EP3056611B1 - Dispositif de couplage destiné à relier une structure porteuse à une fondation au fond de la mer - Google Patents

Dispositif de couplage destiné à relier une structure porteuse à une fondation au fond de la mer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3056611B1
EP3056611B1 EP15154950.8A EP15154950A EP3056611B1 EP 3056611 B1 EP3056611 B1 EP 3056611B1 EP 15154950 A EP15154950 A EP 15154950A EP 3056611 B1 EP3056611 B1 EP 3056611B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling device
foundation
adapter
adapter rods
carrier structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15154950.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3056611A1 (fr
Inventor
Emilio Reales Bertomeo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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Priority to EP15154950.8A priority Critical patent/EP3056611B1/fr
Priority to PL15154950T priority patent/PL3056611T3/pl
Publication of EP3056611A1 publication Critical patent/EP3056611A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3056611B1 publication Critical patent/EP3056611B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0004—Nodal points
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/006—Platforms with supporting legs with lattice style supporting legs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coupling device for connecting a support structure for offshore plants, in particular wind energy plants, to a foundation anchored in the seabed, in particular a plurality of ram piles.
  • the invention also relates to a foundation structure for offshore installations and a method for producing such foundation structures.
  • a monopile consists of a single pile with a diameter of several meters, which is inserted into the bottom of the body of water with at least half of its total length, in particular rammed in and whose upper end protrudes above the water surface.
  • a tripod which consists of a central body with three star-shaped struts, at the ends of which are arranged vertically extending tubular sleeve bodies. The sleeve bodies of the tripod are connected to the heads of three ram piles protruding from the bottom of the water.
  • a third frequently used design of a foundation structure sees the use of a lattice mast tower, also referred to as a jacket section, in front of which usually has at least three or four outer piles, which are connected to one another via horizontal and oblique struts are connected.
  • the lower ends of the outer piles are also directly connected to the heads of ram piles protruding from the water's bottom.
  • the ramming piles usually only protrude briefly over the bottom of the water, so that the connection area between the ramming pile and the jacket section as the supporting structure for the offshore installation is under water.
  • offshore drilling structures which comprise a base body which is connected to the sea floor by means of driven piles and a platform unit which can be brought into contact with the base body and has standardized dimensions.
  • the height of the basic body is adjusted to compensate for different water depths.
  • the length of the ramming piles connecting the base body to the sea floor must be adjusted to the same extent and form an associated foundation unit with the base body.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of being able to connect a supporting structure for an offshore installation to a foundation, a foundation structure for Specify offshore plants and a method for producing a foundation structure, with which the establishment of foundation structures can be standardized and can be carried out with reduced effort despite depth differences occurring at the erection site.
  • the invention achieves the object on which it is based with a coupling device for connecting a support structure for offshore installations, in particular wind energy installations, to a foundation which is anchored in the seabed and consists of ramming piles and has an upper end which can be coupled to the support structure and a lower end which can be coupled to the foundation , wherein the coupling device has a height dimension that is matched to the respective water depth at the erection site, and a plurality of adapter rods that can be coupled to the foundation and run essentially vertically, which at their upper ends for connection to the supporting structure and at their lower ends for insertion into receptacles are set up on the ramming piles, the adapter rods which can be coupled to the foundation each have locking elements at their lower ends for a positive or non-positive connection with coupling means of the ramming piles and / or are set up via their lower ends by means of e ines to be fastened into the receptacles for the adapter rods on the ram
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the use of a coupling device means that it is no longer necessary to individually adapt the supporting structures for the offshore systems themselves, owing to the existing depth differences in the water bed in the area provided for the installation of the offshore systems.
  • the adaptation to existing differences in water depth is preferably carried out exclusively via the coupling device according to the invention.
  • the distance between the upper end of the coupling device, which can be connected to the supporting structure, and the lower end of the coupling device, which can be coupled to the foundation is now individually adapted or changed.
  • a support structure with its receptacle for an offshore installation to be constructed is arranged at almost the same level above the surface of the water as a support structure that is set up in an adjacent area in which there is a different water depth is.
  • the coupling device preferably has a substantially constant base area that extends from its upper end to its lower end. This means that the base area always remains independent of possible varying water depths at the erection site for the offshore plant constant.
  • the base area of the foundation anchored in the sea floor therefore preferably also remains constant for different support structures set up in different water depths.
  • driven piles used as foundations which are driven into the water bed at predetermined intervals, now have identical distances from one another for several foundation structures to be erected. Accordingly, the same ram templates can be used to drive in the ram piles at different erection sites, which advantageously simplifies the prefabrication of the foundations in the water bed.
  • the coupling device according to the invention has a lattice-like lattice structure which connects the adapter rods to one another.
  • the use of preferably vertical adapter rods ensures that a simple connection to the foundation is achieved.
  • the vertical adapter rods can be coupled to the ramming piles relatively easily, especially in or over the heads of the ram piles.
  • the adapter rods are preferably connected to one another by means of a lattice-like lattice structure, as a result of which the coupling device obtains sufficient rigidity to be able to safely absorb the forces acting on it, which result, for example, from the wind or wave loads acting on the supporting structure and the offshore installation ,
  • the coupling device preferably has three, four, five, six or more vertical adapter rods which are connected to one another via the lattice structure.
  • the adapter rods have, in particular, an identical spacing to a central axis running in the direction of extension of the coupling device.
  • the adapter rods are evenly distributed around the longitudinal axis, the distance between two directly adjacent adapter rods depending on the number of adapter rods used.
  • the lattice structure preferably has at least two horizontal struts running parallel to one another, which form a horizontal strut element, which preferably runs in a vertical plane, and are coupled to one another via connecting struts, which are preferably at an acute or obtuse angle to the horizontal struts.
  • This ensures a high degree of rigidity of a respective horizontal strut element and the lattice structure formed therefrom and advantageously counteracts twisting of the coupling device.
  • the number of horizontal struts running parallel to one another at a distance preferably varies depending on the overall height of the coupling device to be produced.
  • Two, three, four or more horizontal struts preferably form a respective horizontal strut element.
  • the connecting struts running between the horizontal struts run in particular at an angle to a respective horizontal strut which is in a range between 5 ° and 85 °, preferably in the range between 30 ° and 60 °.
  • a plurality of horizontal strut elements are provided, which are arranged in a ring, the horizontal struts of the horizontal strut elements forming ring structures of the lattice structure arranged one above the other.
  • the strength or rigidity of the lattice structure produced and thus of the coupling device according to the invention is thus further increased in an advantageous manner. This ensures that, with the base surface of the coupling device remaining the same, the forces are reliably transmitted from the supporting structure to the foundation in its direction of extension. Under an annular arrangement of the horizontal strut elements, there is less of one in the present case to understand an annular configuration of the ring structures produced by means of the horizontal struts.
  • the ring structures of the lattice structure produced by means of the horizontal strut elements have the shape of a triangle, a four, a pentagon or a hexagon in the direction of extension of the coupling device.
  • the resulting edges of the ring structures preferably have similar or identical length dimensions to one another.
  • the adapter rods are preferably arranged in a corner region of the preferably polygonal ring structures produced. The forces are therefore preferably introduced into the corresponding foundation at the outermost points of the coupling device.
  • the lower horizontal struts of a respective horizontal strut element are preferably connected to one of their ends with a preferably vertically oriented adapter rod.
  • the coupling device is primarily formed by means of the lattice structure, the adapter rods being arranged in the lower region of the coupling device.
  • the lower horizontal struts of two adjacent horizontal strut elements are preferably firmly connected to a head end of one of the adapter rods.
  • a fixed connection between the adapter rods, which can be connected to the foundation, and the lattice structure is effected.
  • the upper ring structure can be connected to the support structure via nodes formed thereon.
  • the lattice structure that is produced can thus preferably be connected directly to the support structure that receives the offshore installation.
  • any number of connection points can be established via corresponding nodes on the upper ring structure of the lattice structure.
  • the force is then advantageously introduced from the support structure into the coupling device via the large number of connection points.
  • nodes are preferably provided for the introduction of force from the support structure to the coupling device. From these nodes, the horizontal struts run at a predetermined angle to each other. Further connections designed as nodes between the support structure and the lattice structure of the coupling device can, for example, also be arranged on any sections of the horizontal struts forming the upper ring structure.
  • the two horizontal struts of a respective horizontal strut element are each connected at their ends to an adapter rod.
  • the adapter rods preferably extend over the entire height of the coupling device according to the invention. The distance between the upper end and the lower end of the coupling device is thus determined by the length of the adapter rods.
  • the horizontal struts of the structures arranged or arranged one above the other are each firmly connected to the outer circumference of a respective adapter rod.
  • the lattice structure which connects the adapter rods to one another is arranged on the adapter rods in such a way that the upper ends of the adapter rods project beyond the upper ring structure.
  • connection to the supporting structure is preferably made via the upper ends of the adapter rods.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the coupling device alternately provides an adapter rod that extends over the entire height of the coupling device and that an adjacent adapter rod is only connected to the lower ring structure of the lattice structure.
  • the preferably vertical adapter rods have receptacles at their upper ends for inserting and / or fastening corresponding foot elements of the support structure.
  • the receptacles are preferably designed as cylindrical recesses at the upper ends or head ends of the adapter rods, into which the foot elements of the support structure, which are preferably designed in the form of pins, can in particular be inserted.
  • the foot elements can be attached to the head ends of the adapter rods, for example, by means of a material connection, preferably by welding, and / or by means of a positive or non-positive connection via corresponding locking or locking elements on the support structure and / or the coupling device.
  • the adapter rods that can be coupled to the foundation preferably have locking elements for a positive or non-positive connection with coupling means of the foundation and / or the adapter rods are set up via a receptacle for the adapter rods to be attached to the foundation fillable hardening filler.
  • the adapter rods of the coupling device are preferably permanently fixed, that is to say cannot be detached, to the foundation.
  • the use of locking elements enables a reversibly connectable connection of the adapter rods to the foundation, so that the coupling device according to the invention on the foundation can be removed and replaced if necessary.
  • the locking elements of the adapter rods are designed with coupling means of the foundation, which is preferably formed from a plurality of ram piles anchored in the water floor, to form a positive or non-positive connection.
  • the locking elements can be equipped with lock-like locking parts which engage or engage behind coupling means designed as recesses or projections on the ram pile head. This prevents the connection between the coupling device and the foundation from being released automatically.
  • the lattice-like lattice structure and / or the adapter rods are preferably formed from a material or contain a material which is selected from the group consisting of metals, concrete, their mixtures and their composite materials. With the use of metals, concrete and their mixtures, an advantageous embodiment of the coupling device according to the invention is achieved which on the one hand has high strength and on the other hand has a long service life.
  • Areas of the coupling device, such as, for example, the adapter rods or the lattice structure are preferably formed from hollow metal tubes, which are preferably filled with concrete at least in sections at nodes. Forces that are transmitted from the support structure to the coupling device are advantageously absorbed in an improved manner.
  • the adapter rods and the lattice structure are formed from hollow profiles, in particular cylindrical tubular profiles, and / or from profile rods.
  • the use of hollow profiles or profile bars has significantly higher strength values compared to a solid material with the same mass, as a result of which the forces acting on the coupling device can be safely absorbed and introduced into the foundation.
  • the hollow profiles and / or profile bars are preferably made of a metallic material, such as steel.
  • the hollow profiles and / or profile rods are provided with a coating, at least on their outside that comes into direct contact with external environmental influences, such as water or air.
  • the coating is preferably a seawater-resistant and / or UV-resistant lacquer.
  • Such a foundation structure designed according to the invention has the advantage that it can be erected in a simplified manner at the bottom of the body of water, since its supporting structure and its foundation are designed as unit components that can be prefabricated as components with uniform dimensions, regardless of the depth of water at the erection site.
  • Only the coupling device of the foundation structure according to the invention is adapted in terms of its height to the prevailing water depth at the installation site and thus to the distance dimension to be generated between the foundation and the supporting structure.
  • the coupling device of the support structure according to the invention has an essentially constant base area in the direction of extension, which does not change or changes only slightly in size.
  • the direction of extension of the coupling device is to be understood as the direction which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling device from its upper end to its lower end.
  • the supporting structure is a jacket section made of several trusses which are connected to one another in the manner of a framework, the base area of which increases from the head part with the receptacle for the offshore installation in the direction of its foot part.
  • the use of a jacket section enables the construction of an offshore installation, preferably a wind energy installation, in large water depths, since wind loads acting on the offshore installation or wave loads acting on the supporting structure can preferably be distributed over a larger area on the water bed.
  • the jacket sections used expand in the base area from their head ends towards their foot ends in a substantially conical or pyramid-shaped manner.
  • jacket sections are now used as support structures, which as a unit or system component have uniform dimensions have their height and / or their base area in the foot area. Adjustments or changes in the base area of the jacket sections that originally resulted in connection with the changing height of the support structure are avoided by the coupling devices now to be coupled to the foot parts of the support structures.
  • the adapter piles each have an almost constant base area from the upper to the lower end.
  • An embodiment of the jacket section preferably has three, four, five, six or more outer struts, which are oriented obliquely or inclined to a vertical longitudinal axis of the support structure.
  • the outer struts are each connected to one another via a lattice-like lattice structure or truss segments made of a plurality of connecting struts made of preferably tubular hollow profiles.
  • the outer and connecting struts are preferably rigidly connected to one another and form nodes in the connecting regions.
  • An alternative embodiment of the jacket section provides a plurality of truss segments arranged one above the other, consisting of horizontally and obliquely or inclined connecting struts.
  • the foot part of the support structure has a plurality of foot elements which are fastened in corresponding receptacles to the upper ends of the adapter rods.
  • the support structure preferably has foot elements projecting parallel to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the support structure on its outer struts.
  • the foot elements which preferably have shaft-like engagement means, engage in the receptacles at the respective upper ends of the adapter rods of the coupling device and are firmly connected to the receptacles.
  • a non-releasable and thus permanently fixed connection or a reversibly connectable connection is provided, with the support structure being able to be detached from the coupling device even after a longer period of time on the coupling device via the reversibly connectable connection.
  • the foot part of the support structure is attached to nodes of the truss-like lattice structure of the coupling device, preferably corner points of the upper ring segment.
  • the foot part of the support structure is preferably connected directly to the truss-like lattice structure of the coupling device.
  • the foot part of the support structure is preferably connected at nodes of the lattice structure of the coupling device in order to ensure a safe introduction of force into the To ensure coupling device.
  • the hollow profiles preferably used to design the support structure and the coupling device have dimensions that differ from one another, the hollow profiles of the coupling device having larger cross-sectional dimensions than the hollow profiles of the support structure, which is designed in particular as a jacket section.
  • FIG. 1 Another aspect of the invention, for which protection is claimed both as separate protection and in combination with the aforementioned subject matter according to one of the preferred embodiments described above as an advantageous further development, relates to a foundation structure in which, according to the invention, one or more ram piles in the head region Adjustment device for height adjustment of a foot element of the support structure or the coupling device is arranged relative to the ram pile.
  • Adjustment device for height adjustment of a foot element of the support structure or the coupling device is arranged relative to the ram pile.
  • foot element is understood to mean, for example, separate foot elements which are arranged in the foot region of a support structure or a coupling device according to the invention, or also a lower section or a lower end of a preferably vertically extending adapter rod of the coupling device.
  • an adjustment device is to be understood as an actuatable device which is used in the head area of the ram piles for height adjustment of the receiving areas for the foot elements or the support areas of the foot elements of the support structure or coupling device relative to the foundation.
  • the adjustment of a foot element receptacle on the ram post for the foot elements of the support structure or coupling device relative to the ram post or a support area on the foot element of the support structure or the coupling device takes place relative to a foot element receptacle that is immovably received in the longitudinal direction on the ram post.
  • the adjustment device preferably has a screw ring which is arranged on the ram pile so as to be adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the ram pile.
  • a screw ring which is preferably equipped with an external thread on its outer lateral surface, a simple height adjustment of the screw ring along the ram pile is possible.
  • the external thread of the screw ring preferably corresponds to an internal thread in the head region of the ram pile.
  • the screw ring is preferably adjusted manually or by means of a motorized actuator.
  • the pitch of the mutually corresponding threads of the screw ring and ram pile is selected such that the threaded parts act on the threaded parts to self-lock each other. This prevents the height of the screw ring from being adjusted unintentionally.
  • a hardenable filler to be filled in the head region such as concrete, is provided.
  • the screw thread in the head region of the ram pile is designed as an external thread.
  • the screw ring corresponding to the ram pile preferably has an internal thread which is guided along the outside of the ram pile.
  • the foot elements of the support structure or the coupling device preferably have larger diameters than the ram piles and are thus pushed over the ram piles in sections.
  • the adjusting device has screw rings which, with their internal threads, preferably correspond to an external thread on the base element of the support structure or the coupling device. So that the screw ring or are arranged with a bearing surface at the upper end of the ram piles or rest on it. The height adjustment of the foot elements relative to the ram post is carried out accordingly by changing the position of the screw ring along a respective foot element.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing foundation structures which have a height dimension which is matched to the water depth at their installation site, comprising the steps of prefabricating a support structure as a unit component with uniform dimensions and parallel prefabricating a coupling device according to one of the preferred embodiments described above, the height of which is individually matched to the water depth at the place of installation of the respective foundation structure, creating a foundation at the place of installation for the offshore wind energy installation, which is done by ramming piles into the water bed; Connect the coupling device to the foundation by inserting the essentially vertical adapter rods that can be coupled to the ramming piles with their lower ends in receptacles on the ram piles and by means of locking elements at the lower ends for a positive or non-positive connection with coupling means of the ramming piles and / or be fixed by means of a hardening filler that can be filled into the ramming piles in receptacles for the adapter rods, and
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the method steps according to the invention make the manufacture of a foundation structure for offshore systems significantly easier, since the manufacture of the supporting structure for the offshore system can be partially automated due to the uniform dimensions for each foundation structure. Changes and individual adaptations in the construction of the supporting structure to possible changing water depths are thus advantageously avoided.
  • Only the coupling devices are to be adjusted in terms of their height, in particular the distance between the upper and lower ends of the coupling device, and thus the length of the adapter rods which are preferably used.
  • the number of horizontal struts arranged one above the other is preferably adapted for the horizontal strut elements which connect adjacent adapter rods.
  • the manufacturing outlay for the foundation structure according to the invention and the associated costs can be advantageously reduced.
  • Support structure and coupling device can be prefabricated separately from each other and transported individually to the installation site.
  • Preferred developments of the method according to the invention provide: adjusting the height of one or more foot elements of the coupling device relative to the foundation.
  • FIG. 1 The embodiment of a foundation structure 1 according to the invention shown has a support structure 2 which comprises a plurality of struts 4, 4 ', 4 "which are connected to one another in the manner of a truss 10.
  • a receptacle 8 has a preferably cylindrical recess, the longitudinal axis of which, in the embodiment shown, runs coaxially to the central axis 12 of the foundation structure.
  • the head part 6 of the support structure 2 designed as a jacket section is completely surrounded the service platform 14 extending around the receptacle is arranged on the periphery of the service platform 14, a safety railing 16 is arranged which completely encloses the service platform, an access opening 18 is formed in the service platform, which is assigned an access ladder 20.
  • the access ladder 20 is supported on the supporting structure 2 in its lower third via holding struts 20 ′.
  • the support structure 2 shown here is a jacket section with an essentially hexagonal basic shape, which is also referred to as a hexabase.
  • the support structure 2 is made up of a plurality of truss segments 22, 22 ′, 22 ′′ arranged one above the other in each case a plurality of struts 4, 4 ', 4 "running horizontally and inclined to the central axis 12.
  • the struts 4, 4', 4" are formed from tubular hollow profiles and are rigidly connected to one another, with two, three or more in the connection areas Connection struts are each formed at nodes 24, 24 '.
  • the support structure 2 also has a foot part 26.
  • a coupling device 28 is coupled or connected to the foot part 26 and has the function of an adapter structure.
  • the coupling device 28 serves to bridge a distance between the support structure 2 to be installed at a predetermined height and a foundation 30 of the foundation structure 1 according to the invention anchored in the water bed.
  • the coupling device has an upper end 32 with which the coupling device with the foot part 26 of the support structure 2 is coupled.
  • the coupling device 28 comprises a lower end 34 which is connected to the foundation 30, which in the present embodiment 6 has rammed piles 36 framed in the water bed (not shown).
  • the coupling device 28 has a substantially constant base area that extends from its upper end 32 to the lower end 34.
  • the height of the coupling device has a height dimension that is matched to the respective water depth at the installation site, so that the distance between the upper end 32 coupled to the support structure 2 and the lower end connected to the foundation 30 varies according to the water depth.
  • the coupling device 28 has six adapter rods 38, which can be coupled to the foundation and run essentially vertically.
  • the adapter rods 38 are connected to one another via a lattice-like structure 40.
  • the lattice structure 40 has a plurality of horizontal strut elements 42 which are arranged in a ring and are each connected at the end to an adapter rod 38.
  • the horizontal strut elements 42 arranged between the adapter rods 38 have the shape of a hexagon in the base area.
  • Each horizontal strut element has at least two spaced parallel horizontal struts 44, 44 'which are coupled to one another via connecting struts 46, 46' which are inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizontal struts 44, 44 '.
  • the horizontal strut elements 42 are aligned in a vertical plane, so that the horizontal struts 44, 44 'of the horizontal strut elements, ring structures 48, 48' (one above the other) Figure 1 ) form the lattice structure 40.
  • both horizontal struts 44, 44 ′ of a respective horizontal strut element 42 are connected to an adapter rod 38.
  • the adapter rods 38 have receptacles (not shown in more detail) for inserting and / or fastening corresponding foot elements 50 of the support structure 2. After insertion into the receptacles of the adapter rods 38, the foot elements 50 are firmly connected to the latter.
  • the foot elements can be connected to the adapter rods by means of locking elements (not shown) or via a hardening filler material that can be filled into the receptacle.
  • the lower ends of the adapter rods 38 are in turn inserted into receptacles of the foundation 30 formed here from six ram piles 36 and are firmly connected to the ram piles.
  • the ram piles 36 rammed into the water bed 51 also have a vertical orientation.
  • FIG 3 A further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure 1 'according to the invention is shown, which has a supporting structure 2 and a foundation 30 which are identical to that in FIGS Figures 1 and 2 are shown embodiment. Therefore, the detailed description of the support structure 2 and the foundation 30 is omitted.
  • the same components are designated with the same reference numerals.
  • the illustrated foundation structure 1 ' has a coupling device 28' connecting the foot part 26 of the support structure 2 to the foundation 30.
  • the coupling device 28 ′ in turn has a height dimension that is adapted to the installation site of the foundation structure.
  • the foundation structure 1 ' is compared to the exemplary embodiment in FIG Figures 1 and 2 set up at a site with a greater depth of water.
  • the coupling device 28 ' has six adapter rods 38' which are arranged in the form of an equilateral hexagon spanning the adapter rods.
  • the adapter rods 38 ' are connected via horizontal strut elements 42', with which forces acting on the adapter rods prevent the parallelogram effect between the adapter rods 38 '.
  • the horizontal strut elements 42 ' form the lattice structure 40'.
  • three horizontal struts 44, 44 ', 44 "aligned parallel to one another, which are connected to one another via connecting struts 46, 46'.
  • the foundation 30 for anchoring the foundation structure 1 'in the water bed 51 has six ram piles 36. The number of ram piles can vary depending on the design of the foundation structure 1'.
  • An alternative embodiment provides for the arrangement of two horizontal strut elements 42, each with two horizontal struts 46, 46 ', in place of the horizontal strut elements 42' between two directly adjacent adapter rods 38 'in coupling devices with a sufficiently large height.
  • the horizontal strut elements 42 are then arranged one above the other at a predetermined distance.
  • the lower ends of the adapter rods 38 ′ are received in the foundation 30 formed from ram piles 36.
  • the foot elements 50 are received in receptacles (not shown in detail) at the upper end of an associated adapter rod 38 and are firmly connected to the latter.
  • connection between the support structure 2 and the coupling device 28 ' can be designed to be reversible, that is to say connectable and detachable as often as required, or non-reversible, that is to say not releasable.
  • the connection between the foot elements 50 of the support structure 2 and the upper end of the coupling device 28 'and the lower end of the coupling device 28' and the foundation 30 having ramming piles 36 is preferably effected via the locking elements and / or coupling means described above.
  • FIG. 4 A further embodiment of a foundation structure 1 "according to the invention is shown, which has a support structure 2 'with a modified foot part 26'. Instead of the foot elements ( Fig.1 ) the lower truss segment 22 with its struts 4 of the supporting structure 2 'is directly connected to the lattice structure 40 "of the coupling device 28" via nodes 52.
  • the grating structure 40 shown has two ring structures 48, 48 '''arranged one above the other, each consisting of six horizontal struts 44, 44'''. Only the lower ring structure 54 is connected to the adapter rods 38". The ring structures 48, 48 ''are coupled to one another exclusively via connecting struts 46, 46', 46 ".
  • the connecting struts 46, 46 ', 46" each preferably run inclined at a predetermined angle to the horizontal struts 44, 44''' and the vertically aligned adapter rods 38 ".
  • the ends of the horizontal struts 44 of the lower ring structure 54 are each connected to the upper ends of a respective adapter rod 38".
  • the ends of the horizontal struts 44 ′′ ′′ of the upper ring structure 54 ′ are coupled to one another and to the struts 4, of the lower truss segment 22 of the support structure 2 ′, and form the six nodes 52.
  • the nodes 52 are essentially congruent but at a distance above the adapter rods 38 ′′ Figure 4
  • the lattice structure 40 "shown can have three ring structures arranged one above the other, depending on a difference in depth to be compensated for at the installation site of the foundation structure 1", each of which is connected to one another via connecting struts. At least the lowest ring structure is then firmly connected to an existing number of vertically aligned adapter rods.
  • FIG. 5 Another embodiment of a foundation structure 1 '''is shown in Figure 5 shown.
  • the foundation structure 3 ' has a supporting structure 2 "which has three outer struts 60, which are inclined in sections to the vertical, and the truss segments 62, 62' connecting the outer struts 60 to one another.
  • the foot part 26" of the supporting structure 2 'points with the lower ends of the outer struts 60 coupled foot elements 50 '.
  • the foot elements 50 ' are connected to the upper end of the coupling device 28'''.
  • the coupling device 28 ''' has three adapter rods 38''' which are connected to one another via horizontal strut elements 42 ''', each with two horizontal struts 44, 44'.
  • the horizontal struts 44, 44 ' are connected to one another via connecting struts 46, 46' in order to improve the rigidity of the coupling device 38 '''.
  • the adapter rods 38 ′′ ′′ and the lattice structure 40 ′′ ′′ formed from the horizontal strut elements 42 ′′ ′′ have a base area in the shape of a triangle.
  • the coupling device has an almost uniform base area over its entire height from the upper end to the lower end.
  • the foundation 30 'carrying the coupling device 38''' and the supporting structure 2 ' has three ram piles 36' which are aligned vertically and with which the foundation structure 1 '''is anchored in the water bed 51.
  • the support structure 2 ′′ has a head part 6 ′ with a receptacle 8 ′ for an offshore installation, such as a tower 10 of a wind energy installation (not shown in more detail).
  • a service platform 14 ′ is also provided around the receptacle 8 ′.
  • the head part 6 also has three approximately horizontal support arms 64, which each protrude at an angle of 120 degrees to one another from the central axis 12 'of the foundation structure 1"". The ends of the support arms 64 are each coupled to the upper ends of the outer struts 60.
  • Fig. 6 the connection area between the coupling device 28 and a ram pile 36 of the foundation 30 is shown.
  • the adapter rod 38 of the coupling device 28 has a foot element 54 which projects into the free cross section in the head region 56 of the ram pile 36 and is received therein.
  • the ram pile 36 also has in its head region 56 an adjustment device 58 for height adjustment of the foot element 54 accommodated in the ram pile relative to the ram pile 36.
  • the adjusting device 58 is composed of a screw ring 66 received in the interior of the driven pile 36 with an external thread 68 and one on the inner lateral surface 70 of the ram pile internal thread 72 ( Fig. 7 ) together.
  • the screw ring 66 corresponds with its external thread 68 to the internal thread 72 of the ram pile in such a way that it can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the ram pile 36 by rotating the screw ring 66.
  • the screw ring 66 has a contact surface 74 ( Fig. 7 ) and thus a foot element receptacle for the foot element 54 of the coupling device 28.
  • All driving piles 36, 36 'of the foundations 30, 30' shown above are preferably equipped with such adjusting devices 58, as a result of which differences in height between the upper ends of the driving piles 36, 36 'can be compensated in an advantageous manner.
  • the screw ring has an opening 76 with a toothing 78.
  • the locking part 80 has webs 82, 82 'arranged in a star shape, which at their outer ends in the radial direction are complementary to the toothing 78. In addition to the frictional force acting between the threaded parts, this counteracts an automatic turning of the screw ring 66 within the ram pile.
  • a curable filling material such as concrete, is preferably filled by adjusting the position of the screw rings 66 in the longitudinal direction of the ram pile 36.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''') destiné à relier une structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') pour installations en mer, en particulier éoliennes, à une fondation (30, 30') composée de pieux (36, 36'), ancrée au fond de l'eau, présentant
    une extrémité supérieure (32) pouvant être couplée avec la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') et une extrémité inférieure (34) pouvant être couplée avec la fondation (30, 30'), dans lequel le dispositif de couplage présente une hauteur, laquelle est ajustée par adaptation ou modification de la distance entre les extrémités supérieure et inférieure du dispositif de couplage sur la profondeur respective de l'eau au lieu d'implantation, et
    plusieurs barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') s'étendant sensiblement verticalement, pouvant être couplées avec la fondation (30, 30'), lesquelles sont aménagées à leurs extrémités supérieures pour une liaison à la structure porteuse et à leurs extrémités inférieures pour l'insertion dans des logements au niveau des pieux (36, 36'), dans lequel
    les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') pouvant être couplées avec la fondation (30, 30') présentent au niveau de leurs extrémités inférieures respectivement des éléments d'arrêt pour une liaison par complémentarité de forme ou par force à des moyens de couplage des pieux (36, 36') et/ou sont aménagées pour être fixées via leurs extrémités inférieures au moyen d'un agent de charge durcissant pouvant être chargé dans les logements pour les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') au niveau des pieux (36, 36').
  2. Dispositif de couplage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par une surface de base sensiblement constante, s'étendant de son extrémité supérieure (32) à son extrémité inférieure (34).
  3. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2,
    caractérisé par une structure de grille de type treillis (40, 40', 40'', 40'''), laquelle relie les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') entre elles.
  4. Dispositif de couplage selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que la structure de grille (40, 40', 40'', 40''') présente au moins deux poutres horizontales (44, 44', 44'', 44''') s'étendant parallèlement l'une à l'autre à distance, lesquelles forment un élément de poutre horizontal (42, 42', 42'', 42'''), qui s'étend de préférence dans un plan vertical, et sont couplées l'une avec l'autre via des poutres de liaison (46, 46', 46''), qui s'étendent de préférence selon un angle aigu ou obtus par rapport aux poutres horizontales (44, 44', 44'', 44''').
  5. Dispositif de couplage selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé par plusieurs éléments de poutre horizontaux (42, 42', 42'', 42'''), lesquels sont agencés en forme d'anneau, dans lequel les poutres horizontales (40, 40', 40'', 40''') des éléments de poutre horizontaux (42, 42', 42'', 42''') forment des structures annulaires superposées de la structure de grille (40, 40', 40", 40''').
  6. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 et 5,
    caractérisé en ce que les poutres horizontales (44) de la structure annulaire inférieure (48) d'un élément de poutre horizontal (42, 42', 42'', 42''') respectif sont reliées avec respectivement une de leurs extrémités à une barre d'adaptation (38, 38', 38", 38''').
  7. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que la structure annulaire supérieure (48''') peut être reliée à la structure porteuse (2"") via des nœuds (52) qui y sont réalisés.
  8. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que les poutres horizontales (44, 44', 44'') d'un élément de poutre horizontal (42, 42', 42'', 42''') respectif sont reliées avec respectivement leurs extrémités à une barre d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''').
  9. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38''') s'étendant de préférence verticalement présentent au niveau de leurs extrémités supérieures des logements pour l'insertion et/ou la fixation d'éléments de pied (50, 50') correspondants de la structure porteuse (2, 2'').
  10. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que la structure de grille de type treillis (40, 40', 40'', 40''') et/ou les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') sont réalisées en un matériau ou contiennent un matériau, qui est sélectionné dans le groupe constitué de métaux, béton, leurs mélanges et leurs matériaux composites.
  11. Dispositif de couplage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que la structure de grille (40, 40', 40'', 40''') et/ou les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') sont formées de profils creux, en particulier de profils tubulaires cylindriques, et/ou de barres profilées.
  12. Structure de fondation (1, 1', 1'', 1''') pour installations en mer, en particulier éoliennes, avec
    une structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') avec un logement (8) pour l'installation en mer,
    une fondation (30, 30') composée de plusieurs pieux (36, 36') pour l'ancrage de la structure de fondation (1, 1', 1'', 1''') au fond de l'eau (51),
    caractérisée par un dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''') selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans laquelle le dispositif de couplage présente une hauteur ajustée sur la profondeur respective de l'eau au lieu d'implantation entre la fondation (30, 30') et le côté inférieur de la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'').
  13. Structure de fondation selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') est une section jacket constituée de plusieurs poutres (4, 4', 4'') reliées les unes aux autres à la manière d'un treillis, dont la surface de base augmente de la partie tête (6) avec le logement (8) pour l'installation en mer en direction de sa partie pied (26, 26', 26'').
  14. Structure de fondation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 et 13,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie pied (26, 26'') de la structure porteuse (2, 2'') présente plusieurs éléments de pied (50, 50'), lesquels sont fixés dans des logements correspondants au niveau des extrémités supérieures des barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38''').
  15. Structure de fondation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14,
    caractérisée en ce que la partie pied (26') de la structure porteuse (2') est fixée via des nœuds (52) au niveau de la structure de grille de type treillis (40"), de préférence au niveau de coins de la structure annulaire supérieure (48''').
  16. Structure de fondation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 15,
    caractérisée en ce que, dans la zone de tête (56) d'un ou plusieurs pieux (36, 36'), un dispositif de réglage (58) est agencé pour le réglage en hauteur d'un élément de pied (54) de la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') ou du dispositif de couplage (28) par rapport au pieu (36, 36').
  17. Structure de fondation selon la revendication 16,
    caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de réglage (28) présente une bague filetée (66), qui est agencée de manière réglable de préférence dans la direction longitudinale du pieu (36, 36').
  18. Structure de fondation selon la revendication 17,
    caractérisée en ce que la bague filetée (66) présente un filetage extérieur (68), qui correspond à un filetage intérieur (70) dans la zone de tête (54) du pieu (36, 36').
  19. Procédé de fabrication de structures de fondation (1, 1', 1'', 1'''), lesquelles présentent une hauteur ajustée sur la profondeur de l'eau à son lieu d'implantation, avec les étapes de
    - préfabrication d'une structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') avec des dimensions uniformes,
    - préfabrication d'un dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''') selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel sa hauteur est ajustée individuellement sur la profondeur de l'eau présente au lieu d'implantation de la structure de fondation (1, 1', 1'', 1''') respective,
    - réalisation d'une fondation (30, 30') au lieu d'implantation pour une éolienne en mer par battage de pieux (36, 36') dans le fond de l'eau (51) ;
    - liaison du dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''') à la fondation réalisée via plusieurs barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') s'étendant sensiblement verticalement, pouvant être couplées avec les pieux (36, 36'), en insérant les extrémités inférieures dans des logements au niveau des pieux (36, 36') et en reliant les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') pouvant être couplées avec la fondation (30, 30') à des moyens de couplage des pieux (36, 36') au moyen d'éléments d'arrêt au niveau des extrémités inférieures pour une liaison par complémentarité de forme ou par force et/ou en les fixant au moyen d'un agent de charge durcissant pouvant être chargé dans des logements pour les barres d'adaptation (38, 38', 38'', 38''') au niveau des pieux (36, 36'), et
    - assemblage de la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') et du dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''') uniformes, en
    - couplant la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') avec les extrémités supérieures des barres d'adaptation du dispositif de couplage placé sur la fondation (30, 30'), ou
    - couplant la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') avant la liaison du dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''') à la fondation avec les extrémités supérieures des barres d'adaptation du dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28'''),
    - et liaison de la structure porteuse (2, 2', 2'') et du dispositif de couplage (28, 28', 28'', 28''').
  20. Procédé selon la revendication 19,
    dans lequel le procédé comprend une ou plusieurs des étapes suivantes :
    - réglage de la hauteur d'un ou plusieurs éléments de pied (54) du dispositif de couplage (28) par rapport à la fondation (30, 30').
EP15154950.8A 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 Dispositif de couplage destiné à relier une structure porteuse à une fondation au fond de la mer Active EP3056611B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15154950.8A EP3056611B1 (fr) 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 Dispositif de couplage destiné à relier une structure porteuse à une fondation au fond de la mer
PL15154950T PL3056611T3 (pl) 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 Urządzenie sprzęgające do połączenia struktury nośnej z fundamentem na dnie morza

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EP15154950.8A EP3056611B1 (fr) 2015-02-13 2015-02-13 Dispositif de couplage destiné à relier une structure porteuse à une fondation au fond de la mer

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EP3056611B1 true EP3056611B1 (fr) 2020-01-22

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DE202019104155U1 (de) * 2019-07-29 2019-09-18 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Tragstruktur insbesondere für On- und/oder Offshore-Windenergieanlagen
DE102020105620A1 (de) * 2020-03-03 2021-09-09 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Offshore-Tragstruktur für Windenergieanlagen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3528254A (en) * 1968-12-03 1970-09-15 Global Marine Inc Offshore platform structure and construction method
US5445476A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-08-29 Shell Oil Company Reusable offshore platform jacket
US6955503B1 (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-10-18 Shivers Iii Robert Magee Method for salvaging offshore jackets
GB2495715A (en) * 2011-10-17 2013-04-24 Windsea As Jacket for an offshore structure
EP2728179A1 (fr) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-07 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Parc éolien et son procédé de fonctionnement

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EP3056611A1 (fr) 2016-08-17

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