EP3112767B1 - Apparatus for preparing hot sanitary water - Google Patents

Apparatus for preparing hot sanitary water Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3112767B1
EP3112767B1 EP16175086.4A EP16175086A EP3112767B1 EP 3112767 B1 EP3112767 B1 EP 3112767B1 EP 16175086 A EP16175086 A EP 16175086A EP 3112767 B1 EP3112767 B1 EP 3112767B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
circuit
main container
water
sanitary water
container
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EP16175086.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3112767A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Trela
Paul Bouteiller
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0026—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means
    • F24D17/0031—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means with accumulation of the heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a plant for the treatment of hot sanitary water.
  • Stratification in the tank for hot sanitary water is based on the variation in the density of water depending on its temperature.
  • the hot water is lighter than the cold water, so the cold water stays under the hot water unless the water is circulated.
  • the difference in density between the hot water and the cold water is not sufficient to prevent the water from mixing.
  • the tank In order to avoid mixing the cold water fed into the system with the hot water of the hot sanitary water tank, the tank is designed to have its own stratification of the water layers. This stratification can be disturbed by the mixed water that arrives during the withdrawals.
  • the stability of the stratification mainly depends on the flow rate of cold water injected, the height of the tank in relation to its diameter and the efficiency of the injection nozzle.
  • the EP 1450110 A2 discloses a hot water supply system comprising a hot water generator, a hot water tank, a controller and a solar battery, the controller controlling in such a way that the hot water generator is operated with the electrical power of the solar battery when the electrical energy of the solar battery is higher than a predetermined value.
  • the document discloses a plant according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 3 respectively.
  • the object of the invention is to facilitate the mixing of cold water and hot water and the disruption of the stratification of the layers in the tank Avoid hot sanitary water treatment for maximum efficiency of available heating energy.
  • the subject matter of the invention is a system for the treatment of hot sanitary water, which comprises the features of claim 1 and claim 3, respectively.
  • the three-way valve at the junction of the boiler supply line and the central heating circuit inlet is connected by a line to a three-way valve whose outlet is connected on the one hand to the heat exchanger of the main tank and on the other hand to the return line of the circuit upstream of the boiler.
  • the hot sanitary water treatment plant has the advantage of being able to use a transcritical heat pump, in particular a CO2 heat pump, in a particularly effective way for hot sanitary water treatment, in order to maximize the thermal energy for both small and large draw-offs use withdrawals.
  • the heat pump is a transcritical CO2 heat pump.
  • the large temperature variation of CO2 is taken advantage of when heating the water; the water is heated all at once, which is advantageous for this high-performance concept.
  • the main tank 1 has a large volume.
  • the hot sanitary water is taken from the high section 6 of the tank 1.
  • the auxiliary tank 2 is a tank of small volume with respect to that of the main tank 1. It is connected to the cold water supply tank 4 at the deep portion 21.
  • the main tank 1 and the auxiliary tank 2 are connected by a connecting pipe 3 which opens freely 31, 32 into the deep section 11 of the main tank 1 and into the high section 22 of the auxiliary tank 2.
  • the low portion 21 of the auxiliary tank 2 is connected to the high portion 12 of the main tank 1 through a feed line 51 of a branch circuit 5 .
  • the branch circuit 5 is equipped with a heat pump 6 with a circulation pump 61 connected to the tank 1 through a return line 52 of the branch circuit.
  • each of the tanks 1, 2 contains water with the lowest temperature and the high section 12, 22 water with the highest temperature of the respective container 1, 2.
  • the deep section 11 of the main tank 1 is equipped with a heat exchanger 13 connected to a boiler 7 through a circuit 8 with a supply line 82 and a return line 81 .
  • the circuit 13, 8, 7 is equipped with a circulation pump 83.
  • the various points of the installation are equipped with temperature sensors (T') feeding a control unit 100 that controls the operation of the installation.
  • the deep section 11 is equipped with a temperature sensor T11.
  • the high portion 22 of the auxiliary tank 2 is provided with a temperature sensor T22.
  • the heat pump is fitted with sensors T6a, T6b, as is the boiler 7 at the entrance T7a and at the exit T7b.
  • the temperature sensors are connected to the control unit 100, which receives the temperature signals STi and, as a function of them, controls the operation of the installation for the treatment of hot sanitary water through control signals SCi.
  • the temperature in the various sections of the plant depends on the hot sanitary water draw and on the flow rate of the draw or on the volume of hot sanitary water drawn.
  • the control circuit 9 controls the operation of the branch circuit 51 and that (8) of the boiler 7 feeding the exchanger 13 installed in the deep section 11 of the main tank 1.
  • the control unit 100 does not intervene to activate the branch circuit 5 via the heat pump 6 .
  • the cold water that arrives in the auxiliary tank 2 drops sharply in temperature.
  • This detected temperature (T22) is transmitted to the control unit 100, which reacts by activating the branch circuit 5 through the circulation pump 61, which draws the water at the base 21 of the auxiliary tank 2 to be reheated by the heat pump 6 and the heated water into to feed the upper portion 12 of the main container 1.
  • the pump 61 of the branch circuit 5 works in parallel with the connecting pipe 3.
  • the flow rate of the pump 61 is adjusted so that the outlet temperature of the hot water (T 6b ) is equal to the setpoint temperature of the hot sanitary water. This throughput has no relation to the throughput of the extraction.
  • the heat supplied by the heat pump 6 is not sufficient, i.e. if the hot water withdrawal is so great that the temperature T12 becomes cold, it can be supplemented by the boiler 7 and the exchanger 13 placed in the lower section 11 of the main tank 1 is installed.
  • the heat pump 6 is in particular a transcritical CO2 heat pump. It directly heats the water from its arrival temperature of the network 4 to the setpoint temperature for hot sanitary water.
  • the CO2 heat pump has its best performance for heating the water from the lowest temperature in the water network. The higher the temperature of the feed water, the lower the efficiency of this heat pump in order to reach the target temperature of the hot sanitary water.
  • the main tank 1 is designed to improve the heat pump 6 obtaining hot water after drawing small volumes of water (less than 15L).
  • the withdrawals of relatively small volumes are the most common (washing hands, washing dishes%) and they are expressed by feeding small amounts of cold water into tank 2.
  • a heat pump in particular a transcritical CO2 pump, it is more effective to heat cold water (temperature less than 30 °C) rather than lukewarm water (whose temperature is between 30 ° and 50 °) to heat.
  • the small draws are the most difficult to deal with as these mix easily with the hot water, creating lukewarm water in the container.
  • the hydraulic system with two tanks 1, 2 according to the invention avoids the mixing of cold water by small withdrawals of hot water in the system.
  • the heat pump 6 makes it possible to take cold feed water to heat it directly and efficiently to the target temperature of the hot sanitary water.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plant for the treatment of hot sanitary water according to claim 1, combined with a central heating plant CH supplied with hot water at the outlet of the boiler 7.
  • the CH central heating system is connected to the exchanger 13 by a branch 821 of the feed line 82 of circuit 8 of the boiler and by a three-way valve 822 by line 823 .
  • the main tank 1 forms both the withdrawal reserve of the hot sanitary water and the heating tank for the circuit 8 when it feeds the CH central heating system.
  • FIG 3 shows another variant of the system with the central heating CH from 2 . It also includes a branch 825 upstream of the exchanger 13 with a three-way valve 824 on the pipe 823 for diverting a fraction of the central heating circuit water directly at the inlet of the boiler 7 by short-circuiting the exchanger 13 and the main tank 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows another variant of the combined plant for the preparation of hot sanitary water and the central heating CH with a heat exchanger 9, which is connected to a branch 91 of the supply line 52 of the branch circuit 5 via the heat pump 6, with a return 92 and a three-way valve 93 on the return line 51 of the branch circuit 5.
  • the control of the three-way valve 93 makes it possible to partially or totally open the branch 91 via the exchanger 9 or to disconnect this branch in order to distribute the flow of hot water (heating fluid) in the supply line 52 of the heat pump 6 or not .
  • the exchanger 9 is also traversed by the return 826 of the CH heating circuit, which is connected to the return 81 of the circuit 8 upstream of the boiler 7 (pump 83) by a three-way valve 827 that regulates the flow of heating fluid (water) through the heating circuit CH on the one hand and on the other hand regulates the exchanger 13.

Description

Gebiet der Erfindungfield of invention

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser zum Gegenstand.The subject of the present invention is a plant for the treatment of hot sanitary water.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Schichtung im Behälter für heißes Sanitärwasser beruht auf der Variation der Dichte des Wassers in Abhängigkeit von seiner Temperatur. Das heiße Wasser ist leichter als das kalte Wasser, so dass das kalte Wasser unter dem heißen Wasser bleibt, wenn das Wasser nicht in Zirkulation versetzt wird. Im Fall einer Entnahme mit einem großen Durchsatz reicht die Differenz der Dichte zwischen dem heißen Wasser und dem kalten Wasser nicht aus, um zu vermeiden, dass sich das Wasser vermischt.Stratification in the tank for hot sanitary water is based on the variation in the density of water depending on its temperature. The hot water is lighter than the cold water, so the cold water stays under the hot water unless the water is circulated. In the case of a high-flow extraction, the difference in density between the hot water and the cold water is not sufficient to prevent the water from mixing.

Um zu vermeiden, dass das in das System eingespeiste kalte Wasser mit dem heißen Wasser des Behälters für heißes Sanitärwasser vermischt wird, ist der Behälter so entworfen, dass er seine eigene Schichtung der Wasserschichten aufweist. Diese Schichtung kann durch das Mischwasser gestört werden, das während der Entnahmen ankommt. Die Stabilität der Schichtung hängt hauptsächlich vom Durchsatz an eingespeistem kaltem Wasser, von der Höhe des Behälters in Bezug auf seinen Durchmesser und von der Wirksamkeit der Einspeisungsdüse ab.In order to avoid mixing the cold water fed into the system with the hot water of the hot sanitary water tank, the tank is designed to have its own stratification of the water layers. This stratification can be disturbed by the mixed water that arrives during the withdrawals. The stability of the stratification mainly depends on the flow rate of cold water injected, the height of the tank in relation to its diameter and the efficiency of the injection nozzle.

Die EP 1450110 A2 offenbart ein Heißwasserversorgungssystem umfassend einen Heißwassererzeuger, einen Heißwasserspeicher, eine Regelung und eine Solarbatterie, wobei die Regelung so regelt, dass der Heißwassererzeuger mit der elektrischen Leistung der Solarbatterie betrieben ist, wenn die elektrische Energie der Solarbatterie höher ist als ein vorgegebener Wert. Das Dokument offenbart eine Anlage gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 bzw. Anspruch 3.the EP 1450110 A2 discloses a hot water supply system comprising a hot water generator, a hot water tank, a controller and a solar battery, the controller controlling in such a way that the hot water generator is operated with the electrical power of the solar battery when the electrical energy of the solar battery is higher than a predetermined value. The document discloses a plant according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 3 respectively.

Aufgabe der Erfindungobject of the invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, das Mischen von kaltem Wasser und heißem Wasser und die Störung der Schichtung der Schichten im Behälter zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser für einen maximalen Wirkungsgrad der verfügbaren Heizenergie zu vermeiden.The object of the invention is to facilitate the mixing of cold water and hot water and the disruption of the stratification of the layers in the tank Avoid hot sanitary water treatment for maximum efficiency of available heating energy.

Darlegung und Vorteile der ErfindungStatement and advantages of the invention

Dazu hat die Erfindung eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser zum Gegenstand, die die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 bzw. von Anspruch 3 umfasst.To this end, the subject matter of the invention is a system for the treatment of hot sanitary water, which comprises the features of claim 1 and claim 3, respectively.

Gemäß einem vorteilhaften Merkmal ist das Dreiwegeventil an der Verbindungsstelle der Zuführungsleitung des Heizkessels und des Eingangs des Zentralheizkreises durch eine Leitung mit einem Dreiwegeventil verbunden, dessen Ausgang einerseits mit dem Wärmetauscher des Hauptbehälters und andererseits mit der Rückführungsleitung des Kreises vor dem Heizkessel verbunden ist.According to an advantageous feature, the three-way valve at the junction of the boiler supply line and the central heating circuit inlet is connected by a line to a three-way valve whose outlet is connected on the one hand to the heat exchanger of the main tank and on the other hand to the return line of the circuit upstream of the boiler.

Die Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser hat den Vorteil, dass sie eine transkritische Wärmepumpe, insbesondere eine CO2-Wärmepumpe, in besonders wirksamer Weise für die Aufbereitung des heißen Sanitärwassers verwenden kann, um die Wärmeenergie maximal sowohl für die kleinen Entnahmen als auch für die großen Entnahmen zu nutzen.The hot sanitary water treatment plant has the advantage of being able to use a transcritical heat pump, in particular a CO2 heat pump, in a particularly effective way for hot sanitary water treatment, in order to maximize the thermal energy for both small and large draw-offs use withdrawals.

Gemäß einem vorteilhaften Merkmal ist die Wärmepumpe eine transkritische CO2-Wärmepumpe. Somit wird von der großen Temperaturvariation von CO2 beim Heizen des Wassers profitiert; das Wasser wird auf einmal geheizt, was für dieses Hochleistungskonzept vorteilhaft ist.According to an advantageous characteristic, the heat pump is a transcritical CO2 heat pump. Thus, the large temperature variation of CO2 is taken advantage of when heating the water; the water is heated all at once, which is advantageous for this high-performance concept.

Zeichnungendrawings

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachstehend mit Hilfe eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser genauer beschrieben, das in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt ist, in denen:

  • Fig. 1 ein allgemeines Diagramm einer Anlage nach dem Stand der Technik zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser ist,
  • Fig. 2 ein Diagramm der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage in Kombination mit einer Heizanlage ist.
  • Fig. 3 ein Diagramm einer Variante der Anlage von Fig. 2 ist, die eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser und eine Zentralheizanlage kombiniert.
  • Fig. 4 ein Diagramm einer Variante des kombinierten Kreises der Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser mit einer Zentralheizanlage ist, die eine besonders wirksame Verwendung der Wärmepumpe für die direkte Zufuhr von Wärme zum Zentralheizkreis ermöglicht.
The present invention will be described in more detail below with the aid of an embodiment of a plant for the treatment of hot sanitary water, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • 1 Figure 12 is a general diagram of a prior art hot sanitary water treatment system,
  • 2 is a diagram of the system according to the invention in combination with a heating system.
  • 3 a diagram of a variant of the plant from 2 that combines a system for preparing hot sanitary water and a central heating system.
  • 4 Fig. 12 is a diagram of a variant of the combined circuit of the installation for the preparation of hot sanitary water with a central heating system, which allows a particularly efficient use of the heat pump for supplying heat directly to the central heating circuit.

Beschreibung der Ausführungsformen der ErfindungDescription of the embodiments of the invention

Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 fällt nicht unter den Schutzbereich der Ansprüche.The embodiment after 1 does not fall within the scope of the claims.

Gemäß Fig. 1 besteht eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser aus einem Hauptbehälter 1 und einem Hilfsbehälter 2. Der Hauptbehälter 1 weist ein großes Volumen auf. Das heiße Sanitärwasser wird am hohen Abschnitt 6 des Behälters 1 entnommen. Der Hilfsbehälter 2 ist ein Behälter mit geringem Volumen in Bezug auf jenes des Hauptbehälters 1. Er ist mit dem Behälter zur Versorgung mit kaltem Wasser 4 am tiefen Abschnitt 21 verbunden. Der Hauptbehälter 1 und der Hilfsbehälter 2 sind durch eine Verbindungsleitung 3 verbunden, die frei 31, 32 in den tiefen Abschnitt 11 des Hauptbehälters 1 und in den hohen Abschnitt 22 des Hilfsbehälters 2 mündet. Der tiefe Abschnitt 21 des Hilfsbehälters 2 ist durch eine Zuführungsleitung 51 eines Abzweigungskreises 5 mit dem hohen Abschnitt 12 des Hauptbehälters 1 verbunden.According to 1 there is a plant for the treatment of hot sanitary water from a main tank 1 and an auxiliary tank 2. The main tank 1 has a large volume. The hot sanitary water is taken from the high section 6 of the tank 1. The auxiliary tank 2 is a tank of small volume with respect to that of the main tank 1. It is connected to the cold water supply tank 4 at the deep portion 21. The main tank 1 and the auxiliary tank 2 are connected by a connecting pipe 3 which opens freely 31, 32 into the deep section 11 of the main tank 1 and into the high section 22 of the auxiliary tank 2. The low portion 21 of the auxiliary tank 2 is connected to the high portion 12 of the main tank 1 through a feed line 51 of a branch circuit 5 .

Der Abzweigungskreis 5 ist mit einer Wärmepumpe 6 mit einer Zirkulationspumpe 61, die mit dem Behälter 1 durch eine Rückführungsleitung 52 des Abzweigungskreises verbunden ist, ausgestattet.The branch circuit 5 is equipped with a heat pump 6 with a circulation pump 61 connected to the tank 1 through a return line 52 of the branch circuit.

Im Allgemeinen gibt es unter der Wirkung der Dichte des Wassers in Abhängigkeit von seiner Temperatur eine Schichtung von Wasserschichten mit verschiedenen Temperaturen im Hauptbehälter 1 und im Hilfsbehälter 2. Der tiefe Abschnitt 11, 21 von jedem der Behälter 1, 2 enthält Wasser mit der niedrigsten Temperatur und der hohe Abschnitt 12, 22 Wasser mit der höchsten Temperatur des jeweiligen Behälters 1, 2.In general, under the action of the density of water, depending on its temperature, there is a stratification of layers of water with different temperatures in the main tank 1 and in the auxiliary tank 2. The deep section 11, 21 of each of the tanks 1, 2 contains water with the lowest temperature and the high section 12, 22 water with the highest temperature of the respective container 1, 2.

Der tiefe Abschnitt 11 des Hauptbehälters 1 ist mit einem Wärmetauscher 13 ausgestattet, der mit einem Heizkessel 7 durch einen Kreis 8 mit einer Zuführungsleitung 82 und einer Rückführungsleitung 81 verbunden ist. Der Kreis 13, 8, 7 ist mit einer Zirkulationspumpe 83 ausgestattet. Die verschiedene Punkte der Anlage sind mit Temperaturfühlern (T') ausgestattet, die eine Steuereinheit 100 versorgen, die die Funktion der Anlage steuert.The deep section 11 of the main tank 1 is equipped with a heat exchanger 13 connected to a boiler 7 through a circuit 8 with a supply line 82 and a return line 81 . The circuit 13, 8, 7 is equipped with a circulation pump 83. The various points of the installation are equipped with temperature sensors (T') feeding a control unit 100 that controls the operation of the installation.

Der tiefe Abschnitt 11 ist mit einem Temperaturfühler T11 ausgestattet. Dasselbe gilt für seinen hohen Abschnitt 12 mit einem Kontrollabschnitt T12. Der hohe Abschnitt 22 des Hilfsbehälters 2 ist mit einem Temperaturfühler T22 versehen. Die Wärmepumpe ist mit Fühlern T6a, T6b versehen, ebenso wie der Heizkessel 7 am Eingang T7a und am Ausgang T7b. Die Temperaturfühler sind mit der Steuereinheit 100 verbunden, die die Temperatursignale STi empfängt und in Abhängigkeit von diesen die Funktion der Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser durch Steuersignale SCi steuert. Die Temperatur in den verschiedenen Abschnitten der Anlage (Hauptbehälter 1 und Hilfsbehälter 2) hängt von der Entnahme von heißem Sanitärwasser und von dem Durchsatz der Entnahme oder vom Volumen an entnommenem heißem Sanitärwasser ab.The deep section 11 is equipped with a temperature sensor T11. The same applies to its high section 12 with a control section T12. The high portion 22 of the auxiliary tank 2 is provided with a temperature sensor T22. The heat pump is fitted with sensors T6a, T6b, as is the boiler 7 at the entrance T7a and at the exit T7b. The temperature sensors are connected to the control unit 100, which receives the temperature signals STi and, as a function of them, controls the operation of the installation for the treatment of hot sanitary water through control signals SCi. The temperature in the various sections of the plant (main tank 1 and auxiliary tank 2) depends on the hot sanitary water draw and on the flow rate of the draw or on the volume of hot sanitary water drawn.

Der Steuerkreis 9 steuert die Funktion des Abzweigungskreises 51 und jene (8) des Heizkessels 7, der den Austauscher 13 speist, der im tiefen Abschnitt 11 des Hauptbehälters 1 installiert ist.The control circuit 9 controls the operation of the branch circuit 51 and that (8) of the boiler 7 feeding the exchanger 13 installed in the deep section 11 of the main tank 1.

Die Funktion der vorstehend beschriebenen Anlage ist wie folgt mit Unterscheidung der geringen Entnahme und einer großen Entnahme von heißem Sanitärwasser im Hauptbehälter 1 (Ausgang der Entnahme 10).The operation of the installation described above is as follows, distinguishing the small draw and a large draw of hot sanitary water in the main tank 1 (drawing outlet 10).

Im Fall einer geringen Entnahme kommt die Entnahme von heißem Sanitärwasser (Ausgang 10) im Einlauf von kaltem Wasser des Netzes 4 an der Basis 21 des Hilfsbehälters 2 zum Ausdruck; das entnommene Volumen von Wasser im Hauptbehälter 1 wird am tiefen Abschnitt 11 des Hauptbehälters ersetzt, wobei das heiße Wasser des Hilfsbehälters durch den Ausgang 31 der Leitung 3 ankommt.In the case of a small withdrawal, the withdrawal of hot sanitary water (outlet 10) is reflected in the cold water inlet of the network 4 at the base 21 of the auxiliary tank 2; the withdrawn volume of water in the main tank 1 is replaced at the deep section 11 of the main tank, the hot water of the auxiliary tank arriving through the outlet 31 of the pipe 3.

Der Temperaturfühler T22 des Hilfsbehälters 2 detektiert zwar eine Temperaturabsenkung des Wassers, aber wenn diese Absenkung höher bleibt als der feste Schwellenwert, da die Entnahme ein geringes Volumen aufweist, greift folglich die Steuereinheit 100 nicht ein, um den Abzweigungskreis 5 über die Wärmepumpe 6 zu aktivieren.Although the temperature probe T22 of the auxiliary tank 2 detects a drop in water temperature, if this drop remains higher than the fixed threshold, since the draw-off is of small volume, the control unit 100 does not intervene to activate the branch circuit 5 via the heat pump 6 .

Im Fall einer ziemlich großen Entnahme senkt das kalte Wasser, das im Hilfsbehälter 2 ankommt, stark seine Temperatur. Diese detektierte Temperatur (T22) wird zur Steuereinheit 100 übertragen, die durch Aktivieren des Abzweigungskreises 5 durch die Zirkulationspumpe 61 reagiert, die das Wasser an der Basis 21 des Hilfsbehälters 2 entnimmt, um es durch die Wärmepumpe 6 wieder zu heizen und das angewärmte Wasser in den oberen Abschnitt 12 des Hauptbehälters 1 einzuspeisen.In the case of a fairly large withdrawal, the cold water that arrives in the auxiliary tank 2 drops sharply in temperature. This detected temperature (T22) is transmitted to the control unit 100, which reacts by activating the branch circuit 5 through the circulation pump 61, which draws the water at the base 21 of the auxiliary tank 2 to be reheated by the heat pump 6 and the heated water into to feed the upper portion 12 of the main container 1.

Die Pumpe 61 des Abzweigungskreises 5 funktioniert parallel zur Verbindungsleitung 3. Der Durchsatz der Pumpe 61 wird angepasst, damit die Ausgangstemperatur des heißen Wassers (T6b) gleich der Solltemperatur des heißen Sanitärwassers ist. Dieser Durchsatz hat keine Beziehung zum Durchsatz der Entnahme.The pump 61 of the branch circuit 5 works in parallel with the connecting pipe 3. The flow rate of the pump 61 is adjusted so that the outlet temperature of the hot water (T 6b ) is equal to the setpoint temperature of the hot sanitary water. This throughput has no relation to the throughput of the extraction.

Wenn die durch die Wärmepumpe 6 gelieferte Wärme nicht ausreicht, das heißt wenn die Entnahme an heißem Wasser so groß ist, dass die Temperatur T12 kalt wird, kann die Ergänzung durch den Heizkessel 7 und den Austauscher 13, der im unteren Abschnitt 11 des Hauptbehälters 1 installiert ist, geliefert werden.If the heat supplied by the heat pump 6 is not sufficient, i.e. if the hot water withdrawal is so great that the temperature T12 becomes cold, it can be supplemented by the boiler 7 and the exchanger 13 placed in the lower section 11 of the main tank 1 is installed.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Wärmepumpe 6 insbesondere eine transkritische CO2-Wärmepumpe. Sie heizt direkt das Wasser von seiner Ankunftstemperatur des Netzes 4 bis auf die Solltemperatur für das heiße Sanitärwasser. Die CO2-Wärmepumpe hat ihre besten Leistungen zum Heizen des Wassers ab der niedrigsten Temperatur im Wassernetz. Je höher die Temperatur des Speisewassers wird, desto geringer ist der Wirkungsgrad dieser Wärmepumpe, um die Solltemperatur des heißen Sanitärwassers zu erreichen.According to a development of the invention, the heat pump 6 is in particular a transcritical CO2 heat pump. It directly heats the water from its arrival temperature of the network 4 to the setpoint temperature for hot sanitary water. The CO2 heat pump has its best performance for heating the water from the lowest temperature in the water network. The higher the temperature of the feed water, the lower the efficiency of this heat pump in order to reach the target temperature of the hot sanitary water.

Der Hauptbehälter 1 ist entworfen, um das Erhalten von heißem Wasser durch die Wärmepumpe 6 nach der Entnahme von kleinen Wasservolumina (geringer als 15 I) zu verbessern. Die Entnahmen von relativ geringen Volumina sind am häufigsten (Händewaschen, Geschirrwaschen ...) und sie kommen durch das Einspeisen von kleinen Mengen an kaltem Wasser in den Behälter 2 zum Ausdruck.The main tank 1 is designed to improve the heat pump 6 obtaining hot water after drawing small volumes of water (less than 15L). The withdrawals of relatively small volumes are the most common (washing hands, washing dishes...) and they are expressed by feeding small amounts of cold water into tank 2.

Es ist zweckmäßig zu bemerken, dass, um von den gesteigerten Eigenschaften einer Wärmepumpe, insbesondere einer transkritischen CO2-Pumpe, zu profitieren, es wirksamer ist, vielmehr das kalte Wasser (Temperatur geringer als 30 °C) zu heizen als das lauwarme Wasser (dessen Temperatur zwischen 30 ° und 50 ° liegt) zu heizen. Die kleinen Entnahmen sind am schwierigsten zu behandeln, da diese sich leicht mit dem heißen Wasser vermischen, was lauwarmes Wasser im Behälter erzeugt. Aber das hydraulische System mit zwei Behältern 1, 2 gemäß der Erfindung vermeidet die Mischung von kaltem Wasser durch kleine Entnahmen von heißem Wasser im System. Die Wärmepumpe 6 ermöglicht es, kaltes eingespeistes Wasser zu entnehmen, um es direkt und wirksam auf die Solltemperatur des heißen Sanitärwassers zu heizen.It is useful to note that in order to benefit from the enhanced properties of a heat pump, in particular a transcritical CO2 pump, it is more effective to heat cold water (temperature less than 30 °C) rather than lukewarm water (whose temperature is between 30 ° and 50 °) to heat. The small draws are the most difficult to deal with as these mix easily with the hot water, creating lukewarm water in the container. But the hydraulic system with two tanks 1, 2 according to the invention avoids the mixing of cold water by small withdrawals of hot water in the system. The heat pump 6 makes it possible to take cold feed water to heat it directly and efficiently to the target temperature of the hot sanitary water.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser gemäß Anspruch 1, die mit einer Zentralheizanlage CH kombiniert ist, die mit heißem Wasser am Ausgang des Heizkessels 7 versorgt wird. Die Zentralheizanlage CH ist durch eine Abzweigung 821 der Zuführungsleitung 82 des Kreises 8 des Heizkessels und durch ein Dreiwegeventil 822 mit dem Austauscher 13 durch die Leitung 823 verbunden. 2 shows a plant for the treatment of hot sanitary water according to claim 1, combined with a central heating plant CH supplied with hot water at the outlet of the boiler 7. The CH central heating system is connected to the exchanger 13 by a branch 821 of the feed line 82 of circuit 8 of the boiler and by a three-way valve 822 by line 823 .

Der Hauptbehälter 1 bildet sowohl die Entnahmereserve des heißen Sanitärwassers als auch den Wärmebehälter für den Kreis 8, wenn dieser die Zentralheizung CH speist.The main tank 1 forms both the withdrawal reserve of the hot sanitary water and the heating tank for the circuit 8 when it feeds the CH central heating system.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine andere Variante der Anlage mit der Zentralheizung CH von Fig. 2. Sie umfasst außerdem eine Abzweigung 825 vor dem Austauscher 13 mit einem Dreiwegeventil 824 in der Leitung 823 zum Abzweigen eines Bruchteils des Wassers des Zentralheizkreises direkt am Eingang des Heizkessels 7 durch Kurzschließen des Austauschers 13 und des Hauptbehälters 1. 3 shows another variant of the system with the central heating CH from 2 . It also includes a branch 825 upstream of the exchanger 13 with a three-way valve 824 on the pipe 823 for diverting a fraction of the central heating circuit water directly at the inlet of the boiler 7 by short-circuiting the exchanger 13 and the main tank 1.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine andere Variante der kombinierten Anlage zur Aufbereitung von heißem Sanitärwasser und der Zentralheizung CH mit einem Wärmetauscher 9, der mit einer Abzweigung 91 der Zuführungsleitung 52 des Abzweigungskreises 5 über die Wärmepumpe 6 verbunden ist, mit einer Rückführung 92 und einem Dreiwegeventil 93 an der Rückführungsleitung 51 des Abzweigungskreises 5. Die Steuerung des Dreiwegeventils 93 ermöglicht es, teilweise oder vollständig die Abzweigung 91 über den Austauscher 9 zu öffnen oder diese Abzweigung abzutrennen, um den Fluss von heißem Wasser (Heizfluid) in der Zuführungsleitung 52 der Wärmepumpe 6 zu verteilen oder nicht. 4 shows another variant of the combined plant for the preparation of hot sanitary water and the central heating CH with a heat exchanger 9, which is connected to a branch 91 of the supply line 52 of the branch circuit 5 via the heat pump 6, with a return 92 and a three-way valve 93 on the return line 51 of the branch circuit 5. The control of the three-way valve 93 makes it possible to partially or totally open the branch 91 via the exchanger 9 or to disconnect this branch in order to distribute the flow of hot water (heating fluid) in the supply line 52 of the heat pump 6 or not .

Der Austauscher 9 wird auch durch die Rückführung 826 des Heizkreises CH durchquert, die mit der Rückführung 81 des Kreises 8 vor dem Heizkessel 7 (Pumpe 83) durch ein Dreiwegeventil 827 verbunden ist, das den Durchsatz an Heizfluid (Wasser) durch einerseits den Heizkreis CH und andererseits den Austauscher 13 reguliert.The exchanger 9 is also traversed by the return 826 of the CH heating circuit, which is connected to the return 81 of the circuit 8 upstream of the boiler 7 (pump 83) by a three-way valve 827 that regulates the flow of heating fluid (water) through the heating circuit CH on the one hand and on the other hand regulates the exchanger 13.

Claims (4)

  1. Installation for preparing hot sanitary water, comprising the following:
    • a main container (1) for removal of hot sanitary water through an exit for hot sanitary water (10) at the high portion (12) of the main container (1),
    • an auxiliary container (2), having a small volume in relation to the volume of the main container (1), with an inflow for cold water (4) at the low portion (21) of the auxiliary container,
    • a connecting line (3), which opens out (31, 32) into the high portion (22) of the auxiliary container (2) and into the low portion (11) of the main container (1),
    • a branch circuit (5), which connects the low portion (21) of the auxiliary container (2) to the high portion (12) of the main container (1) and is equipped with a heat pump (6),
    • a group of temperature sensors (T...), which are connected to a control circuit (100), wherein the temperature sensors are fitted in the high portion (12) and the low portion (11) of the main container (1) and in the high portion (22) of the of the auxiliary container (2), wherein the control circuit (100) is connected to the heat pump (6) in order to activate the latter in a manner dependent on the temperatures supplied by the sensors, which temperatures, for their part, depend on the removal of hot sanitary water,
    characterized by a circuit (8) with a heating boiler (7) which is connected to an exchanger (13) installed in the low portion (11) of the main container (1),
    wherein the control circuit (100) is connected to the heating boiler (7) in order to activate the latter in a manner dependent on the temperatures supplied by the sensors,
    wherein the circuit (8) with the heating boiler (7) comprises a central-heating circuit (CH) at a branching point, which central-heating circuit is connected to a feed line (82) of the circuit (8) and, by way of a three-way valve (822), to a line (823) which is connected to the exchanger (13) of the main container (1), wherein the central-heating circuit (CH) branches off from the feed line (82).
  2. Installation for preparing hot sanitary water according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the three-way valve (822) at the connection point of the feed line (82) of the heating boiler (7) and an entry (821) of the central-heating circuit (CH) is connected by the line (823) to a three-way valve (824) whose exit is connected on the one hand to the heat exchanger (13) of the main container and on the other hand to a return line (825) of the circuit (8) before the heating boiler (7).
  3. Installation for preparing hot sanitary water, comprising the following:
    • a main container (1) for removal of hot sanitary water through an exit for hot sanitary water (10) at the high portion (12) of the main container (1),
    • an auxiliary container (2), having a small volume in relation to the volume of the main container (1), with an inflow for cold water (4) at the low portion (21) of the auxiliary container,
    • a connecting line (3), which opens out (31, 32) into the high portion (22) of the auxiliary container (2) and into the low portion (11) of the main container (1),
    • a branch circuit (5), which connects the low portion (21) of the auxiliary container (2) to the high portion (12) of the main container (1) and is equipped with a heat pump (6),
    • a group of temperature sensors (T...), which are connected to a control circuit (100), wherein the temperature sensors are fitted in the high portion (12) and the low portion (11) of the main container (1) and in the high portion (22) of the of the auxiliary container (2), wherein the control circuit (100) is connected to the heat pump (6) in order to activate the latter in a manner dependent on the temperatures supplied by the sensors, which temperatures, for their part, depend on the removal of hot sanitary water,
    characterized by a circuit (8) with a heating boiler (7) which is connected to an exchanger (13) installed in the low portion (11) of the main container (1),
    wherein the control circuit (100) is connected to the heating boiler (7) in order to activate the latter in a manner dependent on the temperatures supplied by the sensors,
    wherein the circuit (8) of the heating boiler (7) comprises a heating circuit (CH) at a branching point between a feed line (82) at the exit of the heating boiler (7) and a return line (81), the exit line (826) of which heating circuit is connected via a heat exchanger (9) to the return line (81) by way of a three-way valve (827) before the heating boiler (7), wherein said heat exchanger (9) additionally branches off from a feed line (52) of the branch circuit (5) by way of a branching point (91), wherein an exit of the heat exchanger (9) is connected by a line (92) to a return line (51) of the branch circuit (5) by way of a three-way valve (93) .
  4. Installation for preparing hot sanitary water according to Claim 1 or 3,
    characterized in that
    the heat pump (6) is a transcritical CO2 heat pump.
EP16175086.4A 2015-07-03 2016-06-17 Apparatus for preparing hot sanitary water Active EP3112767B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1556316A FR3038367B1 (en) 2015-07-03 2015-07-03 INSTALLATION OF HOT WATER PREPARATION

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3112767A1 EP3112767A1 (en) 2017-01-04
EP3112767B1 true EP3112767B1 (en) 2022-12-21

Family

ID=53801104

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16175086.4A Active EP3112767B1 (en) 2015-07-03 2016-06-17 Apparatus for preparing hot sanitary water

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3112767B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3038367B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003166749A (en) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-13 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Heat-pump hot water supply system
JP3918807B2 (en) * 2003-02-20 2007-05-23 株式会社デンソー Hot water storage type electric water heater
GB2458137B (en) * 2008-03-05 2012-04-11 Zenex Technologies Ltd Heating system
JP5636406B2 (en) * 2012-09-04 2014-12-03 リンナイ株式会社 Heating system

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Publication number Publication date
FR3038367A1 (en) 2017-01-06
EP3112767A1 (en) 2017-01-04
FR3038367B1 (en) 2019-08-09

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