EP3054260B1 - Breechblock for a firearm - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a closure for a firearm, in particular a straight pull repeating rifle, which has a closure box and a guided therein closure sleeve, and a guided in the closure box and the closure sleeve locking rod, which locking rod a cartridge chamber facing closure head with a chamber stem under Intermediate connection of a straight chain link connects, wherein the chain link is articulated to the chamber stem by means of a first pivot bearing in a third recess at least over a third recess and the second by means of a second pivot bearing on the locking bar and wherein the chamber stem between an open and a closed position about a third pivot bearing is pivotable.

Closures for firearms, in particular for straight line repeating rifles are known in a variety of configurations, and it is irrespective of the nature of the design of the closure top priority to provide a closure available, in which the risk of accidents during shooting and / or loading is minimized. The greatest danger threatens this case by unintentional opening of the shutter of the weapon during use of the same, which should be kept behind by the design of a corresponding closure.

For such a minimization of the dangers poses the DE-A 2 418 915 a closure in which the lock cylinder can be locked or fixed in the locking sleeve in a locking tube in the axial direction by radially expandable spring rings. The locking tube is in this case in the closure sleeve by means of threads about the axis of rotation pivotally fixed and in the locking tube is additionally formed in the direction of the rifle stock a recess in which the chamber handle engages. Upon pivoting of the chamber handle about the axis of rotation, the locking tube is screwed in like a screw when the closure is closed, so that the locking cylinder comes into contact and is locked on the base of the cartridge.

Another embodiment of a closure is the EP-A 1 764 575 Removable, in which the closure on the one hand has a device by means of which the closure distance of the closure head is automatically locked to the chamber and on the other hand has a coupled with a locking rod stems, which chamber stem between an open and closed position is pivotable and in his Closing position is arranged so that a fixed to the lock rod chain link is held by the chamber stem in the closed position and is also designed so that a joint formed by the connection of the chamber stem with the chain link joint at the end of the closing movement of the chamber stem in an axial direction by a distance offset from the axis of the locking rod is arranged. A disadvantage of this construction is that due to the staggered arrangement of the chain link with respect to the longitudinal axis of the locking bar, the articulated connection formed by the chamber stems and the chain link can unintentionally open the chamber stems and thus the closure by an attack of a force in the axial direction of the closure. Such inadvertent opening of the chamber stem during a closing operation poses eminent dangers to the user, since unintentional opening of the chamber stem and thus of the gun closure, for example by misfiring or double firing of a cartridge, not only result in mechanical damage to the cartridge Firearm but in particular can lead to serious injury to the user.

From the EP 2 631 586 A2 , which represents the closest prior art for the present invention, has already become known a closure for a straight line repeating rifle, in which the chain link is formed as a straight chain link and is articulated in a lateral recess of the chamber stem. Such a construction allows inadvertent pivoting of the chamber stem to be largely obstructed during firing, however, a plurality of other elements, such as spring-biased wedges, latches and the like, are required for smooth operation of this closure, thereby making the closure intricate overall is.

The present invention now aims to provide a device with which an unintentional opening of the closure of the firearm, in particular an unintentional pivoting of the chamber stem is prevented and at the same time to provide a closure which simplifies even further compared to conventional known closures is on the one hand to minimize the number of components and on the other hand to prevent malfunction of the same.

To solve this problem, the invention is essentially characterized in that a the stanchion at least partially penetrating, fourth pivot bearing embracing locking member in abutment against the arranged inside the closure free end of the locking bar by pivoting the chamber stem forcibly is arranged pivotably. By a locking member is provided in the closure of the firearm, which surrounds a chamber stem at least partially penetrating fourth pivot bearing, it is ensured that not only accidental opening of the closure is avoided in the shooting position, but additionally ensures that both the open as Also, the closed position of the closure is secured by the locking member disposed in the closure, whereby any unintentional actuation of the closure is obstructed. Further, as is well known, the chain link is formed as a straight chain link, it is ensured in the closed position of the closure that unintentional opening of the chamber stem is retarded by an axially acting force. With such a construction, it is possible to ensure not only during a shot that inadvertent opening of the closure is held back, but due to the fact that the chain link just formed in the closed state over the dead center, that is arranged over the longitudinal axis of the closure, also prevents unintentional opening, as already for example in the EP 2 631 586 A2 is described. In addition, in the present embodiment it is ensured that by the locking member, the fourth pivot bearing, which partially penetrates the chamber stem, surrounds, yet another security is provided, which forms a positive guide for the locking member and thus ensures that the locking member is not by a blow in the axial direction, such as is exercised during a shot, pivoted from its closed position and thus in turn an accidental opening of the closure is effected.

By, as corresponds to a development of the invention, the closure is formed so that an outer contour of the locking member has at least one rounded projection and a recess, it is ensured that upon movement of the locking member of an open position of the closure in a closed position or Conversely, a smooth sliding of the locking member is achieved in the desired position and not a striking of corners or edges on the corresponding recess in which the locking member is guided in the interior of the closure is effected, whereby the closure without wear a plurality of times can be opened and closed, without causing wear or a knocking off of the locking member is effected.

In addition, with a suitable choice of the outer contour of the locking member, each with a rounded projection and a recess ensures that, as in a further development of the invention, at least the at least one recess and / or the at least one projection of the locking member with corresponding complementary projections or recesses of the closure in the open or closed position of the closure interact. By such an interaction, in particular by an exact fit of projections and depressions of both the locking member and corresponding portions of the closure sleeve further securing the closure is made available in particular in the open position, from which position the closure only by applying force on the Kammerstängel can be removed, so that the risk of accidental closure of the closure is further reduced.

In order to ensure in particular a precise opening and closing of the closure of the firearm, the invention is further developed such that the chain link is pivotally mounted on the locking bar about a in a complementary recess, in particular a round hole, engaging in the locking shaft journal. With such a design, it is necessary for the opening or closing of the closure with the help of the chamber stem to exert a certain force or a certain moment on the chamber stem to convert it from a fully closed to a fully open position or vice versa. By in this case the chain link is pivotally mounted on the locking bar about a engaging in a complementary recess of the locking shaft journal, in contrast to known training movement of the chain link together with the axle, for example, in a slot detrained, in which movement theoretically taking an intermediate position between completely open and fully closed was possible, since the force required to open the shutter was lower. In addition, with such a training a more precise taking the Öffen- and the closed position of the closure ensures and the receipt of an intermediate position is avoided due to the tensile stress, so that any incorrect operation of the closure is avoided due to a not exactly assumed open and closed position.

In particular, in order to further secure the closed position of the chamber stem and to prevent it from unintentionally opening, the invention is further developed in that a free one handle of the chamber stem substantially opposite End region, in particular an extension of the chamber stem is held pressurized by a resiliently mounted pin in an open position. By maintaining a free end portion of the chamber stem, which is substantially opposite a gripping area thereof, pressurized by a resiliently mounted pin in an open position, a further securing is provided which facilitates closing the closure from opening thereof. In such a configuration, a force must be applied to the chamber stems to open the closure to compress the resiliently mounted pin, in particular the spring urging the pin, so that an unconscious abutment against the handle of the chamber stem for inadvertent pivoting of the chamber stem from his closed position in the open position is not sufficient. In contrast, the closing of the closure is facilitated by such a design, since the spring force tries to transfer the pins and thus the chamber stem in the unloaded and thus closed position.

In order to make such pressurization possible in particular maintenance-free and small-scale construction, the invention is further developed such that the pin is acted upon by a spring, in particular a spiral spring. As in addition to the resiliently mounted pin, the spring, in particular coil spring is pressurized, must be pushed for a displacement of the pin during the opening of the chamber stem from the closed to the open position of the pen in the spring and compressed as a result, the spring what is possible only by overcoming the spring force, so that any unintentional movement to open the chamber stem is safely stopped.

In order to provide a maintenance-free as possible closure available, the invention is further developed such that the pin is guided inside the hinged in a fixed to the locking rod eyelet coil spring. With such a design a tilting or unintentional displacement of the web of the pin is avoided anyway and the pin is guided during each movement safely inside the coil spring, so that neither jamming nor snagging of the same is possible and thereby a frictionless opening and closing the closure of the rifle is always possible or guaranteed.

By, as corresponds to a development of the invention, the closure is formed so that in a closed position of the closure, a longitudinal axis of the Firearm with an axis passing through the centers of the pivot bearing of the chamber stem and the chain link axis includes an angle, in particular an angle between 0.01 ° and 0.3 °, unintentional opening of the chamber stem by a force acting in the axial direction of the firearm force Safety precluded, since the center of the articulation axis of the chain link can not lie exactly over the longitudinal axis of the firearm, but on the dead center, which would lie exactly above the longitudinal axis of the firearm is also pivoted out. By such pivoting beyond the dead center position, unintentional opening is forcibly stopped by a force acting in the axial direction of the firearm. By the straight line connecting the axes of the chain link with the longitudinal axis of the firearm at an angle between 0.01 ° and 0.3 °, on the one hand, the chain link is pivoted sufficiently far beyond the dead center to avoid inadvertent opening at any time, as each Possibility of opening solely by a force acting in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the firearm force is always at hand. Opening is only possible by deliberate operation of the chamber stem, so that a further security of operation of the closure of the firearm is offered.

• Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht, teilweise im Schnitt, auf einen Verschluss eines Geradezug-Repetiergewehrs in geschlossenem Zustand,
• Fig. 2 eine analoge Darstellung zu Fig. 1, in welcher der Kammerstängel und das Kettenglied abgenommen sind,
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf den Verschluss eines Geradezug-Repetiergewehrs während der Öffnungsbewegung des Kammerstängels,
• Fig. 4 eine Ansicht von oben, teilweise im Schnitt des geöffneten Verschlusses, und
• Fig. 5 eine analoge Ansicht zu Fig. 4, in welcher der Kammerstängel und das Kettenglied abgenommen sind.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. In this show:

• Fig. 1 a top view, partly in section, of a closure of a straight pull repeating rifle in the closed state,
• Fig. 2 an analog representation too Fig. 1 in which the chamber stem and the chain link are removed,
• Fig. 3 a plan view of the closure of a straight pull repeating rifle during the opening movement of the chamber stem,
• Fig. 4 a view from above, partly in section of the open lock, and
• Fig. 5 an analogous view too Fig. 4 , in which the chamber stem and the chain link are removed.

In Fig. 1 1 generally shows a closure for a firearm, in particular for a straight line repeating rifle, partly in section in plan view, in which FIG Fig. 1 the closure 1 is shown in its closed position. The attached during use of the firearm on the closure 1 Schlösschen 2 is in the illustrations of Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 shown removed to the individual elements, which can ensure an unintentional opening or closing of the closure 1 show to be able to. In the interior of a closure sleeve 3 in this case a locking rod 4 is guided, which is connected to a chamber stem 5 with the interposition of the chain link 6. The locking bar 4 is in particular in Fig. 2 can be seen, in which in addition to the chamber stem 5 and the chain link 6 is removed.

In order to perform an opening and closing movement of the closure 1, in this case the chamber stem 5 is pivoted by operation with the hand of a user. For this purpose, the chain link 6 is articulated about a pivot axis 7, which is also referred to as the first pivot bearing 7, in the chamber stem 5. The chain link 6 is further mounted by means of a pivot axis 8, which is also referred to as the second pivot bearing 8 in the sequence, in a corresponding recess 9 of the locking rod 4. For a pivoting of the chamber stem 5, a third pivot bearing 10 is further provided for the chamber stem.

In this case, a fourth pivot bearing or a control bolt 12 which at least partially penetrates the chamber stem 5 is provided in the closed position of the chamber stem 5 or closure 1, which is guided in a corresponding control cam 13 of a blocking member 14 arranged below the chain link or the chamber stem 5 is.

In the closed position of the chamber stem 5, the locking member 14 blocks the movement of the locking bar 4 in the direction of arrow 15. Furthermore, it is ensured by the arrangement of the fourth pivot bearing or control bolt 12 that without a forced pivoting of the chamber stem 5 in the direction of its open position the locking bar 4 is not released.

For a further securing of the blocking position of the chamber stem 5, a free end portion of the chamber stem 5 which is substantially opposite the handle 16 of the chamber stem 5, in particular a projection 17 thereof, is held in abutment by a resiliently mounted pin 18 in the closed position. The pin 18 in turn is held in the interior of a spring 19, in particular spiral spring 19, which is itself articulated on a fixed to the lock 2 retaining eye 20.

Finally, the locking member 14 is formed so that it has substantially rounded outer contours, which outer contours at least one recess 21 and at least one projection 22 have. In the closed position of the lock In this case, the projection 22 is in contact with a complementary projection 23 of the closure 1, in any case to prevent further pivoting and thus jamming of the closure 1.

In the in Fig. 1 illustrated, closed position of the closure 1, the chamber stem 5 is arranged in a pivoted in the direction of a cartridge chamber, not shown, in which position the axis passing through the first pivot bearing 7 of the chain link 6, and the third pivot bearing 10 of the chamber stem 5, with the longitudinal axis 24 of the firearm at an angle between 0.01 ° and 0.3 °. If the two axes were stored directly above one another, the chamber stem 5 would be in a dead center position, from which the chamber stem 5 could not be opened only by the application of a force in the axial direction. The fact that the two axes enclose an angle of 0.01 ° to 0.3 ° with each other, the chamber stem is performed beyond the dead center in such a way that upon application of an axial force on the chamber stem an Öffenbewegung is made impossible and the Kammerstängel 5 is further fixed in its closed position, which is additionally determined by the retaining pin 18. For opening the chamber stem 5, it is thus necessary, by applying a force to guide the chamber stem 5 only about the dead center and then move against the force of the retaining pin 18 which is mounted in a Fe-the 19, in the open position. In such a movement, as in Fig. 3 is shown, in which the reference numerals of Fig. 1 and 2 are maintained by pivoting the chamber stem 5 in the direction of arrow 25 on the one hand, the locking member 14 forcibly due to its engagement in the fourth pivot bearing 12 from its position in which the locking member 14 blocks the locking bar 4, pivots and at the same time the pin 18 in the interior the spring 19 is pressed, whereby a permanent pressure is exerted on the end 17 of the chamber stem 5, which tries to return the chamber stem 5 in turn into the closed position. With the aid of this construction, it is ensured that the force which has to be applied to the chamber stem 5 for closing the closure 1 is less than that required for the opening thereof, so that inadvertent opening of the closure 1 is certainly withheld and, moreover, there is a tendency for a reliable and reliable closure of the closure 1 to be guaranteed in any case when a corresponding force is exerted on the chamber stem 5, which is intended to close the closure 1 again.

For such positive guidance, it has been found to be favorable, the determination of the chain link 5, which in Fig. 3 is not shown, make in the locking bar 4 in a complementary to the corresponding journal of the chain link 6 recess 9, and not, as was done in the prior art, to provide a slot guide. With such a construction, a further streamlining of the movement of the chamber stem 5 is achieved and each intermediate position of the chamber stem 5 between the open and closed safely withhold. That is, in the course of opening the shutter 1, the chamber stem 5 is immediately completely transferred to the open position, just as it, when a force for closing a closure 1 is exerted on the chamber stem 5, immediately passes into the closed position, so that in any case a faulty closing of the closure 1 is inferred.

In 4 and 5 the shutter 1 of the firearm is now shown in the open position, in which on the one hand recognizable that due to the pivoting of the chamber stem 5 in the direction of arrow 16 by fixing the chain link 6 to the pivot axis 7, the chain link 6, the locking bar 4 in a retracted Position has pulled. In this pivotal movement in the direction of arrow 16 is further pivoted due to the forced guidance of the locking member 14 to the fourth pivot bearing 12, the pivot bearing 12 in the same direction as the pivot axis 7 of the chain link 6, whereby a rotational movement of the locking member 14 is carried out such that the locking member 14 releases the locking bar 4, whereby they can reach the retracted position. In the fully open position, as in 4 and 5 is shown, the locking member 14 is shown pivoted substantially at 90 °, in which position the recess 21 comes into contact with a corresponding complementary projection 26 of the Schlösschens 2, so that a further pivoting of the locking member 14 is no longer possible.

At the same time, the pin 18 is pressed completely into the spring 19 by the chamber stem 5, in such a way that the pin 18 passes completely through the receiving sleeve 20 and its rear free end protrudes from this receiving sleeve 20. In such a position, the force of the spring 19 acts now on the extension 17 of the chamber stem 5, whereby the chamber stem 5 in turn tries to return to its closed position. In practice, therefore, an extremely small application of force to the handle 16 of the chamber stem 5, as well as possibly further spring elements arranged in the interior of the closure, is sufficient to return it to the closed position Position, whereby over conventional constructions of the closure 1, a further assurance of the closed position of the closure 1 is provided.

Finally, further securing elements may be provided in the closure according to the invention, such as a so-called breech, which further secures an open or closed position of the closure. For this purpose, the formed as a bolt 11 breech, which in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 it can be seen provided, which is controlled by means of the chamber stem 5 via a slanted backdrop. In the open state of the closure 1, the breech 11 is pressed in the direction of the chamber stem 5 upwards and in the closed state, it is pushed down by the sliding over the slanted backdrop chamber stem and engages in a recess thereof, so that an additional lock between the housing and closure 1 of the firearm is provided.

Finally, in the closure 1 according to the invention, a further fuse is installed to the effect that the unintentional opening of the closure 1 is held back in the cocked state of the weapon. For this purpose, the chamber stem 5 is forcibly locked by means of a spring-loaded lever. When the loaded weapon is to be opened without having to be fired, in addition to the operation of the chamber stem 5, the end portion of the lever, not shown in the figure, projecting from the buckle 2 of the shutter 1, must be pressed by hand, in which case the Open the weapon again. By operating the chamber stem 5 in the closed position of the closure 1 thus forcibly simultaneously the safety lever is actuated, in any case to prevent inadvertent opening, in particular opening of the closure in the charged state of the weapon. With such a construction can, for. For example, if the stalks of the stalk are stalked during stalking, for example, hanging on a branch, the weapon is unintentionally opened.

Compared to constructions, which already contain similar locking elements, is the in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 training shown simplified to the effect that no locking lugs or wedges must be provided in the closure 1, since due to the forced operation of the locking member 14 any malfunction and any unintentional opening of the closure 1 or any unintentional pivoting of the chamber stem 5 is held back.

Claims (8)

1. A bolt (1) for a firearm, in particular a straight-pull repeating rifle, comprising a bolt housing and a bolt sleeve (3) guided therein, as well as a locking rod (4) guided in the bolt housing and the bolt sleeve (3), which locking rod (4) connects a bolt head facing a cartridge chamber to a bolt handle (5) via an interposed straight chain link (6), wherein the chain link (6) is hinged to the bolt handle (5) by means of a first pivot bearing (7) in a lateral recess thereof covering at least a one-third circle, and to the locking rod (4) by means of a second pivot bearing (8), and wherein the bolt handle (5) is pivotable about a third pivot bearing (10) between an opened position and a closed position, characterized in that a locking member (14) embracing a fourth pivot bearing (12) at least partially passing through the bolt handle (5) is disposed in abutment on the free end of the locking rod (4) located in the interior of the bolt (1), so as to be forcibly pivotable by a pivotal movement of the bolt handle (5).
2. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to claim 1, characterized in that an outer contour of the locking member (14) each comprises at least one rounded protrusion (22) and a recess (21) .
3. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to claim 2, characterized in that at least the at least one recess (21) and/or the at least one protrusion (22) of the locking member (14) interact with respectively complementary protrusions or recesses (20) of the bolt (1) in the opened position or closed position of the bolt (1).
4. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the chain link (6) is mounted on the locking rod (4) so as to be pivotable about a journal engaging a complementary recess (9), in particular a round hole, provided in the locking rod (4).
5. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a free end region located substantially opposite a butt of the bolt handle (5), in particular a protrusion (17), of the bolt handle (5) is held under pressure in an opened position by a resettably mounted pin (18).
6. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to claim 5, characterized in that the pin (18) is acted upon by a spring (19), in particular a spiral spring.
7. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the pin (18) is guided within the spiral spring (19), which is hinged to a retaining lug (20) defined in a rear base (2).
8. A bolt (1) for a firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, in a closed position of the bolt (1), a longitudinal axis (24) of the locking rod (4) encloses an angle, in particular an angle of between 0.01° and 0.3°, with an axis extending through the centers of the pivot bearings of the bolt handle and of the chain link.

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