Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
  • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
  • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
  • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
  • G06K7/10297—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
  • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
  • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
  • G06F16/955—Retrieval from the web using information identifiers, e.g. uniform resource locators [URL]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
  • H04L69/02—Protocol performance

Definitions

• radio-identification is a technique for identifying and tracking objects or living beings by means of a radio-tag, also known as a radio-identifier or RFID tag or "tag " in English.
• radio-tags also known as a radio-identifier or RFID tag or "tag " in English.
• RF Radio Frequency
• Passive tag-tags such a tag does not include an RF transmitter but operates in a backscatter mode (also called retromodulation or radio reflection), that is, it reflects and modulates wave from the reader so as to transmit information to it (eg a digital identification).
• the wave coming from the reader is also used by the passive tag to power the electronic circuit it embeds, if any;
• Battery-assisted passive radio-tags or a local energy collection system (also known as the "energy harvesting system”): such a label embeds a power supply used to power an integrated electronic circuit and / or improve the RF sensitivity of the radio-tag. However, it operates in backscatter mode to transmit information to the reader; and
• Active radio-tags which carry both an RF transmitter and an energy source supplying this transmitter. Communication with the reader is then in peer-to-peer mode.
• passive radio-tags or “passive radio-tags operating in a backscatter mode” generally include passive radio-tags, whether or not they are assisted by battery or by a radio-relay system. local energy collection.
• RFID readers are active devices that emit radio frequencies to activate radio-tags in the vicinity of the radio by providing them with the energy they have need to work.
• the range of communications between the reader and the radio-tags depends, of course, on the frequency range used (eg Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF) or Ultra High Frequency).
• LF Low Frequency
• HF High Frequency
• Ultra High Frequency e.g. Low Frequency
• -High frequencies or UHF for "Ultra High Frequency”
• the reader also sends specific commands to the radio-tags (eg reading a specific address of the radio-tag) to which these respond: typically, such a response consists in the provision by the radio-label to the reader of a digital identifier stored in a dedicated memory address identified in the drive of the readers.
• the RFID communication protocols between the reader and radio tags are therefore essentially based on a radio interface implementing low level protocols (layers 1 and 2 of the Open Systems Interconnections (OSI) model).
• OSI Open Systems Interconnections
• applications making use of RFID techniques must interact directly with the radio interfaces of the radio tags, and be connected to the RFID readers either directly or via a telecommunications network (eg public Internet network).
• RFIDs have a much larger volume of data to communicate to the applications that use them compared to a simple digital ID.
• RFID communication protocols the only possibility for an application to obtain data collected by a radio-label is to know on the one hand what data to look for, and secondly, where to read this data on the radio-tag (typically at which memory address), in order to issue appropriate requests to the radio-tag via the reader.
• the invention responds in particular to this need by proposing a communication method, intended to be implemented by a passive radio-tag reader operating in backscatter mode, the reader and the radio-labels communicating via at least a first protocol of radio interface, this radio interface comprising at least one protocol layer, this communication method comprising: A step of sending to the radio-tags a polling message conforming to said at least one first protocol, this polling message inviting the radio tags having data to be transmitted to a destination entity to declare it;
• the invention also relates to a method for supplying a reader of radio tags with data intended for a destination entity, this delivery method being intended to be implemented by a passive radio-tag operating in backscatter mode, this radio label being able to communicate with the reader via at least one first radio interface protocol, this radio interface comprising at least one protocol layer, the supply method comprising:
• the invention also relates to a passive radio-tag reader operating in backscatter mode, this reader and the radio tags being able to communicate via at least one first radio interface protocol, this radio interface comprising at least one layer protocol, said reader comprising:
• a module activated following the declaration of at least one radio-label, of reception of a message conforming to said at least one first protocol originating from this radio-tag, this message comprising data destined for the destination entity encapsulated according to at least a second protocol of a protocol layer greater than said at least one protocol layer of the radio interface;
• the invention also relates to a passive radio-tag operating in backscatter mode, able to communicate with a radio-tag reader via at least a first radio interface protocol, this radio interface comprising at least one protocol layer, this radio-relay device.
• label including:
• a module activated if the radio-label declares to the reader that it has data to be transmitted to the destination entity, of encapsulation of said data according to at least a second protocol of a protocol layer greater than said at least one protocol layer of the radio interface;
• the invention proposes to make passive radio-tags communicating with the reader capable of providing the reader with their own initiative (that is to say pushing) data collected or processed by them (eg logs, alarms). , relevant events, etc.) for transmission to a destination entity.
• passive radio tags operating in backscatter mode that can only communicate when powered (i.e. illuminated) by a reader are made functionally active.
• No limitation is attached to the nature of this recipient entity, which may vary depending on the context of use of the invention. This may include a software application, an information system, a server, or even another radio-tag, etc., connected to the tag reader either directly either through a telecommunications network.
• the invention is based on three main elements, namely:
• a protocol layer is for example a transport layer, network or application of the OSI communications model.
• This upper protocol layer is used to encapsulate the data that the radio-label wishes to push towards the destination entity, the encapsulated data then being conventionally transmitted to the reader via the radio interface defined between the reader and the radio-tag. So, for example, the data may be encapsulated according to an IP network layer protocol and / or at least one transport layer protocol operating over the IP protocol;
• the reader acts as a transparent transmission channel for data between the radio label and the recipient entity. It is not necessary or even recommended that the reader be able to interpret the encapsulated data, so as to preserve the security of the exchanges between the radio-label and the destination entity (in particular a secure transport protocol as per Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) example can be used to encapsulate the data transmitted to the destination entity). It should be noted, however, that, alternatively, the reader may be configured to perform processing on the data before transmitting it to the destination entity.
• DTLS Datagram Transport Layer Security
• the radio-tag can, depending on the context in which it is located (eg detection of particular events, collection of a sufficient quantity of data, etc.), decide proactively to push data to the destination entity, while respecting the constraints imposed by the current RFID protocols (in other words, the radio interface defined by these protocols and the operation in backscatter mode of the passive radio tags).
• the answers of the radio-label are indeed no longer deterministic and only on the initiative of the reader contrary to the state of the art, but they now depend on the radio-label and its context (ie if the radio-label decides that data must be transmitted to the recipient entity). With the invention, therefore, there is a new distribution of the application intelligence between the radio-label and the destination entity (as opposed to the state of the art, where this intelligence is distributed between the reader and the destination entity) .
• the radio-tag according to the invention thus differs from the existing radio-tags in that it is able not only to decide when to go back data to a destination entity, but also to transmit where appropriate these data to the encapsulated reader according to the invention.
• a protocol interpretable by the recipient entity in particular to secure its exchanges with it. This transmission can be done for example by updating a specific memory address of the radio-label provided for this purpose, or sending a specific command to the reader.
• the invention offers the possibility of relying on existing commands of known radio interfaces, or on the contrary requires the introduction of new commands in these radio interfaces.
• the communication method comprises an inventory step comprising sending an inventory message inviting the radio tags located in the radio proximity of the reader to identify with him.
• This inventory step can be performed simultaneously with the scanning step. More precisely, the scan message sent by the reader can be included in the inventory message or be confused with it, ie it is the inventory message itself issued in accordance with the first protocol which is interpreted by the tags as an invitation to declare, if necessary, that they have data to transmit, and therefore represents as such a polling message within the meaning of the invention.
• This makes it possible to reuse the functions already provided for in certain existing communication protocols via radio tags, such as the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) Electronic Product Code (EPC) Gen 2 protocol.
• two separate messages for the inventory and the polling can be sent at different times (eg first the inventory message and then the polling message, for example to the tags that have identified in response to the message of the message. 'inventory).
• a specific message is provided according to the first protocol for inviting the radio tags to declare themselves.
• the polling message can exploit an existing command in the first protocol, but designate a memory address different from that designated in the inventory message.
• the step of sending the polling message is repeated preferentially periodically. In this way, regular reassembly of the data from the radio tags to the destination entity is ensured.
• the communication method implemented by the reader further comprises:
• the method of provision implemented by the radio-tag further comprises:
• This embodiment makes it possible to establish not only an uplink of the radio-tag to the destination entity but also a downlink of the destination entity to the radio-tag so as to allow the exchange of data between these two entities.
• Such an exchange favors the use of radio tags for applications such as, for example, banking transactions, the detection of specific events (eg alarm, exceeding a threshold, etc.) and the transmission of configuration data or radio tag commands in response to this detection, etc.
• the communication method comprises a step of reading a predetermined memory address of the radio tags to determine whether these radio tags have data to be transmitted to the destination entity.
• the radio-label signals the reader that it has data to transmit using a specific predetermined command.
• the delivery method comprises a step of receiving an inventory message from the reader inviting the radio-tag to identify with him, the radio-tag identifying with the reader only if it has data to transmit to the recipient entity.
• the various steps of the communication method and / or the method of supply are determined by instructions of computer programs or microcontrollers.
• the invention also relates to a computer program on an information medium, this program being capable of being implemented in a reader of radio-tags or more generally in a computer, this program comprising adapted instructions implementing the steps of a communication method as described above.
• This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other form desirable shape.
• the invention also relates to a computer-readable information medium, comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.
• the information carrier may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
• the medium may comprise storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, for example a floppy disk or a disk. hard.
• the information medium can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which can be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
• the program according to the invention can be downloaded in particular on an Internet type network.
• the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.
• the various steps of the supply method are implemented by a silicon chip that includes transistors adapted to constitute logic gates of a non-programmable hardwired logic.
• the various steps of the supply method are implemented by a silicon chip comprising a microcontroller (re) programmable and nonvolatile memories on which is stored a computer program, this program being capable of be implemented in a radio-label, this program comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of the steps of a supply method as described above.
• This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other form desirable shape.
• the invention also relates to an information carrier readable by a microcontroller of a silicon chip and comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.
• the information carrier may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
• the medium may include storage means, such as a microelectronic circuit ROM.
• the information medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
• the program according to the invention can be downloaded in particular on an Internet type network.
• the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.
• This embodiment is particularly advantageous in the context of radio tags.
• the invention also relates to a communication system comprising:
• a passive radio-tag reader operating in backscatter mode according to the invention.
• At least one radio-tag according to the invention having data to be transmitted to the destination entity.
• the communication system according to the invention enjoys the same advantages as those mentioned above for the communication method, the supply method, the reader and the radio-tag according to the invention.
• the communication method, the supply method, the reader, the radio-tag and the communication system according to the invention present in combination all or part of the aforementioned characteristics.
• FIG. 1 shows, schematically, a communication system, a radio-label and a reader according to the invention in a particular embodiment
• FIGS. 2 and 3 show schematically the architecture of the radio-tag and the reader of FIG. 1 respectively;
• FIG. 4 represents, in flowchart form, the main steps of a communication method according to the invention as implemented by the reader of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 5 represents, in flowchart form, the main steps of a supply method according to the invention as implemented by the radio-tag of FIG. 1.
• FIG. 1 represents, in its environment, a communication system 1 according to the invention, in a particular embodiment.
• the communication system 1 comprises:
• a reader 2 of passive radio tags according to the invention.
• At least one passive radio-tag 3 according to the invention.
• Radio-label communicating with the radio-tag 3 via the reader 2, or via a separate reader thereof connected to the reader 2, etc.
• the destination entity 4 is a server hosted by an aircraft maintenance operator, this server being dedicated to monitoring the operation of the engine of this aircraft from data acquired by one or more sensors ( s) on board the engine (eg pollution, temperature, acceleration sensor, etc.) and collected by the radio tag (s) 3.
• sensors ( s) on board the engine eg pollution, temperature, acceleration sensor, etc.
• the radio tag (s) 3 have data to be traced back to several different recipient entities.
• the destination entity 4 is connected to the reader 2 of the radio tags via a telecommunications network 5, namely here the public Internet network here.
• a telecommunications network 5 namely here the public Internet network here.
• the recipient entity 4 can thus be directly connected to the reader 2, or another type of network that the Internet can be considered (eg private network).
• the radio-tag 3 is a passive radio-tag (assisted or not by battery or by a local energy collection system), operating in a backscattering mode, also known as "backscattering" in English.
• this type of radio-tag does not integrate a transmitter F but reflects and modulates the wave coming from a reader illuminating it, so as to transmit information or data along a communication radio interface known in itself.
• the passive radio tags do not spontaneously transmit information, but wait to be interrogated individually by a reader located near radio, which reads one or more specific and predetermined memory addresses of the radio-tag. No limitation is attached here to the frequency range used by the reader 2 and the radio-tag 3 to communicate.
• the invention applies indifferently in the case of low frequencies (eg in the range of 125- 134.2 kHz or 140-148.5 kHz), high frequencies (eg 13.56 MHz) or even ultra-high frequencies (eg in the frequency range 860-960 MHz).
• low frequencies eg in the range of 125- 134.2 kHz or 140-148.5 kHz
• high frequencies eg 13.56 MHz
• ultra-high frequencies eg in the frequency range 860-960 MHz.
• the radio-tag 3 integrates a silicon electronic chip comprising here a microcontroller (re) programmable for the execution of the steps of a method of supplying data to the recipient entity 4 via the reader 2 described later with reference to FIG.
• the radio-tag 3 may integrate a silicon electronic chip comprising suitable transistors to constitute logic gates of non-programmable wired logic for carrying out the steps of the supply method illustrated in FIG.
• the radio-tag 3 embeds features and / or advanced data collection and processing applications (eg calculation, event generation, etc.) implemented by the microcontroller.
• An example architecture of the radio-tag 3 is illustrated in FIG.
• the radio-tag 3 comprises a digital part integrating in particular a microcontroller 3A, non-volatile memories 3B and 3C (the memory 3B stores DATA data collected and processed by the radio-tag 3), a 3D module implementing a radio interface according to a protocol PROT1 (first protocol within the meaning of the invention), and one or more interfaces 3E with for example sensors (not shown) external to the radio- label 3 allowing it to collect data.
• the radio-tag 3 also comprises one or more wired digital interfaces (not shown in the figure), such as for example an interface Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI). These interfaces allowing in particular the radio-tag 3 to exchange information with the outside (ie with a device external to the label), typically in an asynchronous operating mode.
• SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
• the protocol PROT 1 is a UHF Gen2 Electronic Product Code (EPC) protocol recognized by the ISO 18000-6c standard, and using the UHF band ranging from 860 to 960 MHz.
• EPC Electronic Product Code
• this protocol defines the protocol layers L1 (physical layer) and L2 (data link layer), as well as high-level functions on the layer L2 such as for example access in reading and / or writing to a memory of the radio-tag.
• L1 physical layer
• L2 data link layer
• high-level functions on the layer L2 such as for example access in reading and / or writing to a memory of the radio-tag.
• the invention is not limited to the implementation of the EPC UHF Gen2 protocol to define the radio interface between the radio-label 3 and the reader 2.
• Other protocols can be considered as, in a non exhaustive, ISO 14443 protocols (used for RFID passports), ISO 15693 (used for payment by credit cards in particular) or ISO 18000-x known per se.
• the radio-tag 3 also comprises an analog part integrating a power management module 3F and a 3G module for collecting (or collecting) local energy and RF modulation. These different elements and modules are known per se and are not detailed here.
• LeapTag TM radio-tag marketed by ORIDAO has such elements and modules.
• the radio-tag 3 further comprises, in its digital part, a module 3H capable of implementing protocols PROT2 of layers greater than the layers L1 and L2 of the radio interface defined by the module 3D (second protocols within the meaning of the invention).
• the 3H module implements a PROT2 protocol stack including the network (L3) and transport (L4) layers of the OSI model.
• the PROT2 protocol stack may also include an application layer (L7) of the OSI model.
• the module 3H of the radio-tag 3 can implement, for example, as protocol (s) PROT2, the IP protocol (network layer protocol) and / or the UDP / IP protocol (transport layer protocol) operating above the IP protocol.
• protocol (s) PROT2 the IP protocol (network layer protocol) and / or the UDP / IP protocol (transport layer protocol) operating above the IP protocol.
• Other protocols can of course be considered depending on the context of application of the invention, including proprietary protocols or secure transport protocols such as the DTLS protocol operating over the UDP / IP protocol.
• the destination entity 4 also implements the PROT2 protocols in order to be able to communicate with the radio-tag 3 and to interpret the data (and messages) sent to it by it.
• the radio-tag reader 2 is, as mentioned above, an active device emitting radio frequencies intended to activate the chips of the radio-labels located in its reading field (and in particular here the radio-label 3), that is to say in the radio proximity of the reader 2, providing them with the energy they need to operate.
• a dialogue is then established between the reader 2 and the radio-tag according to the communication protocol PROT1, namely here the EPC UHF Gen2 protocol.
• the reader 2 has the hardware architecture of a computer, as illustrated in FIG. 3. It comprises in particular a processor 2A, a read-only memory 2B, a random access memory 2C, a memory non-volatile 2D, 2E communication means via the telecommunications network 5 with the destination entity 4 (for example integrating a network card known per se) and a 2F RFID communication module implementing a radio interface with the radio-tag 3 (including an antenna capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals from the radio-tag 3).
• this radio interface is defined by the UHF Gen2 EPC protocol introduced previously.
• the reader 2 also comprises a module 2G enabling it to route the messages encapsulated according to the protocol PROT2 received from the radio-tag 3 via the radio interface of the communication module 2F, or messages encapsulated according to the protocol PROT2 received from of the destination entity 4 via the communication means 2E and intended for the radio-tag 3.
• This module 2G allows the reader 2 to route the messages thus received to their recipients (ie entity 4 or radio-tag 3). It includes protocols for the protocol stack PROT2 necessary for this routing and / or possibly other protocols (eg domain name resolution protocol, etc.).
• the read-only memory 2B of the reader 2 constitutes a recording medium in accordance with the invention, readable by the processor 2A and on which is recorded a computer program according to the invention, comprising instructions for the execution of the steps of FIG. a communication method according to the invention described later with reference to FIG. 4.
• This computer program defines, correspondingly, functional modules of the reader 2 capable of implementing the steps of this method (eg module sending an inventory and / or polling message, module for receiving a message from a radio tag, module for extracting data from the message and module for transmitting the extracted data to the recipient entity 4 ) based on elements 2A-2G of reader 2.
• the architecture illustrated in Figure 3 is not limiting in itself of the invention.
• Other architectures of the reader 2 can be envisaged, and in particular, the reader 2 can be embedded on several different devices.
• the reader 2 may consist on the one hand of a light processor embodying the low level processing implemented by the reader 2 (typically the radio interface according to the protocol PROT 1, that is to say here EPC UHF Gen2), connected via a serial link (eg Universal Serial Bus (USB) or Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART)), to a computer high layers (typically protocols PROT2 protocol stack allowing the reader 2 to play its role of router).
• a light processor embodying the low level processing implemented by the reader 2
• a serial link eg Universal Serial Bus (USB) or Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART)
• USB Universal Serial Bus
• UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
• FIGS. 4 and 5 respectively, the main steps of a communication method and a supply method according to the invention as they are implemented in a particular embodiment of the invention.
• radio-tag 3 through its microcontroller 3A and its interface 3E with the external sensors, has collected DATA data intended for the destination entity 4 and stored in its non-volatile memory 3B.
• the reader 2 performs first of all, in a manner known per se, an inventory of radio tags located in close proximity to it, that is to say, within the perimeter of its reading distance which depends in particular on the frequency with which it emits (step E10).
• the reader 2 sends an inventory message according to the PROTl protocol inviting the radio tags near radio to identify with him.
• Such a message is known per se and is not described in detail here.
• the radio-tag 3 receives the inventory message sent by the reader 2 on its radio interface (step F10). It then identifies itself with the reader 2 in a manner known per se, by providing it with its digital identifier (step F20).
• the reader 2 then sends, via its radio interface, a scan message to the radio tags that have identified with it (step E20).
• This polling message is sent to each radio tag individually (i.e. radio tag by radio tag). It invites the radio tags with data to be transmitted to the destination entity 4 (or to another entity if necessary) to declare it. In other words, it aims to detect radio tags that wish to transmit data (test step E30).
• This message is in accordance with the PROT1 protocol defining the 3D radio interface (i.e., ie the first protocol within the meaning of the invention).
• the polling message may include a specific command recognizable by the radio-tag 3 and inviting it to declare whether it wishes to transmit data.
• the scan message may include a standard read command of a predetermined memory address of the radio tag 3, containing an indication that the radio tag 3 wishes to transmit data or not.
• a command is known per se and provided for example in the EPC UHF GEN protocol.
• the memory address specified in the command may be identical to the memory address in which the radio-tag 3 positions its numerical identifier, or on the contrary distinct.
• the scan message may be embedded in or merged with the message Inventory.
• the inventory message itself that is issued in accordance with the protocol PROT1 which is then interpreted by the tags as an invitation to declare, if necessary, that they have data to transmit to the entity 4, and therefore represents a polling message in the sense of the invention.
• This inventory message also serving as a polling message may specify a specific memory address or contain a specific radio tag invitation command to declare if they wish to transmit data.
• the radio-tag 3 receives the scan message sent by the reader 2 (step F30). The radio-tag 3 then determines whether it has data to transmit to the destination entity 4 (test step F40).
• the microcontroller 3A can implement event detection functionalities (for example based on thresholds) taking into account, in particular, the context in which the radio-tag 3 is located, the radio-tag 3 determining that it has data to be transmitted to the destination entity 4 if predetermined events have been detected by it.
• event detection functionalities for example based on thresholds
• Such detections of events causing a feedback to the destination entity 4 are for example:
• the radio-tag 3 can be programmed to monitor values acquired by external sensors, and detect when these values exceed one or more predefined thresholds. Crossing a predefined threshold constitutes an event detection and can trigger the event to be reported to the destination entity 4;
• the radio-tag 3 can be programmed to perform a vibratory analysis of a device from values acquired by one or more external sensors, and to detect the appearance of certain frequencies during this analysis. Such detection can trigger the recovery of this event to the destination entity 4.
• the radio-tag 3 will go back all or part of the data. that it has acquired and / or processed (the event is then the detection of the acquisition or processing by the radio-label of all or part of these data).
• radio-tag 3 decides to transmit the DATA data stored in its non-volatile memory 3B to the destination entity 4 (yes response to step F40). It thus declares to reader 2, via here a dedicated declaration message (i.e. specific command) issued here according to protocol PROT1, that it wishes to transmit data (step F50).
• a dedicated declaration message i.e. specific command issued here according to protocol PROT1
• this declaration is implemented in response to the polling message, by positioning in a specific address of the non-volatile memory 3C identified in the polling message, the information according to which the radio-tag wishes to transmit data to the recipient entity 4.
• the radio tag 3 dynamically fills (ie updates) the memory address if it has data at its disposal. to transmit to the destination entity 4.
• the reader 2 by interrogating the radio-tag 3 via the scan message, is thus read this specific address of the radio tags to identify those that have data to transmit.
• this declaration can be implemented in response to the inventory message, for example by positioning in a specific address of the non-volatile memory 3C identified in the inventory message, the information according to which the radio-tag wishes to transmit data to the destination entity 4.
• the reader 2 by interrogating the radio-tag 3, thus read this radio-specific memory address -tags to identify those that have data to transmit.
• radio tags having data to be transmitted respond to the scan message and / or inventory when it integrates the scan message or is confused with the scan message.
• the declaration made by the radio-tag 3 is received by the reader 2 (yes answer to the test step E30). If no radio-tag states to the reader 2 want to transmit data (no response to the test step E30), a new polling message is sent later to the RFID tags according to protocol PROT1 (recovery of step E20). In the embodiment described here, such a polling message is issued periodically by the reader 2 in order to identify without delay any radio-tag wishing to transmit data to the entity 4.
• the reader 2 upon receipt of the declaration of the radio-tag, then interrogates it, for example by means of a request specifying the memory address in which are stored the data DATA to be transmitted or using a predetermined specific command (step E40).
• the radio-tag 3 responds to this interrogation by encapsulating the DATA data that it wishes to transmit to the entity 4 in a frame T (or a message in general)
• T PROT2 (DATA) according to the protocol (s) (s) PROT2 transport and / or network implemented by the 3H module (step F60).
• the 3H module implements an IP or UDP / IP protocol
• the DATA data is encapsulated according to this protocol.
• other protocols can be used above UDP / IP in particular to secure the exchanges between the radio-tag 3 and the entity 4.
• DTLS protocol Datagram Transport Layer Security
• the reader 2 thus acts as a simple router DATA data received from the radio-tag 3 to the entity 4, using its 2G module.
• the reachability address of the entity 4 (that is to say here its IP address on the network 5) to which are intended the encapsulated data according to the protocol (s) PROT2 issued by the radio-label 3 may be, depending on the routing mode envisaged and allowed by the protocol (s) PROT2 (eg routing according to the destination address or the source address), derived in particular from a message header according to the PROT2 protocol (s) in a manner known per se (eg recipient IP address specified directly in the header by the radio-tag 3 or obtained by resolution of a domain name).
• This step does not pose any difficulty in itself to the skilled person and is not described further here.
• the DATA data encapsulated in the PROT2 protocol are received by the entity 4, and then de-encapsulated by the entity. It is assumed for this purpose that the entity 4 also has a protocol stack PROT2 allowing it to interpret the message sent by the radio-tag 3. The entity 4 processes the data DATA thus received from the radio-tag 3 according to its programming.
• the entity 4 following the reception and the processing of the data DATA, has the possibility of addressing a response R to the radio-tag 3.
• This response R can simply be an acknowledgment or a command addressed to the radio-label 3.
• Such a command aims for example to modify the configuration of the radio-tag 3, for example to adjust the thresholds used by this radio-tag to detect events from the data it acquires sensors, etc.
• the response R is sent by the entity 4 to the reader 2 so that it transfers it to the radio-tag 3.
• the message M ' PROT1 (PROT2 (R)) is transmitted by the reader 2 to the radio-label 3.
• the radio-label 3 On receiving this message via its radio interface (answer yes to step F80), the radio-label 3 de-encapsulates the response R (step F90). It executes if necessary, the command contained in the response R (step F100).
• the invention thus offers the possibility for passive radio tags, via new messages introduced (eg polling message, encapsulated data messages and response), to proactively push data they have collected to recipient entities such as servers or applications.
• a first field of use relates for example to monitoring the operation of a device such as an aircraft engine, by an entity 4 located at a maintenance operator of the aircraft.
• the radio-tag 3 can then embark in the microcontroller 3A an application monitoring a sensor disposed in the engine, storing data locally in the memory 3B, and processing these data in order to extract relevant events.
• Such events are for example:
• an alarm can be stored when the pollution level measured by the sensor is higher than a programmed threshold
• the radio-tag 3 has no data to report to the addressee.
• destination entity 4 it is assumed here that when it has no data to be transmitted to the destination entity 4, it does not respond to the inventory message sent by the reader and / or to the polling message sent periodically .
• the radio-tag 3 When an event is detected by the radio-tag 3, it is assumed here that the radio-tag 3 responds to the scan message of the reader 2 and pushes the event (the DATA data are here the detected event) towards the recipient entity 4 according to the invention (ie by encapsulating it in a message T according to the protocol PROT2 sent to the reader 2 on the radio interface according to protocol PROT1 in the form of a message M).
• the radio-tag 3 thus speaks the same language as the destination entity 4 (eg UDP / IP with DTLS), so that the radio-tag 3 and the entity 4 can securely transfer data.
• the reader 2, and if necessary the intermediate routers between the reader 2 and the entity 4 are only aware of the destination of the message encapsulating the data transmitted by the radio-tag and / or the entity 4, not its content.
• the entity 4 can then simply acknowledge the event or push to the radio-tag configuration data encapsulated according to the PROT2 protocol in him responding via the reader. This in turn encapsulates the response received from the destination entity 4 in a message conforming to the PROT1 protocol.
• Examples of configuration data are a monitoring period or an event detection threshold.
• a second area of use concerns the banking field and in particular the processing of transactions between two parties A and B.
• the speakers A and B denote indifferently users, terminals, a terminal and a server, etc.
• the recipient entity 4 is a secure central server managing the transactions, and playing the intermediaries between the speaker A and the speaker B.
• Each participant involved in the transaction has his own radio-tag, embedded in his terminal.
• This radio-label is for example a UHF radio-tag including a secure element and linked to input / output peripherals via a wired or wireless digital interface, such as for example a biometric sensor (fingerprint sensor), a keyboard to enter information related to the transaction or a screen.
• the radio-label 3 When a transaction is initiated by the speaker A, it identifies itself with its radio-tag 3 via the biometric sensor, and between the transaction information via the keyboard. This information is collected by the microcontroller 3A of the radio-label 3 which pushes them according to the invention via a reader 2 to the secure central server 4. More specifically, the radio-label 3 declares to the reader 2 that it has data to be transmitted to the central server 4, in response to a polling message sent by the reader. Then it sends the transaction information in a message M to the reader 2 and to the secure central server 4.
• the message M is in accordance with the PROTl protocol and contains the transaction information encapsulated according to one or more protocol (s) PROT2.
• the protocol (s) PROT2 includes (in) t here at least one asymmetric cryptographic protocol and associated certificates in order to secure the exchanges between the intervener A and the central server 4.
• the reader 2 Upon receipt of the message M, the reader 2 extracts the transaction information encapsulated according to the protocol PROT2 and transmits it to the central server 4.
• the central server 4 authenticates the transaction and transmits it to the intervener B via a second reader 2 and its radio-tag 3, according to the invention.
• the exchanges set up between the radio tags of the speakers A and B via the central server 4 and the readers 2 of radio tags to authenticate and process the transaction can then be implemented advantageously according to the invention.
• Information exchanged between stakeholders A and B is then secured.
• the transaction is authenticated by the server "online”.
• the radio tags of the speakers A and B exchange transaction data according to the invention, via their respective readers or a single reader if both are connected. the same reader.
• the recipient entity of the data pushed by one of the radio tags is the other radio-tag.

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• 2013
  • 2013-10-04 FR FR1359621A patent/FR3011655B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-10-02 WO PCT/FR2014/052493 patent/WO2015049465A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2014-10-02 EP EP14790217.5A patent/EP3053095A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-10-02 US US15/027,113 patent/US20160321477A1/en not_active Abandoned

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