EP3053410B1 - Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code multi-bits destiné à un signal de commande destiné à un consommateur - Google Patents

Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code multi-bits destiné à un signal de commande destiné à un consommateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3053410B1
EP3053410B1 EP14783571.4A EP14783571A EP3053410B1 EP 3053410 B1 EP3053410 B1 EP 3053410B1 EP 14783571 A EP14783571 A EP 14783571A EP 3053410 B1 EP3053410 B1 EP 3053410B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
code
code words
control signal
class
load
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3053410A2 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Burchard
Christian Schmitz
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Elmos Semiconductor SE
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Elmos Semiconductor SE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/345—Current stabilisation; Maintaining constant current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits

Definitions

  • the present application takes the priorities of the two European patent applications 14 155 995.5 dated February 20, 2014 and 14 156 035.9 of February 20, 2014 and the German patent application 10 2013 016 386.2 of September 30, 2013 in claim.
  • the invention relates to a method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multi-bit code for a Pulse Code Modulated (PCM) control signal for a consumer, in particular in its application in a lighting device and in particular in a device for setting multicolored light scenes in motor vehicles.
  • PCM Pulse Code Modulated
  • Electrical / electronic consumers can, for. B. can be controlled quite precisely by pulse modulation methods.
  • the invention, in which modulation is used, is described below using the control of LEDs as an example for an electronic consumer.
  • the PWM modulation has some disadvantages, especially with regard to EMC aspects, which will be described in detail below.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • PWM pulse length modulation
  • PWM Pulse-Width-Modulation
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • PDM Pulse Duration Modulation
  • lighting devices which comprise a plurality of light emitters in at least two different colors, which are designed to be coupled to a circuit that has a current source and a common potential reference and driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV ) for operating the plurality of light emitters, of which at least two are connected to the plurality of light emitters and the circuit and comprise switches corresponding to the respective current paths of the at least two differently colored light emitters.
  • said lighting device from the prior art contains a control for the periodic and independent opening and closing of at least two switches.
  • the controller has an externally assigned, changeable bus address in order to identify and react to the address portion of an input data flow, the data flow portion, in particular an addressed data packet, being assigned to this controller.
  • each light emitter is an LED and the controller generates a plurality of PWM signals, each PWM signal one LED of the plurality of LEDs of different colors is assigned and each of the PWM signals causes a corresponding one of the at least two switches to open and close at corresponding frequencies according to the respective work cycles and the data flow component being data for determining the respective work cycles of the at least two different colored LEDs includes (see e.g. EP-B-1 016 062 ).
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary spectrum for a bipolar PWM according to the prior art.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multi-bit code for a control signal for a consumer, in particular for supplying light emitters and / or LEDs with electrical energy
  • An interference spectrum that can be modeled within certain limits compared to the state of the art is created.
  • a subtask that will appear later in the description is the provision of a pseudo-random signal with a fill factor that deviates from 50%.
  • the invention proposes a method for generating a sequence of binary code words of a multi-bit code for a control signal for a consumer, the method having the features of claim 1.
  • Individual refinements of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.
  • the consumers are controlled by means of control signals that are modulated by means of binary code words, which is also called pulse density modulation or can be referred to as spread spectrum pulse density modulation.
  • binary code words which is also called pulse density modulation or can be referred to as spread spectrum pulse density modulation.
  • the code words of the code can be divided into several code classes. Each code class represents a certain energy / power with which a consumer is operated. If a consumer is now to be controlled with a specifiable energy / power that is assigned to a code class comprising several code words, their code words are used according to the invention in particular stochastically changing, i.e. randomly or quasi-randomly controlled alternating, or also deterministically varying.
  • the at least two control signals do not correlate and / or only after a predeterminable number of cycles, e.g. B. only after 256, 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 cycles for one or a few cycles together. This measure serves to suppress the occurrence and / or the effects of disturbances. “Correlation” here means that the auto- or the cross-correlation function assumes a value above a predefined threshold for predefined intervals.
  • a subset of code words is selected from the number of code words of a code class, and that the code words of this subset are used to form the control signal, the subset at least two and less than the number of code words of the relevant Includes code class.
  • the (interference) spectrum potentially emanating from the control of a device according to the invention can be specifically influenced in terms of frequency response and position.
  • control signals represent code words only from those code classes which comprise several code words, which have a percentage share of one bits based on the number n of bits of the multi-bit code, which is between a predetermined lower limit and a predetermined upper limit and / or lies within one or more predetermined ranges.
  • this results in a further degree of freedom for the predetermination of the (interference) spectrum with regard to its frequency response (s) and position (s).
  • each control signal representing a code word has a partial spectrum in the frequency range and thus each code word of each code class corresponds to a partial spectrum and that those code words whose partial spectra lie within a predeterminable overall spectrum are potentially used for the formation of the control signal become.
  • the target specification namely that the (interference) spectrum has a desired position and size, can be adhered to in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • the clock frequency of the control signals with which the code words are transmitted is mono-frequency or bandwidth-limited with a lower limit frequency unequal to zero and an upper limit frequency and thus variable. This creates further interference spectra suppresses what has to do with the asynchronous clocking, as indicated above as advantageous.
  • one or more code words of one or at least one other code class can be transmitted within a time sequence of code words of one code class. It should be noted here that such a modification, i. H. the "sprinkling" of code words of other code classes than those representing the electrical voltage, the electrical current or the electrical power with which the consumer is currently to be supplied can be advantageous with regard to the above-mentioned property restrictions of a consumer.
  • This will be explained below using an LED as a consumer, in which the control unit regulates the color temperature of the LED using a setpoint and an actual color temperature value by regulating the maximum current and / or the maximum voltage and / or the maximum energy of the respective control signal.
  • the supply of the consumer with electrical power can be adapted to its potential "loss of properties" and thus compensated for.
  • the background to this measure is that a consumer can react differently when triggered by the signals generated according to the invention with code words from the same code class. This is because the position of the one-bits of the code words of one and the same code class is different.
  • Pulse-amplitude modulation PAM
  • pulse-frequency modulation PFM
  • pulse-width modulation PWM
  • pulse-pause modulation PPM
  • pulse-phase modulation PPM
  • pulse-position modulation PPM
  • the consumer works for different lengths of time with the operating voltage or the corresponding operating current defined by a one-bit, depending on the code word and the sequence of the one-bits. This can be B. with light sources and especially with LEDs have an influence on their color temperature. Therefore, this effect is corrected by a variable value (which is represented by a one-bit of the code) for the voltage, the current or the power to be supplied to the consumer.
  • the above knowledge can also be used to exclude those code words of a code class for activation whose one-bit patterns are less advantageous for the operation of a consumer than other one-bit patterns of this code class.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for supplying at least one electrical / electronic such.
  • B. residential and / or industrial buildings, accessories, transport can be found with electrical energy.
  • the invention solves the problem of uncontrolled EMC emissions by using random bit sequences or pseudo random bit sequences.
  • Such random sequences and pseudo-random sequences have the property that approx. 50% of the bits are 1 and approx. 50% of the bits are 0.
  • a true random sequence is white noise. If such a sequence were used directly to control the lighting means, in particular LEDs, their luminosity would also be noisy in frequency ranges that are perceived by the human eye become. This is not wanted. It is therefore important that the random sequence is band limited. In particular, it is important that the amplitude of the control signal is below a lower limit frequency ⁇ u in the ideal case zero or negligible for the purpose of the application.
  • T clk here means the clock cycle duration for the shifting process.
  • the feedback is done by a simple primitive polynomial.
  • the reciprocal of the maximum period T P is the lower limit frequency. It should be noted, however, that such a pseudo-random sequence always has an average expected value of approx. 50% for a 1 and is therefore not suitable for amplitude control.
  • the subtask is thus how a pseudo-random sequence or, better still, a random sequence with a predetermined expected value smaller or larger than 50% can be generated.
  • this expected value is referred to as “fill factor”, since it determines how many 1-bits on average result in how many 0-bits of a code word.
  • the invention solves this subtask with the aid of at least two predefinable codes that are sent with a constant clock rate.
  • a 4-bit code is discussed, as this can be shown briefly and simplified in the drawings and the description. In a real application should be considered essential in an analogous way longer codes are used. In this respect, this description is only an example and expressly does not limit the disclosure to this code length.
  • a controlled device can have several lighting means (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) which are each connected to a driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) via supply lines (102, 103, 104).
  • a controller regulates the power and / or the current and / or the voltage that the respective driver (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) outputs to the lighting means (106, 107, 108, R, G, B).
  • a current control In the case of an LED circuit, which can consist of parallel and series circuits of LEDs, this is preferably a current control.
  • a voltage or power control is just as useful.
  • a channel (CHN) generates a control signal (102, 103, 104) according to a predetermined code, the active code, and the method described below.
  • This active code (in the said, for example, a 4-bit code) can each be stored in a memory (CTAB) for the exemplary 16 codes which result from the said exemplary 4 bits.
  • CTAB memory
  • Such an exemplary code table is given below for said exemplary 4-bit code.
  • the number of 1-bits in a code in bits
  • the length of the code also in bits
  • the maximum fill factor is therefore 100%.
  • a numerical value of 0 of said exemplary 4 control bits should correspond to a power or current output of 0% and a fill factor of 0%.
  • a numerical value of 16, i.e. the numerical value of the code in which all 4 bits are logical 1, should correspond to a radiation power of 100% and a fill factor of 100%.
  • a 3-bit data word for selecting the fill factor corresponds to a code class in each case.
  • a code can, for example, have more than 16 bits for the said example, the specific code being selected, for example, by a 4-bit random number from the set of codes with the same fill factor.
  • code class 0 with a fill factor of 0% with only one code
  • code class 1 with a fill factor of 25% with four codes
  • code class 2 with a fill factor of 50% with six codes
  • code class 3 with a fill factor of 75% with four codes
  • code class 4 with a fill factor of 100% with just one code (see the right-hand column in the table).
  • the exchange can take place, for example, in that, for example, as described above, by means of a feedback shift register and a simple primitive polynomial, which is implemented, for example, in the form of a corresponding logic, a random or pseudo-random number (ZZ) is generated in a random generator (ZG), which is now not used directly to control the light source and / or the LED, but to select the active codes to be used from the set of permitted and / or possible codes for the next transmission period from the codes of the specified code class is used by a controller (CTR) and defines this active code to be used.
  • the code class corresponds to the required fill factor. Its function corresponds to that of the pulse duty factor in a PWM.
  • a fill factor for the control signal can be established that deviates significantly from 50%, i.e. at least in certain operating situations it is less than 45% and / or more than 55%.
  • the entire control signal that is generated by the controller (CTR) becomes a band-limited aperiodic quasi-random or random signal with a fill factor corresponding to the selected code class, which is useful for controlling the lamps and especially of LEDs.
  • codes within a code class can be restricted due to EMC requirements. For example, based on the example discussed here, it is conceivable not to use all six codes with a fill factor of 50% (see table), but for example only two or even only one of these six possible codes. If only one code were used, however, a periodic signal would result, since the code can then no longer be selected on the basis of the random signal and the control signal would lose the property of a random signal.
  • a code bit sequence 0010 could thus be transformed into sequence 0110, whereby the first 1 of the sequence is due to the low-pass properties of the driver (DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3), the leads (102, 103, 103) and the LEDs (106 , 107, 108, R, G, B) is not shown, so that the desired code 0010 results again as the active code effectively shown by the LEDs.
  • a lighting device that can be controlled according to the invention therefore typically comprises, in a special embodiment, a plurality of light means and / or LEDs in at least two, but typically three or four or more different colors. These are typically designed to be connected to an electrical power supply.
  • the power supply contains an electrical circuit and a common potential reference (105).
  • the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) for operating the plurality of light emitters and / or LEDs are also part of the device.
  • the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) are connected to said lighting means and / or LEDs and the circuit and to the respective current paths (102, 103, 104) which comprise switches and / or regulators corresponding to at least two different colored lighting means / LEDs .
  • a control is provided for aperiodic and independent opening and closing of the at least two switches or at least two regulators. Included In the case of a said regulator, opening and closing should be understood to mean a reduction or increase in the energy throughput through the respective regulator.
  • the controller is connected to a wired or wireless data network and / or a data line and / or a data bus.
  • the control can have a bus address that can be changed from the outside by means of programming or with the aid of an address generator which is part of the device. This bus address is used by the device to e.g. B. to filter out data, in particular data packets or other data messages, from the data stream.
  • CTAB code or parts of the code table
  • CTAB code table
  • CTAB code table
  • the controller (101) typically generates a plurality of control signals (102, 103, 104) by means of the drivers (TR1, TR2, TR3).
  • the control signals (102, 103, 104) do not correlate with one another. This non-correlation can also only relate to sections of the signals. It is conceivable, for example, that a correlation does not occur until after 256 or 512 or 1024 or 2048 or 4096 cycles, but this does not correspond to the technical optimum. However, the non-correlation is not absolutely necessary.
  • Each of the control signals (102, 103, 104) corresponds to a color of the plurality of LEDs (106, 107, 108, R, G, B) and / or light sources of different colors.
  • Each of the control signals (102, 103, 104) is generated by at least one corresponding switch or regulator assigned to the respective control signal for opening and closing the respective logic state of the internal control signal (S) of the respective channel (CHN) of the control unit (101) which is also associated with the respective control signal.
  • the frequency spectrum of the magnitude of the frequency of the control signal is band-limited, as described above. This means that the signal has a lower limit frequency ⁇ u and / or an upper limit frequency ⁇ o .
  • said data flow component determines the data for determining the respective active areas of the transmission codes which the at least two differently colored LEDs emit. It is particularly advantageous if the data flow component, that is to say typically a data packet intended for the device, determines a predefined or preprogrammed color palette in the form of a subset of the possible active codes. The device therefore has per lamp via a sub-device that converts the subset of the possible active codes corresponding to this data flow component into a random sequence of switch-on and switch-off signals and, in particular, into a control signal (S) for said switches with the preselected fill factor.
  • S control signal
  • the controller comprises at least two registers for controlling the at least two differently colored light sources / LEDs.
  • registers instead of two registers, parts of registers can of course also be used. These registers or register parts are each used to store values which, for example, the said data interface receives from a data flow. These data flow components, in particular data packets, are then assigned to the respective differently colored light sources / LEDs and, for example, each specify the said fill factor and thus the active code class.
  • this can be done in a direct way in the form that the content of the data flow component directly reflects the fill factor that is to be used or, on the other hand, it can be done in such a way that the content of the data flow component refers to the fill factor directly or indirectly via other tables, to be used.
  • the use of color palettes is conceivable, to which the contents of the register can then refer. This is particularly efficient when e.g. B. there is a restriction to 16 colors. In this case, not all of the data but, for example, only a 4-bit data word for the color have to be transmitted.
  • the fill factor of each individual control signal (102, 103, 104, Out) is then determined with the aid of the color palette.
  • the invention can expediently have a control which is set up to suitably set the code fill factor. As described above, it is determined which type of codes may be used at all. In the example shown here, a four-bit code results The possible filling factors of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the exemplary code classes 0 to 4. As can be seen in the table above, the maximum number for the filling factors is close to the value of 50% possible with code variations. If this code is sent to a light source or an LED, the average switch-on duration per switch-on cycle is equal to the product of the code transmission duration and the fill factor. This means that the behavior is analogous to that of a PWM, in which the data values for determining the average switch-on duration per unit of time are assigned to the associated color LEDs (generally color lamps).
  • the controller comprises at least one further register for controlling the at least two differently colored light sources or LEDs.
  • this additional third register parts of registers can of course also be used.
  • This third register or this third register part is used in each case to store a third value which, for example, the said data interface also receives from a data flow.
  • the direct use of the value is possible, but also indirect use via a code palette that may be assigned to the color palette.
  • the content of the third value refers, for example, to the correct code table.
  • This data flow component in particular a data packet, is assigned to the active code table when it is used directly and controls, for example, the selection of the codes from the code table.
  • the device It is basically sensible to provide the device with a housing which essentially surrounds the plurality of lighting means or LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the said controller (101).
  • the latter comprises an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum currents supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs in order to keep the maximum currents at constant maximum values to keep.
  • the amplitude of the pulse signal is also typically regulated.
  • the invention can provide a color sensor which enables the control unit (101) to readjust the fill factor and / or the color temperature of the illuminants or LEDs so that the desired color emission or color reflection of the irradiated object is achieved.
  • this includes an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of lighting means or LEDs in order to keep the maximum energy absorbed by the lighting means or LEDs at constant maximum values.
  • an electrical regulator for controlling the maximum energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of lighting means or LEDs in order to keep the maximum energy absorbed by the lighting means or LEDs at constant maximum values.
  • such a regulation has the advantage that the amount of energy that is converted can be kept under control.
  • the invention comprises a controller for controlling the maximum currents or the maximum electrical energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs in order to keep the maximum currents and / or maximum energy at constant maximum values, the housing essentially in addition to Plurality of LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the controller (101) now also surrounds the controller (PWR).
  • a controller for controlling the maximum currents or the maximum electrical energy supplied via the current paths to the plurality of LEDs in order to keep the maximum currents and / or maximum energy at constant maximum values
  • the housing essentially in addition to Plurality of LEDs, the driver means (TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV) and the controller (101) now also surrounds the controller (PWR).
  • the control for identifying and reacting to an input data flow component i.e. the respective data packet
  • a first data interface and a second data interface are available. The transmission from the first data interface to the second data interface should preferably depend on whether the data interface has already received a valid bus address. If this is not the case, the data packets will not be forwarded.
  • the invention uses a radio interface and / or a Bluetooth interface and / or a WLAN interface.
  • each input data flow component advantageously comprises in each case a data word composed of one or a plurality of bits or bytes for each illuminant or LED color.
  • the byte contains 8 data bits for defining the intensity of the respective LED color within a range that corresponds to the decimal numbers 0 to 255.
  • the controller is set up to control the fill factor of the codes used in each case in accordance with the bit content of the respective data word.
  • a consumer comprises a plurality of red and / or green and / or blue and / or yellow and / or white illuminants or LEDs and / or UV illuminants or - LEDs and / or IR illuminants or . -LEDs.
  • the plurality of lighting means or LEDs can comprise a serial and / or parallel arrangement of lighting means or LEDs.
  • Such a device can be used in a lighting network.
  • a lighting network comprises a central controller for generating said input data flow and a plurality of lighting devices as described above.
  • Each of the lighting devices should be set up to receive the data flow and to set its changeable bus address during the initialization phase differently from the other lighting devices of the lighting network and in contrast to the prior art itself, in order to ensure that the lighting devices are set to different proportions of the Respond to the input data flow. It is therefore of particular advantage if each of the lighting devices has a device for generating a variable network address (bus address) itself, which preferably depends on the position in the lighting network. Exemplary procedures for this are given in DE-B-102 56 631 , EP-B-1 490 772 , EP-B-1,364,288 and / or in EP-A-2 571 200 disclosed.
  • the controller makes a bus address available to all bus users (lighting device) at the same time, for example, and the bus users decide whether this bus address is suitable for the respective bus user. If this decision is positive, the bus participant takes over the provided bus address and signals to all other bus participants that this bus address has been taken over or that the next bus address should now be taken over by another bus participant. This signaling can take place, for example, by routing the data flow from said first data interface of the lighting device to said second data interface of the lighting device and vice versa from the point in time from which the variable bus address of the lighting device was accepted.
  • the bus address is therefore not specifically assigned to a bus user. It is therefore the case that the controller provides the network - i.e. all bus participants - with a (free) bus address. Individual bus users decide independently according to this procedure whether they should use this bus address. It is therefore not an assignment related to an individual bus participant, but an assignment of the bus address to a network position.
  • the particular advantage of this procedure is that the individual bus users receive their bus address based on their position and do not have to be preconfigured.
  • bus participant selects one of the bus addresses independently, determined by its position in the cable harness.
  • Fig. 1 shows the spectrum of a bipolar PWM according to the prior art.
  • Fig. 2 shows the schematic structure of an exemplary device 100 which can be controlled according to the invention and has three groups of RGB lighting means 108, 107, 106, in particular in the form of LEDs.
  • a group can also contain only one light source and further electrical components and devices.
  • the control unit 101 has a data interface 109.
  • the device 100 communicates via this data interface 109 with the lighting network into which the device 100 is integrated.
  • the control unit 101 outputs three control signals 102, 103, 104 with which the groups of RGB lighting means 106, 107, 108 are operated.
  • the group of lamps marked with "R” should emit red light
  • the group of lamps marked with "B” should emit blue light
  • the group of lamps marked with "G” should emit green light.
  • the first control signal 102 is assigned to the red light group 108
  • the second control signal 103 is assigned to the blue light group 107
  • the third control signal 104 is assigned to the green light group 106.
  • All components 101, 106, 107, 108 are connected via a reference potential 105. In a motor vehicle, this reference potential is preferably connected to the body.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary basic system clock 1 'which determines the position of the edges of the control signal 4'. The time is shown from left to right.
  • the codes 2 ' which are each active, are shown.
  • the possible exemplary codes with an exemplary code length of four are listed in the table above. These are the exemplary 4-bit codes already shown. In reality, as mentioned, other and especially larger code lengths make sense. Since the codes have a code length of four bits, a new random number 5 'is first determined with every fourth cycle of the basic system cycle 1' and then the corresponding code is selected as the new active code 2 '.
  • the method for determining the random number 5 ' is preferably selected in such a way that all codes of the currently active fill factor can be selected with the same probability. In the example, the active fill factor is 50%.
  • the basic system clock 1 'could instead of monofrequency, as in Fig. 3 shown, bandwidth-limited within predeterminable frequency limits (with the lower limit not equal to zero), which would lead to an asynchronous clocking of the system.
  • Fig. 4 shows an exemplary implementation of the control unit 101.
  • the exemplary control unit has a microcontroller ⁇ C which, together with a memory unit RAM / ROM / FLASH and the clock generator CLK, forms a microcomputer system.
  • the sub-devices of the exemplary microcomputer system are connected to one another via an internal data and control bus IBUS.
  • a data interface IF is connected to this internal data and control bus IBUS, via which the micro-controller ⁇ C can communicate with the rest of the lighting network.
  • the data interface IF is connected to the external bus EBUS, which together with the aforementioned data interface (IF) with the aforementioned external data interface (109) of the Fig. 2 is identical.
  • a power supply PWR supplies the device with power.
  • the power supply PWR receives the electrical energy via an external power connection EXTPWR. It is advantageous if the micro-controller ⁇ C can query their status via the internal bus IBUS and thereby, if necessary, change the performance of the device.
  • a circuit for detecting the switch-on process PWRst resets the device to a defined state when the external energy supply of the device is switched on via the external energy connection EXTPWR.
  • an address generation AdrGen tries to generate a bus address that is only assigned once in the lighting network. This is made available to the IF interface. This basic computer system largely corresponds to the state of the art.
  • the device now has a channel CHN, CHN1, CHN2, CHN3 via a driver device DRV, TR1, TR2, TR3 with an output signal Out, which each have one of said control signals 102, 103, 104 as an output signal Out for one of the aforementioned groups generated by RGB lamps 108, 106, 107.
  • a random generator ZG With the help of the time base CLK, a random generator ZG generates a random number ZZ and makes this available to a controller CTR. With the aid of the time base CLK, the code table CTAB and a register value REG which defines the fill factor, the controller generates the control signal S. This is converted by a driver DRV to the said low-resistance output signal Out.
  • the driver can contain a regulator that regulates the maximum level of the out signal according to a specification. This specification can in particular be made externally, for example via a register or by measuring the color temperature.
  • the controller can regulate the maximum current or the maximum energy or the maximum voltage. Regulation of the maximum current is particularly advantageous. In this sense, the controller is part of the driver.
  • the driver generally has at least one first switch which, as a function of the control signal S, connects the driver output Out to the energy source, preferably via the controller.
  • the driver will have a push-pull stage with two switches, of which the additional second switch only connects the output Out to the reference potential 105, for example, when the other previously mentioned first switch is open. Bipolar or field effect transistors or the like are typically used as switches.
  • the driver DRV is supplied with energy by the power supply PWR.
  • the reference potential 105 is supplied via a separate connection Ref.
  • the current of the drivers TR1, TR2, TR3, DRV from the RGB lamps 106, 107, 108 and LEDs is fed back via this connection.
  • three channels CHN are necessary.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary lighting network with a central control unit CENTR and four exemplary devices 100 which are connected to one another via a star-shaped bus.
  • Fig. 6 shows an exemplary lighting network with a central control unit CENTR and four exemplary devices 100 that are connected to one another via a sequential bus. Each of the devices has a further second data interface. This enables a method for determining the changeable bus address to be carried out as in FIG DE-B-102 56 631 , EP-B-1 490 772 , EP-B-1,364,288 and / or in EP-A-2 571 200 disclosed.
  • Fig. 7 shows an exemplary schematic device with two interfaces IF1, IF2, which are each connected to a data bus EBUS1, EBUS2.
  • This device is suitable for a bus system Fig. 6 suitable.
  • the device also has, for example, a radio interface TX / RX.
  • Fig. 8 shows an exemplary schematic device 200 with inductive loads 206, 207, 208 connected to a star.
  • the control device 201 described above generates a control signal 202, 203, 204 by means of three channels CHN1, CHN2, CHN3 each with a driver TR
  • the technology knows that such constructions are suitable, for example, For example, to control the stator field coils of brushless DC motors.
  • the drivers TR must be suitable for controlling inductive loads.
  • An exemplary implementation of such a driver stage is over EP-A-2 688 209 famous.
  • the star point serves as a potential reference 205.
  • the control device 201 is again controlled via a data bus.
  • Such constructions are preferably used for the generation of rotating fields.
  • Fig. 9 shows a device similar to that of FIG Fig. 8 with the difference that the star point 205 is now controlled via a further channel CHN4 and an associated driver TR.
  • the output of the driver 210 drives a separate star point inductance.
  • the aim is typically that the neutral point voltage is 0V.
  • Such a topology is useful, for example, if the information from the measuring means of the channels CHN1, CHN2, CHN3, CHN4 is also to be used to determine the position of the rotor of a rotating machine, for example a brushless DC motor.
  • Fig. 10 shows a device similar to that of FIG Fig. 9 with the difference that the reference potential of the control device 201 is no longer connected to the star point.
  • Fig. 11 shows a device similar to that in FIG Fig. 8 with the difference that the inductances are now connected in a triangle.
  • Fig. 12 shows another relevant application, which is particularly useful for discussing the possibilities for improving electromagnetic compatibility.
  • the device has only a single channel CHN1 here.
  • This controls the line 302 via the driver TR.
  • the line has a parasitic inductance 308 and a parasitic capacitance 312. It is the task of the circuit 300 to supply a consumer 307, for example an LED, with electrical energy in such a way that Due to the switching processes, the resonant circuit made up of inductance 308 and capacitance 307 does not start to oscillate or, if this should happen, it swings out quickly.
  • the problem is not limited to the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit consisting of inductance 308 and capacitance 312, but typically also extends to harmonics of the resonance frequency.
  • a sensitivity spectrum e (f) can be specified as a function of the frequency.
  • the control unit stores at least one time-limited sequence of the codes sent and thus the bit sequence sent.
  • the control device 201 Before a code is transmitted, it is checked for suitability by the control device 201. The most suitable code is sent.
  • This suitability test that is to say an evaluation, takes place, for example, in such a way that the stored code sequence is supplemented by the code to be evaluated and the code sequence obtained in this way is Fourier transformed.
  • the length of the code sequence obtained in this way does not itself generate transients that correlate with the resonance frequency and / or its harmonic frequencies.
  • the spectrum of the supplemented code sequence obtained by the Fourier transformation is multiplied by the sensitivity spectrum e (f) and the product is integrated over the area of interest.
  • the number obtained in this way is an exemplary measure of the correlation and thus of the extent to which the code would stimulate the resonance or one of the possible harmonics.
  • the code with the least excitation in this example the code with the lowest rating, is selected for the broadcast. If the application is known very precisely, various fill factors can be used the code to be selected or a sequence of codes to be selected can already be calculated in advance in the design phase and stored in the device or hard-wired.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code multi-bits destiné à des signaux de commande modulés par impulsions et codage (PCM) pour l'alimentation d'un premier récepteur et d'au moins un deuxième récepteur, dans lequel, lors du procédé
    - un code multi-bits doté d'une pluralité de mots de code binaires (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) dotés respectivement du même nombre de n-bits avec n > 1 est fourni, ceux-ci étant divisés en au moins deux classes de code (1, 2, 3, 4) de mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1), et
    - le premier récepteur est commandé au moyen d'un premier signal de commande et l'au moins un deuxième récepteur est commandé au moyen d'un deuxième signal de commande ou chaque récepteur supplémentaire est commandé au moyen d'un signal de commande supplémentaire respectif,
    - dans lequel chaque signal de commande (4') est généré comme séquence des mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) d'une classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4), les mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) de cette classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4) se succédant dans le signal de commande (4) de manière aléatoire ou quasi-aléatoire ou dans un ordre variant de manière arbitraire ou déterministe,
    - dans lequel parmi le nombre de mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) d'une classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4) est sélectionné un sous-ensemble de mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) comprenant au moins deux mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1), et dans lequel les mots de code de ce sous-ensemble sont utilisés sous forme d'une séquence de ces mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) afin de former le signal de commande (4) et
    - dans lequel les classes de code (1, 2, 3, 4) sont associées à différentes puissances auxquelles le récepteur peut fonctionner,
    caractérisé
    - en ce qu'au moins une classe de code comporte plusieurs mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) avec le même nombre de 1-bits,
    - en ce que le nombre de 1-bits des mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) des classes de code est différent d'une classe de code à l'autre,
    - en ce qu'ensuite, lorsque la puissance électrique avec laquelle un récepteur est commandé doit rester inchangée et la classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4) associée à cette puissance comporte plusieurs mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1), des signaux de commande avec différents mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) issus du groupe des mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) de la classe (1, 2, 3, 4) associée à la puissance sont générés l'un après l'autre pour ce récepteur et
    - en ce que les au moins deux signaux de commande (4') ne sont pas corrélés l'un à l'autre et/ou ne sont corrélés l'un à l'autre que pendant une ou quelques périodes après un nombre prédéfinissable de périodes, par exemple après 256, 512, 1024, 2048 ou 4096 périodes, dans lequel la corrélation signifie que la fonction d'autocorrélation ou d'intercorrélation adopte à des intervalles prédéfinis une valeur supérieure à un seuil prédéfini.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ordre des mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) d'une classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4) formant le signal de commande (4') se répète de manière cyclique.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'en tant que classe de code parmi laquelle les mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) formant le signal de commande (4') sont sélectionnés, ne sont choisies qu'une ou plusieurs classes de code (1, 2, 3, 4) telles que les mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) respectifs qui lui ou leur sont associés ont un nombre de 1-bits situé à l'intérieur d'une ou plusieurs plages de pourcentage prédéfinissables par rapport au nombre de n-bits du code multi-bits.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'une ou une des plages de pourcentage prédéfinissables est située entre 30 % et 70 %, en particulier entre 45 % et 60 %.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque signal de commande (4') représentant un mot de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) comporte un sous-spectre dans la gamme de fréquences et ainsi à chaque mot de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) de chaque classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4) correspond un sous-spectre et en ce que les mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) dont les sous-spectres sont situés à l'intérieur d'un spectre total prédéfinissable sont utilisés pour former le signal de commande (4').
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence d'horloge des signaux de commande (4') avec lesquels les mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) sont transmis est monofréquentielle ou à bande limitée avec une fréquence limite inférieure différente de 0 et une fréquence limite supérieure et est donc variable.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'intérieur d'une succession chronologique de mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) d'une classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4) un ou plusieurs mots de code (0-1, 1-1 à 1-4, 2-1 à 2-6, 3-1 à 3-4, 4-1) sont transmis à une ou à au moins une autre classe de code (1, 2, 3, 4).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par son utilisation pour l'alimentation en énergie électrique d'au moins un récepteur tel qu'il existe dans les composants/constituants électriques/électroniques dans le domaine automobile et/ou la vie quotidienne pour par exemple les bâtiments résidentiels ou industriels, les accessoires, les transports.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le récepteur est un récepteur électrique/électronique, électromécanique, électroacoustique ou électrooptique.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les récepteurs sont des moyens d'éclairage.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'éclairage sont réalisés respectivement comme LED.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les récepteurs comportent respectivement une charge parasite, résistive et/ou inductive et/ou capacitive.
EP14783571.4A 2013-09-30 2014-09-30 Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code multi-bits destiné à un signal de commande destiné à un consommateur Active EP3053410B1 (fr)

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DE102013016386.2A DE102013016386A1 (de) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Einstellung mehrfarbiger Lichtszenen in Kfz
EP14156035.9A EP2854483A1 (fr) 2013-09-30 2014-02-20 Dispositif d'éclairage
EP14155995.5A EP2854482A1 (fr) 2013-09-30 2014-02-20 Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code à bits multiples pour un signal de commande Pulse Modulated pour un consommateur
PCT/EP2014/070885 WO2015044442A2 (fr) 2013-09-30 2014-09-30 Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code multi-bits destiné à un signal de commande destiné à un consommateur
EP14783571.4A EP3053410B1 (fr) 2013-09-30 2014-09-30 Procédé de génération d'une séquence de mots de code binaires d'un code multi-bits destiné à un signal de commande destiné à un consommateur

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DE102014014678B4 (de) 2014-09-29 2020-08-06 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von PWM-modulierten Signalen für die Versorgung von LEDs für die Beleuchtung in Kfz
DE102014014680B4 (de) 2014-09-29 2020-08-06 Elmos Semiconductor Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Erzeugung von PWM-modulierten Signalen für die Versorgung von LEDs für die Beleuchtung in Kfz
DE102014014677B4 (de) 2014-09-29 2023-08-31 Elmos Semiconductor Se Verfahren zur Erzeugung von PDM-modulierten Signalen für die Versorgung von LEDs für die Beleuchtung in Kfz
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EP3053409A2 (fr) 2016-08-10
DE102013016386A1 (de) 2015-04-02
WO2015044442A2 (fr) 2015-04-02
EP3053409B1 (fr) 2019-08-28
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WO2015044447A3 (fr) 2015-08-13

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