EP3069592B1 - Sowing machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a seed drill for near-surface spreading of seed according to the preamble of claim 1.

Seeders are known, which are designed to spread seed superficially by means of broad seed. Such a seed may for example be provided for a lawn, which should not be introduced into the ground. Here it is known by means of prongs, for example in a harrow or a Striegler, scratch the soil on the surface before the seed is applied to improve the result of sowing.

The disadvantage of this is that the quality of tillage or the wear of the machine depends heavily on the nature of the soil. For bumps or large stones, only a few tines are in contact with the ground. Also, the ground contact is often bad when cornering. Furthermore, stones can damage the tines, whereby the wear of the seeder is high in stony soils.

From the EP 0 280 958 A1 is a seed drill known in which just behind the wheel a vertical and spring-loaded lever is arranged. At the free tip of the lever a share tip and a seed outlet are arranged.

From the EP 2 742 787 A1 is a drill with Hackscharen known with the openings of the seed outlets are directed downwards.

From the US 2007/245939 A1 a seed drill is known, wherein seed lines are connected to the tines of a harrow. The tines of the harrow are resiliently attached to the tine carriers by means of leg springs.

From the GB 2 400 296 A is a drill with Hackscharen known with the openings of the seed outlets are directed downwards.

From the US 4,265,186 A is a seeder with a variety of, designed as curved tubes seed outlets known.

From the EP 3 053 426 A1 is known an application crowd with Scharspitzen. The share tip penetrates the soil for a given depth to deposit seed from the seed outlet within the soil.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a sowing machine of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, which has a low wear and optimal soil tillage guaranteed even on uneven ground.

This is achieved by the features of claim 1 according to the invention.

This has the advantage that an optimal tillage for the application of seeds such as grass for a lawn can be provided, the wear can be kept low and which works well even on uneven ground. Here, the tines are pressed by the springs with a predefined contact pressure on the ground, whereby the conditions are well specified. Furthermore, the bumps can be well compensated by the springs and the tines can also move sideways stones. As a result, the wear is substantially reduced, especially since no further moving parts are necessary. As the tines slide superficially over the ground, fuel consumption is also reduced and cornering easier.

The subclaims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

It is hereby expressly referred to the wording of the claims, whereby the claims at this point are incorporated by reference into the description and are considered to be reproduced verbatim.

• Fig. 1 eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Sämaschine in einer axonometrischen Darstellung;
• Fig. 2 die bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Sämaschine in Seitenansicht;
• Fig. 3 ein Detail der bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Sämaschine in einer axonometrischen Darstellung;
• Fig. 4 eine Zinke der bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Sämaschine in Fahrtrichtung betrachtet;
• Fig. 5 die Zinke der bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Sämaschine in Seitenansicht; und
• Fig. 6 die Zinke der bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Sämaschine gegen die Fahrtrichtung betrachtet.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only a preferred embodiment is shown by way of example. Showing:

• Fig. 1 a preferred embodiment of a drill in an axonometric representation;
• Fig. 2 the preferred embodiment of a drill in side view;
• Fig. 3 a detail of the preferred embodiment of a drill in an axonometric view;
• Fig. 4 considered a tine of the preferred embodiment of a drill in the direction of travel;
• Fig. 5 the prong of the preferred embodiment of a drill in side view; and
• Fig. 6 considered the tine of the preferred embodiment of a seeder against the direction of travel.

The Fig. 1 to 6 show at least parts of a drill 1 for near-surface spreading of seeds, comprising a Seedsausbringungsvorrichtung and at least one tine carrier 2, wherein the tine carrier 2, a plurality of prongs 3 are connected for scratching a soil.

A seeder 1 is a device for sowing seeds. It is provided that the seed drill 1 is designed to apply seed only near the surface and not to introduce directly into the ground. The near-surface spreading can be done in particular by the fact that the seed after sowing not from the ground is covered. Such a seed may in particular be seed for a lawn, preferably a control seed mixture. Such seed is often spread by means of broad seed.

The seed drill 1 has a seed application device, which has a seed hopper 5. The seed hopper 5 may be connected to a distribution device for discharging the seed.

The drill 1 further has a tine carrier 2, with which a plurality of prongs 3 are connected. The tines 3 are elongated bodies, preferably of metal, which are intended to be in contact with the ground at a free end in order to scratch it.

It is provided that, at least in the case of a plurality of tines 3, preferably all tines 3, a spring 4 is arranged between the tine and the tine carrier 2. A spring 4 is a machine element with the property to deform elastically under the action of external forces and deliver the work thereby taken in the discharge by spring back again. By the spring 4, the prong 3 is sprung connected to the tine carrier 2.

This has the advantage that an optimal tillage for the application of seeds such as grass for a lawn can be provided, the wear can be kept low and which works well even on uneven ground. Here, the tines 3 are pressed by the springs 4 with a predefined contact pressure on the ground, whereby the conditions are well specified. Furthermore, 4 bumps can be well compensated by the springs and the tines 3 can also move sideways stones. As a result, the wear is substantially reduced, especially since no further moving parts are necessary. As the tines 3 slide superficially on the ground and the fuel consumption is reduced cornering is facilitated.

The prong 3 may be connected in particular via the spring 4 with the tine carrier 2.

The prong 3 may preferably form a tine unit together with the spring 4, which in particular may be formed in one piece.

Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the spring 4 is a leg spring. The leg spring may in particular have at least three turns. By the leg spring 3, a defined contact pressure can be ensured even with a large deflection of the tine.

The prong 3 and the spring 4 may be formed in particular from one piece. In particular, the prong 3 and the spring 4 may be formed from a wire, wherein the wire is wound to form the spring 4.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the prong 3 is made of spring steel.

Alternatively it can be provided that the spring 4 is formed as an elastic plastic body, and that the prong is connected via the elastic plastic body with the tine carrier 2.

According to an embodiment, not shown may further be provided that the prong 3 is pivotally connected to the tine carrier 2, and that the spring 4 is formed as a suspension of the articulated connection of tine 3 and tine carrier 2.

Preferably, it can be provided that the spring 4 allows a deflection of up to 60 ° in one direction.

The drill 1 may be designed in particular as a trailer, as shown in Fig. 1 and 2 is shown. In this case, the seed drill 1 can be attached by means of a coupling 13 to a towing vehicle.

Alternatively, the drill 1 can also be designed as an attachment, for example for a three-point suspension, or as a self-propelled machine.

The tine carrier 2 may in particular have cross members 16, the tines 3, in particular the tine units, being connected to the cross member 16. In particular, a plurality of mutually parallel cross member 16 may be provided.

The tine unit may in particular have a lug at a first end, and be attached to the tine 2 with the eyelet.

In particular, the prong 3 can be detachably connected, preferably by means of a screw connection, to the tine carrier 2. As a result, damaged prongs 3 can be easily replaced. Furthermore, already existing seeders 1 can be easily converted.

It is provided that the seed application device has a seed hopper 5, that the seed hopper 5 is connected via seed lines 6 with seed line outlets 7, and that at least one seed line outlet 7 is attached to one of the tines 3. The seed lines 6 are in the Fig. 1 and 2 not, and in Fig. 3 only partially shown. By arranging the Saatgutleitungsauslässe 7 on the tines 3, the seed can be stored directly on the processed soil. Another advantage is that the success in overseeding over an existing lawn significantly increased and thereby the seed requirement can be reduced. When over-sown with an existing lawn is usually the problem that direct sowing method by the associated destruction of the existing lawn are not possible, which is why usually a wide seed occurs. In the case of broad seed, however, a large proportion of the seed remains on the existing plant cover, which is thereby lost. By means of the seed line outlets 7 connected to the presettable sprung tines 3, the seed can now be applied directly to the ground under the plant cover, whereby, however, an already existing lawn is not destroyed. The seed is still only superficially deposited on the ground and not injected into it. As a result, existing lawns whose vegetation density may decrease over time can simply be reseeded, with the lawns being walkable again immediately after sowing. Furthermore, this makes the application process wind-independent.

The seed line outlet 7 can in particular be screwed or welded to the tine 3.

The seed line outlet 7 may in particular be made of metal, preferably steel.

Alternatively, the seed line outlet 7 may be made of plastic in particular.

The drill 1 may have a designated direction of travel. The direction of travel here corresponds to the direction of a straight ahead. The intended direction of travel can be determined in particular by the position of the clutch 13, which is arranged in the direction of travel. Furthermore, preferably wheels 20 of the drill 1 can determine the direction of travel.

In particular, it can be provided that the seed line outlet 7 is arranged on a side of the tine 3 facing away from the direction of travel. This is exemplary in the 4 to 6 shown.

In particular, one end of the seed line outlet 7 may be substantially at the same height as the free end of the tine 3.

The end of Saatgutleitungsauslasses 7 may be formed in particular bevelled.

It can preferably be provided that an outer width of the seed line outlet 7 is substantially equal to the width of the tine 3. As a result, the seed line outlet 7 is protected from damage by the tine 3.

It is envisaged that the at least one Saatgutleitungsauslass 7 on a side facing away from the prong 3 has a slot 8. The slot 8 extends substantially parallel to the prong 3. The slot 8 may in particular have a length of at least 5 cm. Through the slot 8, the seed can easily slide out of the seed line outlet 7, whereby the likelihood of blockage of the seed line outlet 7 can be reduced.

In particular, it can be provided that a seed line branch 14 is arranged on the tine carrier 2, that the seed line branch 14 is connected on the input side to the seed container 5, and that the seed line branch 14 is connected on the output side to a plurality of seed line outlets 7. Here, the seed lines 6 in the main lines, not shown, which lead main lines from the seed hopper 5 to the seed line branches 14, and secondary lines leading from the seed line branches 14 to the individual seed line outlets 7. As a result, the number of seed lines 6 can be kept low. In Fig. 1 only the seed line branch 14 of a tine carrier 2 are provided with reference numerals.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the seed application device has at least one baffle plate 15. As a result, the seed can be spread as needed by means of the baffle plate 15 as a wide seed.

Particularly preferably, it may be provided that the seed lines 6, in particular the main lines, are designed to be repositioned. In particular, the seed lines 6 may be formed releasably secured. Preferably, the main lines of the seed lines 6 can be detachably connected to the seed line branches 14, whereby they can be removed from the seed line branches 14 and attached to the baffle plates 15. In this way, the seed drill can be easily formed, wherein the change from sowing via the Saatgutleitungsauslässen 7 to a wide seed on the baffle plates 15 can be done quickly and easily.

Preferably, it can be provided that the at least one tine carrier 2 is movably connected to a support frame 9 of the seed drill 1. The support frame 9 may in this case be a frame, box girder or the like, which constitutes a supporting body of the seed drill 1. On the support frame 9, the clutch 13 may be attached. This allows the tine carrier 2 better follow the shape of the soil.

Preferably, it can be provided that the tine carrier 2 is connected via a rotary joint 17 to the support frame 9, wherein an axis of rotation of the rotary joint 17 is arranged substantially parallel to the intended direction of travel.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the tine carrier 2 is connected via a holding device 18 to the support frame 9, and that the holding device 18 has at both ends a hinge 17 with parallel axes of rotation. As a result, the tine carrier 2 can raise and lower without being transverse to the direction of travel tilt.

In particular, it can be provided that 9 tine carriers 2 are arranged on both sides of the support frame. As shown in the preferred embodiment can be provided that two independently movable tine carrier 2 are provided.

In particular, it may be provided that - viewed in the direction of travel - at least one leveling rail 10 is arranged in front of the tines 3. In straight travel of the drill 1 can thus be straightened piles of earth on the ground.

The leveling rail 10 may be fastened in particular to the tine carrier 2.

It can preferably be provided that the leveling rail 10 extends over an entire length of the tine carrier 2.

Particularly preferably, it may be provided that the tine carrier 2 comprises a first part 22 and a second part 24, which is connected to the first part 22 via a, in particular sprung, adjusting device 23, that the first part 22 has a ground contact device 19 at a distance of the first part 22 to keep constant to a floor, and that the prongs 3 are connected to the second part 24. By means of the adjusting device 23, the position of the second part 24 with the prongs 3 can be predefined relative to the first part 22, which first part keeps a constant distance to the ground via the ground contact device 19. As a result, the contact pressure of the tines 3 on the bottom of the adjusting device 23 can be easily adjusted. In Fig. 3 only the second part 24 of the tine carrier and a part of the adjusting device 23 is shown.

The ground contact device 19 may in particular comprise sensing wheels.

Alternatively, the ground contact device 19 may comprise fixed runners.

The adjusting device 23 may be designed in particular as a parallelogram, whereby the orientation of the first part 22 to the second part 24 remains constant.

The adjusting device 23 may be formed in particular sprung. In this case, a rest position of the first part 22 to the second part 24 of the adjusting device 23 can be set in a predeterminable manner, wherein the adjusting device 23 can spring-suspended swing about the rest position.

Alternatively, the adjusting device 23 can be fixed, that is unsprung.

The leveling rail 10 may in particular be attached to the tine carrier 2, preferably on the first part 22 of the tine carrier 2.

Particularly preferably, it can be provided that - as seen in the direction of travel - a leveling roller 11 is arranged below the tines 3. In particular, the leveling roller 11 can press the applied seed to the ground and thus ensure a good ground contact of the seed.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the leveling roller 11 is releasably secured to a suspension 12, in particular with a three-point suspension, the drill 1. The suspension 12 may be connected to the support frame 9. As a result, the leveler 11 can be suspended if necessary, whereby the weight of the drill 1 kept low and the cornering behavior of the drill 1 can be improved.

Claims (8)

1. A seed drill (1) for the surface-proximal dispensing of seeds, comprising a seed dispensing device and at least one tine support (2), wherein a plurality of tines (3) for scratching open ground are connected to the tine support (2), wherein a spring (4) is arranged between the tine and the tine support (2) at least in the case of a plurality of the tines (3), wherein the seed dispensing device has a seed container (5), wherein the seed container (5) is connected via seed lines (6) to seed line outlets (7), and wherein at least one seed line outlet (7) is attached to one of the tines (3), wherein the at least one seed line outlet (7) has a slot (8) on a side facing away from the tine (3), characterized in that the slot (8) extends substantially parallel to the tine (3).
2. The seed drill (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spring (4) is a leg spring.
3. The seed drill (1) according to Claim 1 on 2, characterized in that the tine (3) is made of spring steel.
4. The seed drill (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one tine support (2) is movably connected to a supporting frame (9) of the seed drill (1).
5. The seed drill (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that - viewed in the travel direction - at least one leveling bar (10) is arranged in front of the tines (3).
6. The seed drill (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tine support (2) comprises a first part (22) and a second part (24), which is connected to the first part (22) via an adjustment unit (23), which is spring-loaded in particular, the first part (22) has a ground contact unit (19) to keep a distance of the first part (22) from the ground constant, and the tines (3) are connected to the second part (24).
7. The seed drill (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that - viewed in the travel direction - a leveling roller (11) is arranged following the tines (3).
8. The seed drill (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the leveling roller (11) is detachably fastened to a hitch (12), in particular a three-point hitch, of the seed drill (1).

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