EP3047078A1 - A construction system of wooden load-bearing structures for buildings and a structure thus obtained - Google Patents
A construction system of wooden load-bearing structures for buildings and a structure thus obtainedInfo
- Publication number
- EP3047078A1 EP3047078A1 EP14806064.3A EP14806064A EP3047078A1 EP 3047078 A1 EP3047078 A1 EP 3047078A1 EP 14806064 A EP14806064 A EP 14806064A EP 3047078 A1 EP3047078 A1 EP 3047078A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beams
- uprights
- bracing
- external
- internal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
- E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B2001/2672—Connections specially adapted therefor for members formed from a number of parallel sections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
- E04B2001/2696—Shear bracing
Definitions
- the present finding is inserted in the building field and regards a construction system with a particular load-bearing wooden structure.
- This system uses prefabricated structural elements such as beams, sawn wood and panels arranged according to a precise and effective arrangement, described and claimed hereinbelow.
- the structure thus obtained is fixed to a system of support beams integral with the foundations so as to create, together with other analogous structures, the load-bearing skeleton of the building.
- the finding regards a construction system using structural elements (beams, uprights, etc..) that can be fixed together directly at work sites or that can be partially prefabricated.
- Building construction is represented by the assembly of different materials, such by the joining thereof they generate a new object, which comes to achieve - joined to other objects - the constructed environment.
- construction is a process that consists of building a set of structures connected on the basis of a design or in any case some level of planning. It is not a single activity but rather a system of components, plants, finishing. For large-scale constructions, the work is organized by a project manager and supervised by engineers, architects, construction companies and contractors.
- a construction can be represented by simple masonry (wall etc.), by a structure (staircase etc.), by a building (homes, offices, stores), and by public works (bridge, stadium etc.).
- a structure can be classified :
- log house the technique of solid constructions with overlapped wood logs, otherwise termed "log house” has prevailed, still in use today with various adaptations. Otherwise, in conditions with little material availability, techniques have developed such as "fachwerk” or “colombage”, which combine a wood frame with brick walls. Even if excellent structures built with this technique are still present, it is currently not employed in a wide scale due to the achievement complexities involved.
- Solid constructions constituted by:
- load-bearing panels with wooden framework frame with load-bearing cage
- platform frame which belongs to the systems with "load- bearing frame”, used considerably in the United States but widespread through the world;
- overlapped log system involves the use of great quantities of wood (which confers optimal mass characteristics to the building thus achieved) but is subjected to considerable vertical expansion; in addition, due to the energy efficiency needs required today, a further insulation is necessary, system with structural panels with crossed boards: those joined with wood pins or nails represent a market niche; glued boards prevail.
- This system allows the prefabrication of entire wall sections but is limited by a great use of glue, platform frame system : it is not a prefabricated system but rather a construction system formulated in detail. It can be adapted aesthetically and/or architecturally, and is characterized by panels constituted by a "two by four" wooden framework of uprights and stringers, i.e. 2 by 4 inches. Such framework is covered, on both sides, by structural plywood panels or O.S.B. Analogous to the above-described systems, it requires additional thermal insulation and uses a great amount of glue (present in the panels).
- Object of the present finding is to provide a new structural technique with load-bearing structure, obtained entirely with natural materials, which is characterized for the aspects described hereinbelow:
- A. Structural the perimeter walls, the structure of the floors and roof, suitably positioned, form a "box-like" structure where the structural wood elements are mainly stressed with compression or traction perpendicular to the grain, exploiting the physical-mechanical characteristics as much as possible.
- the fixing is carried out with cylindrical shank connectors on elements placed orthogonally with respect to each other; given that they are numerous and uniformly distributed, they carry out the function of force dissipation in the best possible manner.
- Fire protection the fire protection, notwithstanding the biases regarding wood, is good and can be further improved by protecting the wooden structural elements with fireproof material finishing layers.
- the internal dividing walls are covered on both sides by drywall and/or fiber gypsum, hence they are protected.
- E. Comfort in addition to the typical comfort of the passive houses, due to the high insulation, which causes a uniform and constant temperature on all surfaces, with the presence of the controlled ventilation plant, which ensures a constant change of air, this system also benefits from the optimal mass properties of the materials provided for the interior of the enclosure.
- the structure entirely executed with materials of natural origin and without glues, ensures good health conditions, with no harmful emissions.
- the acoustic performances are high and greater than those prescribed by law, due to the good characteristics of the materials employed and to the provided stratigraphy, which in every structural part achieves a mass-spring-mass system.
- F. Aesthetics the flexibility of the system is such to not place great limits on the designer, apart from that of an accurate detail design, which is always desired and necessary for reaching the stated results.
- the exterior of the structure a wide selection of materials and finishing is possible; for the interiors, the uprights being made of wood, the support beams and the beams of the floors can remain in view or be covered, allow the designer maximum possible expression.
- H. Flexibility the system is adapted to achieve many different structure types: houses with one or more floors, villas, town houses, industrial buildings, artisanal buildings, commercial buildings and schools. It is particularly well-suited for renovations with an additional storey and, finally, it can be self-built.
- Beams of wood which can be made of solid wood, KVH, or bilam/duo (no formaldehyde) with variable sections, according to the construction types and based on structural calculations: 50,60,80,100,120 or more mm for the smaller side (b) while the other side can be equal to the smaller side or longer; such beams are all of standard production and easy to find.
- the size of the interaxis of the uprights is in fact given by the width of the uprights themselves plus the width of the insulating panels inserted between them.
- wood-based materials such as: panels of glued boards (no formaldehyde), panels of plywood (no formaldehyde), rough, sawn wood boards, wood fiber, mineralized wood wool.
- Figure 1 illustrates the portal structure, part of the invention, with which the present construction system is obtained ;
- Figure 2 illustrates the joining of multiple portals
- Figure 3 illustrates the joining of the uprights with the beams
- Figure 4 illustrates an overall construction embodiment obtained with the present system
- Figure 5 illustrates the anchorages to the bed
- Figure 6A illustrates the joining of the plank of the ground floor to the foundation bed and to the external uprights
- Figure 6B illustrates that described in figure 6A plus the panel/board of the ground floor
- Figures 7A, 7B illustrate the fixing of the external uprights of the various sides with the beams
- Figure 8 illustrates the vertical bracing/joining layer with crossed boards seen from inside
- Figure 9 illustrates the vertical bracing/joining layer with crossed boards seen from outside
- Figure 10 illustrates the internal uprights, the support beams, the beams of the floor, the main beam and the respective columns;
- Figures 11A, 11B illustrate, in plan and in section view, the joining of the beams with the relative uprights and the bracing layer;
- Figure 12 illustrates a truss of the portal structure. DESCRIPTION OF THE FINDING
- reference number 11 indicates overall the load-bearing structure, object of the invention, that uses structural elements such as:
- the portal structure 10 thus obtained can be repeated in order to form the construction system 11 that is the object of the finding.
- the system can be assembled starting from elements prefabricated at the plant, in the form of panels constituted by the frame, formed by the external uprights 5 or by the internal uprights 2 plus the bracing/joining layer 4; in such a manner, semi-closed panels are obtained that are already arranged with the openings for doors, windows, holes for the passage of the beams of the floor and sealing sheath which are positioned in place with the aid of mechanical means; bolted together, they act as a support for the subsequent installations, facilitating a quick, accurate and precise installation.
- the structure thus obtained has spaces already sized and arranged for receiving the insulating materials of standard size, the window/door frames and the subsequent finishings, facilitating and accelerating the subsequent working steps.
- ground support system for example a reinforced concrete foundation bed 8
- a ground support system for example a reinforced concrete foundation bed 8
- External uprights 5 they rest on the support beams 3 of the foundation with their greater axis perpendicular to the latter and extend upward to the beams of the roof structure.
- the uprights 5 placed on the sides perpendicular to the beams are clamped "in a jaw-like manner" by double beams 6 of the various floors, including the beams of the roof level; they are also fixed to the internal uprights 2, to the support beams 3 and to the bracing/joining layer 4.
- Bracing/joining layer 4 fixed on the internal side of the external uprights are fixed structural panels or two rough board layers with 25 mm thickness, rotated 45° with respect to the uprights and 90° with respect to each other. See in this regard figure 8 (vertical bracing/joining layer seen from inside) and figure 9 (vertical bracing/joining layer seen from outside).
- Internal uprights 2 with reference to figure 10, it is observed that within the vertical bracing/joining layer, the internal uprights are set in place with an interaxis of 1.360 mm (hence two of every three external uprights); such internal uprights generally have size of 80 x 160 millimeters and a height that extends from the panel/board of the underlying floor to the support beams of the subsequent floor placed at the top thereof.
- the internal uprights 2 are placed orthogonally to the external uprights 5 and fixed thereto with screws, by clamping the bracing layer (which is therefore situated arranged between the internal uprights) and forming an assembly with high strength and ductility.
- Figures 11A and 11B illustrate, in vertical and horizontal section, the connection system of the beams 2, 5, 6, 13.
- Such system provides for arranging the internal uprights 2 orthogonally with respect to the external uprights 5 and fixing them together by interposing the bracing/joining layer 4; above the internal uprights 2, the support beams 3 are set, these too fixed to the external uprights 5.
- the double beams 6 and 13 of all the floors rest on the support beams 3 and, passing through holes in the bracing/joining layer 4, come to clamp the external uprights 5 in a jaw-like manner.
- load-bearing spine walls or main crosspiece beams 16 are composed of the joining of two lateral beams of equal height with a beam of lesser height interposed; the whole set forms an overturned U-shaped section. These beams are fixed (in a manner analogous to the secondary beams- figure 7A) to the external uprights 5 of the walls perpendicular thereto and are supported by suitable columns 17; see figure 10.
- the structure of the roof, figure 12 can be constituted by trusses 12 composed of tilted double beams 13 (struts), which are spaced from each other, are fixed, and clamp both the external uprights 5 and a horizontal beam 14 with tie rod function and a vertical beam segment at the top (king post 15).
- struts tilted double beams 13
- the structure of the roof is attained with main beams 16 supported by columns 17 which bear the double beams connected to the external uprights 5.
- a panel/board is fixed, together with a va por blockage sheath, hence a first layer of insu lating material panels, alternated with rafters set orthogonally to the beams of the roof and fixed thereto with screws; above this, there is a further insu lating layer set with continuity.
- the gutter projections are attained with struts oriented accord ing to the pitch - incorporated in the second insulating layer and fixed to the underlying rafters; in this manner, they remain separated by a su itable insu lating layer from the internal environment, in order to prevent thermal bridges.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000070A ITPR20130070A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | A BUILDING STRUCTURE OF WOODEN BUILDINGS AND BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTION MADE THAT MADE |
PCT/IB2014/064516 WO2015040534A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-15 | A construction system of wooden load-bearing structures for buildings and a structure thus obtained |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3047078A1 true EP3047078A1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
EP3047078B1 EP3047078B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
Family
ID=49486580
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14806064.3A Not-in-force EP3047078B1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-15 | A construction system of wooden load-bearing structures for buildings and a structure thus obtained |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3047078B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITPR20130070A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015040534A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6396836B2 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2018-09-26 | 株式会社ハートワークスデザインオフィス | How to assemble a building frame, building frame |
ITUB20153496A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-09 | Univ Degli Studi G Dannunzio Chieti Pescara | Construction system with supporting frame in reinforced concrete or in steel integrated with wooden infill panels. |
JP6731765B2 (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2020-07-29 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | building |
JP6841497B2 (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2021-03-10 | 株式会社ハートワークスデザインオフィス | Connecting structure of the building frame |
JP6944787B2 (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2021-10-06 | 株式会社日本設計 | Wooden column beam frame |
FR3068054B1 (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2024-03-15 | Matthieu Gauthier | METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A WOODEN HABITAT STRUCTURE. |
JP7054183B2 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-04-13 | 株式会社Dit | Wooden building structure |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE375240C (en) * | 1923-05-08 | Hermann Wahl | Load-bearing woodwork for timber and timber frame houses | |
IL49333A (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1978-06-15 | Slonim D | Method of easily erecting a building |
GB2083520B (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1984-07-04 | Engineered Roof Trusses | Framed building construction |
DE3173350D1 (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1986-02-13 | Jean Martin | Prefabricated unit for the realization of a construction frame |
-
2013
- 2013-09-18 IT IT000070A patent/ITPR20130070A1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-09-15 EP EP14806064.3A patent/EP3047078B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-09-15 WO PCT/IB2014/064516 patent/WO2015040534A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2015040534A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITPR20130070A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
WO2015040534A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
EP3047078B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
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