EP3118430B1 - Exhaust volume, with a main enclosure and a partial enclosure, manufacturing process of such volume - Google Patents
Exhaust volume, with a main enclosure and a partial enclosure, manufacturing process of such volume Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3118430B1 EP3118430B1 EP16180891.0A EP16180891A EP3118430B1 EP 3118430 B1 EP3118430 B1 EP 3118430B1 EP 16180891 A EP16180891 A EP 16180891A EP 3118430 B1 EP3118430 B1 EP 3118430B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- enclosure
- partial
- principal
- longitudinal
- envelope
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/089—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using two or more expansion chambers in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/16—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for reducing exhaust flow pulsations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/18—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving rigidity, e.g. by wings, ribs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
- F01N2490/08—Two or more expansion chambers in series separated by apertured walls only
Definitions
- the invention generally relates to means for reducing acoustic radiation in vehicle exhaust lines.
- the invention relates in a first aspect to a vehicle exhaust volume, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the limitation of the acoustic radiation of the exhaust lines, including exhaust silencers, is an important point to deal with for the comfort of the passengers of the vehicle, and also for the comfort of the people located in the environment of this vehicle.
- This acoustic radiation comes mainly from two sources: radiation due to gas excitation, and radiation due to structural excitation.
- one of the means traditionally used to reduce acoustic radiation is to increase the stiffness of the main envelope, so as to reduce the structural excitation.
- the stiffening is achieved by creating ribs or bosses in the main envelope.
- Another possibility is to rigidly fix a sheet on the main envelope, thus creating a local extra thickness.
- the acoustic radiation from the gas excitation is greatly attenuated.
- the constant concern of automotive equipment manufacturers is to reduce the weight of the components on board the vehicle. Accordingly, it is desirable to reduce the thickness of the main envelope. This has negative effects vis-à-vis the acoustic radiation. Indeed, it makes emerge strong resonances on thin sheets. This phenomenon is due in particular to the shift of the resonance frequencies towards the low frequencies. Due to the reduction in thickness, the radiation due to the gas excitation is greater, this radiation being less attenuated through the main envelope. The only stiffening of the main envelope does not lead to satisfactory results.
- the invention aims to provide an exhaust volume in which the acoustic radiation is strongly limited, even when the main envelope is made of a thin sheet.
- the invention relates to an exhaust volume according to claim 1.
- the longitudinal section or sections of the partial envelope are free vis-à-vis the main envelope. Under the effect of the structural excitation of the exhaust volume, there is thus a friction between the longitudinal section or sections and the main envelope. This friction dampens the vibrations in the main envelope of the exhaust volume, and therefore reduces the noise due to structural excitation.
- the exhaust volume has a wall of high total thickness at the partial envelope, which reduces the acoustic radiation due to gaseous excitation.
- each longitudinal section extends over a longitudinal length greater than 20% of the given longitudinal length.
- each longitudinal section extends over a longitudinal length greater than 50 mm, preferably greater than 80 mm, more preferably greater than 100 mm.
- the partial envelope has one or more completely free sections relative to the main envelope, and covering a large area.
- Each longitudinal section is likely to move relative to the main envelope in all directions, namely longitudinally, transversely, or in all directions forming an angle with the longitudinal and transverse directions.
- the exhaust volume may also have one or more of the features set forth in dependent claims 2 to 12.
- the invention relates to an exhaust line comprising an exhaust volume having the above characteristics.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an exhaust volume as defined in claim 13.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an exhaust volume as defined in claim 14.
- the exhaust volume 1 represented on the Figures 1 and 2 is a silencer intended to be inserted in the exhaust line of a vehicle.
- This vehicle is typically a motor vehicle, for example a car or a truck.
- the exhaust volume is not a muffler, but is an exhaust gas flow path, or any other body of the exhaust line.
- the exhaust volume 1 represented on the figure 1 has a substantially sealed main envelope 3 internally defining a space 5 for circulation of the exhaust gases, and a partial envelope 7 pressed against the sealed envelope 3.
- the exhaust volume 1 comprises an exhaust gas inlet 9 and an outlet 11 of exhaust gas, fluidly communicating with the space 5.
- the inlet 9 is fluidly connected to the upstream part of the exhaust line , and more specifically, to an exhaust manifold collecting the gases leaving the combustion chambers of the vehicle engine.
- other equipment such as a turbocharger and purification equipment are interposed between the volume 1 and the exhaust manifold.
- the outlet 9 is fluidly connected to the downstream portion of the exhaust line, and more specifically, with a cannula through which the purified exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere.
- the exhaust gases enter the interior of the volume 1 through the inlet 9, circulating in one or more chambers formed inside the volume 1 and exit through the outlet 11.
- the exhaust volume is of the rolled type. More specifically, the main envelope 3 is rolled around the central axis C. The main envelope 3 then has two axial edges 13, substantially parallel to the central axis C, extending along one of the other. Volume 1 further comprises a rigid attachment 15 of the two axial edges 13 to each other.
- the attachment 15 is crimping, or welding, or any other type of suitable attachment.
- the main envelope 3 considered in section perpendicular to the central axis C, has a substantially elliptical shape internally.
- the main envelope has a circular section, as on the figure 6 , or oval, or substantially polygonal as on the figure 8 , or any other adapted section.
- the main envelope 3 has a tubular shape, and defines openings at its two opposite axial ends. The openings are closed by end cups 17, 18 rigidly fixed to the main casing 3, for example by crimping.
- the circulation space 5 is divided into several chambers 19, 21, 23 by internal cups 25, 26. These cups extend in planes substantially perpendicular to the central axis C, and have conjugate shapes of the section internal of the main envelope.
- the chamber 19 is delimited between the end cup 17 and the inner cup 25, the chamber 21 between the two cups 25, 26, and the chamber 23 between the inner cup 26 and the end cup 18.
- the inlet 9 and the outlet 11 are formed in the end cup 17.
- an inlet tube 29 is engaged in the inlet 9. It is parallel to the axis C. It passes entirely through the chamber 19 and opens into the chamber 21.
- An outlet tube 31 is engaged in the outlet 11. It completely passes through the chambers 19 and 21, and opens into the chamber 23. Moreover, the internal cups 25, 26 have a multitude of orifices, placing the chambers 19, 21 , 23 in fluid communication.
- the main envelope 3 is arranged such that it comprises, circumferentially around the central axis C, two first faces 33 opposite to one another having a first radius of curvature, and two second opposite faces to each other having a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature.
- the two second faces 35 connect the first two faces 33 to each other.
- the first faces 33 are of area much greater than the second face 35.
- the radii of curvature of the first faces 33 and the second faces 35 are constant, or on the contrary are slightly variable. In any event, the radii or radii of curvature of the first faces 33 always remain much greater than the radii of curvature of the second faces 35.
- the main envelope 3 is a sheet of thickness between 0.2 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.6 and 0.8 mm.
- it is made of 1.4509 steel. It consists of a single sheet in the sense that it does not have several sheets stacked on top of each other.
- the partial envelope 7, in the developed state, is of elongated shape along a longitudinal line L materialized on the figure 3 .
- the longitudinal line L is straight. It defines the direction in which the partial envelope 7 has the largest dimension.
- the partial envelope 7 is delimited, in a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal line, by two lateral edges 37 opposite one another.
- the partial envelope 7 has a longitudinal length I given. This length is taken along the line L, that is to say in the longitudinal direction.
- the side edges 37 are sinusoidal.
- the side edges 37 are straight and parallel to each other as on the figure 6 , or have any other form.
- the partial envelope 7 is a sheet of thickness between 0.1 and 0.8 mm, preferably between 0.4 and 0.6 mm.
- main envelope for example 1.4509 steel.
- main envelope for example 1.4509 steel.
- main envelope for example 1.4509 steel.
- main envelope for example 1.4509 steel.
- steel 1.4510 is in a different material from that of the main envelope.
- the partial envelope 7 is devoid of any attachment to the main envelope 3 on at least one longitudinal section 38, the longitudinal section or sections 38 extending from one lateral edge 37 to the other and extending in total over a cumulative developed longitudinal length of at least 20% of the given lengthwise longitudinal length, preferably at least 30% of the longitudinal length given, more preferably at least 50% of the given lengthwise longitudinal length.
- each longitudinal section 38 has a developed longitudinal length greater than 20% of the developed longitudinal length I given, preferably greater than 25% or even 30% of the developed length I given.
- the partial envelope 7 is arranged such that the longitudinal line L is circumferential around the central axis C.
- the longitudinal line L extends in a plane perpendicular to the axis C.
- the partial envelope 7 comprises at least a first longitudinal section 39 of first transverse width and at least a second longitudinal section 41 of second transverse width, less than the first width.
- the partial envelope 7 comprises two first sections 39, and three second sections 41.
- the partial envelope 7 is arranged such that the first sections 39 are pressed against the first faces 33 of the main envelope, the second sections 41 being pressed against the second faces 35, which have a smaller radius of curvature.
- the main envelope 3 and the partial envelope 7 are rolled together.
- the two opposite longitudinal ends 43 of the partial envelope 7 are rigidly fixed to the main envelope by the attachment 15.
- the partial envelope 7 remains free with respect to the main envelope over the rest of its longitudinal length. It is fixed to the main envelope 3 only by the fixation 15.
- the longitudinal section 38 which is completely free and devoid of any fasteners to the main envelope, comprises the first two sections 39, the second section 41 located between the first two sections 39, and the most much of the second sections 41 located between the first sections 39 and the ends 43.
- the section 38 extends over approximately 90% of the developed longitudinal length L.
- one or more of the second sections 41 of the partial envelope 7 is rigidly fixed to the main envelope, for example by welding spots 45, materialized on the figure 3 , in addition to fixation 15.
- the section 41 located circumferentially opposite the fastener 15 is fixed to the main envelope 3.
- the weld points 45 are placed at one of the second faces 35 of the main envelope. Following the line L, they are located substantially in the middle of the second section 41 which connects the first sections 39 to one another.
- solder points 45 are located on one or more other faces of the main envelope.
- the partial envelope comprises two longitudinal sections 47 devoid of any fasteners to the main envelope.
- Each section 47 extends from the soldering points 45 to one of the two longitudinal ends 43.
- Each section 47 extends over approximately 40% of the given longitudinal length.
- the two longitudinal sections 47 extend over approximately 80% of the given longitudinal length.
- FIG 8 illustrates a variant of the first embodiment of the invention. Only those points by which this variant differs from that of Figures 1 to 3 will be detailed below.
- the main envelope 3 is rolled so as to present, perpendicular to the central axis C, four first faces 33 having a first radius of curvature, connected to each other by four second faces 35 having a second radius of curvature less than the first radius of curvature.
- the first faces 33 are opposed in pairs relative to the central axis C.
- the second faces 35 are opposite in pairs from the central axis C.
- the main envelope 3 therefore has a generally rectangular shape, with rounded corners.
- the partial envelope 7 comprises as many first longitudinal sections 39 as the main envelope 3 of first faces 33, having a large radius of curvature.
- the secondary envelope 7 comprises fewer first longitudinal sections 39 than the main envelope 7 of first faces 33.
- the first sections 39 are still devoid of attachment to the main envelope 3.
- the portions of the partial envelope 7 having the largest area remain free to move relative to the main envelope 3 , which increases the friction between the two envelopes.
- the partial envelope 7 is fixed to the main envelope only by its longitudinal ends 43.
- one or more of the second sections 41 is rigidly fixed to the main envelope 3, for example by welding spots.
- the exhaust flow diagram inside volume 1 is different from the scheme used on Figures 1 to 3 .
- the end cup 17 carries only the inlet 9 of the exhaust gas.
- the outlet 11 is formed in the end cup 18.
- the inlet duct 29 passes through the chamber 19 and opens into the chamber 21.
- the outlet duct 31 extends from the outlet 11 through the chambers 23 and 21 and opens into the chamber 19.
- the volume of the circulation space 5 in which the gas excitation is the strongest is here also located in the chamber 21.
- the sections 39 are located along the central axis C , at the level of the chamber 21.
- the circulation of the exhaust gas within the volume 1 can be arranged in any manner.
- the exhaust volume may include any number of internal chambers, depending on the desired exhaust flow pattern.
- the volume in which the gaseous excitation is maximum can be located at any point in the circulation space 5, near one of the end cups or, on the contrary, shifted towards the center, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 1, 2 and 8 .
- the or each partial envelope 7 is a strap, encircling the main envelope 3.
- the exhaust volume comprises several straps encircling the main envelope 3, as shown in FIGS. Figures 4 and 5 .
- the straps are axially spaced from one another, typically on a regular basis. For example, the number of straps and the position of the or each strap are selected on the basis of tests, so as to obtain the greatest possible acoustic attenuation.
- each strap has several turns 53, superimposed on each other.
- each strap is wound in a spiral, several turns around the main envelope 3, each turn corresponding to a turn.
- each strap comprises at least two turns 53, but may comprise three turns, four turns or more than four turns.
- the strap has a single turn.
- the strap is tightened with a tightening tension between 500 Newton and 3500 Newton. Indeed, too much tightening limits the friction between the turns or between the strap and the main envelope. This results in a significant decrease in vibrational energy dissipation. If the clamping tension on the contrary is too low, the durability of the straps on the main envelope will not be good. Moreover, this will result in metallic contact noises between the main envelope and the strap.
- each strap has, along the central axis C, a width of 10 to 60 mm, typically between 20 and 50 mm.
- the width is 30 mm for each strap.
- the winding of the strap around the main envelope 7 is performed with conventional means, which will not be described here.
- a first longitudinal end of the strap provides a clip 55, the second longitudinal end of the strap being engaged in the clip 55 and rigidly fixed thereto.
- the tensioning of the strap is performed by adjusting the precise point of the second longitudinal end which will be rigidly fixed 55.
- the longitudinal portion of the strap which is devoid of any attachment to the main envelope extends over the entire developed length of the strap.
- the damping of the structural excitation is by friction of each strap on the main envelope, and also by friction of the different turns of each strap against each other.
- the main envelope is rolled and its axial edges 13 are rigidly fixed to each other by the attachment 15, which is not visible on the figure 6 .
- the exhaust volume 1 comprises at least one partial envelope 7, wound around the main envelope 3.
- the exhaust volume 1 comprises two partially identical partial envelopes 7, axially spaced apart from each other. the other.
- Each partial envelope 7 has opposite longitudinal ends 43 rigidly fixed to each other by a link 57.
- the link 57 is of any suitable type.
- the link 57 is a connection by crimping, or welding, etc.
- the partial envelope 7 is only one turn of the main envelope.
- the link 57 is circumferentially offset about the central axis C with respect to the fastener 15 closing the main envelope, typically at an angle of between 30 ° and 330 °.
- the connection 57 is diametrically opposite, with respect to the central axis C, to the attachment 15.
- the partial envelope 7 has no rigid attachment to the main envelope.
- the longitudinal section devoid of any attachment to the main envelope therefore extends over the entire length of the partial envelope.
- the main envelope 3 has, perpendicular to the central axis C, a circular section. Alternatively, it has an oval section, elliptical, parallelepiped, or any other adapted section.
- the partial envelope comprises at least one flap 59, folded between the main envelope 3 and the partial envelope 7.
- an H-cut is made in the partial envelope 7, and two flaps 59 are thus created and folded between the partial envelope 7 and the main envelope 3. After folding the flaps 59, a window 61 is thus formed in the partial envelope 7.
- the cutout has a shape of C, so that each cut of the partial envelope 7 creates only one shutter 59.
- two parallel incisions are made on a lateral edge 37 of the partial envelope 7, delimiting between it a flap 59 which can be folded between the partial envelope 7 and the main envelope 3.
- the lateral edge 37 of the partial envelope 7 comprises a projecting zone, which is folded and folded between the main envelope 3 and the partial envelope 7.
- the edges of the sections 39 can be folded between the partial envelope 7 and the main envelope 3.
- the fold line connecting the flap 59 to the partial envelope is likely to take any kind of orientation. As visible on the figure 7 it may be circumferential, or parallel to the C axis, or have any other orientation.
- the partial envelope may include one or more cutouts, as needed.
- one or more flaps 59 can be made in each embodiment of the invention.
- the main envelope 3 has a given total area
- the partial envelope 7 has a reduced area, between 1 and 80% of the total given area of the main envelope, typically between 3 and 60% of the total area given.
- the area of the partial envelope corresponds to the cumulative area of all the turns 53.
- the area of the partial envelope is between 3 and 40% of the total area given.
- the area of the partial envelope is between 15 and 80% of the total area given, preferably between 20 and 40% of the area. given total.
- the partial envelope 7 only covers part of the main envelope 3.
- Each first longitudinal portion 39 covers between 20 and 70% of the total area of the first face 33 against which it is plated, preferably between 25 and 45%.
- Each second section 41 represents between 5 and 40% of the total area of the second face 35 against which it is plated, preferably between 10 and 20%.
- the partial envelope mainly covers the faces with a large radius of curvature of the main envelope, which are the least rigid. The faces with a small radius of curvature, which are more rigid, are less emissive, and do not need to be reinforced as much as the first faces. This makes it possible to minimize the mass of the partial envelope, and therefore of the exhaust volume.
- the partial envelope 7 is placed typically outside the exhaust volume with respect to the main envelope 3.
- the partial envelope is placed towards the inside of the exhaust volume with respect to the envelope main 3. It is in contact with the exhaust.
- This variant is adapted in particular to the case where the main envelope 3 and the partial envelope 7 are rolled together.
- the invention has been described in an application with a main envelope of reduced thickness, preferably less than 1 mm. However, it is also applicable in the case where the main envelope 3 is thicker.
- the exhaust volume may comprise only a single partial envelope. It may also, alternatively, comprise several partial envelopes, as shown in FIG. figure 4 or again figure 6 .
- the partial envelopes are arranged circumferentially around the central axis of the main envelope.
- the or each partial envelope 7 is arranged such that the longitudinal line L is parallel to the central axis.
- Such commitment is illustrated on the figure 9 . Only the points by which this variant differs from that illustrated in the Figures 1 to 3 will be detailed below. Identical elements or performing the same functions will be designated by the same references.
- the exhaust volume 1, on the figure 9 comprises two partial envelopes 7, pressed against the first faces 33.
- Each partial envelope 7 comprises a single first longitudinal section 39, extended by two second longitudinal sections 41.
- the longitudinal section 39 is located, along the central axis C, at the of the chamber 21, where the gaseous excitation level is maximum.
- Each partial envelope 7 extends over the entire axial length of the volume 1. It is fixed to the main envelope 3 only by its longitudinal ends 43.
- the longitudinal ends 43 are attached to the envelope main 3 by fastening solidarisant the end cups 17, 18 to the main envelope 3.
- the main envelope 3 each longitudinal end 43 is fixed by a dedicated attachment, for example by welding spots.
- the first longitudinal portion 39 extends circumferentially over the entire width of the first face 33.
- the second longitudinal sections 41 extend only over a portion of the circumferential width of the first face 33.
- the main envelope and / or the partial envelope are typically smooth. Alternatively, they are ribbed and textured.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne en général les moyens pour réduire le rayonnement acoustique dans les lignes d'échappement de véhicule.The invention generally relates to means for reducing acoustic radiation in vehicle exhaust lines.
Plus précisément, l'invention concerne selon un premier aspect un volume d'échappement de véhicule, selon le préambule de la revendication 1.More specifically, the invention relates in a first aspect to a vehicle exhaust volume, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Un tel volume d'échappement est décrit dans
La limitation du rayonnement acoustique des lignes d'échappement, notamment des silencieux de lignes d'échappement, est un point important à traiter pour le confort des passagers du véhicule, et également pour le confort des personnes situées dans l'environnement de ce véhicule. Ce rayonnement acoustique provient principalement de deux sources : le rayonnement dû à l'excitation gazeuse, et le rayonnement dû à l'excitation structurelle.The limitation of the acoustic radiation of the exhaust lines, including exhaust silencers, is an important point to deal with for the comfort of the passengers of the vehicle, and also for the comfort of the people located in the environment of this vehicle. This acoustic radiation comes mainly from two sources: radiation due to gas excitation, and radiation due to structural excitation.
Pour des volumes d'échappement dont l'enveloppe principale est mono couche, un des moyens utilisés traditionnellement pour réduire le rayonnement acoustique est d'augmenter la rigidité de l'enveloppe principale, de manière à atténuer l'excitation structurelle. La rigidification est obtenue en créant des nervures ou des bossages dans l'enveloppe principale. Une autre possibilité consiste à fixer de manière rigide une tôle sur l'enveloppe principale, créant ainsi une surépaisseur locale.For exhaust volumes whose main envelope is monolayer, one of the means traditionally used to reduce acoustic radiation is to increase the stiffness of the main envelope, so as to reduce the structural excitation. The stiffening is achieved by creating ribs or bosses in the main envelope. Another possibility is to rigidly fix a sheet on the main envelope, thus creating a local extra thickness.
Par ailleurs, du fait de l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe principale, le rayonnement acoustique provenant de l'excitation gazeuse est fortement atténué.Moreover, because of the thickness of the main envelope, the acoustic radiation from the gas excitation is greatly attenuated.
Le souci constant des équipementiers de l'industrie automobile est de réduire la masse des composants embarqués à bord du véhicule. En conséquence, il est souhaitable de réduire l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe principale. Ceci a des effets négatifs vis-à-vis du rayonnement acoustique. En effet, elle fait émerger de fortes résonnances sur les tôles fines. Ce phénomène est dû notamment au décalage des fréquences de résonance vers les basses fréquences. Du fait de la réduction d'épaisseur, le rayonnement dû à l'excitation gazeuse est plus important, ce rayonnement étant moins atténué à travers l'enveloppe principale. La seule rigidification de l'enveloppe principale ne conduit pas à des résultats satisfaisants.The constant concern of automotive equipment manufacturers is to reduce the weight of the components on board the vehicle. Accordingly, it is desirable to reduce the thickness of the main envelope. This has negative effects vis-à-vis the acoustic radiation. Indeed, it makes emerge strong resonances on thin sheets. This phenomenon is due in particular to the shift of the resonance frequencies towards the low frequencies. Due to the reduction in thickness, the radiation due to the gas excitation is greater, this radiation being less attenuated through the main envelope. The only stiffening of the main envelope does not lead to satisfactory results.
Dans ce contexte, l'invention vise à proposer un volume d'échappement dans lequel le rayonnement acoustique est fortement limité, même quand l'enveloppe principale est constituée d'une tôle fine.In this context, the invention aims to provide an exhaust volume in which the acoustic radiation is strongly limited, even when the main envelope is made of a thin sheet.
A cette fin, l'invention porte sur un volume d'échappement selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to an exhaust volume according to claim 1.
Le ou les tronçons longitudinaux de l'enveloppe partielle sont libres vis-à-vis de l'enveloppe principale. Sous l'effet de l'excitation structurelle du volume d'échappement, il se produit ainsi une friction entre le ou les tronçons longitudinaux et l'enveloppe principale. Cette friction amortit les vibrations dans l'enveloppe principale du volume d'échappement, et réduit donc le bruit dû à l'excitation structurelle. De plus, le volume d'échappement présente une paroi d'épaisseur totale élevée au niveau de l'enveloppe partielle, ce qui réduit le rayonnement acoustique dû à l'excitation gazeuse.The longitudinal section or sections of the partial envelope are free vis-à-vis the main envelope. Under the effect of the structural excitation of the exhaust volume, there is thus a friction between the longitudinal section or sections and the main envelope. This friction dampens the vibrations in the main envelope of the exhaust volume, and therefore reduces the noise due to structural excitation. In addition, the exhaust volume has a wall of high total thickness at the partial envelope, which reduces the acoustic radiation due to gaseous excitation.
Ces deux aspects permettent de réduire le rayonnement acoustique global du volume.These two aspects make it possible to reduce the overall acoustic radiation of the volume.
Avantageusement, chaque tronçon longitudinal s'étend sur une longueur longitudinale supérieure à 20% de la longueur longitudinale développée donnée.Advantageously, each longitudinal section extends over a longitudinal length greater than 20% of the given longitudinal length.
Typiquement, chaque tronçon longitudinal s'étend sur une longueur longitudinale supérieure à 50 mm de préférence supérieure à 80 mm, encore de préférence supérieure à 100 mm.Typically, each longitudinal section extends over a longitudinal length greater than 50 mm, preferably greater than 80 mm, more preferably greater than 100 mm.
Ainsi, l'enveloppe partielle présente un ou plusieurs tronçons entièrement libres par rapport à l'enveloppe principale, et couvrant une superficie importante. Chaque tronçon longitudinal est susceptible de se déplacer par rapport à l'enveloppe principale dans toutes les directions, à savoir longitudinalement, transversalement, ou selon toutes les directions formant un angle avec les directions longitudinales et transversales.Thus, the partial envelope has one or more completely free sections relative to the main envelope, and covering a large area. Each longitudinal section is likely to move relative to the main envelope in all directions, namely longitudinally, transversely, or in all directions forming an angle with the longitudinal and transverse directions.
Le volume d'échappement peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques énoncées dans les revendications dépendantes 2 à 12.The exhaust volume may also have one or more of the features set forth in dependent claims 2 to 12.
Selon un second aspect, l'invention porte sur une ligne d'échappement comportant un volume d'échappement ayant les caractéristiques ci-dessus.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an exhaust line comprising an exhaust volume having the above characteristics.
Selon un troisième aspect, l'invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication d'un volume d'échappement tel que défini dans la revendication 13.According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an exhaust volume as defined in
Selon un quatrième aspect, l'invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication d'un volume d'échappement tel que défini dans la revendication 14.According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an exhaust volume as defined in claim 14.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un volume d'échappement conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est une vue de dessus du volume d'échappement de lafigure 1 , l'enveloppe principale et l'enveloppe partielle n'étant pas représentées, le niveau de bruit rayonné global (structurel et gazeux) étant en revanche matérialisé ; - la
figure 3 est une représentation schématique simplifiée, de l'enveloppe principale et de l'enveloppe partielle de lafigure 1 à l'état développé ; - la
figure 4 est une vue similaire à celle de lafigure 3 , pour un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un volume d'échappement conforme au second mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 6 est une vue en perspective de l'enveloppe principale et de l'enveloppe partielle d'un volume d'échappement conforme à un troisième mode de réalisation qui n'est pas couvert par l'invention ; - la
figure 7 est une vue en perspective similaire à celle de lafigure 6 , illustrant une variante de réalisation ; - la
figure 8 montre un volume d'échappement conforme au premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, ce volume étant un silencieux de conception différente de celui représenté sur lesfigures 1 et 2 ; et - la
figure 9 est une vue similaire à celle de lafigure 1 , pour un volume d'échappement non couvert par l'invention avec une enveloppe partielle orientée axialement.
- the
figure 1 is a perspective view of an exhaust volume according to a first embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 2 is a top view of the exhaust volume of thefigure 1 the main envelope and the partial envelope are not shown, but the overall radiated noise level (structural and gaseous) is materialized; - the
figure 3 is a simplified schematic representation of the main envelope and the partial envelope of thefigure 1 in the developed state; - the
figure 4 is a view similar to that of thefigure 3 for a second embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 5 is a perspective view of an exhaust volume according to the second embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 6 is a perspective view of the main envelope and the partial envelope of an exhaust volume according to a third embodiment which is not covered by the invention; - the
figure 7 is a perspective view similar to that of thefigure 6 illustrating an alternative embodiment; - the
figure 8 shows an exhaust volume according to the first embodiment of the invention, this volume being a silencer of a different design from that shown in FIGS.Figures 1 and 2 ; and - the
figure 9 is a view similar to that of thefigure 1 , for an exhaust volume not covered by the invention with a partial envelope oriented axially.
Le volume d'échappement 1 représenté sur les
Ce véhicule est typiquement un véhicule automobile, par exemple une voiture ou un camion.This vehicle is typically a motor vehicle, for example a car or a truck.
En variante, le volume d'échappement n'est pas un silencieux, mais est un conduit de circulation des gaz d'échappement, ou tout autre organe de la ligne d'échappement.Alternatively, the exhaust volume is not a muffler, but is an exhaust gas flow path, or any other body of the exhaust line.
Le volume d'échappement 1 représenté sur la
Le volume d'échappement 1 comporte une entrée de gaz d'échappement 9 et une sortie 11 de gaz d'échappement, communiquant fluidiquement avec l'espace 5. L'entrée 9 est raccordée fluidiquement à la partie amont de la ligne d'échappement, et plus précisément, à un collecteur d'échappement collectant les gaz sortant des chambres de combustion du moteur du véhicule. Typiquement, d'autres équipements tels qu'un turbocompresseur et des équipements de purification sont intercalés entre le volume 1 et le collecteur d'échappement. La sortie 9 est raccordée fluidiquement à la partie aval de la ligne d'échappement, et plus précisément, avec une canule par laquelle les gaz d'échappement purifiés sont relargués dans l'atmosphère. Typiquement, les gaz d'échappement pénètrent à l'intérieur du volume 1 par l'entrée 9, circulant dans une ou plusieurs chambres ménagées à l'intérieur du volume 1 et sorte par la sortie 11.The exhaust volume 1 comprises an
Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la
Dans l'exemple représenté, l'enveloppe principale 3, considérée en section perpendiculairement l'axe central C, présente intérieurement une forme sensiblement elliptique. En variante, l'enveloppe principale présente une section de forme circulaire, comme sur la
L'enveloppe principale 3 présente une forme tubulaire, et délimite des ouvertures à ses deux extrémités axiales opposées. Les ouvertures sont fermées par des coupelles d'extrémité 17, 18 rigidement fixées à l'enveloppe principale 3, par exemple par sertissage.The
Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la
L'entrée 9 et la sortie 11 sont ménagées dans la coupelle d'extrémité 17.The
Dans l'exemple représenté, un tube d'entrée 29 est engagé dans l'entrée 9. Il est parallèle à l'axe C. Il traverse entièrement la chambre 19 et débouche dans la chambre 21.In the example shown, an
Un tube de sortie 31 est engagé dans la sortie 11. Il traverse entièrement les chambres 19 et 21, et débouche dans la chambre 23. Par ailleurs, les coupelles internes 25, 26 présentent une multitude d'orifices, mettant les chambres 19, 21, 23 en communication fluidiquement.An
Dans l'exemple représenté, l'enveloppe principale 3 est agencée de telle sorte qu'elle comprend, circonférentiellement autour de l'axe central C, deux premières faces 33 opposées l'une à l'autre ayant un premier rayon de courbure, et deux secondes faces 35 opposées l'une à l'autre ayant un second rayon de courbure inférieur au premier rayon de courbure. Les deux secondes faces 35 raccordent les deux premières faces 33 l'une à l'autre.In the example shown, the
Les premières faces 33 sont de superficie très supérieure à la seconde face 35. Les rayons de courbure des premières faces 33 et des secondes faces 35 sont constants, ou au contraire sont légèrement variables. En tout état de cause, le ou les rayons de courbure des premières faces 33 restent toujours très supérieurs aux rayons de courbure des secondes faces 35.The first faces 33 are of area much greater than the
L'enveloppe principale 3 est une tôle d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,2 et 1 mm, de préférence comprise entre 0,6 et 0,8 mm. Par exemple, elle est en acier 1.4509. Elle est constituée d'une seule tôle au sens où elle ne comporte pas plusieurs tôles empilées les unes sur les autres.The
L'enveloppe partielle 7, à l'état développé, est de forme allongée suivant une ligne longitudinale L matérialisée sur la
Dans l'exemple représenté sur les
L'enveloppe partielle 7 est une tôle d'épaisseur comprise entre 0,1 et 0,8 mm, de préférence comprise entre 0,4 et 0,6 mm.The
Elle est dans le même matériau que l'enveloppe principale, par exemple en acier 1.4509. En variante, elle est dans un matériau différent de celui de l'enveloppe principale, par exemple en acier 1.4510.It is in the same material as the main envelope, for example 1.4509 steel. Alternatively, it is in a different material from that of the main envelope, for example steel 1.4510.
Selon l'invention, l'enveloppe partielle 7 est dépourvue de toute fixation à l'enveloppe principale 3 sur au moins un tronçon longitudinal 38, le ou les tronçons longitudinaux 38 s'étendant d'un bord latéral 37 à l'autre et s'étendant au total sur une longueur longitudinal développée cumulée d'au moins 20% de la longueur longitudinale développée donnée, de préférence d'au moins 30% de la longueur longitudinale développée donnée, encore de préférence d'au moins 50% de la longueur longitudinale développée donnée.According to the invention, the
De plus, chaque tronçon longitudinal 38 présente une longueur longitudinale développée supérieure à 20 % de la longueur longitudinale développée I donnée, de préférence supérieure à 25 % ou même 30 % de la longueur développée I donnée.In addition, each
Dans l'exemple représenté sur les
Avantageusement, et comme visible sur les figures, l'enveloppe partielle 7 comprend au moins un premier tronçon longitudinal 39 de première largeur transversale et au moins un second tronçon longitudinal 41 de seconde largeur transversale, inférieure à la première largeur. Dans l'exemple représenté sur les
L'enveloppe partielle 7 est disposée de telle sorte que les premiers tronçons 39 sont plaqués contre les premières faces 33 de l'enveloppe principale, les seconds tronçons 41 étant plaqués contre les secondes faces 35, qui ont un rayon de courbure plus petit.The
Sur la
Dans le mode de réalisation des
Plus précisément, le procédé de fabrication comprend les étapes suivantes :
- coucher l'enveloppe partielle 7 contre l'enveloppe principale 3 ;
- rouler
ensemble l'enveloppe partielle 7 et l'enveloppe principale 3 ; - fixer ensemble deux bords axiaux 13 de l'enveloppe principale et les deux extrémités longitudinales opposées 43 de l'enveloppe partielle.
- lay the
partial envelope 7 against themain envelope 3; - rolling together the
partial envelope 7 and themain envelope 3; - fasten together two
axial edges 13 of the main envelope and the two opposite longitudinal ends 43 of the partial envelope.
Typiquement, l'enveloppe partielle 7 reste libre par rapport à l'enveloppe principale sur tout le reste de sa longueur longitudinale. Elle est fixée à l'enveloppe principale 3 seulement par la fixation 15.Typically, the
Ainsi, dans cet exemple de réalisation, le tronçon longitudinal 38, qui est entièrement libre et dépourvu de toutes fixations à l'enveloppe principale, comporte les deux premiers tronçons 39, le second tronçon 41 situé entre les deux premiers tronçons 39, et la plus grande partie des seconds tronçons 41 situés entre les premiers tronçons 39 et les extrémités 43.Thus, in this embodiment, the
Le tronçon 38 s'étend sur environ 90% de la longueur longitudinale développée L.The
Dans une variante de réalisation, un ou plusieurs des seconds tronçons 41 de l'enveloppe partielle 7 est rigidement fixé à l'enveloppe principale, par exemple par des points de soudure 45, matérialisés sur la
En variante, les points de soudure 45 sont situés sur une ou plusieurs autres faces de l'enveloppe principale.Alternatively, the solder points 45 are located on one or more other faces of the main envelope.
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, l'enveloppe partielle comporte deux tronçons longitudinaux 47 dépourvus de toutes fixations à l'enveloppe principale. Chaque tronçon 47 s'étend des points de soudure 45 jusqu'à une des deux extrémités longitudinales 43. Chaque tronçon 47 s'étend sur environ 40% de la longueur longitudinale développée donnée. Au total, les deux tronçons longitudinaux 47 s'étendent sur environ 80% de la longueur longitudinale développée donnée.In this embodiment, the partial envelope comprises two
La
Dans cette variante de réalisation, l'enveloppe principale 3 est roulée de manière à présenter, perpendiculairement à l'axe central C, quatre premières faces 33 ayant un premier rayon de courbure, raccordées les unes aux autres par quatre secondes faces 35 ayant un second rayon de courbure inférieur au premier rayon de courbure. Les premières faces 33 sont opposées deux à deux par rapport à l'axe central C. De même, les secondes faces 35 sont opposées deux à deux par rapport à l'axe central C. Perpendiculairement à l'axe C, l'enveloppe principale 3 présente donc une forme générale rectangulaire, avec des coins arrondis.In this embodiment, the
Dans ce cas, l'enveloppe partielle 7 comporte de préférence quatre premiers tronçons longitudinaux 39 de première largeur transversale, et cinq seconds tronçons longitudinaux 41 de seconde largeur transversale inférieure à la première largeur. Chaque premier tronçon 39 est plaqué contre l'une des premières faces 33 de l'enveloppe principale. Les seconds tronçons 41 sont plaqués contre les secondes faces 35 de l'enveloppe principale.In this case, the
En règle générale, l'enveloppe partielle 7 comporte autant de premiers tronçons longitudinaux 39 que l'enveloppe principale 3 de premières faces 33, ayant un grand rayon de courbure.As a rule, the
En variante, l'enveloppe secondaire 7 comporte moins de premiers tronçons longitudinaux 39 que l'enveloppe principale 7 de premières faces 33.As a variant, the
En tout état de cause, les premiers tronçons 39 sont toujours dépourvus de fixation à l'enveloppe principale 3. Ainsi, les portions de l'enveloppe partielle 7 ayant la plus grande superficie restent libres de se déplacer par rapport à l'enveloppe principale 3, ce qui permet d'augmenter les frictions entre les deux enveloppes.In any case, the
Typiquement, l'enveloppe partielle 7 est fixée à l'enveloppe principale seulement par ses extrémités longitudinales 43. En variante, un ou plusieurs des seconds tronçons 41 est rigidement fixés à l'enveloppe principale 3, par exemple par des points de soudure.Typically, the
Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la
La coupelle d'extrémité 17 porte seulement l'entrée 9 des gaz d'échappement. La sortie 11 est ménagée dans la coupelle d'extrémité 18. Le conduit d'entrée 29 traverse la chambre 19 et débouche dans la chambre 21. Le conduit de sortie 31 s'étend à partir de la sortie 11 à travers les chambres 23 et 21 et débouche dans la chambre 19. Le volume de l'espace de circulation 5 dans lequel l'excitation gazeuse est la plus forte est ici aussi située dans la chambre 21. Ainsi, les tronçons 39 sont situés, suivant l'axe central C, au niveau de la chambre 21.The
En variante, la circulation des gaz d'échappement au sein du volume 1 peut être agencée de toute sorte de façon. Le volume d'échappement peut comporter un nombre quelconque de chambres internes, en fonction du schéma de circulation des gaz d'échappement recherché. Le volume dans lequel l'excitation gazeuse est maximum peut être située en tout point de l'espace de circulation 5, à proximité d'une des coupelles d'extrémité ou au contraire décalé vers le centre, comme illustré sur les
Un second mode de réalisation de l'invention va maintenant être décrit, en référence aux
Selon le second mode de réalisation, la ou chaque enveloppe partielle 7 est une sangle, encerclant l'enveloppe principale 3. Typiquement, le volume d'échappement comporte plusieurs sangles encerclant l'enveloppe principale 3, comme représenté sur les
Les sangles sont espacées axialement les unes des autres, typiquement de manière régulière. Par exemple, le nombre de sangles et la position de la ou chaque sangle sont choisis sur la base d'essais, de manière à obtenir la plus grande atténuation acoustique possible.The straps are axially spaced from one another, typically on a regular basis. For example, the number of straps and the position of the or each strap are selected on the basis of tests, so as to obtain the greatest possible acoustic attenuation.
Par exemple, chaque sangle comporte plusieurs spires 53, superposées les unes sur les autres. En d'autres termes, chaque sangle est enroulée en spirale, sur plusieurs tours autour de l'enveloppe principale 3, chaque tour correspondant à une spire.For example, each strap has
De préférence, chaque sangle comporte au minimum deux spires 53, mais peut comporter trois spires, quatre spires ou plus de quatre spires.Preferably, each strap comprises at least two turns 53, but may comprise three turns, four turns or more than four turns.
Dans une variante non préférée, la sangle comporte une seule spire.In a non preferred variant, the strap has a single turn.
Selon un aspect important pour ce mode de réalisation, la sangle est serrée avec une tension de serrage compris entre 500 Newton et 3500 Newton. En effet, trop de serrage limite la friction entre les spires ou entre la sangle et l'enveloppe principale. Il en résulte une diminution importante de la dissipation d'énergie vibratoire. Si la tension de serrage au contraire est trop faible, la tenue dans le temps des sangles sur l'enveloppe principale ne sera pas bonne. Par ailleurs, il en résultera des bruits de contact métallique entre l'enveloppe principale et la sangle.According to an important aspect for this embodiment, the strap is tightened with a tightening tension between 500 Newton and 3500 Newton. Indeed, too much tightening limits the friction between the turns or between the strap and the main envelope. This results in a significant decrease in vibrational energy dissipation. If the clamping tension on the contrary is too low, the durability of the straps on the main envelope will not be good. Moreover, this will result in metallic contact noises between the main envelope and the strap.
Typiquement, chaque sangle présente, selon l'axe central C, une largeur de 10 à 60 mm, typiquement comprise entre 20 et 50 mm. Par exemple, la largeur est de 30 mm pour chaque sangle.Typically, each strap has, along the central axis C, a width of 10 to 60 mm, typically between 20 and 50 mm. For example, the width is 30 mm for each strap.
Un procédé de fabrication possible pour le volume d'échappement est alors le suivant. Ce procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
former l'enveloppe principale 3, par exemple en la roulant ;- enrouler la sangle sous tension, sur un ou plusieurs tours, autour de l'enveloppe principale 3.
- forming the
main envelope 3, for example by rolling it; - wind the strap under tension, on one or more turns, around the
main envelope 3.
L'enroulement de la sangle autour de l'enveloppe principale 7 est effectué avec des moyens classiques, qui ne seront pas décrits ici.The winding of the strap around the
Dans un cas non couvert par l'invention, une première extrémité longitudinale de la sangle apporte un clip 55, la seconde extrémité longitudinale de la sangle étant engagée dans le clip 55 et rigidement fixée à celui-ci. La mise en tension de la sangle est effectuée en ajustant le point précis de la seconde extrémité longitudinale qui sera rigidement fixé au clip 55. Le tronçon longitudinal de la sangle qui est dépourvu de toute fixation à l'enveloppe principale s'étend sur toute la longueur développée de la sangle.In a case not covered by the invention, a first longitudinal end of the strap provides a
Dans ce second mode de réalisation, l'amortissement de l'excitation structurelle se fait par frottement de chaque sangle sur l'enveloppe principale, et également par frottement des différentes spires de chaque sangle les unes contre les autres.In this second embodiment, the damping of the structural excitation is by friction of each strap on the main envelope, and also by friction of the different turns of each strap against each other.
Un troisième mode de réalisation non couvert par l'invention va maintenant être décrit, en référence à la
Dans ce troisième mode de réalisation, l'enveloppe principale est roulée et ses bords axiaux 13 sont rigidement fixés l'un à l'autre par la fixation 15, qui n'est pas visible sur la
Le volume d'échappement 1 comporte au moins une enveloppe partielle 7, enroulée autour de l'enveloppe principale 3. Dans l'exemple représenté, le volume d'échappement 1 comporte deux enveloppes partielles 7, sensiblement identiques, espacées axialement l'une de l'autre. Chaque enveloppe partielle 7 présente des extrémités longitudinales opposées 43 rigidement fixées l'une à l'autre par une liaison 57. La liaison 57 est de tout type adaptée. Par exemple, la liaison 57 est une liaison par sertissage, ou par soudage, etc.The exhaust volume 1 comprises at least one
L'enveloppe partielle 7 ne fait qu'un tour de l'enveloppe principale. La liaison 57 est décalée circonférentiellement autour de l'axe central C par rapport à la fixation 15 fermant l'enveloppe principale, typiquement d'un angle compris entre 30° et 330°. Par exemple la liaison 57 est diamétralement opposée, par rapport à l'axe central C, à la fixation 15.The
L'enveloppe partielle 7 ne comporte aucune fixation rigide à l'enveloppe principale. Le tronçon longitudinal dépourvu de toute fixation à l'enveloppe principale s'étend donc sur toute la longueur de l'enveloppe partielle.The
Sur la
Selon une variante de réalisation illustrée sur la
Par exemple, une découpe en H est réalisée dans l'enveloppe partielle 7, et deux volets 59 sont ainsi créés et rabattus entre l'enveloppe partielle 7 et l'enveloppe principale 3. Après pliage des volets 59, une fenêtre 61 est ainsi ménagée dans l'enveloppe partielle 7.For example, an H-cut is made in the
En variante, la découpe présente une forme de C, de telle sorte que chaque découpe de l'enveloppe partielle 7 ne crée qu'un seul volet 59.As a variant, the cutout has a shape of C, so that each cut of the
Selon une autre variante non représentée, deux incisions parallèles sont réalisées sur un bord latéral 37 de l'enveloppe partielle 7, délimitant entre elle un volet 59 qui peut être rabattu entre l'enveloppe partielle 7 et l'enveloppe principale 3.According to another variant not shown, two parallel incisions are made on a
Selon une autre variante, le bord latéral 37 de l'enveloppe partielle 7 comporte une zone saillante, qui est pliée et rabattue entre l'enveloppe principale 3 et l'enveloppe partielle 7. Dans ce cas, il n'est pas nécessaire de réaliser des découpes ou des incisions dans l'enveloppe partielle 7. Ceci est le cas notamment pour l'enveloppe partielle de la
La ligne de pliage raccordant le volet 59 à l'enveloppe partielle est susceptible de prendre toute sorte d'orientation. Comme visible sur la
L'enveloppe partielle peut comporter une ou plusieurs découpes, en fonction des besoins.The partial envelope may include one or more cutouts, as needed.
Le fait de présenter un volet 59 rabattu entre l'enveloppe principale 3 et l'enveloppe partielle 7 permet d'augmenter la surface de friction. On augmente également localement, au niveau du volet 59, l'épaisseur et la rigidité de l'enveloppe principale.Having a
Il est à noter qu'un ou plusieurs volets 59 peut être réalisé dans chaque mode de réalisation de l'invention.It should be noted that one or
Typiquement, l'enveloppe principale 3 présente une superficie totale donnée, et l'enveloppe partielle 7 présente une superficie réduite, comprise entre 1 et 80% de la superficie totale donnée de l'enveloppe principale, typiquement comprise entre 3 et 60% de la superficie totale donnée.Typically, the
Pour le second mode de réalisation de l'invention, la superficie de l'enveloppe partielle correspond à la superficie cumulée de toutes les spires 53.For the second embodiment of the invention, the area of the partial envelope corresponds to the cumulative area of all the
Plus précisément, quand l'enveloppe partielle est une sangle, la superficie de l'enveloppe partielle est comprise entre 3 et 40 % de la superficie totale donnée. Quand l'enveloppe partielle est selon le premier ou le troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la superficie de l'enveloppe partielle est comprise entre 15 et 80% de la superficie totale donnée, de préférence entre 20 et 40% de la superficie totale donnée.More specifically, when the partial envelope is a strap, the area of the partial envelope is between 3 and 40% of the total area given. When the partial envelope is according to the first or third embodiment of the invention, the area of the partial envelope is between 15 and 80% of the total area given, preferably between 20 and 40% of the area. given total.
Ainsi, l'enveloppe partielle 7 ne couvre qu'une partie de l'enveloppe principale 3.Thus, the
Chaque premier tronçon longitudinal 39 couvre entre 20 et 70 % de la superficie totale de la première face 33 contre laquelle il est plaqué, de préférence entre 25 et 45%. Chaque second tronçon 41 représente entre 5 et 40% de la superficie totale de la seconde face 35 contre laquelle il est plaqué, de préférence entre 10 et 20 %. En d'autres termes, l'enveloppe partielle couvre principalement les faces à grand rayon de courbure de l'enveloppe principale, qui sont les moins rigides. Les faces à faible rayon de courbure, qui sont plus rigides, sont moins émissives, et n'ont pas besoin d'être renforcées autant que les premières faces. Ceci permet de minimiser la masse de l'enveloppe partielle, et donc du volume d'échappement.Each first
L'enveloppe partielle 7 est placée typiquement vers l'extérieur du volume d'échappement par rapport à l'enveloppe principale 3. En variante, l'enveloppe partielle est placée vers l'intérieur du volume d'échappement par rapport à l'enveloppe principale 3. Elle est en contact avec les gaz d'échappement. Cette variante est adaptée notamment au cas où l'enveloppe principale 3 et l'enveloppe partielle 7 sont roulées ensemble.The
L'invention a été décrite dans une application avec une enveloppe principale d'épaisseur réduite, de préférence inférieure à 1 mm. Toutefois, elle est applicable également dans le cas où l'enveloppe principale 3 est plus épaisse.The invention has been described in an application with a main envelope of reduced thickness, preferably less than 1 mm. However, it is also applicable in the case where the
Comme décrit plus haut le volume d'échappement peut ne comprendre qu'une seule enveloppe partielle. Elle peut également, en variante, comporter plusieurs enveloppes partielles, comme illustré sur la
Dans les exemples de réalisation décrits plus haut, les enveloppes partielles sont agencées de manière circonférentielle autour de l'axe central de l'enveloppe principale. Selon une variante non couverte par l'invention, la ou chaque enveloppe partielle 7 est agencée de telle sorte que la ligne longitudinale L soit parallèle à l'axe central. Un tel engagement est illustré sur la
Le volume d'échappement 1, sur la
Chaque enveloppe partielle 7 s'étend sur toute la longueur axiale du volume 1. Elle n'est fixée à l'enveloppe principale 3 que par ses extrémités longitudinales 43. Dans l'exemple représenté, les extrémités longitudinales 43 sont fixées à l'enveloppe principale 3 par la fixation solidarisant les coupelles d'extrémité 17, 18 à l'enveloppe principale 3. En variante, à l'enveloppe principale 3 chaque extrémité longitudinale 43 est fixée par une fixation dédiée, par exemple par des points de soudure.Each
Comme visible sur la
L'enveloppe principale et/ou l'enveloppe partielle sont typiquement lisses. En variante, elles sont nervurées et texturées.The main envelope and / or the partial envelope are typically smooth. Alternatively, they are ribbed and textured.
Claims (15)
- Vehicle exhaust silencer, the silencer (1) comprising a substantially sealed principal enclosure (3) internally delimiting a space (5) for circulation of exhaust gases, and at least one partial enclosure (7) pressed against the principal enclosure (3), the partial enclosure (7) in developed state being elongated in shape along a longitudinal line (L) and being delimited in a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal line (L) by two lateral edges (37) opposite each other, the partial enclosure (7) having a given developed longitudinal length (l);
the partial enclosure (7) being without any attachment to the principal enclosure on at least one longitudinal section (38, 47), the longitudinal section or sections (38) extending from one lateral edge (37) to the other and extending in total over a cumulative developed longitudinal length of at least 20% of the given developed longitudinal length (l), ideally at least 80% of the given developed longitudinal length (l),
characterised in that the principal enclosure (3) is rolled around a central axis (C), the or each partial enclosure (7) being arranged in such a way that the longitudinal line (L) is circumferential around the central axis (C), and in that the principal enclosure (3) has two axial edges (13) substantially parallel to the central axis (C) and a rigid attachment (15) of the two axial edges (13) to each other, the or each partial enclosure (7) having two opposite longitudinal ends (43) attached to the principle enclosure (3) by said rigid attachment (15). - Exhaust silencer according to claim 1, characterised in that each longitudinal section (38, 47) extends along a longitudinal length of more than 20% of the given developed longitudinal length.
- Exhaust silencer according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the principal enclosure (3) is of sheet metal having a thickness between 0.2 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.4 and 0.8 mm.
- Exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the or each partial enclosure (7) is of sheet metal having a thickness between 0.1 and 0.8 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.6 mm.
- Exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the principal enclosure (3) comprises circumferentially around the central axis (C) at least two first faces (33) opposite to each other having a first radius of curvature, and at least two second faces (35) opposite to each other having a second radius of curvature less than the first radius of curvature, the or each partial enclosure (7) comprising at least a first longitudinal section (39) of a first transverse width and at least a second longitudinal section (41) of a second transverse width less than the first width, the or each first section (39) being pressed against one of the faces (33) of the principal enclosure (3), the or each second section (41) being pressed against one of the second faces (25) of the principal enclosure (3).
- Exhaust silencer according to claim 5, characterised in that the or each first section (38) has no attachment to the principal enclosure (3).
- Exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the or each partial enclosure (7) is a belt encircling the principal enclosure (3).
- Exhaust silencer according to claim 7, characterised in that the belt (7) comprises a plurality of turns (53) superimposed on each other.
- Exhaust silencer according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the belt is tightened with a tightening tension of between 500 N and 3500 N.
- Exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one longitudinal end (43) of the partial enclosure (7) is welded onto the principal enclosure (3), for example the two opposite longitudinal ends (43) of the partial enclosure (7) are welded onto the principal enclosure (3).
- Exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the principal enclosure (3) has a given total surface area, the partial enclosure or enclosures (7) having a total smaller surface area of between 3% and 80% of the given total surface area.
- Exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the at least one partial enclosure (7) has at least one flap (59) folded and/or cut between the principal enclosure (3) and the partial enclosure (7).
- Method of manufacturing an exhaust silencer according to any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising the following steps:- laying the partial enclosure or enclosures (7) against the principal enclosure (3);- rolling together the partial enclosure or enclosures (7) and the principal enclosure (3);- securing together the two axial edges (13) of the principal enclosure (3) and the two longitudinal ends (43) of each partial enclosure (7).
- Method of manufacturing an exhaust silencer according to any one of claims 7 to 9, the method comprising the following steps:- forming the principal enclosure (3);- rolling the belt or belts under tension, in one or more turns around the principal enclosure (3).
- Utilization of at least one partial enclosure (7) in a vehicle exhaust silencer comprising a substantially sealed principal enclosure (3) internally delimiting a space (5) for circulation of exhaust gases, and at least one partial enclosure (7) placed against the principal enclosure (3), the partial enclosure (7) in developed state being elongated in shape along a longitudinal line (L) and being delimited in a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal line (L) by two lateral edges (37) opposite each other, the partial enclosure (7) having a given developed longitudinal length (l);
the partial enclosure (7) being without any attachment to the principal enclosure over at least one longitudinal section (38, 47), the longitudinal section or sections (38) extending from one lateral edge (37) to the other and extending in total over a cumulative developed longitudinal length of at least 20% of the given developed longitudinal length (l), ideally at least 80% of the given developed longitudinal length (l);
in order to reduce the noise resulting from the structural excitation of the exhaust silencer by friction between the longitudinal sections (38, 47) of the partial enclosure (7) and of the principal enclosure (3).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16180891.0A EP3118430B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust volume, with a main enclosure and a partial enclosure, manufacturing process of such volume |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16180891.0A EP3118430B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust volume, with a main enclosure and a partial enclosure, manufacturing process of such volume |
EP15305593.4A EP3085908A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust muffler having a main shell and a partial shell and manufacturing process of such muffler |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15305593.4A Division-Into EP3085908A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust muffler having a main shell and a partial shell and manufacturing process of such muffler |
EP15305593.4A Division EP3085908A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust muffler having a main shell and a partial shell and manufacturing process of such muffler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3118430A1 EP3118430A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
EP3118430B1 true EP3118430B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
Family
ID=53005527
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16180891.0A Not-in-force EP3118430B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust volume, with a main enclosure and a partial enclosure, manufacturing process of such volume |
EP15305593.4A Withdrawn EP3085908A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust muffler having a main shell and a partial shell and manufacturing process of such muffler |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15305593.4A Withdrawn EP3085908A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2015-04-20 | Exhaust muffler having a main shell and a partial shell and manufacturing process of such muffler |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10753243B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3118430B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101986445B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107532499B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016169834A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018034120A1 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-02-22 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Method for manufacturing blank, blank, method for manufacturing press-molded article, and press-molded article |
FR3078001B1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2020-10-16 | Faurecia Systemes Dechappement | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A STAPLE METAL PART |
FR3078000B1 (en) | 2018-02-19 | 2020-03-13 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | ASSEMBLY FOR MANUFACTURING A METAL PART AND USE OF SUCH AN ASSEMBLY |
EP3527298A1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2019-08-21 | Faurecia Systèmes d'Echappement | Assembly and method for manufacturing a metal part, use of such an assembly |
JP6626530B2 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-12-25 | マレリ株式会社 | Engine muffler |
US11208934B2 (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2021-12-28 | Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. | Systems and methods for mixing exhaust gas and reductant |
US11391195B2 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2022-07-19 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust system and muffler |
CN110814659A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 四川鑫元瑞科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of automobile silencer |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51116323A (en) * | 1975-04-04 | 1976-10-13 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Heat shading device of exhaust system |
US5281778A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1994-01-25 | Midas International Corporation | Vehicular muffler with heat shield |
JP4582836B2 (en) * | 1999-09-03 | 2010-11-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Heat shield mounting structure |
JP2001123829A (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2001-05-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Mounting structure for cover member |
FR2838476B1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2005-06-24 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | EXHAUST VOLUME HAVING AN ENVELOPE DELIMITATING A GAS CIRCULATION PASSAGE |
DE10243225A1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-03-25 | Volkswagen Ag | Sound damper contained in housing with surface containing flanges and inlet and outlet for exhaust gas |
JP2006070705A (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-03-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Exhaust system of vehicular engine |
US20060065480A1 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-03-30 | Leehaug David J | Muffler and heat shield assembly |
US20080169038A1 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2008-07-17 | Timothy David Sellis | Thermal shield and methods of construction and installation |
DE102007032267B4 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2018-01-18 | Emcon Technologies Germany (Augsburg) Gmbh | Exhaust system pipe with customized wall thickness |
CN201330636Y (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-10-21 | 中国第一汽车集团公司 | Integrated scr muffler |
BR102015019177B1 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2022-10-11 | Cnh Industrial America Llc | MOUNTING ASSEMBLY FOR A MUFFLER OF AN OFF-ROAD VEHICLE AND ITS ASSEMBLY METHOD |
-
2015
- 2015-04-20 EP EP16180891.0A patent/EP3118430B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2015-04-20 EP EP15305593.4A patent/EP3085908A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-04-14 US US15/567,665 patent/US10753243B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-14 CN CN201680023308.5A patent/CN107532499B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-04-14 WO PCT/EP2016/058224 patent/WO2016169834A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-04-14 KR KR1020177030191A patent/KR101986445B1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20180156088A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
US10753243B2 (en) | 2020-08-25 |
KR20170131522A (en) | 2017-11-29 |
CN107532499A (en) | 2018-01-02 |
WO2016169834A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
KR101986445B1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
CN107532499B (en) | 2019-12-13 |
EP3085908A1 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
EP3118430A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
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