EP3105008A1 - Apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness - Google Patents

Apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness

Info

Publication number
EP3105008A1
EP3105008A1 EP15710897.8A EP15710897A EP3105008A1 EP 3105008 A1 EP3105008 A1 EP 3105008A1 EP 15710897 A EP15710897 A EP 15710897A EP 3105008 A1 EP3105008 A1 EP 3105008A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working
worked
elements
working head
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15710897.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Willem Mirani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3105008A1 publication Critical patent/EP3105008A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/002—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor for travelling workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness.
  • the invention relates to the field of mechanical technologies and industrial production, in that it relates to the provision of an innovative machine and adapted tools, which are also innovative, for the single-sided or double-sided dry grinding of porcelain stoneware, of single-fired unglazed ceramic (known as "monoporosa”), of natural stone, of refractory material, of cementitious agglomerate and of tile for building construction.
  • monoporosa single-fired unglazed ceramic
  • Apparatuses are known and widely used for working elements in stone-like material, ceramic material or the like, which are constituted by lines that have a frame for supporting a feeding belt that moves along an advancement direction and supports the elements to be worked, which are typically plate-like.
  • the supporting frame has one or more working regions at which a series of bilateral working heads operate, the latter items being turned by motor means about a respective rotation axis.
  • the working heads are typically constituted by circular tools, which have a working portion provided with abrasive material that is intended, in rotation, to come into contact with a region to be worked defined on the elements to be worked being advanced on the feeding belt.
  • the grinding or squaring operations of a ceramic slab in porcelain stoneware or monoporosa, stone-like or vitreous material are generally divided into two types: according to the hardness of the material there is respectively a wet method and a dry method, the latter of which can be applied only to monoporosa since it is a material with low hardness.
  • the existing apparatuses make it possible to perform the working exclusively with the use of a great quantity of water, which is necessary both for cooling the tools and for keeping them clean from the dust that derives from the working activity.
  • the shape and the technical characteristics of the bilateral working heads can be varied as a function of the operations to be executed on the elements to be worked: in this regard, the working heads can execute operations of squaring, grinding, buffing, chamfering, engraving, etc..
  • the known apparatuses are typically fitted with a cooling device which is constituted, as previously mentioned, by a water supply line.
  • the supply line is fixed to the frame by way of supports and has ducts that lead into nozzles arranged at the bilateral working heads, in order to obtain both the cooling and the cleaning thereof.
  • the elements to be worked are moved on the feeding belt, along the advancement direction, at a speed, as a function of the individual cases and especially of the hardness of the materials, that ranges from a minimum of 7 meters per minute, to the maximum speed of approximately 20/22 meters per minute and, with reference to working heads having a diameter comprised between 180 mm and 300 mm, in the solutions generally employed, their rotation speed about their own axes is comprised between 2,800 rpm and 4,500 rpm.
  • the working heads used are constituted by a metallic supporting body, typically made of steel and disk-like in shape, which is provided with a work surface that carries the abrasive powder.
  • the work surface comprises a layer of mixed abrasive powders, blended with a metallic or, very often, resinoid binder substance.
  • the aim of the present invention is to eliminate, or at least to drastically reduce, the above mentioned drawbacks in apparatuses for working elements in stone-like material, ceramic material, vitreous material or the like, which operates completely dry with far lower production costs, and especially running costs, than the known solutions.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for completely dry working, which makes it possible to appreciably increase the productivity of production lines.
  • Another object of the invention is to devise a new technological method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation view of an apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like;
  • Figure 2 is a view from above of the apparatus in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device for generating compressed air;
  • Figure 4 is a cutaway perspective view of a particular embodiment of a working head
  • Figure 5 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the working head in
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus, generally designated with the reference numeral 1 , for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz- resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a supporting frame 2 that defines a resting surface 3 for the elements to be worked 10 and means of moving the elements to be worked 10 along an advancement direction 100.
  • the supporting frame 2 supports at least one bilateral or monolateral working head 4, which is turned by motor means 5, which are conveniently constituted by respective electric motors fitted with inverters in order to regulate the speed, about a respective rotation axis 101.
  • the working head 4 has at least one working portion 6, which is intended to make dry contact with a region to be worked 1 1 that is defined on the elements to be worked 10 that advance on the resting surface 3 at a working region 20.
  • dry is used to mean that the apparatus 1 has no cooling device that works by way of a liquid, and nor do the working heads 4, or the material to be worked.
  • the apparatus 1 is characterized in that:
  • the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute;
  • the monolateral or bilateral working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm;
  • the working head or heads 4 is/are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.
  • the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 15 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute.
  • the working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between 1 15 mm and 300 mm.
  • the working heads 4 are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 at a rate comprised between 6,500 rpm and 15,000 rpm. It has been ascertained, following the tests carried out, that the increase in the speed of advancement of the elements to be worked 10 and of the rotation speed of the working head 4 makes it possible to reduce, dry, the wear of the working portion 6 thus increasing, among other things, the productivity of the apparatus 1 overall.
  • the element to be worked 10 comprises a plate-like element.
  • the main types of working heads 4 that can be used on the apparatus 1 according to the invention are the following.
  • a first type of working head 4 comprises a metallic supporting body 4a, for example made of steel or aluminum, for supporting the working portion 6.
  • the working portion 6 has an abrasive element and is obtained, for example, by sintering abrasive powder with metallic binder (sintered grinder).
  • a second and preferable type of working head 4 has a metallic supporting body 4a, advantageously made of aluminum or alloys thereof, for supporting the working portion 6.
  • the working portion 6 comprises an abrasive powder that is associated stably with the metallic body 4a by way of a step of heating to a specific temperature, a step of pressing of determined power and a subsequent special cooling step.
  • the abrasive powder is selected from the group that comprises:
  • the method for providing the working heads 4 is of the type described in patent application no. VR2012A000097 by the same Applicant.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises, furthermore, means 30 of cooling the working heads 4.
  • the cooling means 30 comprise at least one duct 31 that is connected functionally to a device 32 for generating compressed air, which is in turn connected directly to the shaft of the motor means.
  • the device 32 can be constituted by a chamber within which can rotate a finned element 33 that defines, about its own rotation axis 103, sectors 33a, 33b, 33c of variable breadth so as to enable a compression of the air to be sent to the duct 31.
  • air can be supplied to the duct in output from another device 32 which is associated with another motor, or the device 32 can be inserted in series on the same shaft(s) of the motor means so as to obtain, in output, an adequate pressure level.
  • the device(s) 32 can be associated with the rotating shaft of one or more motors, both on one and on both of the sides of the apparatus 1.
  • the air thus produced can be sent directly, through one or more ducts 31 , toward the working region 1 1 of the working heads 4, or it can be stored in a tank in order to then be distributed directly, or if necessary through a pressure reduction device, to the working heads 4.
  • Such choice can be determined by the fact that, by increasing the number of the devices 32 that are used and/or by increasing the rpm of the motors, the production and the pressure of the air are increased appreciably and proportionally at the outlet point at the working region 20.
  • the duct 31 is made to lead out at the region of contact between the working portion 6 of the working head 4 and the region to be worked 1 1 which is defined on the elements to be worked 10.
  • the working heads 4 of the type described above tend not to overheat even at full operating speed and, thus, the flow of compressed air sent to the working region 1 1 is essentially in order to keep the abrasive surface substantially perfectly clean during operation.
  • the apparatus 1 is further provided with a device for aspirating the dust produced during its dry operation.
  • the working region 20 is in fact enclosed inside an enclosure, or working chamber, which is adapted to allow access in order to perform checking and/or maintenance operations.
  • the enclosure is designed to prevent the dispersion of the dust in the environment.
  • the dust in fact is sucked into adapted containers through tubes that have respective suction openings arranged inside the enclosure and/or at the protective housing of the working heads 4.
  • the dust recovered is then sent directly to firms whose task is to recover it and reuse it in the production process, since it does not contain residues of resinoid binders.
  • the working head 4 is selected from the group that comprises:
  • the present invention relates to a method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, which comprises:
  • the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute.
  • the working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm and are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.
  • the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 15 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute.
  • the working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between
  • the present invention relates to a working head 4 that comprises a metallic supporting body 4a, for example made of steel, for supporting the working portion 6.
  • the working portion 6 has an abrasive element and is obtained, for example, by sintering abrasive powder with metallic binder (sintered grinder).
  • the metallic body 4a is associated, at the other end with respect to the working portion 6, with a body 4b for fixing to the means of moving the working head 4.
  • the mutual fixing between the fixing body 4b and the metallic supporting body 4a is done by way of a plurality of threaded connection bodies 4f.
  • the fixing body 4b is made, advantageously, of a different metal or of a different metallic alloy to the one from which the metallic supporting body 4a is made.
  • the fixing body 4b is made of aluminum.
  • the isolation lamina 4c is made of copper or of copper alloy; however, there is no reason why the isolation lamina 4c cannot be made of polymeric material.
  • the isolation lamina 4c has a thickness comprised between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.
  • a gasket element 4e Interposed between the isolation lamina 4c and the fixing body 4b is a gasket element 4e.
  • the gasket element 4e comprises at least one O-ring.
  • the gasket element 4e can also be interposed between the isolation lamina 4c and the metallic supporting body 4a.
  • the working head 4 is thus produced, with associated elements, in order to eliminate any vibrations that cause an acoustic resonance that bothers the personnel overseeing the machine and other people besides, thus making the entire work environment more comfortable and safeguarding the health of people who work in the area.
  • the muds produced are classified as toxic waste owing to the presence of binders, especially resinoid binders, which come from inside the working portions 6 of the working heads 4;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus (1) for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, which comprises a supporting frame (2) that defines a resting surface (3) for the elements to be worked (10) and means for moving the elements to be worked (10) along an advancement direction (100), the supporting frame (2) supporting at least one working head (4), which is turned by motor means (5) about a respective rotation axis (101), which has at least one working portion (6) intended to make dry contact with a region to be worked (1 1 ) that is defined on the elements to be worked ( 10) that advance on the resting surface (3) at a working region (20), the apparatus (1) being characterized in that the elements to be worked (10) are moved, along the advancement direction (100) and at the working region (20), at an advancement rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute, in that the working heads (4) have a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm, and in that the working heads (4) are turned about the respective rotation axis (101) at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.

Description

APPARATUS FOR WORKING ELEMENTS MADE OF STONE-LIKE MATERIAL, CERAMIC MATERIAL, STONE-RESINOID AGGLOMERATE, GLASS AND/OR QUARTZ-RESINOID AGGLOMERATE AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF OR THE LIKE, EVEN WITH HIGH HARDNESS
The present invention relates to an apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness.
The invention relates to the field of mechanical technologies and industrial production, in that it relates to the provision of an innovative machine and adapted tools, which are also innovative, for the single-sided or double-sided dry grinding of porcelain stoneware, of single-fired unglazed ceramic (known as "monoporosa"), of natural stone, of refractory material, of cementitious agglomerate and of tile for building construction.
Specifically it is an apparatus that is capable of performing "dry" working on hard materials, such as porcelain stoneware in the ceramics sector and other materials, by adopting a cycle that is environmentally friendly and which for this reason is not found in the current state of the art.
It is further characterized by numerous and important functional and applicative novelties that are capable of surpassing the current technologies in terms of yield, efficiency, performance, further achieving total savings of cooling liquid and considerable savings of electricity necessary in the process.
Apparatuses are known and widely used for working elements in stone-like material, ceramic material or the like, which are constituted by lines that have a frame for supporting a feeding belt that moves along an advancement direction and supports the elements to be worked, which are typically plate-like.
The supporting frame has one or more working regions at which a series of bilateral working heads operate, the latter items being turned by motor means about a respective rotation axis.
The working heads are typically constituted by circular tools, which have a working portion provided with abrasive material that is intended, in rotation, to come into contact with a region to be worked defined on the elements to be worked being advanced on the feeding belt.
The grinding or squaring operations of a ceramic slab in porcelain stoneware or monoporosa, stone-like or vitreous material are generally divided into two types: according to the hardness of the material there is respectively a wet method and a dry method, the latter of which can be applied only to monoporosa since it is a material with low hardness.
The existing apparatuses make it possible to perform the working exclusively with the use of a great quantity of water, which is necessary both for cooling the tools and for keeping them clean from the dust that derives from the working activity.
The shape and the technical characteristics of the bilateral working heads can be varied as a function of the operations to be executed on the elements to be worked: in this regard, the working heads can execute operations of squaring, grinding, buffing, chamfering, engraving, etc..
Since the working heads tend to overheat considerably during their use, the known apparatuses are typically fitted with a cooling device which is constituted, as previously mentioned, by a water supply line.
The supply line is fixed to the frame by way of supports and has ducts that lead into nozzles arranged at the bilateral working heads, in order to obtain both the cooling and the cleaning thereof.
Usually, with the wet method, the elements to be worked are moved on the feeding belt, along the advancement direction, at a speed, as a function of the individual cases and especially of the hardness of the materials, that ranges from a minimum of 7 meters per minute, to the maximum speed of approximately 20/22 meters per minute and, with reference to working heads having a diameter comprised between 180 mm and 300 mm, in the solutions generally employed, their rotation speed about their own axes is comprised between 2,800 rpm and 4,500 rpm.
The working heads used are constituted by a metallic supporting body, typically made of steel and disk-like in shape, which is provided with a work surface that carries the abrasive powder.
The work surface comprises a layer of mixed abrasive powders, blended with a metallic or, very often, resinoid binder substance.
Such implementation solutions, although widely used, are not however devoid of drawbacks.
Firstly, the use of water to cool the working heads results in an early and pronounced wear of the work surface, of the apparatus overall and of every element that forms part of it.
For this reason in fact the existing machines are constituted by extremely expensive frames and components, which are made of stainless steel.
The use of water further makes it very difficult, expensive and almost impossible to apply computerized technologies for automation, for data collection and for automatic running of the machines.
Furthermore, it has been found necessary to perform expensive operations to purify and dispose of the cooling water and of the muds produced, which must be disposed of as toxic/hazardous waste in that it contains binder deriving from the wear of the tools.
It has further been found that the known apparatuses require considerable amounts of electric power, which is necessary first of all for the actuation of the bilateral working heads, and also of gas for the operation of the hothouse which is located at the end of the production line and is adapted to dry the plate-like elements, which must be dry for their packaging.
Furthermore, the advancement speed of the plate-like elements is rather slow, at the expense of the productivity of the apparatus and of the entire production line.
The aim of the present invention is to eliminate, or at least to drastically reduce, the above mentioned drawbacks in apparatuses for working elements in stone-like material, ceramic material, vitreous material or the like, which operates completely dry with far lower production costs, and especially running costs, than the known solutions.
Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for completely dry working, which makes it possible to appreciably increase the productivity of production lines.
Another object of the invention is to devise a new technological method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness.
This aim and these and other objects which will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by an apparatus and by a method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone- resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, according to the appended independent claims.
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the description of some preferred, but not exclusive, embodiments of an apparatus and of a method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, according to the invention, which are illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the following figures in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation view of an apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like;
Figure 2 is a view from above of the apparatus in Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device for generating compressed air;
Figure 4 is a cutaway perspective view of a particular embodiment of a working head; while
Figure 5 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the working head in
Figure 4.
The present invention relates to an apparatus, generally designated with the reference numeral 1 , for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz- resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness.
The apparatus 1 comprises a supporting frame 2 that defines a resting surface 3 for the elements to be worked 10 and means of moving the elements to be worked 10 along an advancement direction 100.
The supporting frame 2 supports at least one bilateral or monolateral working head 4, which is turned by motor means 5, which are conveniently constituted by respective electric motors fitted with inverters in order to regulate the speed, about a respective rotation axis 101.
The working head 4 has at least one working portion 6, which is intended to make dry contact with a region to be worked 1 1 that is defined on the elements to be worked 10 that advance on the resting surface 3 at a working region 20.
The term "dry" is used to mean that the apparatus 1 has no cooling device that works by way of a liquid, and nor do the working heads 4, or the material to be worked.
According to the present invention, the apparatus 1 is characterized in that:
- the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute; - the monolateral or bilateral working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm;
- the working head or heads 4 is/are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.
Advantageously, the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 15 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute.
Conveniently, the working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between 1 15 mm and 300 mm.
Preferably, the working heads 4 are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 at a rate comprised between 6,500 rpm and 15,000 rpm. It has been ascertained, following the tests carried out, that the increase in the speed of advancement of the elements to be worked 10 and of the rotation speed of the working head 4 makes it possible to reduce, dry, the wear of the working portion 6 thus increasing, among other things, the productivity of the apparatus 1 overall.
In such working conditions it has further been observed that the precision of the working increases exponentially.
Conveniently, the element to be worked 10 comprises a plate-like element.
The main types of working heads 4 that can be used on the apparatus 1 according to the invention are the following.
A first type of working head 4 comprises a metallic supporting body 4a, for example made of steel or aluminum, for supporting the working portion 6.
In this case the working portion 6 has an abrasive element and is obtained, for example, by sintering abrasive powder with metallic binder (sintered grinder).
A second and preferable type of working head 4 has a metallic supporting body 4a, advantageously made of aluminum or alloys thereof, for supporting the working portion 6.
In this case, the working portion 6 comprises an abrasive powder that is associated stably with the metallic body 4a by way of a step of heating to a specific temperature, a step of pressing of determined power and a subsequent special cooling step.
Advantageously, the abrasive powder is selected from the group that comprises:
- diamond powder;
- synthetic diamond powder;
- super-abrasive powder;
- fused tungsten, titanium, tantalum carbides (videa);
- zirconium;
or mixtures thereof.
The method for providing the working heads 4 is of the type described in patent application no. VR2012A000097 by the same Applicant.
The apparatus 1 comprises, furthermore, means 30 of cooling the working heads 4.
According to a particularly important aspect, the cooling means 30 comprise at least one duct 31 that is connected functionally to a device 32 for generating compressed air, which is in turn connected directly to the shaft of the motor means.
For example the device 32 can be constituted by a chamber within which can rotate a finned element 33 that defines, about its own rotation axis 103, sectors 33a, 33b, 33c of variable breadth so as to enable a compression of the air to be sent to the duct 31.
If it is found that a single device 32 does not make it possible to obtain pressure levels that are adequate for the purpose in certain types of working, air can be supplied to the duct in output from another device 32 which is associated with another motor, or the device 32 can be inserted in series on the same shaft(s) of the motor means so as to obtain, in output, an adequate pressure level.
The device(s) 32 can be associated with the rotating shaft of one or more motors, both on one and on both of the sides of the apparatus 1.
The air thus produced can be sent directly, through one or more ducts 31 , toward the working region 1 1 of the working heads 4, or it can be stored in a tank in order to then be distributed directly, or if necessary through a pressure reduction device, to the working heads 4.
Such choice can be determined by the fact that, by increasing the number of the devices 32 that are used and/or by increasing the rpm of the motors, the production and the pressure of the air are increased appreciably and proportionally at the outlet point at the working region 20.
The duct 31 is made to lead out at the region of contact between the working portion 6 of the working head 4 and the region to be worked 1 1 which is defined on the elements to be worked 10.
There is no reason why the apparatus 1 cannot be associated with a traditional air compressor in order to execute the cleaning and the cooling of the working heads 4.
Among other things it has been found that the working heads 4 of the type described above tend not to overheat even at full operating speed and, thus, the flow of compressed air sent to the working region 1 1 is essentially in order to keep the abrasive surface substantially perfectly clean during operation.
The apparatus 1 is further provided with a device for aspirating the dust produced during its dry operation.
The working region 20 is in fact enclosed inside an enclosure, or working chamber, which is adapted to allow access in order to perform checking and/or maintenance operations.
The enclosure is designed to prevent the dispersion of the dust in the environment.
The dust in fact is sucked into adapted containers through tubes that have respective suction openings arranged inside the enclosure and/or at the protective housing of the working heads 4.
The dust recovered is then sent directly to firms whose task is to recover it and reuse it in the production process, since it does not contain residues of resinoid binders.
By way of example, the working head 4 is selected from the group that comprises:
- a working head for a buffing machine;
- a working head for a chamfering machine;
- a working head for a grinding machine or squaring machine;
- a working head for a device for performing incisions;
and the like.
According to a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, which comprises:
- a step of feeding, along an advancement direction 100, at least one element to be worked 10 to a working region 20 that has at least one working head 4 that is turned by motor means 5 about a respective rotation axis 101 and is provided with at least one working portion 6 that is intended to make dry contact with a region to be worked 1 1 that is defined on the elements to be worked 10;
- a step of dry engagement of the working portion 6 of the working head 4 with the region to be worked 1 1 , which is defined on the elements to be worked 10.
The elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute.
The working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm and are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.
Advantageously, the elements to be worked 10 are moved, along the advancement direction 100 and at the working region 20, at a rate comprised between 15 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute.
The working head or heads 4 has/have a diameter comprised between
1 15 mm and 300 mm and are turned about the respective rotation axis 101 preferably at a rate comprised between 6,500 rpm and 15,000 rpm.
With particular reference to what is shown in Figures 4 and 5, according to a further aspect, the present invention relates to a working head 4 that comprises a metallic supporting body 4a, for example made of steel, for supporting the working portion 6.
In this case the working portion 6 has an abrasive element and is obtained, for example, by sintering abrasive powder with metallic binder (sintered grinder).
The metallic body 4a is associated, at the other end with respect to the working portion 6, with a body 4b for fixing to the means of moving the working head 4.
Advantageously, the mutual fixing between the fixing body 4b and the metallic supporting body 4a is done by way of a plurality of threaded connection bodies 4f.
The fixing body 4b is made, advantageously, of a different metal or of a different metallic alloy to the one from which the metallic supporting body 4a is made.
Conveniently, the fixing body 4b is made of aluminum.
Preferably, there is at least one isolation lamina 4c interposed between the metallic supporting body 4a and the fixing body 4b.
Conveniently, the isolation lamina 4c is made of copper or of copper alloy; however, there is no reason why the isolation lamina 4c cannot be made of polymeric material.
Advantageously, the isolation lamina 4c has a thickness comprised between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.
Interposed between the isolation lamina 4c and the fixing body 4b is a gasket element 4e.
There can likewise be a gasket element 4e interposed between the fixing body 4b and the metallic supporting body 4a.
Preferably, the gasket element 4e comprises at least one O-ring.
The gasket element 4e can also be interposed between the isolation lamina 4c and the metallic supporting body 4a.
The working head 4 is thus produced, with associated elements, in order to eliminate any vibrations that cause an acoustic resonance that bothers the personnel overseeing the machine and other people besides, thus making the entire work environment more comfortable and safeguarding the health of people who work in the area.
All the characteristics of the invention, indicated above as advantageous, convenient or similar, may also be missing or be substituted by equivalent characteristics.
The individual characteristics set out in reference to general teachings or to specific embodiments may all be present in other embodiments or may substitute characteristics in such embodiments.
In practice it has been found that in all the embodiments the invention has achieved the intended aim and objects.
In this regard, it should be noted that the completely dry method of working, instead of being water-cooled, brings the following advantages:
- complete elimination of the muds with the corresponding duties and costs for their disposal: the muds produced, in fact, are classified as toxic waste owing to the presence of binders, especially resinoid binders, which come from inside the working portions 6 of the working heads 4;
- among other things, current regulations provide for financial incentives, in some cases for considerable sums, for companies that are able to eliminate the muds resulting from production; - savings of water to cool the working heads 4;
- savings of gas, since it is no longer necessary to provide a hothouse at the end of the production line, since the plate-like elements 10 exit from the working region 20 already dry and ready for packaging;
- savings in terms of maintenance and periodic replacement of the mechanical parts that form the apparatus 1 in that these will no longer be subjected to the corrosive action of water and of the dust (including resin dust) mixed in with it;
- clear improvement of the safety and healthfulness of the work environment;
- reduction in the power of the electric motors, linked to the better cutting performance of the new tool/super-rotation technology;
- considerable savings of electricity thanks to the use of latest- generation electric motors or motors with inverters for moving the working heads 4;
- savings of electricity and compressors for the production of air, in that the devices 31 for generating compressed air are connected directly to the shaft of the motor means 5;
- drastic reduction of costs of machine maintenance and also of the parts subject to wear;
- elimination of tools made of resin and elimination of the source of pollution associated with their production and disposal;
- reduction of the use of tools with metallic binder, which will be substituted by those in Mirani patent application no. VR2012A000097 which are free from binders, with elimination at source of the consumption of very expensive and highly polluting metals;
- possibility of applying automation systems to the benefit of operating flexibility and operator safety;
- increase of the productivity of the individual line;
- reduction of the length encumbrances of the production lines, in that the drying systems are eliminated;
- production of dust that is easily recoverable and fully recyclable in the same production cycle.
In practice the materials employed, provided they are compatible with the specific use, and the dimensions and shapes, may be any according to requirements.
Moreover, all the details may be substituted by other, technically equivalent elements.
The disclosures in Italian Patent Application No. VR2014A000030 from which this application claims priority are incorporated herein by reference.
Where the technical features mentioned in any claim are followed by reference numerals and/or signs, those reference numerals and/or signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly, such reference numerals and/or signs do not have any limiting effect on the interpretation of each element identified by way of example by such reference numerals and/or signs.

Claims

1 . An apparatus (1) for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, which comprises a supporting frame (2) that defines a resting surface (3) for said elements to be worked (10) and means for moving said elements to be worked (10) along an advancement direction (100), said supporting frame (2) supporting at least one working head (4), which is turned by motor means (5) about a respective rotation axis (101), which has at least one working portion (6) intended to make dry contact with a region to be worked (1 1 ) that is defined on the elements to be worked (10) that advance on said resting surface (3) at a working region (20), said apparatus (1) being characterized in that said elements to be worked (10) are moved, along said advancement direction (100) and at said working region (20), at an advancement rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute, in that said at least one working head (4) has a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm, and in that said at least one working head (4) is turned about the respective rotation axis (101) at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.
2. The apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said elements to be worked (10) are moved, along said advancement direction ( 100) and at said working region (20), at an advancement rate comprised between 15 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute, in that said at least one working head (4) has a diameter comprised between 1 15 mm and 300 mm, and in that said at least one working head (4) is turned about the respective rotation axis ( 101) at a rate comprised preferably between 6,500 rpm and 15,000 rpm.
3. The apparatus (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said element to be worked (10) comprises a plate-like element.
4. The apparatus ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said working head (4) comprises:
- a metallic supporting body (4a) for said working portion (6), which comprises an abrasive element obtained by sintering abrasive powder with metallic binder; or
- a metallic supporting body (4a) for said working portion (6), which comprises an abrasive powder that is associated stably with said metallic supporting body by way of a heating step, a pressing step and a cooling step.
5. The apparatus (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means (30) for cooling said working heads
(4), said cooling means (30) comprising at least one duct (31) that is connected functionally to a device (32) for generating compressed air, said device being connected directly to the shaft of said motor means (5), said duct (31) being intended to lead out at the region of contact between the working portion (6) of the working head (4) and the region to be worked ( 1 1).
6. The apparatus (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that said at least one working head (4) is selected from the group that comprises:
- a working head for a buffing machine;
- a working head for a chamfering machine;
- a working head for a grinding machine or squaring machine;
- a working head for a device for performing incisions;
and the like.
7. The apparatus ( 1 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one device for aspirating the dust produced during its dry operation.
8. A method for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness, which comprises:
- a step of feeding, along an advancement direction ( 100), at least one element to be worked (10) to a working region (20) that has at least one working head (4) that is turned by motor means (5) about a respective rotation axis (101 ) and is provided with at least one working portion (6) that is intended to make dry contact with a region to be worked (1 1) that is defined on the elements to be worked (10);
- a step of dry engagement of said working portion (6) of said working head (4) with said region to be worked (1 1), which is defined on said elements to be worked (10);
- said elements to be worked (10) being moved, along said advancement direction (100) and at said working region (20), at a rate comprised between 10 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute;
- said at least one working head (4) having a diameter comprised between 1 10 mm and 350 mm;
- said at least one working head (4) being turned about the respective rotation axis ( 101) at a rate comprised between 5,000 rpm and 20,000 rpm.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
- said elements to be worked (10) are moved, along said advancement direction ( 100) and at said working region (20), at a rate comprised between
15 meters/minute and 40 meters/minute;
- said at least one working head (4) has a diameter comprised between 1 15 mm and 300 mm;
- said at least one working head (4) is turned about the respective rotation axis (101 ) at a rate comprised preferably between 6,500 rpm and
15,000 rpm.
10. The method according to one or more of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that said working head (4) comprises:
- a metallic supporting body (4a) for said working portion (6), which comprises an abrasive element obtained by sintering abrasive powder with metallic binder; or
- a metallic supporting body (4a) for said working portion (6), which comprises an abrasive powder associated stably with said metallic supporting body by way of a heating step, a pressing step and a cooling step.
1 1. The method according to one or more of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that said apparatus (1) comprises at least one device for aspirating the dust produced during its dry operation.
EP15710897.8A 2014-02-07 2015-02-06 Apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness Withdrawn EP3105008A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ITVR20140030 2014-02-07
PCT/IB2015/050905 WO2015118490A1 (en) 2014-02-07 2015-02-06 Apparatus for working elements made of stone-like material, ceramic material, stone-resinoid agglomerate, glass and/or quartz-resinoid agglomerate and derivatives thereof or the like, even with high hardness

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ITUB20160609A1 (en) * 2016-02-10 2017-08-10 Bmr S P A Gia B M R S P A MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISH OF MANUFACTURES
ITUA20164621A1 (en) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-23 Ancora Spa PLANT AND METHOD OF CALIBRATION AND / OR SQUARING OF SQUARABLE ELEMENTS, SUCH AS CERAMIC ARTICLES OR NATURAL AND SIMILAR STONES
IT201800006214A1 (en) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-11 MACHINE AND ANTIQUE LINE OF SHEETS OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
CN110842689B (en) * 2019-11-14 2021-07-06 上海天工石材有限公司 Stone plate polishing system
CN113414660B (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-11-19 江苏德励达新材料股份有限公司 Special-shaped plate edge trimmer

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US3633322A (en) * 1968-12-13 1972-01-11 Monsanto Co Method for treating the flanges of containers
ITTO20021010A1 (en) * 2002-11-20 2004-05-21 Biesse Spa METHOD FOR THE CONTROL OF THE OPERATIONAL POSITION OF A WHEEL USED ON A MACHINE FOR THE PROCESSING OF EDGES OF GLASS, MARBLE AND SIMILAR STONE MATERIALS, AND MACHINE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS METHOD
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