EP3102475A1 - Replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP3102475A1
EP3102475A1 EP15715176.2A EP15715176A EP3102475A1 EP 3102475 A1 EP3102475 A1 EP 3102475A1 EP 15715176 A EP15715176 A EP 15715176A EP 3102475 A1 EP3102475 A1 EP 3102475A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
computer
channel
defective
channels
replacement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15715176.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3102475B1 (en
Inventor
Martin Lottermoser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3102475A1 publication Critical patent/EP3102475A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3102475B1 publication Critical patent/EP3102475B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0063—Multiple on-board control systems, e.g. "2 out of 3"-systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/30—Trackside multiple control systems, e.g. switch-over between different systems
    • B61L27/33—Backup systems, e.g. switching when failures occur
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
    • B61L15/0036—Conductor-based, e.g. using CAN-Bus, train-line or optical fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/30—Trackside multiple control systems, e.g. switch-over between different systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for providing a replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle, a corresponding device and a corresponding rail vehicle.
  • multi-channel computer cores also referred to as computers
  • monitoring involves an exchange of synchronization information as well as a comparison of output data.
  • the computer channels operate synchronously, so that a deviation between computer channels or between the provided by the computer channels results, can be determined.
  • 2-of-3 system also referred to as 2v3 system
  • three computer channels are used, so that a failure of a single computer channel can be tolerated: it can be determined by means of a majority decision regarding the results provided by the computer channels, which the three computer channels is defective.
  • the two remaining computer channels which still provide the same results, then still represent a redundant functional system that meets the safety requirements specified in railway technology.
  • the operation of a rail vehicle can be continued with two out of three functioning computer channels.
  • 2-of-2 system also referred to as 2v2 system
  • 2v2 systems are less expensive than 2v3 systems, but if one of the two computer channels fails, manual on-site intervention is required, for example by maintenance personnel. In particular, it may be necessary to replace the failed computer channel or the computer with both computer channels. Until the intervention of the vehicle computer and thus the rail vehicle can be used only to a limited extent (for example, at a greatly reduced speed), which can lead to significant operational restrictions.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the abovementioned disadvantages and in particular to provide an efficient solution for flexibly providing a redundant resource for a computer of a rail vehicle.
  • a method for providing a replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle
  • two computer channels of a computer is defective, - in which for the defective computer channel the replacement resource is provided via a communication link.
  • the replacement resource can be both hardware and software.
  • a combination of hardware and software is possible.
  • An advantage of the solution presented here is that the availability of, for example, a 2v2 system can be raised to the level of a 2v3 system without requiring each system (eg, each computer) a third computer channel. This reduces effort and costs for each computer.
  • a rail vehicle (also referred to as a "train”) has at least one car, wherein the car may be a traction vehicle, a travel car, a freight car or a combination of such compartments or functions.
  • the traction vehicle has a driver's cab (also referred to as operator station) and can be designed with or without drive.
  • the traction vehicle may in particular be a locomotive. In particular, it may be at the
  • Rail vehicle around a Metro Eisenbahn (for example S- or U-Bahn) act, at least partially underground in tunnels.
  • the rail vehicle may be a vehicle driver or a driverless rail vehicle.
  • the traction unit may have an emergency operating console, which is arranged, for example, in the passenger compartment behind a closable flap.
  • the replacement resource is a replacement computer channel that is connected to the computer via a network.
  • the network may be an Ethernet.
  • a communication connection is used, which enables fast and secure data transmission.
  • the replacement resource is a computing resource in a computer or a computer channel that is connected to the computer via a network.
  • the replacement resource is a resource in another computer of the
  • Rail vehicle is. It is also a development that the communication link has a wired and / or wireless connection.
  • the at least two computer channels transmit at least part of their memory contents to a control computer
  • Memory contents determines which of the computer channels is defective.
  • control computer causes a reset of the at least one computer channel, so that the computer channel performs so-called switch-on.
  • the old memory content e.g., previously communicated to the control computer
  • control computer makes contact between the spare resource and the non-defective computer channel.
  • a still active or remaining computer channel can continue to be used if it passes the test.
  • control computer could send a command to the at least one computer channel and check the response delivered by the at least one computer channel.
  • the command may be, for example, the request to perform an operation, e.g. an arithmetic operation, act. On the basis of this check, the control computer can determine which computer channel is defective and which computer channel is still functional.
  • the mechanism employed here may be e.g. depend on a given level of security, i. a probability of a safety-threatening misconduct.
  • control computer is executed externally to the computer.
  • control computer is not part of the rail vehicle.
  • control computer can also be located in the rail vehicle.
  • control computer has the replacement resource.
  • the replacement resource is implemented separately from the rail vehicle and separately from the control computer, wherein the replacement resource has a communication connection to the control computer.
  • the replacement resource can have a direct communication connection to the control computer or, for example, be coupled to the control computer via the network.
  • the replacement resource can be provided via the communication link.
  • a further development consists in that the replacement resource is arranged in the rail vehicle or separately from the rail vehicle.
  • the processing unit is designed separately from the rail vehicle, wherein the Connection to the processing unit comprises a wired and / or wireless connection.
  • the processing unit mentioned here may in particular be embodied as a processor unit and / or an at least partially hard-wired or logical circuit arrangement, which is set up, for example, in such a way that the method can be carried out as described herein.
  • Said processing unit may be or include any type of processor or computer or computer with correspondingly necessary peripherals (memory, input / output interfaces, input / output devices, etc.).
  • the processing unit may be part of a control unit of the rail vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram with two computers, each of which represents a 2v2 system and can be arranged in a rail vehicle, wherein in the event of a failure of one of the computer channels of the computer, a replacement computer channel or a corresponding resource is provided by a control computer ;
  • Fig. 2 is an exemplary flowchart illustrating the use of another computer channel which is connected via the communication link.
  • a failed computer channel with a computer channel (referred to here as a replacement channel).
  • Computer channel at least partially (in particular completely) to replace, the failed computer channel and the replacement computer channel are connected to each other via a communication link.
  • the replacement computer channel can be a resource which can be provided in hardware and / or software and which can be connected or attached via the communication connection.
  • the failed computer channel can be part of a computer with multiple computer channels.
  • the computer is a computer that is used in a web component, e.g. used in a rail vehicle.
  • the failed computer channel can be one of several computer channels of a computer, wherein the plurality of computer channels are designed to be redundant.
  • the redundant computer channels may operate synchronously, and the results provided synchronously by the computer channels may be e.g. be checked at predetermined times. It is also possible that different computer channels perform similar or identical operations, which should each produce the same results. As soon as a deviation is found in the results, at least one of the computer channels can be deduced.
  • the spare computer channel may be part of another computer, for example, the other computer is connected to the computer in which the failed computer channel is implemented via the communication link.
  • the communication connection can be, for example, an Ethernet connection or include such.
  • the communication connection can be wired and / or wireless. Also combinations of a wired and a wireless connection as a communication connection are possible.
  • the approach is particularly advantageous if a multiplicity of identical or almost identical computer channels are present in different computers, which are interconnected, for example, via a network. The failure of a computer channel in a computer can thus be compensated via a computer channel of another computer (ie the spare computer channel) to which the communication link exists.
  • the replacement computer channel it is possible for the replacement computer channel to take over all or part of the functions of the failed computer channel. Also, it is an option that such a spare computer channel be used for a predetermined period of time (e.g., temporarily), for example, until the defective hardware can be replaced.
  • the spare computer channel can be held by a computer on the network.
  • a computer may provide one or more computer channels for potential failures.
  • a replacement computer channel may be implemented in hardware and / or software.
  • the spare computer channel it is possible for the spare computer channel to provide resources on a hardware unit that partially or completely takes over the function of the failed computer channel. Such a resource can also be kept in the form of software.
  • the spare computer channel is preferably supplied with necessary data (eg RAM contents) before it can take over the function of the failed computer channel.
  • necessary data eg RAM contents
  • the same or similar mechanisms can be used as in the addition of a third computer channel to two already running computer channels.
  • a defective computer channel may be determined in a 2v2 system using the replacement computer channel and / or a separately executed control computer.
  • the replacement computer channel and / or the control computer evaluates information provided by the two computer channels of the 2v2 system and, as a result, determines which of the two computer channels of the 2v2 system is defective.
  • a central office can be provided, with which a communication connection exists (at least temporarily).
  • This assessment may be performed by a replacement computer channel or by the central office (eg in the form of the control computer).
  • the control computer can, for example, assess the functionality of the computer channels of the 2v2 system and, as a result, initialize the replacement computer channel.
  • the control computer and the replacement computer channel can be implemented on a common hardware or on a distributed hardware. Such distributed hardware may also be coupled via a communication link, eg via a network. Also, the computer channel found to be defective could be switched off by the control computer or switched inactive.
  • control computer could be designed by the standards of railway technology as safe.
  • the communication connection is also preferably made using a secure communication protocol, e.g. a protocol (such as UDP, IP or Ethernet) that complies with the EN 50159 standard.
  • a protocol such as UDP, IP or Ethernet
  • Fig.l shows a schematic diagram with two computers 101 and 102, each representing a 2v2 system and can be arranged in a rail vehicle.
  • the computers 101 and 102 may be arranged in different cars of the same rail vehicle.
  • Each of the computers 101 and 102 has here by way of example two computer channels.
  • the computers 101 and 102 are interconnected via a network 103 as an exemplary communication link.
  • a control computer 104 is connected, which optionally has a replacement computer channel 105.
  • the control computer 104 can determine which of the two computer channels is defective and for this purpose provide the replacement computer channel 105.
  • the spare computer channel 105 may be part of the control computer 104.
  • the spare computer channel 105 may be executable separate hardware of the control computer 104 or on the hardware of the control computer 104 (e.g., in the form of software).
  • a replacement computer channel 106 could be maintained, which has a direct communication link 107 with the control computer 104 and is administered by the computer to take over the function of the failed computer channel.
  • the spare computer channel 106 is coupled to the network 103 and could also communicate with the controller through this coupling (e.g., instead of the direct communications link 107).
  • the replacement computer channel 106 could be part of a computer that provides resources for a plurality of spare computer channels that may be activated by the control computer 104 to take over functions of failed or defective computer channels.
  • a computer channel is used as a replacement computer channel, which can be omitted temporarily. If, for example, the computers 101 and 102 each have two computer channels and, for example, one of them falls in the rail vehicle two computer channels in the computer 101, so the function of the failed computer channel could be at least partially (or completely) of one (or both) computer channels of the computer 102 mitübernommen. As described, the administration can take place via the control computer 104, which sets the resources of the computer channels of the computer 102 instead of the replacement computer channel 105 or the replacement computer channel 106.
  • This scenario may be advantageous if, for example, the computer 102 is required only to a limited extent in a certain operating mode and / or if the computer 102 has sufficient computing resources that the functionality of the defective computer channel can be taken over without any loss of its own functionality.
  • Another advantage could be that the communication link between two computers of the same rail vehicle has a higher performance than a communication link to a spare computer channel 105 or 106 outside the rail vehicle.
  • An advantage of the solution presented here is that the availability of a 2v2 system can be raised to the level of a 2v3 system without requiring each system (eg, each computer) a third computer channel. This reduces effort and costs for each computer.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example flowchart illustrating the use of another computer channel connected via the communication link.
  • a step 201 two computer channels of a 2v2 system diverge, ie there are different results in the two computer channels, which should actually deliver the same results in the case of proper operation. In this case, it is initially not clear which of the two computer channels is defective.
  • the two computer channels (or only one of the two computer channels, because the other can no longer perform transmission due to a hardware failure) transfer their RAM contents (or portions of their RAM contents) to the control computer, checking their functionality, and requesting them Success of the control computer a replacement computer channel.
  • control computer decides, e.g.
  • the computer channel not affected by the failure will, for example, contact the control computer and a replacement computer channel for this computer channel is made available.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hardware Redundancy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the at least partial (in particular complete) replacement of a defective computer channel with a computer channel (referred to here as replacement computer channel), wherein the defective computer channel and the replacement computer channel are connected via a communication connection. The replacement computer channel can be a resource which can be provided in hardware and/or software and which is connected or can be connected via the communication connection. Advantageously, the availability of a 2v2 system for example can be increased to the level of a 2v3 system without requiring a third computer channel for each system (for example of each computer). In this manner, the complexity and cost for the individual computers is reduced. The invention can be used for computers used in rail vehicles for example, said computers having multiple computer channels for reasons of redundancy.

Description

Beschreibung description
Ersatz -Ressource für einen defekten Rechnerkanal eines Schienenfahrzeugs Replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bereitstellung einer Ersatz -Ressource für einen defekten Rechnerkanal eines Schienenfahrzeugs, eine entsprechende Vorrichtung sowie ein entsprechendes Schienenfahrzeug. The invention relates to a method for providing a replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle, a corresponding device and a corresponding rail vehicle.
In Stellwerks- und (Schienen- ) Fahrzeug-Computern für signaltechnisch sichere Steuerungen werden mehrkanalige Rechnerkerne (auch bezeichnet als Computer) eingesetzt, bei denen sich die Rechnerkanäle gegenseitig überwachen. Insbesondere erfol- gen bei einer solchen Überwachung ein Austausch von Synchro- nisierungsinformationen sowie ein Vergleich ausgegebener Daten. Damit arbeiten die Rechnerkanäle synchron, so dass eine Abweichung zwischen Rechnerkanälen bzw. zwischen den von den Rechnerkanälen bereitgestellten Ergebnissen, feststellbar ist. In interlocking and (rail) vehicle computers for signal-safe controls multi-channel computer cores (also referred to as computers) are used, in which monitor the computer channels each other. In particular, such monitoring involves an exchange of synchronization information as well as a comparison of output data. Thus, the computer channels operate synchronously, so that a deviation between computer channels or between the provided by the computer channels results, can be determined.
In einem sogenannten 2 -von-3 -System (auch bezeichnet als 2v3- System) werden drei Rechnerkanäle eingesetzt, so dass ein Ausfall eines einzelnen Rechnerkanals toleriert werden kann: so kann mittels einer Mehrheitsentscheidung betreffend die von den Rechnerkanälen bereitgestellten Ergebnisse festgestellt werden, welcher der drei Rechnerkanäle defekt ist. Die beiden verbleibenden Rechnerkanäle, die noch die gleichen Ergebnisse liefern, stellen dann immer noch ein redundantes funktionales System dar, das in der Bahntechnik vorgegebenen Sicherheitsanforderungen entspricht. Insbesondere kann mit zwei von drei funktionierenden Rechnerkanälen der Betrieb eines Schienenfahrzeugs fortgesetzt werden. In einem sogenannten 2 -von-2 -System (auch bezeichnet als 2v2- System) gibt es 2 Rechnerkanäle, wobei jede Abweichung zwischen den Rechnerkanälen zu einer sicherungstechnischen In a so-called 2-of-3 system (also referred to as 2v3 system) three computer channels are used, so that a failure of a single computer channel can be tolerated: it can be determined by means of a majority decision regarding the results provided by the computer channels, which the three computer channels is defective. The two remaining computer channels, which still provide the same results, then still represent a redundant functional system that meets the safety requirements specified in railway technology. In particular, the operation of a rail vehicle can be continued with two out of three functioning computer channels. In a so-called 2-of-2 system (also referred to as 2v2 system), there are 2 computer channels, with each deviation between the computer channels to a fuse-technical
Stilllegung (einer sogenannten "Sicherheitsabschaltung") des gesamten Fahrzeug-Computers führt. Bei einer Abweichung zwischen den von den beiden Rechnerkanälen produzierten Ergebnissen kann nicht mittels einer Mehrheitsentscheidung wie bei dem 2v3 -System festgestellt werden, welcher der beiden Rech- nerkanäle die richtigen Ergebnisse produziert bzw. welcher defekt ist. Decommissioning (a so-called "safety shutdown") of the entire vehicle computer leads. In the event of a deviation between the results produced by the two computer channels, it can not be determined by means of a majority decision, as in the 2v3 system, which of the two computer channels produces the correct results or which one is defective.
2v2 -Systeme sind weniger aufwändig als 2v3 -Systeme, aber bei Ausfall eines der beiden Rechnerkanäle ist ein manueller Ein- griff vor Ort erforderlich, beispielsweise durch Wartungspersonal. Insbesondere kann es nötig sein, den ausgefallenen Rechnerkanal oder den Computer mit beiden Rechnerkanälen auszutauschen. Bis zu dem Eingriff sind der Fahrzeug-Computer und damit das Schienenfahrzeug nur in eingeschränktem Umfang (z.B. mit stark reduzierter Geschwindigkeit) einsetzbar, was zu erheblichen betrieblichen Einschränkungen führen kann. 2v2 systems are less expensive than 2v3 systems, but if one of the two computer channels fails, manual on-site intervention is required, for example by maintenance personnel. In particular, it may be necessary to replace the failed computer channel or the computer with both computer channels. Until the intervention of the vehicle computer and thus the rail vehicle can be used only to a limited extent (for example, at a greatly reduced speed), which can lead to significant operational restrictions.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die vorstehend genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und insbesondere eine effizi- ente Lösung anzugeben, eine redundante Ressource für einen Computer eines Schienenfahrzeugs flexibel bereitzustellen. The object of the invention is to avoid the abovementioned disadvantages and in particular to provide an efficient solution for flexibly providing a redundant resource for a computer of a rail vehicle.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind insbesonde- re den abhängigen Ansprüchen entnehmbar. This object is achieved according to the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are in particular the dependent claims.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird ein Verfahren zur Bereitstellung einer Ersatz -Ressource für einen defekten Rechnerkanal eines Schienenfahrzeugs angegeben, To achieve the object, a method is provided for providing a replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle,
- bei dem festgestellt wird, welcher von mindestens  - which determines which of at least
zwei Rechnerkanälen eines Computers defekt ist, - bei dem für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz - Ressource über eine Kommunikationsverbindung bereitgestellt wird.  two computer channels of a computer is defective, - in which for the defective computer channel the replacement resource is provided via a communication link.
Die Ersatz -Ressource kann sowohl in Hardware als auch in Software ausgeführt sein. Auch eine Kombination von Hard- und Software ist möglich. Ein Vorteil der hier vorgestellten Lösung besteht darin, dass die Verfügbarkeit z.B. eines 2v2 -Systems auf das Niveau eines 2v3 -Systems gehoben werden kann, ohne dass hierfür jedes Sys- tem (z.B. jeder Computer) einen dritten Rechnerkanal benötigen würde. Hierdurch reduzieren sich Aufwand und Kosten für die einzelnen Computer. The replacement resource can be both hardware and software. A combination of hardware and software is possible. An advantage of the solution presented here is that the availability of, for example, a 2v2 system can be raised to the level of a 2v3 system without requiring each system (eg, each computer) a third computer channel. This reduces effort and costs for each computer.
Hierbei sei angemerkt, dass ein Schienenfahrzeug (auch be- zeichnet als "Zug") mindestens einen Wagen aufweist, wobei der Wagen ein Triebfahrzeug, ein Reisewagen, ein Güterwagen oder eine Kombination aus derartigen Abteilen oder Funktionen sein kann. Das Triebfahrzeug weist eine Führerkabine (auch bezeichnet als Bedienplatz) auf und kann mit oder ohne An- trieb ausgeführt sein. Das Triebfahrzeug kann insbesondere eine Lokomotive sein. Insbesondere kann es sich bei dem It should be noted that a rail vehicle (also referred to as a "train") has at least one car, wherein the car may be a traction vehicle, a travel car, a freight car or a combination of such compartments or functions. The traction vehicle has a driver's cab (also referred to as operator station) and can be designed with or without drive. The traction vehicle may in particular be a locomotive. In particular, it may be at the
Schienenfahrzeug um eine Metrostadtbahn (z.B. S- oder U-Bahn) handeln, die zumindest teilweise unterirdisch in Tunneln fährt. Insbesondere kann das Schienenfahrzeug ein mit einem Fahrzeugführer besetztes oder ein führerloses Schienenfahrzeug sein. Im fahrerlosen Betrieb kann das Triebfahrzeug ein Notbedienpult aufweisen, das beispielsweise im Fahrgastraum hinter einer verschließbaren Klappe angeordnet ist. Eine Weiterbildung ist es, dass die Ersatz -Ressource ein Ersatz-Rechnerkanal ist, der über ein Netzwerk mit dem Computer verbunden ist. Rail vehicle around a Metrostadtbahn (for example S- or U-Bahn) act, at least partially underground in tunnels. In particular, the rail vehicle may be a vehicle driver or a driverless rail vehicle. In driverless operation, the traction unit may have an emergency operating console, which is arranged, for example, in the passenger compartment behind a closable flap. A development is that the replacement resource is a replacement computer channel that is connected to the computer via a network.
Beispielsweise kann das Netzwerk ein Ethernet sein. Vorzugs- weise wird eine Kommunikationsverbindung eingesetzt, die eine schnelle und gesicherte Datenübertragung ermöglicht. For example, the network may be an Ethernet. Preferably, a communication connection is used, which enables fast and secure data transmission.
Eine andere Weiterbildung ist es, dass die Ersatz-Ressource eine Rechenressource in einem Computer oder einem Rechnerka- nal ist, der über ein Netzwerk mit dem Computer verbunden ist . Insbesondere ist es eine Weiterbildung, dass die Ersatz- Ressource eine Ressource in einem weiteren Computer des Another development is that the replacement resource is a computing resource in a computer or a computer channel that is connected to the computer via a network. In particular, it is a development that the replacement resource is a resource in another computer of the
Schienenfahrzeugs ist. Auch ist es eine Weiterbildung, dass die Kommunikationsverbindung eine drahtgebundene und/oder eine drahtlose Verbindung aufweist. Rail vehicle is. It is also a development that the communication link has a wired and / or wireless connection.
Ferner ist es eine Weiterbildung, dass festgestellt wird, welcher von mindestens zwei Rechnerkanälen des Computers defekt ist, Furthermore, it is a development that it is determined which of at least two computer channels of the computer is defective,
- indem die mindestens zwei Rechnerkanäle zumindest einen Teil ihres Speicherinhalts an einen Steuerrechner übermitteln,  in that the at least two computer channels transmit at least part of their memory contents to a control computer,
- indem der Steuerrechner anhand der übermittelten  - by the control computer based on the transmitted
Speicherinhalte bestimmt, welcher der Rechnerkanäle defekt ist.  Memory contents determines which of the computer channels is defective.
Auch ist es eine Möglichkeit, dass der Steuerrechner einen Reset des mindestens einen Rechnerkanals veranlasst, damit der Rechnerkanal sogenannte Einschaltprüfungen durchführt. Nach erfolgreicher Durchführung der Einschaltprüfungen könnte der alte Speicherinhalt (der z.B. zuvor an den Steuerrechner übermittelt wurde) wieder an den Rechnerkanal übertragen und die Arbeit von diesem fortgesetzt werden. It is also a possibility that the control computer causes a reset of the at least one computer channel, so that the computer channel performs so-called switch-on. Upon successful completion of the power-on checks, the old memory content (e.g., previously communicated to the control computer) could be transferred back to the computer channel and work continued therefrom.
Eine nächste Weiterbildung besteht darin, dass für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz-Ressource bereitgestellt wird,A next development is that the replacement resource is provided for the defective computer channel,
- indem der Steuerrechner die Ersatz -Ressource anhand des übermittelten Speicherinhalts des nicht defekten- By the control computer, the replacement resource based on the transmitted memory contents of the non-defective
Rechnerkanals initialisiert und Computer channels initialized and
- indem der Steuerrechner einen Kontakt zwischen der Ersatz -Ressource und dem nicht defekten Rechnerkanal herstellt .  - By the control computer makes contact between the spare resource and the non-defective computer channel.
Auch ist es eine Weiterbildung, dass festgestellt wird, welcher von mindestens zwei Rechnerkanälen des Computers defekt ist, indem ein Steuerrechner mittels mindestens einer Prüfung bestimmt, welcher der Rechnerkanäle defekt ist. It is also a development that is determined which of at least two computer channels of the computer is defective is determined by a control computer by means of at least one test, which of the computer channels is defective.
Beispielsweise kann ein noch aktiver oder verbleibender Rech- nerkanal weiter genutzt werden, wenn er die Prüfung besteht. For example, a still active or remaining computer channel can continue to be used if it passes the test.
So könnte der Steuerrechner einen Befehl an den mindestens einen Rechnerkanal schicken und die von dem mindestens einen Rechnerkanal gelieferte Antwort überprüfen. Bei dem Befehl kann es sich beispielsweise um die Aufforderung zur Durchführung einer Operation, z.B. einer Rechenoperation, handeln. Anhand dieser Prüfung kann der Steuerrechner bestimmen, welcher Rechnerkanal defekt und welcher Rechnerkanal noch funktionsfähig ist. Thus, the control computer could send a command to the at least one computer channel and check the response delivered by the at least one computer channel. The command may be, for example, the request to perform an operation, e.g. an arithmetic operation, act. On the basis of this check, the control computer can determine which computer channel is defective and which computer channel is still functional.
Der hierbei eingesetzte Mechanismus kann z.B. von einem vorgegebenen Sicherheitsniveau abhängen, d.h. von einer Wahrscheinlichkeit eines die Sicherheit gefährdenden Fehlverhaltens . The mechanism employed here may be e.g. depend on a given level of security, i. a probability of a safety-threatening misconduct.
Eine Ausgestaltung ist es, dass der Steuerrechner extern zu dem Computer ausgeführt ist. An embodiment is that the control computer is executed externally to the computer.
Eine alternative Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass der Steuerrechner nicht Teil des Schienenfahrzeugs ist. An alternative embodiment is that the control computer is not part of the rail vehicle.
Optional kann der Steuerrechner auch in dem Schienenfahrzeug verortet sein. Eine nächste Ausgestaltung ist es, dass der Steuerrechner die Ersatz-Ressource aufweist. Optionally, the control computer can also be located in the rail vehicle. A next embodiment is that the control computer has the replacement resource.
Auch ist es eine Ausgestaltung, dass die Ersatz-Ressource separat zu dem Schienenfahrzeug und separat zu dem Steuerrech- ner ausgeführt ist, wobei die Ersatz -Ressource eine Kommunikationsverbindung zu dem Steuerrechner aufweist. Die Ersatz -Ressource kann eine direkte Kommunikationsverbindung zu dem Steuerrechner aufweisen oder z.B. über das Netzwerk mit dem Steuerrechner gekoppelt sein. Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Ersatz -Ressource für einen defekten Rechnerkanal eines Schienenfahrzeugs, wobei die Vorrichtung eine Verarbeitungseinheit umfasst, die derart eingerichtet ist, It is also an embodiment that the replacement resource is implemented separately from the rail vehicle and separately from the control computer, wherein the replacement resource has a communication connection to the control computer. The replacement resource can have a direct communication connection to the control computer or, for example, be coupled to the control computer via the network. The above object is also achieved by a device for providing a replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle, the device comprising a processing unit which is set up in such a way,
- dass feststellbar ist, welcher von mindestens zwei - that it can be determined which of at least two
Rechnerkanälen eines Computers defekt ist, Computer channels of a computer is defective,
- dass für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz - Ressource über eine Kommunikationsverbindung  - That for the defective computer channel, the replacement resource via a communication link
bereitstellbar ist.  is available.
Die Ausführungen betreffend das Verfahren gelten für die anderen Anspruchskategorien entsprechend. The statements concerning the method apply correspondingly to the other categories of claim.
Die vorstehend genannte Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch ein Schienenfahrzeug The above object is also achieved by a rail vehicle
- mit mindestens einem Computer, wobei der Computer  - with at least one computer, the computer
mindestens zwei Rechnerkanäle aufweist,  has at least two computer channels,
- mit einer Kommunikationsverbindung zu einer Ersatz - Ressource,  with a communication link to a replacement resource,
- mit einer Verbindung zu einer Verarbeitungseinheit, die derart eingerichtet ist, dass  with a connection to a processing unit, which is set up such that
- feststellbar ist, welcher von mindestens zwei Rechnerkanälen des Computers defekt ist,  it is possible to determine which of at least two computer channels of the computer is defective,
- für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz -Ressource über die Kommunikationsverbindung bereitstellbar ist .  - For the defective computer channel, the replacement resource can be provided via the communication link.
Eine Weiterbildung besteht darin, dass die Ersatz-Ressource in dem Schienenfahrzeug oder separat zu dem Schienenfahrzeug angeordnet ist. A further development consists in that the replacement resource is arranged in the rail vehicle or separately from the rail vehicle.
Auch ist es eine Weiterbildung, dass die Verarbeitungseinheit separat zu dem Schienenfahrzeug ausgeführt ist, wobei die Verbindung zu der Verarbeitungseinheit eine drahtgebundene und/oder eine drahtlose Verbindung umfasst. It is also a development that the processing unit is designed separately from the rail vehicle, wherein the Connection to the processing unit comprises a wired and / or wireless connection.
Die hier genannte Verarbeitungseinheit kann insbesondere als eine Prozessoreinheit und/oder eine zumindest teilweise festverdrahtete oder logische Schaltungsanordnung ausgeführt sein, die beispielsweise derart eingerichtet ist, dass das Verfahren wie hierin beschrieben durchführbar ist. Besagte Verarbeitungseinheit kann jede Art von Prozessor oder Rechner oder Computer mit entsprechend notwendiger Peripherie (Speicher, Input/Output-Schnittstellen, Ein-Ausgabe-Geräte , etc.) sein oder umfassen. Die Verarbeitungseinheit kann Teil einer Steuereinheit des Schienenfahrzeugs sein. Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden schematischen Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen, die im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Dabei können zur Übersichtlichkeit gleiche oder gleichwirkende Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sein. The processing unit mentioned here may in particular be embodied as a processor unit and / or an at least partially hard-wired or logical circuit arrangement, which is set up, for example, in such a way that the method can be carried out as described herein. Said processing unit may be or include any type of processor or computer or computer with correspondingly necessary peripherals (memory, input / output interfaces, input / output devices, etc.). The processing unit may be part of a control unit of the rail vehicle. The above-described characteristics, features, and advantages of this invention, as well as the manner in which they will be achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following schematic description of exemplary embodiments which will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings. In this case, the same or equivalent elements may be provided with the same reference numerals for clarity.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig.l ein schematisches Diagramm mit zwei Computern, die jeweils ein 2v2-System darstellen und in einem Schie- nenfahrzeug angeordnet sein können, wobei bei einem Ausfall eines der Rechnerkanäle der Computer von einem Steuerrechner ein Ersatz -Rechnerkanal bzw. eine entsprechende Ressource bereitgestellt wird; FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram with two computers, each of which represents a 2v2 system and can be arranged in a rail vehicle, wherein in the event of a failure of one of the computer channels of the computer, a replacement computer channel or a corresponding resource is provided by a control computer ;
Fig.2 ein beispielhaftes Ablaufdiagramm, das die Nutzung eines weiteren Rechnerkanals, der über die Kommunikationsverbindung angebunden wird, veranschaulicht. Fig. 2 is an exemplary flowchart illustrating the use of another computer channel which is connected via the communication link.
Beispielsweise wird vorgeschlagen, einen ausgefallenen Rechnerkanal mit einem Rechnerkanal (hier bezeichnet als Ersatz- Rechnerkanal ) zumindest teilweise (insbesondere vollständig) zu ersetzen, wobei der ausgefallene Rechnerkanal und der Ersatz-Rechnerkanal über eine Kommunikationsverbindung miteinander verbunden sind. Bei dem Ersatz -Rechnerkanal kann es sich um eine in Hardware und/oder Software bereitstellbare Ressource handeln, die über die Kommunikationsverbindung angebunden bzw. anbindbar ist. For example, it is proposed to use a failed computer channel with a computer channel (referred to here as a replacement channel). Computer channel) at least partially (in particular completely) to replace, the failed computer channel and the replacement computer channel are connected to each other via a communication link. The replacement computer channel can be a resource which can be provided in hardware and / or software and which can be connected or attached via the communication connection.
Der ausgefallene Rechnerkanal kann Teil eines Computers mit mehreren Rechnerkanälen sein. Der Computer ist insbesondere ein Computer, der in einer Bahnkomponente, z.B. in einem Schienenfahrzeug eingesetzt ist. The failed computer channel can be part of a computer with multiple computer channels. In particular, the computer is a computer that is used in a web component, e.g. used in a rail vehicle.
Insbesondere kann der ausgefallene Rechnerkanal einer von mehreren Rechnerkanälen eines Computers sein, wobei die mehreren Rechnerkanäle redundant ausgelegt sind. Die redundant ausgelegten Rechnerkanäle können beispielsweise synchron arbeiten und die synchron von den Rechnerkanälen bereitgestellten Ergebnisse können z.B. zu vorgegebenen Zeitpunkten über- prüft werden. Auch ist es möglich, dass unterschiedliche Rechnerkanäle ähnliche oder gleiche Operationen ausführen, die jeweils die gleichen Ergebnisse produzieren sollten. Sobald eine Abweichung in den Ergebnissen festgestellt wird, kann auf den Ausfall zumindest eines der Rechnerkanäle rück- geschlossen werden. In particular, the failed computer channel can be one of several computer channels of a computer, wherein the plurality of computer channels are designed to be redundant. For example, the redundant computer channels may operate synchronously, and the results provided synchronously by the computer channels may be e.g. be checked at predetermined times. It is also possible that different computer channels perform similar or identical operations, which should each produce the same results. As soon as a deviation is found in the results, at least one of the computer channels can be deduced.
Der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal kann Teil eines weiteren Computers sein, wobei beispielsweise der weitere Computer mit dem Computer, in dem der ausgefallene Rechnerkanal implementiert ist, über die Kommunikationsverbindung verbunden ist. The spare computer channel may be part of another computer, for example, the other computer is connected to the computer in which the failed computer channel is implemented via the communication link.
Die Kommunikationsverbindung kann z.B. eine Ethernet- Verbindung sein oder eine solche umfassen. Die Kommunikationsverbindung kann drahtgebunden und/oder drahtlos ausgeführt sein. Auch sind Kombinationen von einer drahtgebundenen und einer drahtlosen Verbindung als Kommunikationsverbindung möglich. Der Ansatz ist insbesondere von Vorteil, wenn eine Vielzahl gleicher oder nahezu gleicher Rechnerkanäle in verschiedenen Computern vorhanden ist, die beispielsweise über ein Netzwerk miteinander verbunden sind. Der Ausfall eines Rechnerkanals in einem Computer kann somit über einen Rechnerkanal eines anderen Computers (d.h. den Ersatz -Rechnerkanal ) , zu dem die Kommunikationsverbindung besteht, kompensiert werden. The communication connection can be, for example, an Ethernet connection or include such. The communication connection can be wired and / or wireless. Also combinations of a wired and a wireless connection as a communication connection are possible. The approach is particularly advantageous if a multiplicity of identical or almost identical computer channels are present in different computers, which are interconnected, for example, via a network. The failure of a computer channel in a computer can thus be compensated via a computer channel of another computer (ie the spare computer channel) to which the communication link exists.
Insbesondere ist es möglich, dass der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal al- le oder einen Teil der Funktionen des ausgefallenen Rechnerkanals übernimmt. Auch ist es eine Option, dass ein solcher Ersatz -Rechnerkanal für eine vorgegebene Zeitdauer (z.B. vorübergehend) genutzt wird, beispielsweise bis die defekte Hardware ersetzt werden kann. In particular, it is possible for the replacement computer channel to take over all or part of the functions of the failed computer channel. Also, it is an option that such a spare computer channel be used for a predetermined period of time (e.g., temporarily), for example, until the defective hardware can be replaced.
Auch kann der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal von einem Computer im Netzwerk vorgehalten werden. Ein solcher Computer kann einen oder mehrere Rechnerkanäle für potenzielle Ausfälle vorsehen. Also, the spare computer channel can be held by a computer on the network. Such a computer may provide one or more computer channels for potential failures.
Fällt in einem 2v2 -System ein Rechnerkanal aus, kann mittels eines solchen Ersatz -Rechnerkanals wieder ein funktionsfähiges 2v2 -System hergestellt werden. If a computer channel fails in a 2v2 system, a functional 2v2 system can be restored by means of such a replacement computer channel.
Ein Ersatz -Rechnerkanal kann in Hardware und/oder Software realisiert sein. Insbesondere ist es möglich, dass für den Ersatz -Rechnerkanal Ressourcen auf einer Hardware-Einheit bereitgestellt werden, die die Funktion des ausgefallenen Rechnerkanals teilweise oder vollständig (mit- ) übernimmt . Eine solche Ressource kann auch in Form von Software bereitgehalten werden. A replacement computer channel may be implemented in hardware and / or software. In particular, it is possible for the spare computer channel to provide resources on a hardware unit that partially or completely takes over the function of the failed computer channel. Such a resource can also be kept in the form of software.
Der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal wird vorzugsweise mit notwendigen Daten versorgt (z.B. RAM- Inhalten) , bevor er die Funktion des ausgefallenen Rechnerkanals übernehmen kann. Hierbei können gleiche oder ähnliche Mechanismen verwendet werden wie bei dem Hinzufügen eines dritten Rechnerkanals zu zwei bereits laufenden Rechnerkanälen. Beispielsweise kann ein defekter Rechnerkanal in einem 2v2- System bestimmt werden mithilfe des Ersatz -Rechnerkanals und/oder eines separat ausgeführten Steuerrechners. Insbesondere ist es eine Option, dass hierfür der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal und/oder der Steuerrechner Informationen, die von den beiden Rechnerkanälen des 2v2 -Systems bereitgestellt werden, bewertet und infolgedessen bestimmt, welcher der beiden Rechnerkanäle des 2v2 -Systems defekt ist. Vorzugsweise kann für eine solche Beurteilung von Rechnerkanälen eine Zentralstelle vorgesehen sein, mit der eine Kommunikationsverbindung (zumindest zeitweise) besteht. Diese Beurteilung kann von einem Ersatz -Rechnerkanal oder von der Zentralstelle (z.B. in Form des Steuerrechners) durchgeführt werden. Der Steuerrechner kann z.B. die Funktionsfähigkeit der Rechnerkanäle des 2v2 -Systems beurteilen und infolgedessen die Initialisierung des Ersatz -Rechnerkanals durchführen. Insbesondere können der Steuerrechner und der Ersatz - Rechnerkanal auf einer gemeinsamen Hardware oder auf einer verteilten Hardware implementiert sein. Eine solche verteilte Hardware kann ebenfalls über eine Kommunikationsverbindung, z.B. über ein Netzwerk, gekoppelt sein. Auch könnte der für defekt befundene Rechnerkanal von dem Steuerrechner abgeschaltet oder inaktiv geschaltet werden. The spare computer channel is preferably supplied with necessary data (eg RAM contents) before it can take over the function of the failed computer channel. Here, the same or similar mechanisms can be used as in the addition of a third computer channel to two already running computer channels. For example, a defective computer channel may be determined in a 2v2 system using the replacement computer channel and / or a separately executed control computer. In particular, it is an option that for this purpose the replacement computer channel and / or the control computer evaluates information provided by the two computer channels of the 2v2 system and, as a result, determines which of the two computer channels of the 2v2 system is defective. Preferably, for such an evaluation of computer channels, a central office can be provided, with which a communication connection exists (at least temporarily). This assessment may be performed by a replacement computer channel or by the central office (eg in the form of the control computer). The control computer can, for example, assess the functionality of the computer channels of the 2v2 system and, as a result, initialize the replacement computer channel. In particular, the control computer and the replacement computer channel can be implemented on a common hardware or on a distributed hardware. Such distributed hardware may also be coupled via a communication link, eg via a network. Also, the computer channel found to be defective could be switched off by the control computer or switched inactive.
Ein solcher Steuerrechner könnte nach Maßstäben der Bahntechnik als sicher ausgelegt sein. Auch die Kommunikationsverbindung erfolgt vorzugsweise unter Ausnutzung eines sicheren Kommunikationsprotokolls, z.B. eines Protokolls (z.B. über UDP, IP oder Ethernet), das die Norm EN 50159 erfüllt. Such a control computer could be designed by the standards of railway technology as safe. The communication connection is also preferably made using a secure communication protocol, e.g. a protocol (such as UDP, IP or Ethernet) that complies with the EN 50159 standard.
Fig.l zeigt ein schematisches Diagramm mit zwei Computern 101 und 102, die jeweils ein 2v2-System darstellen und in einem Schienenfahrzeug angeordnet sein können. Insbesondere können die Computer 101 und 102 in verschiedenen Wagen des gleichen Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet sein. Jeder der Computer 101 und 102 weist hier beispielhaft zwei Rechnerkanäle auf. Die Computer 101 und 102 sind über ein Netzwerk 103 als beispielhafte Kommunikationsverbindung miteinander verbunden. Weiterhin ist mit Netzwerk 103 und somit mit den beiden Computern 101 und 102 ein Steuerrechner 104 verbunden, der op- tional einen Ersatz -Rechnerkanal 105 aufweist. Fig.l shows a schematic diagram with two computers 101 and 102, each representing a 2v2 system and can be arranged in a rail vehicle. In particular, the computers 101 and 102 may be arranged in different cars of the same rail vehicle. Each of the computers 101 and 102 has here by way of example two computer channels. The computers 101 and 102 are interconnected via a network 103 as an exemplary communication link. Furthermore, with network 103 and thus with the two computers 101 and 102, a control computer 104 is connected, which optionally has a replacement computer channel 105.
Fällt einer der Rechnerkanäle in einem der Computer 101 oder 102 aus, kann der Steuerrechner 104 bestimmen, welcher der beiden Rechnerkanäle defekt ist und hierfür den Ersatz - Rechnerkanal 105 bereitstellen. Damit sind die Computer 101 und 102 des Schienenfahrzeugs wieder redundant mit zwei funktionierenden Rechnerkanälen ausgestattet und der Betrieb des Schienenfahrzeugs kann fortgesetzt werden. Der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal 105 kann Teil des Steuerrechners 104 sein. Beispielhaft kann der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal 105 eine separate Hardware des Steuerrechners 104 oder auf der Hardware des Steuerrechners 104 (z.B. in Form von Software) ablauffähig sein. If one of the computer channels in one of the computers 101 or 102 fails, the control computer 104 can determine which of the two computer channels is defective and for this purpose provide the replacement computer channel 105. Thus, the computers 101 and 102 of the rail vehicle are again redundantly equipped with two functioning computer channels and the operation of the rail vehicle can be continued. The spare computer channel 105 may be part of the control computer 104. By way of example, the spare computer channel 105 may be executable separate hardware of the control computer 104 or on the hardware of the control computer 104 (e.g., in the form of software).
Optional (oder zusätzlich) könnte ein Ersatz -Rechnerkanal 106 vorgehalten werden, der eine direkte Kommunikationsverbindung 107 mit dem Steuerrechner 104 aufweist und von diesem administriert wird zur Übernahme der Funktion des ausgefallenen Rechnerkanals. Der Ersatz -Rechnerkanal 106 ist an das Netzwerk 103 gekoppelt und könnte auch über diese Kopplung (z.B. anstatt der direkten Kommunikationsverbindung 107) mit dem Steuerrechner in Verbindung treten. Weiterhin könnte der Ersatz-Rechnerkanal 106 Teil eines Computers sein, der Ressour- cen für mehrere Ersatz -Rechnerkanäle bereitstellt, die ggf. von dem Steuerrechner 104 zur Übernahme von Funktionen ausgefallener oder defekter Rechnerkanäle aktiviert werden. Optionally (or additionally), a replacement computer channel 106 could be maintained, which has a direct communication link 107 with the control computer 104 and is administered by the computer to take over the function of the failed computer channel. The spare computer channel 106 is coupled to the network 103 and could also communicate with the controller through this coupling (e.g., instead of the direct communications link 107). Furthermore, the replacement computer channel 106 could be part of a computer that provides resources for a plurality of spare computer channels that may be activated by the control computer 104 to take over functions of failed or defective computer channels.
Eine weitere Option besteht darin, dass als Ersatz- Rechnerkanal ein Rechnerkanal genutzt wird, auf den vorübergehend verzichtet werden kann. Sind beispielsweise in dem Schienenfahrzeug die Computer 101 und 102 mit jeweils zwei Rechnerkanälen vorhanden und fällt beispielsweise einer der beiden Rechnerkanäle in dem Computer 101 aus, so könnte die Funktion des ausgefallenen Rechnerkanals zumindest teilweise (oder vollständig) von einem (oder beiden) Rechnerkanälen des Computers 102 mitübernommen werden. Die Administration kann wie beschrieben über den Steuerrechner 104 erfolgen, der anstatt des Ersatz -Rechnerkanals 105 oder des Ersatz- Rechnerkanals 106 die Ressourcen der Rechnerkanäle des Computers 102 entsprechend einstellt. Dieses Szenario mag vorteilhaft sein, wenn z.B. der Computer 102 in einem bestimmten Be- triebsmodus nur eingeschränkt benötigt wird und/oder wenn der Computer 102 über ausreichend rechnertechnische Ressourcen verfügt, dass die Funktionalität des defekten Rechnerkanals ohne Einbuße der eigenen Funktionalität mitübernommen werden kann. Ein weiterer Vorteil könnte darin bestehen, dass die Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen zwei Computern des gleichen Schienenfahrzeugs eine höhere Performanz aufweist als eine Kommunikationsverbindung zu einem Ersatz -Rechnerkanal 105 oder 106 außerhalb des Schienenfahrzeugs. Ein Vorteil der hier vorgestellten Lösung besteht darin, dass die Verfügbarkeit eines 2v2 -Systems auf das Niveau eines 2v3- Systems gehoben werden kann, ohne dass hierfür jedes System (z.B. jeder Computer) einen dritten Rechnerkanal benötigen würde. Hierdurch reduzieren sich Aufwand und Kosten für die einzelnen Computer. Another option is that a computer channel is used as a replacement computer channel, which can be omitted temporarily. If, for example, the computers 101 and 102 each have two computer channels and, for example, one of them falls in the rail vehicle two computer channels in the computer 101, so the function of the failed computer channel could be at least partially (or completely) of one (or both) computer channels of the computer 102 mitübernommen. As described, the administration can take place via the control computer 104, which sets the resources of the computer channels of the computer 102 instead of the replacement computer channel 105 or the replacement computer channel 106. This scenario may be advantageous if, for example, the computer 102 is required only to a limited extent in a certain operating mode and / or if the computer 102 has sufficient computing resources that the functionality of the defective computer channel can be taken over without any loss of its own functionality. Another advantage could be that the communication link between two computers of the same rail vehicle has a higher performance than a communication link to a spare computer channel 105 or 106 outside the rail vehicle. An advantage of the solution presented here is that the availability of a 2v2 system can be raised to the level of a 2v3 system without requiring each system (eg, each computer) a third computer channel. This reduces effort and costs for each computer.
Fig.2 zeigt ein beispielhaftes Ablaufdiagramm, das die Nutzung eines weiteren Rechnerkanals, der über die Kommunikationsverbindung angebunden wird, veranschaulicht. FIG. 2 shows an example flowchart illustrating the use of another computer channel connected via the communication link.
In einem Schritt 201 laufen zwei Rechnerkanäle eines 2v2- System auseinander, d.h. es ergeben sich unterschiedliche Ergebnisse in den beiden Rechnerkanälen, die eigentlich im Falle des ordnungsgemäßen Betriebs gleiche Ergebnisse liefern sollten. Hierbei ist zunächst nicht erkennbar, welcher der beiden Rechnerkanäle defekt ist. In einem Schritt 202 übertragen die beiden Rechnerkanäle (oder nur einer der beiden Rechnerkanäle, weil der andere aufgrund eines Hardwarefehlers keine Übertragung mehr durchführen kann) ihre RAM-Inhalte (oder Teile ihres RAM-Inhalts) an den Steuerrechner, überprüfen ihre Funktionsfähigkeit und beantragen bei Erfolg von dem Steuerrechner einen Ersatz - Rechnerkanal . In a step 201, two computer channels of a 2v2 system diverge, ie there are different results in the two computer channels, which should actually deliver the same results in the case of proper operation. In this case, it is initially not clear which of the two computer channels is defective. In a step 202, the two computer channels (or only one of the two computer channels, because the other can no longer perform transmission due to a hardware failure) transfer their RAM contents (or portions of their RAM contents) to the control computer, checking their functionality, and requesting them Success of the control computer a replacement computer channel.
In einem Schritt 203 entscheidet der Steuerrechner, z.B. In a step 203, the control computer decides, e.g.
durch Auslösung eines Resets bei dem mindestens einen verbleibenden Rechnerkanal und/oder durch Durchführung einer Prüfung mit dem mindestens einen verbleibenden Rechnerkanal, welcher der beiden Rechnerkanäle funktionsfähig ist, initialisiert den Ersatz -Rechnerkanal mit den Daten des funktions- fähigen Rechnerkanals und stellt den Kontakt zwischen dem funktionsfähigen Rechnerkanal und dem Ersatz -Rechnerkanal her . by triggering a reset at the at least one remaining computer channel and / or by performing a test with the at least one remaining computer channel, which of the two computer channels is functional, initializes the spare computer channel with the data of the functional computer channel and provides the contact between the functional computer channel and the spare computer channel.
Bei Ausfall eines der beiden Rechnerkanäle wird beispielswei- se der von dem Ausfall nicht betroffene Rechnerkanal den Steuerrechner kontaktieren und es wird ein Ersatz - Rechnerkanal für diesen Rechnerkanal bereitgestellt. If one of the two computer channels fails, the computer channel not affected by the failure will, for example, contact the control computer and a replacement computer channel for this computer channel is made available.
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch das mindestens eine ge- zeigte Ausführungsbeispiel näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht darauf eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen. Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the at least one illustrated embodiment, the invention is not so limited and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

Verfahren zur Bereitstellung einer Ersatz -Ressource (105, 106) für einen defekten Rechnerkanal eines Schienenfahrzeugs , Method for providing a replacement resource (105, 106) for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle,
- bei dem festgestellt wird, welcher von mindestens  - which determines which of at least
zwei Rechnerkanälen eines Computers (101) defekt ist, two computer channels of a computer (101) is defective,
- bei dem für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz - Ressource (105, 106) über eine Kommunikationsverbindung (103) bereitgestellt wird. in which the replacement resource (105, 106) is provided via the communication link (103) for the defective computer channel.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Ersatz -Ressource ein Ersatz -Rechnerkanal (105, 106) ist, der über ein Netzwerk (103) mit dem Computer verbunden (101) ist. The method of claim 1, wherein the replacement resource is a spare computer channel (105, 106) connected (101) to the computer via a network (103).
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Ersatz-Ressource eine Rechenressource in einem Computer oder einem Rechnerkanal ist, der über ein Netzwerk mit dem Computer verbunden ist. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the replacement resource is a computing resource in a computer or a computer channel, which is connected via a network to the computer.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Ersatz-Ressource eine Ressource in einem weiteren Computer des Schienenfahrzeugs ist. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the replacement resource is a resource in another computer of the rail vehicle.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Kommunikationsverbindung eine drahtgebundene und/oder eine drahtlose Verbindung aufweist. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the communication connection comprises a wired and / or a wireless connection.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem festgestellt wird, welcher von mindestens zwei Rechnerkanälen des Computers defekt ist, Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it is determined which of at least two computer channels of the computer is defective,
- indem die mindestens zwei Rechnerkanäle zumindest einen Teil ihres Speicherinhalts an einen Steuerrechner übermitteln,  in that the at least two computer channels transmit at least part of their memory contents to a control computer,
- indem der Steuerrechner anhand der übermittelten  - by the control computer based on the transmitted
Speicherinhalte bestimmt, welcher der Rechnerkanäle defekt ist. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, bei dem für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz-Ressource bereitgestellt wird,Memory contents determines which of the computer channels is defective. Method according to Claim 6, in which the replacement computer resource is provided for the defective computer channel,
- indem der Steuerrechner die Ersatz -Ressource anhand des übermittelten Speicherinhalts des nicht defekten Rechnerkanals initialisiert und - By the control computer initializes the replacement resource based on the transmitted memory contents of the non-defective computer channel and
- indem der Steuerrechner einen Kontakt zwischen der Ersatz -Ressource und dem nicht defekten Rechnerkanal herstellt .  - By the control computer makes contact between the spare resource and the non-defective computer channel.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei dem festgestellt wird, welcher von mindestens zwei Rechnerkanälen des Computers defekt ist, indem ein Steuerrechner mittels mindestens einer Prüfung bestimmt, welcher der Rechnerkanäle defekt ist. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein it is determined which of at least two computer channels of the computer is defective in that a control computer determines by means of at least one check which of the computer channels is defective.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, bei dem der Steuerrechner extern zu dem Computer ausgeführt ist. Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the control computer is executed externally to the computer.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, bei dem der Steuerrechner nicht Teil des Schienenfahrzeugs ist. Method according to one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the control computer is not part of the rail vehicle.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, bei dem der Steuerrechner die Ersatz -Ressource aufweist. Method according to one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the control computer has the replacement resource.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, bei dem die Ersatz -Ressource separat zu dem Schienenfahrzeug und separat zu dem Steuerrechner ausgeführt ist, wobei die Ersatz-Ressource eine Kommunikationsverbindung zu dem Steuerrechner aufweist. Method according to one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the replacement resource is performed separately to the rail vehicle and separately to the control computer, wherein the replacement resource has a communication connection to the control computer.
Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Ersatz -Ressource (105, 106) für einen defekten Rechnerkanal eines Schienenfahrzeugs, wobei die Vorrichtung eine Verarbeitungs- einheit (104) umfasst, die derart eingerichtet ist,Device for providing a replacement resource (105, 106) for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle, the device comprising a processing unit (104) arranged in such a way
- dass feststellbar ist, welcher von mindestens zwei Rechnerkanälen eines Computers (101) defekt ist, - dass für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz - Ressource (105, 106) über eine Kommunikationsverbindung (103) bereitstellbar ist. that it can be determined which of at least two computer channels of a computer (101) is defective, - That for the defective computer channel, the replacement resource (105, 106) via a communication link (103) can be provided.
Schienenfahrzeug track vehicle
- mit mindestens einem Computer (101, 102), wobei der Computer mindestens zwei Rechnerkanäle aufweist, with at least one computer (101, 102), the computer having at least two computer channels,
- mit einer Kommunikationsverbindung (103) zu einer Ersatz-Ressource (105, 106), with a communication link (103) to a replacement resource (105, 106),
- mit einer Verbindung zu einer Verarbeitungseinheit (104) , die derart eingerichtet ist, dass  with a connection to a processing unit (104) arranged such that
- feststellbar ist, welcher von mindestens zwei Rech nerkanälen des Computers (101) defekt ist,  - It can be determined which of at least two computer channels of the computer (101) is defective,
- für den defekten Rechnerkanal die Ersatz -Ressource (105, 106) über die Kommunikationsverbindung (103) bereitstellbar ist.  - For the defective computer channel, the replacement resource (105, 106) via the communication link (103) can be provided.
Schienenfahrzeug nach Anspruch 14, bei dem die Ersatz - Ressource in dem Schienenfahrzeug oder separat zu dem Schienenfahrzeug angeordnet ist. Rail vehicle according to claim 14, wherein the replacement resource is arranged in the rail vehicle or separately from the rail vehicle.
Schienenfahrzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 14 oder 15, bei dem die Verarbeitungseinheit separat zu dem Schienenfahrzeug ausgeführt ist, wobei die Verbindung zu der Verarbeitungseinheit eine drahtgebundene und/oder eine drahtlose Verbindung umfasst. Rail vehicle according to one of claims 14 or 15, wherein the processing unit is designed separately from the rail vehicle, wherein the connection to the processing unit comprises a wired and / or a wireless connection.
EP15715176.2A 2014-03-31 2015-03-18 Spare ressource for the faulty channel of a rail vehicle Not-in-force EP3102475B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102014206078.8A DE102014206078A1 (en) 2014-03-31 2014-03-31 Replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle
PCT/EP2015/055606 WO2015150070A1 (en) 2014-03-31 2015-03-18 Replacement resource for a defective computer channel of a rail vehicle

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CN111516728A (en) * 2020-05-08 2020-08-11 湖南中车时代通信信号有限公司 Vehicle-mounted control system of train
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EP3102475B1 (en) 2019-08-07

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