EP3129796A1 - Überwachung einer vorrichtung zur induktiven energieübertragung - vorrichtung und verfahren - Google Patents
Überwachung einer vorrichtung zur induktiven energieübertragung - vorrichtung und verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3129796A1 EP3129796A1 EP14815706.8A EP14815706A EP3129796A1 EP 3129796 A1 EP3129796 A1 EP 3129796A1 EP 14815706 A EP14815706 A EP 14815706A EP 3129796 A1 EP3129796 A1 EP 3129796A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- electrical device
- foreign object
- monitoring device
- designed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/70—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
Definitions
- the invention relates to a monitoring device for at least one designed for inductive energy transmission electrical device. Likewise, the invention relates to an electrical device which is designed for inductive energy transmission with a further electrical device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for monitoring at least one sub-environment of at least one designed for inductive power transmission electrical device and a method for inductive energy transmission between two electrical devices.
- the device for transmitting electrical energy comprises a charging station with a primary coil, by means of which a current supply
- Induction current in a secondary coil of a charging electronics for charging a battery of a vehicle to be generated In a housing of the primary coil, a plurality of measuring coils is arranged, which are each connected to an impedance measuring device.
- the impedance measuring devices are at a central
- Evaluation device connected. If no energy transfer between the primary coil and the secondary coil takes place, the measuring coils are subjected to a measuring current of predetermined strength. Based on the different
- Impedance changes of the measuring coils should be detectable an undesirable metallic foreign body near the charging station. Disclosure of the invention
- the invention provides a monitoring device for at least one inductive power transmission designed electrical device with the features of
- Patent claim 1 an electrical device having the features of claim 1 1, a method for monitoring at least a sub-environment of at least one designed for inductive energy transmission electrical device having the features of claim 13 and a method for inductive energy transmission between two electrical devices having the features of claim 16th
- the present invention provides possibilities for monitoring at least one sub-environment of an electrical device designed for inductive energy transmission
- the present invention thus advantageously contributes to the protection of inductive energy transfers between two electrical devices.
- the present invention also makes possible, in particular, a foreign object detection during an inductive energy transmission that is executed without interruption.
- the objects of the present invention make it possible to detect an undesired presence of at least one foreign object, which is at least partially formed from a conductive material.
- specific foreign objects made of critical materials which are rapidly heated or damaged in an inductive energy transfer, can be detected close to the at least one electrical device for inductive energy transfer.
- the articles of the present invention can also be further developed for self-calibration.
- the foreign object detection already in the presence of only an electrical
- the foreign object detection that can be carried out by means of the present invention also has advantageous robustness. Not only an influence of external magnetic interference fields is not critical. Even environmental conditions, such as the weather, a leaf fall, a snowfall and / or contamination, can affect neither the sensitivity nor the low error rate of foreign object detection.
- the at least one electronic circuit comprises at least one in resonance
- Coil arrangement is involved.
- Resonant circuit determined by the evaluation.
- averaged amplitude can be determined as the at least one current actual size.
- the values described here are easily determinable and by means of a cost-effective and little space-consuming electronics with respect to a possible deviation from the at least one predetermined
- the monitoring device is thus easy to manufacture, inexpensive and easy in a desired position
- the at least one coil of the coil arrangement is integrated into at least one CCFL inverter circuit as the at least one resonant circuit.
- a Royer converter or Royer circuit can thus also be used for the monitoring device according to the invention.
- Monitoring device at least one receiving coil than the at least one integrated in the at least one electronic circuit coil and additionally at least one transmitting coil, wherein the at least one transmitting coil by means of the sensor device is operable so that means of at least one
- the at least one receiving coil can be partially so
- the at least one transmitting coil be arranged overlapping with the at least one transmitting coil, that in a foreign object-free environment of the at least one receiving coil and the at least one transmitting coil induced during the transmission of the at least one electromagnetic signal in the at least one receiving coil
- an inductive energy transfer between the electrical device and the further electrical device can not be started, at least for the predetermined time, stopped or at least for the given time only with one over one
- the coil arrangement may comprise a plurality of coils with different winding directions.
- the coil arrangement may also comprise at least one bifilar coil, at least one permittinger coil, at least one butterfly coil and / or at least one
- the coil arrangement may comprise at least one coil which has outer turns with a first direction of reversal and inner turns with a second direction of reversal facing the first direction of reversal. This also ensures the advantages described above.
- Monitoring device comprises.
- the electrical device may be a charging station, a mobile device, a
- Electric bicycle an electric or hybrid vehicle, a tricycle, a pedelec, a
- Wheelchair a mobile phone, a portable computer and / or a battery
- the present invention thus also facilitates charging batteries for a variety of uses.
- the method is according to the above described training opportunities for the monitoring device
- 1a to 1c are schematic representations of a first embodiment of the
- Monitor shows a schematic partial representation of a third embodiment of the monitoring device
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic partial view of a fourth embodiment of the monitoring device
- 5a and 5b are schematic representations of a fifth embodiment of the
- Fig. 6 is a partial schematic representation of a sixth
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic partial view of a seventh embodiment of the monitoring device; 8 shows a schematic partial view of an eighth embodiment of the monitoring device; a schematic representation of a ninth embodiment of the monitoring device; a schematic partial view of a tenth embodiment of the monitoring device; a schematic partial view of an eleventh embodiment of the monitoring device; a schematic partial view of a twelfth embodiment of the monitoring device; a schematic partial view of a thirteenth
- Embodiment of the monitoring device and a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of the method for monitoring at least one sub-environment of at least one inductive power transmission designed electrical device.
- FIGS. 1 a to 1 c show schematic representations of a first embodiment of the invention
- the monitoring device 10 shown schematically in FIG.
- any device equipped with at least one induction device (coil), which is designed for inductive energy transmission with a further electrical device can be understood.
- an electrical device may, for example, a (fixed or mobile) charging station, a mobile device, an electric bicycle (electric bike, e-bike), an electric or hybrid vehicle, a (motorized) tricycle, a pedelec, a (motorized) wheelchair, a mobile phone, a portable computer and / or a battery charging electronics, in particular a
- Vehicle battery charging electronics his.
- the further electrical device which is preferably also equipped with at least one induction device (coil) for inductive energy transmission, may be one of the devices enumerated here.
- induction device coil
- the examples given here limit the usability of the
- the monitoring device 10 has a sensor device 12 with a coil arrangement comprising at least one coil 14, wherein the coil arrangement can be arranged or arranged on the at least one coil 14, on and / or in the electrical device.
- the coil arrangement of the at least one coil 14 may also be integrated into the electrical device.
- Monitoring device 10 may also be designed as a separate component, which is arranged only when needed on and / or on the electrical device.
- Coil housing 16 may be arranged, which on a surface of the electric
- the coil assembly is formed from the at least one coil 14 on a surface having dimensions a of about 300 mm. It should be noted, however, that the coil arrangement of the at least one coil 14 can be formed even smaller. An extension a of the coil arrangement from the at least one coil 14 can
- Coils 14 of the coil assembly is incorporated into at least one electronic circuit 18.
- the at least one electronic circuit 18 comprises at least one resonant resonant circuit 18, in which the at least one coil 14 of the coil arrangement is integrated.
- the at least one coil 14 of the coil arrangement is wound, designed and / or connected to at least one filter such that currents and / or voltages induced (by a time-varying magnetic field B) in the at least one coil 14 of the coil arrangement can be at least partially detected and / or areRAMbar.
- 1 b shows by way of example a partial supervision of the coil arrangement from the at least one coil 14. It can be seen that in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 a to 1 c the coil arrangement comprises a plurality of coils 14 with different winding directions.
- two adjacent coils 14 may have different winding directions, such that a first induction current 11 induced in the first coil 14 of the two adjacent coils 14 by an (external) time-varying magnetic field B and one in the second coil 14 of the two adjacent coils 14 of the temporally changing magnetic field B induced second induction current 12 lift each other out.
- the two coils 14 shown in FIG. 1 b can thus also be described as two mutually wound half coils whose induction currents 11 and 12 induced by the time-varying magnetic field B cancel each other out (almost). This can also be described in such a way that the coil geometry of the coil arrangement is suitable for extinguishing the induced currents of external homogeneous alternating magnetic fields.
- the (external) time-varying magnetic field B can exert no disturbing influences on measurements carried out by the coils 14 for detecting at least one foreign object. This advantage is also ensured in a time-varying magnetic field B generated for an inductive energy transfer.
- Coil geometry of the coil assembly from the at least one coil 14 allows the use of the at least one resonant circuit 18 for detecting at least one foreign object even in the presence of a comparatively strong temporally changing magnetic field B.
- one between the electrical device and the further electrical device executed inductive energy transfer for examining at least the sub-environment to a possibly present therein foreign object.
- the conventional necessity of interrupting the inductive energy transfer to carry out a foreign object monitoring is thus eliminated.
- An employment of the monitoring device 10 therefore enables a faster execution of the inductive energy transmission.
- the foreign object monitoring is still reliable and executable with a low error rate.
- the realization of the coil arrangement shown in FIG. 1 b with a plurality of coils 14 with different winding directions is to be interpreted merely as an example.
- the advantage of a coil arrangement which can not be influenced by the external time-varying magnetic field B for detecting a possibly present foreign object is e.g. also ensured when the coil assembly comprises at least one bifilar coil, at least one clergyer coil, at least one butterfly coil and / or at least one Binoclespule.
- the monitoring device 10 also includes an evaluation device 20.
- the evaluation device 20 is designed to detect whether at least one
- the evaluation device 20 is designed to also determine the at least one physical variable ⁇ to Afn of the at least one resonant circuit 18. This is shown schematically in Fig. 1c.
- the at least one physical variable ⁇ to Afn can be determined as a temporal change of at least one resonance frequency f1 to fn of the at least one resonant circuit 18 by means of the evaluation device 20.
- Timing circuit 24 of a computer unit 26 supplied.
- at least one time derivation ⁇ to Afn of the at least one resonant frequency f1 to fn of the at least one resonant circuit 18 can be reliably determined as the at least one physical variable ⁇ to Afn.
- ⁇ to Afn are also forwarded to a memory unit 28 and / or a display device 30.
- the implementation of the evaluation device 20 shown schematically in FIG. 1c is to be interpreted only as an example.
- a temporal Change of at least one resonance amplitude of the at least one resonant circuit 18 and / or a temporal change of at least one time-averaged amplitude of the at least one resonant circuit 18 as the at least one physical quantity ⁇ to ⁇ be determinable by means of the evaluation device 20.
- the evaluation device 20 is e.g. designed to determine whether the at least one specific physical quantity ⁇ to ⁇ deviates from the at least one predetermined normal value range by comparing the at least one physical variable ⁇ to ⁇ with at least one predetermined threshold value.
- Exceeding the at least one predefined threshold value by the at least one physical variable ⁇ to ⁇ is generally a sure indication of the presence of at least one foreign object in a spatial environment of the at least one coil 14 of the coil arrangement. This effect is often also ensured if, instead of a gradient analysis of the at least one frequency f1 to fn of the at least one resonant circuit 18, a different physical quantity ⁇ to ⁇ of the
- Evaluation device 20 is evaluated.
- a (at least partially metallic and / or conductive) foreign object in the vicinity of at least one coil 14, wrinkle currents are induced in the at least one foreign object, which impairs the oscillation behavior of the at least one resonant circuit resonated with resonance.
- the existence of the at least one undesirable foreign object can be detected on the basis of an easily executable comparison of the at least one physical variable ⁇ to ⁇ .
- Triggers the metallic parts of the vehicle body is not to be feared.
- the evaluation device 20 is designed so that at least one of the at least one specific physical variable ⁇ to ⁇ deviates from the at least one predetermined normal value range
- Output foreign object information signal 32 to at least one information output electronics 34 can be controlled by means of the at least one foreign object information signal 32 for outputting at least one foreign object warning signal.
- the at least one information output electronics 34 can be controlled by means of the at least one foreign object information signal 32 for outputting at least one foreign object warning signal.
- Information output electronics 34 can eg a warning light, an image display device and / or a sound output device.
- a flashing signal, a flashing signal, a warning light, a warning picture or a warning tone can be output as the at least one foreign object warning signal.
- Information output electronics 34 may be integrated into the electrical device and / or the further electrical device configured for inductive power transmission with the electrical device. However, it may also be present as a separate component separate from the electrical devices
- Information output electronics 34 can be controlled by means of the at least one foreign object information signal 32. Thus, a user may be alerted to the presence of the at least one foreign object before or during inductive power transmission.
- the evaluation device 20 can also be designed to supply at least one control signal 36 to the electrical device and / or to the further to the inductive
- Output power transmission (with the electrical device) designed electrical device.
- the electrical device and / or the further electrical device can be controlled by means of the at least one control signal 36 at least for a predetermined time in a predetermined foreign object protection mode.
- the monitoring device 10 thus prevents, after the detection of the presence of the at least one foreign object, that it is heated or damaged due to further continued inductive energy transmission at a normal energy transmission rate (corresponding to the normal mode).
- the monitoring device 10 thus contributes to the improved object and
- FIG. 2a to 2c show schematic representations of a second embodiment of the monitoring device.
- Fig. 2a schematically shows a possible attachment position / position of the coil assembly 12 from at least one coil 14 between a primary side 40 of the electrical
- At least one (not shown) coil / primary coil can be integrated on and / or in the primary side 40, which is designed for inductive energy transmission with at least one coil (not shown) and / or secondary side 42 (not shown).
- the primary side 40 which is designed for inductive energy transmission with at least one coil (not shown) and / or secondary side 42 (not shown).
- Primary side 40 an outer side of a charging station on which a vehicle is parked with the secondary side 42 formed as a vehicle underside. Under the inductive energy transfer, both an energy transfer from the electrical
- Device / charging station to the other electrical device / vehicle, e.g. for charging an energy storage unit / battery of the further electrical device / of the vehicle, as well as an energy transfer from the further electrical
- Coil assembly 12 of at least one coil 14 may also be used to detect electrically conductive materials in at least one sub-environment (e.g.
- FIG. 2 b shows a circuit diagram of a resonant circuit 18, wherein each of the coils 14 of the monitoring device 10 is integrated in such a resonant circuit 18.
- the respective coil 14 is connected in series with a resistor 44.
- Each of the oscillating circuits 18 has a capacitor 46 and a voltage source 48.
- a further resistor 50 is arranged parallel to the capacitor 46.
- Input voltage U F G excitable The voltage U c applied to the capacitor 46 can be measured.
- the respective resonant circuit 18 can be excited, for example via the Wderstand 44 with the input voltage U F G at an amplitude of 10 volts in its resonant frequency, so that a sufficiently large signal-to-noise ratio is ensured. (At the resonant frequency there is an increase in the voltage U c with respect to the input voltage U F G). At the same time, the voltage profile across the capacitor 46 can be continuously recorded and evaluated.
- An array can also be spanned out of a plurality of oscillating circuits 18, covering an area to be monitored on at least one side. In addition, offsets which occur uniformly over all coils 14 can also be present in an array.
- each of the oscillating circuits 18 is connected to at least one filter 52, by means of which the signals 54 (voltages U c ) of the oscillating circuits 18 are filtered.
- the at least one filter 52 causes only signals 54 from a relatively narrow frequency range around the
- Resonance frequency (e.g., with a bandwidth of 50 Hz) are further taken into account by the evaluation device 20.
- Such filtering can, for example
- a temporal change of at least one time-averaged amplitude A1 to An of the at least one resonant circuit 18 is determined as the at least one physical variable ⁇ 1 to ⁇ .
- the respective time-averaged amplitude A1 to An can be fixable over a time average of 0.1 sec.
- the computer units 26 can then be at least one
- Monitoring device 10 can be measured and further evaluated. Thereafter, by means of at least one comparison unit 56, the respective physical variable ⁇ 1 to ⁇ can be compared with the at least one predetermined threshold value.
- the comparison units 56 may be designed to be connected by means of a
- Comparison signals 60 can be output, which can then be read out by a central evaluation unit 62 as to whether the at least one actual variable ⁇ 1 to ⁇ is still in the at least one predetermined normal value range. If this is not the case, at least one of the above-described signals 32 or 36 from the central
- Evaluation unit 54 can be output.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic partial view of a third embodiment of the
- the at least one resonant circuit 18 in which the at least one coil 14 of the coil arrangement is integrated, is at least one CCFL inverter circuit. (Such a circuit can also be described as a Royer converter or as a Royer circuit.)
- the use of at least one CCFL inverter circuit for the monitoring device 10 has the advantage that the resonant frequency of the at least one
- Tuning circuit 18 automatically adjusts. Such a resonant circuit 18 is thus ideal for detecting changes in its inductance and load changes by means of frequency changes.
- the CCFL inverter circuit shown schematically in FIG. 3 has, parallel to the coil 14, a first capacitor 70 to whose electrodes a respective MOSFET 72 and 74 is electrically connected.
- a drain region of a first MOSFET 72 is connected to a first electrode of the first capacitor 70, while a gate region of the first MOSFET 72 is connected via a first diode 76 to the second electrode of the first
- Condenser 70 is connected. Accordingly, a drain region of the second MOSFET 74 at the second electrode of the first capacitor 70 and a gate region of the second MOSFET 74 via a second diode 78 to the first electrode of the first capacitor 70 are connected. The source regions of the MOSFETs 72 and 74 are connected together and to a ground 80. Between ground 80 and one
- Voltage source 82 is a second capacitor 84.
- Each gate region of the MOSFET 72 and 74 is also connected via a respective resistor 86 and 88 to the voltage source 82.
- the drain regions of the MOSFETs 72 and 74 are also connected to the voltage source 82 via a respective coil 90 and 92. It should also be noted that the CCFL inverter circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic partial representation of a fourth embodiment of the invention
- the monitoring device 10 shown schematically in part in FIG. 4 also has at least one resonant circuit 18 designed as a CCFL inverter circuit.
- the CCFL inverter circuit is provided with a control coil 100 and with a primary coil 102
- the coil 14 is connected to the primary coil 102.
- a first capacitor 104 is arranged parallel to the primary coil 102.
- Each of the electrodes of the first capacitor 104 is connected to a respective collector region of a bipolar transistor 106 and 108.
- the base regions of the bipolar transistors 106 and 108 are connected to the control coil 100, respectively.
- the emitter regions of the bipolar transistors 106 and 108 are connected to each other and to a ground 110.
- Between the ground 1 10 and a voltage source 112 is a second capacitor 1 14.
- the coil 14 is connected to the voltage source 1 12.
- a base area is one
- Bipolar transistor 106 connected via a parallel to the coil 14 arranged resistor 116 to the voltage source 112.
- 5a and 5b show schematic representations of a fifth embodiment of the monitoring device.
- the monitoring device 10 has at least one receiving coil 14a as the at least one coil 14a integrated in the at least one electronic circuit 18 and additionally at least one transmitting coil 14b.
- the at least one transmitting coil 14b is operable by means of the sensor device 12 so that by means of the at least one
- Transmitting coil 14 b at least one electromagnetic signal can be emitted.
- the at least one transmitting coil 14b for example, to one
- Transmission current I through the at least one transmitting coil 14b is leitbar.
- the transmission of the at least one electromagnetic signal are in the at least one receiving coil 14a induced voltage and / or a generated in the at least one receiving coil 14a current strength by means of
- At least one electronic circuit 18 as the at least one
- the at least one receiving coil 14a and the at least one transmitting coil 14b magnetically well decoupled, so that a mutual inductance M is relatively small.
- the illustrated in Fig. 5b at least one receiving coil 14a of
- Coil arrangement has outer windings 120 with a first winding direction 120a and inner windings 122 with a second winding direction 122a opposite to the first winding direction 120a.
- the number of turns 120 and 122 is chosen in relation to the unequal diameter of the walls 120 and 122 such that a (external) magnetic field permeating the respective receiving coil 14 induces in the outer turns 120 a first induction current 11 which is one of the same
- Magnetic field in the inner walls 122 induced second induction current 12 is at least partially compensated.
- the magnetic field in the inner walls 122 induced second induction current 12 is at least partially compensated.
- Reception coil 14a (and the at least one transmitting coil 14b) is present, occurs during the transmission of the at least one electromagnetic signal in the at least one receiving coil 14a a (total) voltage and / or
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic partial view of a sixth embodiment of the monitoring device.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the at least one electronic circuit 18 with the at least one integrated receiving coil 14a.
- the at least one receiving coil cooperating with the at least one receiving coil 14a 14b is not shown.
- the at least one electronic circuit 18 is designed to measure the voltage (induced by the at least one electromagnetic signal) in the at least one receiving coil 14a.
- An operational amplifier 124 is configured as a non-inverting amplifier by means of which the induced voltage can be amplified. (The gain factor is fixed by the ratio of resistors 126a and 126b.) Alternatively, however, operational amplifier 124 may also be connected to realize a frequency dependent transfer function (as in a bandpass filter, for example).
- the at least one electronic circuit 18 has at least one analog-to-digital converter 128, which the
- Output of the at least one operational amplifier 124 is converted.
- additional software may be implemented in at least one synchronous demodulator 130 connected to the at least one analog-to-digital converter 128.
- the synchronous demodulator 130 demodulates a supplied signal in synchronism with the AC of the above-described AC power source 121.
- Synchronous demodulator 130 may be part of a microcontroller 132.
- Fig. 7 shows a schematic partial view of a seventh embodiment of the monitoring device.
- the electronic circuit 18 shown schematically in FIG. 7 is designed to measure the current intensity (induced by the at least one electromagnetic signal) in the at least one receiving coil 14a.
- An amplification factor of the operational amplifier 124 is determined by a ratio of the series resistor 126a and the further resistor 126b.
- a parasitic coil capacitance 134 is shorted in the electronic circuit 18 of FIG.
- Fig. 8 shows a schematic partial view of an eighth embodiment of
- a plurality of operational amplifiers 124 / amplifiers can also be connected in series.
- the signals can be filtered between the amplifier stages.
- Bandpass filters 136 may be used for this purpose, for example.
- Fig. 9 shows a schematic representation of a ninth embodiment of the
- FIG. 9 has two transmitting coils 14b, each having a nearly vanishing magnetic coupling M 1 or M2 to the single receiving coil 14a of the monitoring device 10.
- a first transmitting coil 14b is connected to a first alternating current source 121 of the sensor device 12 with a predeterminable first
- Transmitter current 11 connected, while by integrating the second transmitter coil 14b to a second AC power source 121 of the sensor device 12, a second transmission current 12 is provided to this. If the signs of the magnetic couplings M1 and M2 are different, by an independent choice of the amplitudes of the transmission currents 11 and 12, the induced current in the receiving coil 14a current / voltage can be predetermined arbitrarily small both magnitude and sign. Typically, the transmission currents 11 and 12 have the same waveform and the same frequency.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic partial view of a tenth embodiment of the monitoring device.
- Fig. 10 has two receiving coil 14 a, wherein
- Windings of a first receiving coil 14a of the two receiving coils 14a in the first winding direction 120a and walls of a second receiving coil 14a of the two receiving coils 14a in the first winding direction 120a are directed opposite to the second direction of reversal 122a.
- the two receiving coils 14a have the same number of turns, the same
- Reception coils 14a (and the at least one transmission coil 14b) during the
- Receiving coils 14a are present in the second winding direction 122a.
- Fig. 1 1 shows a schematic partial view of an eleventh embodiment of the
- the at least one receiving coil 14a is arranged partially overlapping with the at least one transmitting coil 14b such that, in the case of a foreign object-free environment, the at least one receiving coil 14a and the at least one transmitting coil 14b transmit the at least one electromagnetic signal in the at least one receiving coil 14a induced (total) voltage or (total) current disappears. Only if a foreign object is present in the vicinity of the at least one receiving coil 14a and the at least one transmitting coil 14b does a (total) voltage and / or (total) current intensity occur unequally during the transmission of the at least one electromagnetic signal in the at least one receiving coil 14a Zero up. Specifically, an area of a common overlap 138 is the only one (circular)
- Monitoring device 10 of FIG. 11 set so large that (during the transmission of the at least one electromagnetic signal by means of the at least one transmitting coil 14 b) lift out the induced in the single receiving coil 14 a partial currents in a foreign object-free environment.
- Monitoring device 10 also have a plurality of such overlapping transmitting and receiving coils 14a and 14b.
- Fig. 12 shows a schematic partial view of a twelfth embodiment of the monitoring device.
- the embodiment of FIG. 12 has a receiving coil 14a and a transmitting coil 14b, which are arranged partially overlapping for magnetic decoupling.
- the receiving coil 14a and the transmitting coil 14b are formed as a D-shaped coils rotated about a common axis 140 against each other. Due to the suitably large area of the common overlap area 138, the magnetic flux of a magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil 14b passes through the receiving coil in equal parts in the positive direction and in the negative direction.
- Fig. 13 shows a schematic partial view of a thirteenth embodiment of the monitoring device.
- the embodiment of FIG. 13 comprises two receiving coils 14a with different winding directions 120a and 122a and a single transmitting coil 14b.
- An area of the common overlap area 138 of a first of the two receiver coils 14a and the transmitter coil 14b and a distance 142 between the two receiver coils 14a are set such that a magnetic decoupling between the two
- Receiving coils 14a and the transmitting coil 14b is present. This is ensured if a magnetic (residual) coupling between the first receiving coil 14a and the
- Transmitter coil 14b (a comparatively small) magnetic coupling between the second receiving coil 14a and the transmitting coil 14b compensated.
- All monitoring devices 10 described above can be used in an air gap of inductive charging systems. Even with an inductive transmission of comparatively large energies by means of relatively strong electromagnetic alternating fields, the monitoring devices 10 can still perform the foreign object detection, without the inductive energy transmission being interrupted (at least for a short time). At the same time, by means of the advantageous controllability of the inductive charging system by the monitoring devices 10 after a detection of at least one foreign object, it is ensured that the eddy currents induced by the alternating magnetic fields do not lead to the heating of the at least one foreign object.
- the inductive charging system can be timely controlled so that a unwanted heating / damage of at least one foreign object is reliably prevented from the conductive materials. A fire or burns due to a foreign object that has become too hot are thus reliably prevented.
- the influence of magnetic interference fields is not critical.
- the monitoring devices 10 can reliably perform the foreign object detection without changes in a width of the gap, for example, due to a changing vehicle height, or a displacement of the coils 14 and 14 a distort the measurement result.
- all monitoring devices 10 ensure sufficient robustness, so that environmental conditions do not contribute to a falsification of the measurement results. Before use of the monitoring devices 10 is at most a one-time
- a temperature determined by the at least one temperature sensor may e.g. to select the at least one threshold or to perform a match (using a map of values stored for the at least one physical variable).
- step S1 at least one physical variable is measured, which is measured by means of at least one electronic circuit or in the at least one electronic circuit occurs, wherein at least one coil of a
- Coil arrangement is connected to the respective at least one electronic circuit.
- the determining of the at least one physical variable takes place while the coil arrangement is arranged on the at least one coil on, on and / or in the electrical device.
- the at least one coil of the coil arrangement is wound / designed and / or connected to at least one filter such that currents or voltages induced in the at least one coil of the coil arrangement are at least partially averaged out or filtered out.
- step S1 during the determination of the at least one physical variable, at least one resonant circuit of the
- method step S1 preferably comprises sub-steps S11 and S12.
- sub-step S11 e.g.
- At least one frequency of the at least one resonant circuit can be determined. Subsequently, in the sub-step S12, a time derivation of the at least one specific frequency can be formed as the at least one physical variable.
- At least one electromagnetic signal is generated during the determination of the at least one physical variable by means of at least one further coil designed as a transmitting coil
- Circuit a measured in the at least one connected coil (as a receiving coil) induced voltage or current.
- Reception coil can be designed so that at least one
- Receiver coil (almost) no voltage and / or (almost) no current
- the at least one receiving coil also in the
- At least one receiving coil determined voltages / currents (with the at least one transmitting coil driving alternating currents) are used.
- the at least one demodulated signal obtained in this way can both be evaluated in terms of its amplitude as well as its phase (relative to the respective alternating current).
- the presence of a foreign object can be deduced from the amplitude of the at least one signal.
- the phase can be evaluated with respect to certain properties of the foreign object, such as its conductivity and / or its magnetic permeability (ferromagnetic or paramagnetic)
- a method step S2 it is determined whether the at least one physical variable deviates from at least one predetermined normal value range. This can be done for example via a threshold comparison. If the at least one specific physical size of the at least one predetermined
- the electrical device and / or another electrical device designed for inductive energy transmission are controlled into a predetermined foreign object protection mode at least for a predefined time and / or a triggering of at least one
- Information output electronics for outputting at least one foreign object warning signal.
- the at least one determined physical variable can also be stored.
- the foreign object detection can not be detected by the at least one
- the above-described method may also be practiced to improve a safety standard of inductive power transmission between two electrical devices.
- Partial environment of at least one of the two electrical devices on a foreign object therein and / or close to it can be before a start of the inductive Energy transfer, during the continued inductive energy transfer and / or during a (short-term) interrupting the inductive energy transfer. It is noted, however, that an interruption of the inductive energy transfer
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014205598.9A DE102014205598A1 (de) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Überwachungsvorrichtung für mindestens eine zur induktiven Energieübertragung ausgelegte elektrische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen zumindest einer Teilumgebung mindestens einer zur induktiven Energieübertragung ausgelegten elektrischen Vorrichtung |
| PCT/EP2014/078423 WO2015144268A1 (de) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-12-18 | Überwachung einer vorrichtung zur induktiven energieübertragung - vorrichtung und verfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3129796A1 true EP3129796A1 (de) | 2017-02-15 |
Family
ID=52134188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14815706.8A Withdrawn EP3129796A1 (de) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-12-18 | Überwachung einer vorrichtung zur induktiven energieübertragung - vorrichtung und verfahren |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170085136A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3129796A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN106471381A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014205598A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015144268A1 (de) |
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| JP6845624B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-08 | 2021-03-17 | ローム株式会社 | 送電装置、受電装置及び非接触給電システム |
| DE102015212947A1 (de) | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen eines Vorhandenseins eines elektrisch leitfähigen Körpers und die Vorrichtung beinhaltende Ladeanordnung |
| DE102015224013A1 (de) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Überwachungsvorrichtung zur Überwachung einer induktiven Energieübertragungsvorrichtung |
| DE102015224016A1 (de) | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Überwachungsvorrichtung zur Überwachung einer induktiven Energieübertragungsvorrichtung |
| US10181759B2 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2019-01-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Dynamic mutual sensing foreign object detection loops |
| DE102016222554A1 (de) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum induktiven Laden eines Elektrofahrzeugs und Verfahren zur Detektion von elektrisch leitfähigen Fremdkörpern in einer solchen Vorrichtung |
| US20210215845A1 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2021-07-15 | Tdk Corporation | Foreign Object Detector, Wireless Power Transmission System Comprising a Foreign Object Detector and Method of Detecting a Foreign Object |
| CN111137160B (zh) * | 2018-11-05 | 2024-12-10 | 马勒国际有限公司 | 固定感应充电站 |
| CN109515219A (zh) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽蓝鹏微电科技股份有限公司 | 电动汽车无线充电与线圈定位复用型阵列线圈设计与控制 |
| CN110146927B (zh) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-02-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 充电系统、异物检测方法及组件、充电控制方法及装置 |
| DE102019214047A1 (de) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zu einem kabellosen Übertragen von elektrischer Energie, Energieübertragungsgerät und System aus Energieübertragungsgeräten |
| US11469625B2 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-10-11 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device for wirelessly transmitting power and method of operating the same |
| WO2021114301A1 (zh) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-17 | 苏州锂智车业科技有限公司 | 一种用于电动自行车的充电系统 |
| DE102020200199A1 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-15 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Detektion von leitfähigen Gegenständen an oder über einer Oberfläche |
| WO2022066708A1 (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2022-03-31 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Wireless charging pad for power tool battery packs |
| CN114157050A (zh) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市力生美半导体股份有限公司 | 一种低待机功耗的无线充电电路及方法 |
| CN114696476A (zh) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-01 | 山东大学 | 一种无线电能传输和异物检测系统及方法 |
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| US6324431B1 (en) * | 1998-07-06 | 2001-11-27 | Abiomed, Inc. | Transcutaneous energy transfer device with magnetic field protected components in secondary coil |
| JP4614961B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-23 | 2011-01-19 | オークランド ユニサービシズ リミテッド | 誘導結合電力伝達システムを制御する方法および装置 |
| CN1813396B (zh) * | 2003-05-23 | 2010-04-28 | 奥克兰联合服务有限公司 | 谐振变换器及其方法以及感耦电能传送系统 |
| JP5355783B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-07 | 2013-11-27 | テレコム・イタリア・エッセ・ピー・アー | エネルギーをワイヤレスに伝達するシステム |
| DE202009009693U1 (de) | 2009-07-14 | 2010-11-25 | Conductix-Wampfler Ag | Vorrichtung zur induktiven Übertragung elektrischer Energie |
| DE102011050655B4 (de) * | 2011-05-26 | 2024-08-22 | Enrx Ipt Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erkennung eines elektrisch leitfähigen Fremdkörpers und Vorrichtung zur induktiven Übertragung elektrischer Energie |
| DE102011103318A1 (de) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-12-13 | Paul Vahle Gmbh & Co. Kg | Induktives kontaktloses Energie- und Datenübertragungssystem |
| JP6185472B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-09 | 2017-08-23 | ワイトリシティ コーポレーションWitricity Corporation | ワイヤレスエネルギー伝送システムにおける異物検出 |
| JP5838768B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-30 | 2016-01-06 | ソニー株式会社 | 検知装置、受電装置、非接触電力伝送システム及び検知方法 |
| JP2013192391A (ja) * | 2012-03-14 | 2013-09-26 | Sony Corp | 検知装置、受電装置、送電装置及び非接触給電システム |
| DE102012205693A1 (de) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Drahtlose Energieübertragung |
| JP5966538B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-10 | 2016-08-10 | ソニー株式会社 | 受電装置、受電装置の制御方法、および、給電システム |
| KR102074475B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-10 | 2020-02-06 | 지이 하이브리드 테크놀로지스, 엘엘씨 | 무선 전력 전송 시스템에서 이물질 감지 장치 및 방법 |
| US9726518B2 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2017-08-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems, methods, and apparatus for detection of metal objects in a predetermined space |
-
2014
- 2014-03-26 DE DE102014205598.9A patent/DE102014205598A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-18 CN CN201480077449.6A patent/CN106471381A/zh active Pending
- 2014-12-18 US US15/126,611 patent/US20170085136A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-18 WO PCT/EP2014/078423 patent/WO2015144268A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-12-18 EP EP14815706.8A patent/EP3129796A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015144268A1 (de) | 2015-10-01 |
| US20170085136A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
| CN106471381A (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
| DE102014205598A1 (de) | 2015-10-01 |
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