EP3083153B1 - Driving device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a tacker according to the preamble of claim 1.

Hand-held driving devices with propellant charge are known from the prior art, in which after ignition of a pyrotechnic charge, the resulting fuel gases expand in a combustion chamber. As a result, a piston is accelerated as energy transfer means and drives a fastener into a workpiece.

A known pyrotechnic tacker is sold under the designation DX 36 by Hilti Corporation, Schaan, Liechtenstein. In this device, the driving force of a piston can be reduced if necessary by controlled presentation of the starting position of the piston in a combustion chamber. For this purpose, a setting wheel is provided on the device, which is laterally offset from a central axis of the piston in a respect to the driving direction rear portion of the device.

Further, the DX 36 is a type of driver without automatic piston return. In the device DX 36, the piston is moved after a driving operation by a manual Repetierbewegung in a start position. For this purpose, in a first section of the repeating movement, a piston guide is pushed forward together with the piston in the drive-in direction until a defined stop stops this movement. In a second section of the repeating movement, the piston guide is pushed in the opposite direction to the rear until the piston guide reaches a defined rear stop.

In the device DX 36, the piston is spent by the first part of the repeating movement in a rear position in the piston guide, which is a start position with maximum Driving energy corresponds. In the course of the second portion of the repeating movement, the piston member can be adjusted if necessary by an adjustable stop to an imagined start position relative to the piston guide. A similar tacker is also off US 4,877,171 known. It is the object of the invention to provide a tacker that allows easy adjustment of a driving energy given a propellant charge.
This object is achieved according to the invention for a drive-in device mentioned above with the characterizing features of claim 1. Due to the pivotability of the control panel about the central axis is a simple adjustment at the same time effective visual control of the set value achievable. Such an arrangement also allows easy adjustment even under unfavorable conditions such as wearing work gloves.
A central axis in the sense of the invention is an axis at least parallel to the movement of the fastening element, which runs through a center of the combustion chamber. Preferably, the central axis extends through both the center of the combustion chamber and through a center of the fastener.
The control panel may be any suitable means for manual adjustment, such as a rotatable sleeve, a pivotable knob, or the like.
A pivoting of the operating part about the central axis means a substantially perpendicular to the axis oriented deflection of the control panel from a previous position. A movement line or trajectory of the operating part has a radius of curvature, which is preferably not smaller than a distance of the operating part from the central axis. Preferably, but not necessarily, the pivoting is a rotation about the central axis.
In the context of the invention, a driving energy is understood to mean the kinetic energy of a given fastening means for a given propellant charge. Given these boundary conditions, it is possible by the actuator to adjust the resulting driving energy of the fastener adjustable.

A piston member according to the invention is any means which is acted upon by the ignition of the charge with kinetic energy, wherein the kinetic energy is ultimately transferred to the fastening means. Often the piston member is designed as a particular cylindrical piston. In the piston head recesses or other structures may be provided which further promote turbulence and uniform expansion of the fuel gases.

Under a fastener according to the invention is generally understood any retractable anchoring, such as nail, bolt or screw understood.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control unit is coupled via a mechanical positive control with an adjustable in the direction of the central axis stop member. In a simple way, this allows an ergonomically preferred adjustment of the operating part, in particular with large adjustment paths, to be converted into a corresponding axial adjustment of the abutment part. The axial adjustment of the stop member may serve depending on the mechanical design of an adjustable stop of the piston member or a guide of the piston member, whereby a total of an imaginary position of the piston member is achieved. For reliable and simple realization, such a forced control may preferably comprise a slide track and a sliding block running in the slide track.

In a generally preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the piston member is movably received in a preferably comprising the combustion chamber piston guide, wherein the piston guide is received axially displaceable relative to the hand-held housing of the tacker. Such a design allows, inter alia, a repeating movement to manual return of the piston member. The sequence of the repeating movement by the operator can be carried out, for example, as in the input device DX 36 of the Hilti Corporation described in the introduction.

In a preferred development, a distance between a first, acting on the piston guide stop member and a second, acting on the piston member stop member is adjustably adjustable by the actuator. By this positioning of the abutment parts to each other can then be achieved on the expiration of a provision of the piston member a defined idea of the starting position of the piston member in a simple manner. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is included provided that the two stop members act in the same direction on the piston member and on the piston guide. As a result, a mechanical realization of a tacker according to the invention is made possible in a simple and reliable manner.

In a preferred detailed design, the definition of the starting position of the piston member relative to the piston guide in the course of a pull-out movement of the piston guide takes place forward in the driving direction. In a subsequent, second section of a repeating movement, the piston guide is then moved with the piston member already defined presented in a rear starting position for the driving operation. This functional sequence in the course of the repeating movement is particularly easy to combine with an inventive design of the control panel.

Generally advantageously, the operating part is designed as an annular sleeve, wherein the sleeve surrounds the central axis. To adjust the driving energy then the sleeve can be rotated in several different positions, wherein at least two different positions are assigned to two different drive energies. For advantageous operation, the sleeve can be held by means of a locking member in at least one defined position. Such defined positions may be a maintenance position or a defined position for changing the driving energy.

An inventive control panel and in particular a sleeve described above can be arranged to optimize the ergonomics of the device in a front area in front of a handle of the device. This can result in arrangement and design of the control panel an advantageous analogy to known controls of hand-held drills and / or cordless screwdrivers. The controls of such devices are used according to other purposes, such as a torque adjustment or a change from screwing to hammer operation in a percussion drill.

In a generally advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control panel can also be used for an additional function to the energy setting. In a preferred embodiment, a disassembly of the piston member by the control panel is releasably lockable. Pyrotechnic powered tackle must be dismantled regularly for cleaning and maintenance purposes, usually the piston member is removed from the device to allow cleaning of piston member and combustion chamber.

In a preferred detailed design, a locking member blocking the piston member can be unlocked in only one of a plurality of positions of the control panel. By unlocking the latch member then the latch member can be solved a disassembly of the device and a removal of the piston member done.

In a simple implementation, the control panel has a recess, wherein the locking member is movable in the radial direction when the locking member is covered with the recess. The radial deflection of the locking member then allows removal of the piston member and / or its leadership.

In particular, the locking member in the locked position at the same time provide the function of a stop for the piston member or the piston guide, with a particular manual provision of the piston member takes place with the cooperation of the stop.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine räumliche Gesamtansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Eintreibgerätes.

Fig. 2

zeigt eine räumliche Detailansicht des Eintreibgerätes aus Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

zeigt weitere eine räumliche Detailansicht des Eintreibgerätes aus Fig. 1 mit einem Bedienteil in einer Wartungsstellung.

Fig. 4

zeigt eine andere räumliche Detailansicht des Eintreibgerätes aus Fig. 1 mit einem Bedienteil in einer Stellung maximaler Eintreibenergie, wobei eine äußere Abdeckung des Bedienteils weggelassen wurde.

Fig. 5

zeigt eine teilweise Schnittansicht durch das Eintreibgerät aus Fig. 1 bei Einstellung einer maximalen Eintreibenergie.

Fig. 6

zeigt die Schnittansicht aus Fig. 5 bei Einstellung einer minimalen Eintreibenergie.

Fig. 7

zeigt die Schnittansicht aus Fig. 5 bei einer Wartungsstellung des Bedienteils mit einem gelösten Riegelglied und entnommenem Kolbenglied.

Fig. 8

zeigt eine räumliche Detailansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung.

Fig. 9

zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiels aus Fig. 8 mit einem Bedienteil in einer Wartungsposition.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the embodiment and from the dependent claims. Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

shows a general view of a Eintreibgerätes invention.

Fig. 2

shows a spatial detail of the tacker Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 3

further shows a detailed spatial view of the tacker Fig. 1 with a control panel in a maintenance position.

Fig. 4

shows another spatial detail of the tacker Fig. 1 with a control panel in a position of maximum driving energy, wherein an outer cover of the control panel has been omitted.

Fig. 5

shows a partial sectional view through the tacker Fig. 1 when setting a maximum driving energy.

Fig. 6

shows the sectional view Fig. 5 when setting a minimum driving energy.

Fig. 7

shows the sectional view Fig. 5 at a maintenance position of the control panel with a released latch member and removed piston member.

Fig. 8

shows a detailed spatial view of another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9

shows the embodiment Fig. 8 with a control panel in a maintenance position.

A drive-in device according to the invention comprises a hand-guided housing 1, in which a piston member in the form of a piston 2 is accommodated. A surface 2a of the piston 2 defines a combustion chamber 3 in which the combustion gases of a pyrotechnic charge expand to accelerate the piston 2.

The so acted upon by kinetic energy piston 2 hits with an end-side plunger on a fastener (not shown), which is thereby driven into a workpiece.

The charge is presently received in a cartridge made of sheet metal. The cartridge has an impact fuze and is inserted into a cartridge bearing 4 before ignition via a corresponding loading mechanism. The cartridge and the cartridge bearing 4 are rotationally symmetrical about a central axis A. The central axis A is in the present examples at the same time a central axis of the combustion chamber 3 and the piston member. 2

The combustion chamber 3 is arranged between a circular opening 4a of the cartridge bearing 4 and the surface 2a of the piston 2. In the present case, a depression 2b is formed in the piston 2, which contributes to a better turbulence of the combustion gases and forms part of the boundary of the combustion chamber 3.

The combustion chamber 3 with the cartridge bearing 4 is part of a piston guide 5. The piston guide 5 is formed as a linearly displaceable in the housing 1 of the tacker along the axis component. The piston member 2 is in turn displaceable in the piston guide 5 linearly along the central axis A.

The Kobenführung is formed in its front portion substantially as a hollow cylindrical element, wherein from one end of the region of the combustion chamber 3, a slit 6 is provided in the wall of the piston guide 5.

A front end of the piston guide 5 is releasably connected to a receptacle for the fastening means (not shown). This shot may be as one depending on use be formed different module. A connection of the receptacle with the piston guide can be made via a clamp which engages in a recess 7 at a front end of the piston guide 5.

A first abutment part 8 protrudes into the slot 6 in the radial direction. The stop member 8 serves as a front stop for the piston member 2 in the course of a manual piston return or a two-stage repeating movement. On the other hand, the stop member 8 serves as a locking member, wherein disassembly of the piston member 2 and piston guide 5 is prevented by the locking member in the closed state.

A second stop member 9 also protrudes in the radial direction of the housing 1 inwardly, wherein a chamfer 5a cooperates as a stop on the piston guide with the second stop member 9. The second stop member 9 also acts as a releasable locking member, is prevented by the removal of the piston guide 5 from the housing 1 in the closed state.

In the present design of a manual piston return, it makes sense to form stop parts in duplicate function as detachable latch parts for disassembly of the device. Other versions of input devices may also be different components in each case.

A distance d between the abutment parts 8, 9 can be variably changed by means of a control part 10, wherein a starting position of the piston member 2 relative to the piston guide 5 or the combustion chamber 3 is variable by the size of the distance d.

Furthermore, the stop members 8, 9 can be released in a maintenance position of the control unit 10 for a radial movement to the outside and thus unlocking, whereas they are blocked in other positions of the control panel 10 in the radial direction. For this purpose, the control unit has 10 recesses 10a, 10b, in which engage the latch members or stop members 8, 9 at a corresponding position of the control panel 10. This is illustrated by a comparison of the maintenance position in Fig. 7 with a normal operating position in Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 ,

In the present case, the operating part 10 is designed as a rotatable, annular sleeve which is arranged substantially concentrically around the central axis A in a front region of the housing 1 of the tacking device.

In the sleeve 10, a slide track 11 is formed. A sliding block 12 is movably mounted only in the axial direction and engages with a pin 12a from below into the slide track 11. In a pivoting or present twisting of the sleeve 10 about the central axis A of the sliding block is forcibly changed in its axial position.

The second stop member 9 is connected to the sliding block 12 and is adjusted accordingly with the sliding block in the axial direction. Overall, the slide track 11 and the sliding block 12 thus form a mechanical positive control for the axial adjustment of the stop member 9.

• Nach einem Eintreibvorgang befindet sich das Kolbenglied in einer teilweise undefinierten, jedoch weitgehend nach vorne verschobenen Position. Die Kolbenführung 5 befindet sich in einer maximal nach hinten in das Eintreibgerät hinein geschobenen Position. Die Begriffe "vorne" und "hinten" werden vorliegend immer in Bezug auf die Eintreibrichtung gewählt.

The stop members 8, 9, together with the operating part 10 and the positive control 11, 12 an actuator for changing the starting position of the piston member 2, whereby an adjustable reduction of the driving energy of the piston member is achieved in comparison to a maximum rear starting position of the piston member in the combustion chamber 3 , This adjustment works as follows:

• After a Eintreibvorgang the piston member is in a partially undefined, but largely shifted forward position. The piston guide 5 is located in a maximally pushed back into the tacker in position. In the present case, the terms "front" and "rear" are always selected with reference to the driving direction.

Then, in preparation for the next driving operation, the desired driving energy is set as the energy level marked on the operating part by rotating the sleeve 10. This leads via the positive control described above to a selected axial positioning of the second stop member 9. The first stop member 8 is not adjustable in the axial direction in the present embodiment.

Subsequently, as the first portion of a repeating movement, the piston guide is pulled out of the housing to the front. In this case, first the piston member 2 is moved along until it abuts against the first stop member 8. From this point on, the piston guide is also moved relative to the piston member 2, until it in turn strikes in the same stop direction on the second stop member 9. By the previously made setting of the distance d is now a defined presented (or even backward Asked) starting position of the piston member 2 in the combustion chamber 3 given.

Subsequently, the piston guide 5 is inserted in the opposite direction back into the device until it has reached a starting position for the next Eintriebvorgang. During this second portion of the repeating movement, the piston member is no longer moved relative to the piston guide. By another, in principle previously known mechanics, a propellant charge is introduced into the cartridge bearing 4 and the device is ready for the next driving operation.

Apart from this idea of the starting position of the piston member also a further function can be perceived by the control panel 10. These are the in Fig. 3 and Fig. 7 shown maintenance position of the sleeve 10. In this maintenance position piston member 2 and piston guide 5 can be removed from the housing 1 to check the parts, replace or clean.

For this purpose, the sleeve-shaped operating part 10 has the first recess 10a, which is formed as an opening, and the second recess 10b, which is formed as a cavity. To the cavity can connect laterally a ramp, whereby the second stop member 9 can be pushed back radially inwardly after assembly.

In the corresponding maintenance position, the stop members or locking members 8, 9 are no longer blocked in a radial movement, but can be pressed by bevels in the course of a withdrawal of piston member 2 and piston guide 5 radially outward (see Fig. 3 . Fig. 7 ). In these positions, the latch members 8, 9 are unlocked.

The second locking member 9 is further secured by the sleeve 10 from falling out to the outside. The first locking member 9 performs a larger stroke in the radial direction and is secured by an open spring ring 13, which passes through a slot 8a in the locking member 8.

According to the second embodiment Fig. 8 is on the sleeve formed as a control part 10, a locking member 14 is provided by means of which the sleeve 10 is held in a latching manner in different defined rotational positions. From these positions, the sleeve can be adjusted by overcoming the locking force.

For locking the locking member has a spring tongue 15 which engages with a projection in a peripheral locking gate 16 of the sleeve 10. The spring force of the spring tongue 15 acts in the axial direction.

In another embodiment, not shown, a radially acting detent spring may engage a radially directed detent gate of the sleeve 10. Such locks are known, for example, in sleeves for adjusting torque in drills.

In the in the FIGS. 8 and 9 shown variant is a simplified version that provides no adjustment of the driving energy. For this reason, the sleeve has only two locked positions, namely a maintenance position ( Fig. 9 ) and an operating position ( Figure 8 ). In the maintenance position according to Fig. 9 is the released latch member 8 analogous to the first example in Fig. 3 pushed out radially. This takes place in the course of disassembly of piston member 2 and piston guide 5 by the interaction of the components with the locking member 8 via respective beveled surfaces 5a.

In an embodiment according to the invention, as in the first embodiment, a slide track 11 and a sliding block 12 are provided below the rotatable sleeve 10 as a control part, by means of which the second stop part 9 is adjusted in the axial direction. Accordingly, a variant according to the invention expediently has further latching positions, which in particular can correspond to discrete, preselectable energy settings.

Claims (10)

1. Driving device, comprising
   a hand-held housing (1) with a piston element (2) for transferring energy to a fastening element to be driven accommodated in it,
   a preferably changeable propellant,
   a combustion chamber (3) arranged between the propellant and the piston element (2), which extends preferably around a central axis (A), and
   a control element (8, 9, 10, 11, 12), by means of which a starting position of the piston element (2) may be changed for changing the energy transferred from the propellant to the piston element (2) in an adjustable way,
   in which the control element (8, 9, 10, 11, 12) has an operating part (10) that may be swivelled around the central axis (A),
   characterised in that
   disassembly of the piston element (2) may be locked through the operating part so that it may be released, in that a locking element (8) locking the piston element may be unlocked in only one of several positions of the operating part (10).
2. Driving device according to claim 1, characterised in that the operating part (10) is connected to a stop part (9) that may be controlled in the direction of the central axis (a) through a mechanical forced control (11, 12).
3. Driving device according to claim 2, characterised in that the forced control (11, 12) comprises a sliding track (11) and a slider (12) running in the sliding track.
4. Driving device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the piston element (2) is accommodated in a piston guide (5), particularly comprising the combustion chamber (3), so that it may move, in which the piston guide (5) is accommodated so that it may be moved axially with regard to the hand-held housing (1) of the driving device.
5. Driving device according to claim 4, characterised in that a distance (d) between a first stop part (9) acting on the piston guide (5) and a second stop part (8) acting on the piston guide (2) may be controlled in an adjustable way through the control element (8, 9, 10, 11,12).
6. Driving device according to claim 5, characterised in that both stop parts (8, 9) act in the same direction on the piston element (2) and on the piston guide (5).
7. Driving device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the starting position of the piston element (2) in relation to the piston guide (5) is established in the course of a movement pulling out the piston guide (5) forwards in the driving direction.
8. Driving device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the operating part (10) is made as an annular sleeve, in which the sleeve surrounds the central axis (A).
9. Driving device according to claim 8, characterised in that the sleeve is held in at least one defined position by means of a latching element.
10. Driving device according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the operating part (10) has a recess (10a), in which the locking element (8) may move in a radial direction when the locking element (8) is covered with the recess (10a).

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