EP3118537B1 - Appareil à conduit d'air avec des moyens de fermeture de ventilation - Google Patents

Appareil à conduit d'air avec des moyens de fermeture de ventilation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3118537B1
EP3118537B1 EP15176639.1A EP15176639A EP3118537B1 EP 3118537 B1 EP3118537 B1 EP 3118537B1 EP 15176639 A EP15176639 A EP 15176639A EP 3118537 B1 EP3118537 B1 EP 3118537B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
casing
appliance
appliance according
ventilation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15176639.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3118537A1 (fr
Inventor
Jose Acedo Navarrete
Ruben Martinez
Javier Vicente Ortiz de Guinea
Loreto Ganuza
Iker Altuzarra
Illan Arribas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP15176639.1A priority Critical patent/EP3118537B1/fr
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Priority to DK15176639.1T priority patent/DK3118537T3/en
Priority to PL15176639T priority patent/PL3118537T3/pl
Priority to ES15176639.1T priority patent/ES2677719T3/es
Priority to TR2018/09411T priority patent/TR201809411T4/tr
Priority to PT151766391T priority patent/PT3118537T/pt
Priority to CN201610540785.0A priority patent/CN106196536B/zh
Publication of EP3118537A1 publication Critical patent/EP3118537A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3118537B1 publication Critical patent/EP3118537B1/fr
Priority to HRP20180918TT priority patent/HRP20180918T1/hr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ducted air appliance having a refrigerant circuit employing ducted air as exchange medium.
  • Refrigerants used in home heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) units include hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs). Since there are evidences showing that all these substances contribute very significantly to the global warming, and additionally that CFCs destroy the Earth's ozone layer, there have been attempts to replace them with environment-friendly refrigerants, such as hydrocarbons (HCs) or HFCs with low warming potential. However, these alternative environment-friendly refrigerants are often flammable. If there occurs a refrigerant leakage inside an appliance, the leaked flammable substance can accumulate and reach a concentration value that could cause an explosion. Examples for such an apparatus are described in patent documents US2012 0222631 A1 and EP2631570A2 .
  • the safe environment could be an outdoor location or a room that is big enough to be safe in case of leakage because the concentration of flammable refrigerant in air will not reach explosive levels. For example, if the amount of hydrocarbon refrigerant in an appliance is below 150gr, a room of 4m 2 is considered as big enough. However, there is still a risk that the leaked flammable refrigerant stays inside the appliance where the volume is small and concentrations may exceed the explosive level.
  • the leakage can happen in the closed ducted volume, since ducted air appliances must be air sealed to avoid losses of air during operation that would cause a decrease of the performance.
  • the complete refrigerant circuit or only part of it may be inside the sealed duct. While these units are working there is an operative air flow through the appliance that takes the leaked flammable refrigerant to a safe environment, but if the leakage happens while the appliance is stopped the refrigerant accumulates inside the duct and dangerous refrigerant concentrations may be reached.
  • an appliance comprising a casing, a refrigerant circuit disposed in the casing, an air inlet and an air outlet connected with the casing, and a fan disposed in the casing for creating an air flow passing through the air inlet and the air outlet.
  • the air flow forms an exchange medium of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the appliance further comprises a ventilation closure means associated with the casing for establishing a leak path when the fan is in an off state and closing said leak path when the fan is in a running state. In this way, the appliance can be air sealed during operation to avoid air losses which will result in a decrease of the performance, and establish a refrigerant leak path when the fan stops or is broken to avoid an accumulation of the leaked refrigerant inside the appliance.
  • the casing defines a ventilation opening
  • the ventilation closure means comprises a door rotatably attached to the casing about a pivot axis; wherein the door is operable to close the ventilation opening at a closed position and uncover the ventilation opening an open position.
  • the ventilation closure means comprises a retaining device engaged with the door to retain the door at the open position.
  • the retaining device comprises a self-biased device.
  • the self-biased device comprises a counterweight rigidly connected to the door and disposed opposite to the door with respect to the pivot axis.
  • the self-biased device comprises a torsion spring with two spring arms engaged with the door and the casing respectively.
  • the retaining means comprises a motor with a motor shaft connected with the door along the pivot axis to actuate the door to move to the open position.
  • the motor is also operable to actuate the door to move to the closed position.
  • the retaining means further comprises a motor with a motor shaft connected with door along the pivot axis to actuate the door to move to the closed position.
  • the refrigerant circuit is charged with a flammable refrigerant or combined refrigerants containing a flammable refrigerant.
  • the ventilation opening is disposed at a lower portion of the casing.
  • a ducted air appliance 100 can be a domestic hot water tank integrated with a heat pump for preparing domestic hot water.
  • the ducted air appliance 100 can stand on the floor with a water tank 141 located at a lower portion thereof and a refrigerant circuit located at an upper portion thereof.
  • the water tank is enclosed by top, bottom, and side insulations 14 to avoid a heat loss of hot water inside the tank 141.
  • the refrigerant circuit is enclosed by a casing 11 composed by top, bottom, and side insulations for reducing heat loss on operation of the refrigerant circuit.
  • An air inlet duct 121 and an air outlet duct 122 are connected with the casing 11 to define an air inlet and an air outlet respectively.
  • the refrigerant circuit typically has a compressor 111, a condenser 112, an expansion device (now shown), and an evaporator 113. These components are generally serially connected via conduits or pipings and are well known in the art.
  • the compressor 111 acts on relatively cool gaseous refrigerant to raise the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant. From the compressor 111, the high temperature, high pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the condenser 112 where it is cooled and exits the condenser 112 as a high pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the condenser 112 is a plate type heat exchanger, and it performs as a heat source for the water tank 141. Water extracted from the water tank 141 passes through the condenser heat exchanger 112 to be heated by the refrigerant in a non-contact way, and then hot water flows back and is stored within the tank 141.
  • the high pressure liquid refrigerant then flows to an expansion device (now shown), which controls the amount of refrigerant entering into the evaporator 113.
  • the evaporator 113 takes form of a finned tube exchanger, and a centrifugal fan 114 is disposed in the casing 11 and located adjacent to the evaporator 113.
  • the low temperature refrigerant absorbs heat from air blown through the air inlet duct 121 by the fan 114 over the evaporator's tubes and exits the appliance via the air outlet duct 122.
  • the suction of the compressor 111 then draws the gaseous refrigerant back to the compressor where the cycle begins again.
  • the refrigerant circuit is charged with a flammable refrigerant or combined refrigerants containing a flammable refrigerant.
  • the flammable refrigerant can be HFC or HC substance such as R32, R152a, R290, R600 and the like.
  • a ventilation closure means 13 is associated with the casing 11 for establishing a leak path (as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1b ) when the fan 114 is in an off state and closing the leak path (as indicated by arrows in Fig. 1a ) when the fan 114 is in a running state.
  • the appliance can be air sealed during operation to avoid air losses which will result in a decrease of the performance, and establish a refrigerant leak path when the fan stops or is broken to avoid an accumulation of the leaked refrigerant inside the appliance.
  • the ventilation closure means 13 is preferably disposed at a lower portion of the casing 11.
  • the ventilation closure means can be disposed at a lower portion of a side surface of the casing 11.
  • the ventilation closure means 13 include two units with the same structure, and they are respectively located at opposite sides of the casing 11. The configuration of the ventilation closure means 13 will be fully described hereinafter.
  • Figs. 2a and 2b show a variant embodiment of a ducted air appliance.
  • the appliance 200 can be an air-to-water heat pump installed in a hidden ceiling 50 for space heating and/or domestic hot water preparation.
  • the appliance 200 includes a casing 21, an air inlet duct and an air outlet duct connected with the casing 21, a refrigerant circuit and an evaporator fan 214 disposed within the casing 21.
  • the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 211, a condenser 212, an expansion device (now shown), and an evaporator 213.
  • a ventilation closure means 23 disposed at a lower portion of a side surface of the casing 21.
  • Figs. 3a and 3b illustrate a ducted air appliance according to a third embodiment of present invention.
  • the appliance 300 can be a ducted air treatment and heat recovery heat pump installed in a hidden ceiling 50.
  • the appliance 300 includes a casing 31 with an upper layer 301 and a lower layer 302. Two pairs of air inlet and outlet ducts are connected with the upper layer 301 and the lower layer 302 respectively.
  • a refrigerant circuit includes a compressor 311 and a condenser 312 disposed in the upper layer 301, and an evaporator 313 disposed in the lower layer 302.
  • a condenser fan 314 and an evaporator fan 315 are disposed in the upper layer 301 and the lower layer 302 respectively.
  • a ventilation closure means 33 includes two units each disposed at a lower portion of a side surface of the upper layer 301 or the lower layer 302.
  • the ceiling 50 defines some holes therein for discharging leaked refrigerant exiting from the appliance 300 to a sage area.
  • Fig. 4 shows a first example of the ventilation closure means which can be used in any of the appliances mentioned in above embodiments, and the ventilation closure means 13 in the first embodiment will be exemplified hereinafter.
  • the casing 11 defines a ventilation opening 110 at a side surface thereof.
  • the ventilation closure means includes a door 131 rotatably attached to the casing 11 above a pivot axis.
  • the pivot axis can be formed by an actual pivot 1311 with its opposite ends connected to a pair of lugs 117 projecting from the side surface of the casing 11.
  • the ventilation closure means 13 includes a pair of counterweights 135 rigidly connected to the door via a pair of rods 1351.
  • Each rod 1351 extends through the side surface and is connected between the door 131 and the counterweight 135.
  • the counterweight 135 is located at an opposite side of the door 131 with respect to the pivot axis 1311.
  • the counterweight 135 provides a gravitational potential to the door 131 rotating about the pivot axis 1311, so as to retain the door 131 at an open position with the ventilation opening 110 uncovered when the fan 114 is not in operation.
  • the air flow creates a differential pressure between both sides of the door 131, which multiplied by the door area represents a force bigger than the biased force applied by the counter weight 135, thereby closing the door 131 to avoid air losses.
  • the leaked refrigerant is discharged out of the appliance 100 together with air flow by the fan 114.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a variant example of the ventilation closure means.
  • the counterweight 135 can be replaced by a torsion spring 136 to act as a retaining device for retaining a door 132 in an open position where the ventilation opening 110 is uncovered by the door 132.
  • the door 132 has a wing portion 1322 extending from one side thereof.
  • the torsion spring 136 has a main portion encircled around a pivot 1321 and two spring arms 1361, 1362 respectively abutting against the wing portion 1322 of the door 132 and the side surface of the casing 11.
  • the door 132 can be retained at the open position by a biased force applied by the spring 136 when the fan 114 is not in operation, and moved to the close position by rotating about the pivot axis 1321 when the fan 114 is operated and air pressure is applied onto the door 132.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a third example of the ventilation closure means.
  • a motor 137 is used to act as the retaining device.
  • the motor 137 can include a motor shaft (now shown) rotatably fixed with the door 133 and connected with the door along the pivot axis 1331.
  • the pivot axis 1331 can be a virtual axis in this example, as indicated by the broken line shown in Fig. 6 .
  • the motor 137 is controlled with an appropriate signal to actuate the door 133 to move to the open position. In an alternative embodiment, it is possible to have two different signals to drive the motor 137 to actuate the door 133 to move to the open and the closed positions.
  • the motor 137 can be combined with the self biased device, such as the counterweight 135 or the torsion spring 136 as described in above examples.
  • the counterweight 135 or the torsion spring 136 acts as a retaining device to retain the door 133 in the opening position, and the motor 137 can be controlled by an appropriate signal to drive the door 133 to the closed position.
  • the ventilation closure means described above can be used to ducted heat pumps, ducted air conditioners, and ducted air heat recovery appliances for hidden installation or not.
  • the ventilation closure means can also be used to appliances including the refrigerant circuit charged with nonflammable refrigerant, although which is not necessary for such appliances.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil comprenant :
    un carter (11) ;
    un circuit réfrigérant disposé dans le carter (11) ;
    une entrée d'air (121) et une sortie d'air (122) reliées au carter (11) ;
    un ventilateur (114) disposé dans le carter (11) pour créer un flux d'air passant à travers ladite entrée d'air (121) et ladite sortie d'air (122),
    ledit flux d'air formant un milieu d'échange du circuit réfrigérant ; et
    caractérisé par un moyen de fermeture de ventilation (13) associé au carter (11) pour établir un chemin de fuite quand le ventilateur (114) est dans un état arrêté et fermant ledit chemin de fuite quand le ventilateur (114) est dans un état de marche.
  2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit carter (11) définit une ouverture de ventilation et ledit moyen de fermeture de ventilation (13) comprend une trappe attachée en rotation au carter autour d'un axe de pivot ; dans lequel ladite trappe peut être mise en oeuvre pour fermer l'ouverture de ventilation au niveau d'une position fermée et découvrir l'ouverture de ventilation au niveau d'une position ouverte.
  3. Appareil selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit moyen de fermeture de ventilation comprend en outre un dispositif de retenu en prise avec la trappe pour retenir la trappe au niveau de la position ouverte.
  4. Appareil selon la revendication 3, dans lequel ledit dispositif de retenue comprend un dispositif auto-sollicité.
  5. Appareil selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ledit dispositif auto-sollicité comprend un contrepoids (135) relié de manière rigide à la trappe et disposé en face de la trappe par rapport à l'axe de pivot.
  6. Appareil selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ledit dispositif auto-sollicité comprend un ressort de torsion (136) avec deux bras de ressort respectivement en prise avec la trappe et le carter.
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 3, dans lequel ledit moyen de retenue comprend un moteur (137) avec un arbre de moteur relié à la trappe le long de l'axe de pivot pour actionner la trappe pour qu'elle se déplace jusqu'à la position ouverte.
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ledit moteur (137) peut également être mis en oeuvre pour actionner la trappe pour qu'elle se déplace jusqu'à la position fermée.
  9. Appareil selon les revendications 4, 5 ou 6, dans lequel ledit moyen de retenue comprend en outre un moteur (137) avec un arbre de moteur relié à la trappe le long de l'axe de pivot pour actionner la trappe pour qu'elle se déplace jusqu'à la position fermée.
  10. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le circuit réfrigérant est chargé avec un réfrigérant inflammable ou des réfrigérants combinés contenant un réfrigérant inflammable.
  11. Appareil selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite ouverture de ventilation est disposée au niveau d'une portion inférieure du carter (11).
EP15176639.1A 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Appareil à conduit d'air avec des moyens de fermeture de ventilation Active EP3118537B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK15176639.1T DK3118537T3 (en) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 AIR CONDITIONER WITH VENTILATION CLOSURE
PL15176639T PL3118537T3 (pl) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Kanałowe urządzenie wentylacyjne z wentylacyjnymi środkami zamykającymi
ES15176639.1T ES2677719T3 (es) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Aparato de aire en conducto con medio de cierre de ventilación
TR2018/09411T TR201809411T4 (tr) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Havalandırma kapatma aracına sahip kanallı hava cihazı.
EP15176639.1A EP3118537B1 (fr) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Appareil à conduit d'air avec des moyens de fermeture de ventilation
PT151766391T PT3118537T (pt) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Aparelho de ar canalizado com meios de fecho de ventilação
CN201610540785.0A CN106196536B (zh) 2015-07-14 2016-07-11 具备通风关闭机构的风管送风设备
HRP20180918TT HRP20180918T1 (hr) 2015-07-14 2018-06-13 Uređaj sa zračnim kanalom, opremljen elementom za prekidanje ventiliranja

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15176639.1A EP3118537B1 (fr) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Appareil à conduit d'air avec des moyens de fermeture de ventilation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3118537A1 EP3118537A1 (fr) 2017-01-18
EP3118537B1 true EP3118537B1 (fr) 2018-04-25

Family

ID=53836367

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15176639.1A Active EP3118537B1 (fr) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 Appareil à conduit d'air avec des moyens de fermeture de ventilation

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3118537B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN106196536B (fr)
DK (1) DK3118537T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2677719T3 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20180918T1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3118537T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT3118537T (fr)
TR (1) TR201809411T4 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019245669A1 (fr) * 2018-06-21 2019-12-26 Carrier Corporation Récipient réfrigéré muni d'un système de ventilation
DE102019101427A1 (de) 2019-01-21 2020-07-23 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmetechnisches Gerät
DE102019001532A1 (de) * 2019-03-07 2020-09-10 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmepumpengehäuse
EP3839360B1 (fr) * 2019-12-20 2023-11-01 Daikin Europe N.V. Pompe à chaleur et son procédé d'installation
FR3120932B1 (fr) * 2021-03-22 2023-02-10 Compagnie Ind Des Chauffe Eau Systeme de chauffage d’eau

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US6912860B2 (en) * 2003-08-08 2005-07-05 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method of operating a directed relief valve in an air conditioning system
CN201652623U (zh) * 2010-04-22 2010-11-24 广东美的电器股份有限公司 防可燃性制冷剂聚积的空调室外机
US9068767B2 (en) * 2010-09-21 2015-06-30 Claude Lesage Gas-fired water heater with separable heat exchanger or detachably connected external water heater
CN102162658A (zh) * 2011-05-26 2011-08-24 广东美的电器股份有限公司 空调器及其控制方法
US20130213068A1 (en) * 2012-02-21 2013-08-22 Rakesh Goel Safe operation of space conditioning systems using flammable refrigerants
JP5665937B1 (ja) * 2013-09-13 2015-02-04 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
JP5804027B2 (ja) * 2013-11-14 2015-11-04 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和機の室内機
CN203718970U (zh) * 2014-02-24 2014-07-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调及其室外机
CN203718946U (zh) * 2014-03-05 2014-07-16 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 空调室内机及空调器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HRP20180918T1 (hr) 2018-09-07
DK3118537T3 (en) 2018-07-30
EP3118537A1 (fr) 2017-01-18
PL3118537T3 (pl) 2018-11-30
PT3118537T (pt) 2018-07-20
CN106196536B (zh) 2019-01-08
ES2677719T3 (es) 2018-08-06
TR201809411T4 (tr) 2018-07-23
CN106196536A (zh) 2016-12-07

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