EP3098819B1 - Cable - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3098819B1
EP3098819B1 EP15169612.7A EP15169612A EP3098819B1 EP 3098819 B1 EP3098819 B1 EP 3098819B1 EP 15169612 A EP15169612 A EP 15169612A EP 3098819 B1 EP3098819 B1 EP 3098819B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
power cable
drive power
central conductor
polymeric sheath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15169612.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3098819A1 (fr
Inventor
Fabrice Montalto
Lars Nilsen
Jacques Besio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lapp Engineering AG
Original Assignee
Lapp Engineering AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lapp Engineering AG filed Critical Lapp Engineering AG
Priority to ES15169612.7T priority Critical patent/ES2642175T3/es
Priority to EP15169612.7A priority patent/EP3098819B1/fr
Publication of EP3098819A1 publication Critical patent/EP3098819A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3098819B1 publication Critical patent/EP3098819B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • H01B7/046—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables attached to objects sunk in bore holes, e.g. well drilling means, well pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/182—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments
    • H01B7/183—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments forming part of an outer sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cable for supplying power to a top-drive assembly on a drilling rig.
  • top-drive assembly On offshore and land-based drilling rigs, a top-drive assembly is generally used to provide the rotational force needed to drill a hole.
  • the power to the motors within the top-drive assembly is supplied by power cables ("top-drive power cables").
  • the power cables are located within rubber hoses.
  • the rubber hoses protect the power cables from mechanical and chemical damage and against the generally harsh conditions on drilling rigs. Without the additional protecting hoses, the lifetime of the cables would be severely reduced.
  • the cables are normally glued to the rubber hose to prevent movement of the cable relative to the hose.
  • the rubber hoses add weight to the overall structure and the positioning and gluing of the cable inside the hose is time consuming.
  • the top-drive assembly typically performs repetitive vertical movements.
  • the rubber hoses and the power cables enclosed within reciprocate these movements.
  • the power cables therefore need to be designed for continuous flexing operations. Insufficient flexibility can lead to failure of the cable.
  • WO2011/140034 A2 shows a top-drive power cable with one or more high-conductivity conductors that are surrounded by an electromagnetic shielding layer which is itself surrounded by a polymeric sheath.
  • a reinforcing layer of braided aramid fibres surrounds the polymeric sheath.
  • the aramid fibres provide open coverage of the polymeric sheath.
  • Drill-heads can get stuck during operation. To free the drill-head, a large torque is applied to the former by the top-drive assembly which can lead to a momentarily uncontrolled motion ("jumping") of the power cables that are mechanically connected to the top-drive assembly. To prevent damage to the cable or disconnection of the cable from the top-drive assembly during these special operations, the cable is typically mechanically clamped. During routine operation, the cable clamp exerts pressure on the cable sheath and the conductors within the cable. Due to the repetitive flexing of the cable during routine operation, the clamping of the cable can lead to damage to the cable sheath and the conductors and ultimately to the failure of the cable.
  • the problem of the present invention is to provide a cable, for supplying power to a top-drive assembly, which does not need to be positioned within a rubber hose.
  • the cable shall withstand mechanical and chemical conditions that are encountered on a drilling rig.
  • the cable shall be easy to dismantle even over long distances of several meters.
  • the power cable of the present invention comprises a central conductor which is electrically insulated by a surrounding insulation layer, the central conductor insulation layer.
  • the insulated central conductor is preferably designed to carry high loads of electrical power.
  • the insulated central conductor is preferably surrounded by an electromagnetic shielding layer.
  • the electromagnetic shielding layer preferably comprises a woven copper braid.
  • the power cable further comprises a first polymeric sheath which fully encloses the electromagnetic shielding layer.
  • the first polymeric sheath preferably comprises polyvinylchloride and/or polyolefins and/or polyurethane and/or another extrudable polymeric material.
  • a reinforcing layer encloses the first polymeric sheath.
  • the reinforcing layer provides mechanical protection to the internal components of the power cable.
  • the mechanical protection relates as well to protection against punctures (e.g. due to projectiles, splinters or other moving objects which can collide with the power cable) as to protection against unwanted bending, kinking or jumping of the cable, particularly during the operation to free a stuck drilling head.
  • the power cable further comprises a second polymeric sheath surrounding the reinforcing layer.
  • This outermost layer preferably comprises polyvinylchloride and/or polyolefins and/or polyurethane and/or another polymeric material.
  • the second polymeric sheath preferably further comprises additives which improve the mechanical and chemical stability of the layer to withstand the conditions generally encountered on a drilling rig.
  • the material for the second polymeric sheath is mud-resistant according to NEK606.
  • the reinforcing layer of the power cable comprises a braid of interlaced strands of a flexible material.
  • the interlaced strands are interwoven in a way to form a densely packed braid.
  • the braid covers 95% to 100% of the first polymeric sheath with the coverage defined as the surface area of the first polymeric sheath that is not directly visible through the braid from outside.
  • the braid is homogeneous without openings larger than 1mm 2 . This coverage provides a high and uniform protection for the underlying layers against mechanical impact, even from sharp and/or small objects. Such small and/or sharp objects might be able to relatively easily traverse the second polymeric sheath but the reinforcing layer will ensure protection in particular of the central conductor and hence prevent the power cable from possible failure.
  • the reinforcing layer comprises a braid of aramid fibres.
  • An aramid fibre braid can be woven by a suitable machine/robot directly onto the first polymeric sheath, hence allowing for easy and efficient production.
  • a suitable circular braid can be woven separately and subsequently be slid onto the first polymeric sheath.
  • the reinforcing layer is not chemically bound to the first and/or second polymeric sheath.
  • chemically bound is defined as the regular and strong (i.e. neither coincidental nor punctual) formation of covalent and/or ionic and/or hydrogen bonds.
  • the central conductor is a bunched type conductor.
  • a bunched type conductor a large number of individual wires, preferably comprising copper and/or aluminium and/or zinc and/or a conducting polymer, are helically assembled together in the same direction without forming definite layers.
  • the bunched type central conductor improves the flexibility of the cable and improves the cables capability to withstand repeated bending cycles.
  • the cable further comprises one or several non-central conductors.
  • Each of the non-central conductors is electrically insulated by a non-central conductor insulation layer surrounding the conductor.
  • the one or several non-central conductors are preferably located within the electromagnetic shielding layer.
  • the cable comprises three or six non-central conductors which are evenly distributed around the central conductor.
  • the distribution of the non-central conductors around the central conductor is symmetrical with respect to rotations of the cable around its axis.
  • the central conductor is positioned in the centre of the cable with the axis of the central conductor and the axis of the overall cable approximately coinciding. An even distribution of the non-central conductors around the central conductor improves the electromagnetic properties of the cable and improves the mechanical stability.
  • the central conductor and/or the one or several non-central conductors comprise copper and/or aluminium and/or zinc and or a conducting polymer.
  • the non-central conductors comprise several copper wires.
  • the copper wires can be grouped together to form a bunched type conductor, a concentric stranded conductor or a multiple stranded conductor.
  • a tape layer is positioned between the reinforcing layer and the second polymeric sheath.
  • the tape layer ensures that the second polymeric sheath and the braid reinforcing layer will not be chemically bonded together and remain well-separated when the second polymeric sheath is manufactured on top of the reinforcing layer.
  • the tape layer is wound around the reinforcing layer during production of the cable, before the second polymeric sheath is applied.
  • the tape layer preferably comprises a thin, preferably less than 0.5mm thick, elongated tape made of polyester and/or polytetrafluoroethylene. The tape layer is wound around the reinforcing layer in a way that the reinforcing layer is fully covered by the tape layer.
  • the first polymeric sheath and the second polymeric sheath have different colours.
  • the two colours are easily distinguishable by eye. Due to the different colours, damage to the power cable is easily detectable through visual inspection. If the colour of the first polymeric sheath is visible, damage has occurred and maintenance, repair and/or replacement must be scheduled.
  • the second polymeric sheath comprises an antistatic additive, reducing the sheet resistance of the cable surface to 10 9 Ohm to 10 4 Ohm. This will prevent accumulation of charges on the cable surface. Accumulation of charges on a surface can lead to arc discharges which can ignite explosions or fire in areas where flammable substance are encountered.
  • the power cable further comprises a stripping tube.
  • the stripping tube facilitates stripping of the cable over distances of several meters. Cables often need to be stripped at the ends to connect the individual conductors to connectors, machines, robots or other electrical assemblies. For top-drive assemblies, cables typically need to be stripped over distances of several meters.
  • One step of the stripping process generally consists in cutting through one or several outlying layers of the cable along the axis of the cable over the required distance with a sharp object, typically a blade or knife. Special care must be applied in order not to damage the conductors, shielding layers or inner polymeric layers. In particular, it is important not to cut too deep into the cable.
  • the stripping tube is positioned within the cable at a depth until which the outer layers need to be cut for stripping the cable.
  • a knife or blade is positioned at the end of the cable in a way that the end of the knife or blade is approximately at the centre of the stripping tube.
  • a cut can then be made along the axis of the cable with the knife or blade being guided by the stripping tube. Failure to follow the stripping tube during cutting will lead to a change in force that needs to be applied to the knife, so that the operator or machine performing the cut receives a direct feedback if the cut is no longer performed in the correct way.
  • the stripping tube is preferably positioned inside the electromagnetic shielding layer.
  • the wall of the stripping tube comprises a polymeric material.
  • the stripping tube is hollow.
  • the central conductor serves as the common grounding conductor for the electrical circuits powered by the non-central conductors.
  • the central conductor preferably has a larger cross-section than any of the non-central conductors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a top-drive power cable (10) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cable (10) comprises a central conductor (1) which is composed of several individual wires (9).
  • the central conductor (1) is surrounded by a central conductor insulation layer (2).
  • a reinforcing layer (3) surrounds the central conductor insulation layer (2).
  • a second polymeric sheath (4) surrounds the reinforcing layer (3) and the other inlying components.
  • the cable (10) may optionally further comprise an electromagnetic shielding layer and further polymeric sheaths.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a top-drive power cable (10) according to the present invention.
  • the cable (10) comprises a central conductor (1) which is composed of several individual wires (9) and electrically insulated by a central conductor insulation layer (2).
  • the central conductor (1) is positioned in a way that its axis and the axis of the cable (10) approximately coincide.
  • the cable (10) further comprises a stripping tube (8) and cylinder-shaped fillers (7).
  • the fillers (7) are used to optimize the overall geometrical shape of the cable (10) and to reduce the amount of polymeric material used for the different polymeric sheath layers.
  • An electromagnetic shielding (5) encloses the aforementioned components.
  • a first polymeric sheath (6) encloses the electromagnetic shielding (5).
  • a reinforcing layer (3) is positioned on top of the first polymeric sheath (6).
  • a tape layer (not shown) may be wound around the cable (10).
  • a second polymeric sheath (4) is the outermost layer of the cable (10).
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a top-drive power cable (10) according to the present invention.
  • the cable (10) comprises a central conductor (1) which is composed of several individual wires (9) and electrically insulated by a central conductor insulation layer (2).
  • the central conductor (1) is positioned in a way that its axis and the axis of the cable (10) approximately coincide.
  • the cable (10) further comprises a stripping tube (8) and cylinder-shaped fillers (7).
  • the cable (10) further comprises several non-central conductors (1'), each of which is electrically insulated by a non-central conductor insulation layer (2').
  • An electromagnetic shielding (5) encloses the aforementioned components.
  • a first polymeric sheath (6) encloses the electromagnetic shielding (5). On top of the first polymeric sheath (6), a reinforcing layer (3) is positioned. A second polymeric sheath (4) is the outermost layer of the cable (10).
  • FIG 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a top-drive power cable (10) according to the present invention.
  • the cable (10) comprises a central conductor (1) which is composed of several individual wires (9) and electrically insulated by a central conductor insulation layer (2).
  • the central conductor (1) is positioned in a way that its axis and the axis of the cable (10) approximately coincide.
  • the cable (10) further comprises a stripping tube (8) and cylinder-shaped fillers (7).
  • the cable (10) further comprises several, in the shown embodiment six, non-central conductors (1'), each of which is electrically insulated by a non-central conductor insulation layer (2').
  • An electromagnetic shielding (5) encloses the aforementioned components.
  • a first polymeric sheath (6) encloses the electromagnetic shielding (5).
  • a reinforcing layer (3) encloses and protects the aforementioned components.
  • a second polymeric sheath (4) is the outermost layer of the cable (10).

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
  • Endoscopes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut sur une installation de forage, comprenant:
    un conducteur central(1);
    une couche d'isolation du conducteur central (2) enveloppant ledit conducteur central (1);
    un écran électromagnétique (5) enveloppant ledit conducteur central (1) et ladite couche d'isolation du conducteur central (2);
    une première couche polymérique (6) enveloppant ledit écran électromagnétique (5);
    une couche de renforcement (3) enveloppant ladite première couche polymérique (6);
    une deuxième couche polymérique (4) enveloppant ladite couche de renforcement (3),
    caractérisé en ce que la couche de renforcement (3) est formé d'une tresse à tissage dense, recouvrant entre 95% et 100% de la surface de la première couche polymérique (6).
  2. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 1, la couche de renforcement (3) comprenant des fibres aramides.
  3. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 1 ou 2, la couche de renforcement (3) n'étant pas chimiquement liée à la première et/ou la deuxième couche polymérique (4, 6).
  4. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, ledit conducteur central (1) étant un conducteur en faisceau.
  5. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant en plus au moins un conducteur non-central (1').
  6. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 4 ou 5, le câble comprenant au moins trois, de préférence six conducteurs non-centrals (1').
  7. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 4, 5 ou 6, le conducteur central (1) étant positionné au centre par rapport à l'axe du câble (10) et les conducteurs non-central (1') étant positionnés de manière symétrique autour le conducteur central (1).
  8. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 7, ledit conducteur central (1) et/ou lesdits conducteurs non-central (1') comprenant du cuivre et/ou de l'aluminium et/ou du zinc et/ou un polymère conducteur.
  9. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant un couche de ruban positionnée entre ladite couche de renforcement (3) et ladite deuxième couche polymérique (4).
  10. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, ladite première couche polymérique (6) et ladite deuxième couche polymérique (4) ayant des couleurs différentes.
  11. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, ladite deuxième couche polymérique (4) comprenant un additive antistatique.
  12. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant en plus un tuyau de démantèlement (8).
  13. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 12, le tuyau de démantèlement (8) étant arrangé à l'intérieur de l'écran électromagnétique (5).
  14. Câble (10) pour un ensemble d'entraînement par le haut selon la revendication 12 ou 13, le tuyau de démantèlement (8) comprenant un matériau polymérique.
EP15169612.7A 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 Cable Active EP3098819B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES15169612.7T ES2642175T3 (es) 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 Cable
EP15169612.7A EP3098819B1 (fr) 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 Cable

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15169612.7A EP3098819B1 (fr) 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 Cable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3098819A1 EP3098819A1 (fr) 2016-11-30
EP3098819B1 true EP3098819B1 (fr) 2017-07-05

Family

ID=53264590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15169612.7A Active EP3098819B1 (fr) 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 Cable

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3098819B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2642175T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107123474B (zh) * 2017-04-28 2018-10-30 四川川东电缆有限责任公司 一种机场用400hz中频低耗平衡软电缆及制造方法
DE102020000289B4 (de) 2020-01-18 2023-06-01 WKS-Industrievertretungen und Unternehmensberatung Wolfgang Kaufmann Elektrisches System zur Erhöhung des Schutzes gegen elektrischen Stromschlag durch neue Sicherheitsanschlußleitungen
EP4027355A1 (fr) * 2021-01-12 2022-07-13 Gebauer & Griller Kabelwerke Gesellschaft m.b.H. Câble

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5475185A (en) * 1992-04-01 1995-12-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Shielded cable
EP1555162A1 (fr) * 2004-01-14 2005-07-20 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Structure de montage d'un faisceau de câbles pour une porte
EP2567386B1 (fr) * 2010-05-03 2016-08-31 Draka Holding N.V. Câble d'alimentation pour système d'entraînement supérieur pour appareil de forage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3098819A1 (fr) 2016-11-30
ES2642175T3 (es) 2017-11-15

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