EP3114340B1 - Verfahren zur steuerung eines verbrennungsmotors - Google Patents

Verfahren zur steuerung eines verbrennungsmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3114340B1
EP3114340B1 EP15758594.4A EP15758594A EP3114340B1 EP 3114340 B1 EP3114340 B1 EP 3114340B1 EP 15758594 A EP15758594 A EP 15758594A EP 3114340 B1 EP3114340 B1 EP 3114340B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
inlet
cylinders
exhaust
valves
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Application number
EP15758594.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3114340A4 (de
EP3114340A1 (de
Inventor
Eric Olofsson
Henrik Skog
Niklas Philipson
Andreas Dahl
Michael VALLINDER
Niclas Gunnarsson
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Scania CV AB
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Scania CV AB
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Priority claimed from SE1450258A external-priority patent/SE539424C2/sv
Application filed by Scania CV AB filed Critical Scania CV AB
Publication of EP3114340A1 publication Critical patent/EP3114340A1/de
Publication of EP3114340A4 publication Critical patent/EP3114340A4/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/06—Cutting-out cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
    • F02D17/02—Cutting-out
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0082—Controlling each cylinder individually per groups or banks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion, a vehicle that comprises such an internal combustion engine, and a method to control an internal combustion engine according to the appended claims.
  • the engine's aftertreatment system for exhausts will, however, be cooled by the air passing through those cylinders where the fuel supply has been shut off.
  • the cooling down of the aftertreatment system arises because inlet air, which is supplied to the deactivated cylinders through the inlet valves, passes through the cylinders' combustion chambers, and further through the exhaust valves with no combustion. As a result, the temperature of the inlet air will remain relatively low as it is transported further to the after-treatment system, which results in the inlet air cooling down the aftertreatment system.
  • the after-treatment system In order for the after-treatment system to be able to after-treat the internal combustion engine's exhausts in a satisfactory manner, and thus to reduce emissions in the exhausts, the after-treatment system must achieve an operating temperature in the range of 300-600 °C.
  • vibrations arise in the internal combustion engine as a consequence of reduced frequency of ignition pulses in the engine and that torque pulses from the pressure in the deactivated cylinders become lower.
  • vibrations arise to the order of 1.5, which is perceived as disrupting by the driver and passengers in a vehicle operated by the internal combustion engine. If only the fuel is throttled to the deactivated cylinders, no change in the mass flow or exhaust temperature is achieved. This applies provided that fuel to the active cylinders is doubled, that is to say the load for the engine is kept constant.
  • the exhaust and inlet valves may be closed in deactivated cylinders.
  • the pressure in the deactivated cylinders then gives rise to a torque pulse per revolution per cylinder, until the pressure becomes so low in these cylinders that no significant torque is obtained from the compression pressure.
  • the pressure in deactivated cylinders becomes low because of leakage in the cylinder. This leads to even greater vibration problems, and oil may be sucked up from the crank house, as a negative pressure in the lower part of the stroke arises in the deactivated cylinders after a certain time following deactivation.
  • the vibrations may be reduced if either the exhaust or the inlet valves are kept closed, and the active valves constitute both the exhaust and inlet opening. Torque pulses will then be obtained from the compression/expansion pressure in the deactivated cylinders. This results in largely the same vibration problem as only shutting off the fuel to the deactivated cylinders. Additionally, a nearly halved mass flow to the exhaust after-treatment results.
  • Ignition frequency means ignition frequency without cylinder deactivation.
  • the engine's after treatment system for exhausts will not be cooled down, since no air is supplied to the deactivated cylinders, and no air is forwarded to the engine's after treatment system from the deactivated cylinders.
  • the deactivation with closed exhaust or inlet valves may also apply while driving a vehicle in the event of such load cases, wherein the exhaust temperature becomes so low that the exhaust treatment system cools to such an extent that it falls below the critical temperature, where its conversion ceases wholly or partly. Accordingly, this prevents exhausts from passing through the exhaust treatment system completely untreated during a part of the vehicle's driving cycle.
  • US 2009/013669 A1 discloses a method of operating an engine. The method comprises discontinuing combustion in the cylinder during a plurality of cycles of the engine.
  • US 2004/168655 A1 discloses a control device for a spark-ignition engine. More particularly, the invention pertains to a device for controlling combustion state in individual cylinders to improve fuel economy and characteristics of emissions in a multicylinder engine.
  • US 2005/022755 A1 discloses a control device for a spark ignition engine and in more detail relates to a device that controls the combustion condition in the cylinders of a multi-cylinder engine in order to improve fuel consumption and reduce emissions.
  • the primary objective of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine, in which vibrations are effectively equalized as a consequence of the deactivation of cylinders.
  • Another objective of the invention is to avoid that oil may be sucked up from the crankcase, where a negative pressure arises at the lower part of the stroke in the deactivated cylinders, after a certain time following deactivation.
  • Another objective of the present invention is thus to provide an internal combustion engine, which saves fuel through deactivation of one or several cylinders.
  • Such an internal combustion engine will save fuel, avoid cooling of the exhaust treatment system, and ensure that vibrations at a low load and at low engine speeds are effectively equalized.
  • the pressure in the first cylinder will increase in relation to the pressure in the second cylinder.
  • the pressure in the first and the second cylinders will be adapted to pressure levels which substantially correspond to each other. Accordingly, the vibrations will be effectively equalized.
  • the second fuel volume is larger than the first fuel volume.
  • vibrations to the order of 1.5 arise.
  • the vibrations are altered to the order of 3 by increasing the pressure in the cylinders, from which no air is supplied to the exhaust system, that is to say in those cylinders through which a zero flow prevails from the inlet side to the exhaust side.
  • the sum of the torque pulses obtained from the pressure in the cylinders must not contain the order of 1.5.
  • the differences between the torque pulses from the deactivated and the active cylinders, respectively are reduced by reducing the compression pressure in the active cylinders, while the pressure in the deactivated cylinders is increased.
  • the magnitude of the cylinder pressure reduction required in the active cylinders becomes load-dependent, and is advantageously controlled in such a way that vibrations for idling load are compensated.
  • the torque pulses from the active cylinders are a function of the lever constituted by the crank rod, the crankshaft web of the crankshaft and the crankshaft angle, as well as the cylinder pressure.
  • the size of the lever is fixed by the geometry of the crank rod and the crankshaft web, and may not be impacted, which is why the cylinder pressure is used to optimise the torque pulses.
  • the area around 25 degrees before and after the piston's top dead centre is particularly important, since the combination of a high cylinder pressure and a lever results in high torque.
  • control device is arranged to control the internal combustion engine in such a way that the air mass sucked into the second, active cylinder decreases in relation to the air mass sucked into the first cylinder.
  • the magnitude of the cylinder pressure reduction required in those cylinders, in which a throughput of gases from the inlet side to the exhaust side occurs, is load dependent and advantageously controlled in such a way that vibrations for idling is prioritised.
  • the torque pulses from the cylinders are a function of the lever constituted by the crank rod, the crankshaft web of the crankshaft and the crankshaft angle, as well as the cylinder pressure.
  • the size of the lever is fixed by the geometry of the crank rod and the crankshaft web, and may not be impacted, which is why the cylinder pressure is used to optimise the torque pulses.
  • the area around 25 degrees before and after the piston's top dead centre is, as stated, particularly important, since the combination of a high cylinder pressure and lever results in high torque.
  • two inlet valves and two exhaust valves are arranged in each cylinder.
  • the application of the invention will be very effective, since the number of valves per cylinder impacts the flow of air through the cylinders, and their filling and emptying.
  • valve control means consist of camshafts, but it is possible to use other types of valve control means, for example hydraulic, pneumatic or electric valve control means.
  • the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine.
  • the cylinders, combustion chamber, pistons and valves may be adapted, at the same time as control of the valve times and a suitable geometry of the components interacting in the engine is provided, so that a functioning interaction between pistons and valves is achieved.
  • the objectives specified above are also achieved with a vehicle of the type mentioned above.
  • a vehicle with such an internal combustion engine will save fuel, avoid that cooling of the exhaust treatment system occurs, and ensure that vibrations are effectively equalized.
  • the comfort level for the individuals travelling in the vehicle improves, since the vibrations in the vehicle decrease.
  • the method entails that fuel is saved, cooling of the exhaust treatment system is avoided, and vibrations are effectively equalized.
  • two inlet valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder are controlled by the respective valve control means.
  • the application of the invention may be very efficient, since the number of valves per cylinder impacts the flow of air through the cylinders, and their filling and emptying.
  • the internal combustion engine is operated with diesel. Since an engine fuelled by diesel operates with compression ignition, the cylinders, combustion chamber, pistons and valves may be designed at the same time as control of the valve times and a suitable geometry of the components interacting in the engine is provided, so that a functioning interaction between pistons and valves is achieved.
  • the internal combustion engine comprises a crankshaft, preferably a number of cylinders where each one has a forwards and backwards moving piston assembled inside, and is connected to the crankshaft for movement forwards and backwards, as well as a number of inlet and exhaust valves of disc type, in order to allow inlet air to come into the cylinders and to allow exhausts to leave the cylinders.
  • the inlet and exhaust valves are each controlled and operated by a valve control means, which in turn is operated by the crankshaft.
  • a control device which controls the valve control means, and thus the opening and closing times of the valves.
  • the control device is preferably connected to a control unit, which controls the control device to a state adapted to the internal combustion engine's operating mode.
  • the control device also controls a fuel injection device, delivering fuel to the cylinders.
  • the inlet valves and the exhaust valves will be controlled in those cylinders, through which a zero flow from the inlet side to the exhaust side must prevail, so that no air is supplied to the exhaust system from these cylinders when the pistons move backwards and forwards in said cylinders.
  • the control device will control the fuel pump, so that it supplies a first fuel volume to those cylinders through which a zero flow from the inlet side to the exhaust side must prevail during the expansion stroke of said cylinders, and so that it ensures that a second fuel volume is supplied to those cylinders in which a throughput of gases from the inlet side to the exhaust side occurs during the expansion stroke of said cylinders.
  • the second fuel volume is greater than the first fuel volume, resulting in an effective vibration reduction in the internal combustion engine.
  • another volume allocation between the first and the second fuel volume is possible. For example, they may be of equal size, or the first fuel volume may be larger than the second fuel volume.
  • one of the first inlet valves is controlled to open at a bottom dead centre for the piston in the first cylinder, between an expansion stroke and an exhaust stroke, and to close at a top dead centre for the piston in the first cylinder, between the exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the second of the first inlet valves is controlled to open when one of the first inlet valves closes, and to close at the bottom dead centre, between the inlet stroke and a compression stroke, and the first exhaust valves are controlled in such a way that they remain closed during all the strokes of the engine.
  • one of the first exhaust valves is controlled to open at a bottom dead centre for the piston in the first cylinder, between an expansion stroke and an exhaust stroke, and to close at a top dead centre for the piston in the first cylinder, between the exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the second of the first exhaust valves is controlled to open when one of the first exhaust valves closes, and to close at the bottom dead centre, between the inlet stroke and a compression stroke, and the first inlet valves are controlled in such a way that they remain closed during all the strokes of the engine.
  • the internal combustion engine according to the invention preferably has separate valve control means for the inlet and exhaust valves.
  • the control device In one operating mode of the internal combustion engine, corresponding to normal load, the control device is controlled in such a way that the exhaust valves open at the bottom dead centre for completion of the expansion stroke, and so that they close at the top dead centre to begin the inlet stroke, and in such a way that the inlet valves open at the top dead centre when the inlet stroke begins, and close at the bottom dead centre when the compression stroke begins.
  • Fig. 1 shows a vehicle 1 in a schematic side view, which vehicle 1 is equipped with an internal combustion engine 2 according to the present invention.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 is preferably a diesel engine.
  • the vehicle 1 is also equipped with a gearbox 4 connected to an internal combustion engine 2, driving the driving wheels 6 of the vehicle 1 via the gearbox 4, and a propeller shaft 8.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a straight internal combustion engine 2 of four-stroke type.
  • the embodiment relates to a diesel engine fuelled by diesel fuel.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 comprises at least one first and one second cylinder C1, C4.
  • the internal combustion engine 2, according to the embodiment in Fig. 2 comprises six cylinders C1 - C6, arranged in a row, where one piston P1 - P6 is arranged in each cylinder C1 - C6 of the engine 2.
  • At least one first inlet valve 18 is arranged in the first cylinder C1, which first inlet valve 18 is connected to an inlet system 20.
  • At least one exhaust valve 24 arranged in the first cylinder C1, which first exhaust valve 24 is connected to an exhaust system 26.
  • At least one second inlet valve 19 is arranged in the second cylinder C4, which second inlet valve 19 is connected to the inlet system 20.
  • At least one second exhaust valve 25 is arranged in the second cylinder C4, which second exhaust valve 25 is connected to the exhaust system 26.
  • the inlet and exhaust valves are similarly arranged in the other cylinders C2, C3, C5, C6.
  • each inlet valve 18, 19 and two exhaust valves 24 are arranged in each cylinder C1 - C6, where each inlet valve 18, 19 is connected with the inlet system 20, and each exhaust valve 24, 25 is connected with the exhaust system 26.
  • a damper 23 may be arranged in the inlet system 20, which damper 23 may be set so that it limits the air supply to the cylinders C4 - C6 of the engine 2.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section view of the internal combustion engine 2 through the line II-II in Fig. 2 .
  • the piston P1 is connected via a crank rod 14 to a crankshaft 16, which at rotation moves the piston P1 forwards and backwards in the cylinder C1.
  • At least one first valve control means in the form of a first camshaft 22, is arranged to control the first and the second inlet valves 18, 19.
  • At least one second valve control means, in the form of a second camshaft 28 is arranged to control the first and the second exhaust valves 24, 25.
  • the valve control means consist of camshafts 22, 28, but it is possible to use other types of valve control means, for example hydraulic, pneumatic or electric valve control means.
  • the crankshaft 16 is arranged to control each camshaft 22, 28.
  • At least one control device 34 is arranged between the crankshaft 16 and each camshaft 22, 28, in order to control the first inlet valve 18 and the first exhaust valve 24, in such a way that no air is supplied to the exhaust system 26 from the first cylinder C1, when the first piston P1 moves backwards and forwards in the first cylinder C1. Accordingly, a zero flow through the first cylinder C1 may be created.
  • the control device 34 is also arranged to control the internal combustion engine 2 in such a way that the air mass sucked into the second cylinder C4 decreases in relation to the air mass sucked into the first cylinder C1.
  • the control device 34 is controlled in such a way that the exhaust valves 24, 25 open at the bottom dead centre BDC for completion of the expansion stroke, and so that they close at the top dead centre TDC to begin the inlet stroke, and in such a way that the inlet valves 18, 19 open at the top dead centre TDC when the inlet stroke begins, and close at the bottom dead centre when the compression stroke begins.
  • the two first 22 and two second camshafts 28 may be arranged in the internal combustion engine 2. This is advantageous if the engine 2 is of V-type.
  • a camshaft control 30 is arranged in the internal combustion engine 2 according to the present invention.
  • the crankshaft 16 controls each camshaft 22, 28 via a camshaft transmission 32.
  • At least one control device 34 is arranged between the crankshaft 16 and each camshaft 22, 28, so that the valves may be controlled to a state where the exhaust valves 18, 19, 24, 25 are controlled in such a way that no air is supplied to the exhaust system 26 when the pistons P1 - P3 move forwards and backwards in each of the cylinders C1 - C3.
  • a control device 34 is arranged for each camshaft 22, 28.
  • a control device 36 receives signals from a number of different sensors (not shown), such as absolute pressure in the inlet manifold, charge air temperature, mass airflow, throttle position, engine speed, engine load.
  • the control unit 36 impacts the control devices 34, which adjust the opening and closing times of the valves 18, 19, 24, 25 in relation to the crankshaft's 16 angular position.
  • a fuel pump 41 is connected to an injection device 43, arranged in each cylinder C1 - C6 for injection of fuel into the cylinder C1 - C6.
  • Fig. 4 a-d show graphs of torque as a function of the crankshaft angle in an internal combustion engine 2 with six cylinders C1 - C6.
  • the Y-axis represents the torque T from the cylinders C1 - C6.
  • the X-axis represents the crank angle state ⁇ of the crankshaft 16, and thus the movement of the piston P1.
  • Each positive torque pulse in Fig. 4a represents an expansion for each cylinder C1 - C6.
  • Each negative torque pulse represents the compression for each cylinder C1 - C6.
  • Fig. 4b three of the engine's six cylinders have been deactivated by no fuel being supplied to the cylinders C1 - C3, while the remaining three cylinders C4 -C6 are still activated and operate the engine's 2 crankshaft 16. All the valves in the three deactivated cylinders C1 - C3 are closed, and the cylinders C1 - C3 have successively been emptied of air.
  • Fig. 4c the vibrations have been reduced to some extent by control of the internal combustion engine 2, so that a zero flow of air is created over the deactivated cylinders C1 - C3, so that the air enclosed in the deactivated cylinders C1 - C3 will be compressed or expanded.
  • the order of 1.5 is reduced in favour of the order of 3.
  • Fig. 4c shows, however, that the positive torque pulse in the active cylinders C4 - C6 is higher than the positive torque pulse, which builds up in the deactivated cylinders C1 - C3.
  • This torque difference will cause vibrations in the engine 2, which become particularly disruptive when the engine 2 is operated at idling speed.
  • the vibrations are generated through lateral forces on the pistons P1 - P3 and the cylinder C1 - C3, and in the bearings for the crankshaft 16.
  • the inlet valves and the exhaust valves in those cylinders, through which a zero flow from the inlet side to the exhaust side prevails in such a way that no air is supplied to the exhaust system from said cylinders when the pistons move backwards and forwards in said cylinders
  • the fuel pump 41 is controlled to supply a first fuel volume to those cylinders through which a zero flow from the inlet side to the exhaust side must prevail during the expansion stroke of said cylinders, and also by ensuring that a second fuel volume is supplied to those cylinders, in which a throughput of gases from the inlet side to the exhaust side occurs during the expansion stroke of said cylinders
  • the pressure in the cylinders C1 - C3 will increase and be adapted to a pressure level, which substantially corresponds to the pressure in the cylinders C4 - C6, as illustrated by the graph in Fig. 4d . Accordingly, the vibrations will be effectively equalized.
  • the ratio between the first and the second fuel volume may vary, depending on the
  • the air mass sucked into the active cylinders C4 - C6 is reduced in relation to the air mass sucked into the deactivated cylinders C1 - C3.
  • the pressure in the cylinders C4 - C6 will decrease and be adapted to a pressure level, which substantially corresponds to the pressure in the cylinders C1 - C3, which entails additional equalization of the vibrations.
  • vibrations to the order of 1.5 arise.
  • the vibrations are reduced to the order of 3, by maintaining the compression and expansion pressure in the deactivated cylinders C1 - C3.
  • the inlet valves 19 in the active cylinders C4 - C6 are controlled to reduce the air volume sucked into the active cylinders C4 - C6. This is achieved through controlling the inlet valves 19 in the active cylinders C4-C6 to close before or after the time when the inlet valves 19 close at normal operation of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the graphs in Fig. 4 represent a internal combustion engine 2 of four-stroke type, which entails that the crankshaft 16, and therefore each piston P1, will have moved the equivalent of 720° when all four strokes have been completed.
  • Fig. 5 shows graphs of cylinder pressure as a function of the crankshaft angle of a internal combustion engine 2.
  • the Y-axis represents the pressure p in the cylinder C1 and in the cylinder C4.
  • the X-axis represents the crankshaft angle ⁇ of the crankshaft 16, and accordingly the piston's P1 position in the cylinder.
  • the graph A in Fig 5 shows how the pressure in the deactivated cylinder C1 varies with the crankshaft angle ⁇ of the crankshaft 16.
  • the graph B shows how the pressure in the active cylinder C4 varies with the crankshaft angle ⁇ of the crankshaft 16.
  • the graph C shows how air mass caught - and therefore the pressure - in the active cylinder C4 has been reduced, and varies with the crankshaft angle ⁇ of the crankshaft 16.
  • the additional pressure increase arising after the top dead centre TDC for the graphs B and C is attributable to the expansion at the combustion of fuel.
  • the pressure in all the cylinders C1 - C6 must be identical.
  • the inlet valves and the exhaust valves in the cylinders C1 -C3, through which a zero flow from the inlet side to the exhaust side prevails are controlled in such a way that no air is supplied to the exhaust system from said cylinders, when the pistons move backwards and forwards in these cylinders C1 - C3.
  • the fuel pump 41 is controlled to supply a first fuel volume to the cylinders C1 - C3 during the expansion stroke of these cylinders.
  • a second fuel volume is also supplied to the cylinders C4 - C6 during the expansion stroke of these cylinders.
  • the pressure in the cylinders C1 - C3 will increase, and be adapted to a pressure level that substantially corresponds to the pressure in the cylinders C4 - C6. Accordingly, the vibrations will be effectively equalized. If the first and the second fuel volumes are of equal size, there is a substantially complete elimination of the order of 1.5.
  • the graph C shows, as described above, how air mass caught - and therefore the pressure - in the active cylinder C4 has been reduced, and varies with the crankshaft angle ⁇ of the crankshaft 16.
  • the magnitude of the cylinder pressure reduction required in the active cylinders C4 - C6 becomes load-dependent, and is advantageously controlled in such a way that vibrations for idling load are prioritised.
  • the torque additions from the cylinders C1 - C6 are a function of the lever constituted by the crank rod 14, the crankshaft web of the crankshaft 16 and the crankshaft angle, as well as the cylinder pressure.
  • the second inlet valves are controlled to reduce the air volume sucked into the active cylinders C4 -C6. This is achieved through controlling the inlet valves 19 in the cylinders C4- C6 to close before or after the time when the inlet valves 19 close at normal operation of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the inlet valves 19 in the cylinders C4 - C6 are controlled to close in the interval corresponding to 10 crankshaft degrees before the bottom dead centre BDC to 40° after the bottom dead centre BDC, preferably 15 crankshaft degrees after the bottom dead centre BDC.
  • the inlet valves 19 in the cylinders C4 - C6 are controlled to close in the interval corresponding to 40° after the bottom dead centre BDC to 90° after the bottom dead centre BDC, preferably 60 crankshaft degrees after the bottom dead centre BDC.
  • the damper 23, arranged in the inlet system 20, is used.
  • the damper 23 limits the air supply to the active cylinders C4 - C6 of the engine 2, the air volume sucked into the active cylinders C4 - C6 will decrease.
  • the damper 23 may be used in combination with the control of the inlet valves 19 to the cylinders C4 - C6.
  • the inlet valves in the cylinders C1 - C3 are controlled to open during the exhaust stroke and the inlet stroke, while the exhaust valves in the cylinders C1 - C3 are controlled to a closed state during all the strokes.
  • the exhaust valves in the cylinders C1 - C3 are controlled to open during an exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the inlet valves in the cylinders C1 - C3 are controlled to a closed state during all the strokes. Therefore the resulting flow to the exhaust system 26 will be zero. Accordingly, the exhaust temperature increases drastically as does, consequently, the conversion degree in the exhaust purification. Since substantially no negative pressure develops in the cylinders C1 - C3, no oil pumping from the crankcase to the cylinders C1 - C3 takes place, which reduces the oil consumption.
  • the second fuel volume is larger than the first fuel volume.
  • the method also comprises the additional step: e) to reduce the air mass sucked into the second cylinder C4, in relation to the air mass sucked into the first cylinder C1.
  • step d) the second inlet valve 19 is preferably controlled to reduce the air volume sucked into the second cylinder C4.
  • the second inlet valve 19 is controlled to close before or after the point in time for closing the second inlet valve 19 at normal operation of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the second inlet valve 19 is controlled to close in the interval corresponding to 10 crankshaft degrees before the bottom dead centre BDC to 40° after the bottom dead centre BDC, preferably 15 crankshaft degrees after the bottom dead centre BDC.
  • the second inlet valve 19 is controlled to close in the interval corresponding to 40° after the bottom dead centre BDC to 90° after the bottom dead centre BDC, preferably 60 crankshaft degrees after the bottom dead centre BDC.
  • the first inlet valve 18 is controlled in step a) to open during an exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the first exhaust valve 24 is controlled to a closed state during all strokes.
  • the first exhaust valve 24 is controlled in step a) to open during an exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the first inlet valve 18 is controlled to a closed state during all strokes.
  • the fuel supplied in steps b) and c) is preferably diesel fuel.
  • the method also comprises the additional step: e) to control two inlet valves 18, 19 and two exhaust valves 24, 25 for each cylinder C1, C4 with the respective camshafts 22, 28.
  • one of the first inlet valves 18 is controlled in step e) to open at a bottom dead centre for the piston P1 in the first cylinder C1, between an expansion stroke and an exhaust stroke, and to close at a top dead centre for the piston P1 in the first cylinder C1, between the exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the second of the first inlet valves 18 is controlled to open when one of the first inlet valves 18 closes, and to close at the bottom dead centre BDC, between the inlet stroke and a compression stroke, and the first exhaust valves 24 are controlled in such a way that they remain closed during all the strokes of the engine 2.
  • one of the first exhaust valves 24 is controlled in step e) to open at a bottom dead centre BDC for the piston P1 in the first cylinder C1, between an expansion stroke and an exhaust stroke, and to close at a top dead centre TDC for the piston P1 in the first cylinder C1, between the exhaust stroke and an inlet stroke, while the second of the first exhaust valves 24 is controlled to open when one of the first exhaust valves 24 closes, and to close at the bottom dead centre BDC, between the inlet stroke and a compression stroke, and the first inlet valves 18 are controlled in such a way that they remain closed during all the strokes of the engine 2.
  • the method may comprise the additional step: f) to control the respective valves 18, 19, 24, 25 with two first and two second camshafts 22, 28.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Viertaktverbrennungsmotors, wobei der Verbrennungsmotor (2) aufweist
    - wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Zylinder (C1, C4),
    - einen in dem ersten Zylinder (C1) angeordneten ersten Kolben (P1),
    - einen in dem zweiten Zylinder (C4) angeordneten zweiten Kolben (P4),
    - zwei in dem ersten Zylinder (C1) angeordnete erste Einlassventile (18), wobei die ersten Einlassventile (18) mit einem Einlasssystem (20) verbunden sind,
    - zwei in dem ersten Zylinder (C1) angeordnete erste Auslassventile (24), wobei die ersten Auslassventile (24) mit einem Abgassystem (26) verbunden sind,
    - zwei in dem zweiten Zylinder (C4) angeordnete zweite Einlassventile (19), wobei die zweiten Einlassventile (19) mit dem Einlasssystem (20) verbunden sind,
    - zwei in dem zweiten Zylinder (C4) angeordnete zweite Auslassventile (25), wobei die zweiten Auslassventile (25) mit dem Abgassystem (26) verbunden sind,
    - wenigstens eine erste Ventilsteuereinrichtung (22), die die ersten und die zweiten Einlassventile (18, 19) steuert,
    - wenigstens eine zweite Ventilsteuereinrichtung (28), die die ersten und zweiten Auslassventile (24, 25) steuert, und
    - eine Kurbelwelle (16), die jede Ventilsteuereinrichtung (22, 28) steuert, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    a) Steuern des ersten Einlassventils (18) und des ersten Auslassventils (24) solchermaßen, dass keine Luft aus dem ersten Zylinder dem Abgassystem (26) zugeführt wird, wenn der erste Kolben (P1) sich in dem ersten Zylinder (C1) vor und zurück bewegt,
    b) Zuführen eines ersten Kraftstoffvolumens in den ersten Zylinder (C1) während des Expansionshubs des ersten Zylinders (C1),
    c) Zuführen eines zweiten Kraftstoffvolumens in den zweiten Zylinder (C4) während des Expansionshubs des zweiten Zylinders (C4),
    d) Verringern der in den zweiten Zylinder (C4) gesaugten Luftmasse bezüglich der in den ersten Zylinder (C1) gesaugten Luftmasse,
    gekennzeichnet durch, in einem Schritt e):
    - Steuern eines der ersten Einlassventile (18) zum Öffnen an einem unteren Totpunkt (BDC) für den ersten Kolben (P1) in dem ersten Zylinder (C1) zwischen einem Expansionshub und einem Ausstoßhub und zum Öffnen an einem oberen Totpunkt (TDC) für den Kolben (P1) in dem ersten Zylinder (C1) zwischen einem Ausstoßhub und einem Ansaughub,
    - Steuern des zweiten der ersten Einlassventile (18) zum Öffnen, wenn das eine der ersten Einlassventile (18) schließt, und zum Schließen am unteren Totpunkt (BDC) zwischen dem Ansaughub und einem Verdichtungshub, und
    - Steuern der ersten Auslassventile (24) solchermaßen, dass sie während aller Hübe des Motors (2) geschlossen bleiben.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Kraftstoffvolumen größer ist als das erste Kraftstoffvolumen.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Schritt d) das zweite Einlassventil (19) dazu gesteuert wird, die in den zweiten Zylinder (C4) gesaugte Luftmasse zu verringern.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Einlassventil (19) dazu gesteuert wird, vor oder nach der Zeit zu schließen, zu der das zweite Einlassventil (19) bei einem Normalbetrieb des Verbrennungsmotors (2) schließt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Einlassventil (19) dazu gesteuert wird, in dem Intervall entsprechend 10 Kurbelwinkelgrad vor dem unteren Totpunkt (BDC) bis 40° nach dem unteren Totpunkt (BDC) zu schließen.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Einlassventil (19) dazu gesteuert wird, in dem Intervall entsprechend 40° nach dem unteren Totpunkt (BDC) bis 90° nach dem unteren Totpunkt (BDC) zu schließen.
EP15758594.4A 2014-03-07 2015-02-26 Verfahren zur steuerung eines verbrennungsmotors Active EP3114340B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1450258A SE539424C2 (sv) 2014-03-07 2014-03-07 Förbränningsmotor, fordon som innefattar en sådan förbränningsmotor och förfarande för att styra en sådan förbränningsmotor
SE1450260 2014-03-07
PCT/SE2015/050215 WO2015133961A1 (en) 2014-03-07 2015-02-26 Internal combustion engine, vehicle comprising such an internal combustion engine and a method for controlling such an internal combustion engine

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EP3114340A1 EP3114340A1 (de) 2017-01-11
EP3114340A4 EP3114340A4 (de) 2018-01-03
EP3114340B1 true EP3114340B1 (de) 2022-07-06

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JP2005098291A (ja) * 2003-08-26 2005-04-14 Denso Corp 内燃機関の制御装置
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WO2015133961A1 (en) 2015-09-11
EP3114340A1 (de) 2017-01-11

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