EP3095988A1 - Système de démarrage d'une unité d'alimentation auxiliaire pour un avion - Google Patents

Système de démarrage d'une unité d'alimentation auxiliaire pour un avion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3095988A1
EP3095988A1 EP15382255.6A EP15382255A EP3095988A1 EP 3095988 A1 EP3095988 A1 EP 3095988A1 EP 15382255 A EP15382255 A EP 15382255A EP 3095988 A1 EP3095988 A1 EP 3095988A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
auxiliary power
power unit
electric connection
power network
starter motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15382255.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alberto JUÁREZ BECERRIL
Mario MARCOS GARCIA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations SL
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations SL filed Critical Airbus Operations SL
Priority to EP15382255.6A priority Critical patent/EP3095988A1/fr
Priority to US15/156,619 priority patent/US9964044B2/en
Publication of EP3095988A1 publication Critical patent/EP3095988A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D19/00—Starting of machines or engines; Regulating, controlling, or safety means in connection therewith
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
    • F02C7/268—Starting drives for the rotor, acting directly on the rotor of the gas turbine to be started
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0803—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for initiating engine start or stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F02N2011/0874—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches characterised by said switch being an electronic switch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/50—Application for auxiliary power units (APU's)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a new auxiliary power unit starting system for an aircraft; in particular, for those aircrafts whose auxiliary power unit starting architecture uses a dedicated link between power source and the auxiliary power unit starter motor.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an auxiliary power unit starting system that minimizes the weight of conventional auxiliary power unit starting systems, at the same time that reduces associated costs, such as installation, recurrent and direct maintenance costs.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary power unit starting system that occupies less space than conventional auxiliary power unit starting systems, so that allows saving space when installed in the aircraft.
  • the auxiliary power unit is a gas turbine engine that supplies electrical and pneumatic power to the aircraft systems as an auxiliary or secondary source of power.
  • the APU allows the aircraft to be autonomous of external electrical and pneumatic power sources on ground and in-flight.
  • the APU is managed by the Electronic Control Box (ECB), a full-authority engine controller that monitors and provides full self-protection.
  • EBC Electronic Control Box
  • the APU turbomachinery is mounted in a dedicated fire compartment in the tail cone of the aircraft, the APU compartment, while the APU controller is traditionally installed in the pressurized fuselage.
  • the APU provides pneumatic power to permit main engine start and compressed air for the cabin comfort through the Environmental Control System (ECS). Electrical and pneumatic power can be provided to the aircraft separately or in combination. Electrical power has priority over pneumatic power.
  • ECS Environmental Control System
  • the APU turbomachinery is traditionally started by means of a starter motor, which is mounted in the gearbox.
  • the starter motor can be a DC starter motor or an AC starter motor.
  • the DC starter motor 3 is normally supplied by two different DC electrical power sources in parallel: battery and transformer rectifier unit (TRU). These two DC electrical power sources can be either shared between the APU 2 and any other aircraft system ( Figure 1 ), or dedicated to the APU starting system ( Figure 2 ).
  • Figure 1 shows a shared DC power network 4 that comprises a battery 18 and TRU 19.
  • Figure 2 shows two DC power networks 4a, 4b that comprise a battery 18a, 18b and TRU 19a, 19b respectively.
  • DC power network 4b is dedicated to the APU starting system, while DC power network 4a is used for any other aircraft system.
  • the nose fuselage power centre traditionally comprises an AC power network 6 supplied by an AC power source 24.
  • the AC power network 6 feeds the transformer rectifier unit 18 via an AC bus 21.
  • the current traditional architecture of the APU DC starting system shown in Figure 1 comprises a dedicated DC link 9 between the electrical distribution centre placed at the nose section 25 and the APU DC starter motor 3 placed at the APU compartment 26.
  • the dedicated DC link 9 connects the DC power network 4 with the DC starter motor 3.
  • the DC link 9 is connected to a DC bus 22 fed by both the transformer rectifier unit 18 and the battery 19.
  • the starting torque and corresponding electrical power required to start the APU are unavoidably very high.
  • battery 18b exclusively used to supply the APU DC starter motor 3 must be installed at the rear part of the aircraft 15, as close as possible to the APU compartment 26.
  • the DC power network 4a of the front part of the aircraft 15 is duplicated at the rear part of the aircraft 15.
  • the alternative APU DC starting architecture of Figure 2 comprises a dedicated AC link between the electrical distribution centre of the nose section and the duplicated DC power network 4b.
  • the dedicated AC link 27a connects the AC power source 24 by means of an AC bus 21, with the transformer rectifier unit 18b of the duplicated DC power network 4b.
  • the DC bus bar 22b of the duplicated DC power network 4b is connected to the APU DC starter motor 3.
  • the present invention overcomes the above mentioned drawbacks by providing an auxiliary power unit starting system, which simplifies conventional APU starting systems, at the same time that achieves a weight and cost reduction.
  • the invention refers to an auxiliary power unit starting system for an aircraft that comprises an auxiliary power unit, a DC power network, an AC power network, an electric connection line, and a control unit.
  • the auxiliary power unit comprises a starter motor for starting the auxiliary power unit, and a generator for providing AC power to an aircraft.
  • the DC power network is suitable for providing power to the starter motor.
  • the AC power network is suitable for receiving power from the generator.
  • the electric connection line is connectable between the generator and the AC power network for providing the generated power to the AC power network.
  • the control unit is configured to control the auxiliary power unit during an auxiliary power unit starting phase and an auxiliary power unit generating phase.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system additionally comprises switching means for alternatively connecting through the electric connection line the DC power network with the starter motor, and the AC power network with the generator, wherein the control unit is configured to operate the switching means to connect the DC power network with the starter motor during the auxiliary power unit starting phase, and the AC power network with the generator during the auxiliary power unit generating phase.
  • switching means for establishing alternative connections for the electric connection line, and configuring the control unit so as to operate these switching means to connect the DC power network with the starter motor during the auxiliary power unit starting phase, and the AC power network with the generator during the auxiliary power unit generating phase allows the invention only requiring to extend one electric connection line.
  • This unique electric connection line is used for both functionalities: providing power to the APU starter motor for starting the APU, and supplying the APU generated power to the AC power network once the turbomachinery has been started.
  • the use of only one electric connection line between the electrical distribution centre at the nose section and the APU starter motor achieves to simplify the APU starting system.
  • the invention achieves a significant weight reduction by dispensing with the dedicated link between the electrical distribution centre and the APU starter motor, and using only one electric connection line for the both purposes, starting the APU and receiving the APU generated power.
  • the invention enables saving space, thereby offering extra room for either harness routing for any other new or existing aircraft system, or placing any new or existing aircraft equipment's.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic view of an auxiliary power unit starting system 1 for an aircraft 15 according to the invention.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 of Figure 3 comprises an auxiliary power unit 2, comprising a DC starter motor 3 and a generator 5, and power means comprising a DC power network 4 and an AC power network 6.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 comprises an electric connection line 7 for connecting the generator 5 with the AC power network 6 in order to provide the auxiliary power unit generated power to the loads of the AC power network 6.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 additionally comprises switching means 10, 11 for connecting the DC power network 4 with the starter motor 3 during the auxiliary power unit starting phase, and the AC power network 6 with the generator 5 during the auxiliary power unit generating phase.
  • the system further comprises a control unit 8 configured to operate the switching means 10, 11 to provide such connections.
  • the invention does not modify the APU performance since connections between the APU and the power means occur at different times of the APU operation. This way, as traditionally, the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 will provide electric connection between the DC power network 4 and the starter motor 3, and between the AC power network 6 and the generator 5.
  • the invention allows removing the traditionally required dedicated link between the DC power network 4 and the starter motor 3. This way, the electric connection line 7 is used for both providing power to start the APU 2, and providing the generated power to the AC power network 6.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 of Figure 3 allows removing the DC feeders conventionally used by dedicated link between the DC power network 4 and the DC starter motor 3. This removal presents the following advantages:
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 of Figure 3 allows removing the duplicated DC power source of the rear section of the aircraft. This removal presents the following advantages:
  • the invention further allows maximizing commonality and reuse of components from the electrical architecture on existing aircrafts.
  • the switching means 10, 11 comprises first switching means 10 for selectively connecting the electric connection line 7 with the starter motor 3 or with the generator 5, and wherein the control unit 8 is configured to operate the first switching means 10 to connect the starter motor 3 during the auxiliary power unit starting phase, and the generator 5 during the auxiliary power unit generating phase.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 comprises a first additional line 16 connecting the starter motor 3 with the electric connection line 7, and wherein the first switching means 10 comprises a first contactor 12 provided in the electric connection line 7 and a second contactor 14 provided in the first additional line 16, and wherein the control unit 8 is configured to operate the first and second contactors 12, 14 to selectively connect the electric connection line 7 with the generator 5 or with the starter motor 3.
  • the switching means 10, 11 further comprises second switching means 11 for selectively connecting the electric connection line 7 with the AC power network 6 or with the DC power network 4, and wherein the control unit 8 is configured to operate the second switching means 11 to connect the DC power network 4 during the auxiliary power unit starting phase, and the AC power network 6 during the auxiliary power unit generating phase.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 comprises a second additional line 17 connecting the DC power network 4 to the electric connection line 7, and wherein the second switching means 11 comprises a third contactor 13 provided in the electric connection line 7 and a fourth contactor 15 provided in the second additional line 17, and wherein the control unit 8 is configured to operate the third and fourth contactors 13, 15 to selectively connect the electric connection line 7 with the AC power network 6 and the DC power network 4.
  • control unit 8 commands both fourth contactor 15 and second contactor 14 to close position.
  • third contactor 13 and first contactor 12 are kept in open position in order to isolate AC power network 6 from DC power network 4, and APU generator 5 from APU starter motor 3.
  • the APU starter motor 3 is disengaged, and therefore the control unit 8 commands both fourth contactor 15 and second contactor 14 to open.
  • control unit 8 commands both third contactor 13 and first contactor 12 to close position. At the same time, fourth contactor 15 and second contactor 14 are kept in open position.
  • the DC power network 4 comprises a battery 19 for supplying DC power to the starter motor 3. Additionally, the DC power network 4 also comprises a transformer rectifier unit 18 connected to the AC power network 6 for alternatively supplying DC power from an AC power source 24 to the starter motor 3. These two power sources (battery 19 and transformer rectifier unit 18) can be used separately or connected in parallel depending on the given electrical configuration of the aircraft during the APU starting phase.
  • the auxiliary power unit generator 5 and the electric connection line 7 are connected by means of one or several phases during the auxiliary power unit generating phase.
  • the electric connection line 7 may comprise one or several wires per phase of the generator 5.
  • the proposed solution ( Figure 3 ) could make use of any combination and number of wires from the electric connection line 7 that is considered most convenient so as to minimize the losses and the voltage drop at the APU starter input.
  • the auxiliary power unit starting system 1 is further configured to detect a wire failure or damage. This monitoring prevents an inadvertent overcurrent on the remaining AC feeder wires from the electric connection line 7 during said APU starting phase.
  • the switching means 10, 11 comprises contactors 12, 13, 14, 15 configured as interlocking devices to prevent simultaneous connection. If required for redundancy reasons, switching means 10, 11 may comprise several contactors in series on the electric connection line 7, the first additional line 16, and the second additional line 17.
  • Interlocking devices mechanically prevent one of the contactors from closing while the other is closed.
  • the control unit 8 will monitor the status of the contactors in order to appropriately command them to the fail-safe position in case of failure, providing a back-up protection. That will avoid interconnection between AC and DC networks, and APU generator from APU starter motor.
  • the invention further comprises an aircraft comprising the auxiliary power unit starting system as described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
EP15382255.6A 2015-05-18 2015-05-18 Système de démarrage d'une unité d'alimentation auxiliaire pour un avion Withdrawn EP3095988A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15382255.6A EP3095988A1 (fr) 2015-05-18 2015-05-18 Système de démarrage d'une unité d'alimentation auxiliaire pour un avion
US15/156,619 US9964044B2 (en) 2015-05-18 2016-05-17 Auxiliary power unit starting system for an aircraft

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15382255.6A EP3095988A1 (fr) 2015-05-18 2015-05-18 Système de démarrage d'une unité d'alimentation auxiliaire pour un avion

Publications (1)

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EP3095988A1 true EP3095988A1 (fr) 2016-11-23

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EP15382255.6A Withdrawn EP3095988A1 (fr) 2015-05-18 2015-05-18 Système de démarrage d'une unité d'alimentation auxiliaire pour un avion

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US (1) US9964044B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3095988A1 (fr)

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CN111746806A (zh) * 2020-06-15 2020-10-09 西安爱生技术集团公司 一种无人机启发系统及一体控制方法

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FR3079820B1 (fr) * 2018-04-09 2020-04-17 Safran Electrical & Power Systeme et procede de demarrage/generation pour turbomachine d'aeronef
FR3093870B1 (fr) * 2019-03-15 2021-04-02 Safran Electrical & Power Système de commande d’un réseau électrique d’avion
US10855214B2 (en) * 2019-04-09 2020-12-01 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Electrical powertrain for aircraft
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CN111746806B (zh) * 2020-06-15 2023-06-23 西安爱生技术集团公司 一种无人机启发系统及一体控制方法

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Publication number Publication date
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US20160341128A1 (en) 2016-11-24

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