EP3129606A1 - Refroidissement de générateur de turbine à gaz - Google Patents

Refroidissement de générateur de turbine à gaz

Info

Publication number
EP3129606A1
EP3129606A1 EP15721652.4A EP15721652A EP3129606A1 EP 3129606 A1 EP3129606 A1 EP 3129606A1 EP 15721652 A EP15721652 A EP 15721652A EP 3129606 A1 EP3129606 A1 EP 3129606A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
generator
expander
cooling
air
cooling air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15721652.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Juretzek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3129606A1 publication Critical patent/EP3129606A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
    • F02C6/08—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas the gas being bled from the gas-turbine compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
    • F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
    • F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas turbine plant with a compressor, a combustion chamber, a turbine and a generator, which is driven by the turbine, wherein a cooling air line is connected to a housing of the generator, via which the interior of the generator cooling air can be supplied. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a gas turbine plant with a
  • Compressor a combustion chamber, a turbine and a generator which is driven by the turbine, wherein the generator cooling air is supplied.
  • a turbomachine for example in a gas turbine, flow of hot action fluid, e.g. a hot gas, won as a result of its expansion work.
  • Gas turbine plants basically include an air inlet, a compressor section, a combustion chamber and a turbine section.
  • the compressor section may be formed from axial or radial compressors.
  • Axial compressors usually consist of several impellers with compressor blades in an axial arrangement, these usually being subdivided into low-pressure and high-pressure compressor stages.
  • Compressor section receives the incoming air mass by means of supplied kinetic energy in the diffuser-shaped spaces of the compressor blades pressure energy.
  • a complete compressor stage of an axial compressor thus consists of a rotor stage, in which both pressure and temperature, as well as the speed increase, and a stator stage, in which the pressure increases to the detriment of the speed.
  • the combustion chamber the compressed and heated due to the compression of air is mixed with a fuel, and the resulting fuel-air mixture is burned. Due to the exothermic reaction, the temperature increases again strongly, and the gas expands. This results in a hot gas that is expanded in the subsequent turbine section, wherein thermal energy converts into mechanical energy, which is partly used to drive the compressor section, and is otherwise used to drive a generator or the same.
  • Coolant taken and supplied to the interior of the hollow turbine blades to cool them on the inside.
  • the cooling air then passes through corresponding cooling fluid passages which pass through the wall of the turbine blades to the outer surface of the turbine blades, where it forms a cooling film intended to protect the turbine blades from direct contact with the hot gas.
  • the power output of the generator of the gas turbine plant is also dependent on the permissible internal heating of the generator components. So-called insulation classes limit the absolute value of temperatures.
  • a utilization according to class B or F is usual, which is a permissible component tem- corresponds to temperature of 130 ° C and 155 ° C. Exceeding the permissible component temperature results in accelerated component aging and thus a reduced service life.
  • open air cooling may be provided (so-called open air cooling, OAC), in which ambient air is sucked in, conducted through the components of the generator to be cooled, and heated again to the environment.
  • the generator may follow gas turbine performance, which also increases with lower ambient air. Furthermore, for example, from the WO
  • 2004/017494 AI known to equip generators with a closed cooling circuit.
  • the circulating in a closed circuit cooling air is cooled in a generator cooler with a cooling water circuit, the temperature of the cooling water is lowered before entering the generator cooler in addition in a refrigeration unit.
  • the self-adjusting cooling gas temperature in the generator is associated with a correspondingly maximum possible apparent power of the generator.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a gas turbine plant of the type mentioned with an improved generator cooling available.
  • This object is achieved in a gas turbine plant of the type mentioned above in that the cooling air line is connected to the inlet side of the compressor and in the cooling air line behind each other at least one heat exchanger and an expander, in particular a turboexpander are arranged, wherein for cooling the generator precompressed air branched off from the compressor via the cooling air line, cooled in the heat exchanger and expanded in the expander with further cooling, before it is supplied to the interior of the generator.
  • the above object is achieved accordingly by removing compressed air from the compressor to cool the air and cooling the precompressed air in a heat exchanger and then expanding it in an expander with further cooling before it reaches the generator is supplied.
  • a small part of the already compressed air is diverted to improve the generator cooling.
  • This compressed, still hot air is cooled by a heat exchanger and expanded in an expander, in particular a turboexpander, to "generator pressure", using the energy contained in the compressed air, thereby further cooling the air supplied air, a cooling capacity provided, which makes it possible to cool the generator components satisfactorily, so that their temperature is kept below a desired allowable temperature.
  • the invention is therefore based on the consideration that the compressor of the gas turbine plant with the present invention see heat exchanger or the heat exchangers for heat dissipation, the expander and the generator to a
  • Compressor chiller with the working fluid to link air.
  • the air is guided in an open circuit, i. E. it is discharged after flowing through the generator to the environment through a correspondingly large-sized generator exhaust duct. This prevents an increase in pressure in the generator housing.
  • the advantage of the solution according to the invention lies in an increased apparent power of a given, air-cooled generator by lowering the cooling gas temperature. This is far beyond the possibilities that are achievable by repairs to normal heat removal systems, which give their heat simply to the environment and thus limited.
  • the improved cooling and thus the possible increase in the apparent power can be temporarily, i. only with a correspondingly high power requirement to the generator, or even permanently provided.
  • the refrigeration machine concept according to the invention is particularly suitable for the retrofitting business, but also for new plants there are cost advantages, since if necessary the jump to a considerably more expensive, for example, hydrogen-cooled generator can be prevented.
  • a further advantage is that with comparatively little effort, an existing generator can be upgraded and thus, for example, an increase in output of the gas turbine is no longer contrary to limitation. It makes sense to provide only a relatively small amount of air exactly those areas on the generator that require better cooling. This may in particular be the generator rotor. However, larger amounts of cooling air can also be provided by the design according to the invention.
  • cooling in particular an already existing direct cooling with ambient air, which has its strengths at low ambient air temperatures, be supplemented, so that the cooling provided according to the invention needs to be switched on only at peak loads.
  • the cooling air can be mixed with the ambient air before entering the generator.
  • the cooling air can be supplied via appropriate cooling air ducts (ducts, pipes) only the areas of a generator that require special cooling.
  • the cooling air line is associated with an inlet valve, via which the amount of the branched off from the compressor air in particular in dependence on the generator to be provided to the cooling capacity is set.
  • the cold side of the heat exchanger is connected to a fuel gas supply line through which the combustion chamber is supplied with a fuel gas to preheat the fuel gas in the heat exchanger.
  • This refinement is considered to be particularly advantageous, since with rising gas turbine powers, the fuel gas mass flow also increases directly and thus Far from the heat dissipation the rising generator cooling demand immediately follows with increasing power.
  • Condensate are heated before it enters a condensate preheater. It is also possible to heat the medium pressure feed water in the heat exchanger.
  • the expander can sit on the same shaft as the generator to drive it. In this case, the expander can be connected to the generator shaft in particular via a self-synchronizing clutch (SSS) via which a coupling of the expander with the generator automatically takes place when the shaft speed of the expander shaft reaches the speed of the generator shaft.
  • SSS self-synchronizing clutch
  • This embodiment also offers the advantage that the generator cooling can be easily switched on or off as needed. It is also possible to use the expander with an additional
  • Compressor extraction pressure and / or a correspondingly high temperature of the air before the expansion in the expander can be achieved that the temperature of the supplied air after relaxation does not fall below the dew point. If the air temperature is also to be lowered, or if it has been additionally moistened before or during the compression in the compressor, the air must be dehumidified before being expanded, otherwise undesired formation of water or below 0 ° C. will result in ice formation.
  • a dehumidifier is provided on the heat exchanger or between the heat exchanger and the expander, which extracts the excess moisture from the air at the heat exchanger for heat reduction or before entering the expander.
  • the cooling technology according to the invention is also suitable for steam turbine generators, which are part of a gas and steam power plant (combined cycle power plant). Due to the small amount of compressor air required, the gas turbine can also supply the steam turbine generator with cooling air. In this
  • FIG. 1 shows the single figure, the embodiment of the gas turbine plant according to the invention in a schematic representation.
  • This comprises a compressor 1, a combustion chamber 2, a gas turbine 3 and a generator 4, which are formed in a conventional manner.
  • the compressor 1 is seated on a turbine shaft 3a of the gas turbine 3, so that the compressor 1 is driven by the gas turbine 3.
  • the turbine shaft 3 a is connected to a generator shaft 4 a to drive the generator 4.
  • the generator 4 is equipped with an air cooling, which operates on the principle of open air cooling, at which more the interior of the generator 4 cooling air, which is taken from the environment, fed via an air supply line 5 and after flowing through the generator 4 via an exhaust duct 6 is returned to the environment.
  • a cooling air line 7 is connected, which is connected on the inlet side via an inlet valve 8 to the compressor 1 of the gas turbine plant.
  • a heat exchanger 9 and a Turboexpander 10 arranged in the cooling air line 7, one behind the other.
  • the heat exchanger 9 is shown here by way of example, it can also be provided a plurality of heat exchangers connected in series.
  • pre-compressed air can be taken from the compressor 1, which is then cooled in the heat exchanger 9 and expanded in the turbo-expander 10 with further cooling.
  • cooling air can be provided with a comparatively low temperature, which is admixed in the supply air duct 5 of the ambient air in order to increase the available cooling capacity. It is particularly advantageous not to mix this cooling air in the supply air duct with the ambient air, but rather to selectively send it via suitable cooling air ducts (ducts, pipes) only to those areas in the generator which require special cooling.
  • the amount of mixed cooling air can be adjusted via the inlet valve 8. In particular, it is also possible to produce cooling air only in case of need via the heat exchanger 9 and the expander 10.
  • the expander shaft 10a of the turboexpander 10 is in the illustrated embodiment via a self-synchronizing clutch (SSS clutch) 11 and a generator 4 associated exciter 12 connected to the generator shaft 4a to drive this, so that the released in the Turboexpan- 10 Energy can be used.
  • SSS clutch self-synchronizing clutch
  • a dehumidifier 13 is provided in the cooling air line 7 between the heat exchanger 9 and the turboexpander 10, via which, if necessary, moisture can be extracted from the air cooled in the heat exchanger 9.
  • the heat exchanger 9 itself may also be associated with a dehumidifier to eliminate any resulting in the heat release air moisture or condensate directly from the air.
  • the compressor 1 is removed via the cooling air line 7 by actuation of the inlet valve 8 pre-compressed air at a pressure of 1.5 to 3 bar.
  • the amount of removed cooling air is adjustable via the inlet valve 8 corresponding to the required cooling capacity.
  • the air taken from the compressor 1 is cooled in the heat exchanger 9, optionally dehumidified in the dehumidifier 13 and then expanded in the turboexpander 10 with further cooling, so that cooling air with a low temperature is made available, which is the ambient air in the Supply air line 5 is mixed or specifically targeted to be cooled particularly points in the generator via suitable cooling air ducts (channels, pipes) is provided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation de turbine à gaz comprenant un compresseur (1), une chambre de combustion (2), une turbine (3) et un générateur (4) qui est entraîné par la turbine (3), une conduite d'air de refroidissement (7) étant reliée à un boîtier (4b) du générateur (4), laquelle permet d'amener de l'air de refroidissement à l'intérieur du générateur (4). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la conduite d'air de refroidissement (7) est raccordée du côté entrée au compresseur (1) et en ce qu'au moins un échangeur de chaleur (9) et un détendeur (10), en particulier un turbo-détendeur, sont disposés l'un derrière l'autre dans la conduite d'air de refroidissement (7). Pour refroidir le générateur (4), de l'air pré-comprimé est dérivé du compresseur (1) par le biais de la conduite d'air de refroidissement (7), refroidi dans l'échangeur de chaleur (9) et détendu dans le détendeur (10) par un refroidissement supplémentaire avant d'être amené à l'intérieur du générateur (4).
EP15721652.4A 2014-06-17 2015-04-30 Refroidissement de générateur de turbine à gaz Withdrawn EP3129606A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014211590.6A DE102014211590A1 (de) 2014-06-17 2014-06-17 Gasturbinengeneratorkühlung
PCT/EP2015/059464 WO2015193016A1 (fr) 2014-06-17 2015-04-30 Refroidissement de générateur de turbine à gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3129606A1 true EP3129606A1 (fr) 2017-02-15

Family

ID=53175011

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15721652.4A Withdrawn EP3129606A1 (fr) 2014-06-17 2015-04-30 Refroidissement de générateur de turbine à gaz

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20170138259A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3129606A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6382355B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN106460545B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014211590A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015193016A1 (fr)

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US9803549B2 (en) * 2011-02-28 2017-10-31 Ansaldo Energia Ip Uk Limited Using return water of an evaporative intake air cooling system for cooling a component of a gas turbine
US11162379B2 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-11-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Temperature control device for tail cone mounted generator
EP3832090B1 (fr) * 2019-12-04 2023-06-14 Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG Turbine à gaz pour des applications de centrale électrique avec du gaz combustible préchauffé et procédé de fonctionnement de cette turbine à gaz
CN111810260B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2021-10-22 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 一种超临界二氧化碳分流再压缩循环发电系统
PL435035A1 (pl) * 2020-08-20 2022-02-21 General Electric Company Polska Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Gazowe silniki turbinowe zawierające wbudowane maszyny elektryczne i powiązane układy chłodzenia
US11795837B2 (en) 2021-01-26 2023-10-24 General Electric Company Embedded electric machine
CN113047917B (zh) * 2021-05-02 2023-09-29 国电电力双维内蒙古上海庙能源有限公司 一种超临界空冷机组及其使用方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015193016A1 (fr) 2015-12-23
CN106460545A (zh) 2017-02-22
DE102014211590A1 (de) 2015-12-17
CN106460545B (zh) 2018-01-23
JP6382355B2 (ja) 2018-08-29
JP2017527728A (ja) 2017-09-21
US20170138259A1 (en) 2017-05-18

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