of the extinguishing chamber, in which the electric arc is first elongated and successively fractionated, using metal sheets.
  • the opening of the contacts can also be accompanied by a partial closure by mechanical rebound. This promotes reclapping between the contacts without absorption of the electrical energy of the electric arc in the extinguishing chamber and can lead to failure in breaking the circuit breaker.
  • each guide cheek has a profile that matches the shape of the metal sheets and are configured to switch the arc from a central area to a side area of the extinguishing chamber.
  • the electric arc is thus displaced on colder surfaces of the circuit breaker, which promotes its extinction.
  • the guide cheeks have a large area, which can lead to significant pressures, in cut, in the extinguishing chamber.
  • each guide cheek forms a screen between the movable contact and the steel parts of the circuit breaker.
  • the invention intends to remedy more particularly, by proposing a new electric circuit breaker which makes it possible to avoid any reclickering and not to generate overpressures inside the extinguishing chamber.
  • the invention relates to an electric circuit breaker comprising at least a first fixed pad, a support assembly equipped with at least one second pad and movable in rotation, about a main axis, between a first position where the second pellet is in contact with the first pellet and a second position where the second pellet is spaced from the first pellet and an arc extinguishing chamber comprising a stack of sheets, an upper arc guide horn, a lower horn of arc guide, equipped with at least one tab and a screen of insulating material surrounding the lower arc guide horn.
  • the circuit breaker also comprises two protuberances made of a gas-generating material, which are mounted on the screen, arranged between the lower horn and the upper arc-guiding horn and facing the lug of the lower arc-guiding horn. excrescences having a prismatic or pseudo-prismatic shape.
  • the upper arc guide horn comprises at least one gas evacuation orifice generated by at least one protrusion.
  • the excrescences can refocus the electric arc while cooling it by gas generation.
  • the cooling of the space between the contacts avoids reclamation despite a mechanical rebound of the contact finger.
  • the space between the contacts has a greater electrical capacity than normal.
  • the growths have a reduced size, so as not to disrupt the breaking performance of the circuit breaker, as well as its electrical endurance.
  • the electric circuit breaker 1 is configured to interrupt an electric current in an electric circuit.
  • the electric circuit breaker 1 is configured to interrupt all the currents and in particular the short-circuit currents in the electric circuit.
  • the electric circuit breaker 1 is a high-voltage low-voltage circuit breaker configured to cause the interruption of an intermediate-level current, for example, between 10 and 35 kilo-amperes (rms), and an electrical voltage comprised by for example, between 400 and 700V.
  • the electric circuit breaker 1 comprises an insulating housing 2.
  • the housing 2 comprises a base 3.
  • the base 3 defines a plane P3 of the housing 2.
  • the first and second pads 8 and 10 are electrical connection pads configured to electrically connect the electrical circuit with pads of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the first and second pads 8 and 10 are fixed on the base 3 of the casing 2.
  • the separable contact device 4 is configured to open or close the electrical circuit on which the circuit breaker 1 is installed.
  • the device 4 of the electric circuit breaker 1 comprises a contact mechanism 12, a support assembly 14 and a fixed main contact 16.
  • the contact mechanism 12 is configured, in known manner, to move the support assembly 14 between a first closed position of the electric circuit breaker 1 and a second open position of the electric circuit breaker 1.
  • the mechanism 12 is thus suitable moving the support assembly 14 between its first position and its second position by means of an arm 20 and as a function of electromagnetic and / or mechanical control.
  • the contact mechanism 12 comprises, among other elements, a spring device.
  • the circuit breaker 1 comprises an electromagnetic actuator and a mechanical actuator, which are not shown in the figures.
  • the electromagnetic actuator has a core, a coil and a cam system. In practice, when the electric circuit is traversed by an overload current or a short-circuit current, the electromagnetic actuator transmits an opening command of the circuit breaker 1 to the contact mechanism 12.
  • the mechanical actuator comprises a lever movable between a high position and a low position by a user.
  • the mechanical actuator transmits a command to the contact mechanism 12.
  • the main contact 16 of the electric circuit breaker 1 is connected to the first pad 8 of the casing 2 and comprises a first pad 18, which is thus called fixed pad.
  • the first pad 18 of the fixed main contact 16 is thus electrically connected to the first pad 8.
  • the first pellet 18 has a flat and elongated rectangular shape, as visible in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the main contact 16 comprises several pellets 18.
  • the main contact 16 also comprises an arc pellet 17.
  • the arc pellet 17 is electrically connected to the first pad 8 and thus to the first pellet 18.
  • the pad of arc 17 is called fixed pad of bow.
  • the arc pellet 17 has a shape rectangular and elongated. Its length is, for example, less than the length of the pellet 18.
  • the main contact 16 has a recess 40 and two trays 41.
  • the recess 40 extends parallel to the pads 17 and 18 opposite the pellet 18 relative to the pellet 17.
  • the trays 41 are positioned on each side. else of niche 40.
  • the support assembly 14 is made of insulating material.
  • the assembly 14 defines a first axis X14 of rotation and is equipped with a plurality of movable contacts 15.
  • the movable contacts 15 are parallel and of equal length. In practice, the movable contacts 15 extend transversely with respect to the pellets 17 and 18, in a direction perpendicular to the axis X14. Each movable contact 15 has an extension 21 and a second wafer 22. The extension 21 of each movable contact 15 comprises an arc patch 23. The wafers 23 of the movable contacts 15 are configured to cooperate with the wafer. fixed bow 17.
  • the assembly 14 comprises a plurality of second pellets 22, in number between 4 and 12, preferably equal to 10.
  • the assembly 14 comprises a single movable contact 15.
  • the movable contacts 15 of the assembly 14 are movable, relative to the assembly 14 and around a second axis X15 parallel to the first axis X14, between a so-called low position, where the movable contacts 15 are brought closer to the main fixed contact 16, and a so-called high position where the movable contacts 15 are remote from the fixed main contact 16.
  • the spring device of the mechanism 12 bears on the movable contacts 15 and is thus configured to urge the movable contacts 15 in rotation about the axis X15 counterclockwise to the figure 1 .
  • the support assembly 14 also includes an internal electrical connection, which is not shown in the figures and which is configured to electrically connect the pads 22 and 23 of the movable contacts 15 to the second range 10 of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the assembly 14, and thus the movable contacts 15, are movable relative to the housing 2 and in rotation, about the axis of rotation X14, between the first closed position where the second pads 22 are in contact with the first pad 18 and the second open position where the second pellets 22 are spaced from the first chip 18.
  • the arc pellets 23 and the second pellets 22 are said to be movable.
  • the assembly 14 and the movable contacts 15 are arranged so that the rotations about the respective axes X14 and X15 have the opposite direction.
  • the assembly 14 moves from the closed position to the open position, the assembly 14 is rotated about the axis X14 in the direction of the clockwise, while the movable contacts 15 move from the high position to the low position and are rotated about the axis X15 in the opposite direction of clockwise.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 6 is configured to absorb electrical energy generated by an electric arc that is generated between the first pad 18 and the second pads 22 when the movable contacts 15 are moved from their first position to their second position that is to say, when the second pellets 22 deviate from the first tablet 18.
  • the extinguishing chamber 6 is configured to cause, first, the elongation and, successively, the fractionation and the extinction of the electric arc.
  • the quenching chamber 6 comprises a stack of sheets 24, an upper horn 26, a lower horn 28 and a screen 30 of insulating material.
  • the chamber 6 further comprises two side walls 25 and a bottom wall 27.
  • the walls 25 and 27 define, using the horns 26 and 28 and the screen 30, a cage of the chamber 6.
  • the central plane of the extinction chamber 6, which is perpendicular to the plane P3, is denoted P. of the base 3 of the box 2.
  • the plane P thus defines a central main plane for the circuit breaker 1.
  • the bottom wall 27 is provided with a porous filtering system which makes it possible to cool a gas present in the chamber 6. The cooling of the gas makes it possible to maintain a correct pressure inside the chamber 6 and thus to avoid a overpressure, which could reduce the breaking performance of the extinguishing chamber 6.
  • the bottom wall 27 is devoid of the filtering system.
  • the plates 24 are metallic and are configured to cause the deionization of the electric arc, when it is present in the quenching chamber 6.
  • Each sheet 24 of the chamber 6 has a central notch 32 in the shape of a V arranged between two intermediate edges 34 for capturing the electric arc.
  • the edges 34 are symmetrical with respect to the plane P of the chamber 6 and can be rectilinear or be shaped in a bowl. In practice, the plane P of the chamber 6 passes through the notches 32 of the plates 24.
  • the upper horns 26 and lower 28 are made of steel and configured to guide the electric arc from its original position between the first chip 18 and the second pellets 22 towards the inside of the extinction chamber 6.
  • the upper horn 26 comprises a curved portion 36.
  • the portion 36 is equipped with a tab 38 which is folded down in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane P3 of the base 3 of the housing 2.
  • the lug 38 of the upper horn 26 is disposed transversely to the plates 24.
  • the upper horn 26 is provided with an orifice 29 allowing the evacuation of an ionized gas generated in the chamber 6 during interruption of short circuit currents.
  • the evacuation of gas through this orifice 29 facilitates the regeneration of a gaseous medium between the movable contacts 15 and the fixed contact 16.
  • the evacuation of the gas also makes it possible to maintain a correct pressure inside the chamber 6 and thus to avoid an overpressure, which could reduce the performance cutoff of the extinguishing chamber 6.
  • the upper horn 26 is provided with a plurality of discharge orifices.
  • the lower horn 28 extends between the fixed main contact 16, which is attached to the first pad 8, and the extinguishing chamber 6. In practice, the lower horn 28 is in electrical connection with the fixed main contact 16.
  • lower horn 28 constitutes one of the end plates 24 of the extinction chamber 6 and comprises a tongue 42 and two tabs 44 arranged on either side of a notch 46.
  • the tongue 42 of the lower horn 28 is positioned in a housing 43 of the screen made of insulating material 30.
  • the tab 42 is surrounded and secured to the screen 30 and is located inside the extinguishing chamber. 6.
  • the tabs 44 are mutually parallel and extend, in a direction parallel to the plane P3, between the fixed arc patch 17 of the fixed main contact 16 and the tongue 42. In particular, they project in a direction perpendicular to the P3 plane, towards the upper horn 26.
  • an edge 45 of the tabs 44 is arranged in the recess 40 of the fixed main contact 16.
  • the tabs 44 are symmetrical with respect to the central plane P of the chamber 6.
  • the notch 46 is opposite the fixed arc patch 17 of the main contact 16 and the movable contacts 15 of the electric circuit breaker 1.
  • the lower horn 28 has a single tab 44.
  • the screen made of insulating material 30 is configured to electrically isolate the base 3 of the housing 2 from the extinction chamber 6.
  • the screen 30 includes the housing 43 and two flat portions 50.
  • the planar portions are located on both sides. other of the housing 43 and each have an end 52.
  • the ends 52 define between them an opening 54.
  • the opening 54 is provided to receive the main contact 16.
  • the main contact 16 is arranged in the opening 54 of the screen 30, the ends 52 of the screen 30 being arranged on the trays 41 of the main contact 16.
  • Two protuberances 48 are mounted on the flat portions 50 of the screen 30, on either side of the housing 43 and the opening 54, in which the main contact 16 is arranged.
  • the circuit breaker 1 comprises a single protrusion 48.
  • the protuberances 48 are an integral part of the screen 30.
  • the protuberances 48 are made of a gasogenic material.
  • gasifier it is meant that the material is capable of generating a gas when it is subjected to a certain temperature.
  • the protuberances 48 are configured to generate a cooling gas, such as hydrogen, when their surfaces are subjected to a very high temperature, in particular of the order of 800 ° C.
  • the gas-forming material of the protrusions 48 is, for example, synthetic, in particular of polyamide, of the type 66, loaded between 10% and 30% of glass fibers.
  • the protuberances 48 are disposed at the entrance of the quenching chamber 6, between the lower horn 28 and the upper horn 26, and opposite the flanges 44 of the lower horn 28.
  • the protuberances 48 are arranged, in a direction parallel to the axis X14, on either side of the tabs 44 of the lower horn 28.
  • the protuberances 48 are symmetrical with respect to the central plane P of the chamber extinction 6.
  • the protuberances 48 have a prismatic or pseudo-prismatic shape.
  • the base of the prism constituting a protrusion 48 is, for example, trapezoidal shape.
  • the height H is the height of the protrusions 48.
  • the height H is between 12 and 30 mm, preferably equal to 18 mm.
  • the width L is 18 and 30 mm, preferably equal to 28 mm.
  • E is the maximum thickness and e is the minimum thickness of the protuberances 48.
  • the maximum thickness E is between 3 and 13 mm, preferably equal to 11 mm, while the minimum thickness e is between 0 and 5 mm, preferably 3 mm.
  • circuit breaker 1 The operation of circuit breaker 1 is as follows: When the circuit breaker 1 in closed configuration, the support assembly 14 is in the closed position and ensures the passage of an electric current.
  • the movable contacts 15 are in the high position.
  • the mobile pellets 22 of the movable contacts 15 bear against the pellet 18 of the fixed main contact 16.
  • the pressure of the mobile pellets 22 on the pellet 18 is provided by the spring device of the mechanism 12.
  • the arcing pellets 23 of the contacts movable 15 are remote from the fixed arc patch 17 of the fixed main contact 16.
  • the support assembly 14 is rotated about the axis X14 from the first closed position to the second position of the electric circuit. Opening of the pellets 18 and 22.
  • the movable contacts 15 are rotated around the axis X15 from the high position to the low position.
  • the respective rotations of the assembly 14 and the movable contacts 15 are of opposite direction. Due to these opposite rotations, before the mobile pellets 22 of the movable contacts 15 can separate from the fixed patch 18 of the main contact 16, the arcing pads 23 of the contacts 15 come into abutment with the fixed arc patch 17 of the main contact 16. The distance between the pellets 17 and 23 in the closed position of the assembly 14 is canceled.
  • the support assembly 14 continues in its rotation towards the open position and the movable pads 22 of the movable contacts 15 separate from the fixed patch 18 of the main contact 16, the arc pads 17 and 23 are still supported .
  • the opening of the pellets 18 and 22 is carried out without generating an electric arc and the electric current passes through the pellets 17 and 23.
  • the shape of the fixed arc pellet 17 makes it possible to obtain a centering of the arc with respect to the central plane P of the chamber 6. This reduces the wear on the side walls 25 of the chamber 6 and results in a noticeable improvement. electrical endurance of the circuit breaker 1.
  • the electric arc Due to the proximity of the tabs 44 of the lower horn 28 to the fixed arc pellet 17, the electric arc is forced to migrate to the lower horn 28. In particular, the electric arc is installed between the rim 45 the lower horn 28 and the tab 32 of the upper horn 26.
  • the shape of the lower and upper horns 28 guides the electric arc towards the inside of the extinction chamber 6.
  • the electric energy associated with the electric arc dissipates into heat and causes an increase in very important of the temperature which reaches, for example, 4000 ° C in the heart of the electric arc.
  • Such a temperature provokes the vaporization of the surfaces of the protuberances 48 and thus the production of the cooling gas.
  • the cooling action of the electric arc produced by the gas produced by the protrusions 48 is thus improved.
  • the gas generated by the protuberances 48 is then discharged through the evacuation orifice positioned on the upper horn 26 of the quenching chamber 6.
EP16184435.2A 2015-08-18 2016-08-17 Disjoncteur électrique Active EP3133626B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1557782A FR3040238B1 (fr) 2015-08-18 2015-08-18 Disjoncteur electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3133626A1 EP3133626A1 (fr) 2017-02-22
EP3133626B1 true EP3133626B1 (fr) 2018-05-09

Family

ID=54608746

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16184435.2A Active EP3133626B1 (fr) 2015-08-18 2016-08-17 Disjoncteur électrique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US9697968B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3133626B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN106469623B (zh)
BR (1) BR102016016404B1 (zh)
FR (1) FR3040238B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2713497C2 (zh)

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SI25414B (sl) * 2017-04-13 2021-04-30 Nela Razvojni Center Za Elektroindustrijo In Elektroniko, D.O.O. Varnostno električno stikalo z izboljšanim kontaktnim sklopom
EP3772076A1 (en) * 2019-08-02 2021-02-03 ABB S.p.A. Device for door and phase segregation in molded case circuit breakers
EP4177921A1 (en) * 2021-11-08 2023-05-10 ABB S.p.A. Low voltage switch pole

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2713497C2 (ru) 2020-02-05
FR3040238A1 (fr) 2017-02-24
RU2016133364A (ru) 2018-02-20
BR102016016404A2 (pt) 2017-02-21
CN106469623B (zh) 2020-02-21
FR3040238B1 (fr) 2019-01-25
EP3133626A1 (fr) 2017-02-22
BR102016016404B1 (pt) 2022-09-20
CN106469623A (zh) 2017-03-01
RU2016133364A3 (zh) 2019-12-09
US9697968B2 (en) 2017-07-04
US20170053758A1 (en) 2017-02-23

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