EP3046774B1 - Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable, procédé d'activation et procédé de fabrication du produit de sécurité ou de valeur - Google Patents

Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable, procédé d'activation et procédé de fabrication du produit de sécurité ou de valeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3046774B1
EP3046774B1 EP14771273.1A EP14771273A EP3046774B1 EP 3046774 B1 EP3046774 B1 EP 3046774B1 EP 14771273 A EP14771273 A EP 14771273A EP 3046774 B1 EP3046774 B1 EP 3046774B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
color particles
product
color
security
particles
Prior art date
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Application number
EP14771273.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3046774A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Paeschke
Olga Kulikovska
Franziska Peinze
Oliver Muth
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Publication of EP3046774A1 publication Critical patent/EP3046774A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/28—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used using thermochromic compounds or layers containing liquid crystals, microcapsules, bleachable dyes or heat- decomposable compounds, e.g. gas- liberating
    • B41M5/287—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used using thermochromic compounds or layers containing liquid crystals, microcapsules, bleachable dyes or heat- decomposable compounds, e.g. gas- liberating using microcapsules or microspheres only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to valuable or security products, in particular to an activatable valuable or security product, in particular a valuable or security document or security element, furthermore a method for activating the valuable or security product and a method for producing the valuable or security product.
  • a valuable or security document can be, for example, a personal document, in particular an identity card, or a means of payment, in particular a banknote.
  • packaging for goods is also included as valuable or security products.
  • security features are used in valuable or security documents that serve exclusively to prove the authenticity of the products, regardless of their type or who uses them.
  • security features are, for example, mottled fibers, guilloches, the special paper used in banknotes and the like.
  • Individualizing, for example personalizing, security features also contain information in coded form or in plain text about the type of document, the user of this document or an item to which the document is clearly assigned.
  • Such information may be a facial image (photograph) of the user, their personal information such as name, birthday, place of birth, signature or a personal identifier such as a membership number.
  • Another security feature that individualizes the document can be, for example, a serial number of the document or the chassis number of a motor vehicle to which the document is assigned.
  • ID documents ie documents that are assigned to a person, generally contain a facial image of the person as well as personal data in plain text or in coded form.
  • ID documents In order to make identification of the person as secure as possible, it is advantageous, for example, to reproduce the facial image in (multi)color on the document in the form of a photographic replica. It is important for the authenticity of this personalization information that it cannot be falsified or forged.
  • the personal data including the Facial image is not formed on the surface of the document, but inside it, since in this case it would be necessary to expose the personal data for the forgery or falsification.
  • Multicolored representations are advantageous over black/white representations. On the one hand, these allow easier assignment to a person, for example. On the other hand, imitating, forging or falsifying them is more difficult and time-consuming than with black and white reproductions.
  • the US 2112/0103545 A1 relates to a laser-markable substrate comprising at least one material capable of forming a colored mark under laser irradiation and at least one tamper-evident agent that produces an irreversible visible coloration when an attempt is made to chemically erase the mark.
  • the WO2013/041415 A1 relates to a method for producing a character, pattern, symbol and / or image on a substrate by means of color bodies arranged on the substrate and losing their color impression under the influence of laser, the color bodies of which consist of dyes or pigments that are contained in capsules, and different color bodies with at least three different color effects are each arranged in the substrate, wherein the substrate is irradiated with spatially resolved radiation from a laser in order to produce the character, pattern, symbol and / or image on the substrate.
  • the EP 0 279 104 A1 relates to a material for forming an image comprising a substrate supporting a plurality of ink containers, each containing a color former which is released, when the respective paint container is subjected to a predetermined process.
  • the material for forming an image further comprises developer material with which the respective color former reacts when released to form a color image, each of the ink containers comprising infrared absorption material which ensures release of the color former when the respective ink container according to the predetermined process is exposed to infrared light of a predetermined wavelength.
  • starting materials are kept in the interior of the document body to be individualized, which can be specifically stimulated to form nanoparticles of different shapes and/or local concentrations by means of a localized energy input.
  • the different color impression and/or their different concentrations influence the color impression.
  • the starting materials can be, for example, nanoparticles whose band gap energy is greater than the photon energy of visible light due to the size quantization effect. These nanoparticles can then be caused by a targeted input of energy to grow together to form larger nanoparticles and thus change their absorption spectrum due to the size quantization effect.
  • a security feature is also specified for a valuable and/or security document, which is characterized by a first pattern located in one or more first levels and a second pattern located in one or more second levels is formed, wherein the second levels are arranged in front of the first pattern when viewed from a visible side of the document.
  • the first pattern is formed from first picture elements and the second pattern from second picture elements.
  • the second picture elements are arranged in register with the first picture elements.
  • a second image element is arranged only over part of the first image elements.
  • the second pattern above the first pattern is generated, for example, in such a way that a combination of the first and second image elements results in a colored representation. This is possible if the first picture elements are selectively switched off by means of the second picture elements.
  • a laser marking process is specified, for example for packaging material for food.
  • a laser-sensitive material and an ink are printed.
  • the laser-sensitive material is heated so that the ink is selectively removed or discolored. This causes labels to appear in the irradiated areas.
  • the laser-sensitive material converts the irradiated laser energy into heat.
  • These can be mica particles, which can optionally be coated with metal oxide.
  • the ink can be any common ink. However, it must be suitable for being removed using heat. For example, inks based on nitrocellulose, polyvinyl butyrate, polyurethane, cellulose acetate propionate, polyvinyl chloride and polyamide or water-based inks can be used.
  • the substrate can be provided with a colored layer that is opaque to the laser radiation and that has a contrasting color to the ink applied over it. By removing the ink, the underlying, color-contrasting layer can be seen, so that the desired markings become visible.
  • a heat transfer medium is provided in the form of a substrate, which carries on at least part of a surface a coating of a thermally transferable ink, which comprises a binder and a plurality of discrete particles of the optically variable pigment dispersed in the binder.
  • the ink can be printed using conventional thermal transfer printing apparatus.
  • the security element contains a laser-markable feature material with core/shell particles, one of the materials of the core and shell absorbing the radiation of a marking laser, for example an Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), and the other not absorbing the radiation.
  • a marking laser for example an Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm)
  • the core can be formed by a luminescent substance with a desired luminescent behavior that cannot be ablated, while the shell can be ablated by the laser.
  • the shell can be formed by an infrared absorber.
  • the core can be ablable and the shell cannot be ablated.
  • the protective cover can consist of SiO x, for example.
  • Areas printed with such feature substances are shown as examples, whereby the luminescent substance luminesces at 1500 nm but does not absorb the ablating radiation of the marking laser.
  • the IR absorber absorbs the radiation from the marking laser. By irradiating the laser radiation, the luminescent feature substance is removed (ablated) in areas in the form of a desired marking.
  • an object on which the present invention is based is to produce colored, even multi-colored, markings for a valuable or security product that can be designed in as many different ways as possible, the marking being located in a level within the valuable or security product. Furthermore, the labeling should only be carried out after the Production of the otherwise practically finished value or security product can be produced.
  • the above-mentioned tasks are achieved according to the present invention with the activated valuable or security product, with the method for activating the valuable or security product and with the method for producing the valuable or security product.
  • the valuable or security product can be a valuable or security document or a security element, i.e. an element that is connected, for example, to an object to be protected against imitation, counterfeiting or falsification, for example a sticker, label or the like.
  • value or security product includes, for example, a passport, identity card, driving license or other ID card or an access control card, a vehicle registration document, vehicle registration document, visa, check, Means of payment, in particular a banknote, a check, debit, credit or cash payment card, customer card, health card, chip card, a company ID card, proof of authorization, membership card, gift or shopping voucher, consignment note or other proof of authorization, tax stamp, postage stamp, ticket, (game -)Token, adhesive label (for example for product security) or another ID document.
  • a passport, identity card, driving license or other ID card or an access control card a vehicle registration document, vehicle registration document, visa, check, Means of payment, in particular a banknote, a check, debit, credit or cash payment card, customer card, health card, chip card, a company ID card, proof of authorization, membership card, gift or shopping voucher, consignment note or other proof of authorization, tax stamp, postage stamp, ticket, (game -)Token, adhesive label (for example for product security
  • a product according to the invention is also to be understood as a security element that has a security feature according to the present invention and that can be permanently connected to an object to be protected, for example a sticker, label or the like.
  • the product can be, for example, a smart card.
  • the security or value document may be in ID 1, ID 2, ID 3 or any other format, for example in booklet form, such as a passport-like item.
  • the valuable or security product is, for example, a laminate made up of several document layers, which are connected to one another in a precise register under the influence of heat and increased pressure. Alternatively, it can also be a single-layer product. Multi-layer products can also be manufactured in ways other than lamination, such as extrusion. These products should meet the standardized requirements, for example ISO 10373, ISO/IEC 7810, ISO 14443.
  • the product layers consist, for example, of a carrier material that is suitable for lamination.
  • the valuable or security product can be formed from a polymer that is selected from a group comprising polycarbonate (PC), in particular bisphenol A polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), their derivatives, such as glycol-modified PET (PETG), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyimide (PI), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyvinylphenol (PVP), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), in particular thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and their derivatives, and/or paper and/or cardboard and/or glass and/or metal and/or ceramic.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • their derivatives
  • the product can also be made from several of these materials. It preferably consists of PC or PC/TPU/PC.
  • the polymers can be either filled or unfilled. In the latter case, they are preferably transparent or translucent. If the polymers are filled, they are opaque.
  • the above information relates both to films to be bonded together and to liquid formulations that are applied to a preliminary product, such as a protective or top coat.
  • the product is preferably made from 3 to 12, preferably 4 to 10 films, whereby the individual films can consist of the same material or different materials. Overlay layers formed in this way protect a security feature arranged underneath and/or give the document the required abrasion resistance.
  • security feature Insofar as the term “security feature” is mentioned in the description and in the claims of the present application, according to the present invention this is to be understood as the optical impression that appears on a viewer and is created by a pattern.
  • the security feature can be produced as part of a value or security document or a separate product (a security element). The latter can, for example, be stuck onto the document.
  • the security feature will generally only occupy a portion of the area of the document.
  • the term “pattern” is mentioned in the description and in the claims of the present application, this is to be understood as meaning a somehow designed distribution of elements that give an optical impression to the human eye, preferably in a two-dimensional arrangement on one or more surfaces a self-contained representation, for example an image, image element, character, in particular an alphanumeric character, a symbol, coat of arms, a line, formula or the like.
  • the pattern is one in only one color, including black, white and/or grey, appearing non-structured area or an area having several colors. This area can, for example, contain information through its color and therefore form an identification.
  • the elements that convey the optical impression can be perceived through surface areas that contrast with one another, the contrast being created by different color tones, brightnesses or different surface properties (gloss, roughness or the like).
  • pattern element As far as the term “pattern element” is mentioned in the description and in the claims of the present application, this is to be understood as a component/element of a pattern (pixel), whereby the pattern elements can be separated from one another or can merge seamlessly into one another.
  • a pattern element serves as the smallest structural element to form the pattern, with all pattern elements forming the pattern.
  • the material forming a pattern element can be either transparent, translucent or opaque. Furthermore, it can have a certain brightness (absorption, remission), i.e. it can have, for example, a blackening, gray tint or white tint, and / or it can have a (spectral) color and in this in turn have a certain brightness.
  • the pattern elements can have a circular (point-shaped), rectangular, square, hexagonal or other shape and a size/diameter of, for example, 1 to 100 ⁇ m. Pattern elements can be the smallest elements of a perceptible representation, to which one of the color values or shades can each be assigned in a multicolor color space (for example in the CMYK color space or additive RGB color space).
  • pattern elements which are typically arranged regularly, for example in lines or in another regular arrangement .
  • the pattern elements can be arranged, for example, in a honeycomb arrangement or in a row arrangement with pattern elements that are offset from one another or not offset from one another.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by the activatable valuable or security product which contains a product material containing color particles.
  • These color particles are preferably designed not to produce a visually perceptible feature or a visually barely perceptible feature before the valuable or security product is activated.
  • the valuable or security product is by means of electromagnetic Radiation can be activated by making a security feature formed by the color particles permanently visually perceptible.
  • Visual perceptibility is understood to mean that the security feature becomes visually perceptible either when illuminated with light in the visible spectral range or under other conditions, for example by illumination with light in a spectral range other than the visible spectral range or by generating an electric field.
  • the visually perceptible feature is then developed with activation.
  • the activation leads to a permanent (permanent) and not just temporary change in the nature of the color particles and/or the surrounding material.
  • the color particles or the product material surrounding the color particles produce the desired visual impression, for example in the form of an individualizing label.
  • the power of the electromagnetic radiation during activation should be so high that the color particles become optically perceptible, but preferably not so high that the colorant contained in the color particles is destroyed or removed or the color particles are completely removed (ablated), so that an existing color is eliminated.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by the method for activating the valuable or security product which contains at least one product material having color particles.
  • the color particles do not produce any visually perceptible feature before the valuable or security product is activated.
  • the method includes activating the valuable or security product by irradiating it with electromagnetic radiation, so that a security feature formed by the color particles becomes permanently visually perceptible through the electromagnetic radiation.
  • color particles that have not changed i.e. color particles that are not involved in the pattern formation
  • fixation can be effected, for example, by irradiating the valuable or security product using electromagnetic radiation that has a different photon energy (wavelength) or intensity than the electromagnetic radiation used for activation, without changing the previously created optically perceptible color impression.
  • the matrix in which the color particles are located can be chemically changed in such a way that colorant can no longer escape from the unchanged color particles.
  • One possibility of chemical change is to chemically cross-link the matrix.
  • the matrix contains chemical compounds that can be crosslinked.
  • the valuable or security product is activated so that a visually permanently perceptible contrast is created between the first places on the valuable or security product where the valuable or security product was activated and second places where the valuable or security product was not activated.
  • the non-activated areas of the valuable or security product do not show any visually perceptible feature.
  • the security feature can have a uniform, flat, optically recognizable color before activation, which can be achieved by uniformly applying the color particles to the at least one product layer. The activation then changes the optical impression locally, so that the pattern becomes perceptible according to the invention. Electromagnetic radiation is used for activation.
  • This contrast can consist in the fact that initially there is no There is a visually perceptible feature and the activation exposes a color or that a contrast arises between a first color in non-activated areas and a second color in activated areas.
  • the contrast is created by the fact that the electromagnetic radiation can be applied in a spatially resolved manner in order to activate it at different points.
  • the contrast can be caused by different color tones or color brightness.
  • electromagnetic radiation is also advantageous for this because it contains additional information about its energy (wavelength, modulation frequency, focal plane) that can be used to address certain color particles and thereby specifically control the activation.
  • colorants in a color particle may initially not be perceptible or only faintly perceptible.
  • the activation can, for example, release colorants into/from the color particles. This release can be seen with the human eye.
  • the color particles can also be activated in another way, for example by disturbing existing interference-producing mirror planes in the color particles.
  • the color particles can be applied to or introduced into a product layer using a suitable technique, for example in a non-structured, for example flat, color doping, without the target pattern having to be formed, a blank (precursor) of the valuable material can first be used. or security product that does not yet contain the desired target pattern, but already contains the unstructured color doping.
  • the color doping can extend over the entire area or only over part of the document. This blank can be created, for example, by laminating several product layers so that the blank already contains the unstructured color doping.
  • the electromagnetic radiation required for activation is then irradiated into the blank in a spatially resolved manner, with the color particles within the non-structured color doping being activated or changed at the desired locations so that they produce the intended optical impression.
  • the color particles are arranged on the inside of the valuable or security product, since the electromagnetic radiation used for activation penetrates the outer product layers, at least if they are transparent or at least translucent for at least one wavelength or in one spectral range are.
  • these outer product layers may be opaque to electromagnetic radiation that is not used for activation.
  • the security feature formed is therefore particularly secure against forgery or falsification.
  • colorants can be used with dyes which, as in conventional printing processes, for example inkjet printing, are arranged in a color space, for example in CMYK. color space.
  • At least one colorant provided by the color particles can become perceptible, forming the optically recognizable security feature.
  • the at least one colorant can, for example, not be perceptible before activation and can become perceptible through activation by means of electromagnetic radiation. This makes pattern formation possible in a positive process, i.e. the colors forming the pattern are generated by the activation.
  • the colorant can be visually perceptible before activation and can change its appearance upon activation, so that a contrast is formed between activated and non-activated areas.
  • the at least one colorant can be released by the activation so that the desired optically perceptible feature is formed.
  • the color particles can also change their optically perceptible nature, for example by forming the color through diffraction or interference and changing the structural properties of the color particles that form the diffraction or interference when activated.
  • the at least one colorant can preferably be located within the color particles, most preferably within a core of the color particles surrounded by a shell (core/shell or core/shell color particles).
  • the color particles can be damaged or destroyed in any way.
  • the color particles can be exposed to thermal energy so that the color particles melt or at least their shell melts.
  • the color particles can also burst.
  • the shell of the color particles can also be removed selectively (depelling, uncovering), for example by thermally removing the shell or by chemically adding or dissolving the shell.
  • color particles contain, for example, a liquid dye or a (liquid) ink (dye preparation) in their interior (core).
  • the particles can burst due to the direct or indirect action of electromagnetic radiation on the color particles. The can do this electromagnetic radiation is absorbed in the core and/or in the shell of the color particles. The dye or ink then emerges or diffuses into the surrounding product material when the color particles burst, thereby coloring it.
  • the dye or ink material is initially not noticeable before the color particles burst or at most causes a barely perceptible, uniform discoloration of the product material
  • the diffusion of the dye or ink into the product material causes a visually easily perceptible local discoloration of the product material
  • Product material that can be seen by the human eye, especially because it forms a visual contrast to the surrounding material. This causes locally colored spots to form in the product material.
  • the particles or the core of core/shell color particles can be formed by at least one (solid) pigment (grain) or by another solid colored particulate material, for example a solid dye.
  • solid pigment materials color particles including the pigment of the core can be melted by the action of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the shell can also be melted or otherwise destroyed or damaged, or only the core can melt.
  • the melted pigment material penetrates the surrounding product material.
  • Other solid material can, for example, diffuse into the surrounding product material. This step is supported by the thermal influence of activation. Penetration or diffusion causes the product material to be locally colored. Before activation, the color particles are imperceptible or practically imperceptible. Only through the irradiation of electromagnetic radiation and the melting or sublimation of the pigment or other solid colorant material does the material become recognizable as a colored local spot due to the coloring of the product material.
  • only the shell of core/shell color particles can be damaged or destroyed without the core being disturbed.
  • the casing can be damaged or destroyed thermally, chemically or in some other way.
  • the core is formed by a (solid) pigment or other solid colorant material, for example a solid dye, which is not disturbed by the activation itself, the removal of the shell changes the optical impression at the activated point in the product material .
  • a pigment or other solid colorant in the form of microgranules coated with a shell is initially invisible or white. When the shell is removed, the color of its own appears of the pigment or other colorant. In the case of (solid) pigment or other solid colorant materials that form the core, the visual impression is changed because these materials are then no longer surrounded by the shell but are exposed.
  • the core of the core/shell particles can also be formed by a porous material which contains a coloring liquid or melt of a solid colorant in the pores.
  • the coloring material When activated, the coloring material emerges from the pores and colors the surrounding product material. This creates the visually perceptible impression at the activated point of the product material.
  • the color particles are formed exclusively by porous particles without a surrounding shell. A solid colorant contained in the pores of these color particles emerges during activation by melting or being dissolved using chemical solvents.
  • the core and/or the shell are preferred in a further development of the present invention for absorbing at least part of the electromagnetic radiation in at least one spectral range, in particular in the visible and/or infrared and/or UV spectral range , educated.
  • a thermal effect on the color particles preferably takes place directly through direct irradiation of electromagnetic energy onto the color particles, in that the electromagnetic radiation is absorbed in the shell or in an area adjacent to the shell, for example in the core. The radiation heats up the shell and melts or tears it, i.e. the color particles are revealed.
  • the core and/or the shell can contain at least one sensitizing agent that absorbs the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the absorption of the color particles can advantageously be specifically tailored to the irradiated electromagnetic radiation, without otherwise having to place special requirements on the materials of the core and the shell of the color particles with regard to their spectral sensitivity.
  • the shell or the adjacent area can contain, for example, IR-absorbing dyes that are transparent, for example, in the visible spectral range.
  • color particles with different sensitizers that work at different photon energies absorb electromagnetic radiation, so that these differently sensitized color particles can be activated with electromagnetic radiation with different photon energy.
  • the sensitizing agent(s) may be located in the shell and/or core.
  • the sensitizing agent(s) may be located in the dye or ink or pigment or other solid colorant in the core and/or in another component of the color particle.
  • the different sensitizing agents which selectively absorb electromagnetic radiation with different photon energies, are each assigned to a color particle type, with the color particle types being distinguished by colorants with different colors. This allows the color particles with colorants of different colors to be selectively activated with electromagnetic radiation of different photon energy.
  • the core contains liquid dye or (liquid) ink.
  • the core is formed by liquid dye or (liquid) ink.
  • the core can be formed exclusively by the liquid dye or ink.
  • the color particles of the valuable or security product according to the invention are formed by a core and a shell surrounding the core.
  • the at least one colorant to be incorporated into the core is presented, for example, in droplet form (liquid dye, ink) or in the form of solid particles of a pigment or another solid colorant in a dispersion and is coated with a shell material, for example with TiO 2 or with metal, for example AI, or with a colored polymer.
  • the liquid dye or ink is, for example, dispersed in a liquid in which it is insoluble so that tiny droplets are formed, or solid particles are dispersed in a liquid so that a suspension is formed.
  • These droplets or solid particles can be stabilized in the dispersion or emulsion, for example using suitable wetting agents or emulsifiers.
  • a process for producing shell-coated particles to form core/shell particles, for example with colorants, is disclosed in EP 0 505 648 A1 specified, the disclosure content of which is fully incorporated into the present application.
  • a hydrophobic material is then coated with a resin by first introducing an organic phase through a Mixture of one or more hydrophobic liquids and / or hydrophobic solids with a self-dispersing resin is provided and by then adding an aqueous phase to this mixture so that the resin therein forms a dispersion with particle sizes of up to 0.1 ⁇ m and the hydrophobic liquid and/or the hydrophobic solid is coated. If a solid is to be coated, it is first converted into the desired particle size, for example by grinding. In one example, a solid dye (cyanine blue) is dispersed with a resin (polyurethane resin with terminal isocyanate groups) in a hydrophobic liquid (methyl ethyl ketone).
  • TiO 2 particles are then deposited thereon by bringing the latex particles into contact with a solution of (NH 4 ) 2 [TiF 6 ] and H 3 BO 3 /HCl.
  • the latex particles are then removed, either by calcining the TiO 2 layers in an air atmosphere or chemically by dissolving the template core with toluene.
  • nano-containers are created, which have already been described for a number of applications, for example for transporters of medical active ingredients, for self-healing processes of materials and the like.
  • manufacturing methods are also used von Skirtach et al., “Laser-Induced Release of Encapsulated Materials Inside Living Cells,” Angew.
  • porous particles can also be loaded (impregnated) with a liquid dye or an ink by absorbing the liquid dye or ink or a melted colorant into the pores of these particles.
  • porous or non-porous particles may be coated with the liquid dye or ink or molten colorant. The particles are then covered with the shell.
  • the loaded porous particles can also be used without a coating for the purposes according to the invention.
  • the porous particles are therefore not core/shell particles.
  • the liquid dye or ink or the melted colorant either remains liquid in the color particles or solidifies in the core. In the latter case, it becomes liquid (melts) due to thermal activation or is dissolved using a solvent.
  • porous particles are inorganic materials such as zeolites or organic materials such as polyurethane-based microfoams, or porous nanoparticles or inorganic micro-containers. Furthermore, porous materials can also be produced by spray pyrolysis. This will be discussed on M. Hampden-Smith, T. Kodas, S. Haubrich, M. Oljaca, R. Einhorn, D. Williams, "Novel Particulate Production Processes to Create Unique Security Materials", in: Proc. SPIE 6075, Optical Security and Counterfeit Deterrence Techniques VI, 60750K (February 09, 2006); doi:10.1117/12.641883 referred. Therefore, the disclosure content of this publication is incorporated in its entirety into the present application, at least with regard to the production method described there.
  • any dye or ink that produces the desired visual impression can be used as the liquid dye or ink.
  • Inks typically contain one or more dyes, solvents, possibly binders and other additives.
  • luminescent substances are also to be understood as liquid dyes or dyes contained in an ink.
  • so-called diffusion dyes can be used, for example Macrolex® dyes (trade name from Lanxxess, DE), which are formed by organic dyes.
  • Usable inks are also available, for example DE 10 2007 059 747 A1 specified. Therefore, the disclosure content of this application is fully incorporated into the present application.
  • the core contains one or more pigment grains or particles of another solid colorant, for example a solid dye.
  • the core is formed by one or more pigment grains or particles of another solid colorant.
  • microgranules can be used, which are then covered with a shell.
  • microgranules made from ground PC that are soaked in a dye solution can be used.
  • OVI pigments can be used for this, in which the optically perceptible feature is caused by the interference layers contained therein. By slightly disturbing these layers, the resulting optical impression can be changed.
  • the color particles preferably have a size in the nanometer or micrometer range or sub-micrometer range, i.e. in the case of a substantially spherical or cube-shaped or cuboid-shaped particle, its diameter or main diagonal is in the micrometer range, preferably in the range from 0.05 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably from 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m and most preferably from 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the color particles can also have the shape of platelets or needles. In this case too, their thickness or needle diameter is in the micrometer range, preferably in the range from 0.05 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably from 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m and most preferably from 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the size dimension in the longitudinal extent, i.e. parallel to the platelet plane or needle length, is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m and most preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • a direct (immediate) change to the color particles for example by means of electromagnetic radiation, they can also be indirectly (indirectly) influenced (destroyed, damaged), for example by chemically or thermally influencing the color particles from other particles in the product material.
  • the product material also has capsules containing at least one chemical substance, for example a solvent, ie it contains these capsules or provides them in another way.
  • these solvent capsules are preferably designed to release the at least one solvent upon activation with the electromagnetic radiation, in that the irradiated electromagnetic radiation is absorbed by the solvent capsules. Therefore, the at least one solvent is suitable for at least being able to dissolve the color particles, so that the shell is damaged or destroyed and at least one colorant is released.
  • the solvent is designed in particular to dissolve or dissolve the shell of the color particles.
  • the color particles can also be influenced indirectly (indirectly) by thermal transfer of the energy radiated in by means of electromagnetic radiation, in that the electromagnetic radiation hits particles that are different from the color particles and absorb the electromagnetic radiation, for example in the infrared range, and thereby heat them.
  • the heated particles then transfer this thermal energy to the paint particles, which are thereby destroyed, damaged or otherwise affected.
  • metal particles that are in close proximity to the color particles in the product material, for example touching them, can be used for this purpose.
  • the color particles are dispersed in a liquid in order to apply them to a product layer in a two-dimensional arrangement.
  • This liquid can be the one in which the color particles are produced, or a different liquid is used, into which the color particles are introduced/dispersed after their production.
  • the type of liquid is essentially determined by the method of application or introduction. If the color particles are applied to the product layer, for example by printing a dispersion of the color particles using inkjet printing, the liquid must be formed with the properties required for this and with the composition required for this.
  • the liquid can contain a PC binder based on a geminal disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane (see DE 10 2007 059 747 A1 ) contain.
  • the color particles can be introduced into or applied to a product layer, for example before the product layer is further processed into a valuable or security product, in particular by gathering several product layers and then laminating them.
  • the color particles are embedded in the product material, so that the material causing the optically perceptible feature is arranged within the product material, for example in a plane inside the product material or evenly distributed in the volume of the product material.
  • a substrate of the valuable or security product for example a polymer layer (film)
  • the color particles for example by extrusion.
  • an extruded film can be produced that contains color particles of one type or the color particles of several, for example three, types.
  • co-extruded multi-layer, for example three-layer, films can also be produced, each with one type of color particle.
  • the color particles can also be applied to at least one surface of the product layers, with the product layers prepared in this way then being connected to other product layers, for example laminated, so that the color particles are located in an inner level of the valuable or security product.
  • the color particles are located in cavities within the valuable or security product.
  • These cavities can be pores, channels, holes, depressions, recesses or the like.
  • These cavities can be created in a product material by laser irradiation, such as UV radiation, which decomposes/ablates the product material, such as a polymer.
  • UV radiation can be used, which decomposes the product material.
  • Lasers suitable for this are, for example, excimer lasers.
  • the cavities preferably penetrate a product layer completely. Alternatively, they can also be formed by blind holes (recesses).
  • the color particles are covered by an opaque porous film or layer.
  • Color (colorant) emerging from the treated color particles penetrates through the pores/channels of the porous film and reaches its surface, which faces an observer, and thus becomes visible.
  • At least two product layers are provided. These are then stacked on top of one another in a further process step after applying the color particles to at least one surface of at least one of the at least two product layers and/or introducing the color particles into at least one of the at least two product layers and connected to one another by lamination.
  • the color particles are preferably located within the valuable or security product, most preferably in a plane within the valuable or security product. Through this It makes it much more difficult to imitate, counterfeit or falsify the valuable or security product.
  • the product material is preferably formed from a polymer.
  • the product material is particularly preferably formed by PC, in particular based on bisphenol A or based on a geminal disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane.
  • the product material can also be formed by PET or another polymer material.
  • the materials of the color particle dispersion and the valuable or security product are chemically compatible with one another. This means that they are chemically similar or identical. This prevents delamination of the valuable or security product, including in the area of color doping.
  • the binders of a color particle dispersion and the product material of the product layer onto or into which the color particles are applied or introduced, as well as preferably also the product material of further product layers adjacent to this product layer are chemically/materially identical to one another or similar to one another.
  • the valuable or security product or at least the aforementioned product layers are formed from a product material that consists at least partly of PC or contains it, and the color particle dispersion preferably contains a PC binder.
  • the valuable or security product is formed from at least two product layers, at least one of which consists of PC or contains PC, and the color particles are applied or introduced from a dispersion containing PC as a binder onto or into this at least one PC product layer.
  • the valuable or security product is formed from at least two product layers, of which preferably at least one consists of PC or contains PC, and the color particle dispersion contains a PC based on a geminal disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane (see DE 10 2007 059 747 A1 ).
  • the color particles are pixelated, ie applied in a grid, to a product layer, for example by containing the color particles in a color particle dispersion before this is collected and laminated together with further polymer films, and this dispersion applied to the product layer in a grid pattern.
  • Each pixel forms a pattern element.
  • the grid can contain several types of color particles, for example color particles each with different colorants, so that different colors can be produced, for example with colorants in Basic colors, for example of the CMYK color space, including a black and possibly also a gray component, and / or also with different sensitizers, which enable activation with electromagnetic radiation with different photon energies.
  • color particles with different colorants for example each with a basic color
  • electromagnetic radiation each with a specific energy.
  • a pattern to be formed can also be created through pixelated activation.
  • the patterns can also be formed by color structures that merge seamlessly into one another.
  • the color particle dispersion can be applied to the product layer using any suitable application technique.
  • a printing process is preferably used, for example a planographic printing process, such as the offset printing process, or a through-printing process, such as the screen printing process.
  • another application method for example a doctor blade, roller coating, spraying, casting, transfer printing or dispensing method, can also be used.
  • a digital printing process for example a transfer printing process, in particular a non-impact printing process and further in particular an inkjet printing process.
  • the color particles After the color particles have been applied to the product layer, this is further processed with further product layers to form the activatable valuable or security product according to the invention.
  • a conventional lamination process can be used for this.
  • the valuable or security product can be produced by extrusion of the corresponding polymer material together with color particles.
  • the color particles are preferably arranged on the inside of the valuable or security product and remain integrated there completely or at least largely invisibly until they are activated.
  • the color particles in principle, it is of course also possible for the color particles to be applied to one or both outsides of the product and then activated after the valuable or security product has been manufactured.
  • the electromagnetic radiation is directed to the point on the product where a color is to be created or changed.
  • Any electromagnetic radiation source can be used for this purpose, such as conventional ones thermal emitters, for example incandescent lamps, discharge lamps, gas lasers, solid-state lasers and diode lasers.
  • the electromagnetic radiation is laser radiation.
  • laser radiation sources are preferred because they can very easily irradiate the areas of the valuable or security product that are to be activated in a targeted, local manner.
  • a laser emitting IR radiation such as an Nd:YAG (fundamental wavelength or frequency multiplied: 1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm, 266 nm) or a CO 2 laser (10.6 ⁇ m)
  • Nd:YAG fundamental wavelength or frequency multiplied: 1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm, 266 nm
  • CO 2 laser (10.6 ⁇ m)
  • Gas lasers for example argon and krypton ion lasers, or diode lasers can be used for radiation emission in the visible spectral range.
  • Excimer lasers for example F 2 : 157 nm, ArF: 193 nm, KrF: 248 nm, XeCl: 308 nm, XeF: 351 nm
  • UV spectral range for example, a laser emitting IR radiation, such as an Nd:YAG (fundamental wavelength or frequency multiplied: 1064
  • a pattern When irradiated by the radiation source, a pattern is formed that is visually perceptible. This pattern can be "written" into the material of the valuable or security product with a focused beam from the radiation source by successively guiding the beam over the surface of the valuable or security product (scanning or writing process).
  • the valuable or security product can also be activated by surface exposure by irradiating the surface over a large area.
  • a mask is used to create the pattern, which only allows radiation to pass through at certain points (mask process).
  • a metal mask with openings corresponding to the pattern or a resist can be used, the resist being printed in the desired pattern on the valuable or security product in a printing process and then the valuable or security product being exposed through the openings in the resist.
  • the resist can also be photosensitive.
  • a photoresist is first applied to the entire surface, then exposed and developed, so that free areas are created through which the valuable or security product can then be activated using electromagnetic radiation.
  • the resist or photoresist is finally removed from the valuable or security product.
  • a controllable mask for example a spatial light modulator, is particularly preferred. This allows personalized/individual exposure masks/images to be created.
  • an arrangement with one or more laser sources, imaging optics and a control unit is preferably used.
  • the imaging optics deflect the laser beam(s) so that they are directed to the desired locations on the product layer.
  • the laser radiation is also modulated in certain areas of the valuable or security product.
  • the control unit is used to control the imaging optics, controlling both the focusing and deflection of the laser beam as well as its modulation (intensity).
  • a recognition can first be carried out, for example, in order to determine the position of the pattern elements relative to one another. For this purpose, the position of at least two pattern elements in the pattern must be determined. For the adjustment, for example, energy is introduced into locations corresponding to at least two pattern elements and the color and position of the activated pattern elements are determined optically. These color marks can then be used to determine the identity and position of all other pattern elements of the pattern. From this information, a pattern for the energy input can then be determined, according to which the locations corresponding to the pattern elements are converted into colored dots.
  • the particles intended for producing the pattern are located inside the document blank.
  • this significantly simplifies the production process because, for example, a personalization of a document, for example an ID card blank, can be carried out at the office issuing the document without providing significant security measures to ensure that the personalized documents are not transported to the issuing office get lost.
  • an internal arrangement of the pattern ensures that the pattern cannot easily be forged or falsified because this would require additional access to the internal pattern, which is difficult to do without exposing the pattern.
  • color particles can be applied to at least one of the surfaces of a largely finished valuable or security product and then covered with a protective varnish so that they are protected against mechanical damage and against counterfeiting or falsification .
  • a protective varnish so that they are protected against mechanical damage and against counterfeiting or falsification .
  • the color particles can first be applied to an intermediate carrier and from there, similar to the thermal transfer process, applied to a product layer or to the largely finished valuable or security product.
  • the non-structured color doping formed in this way can then be activated as described above, so that the desired pattern becomes visually perceptible.
  • screened color particle dispersion on the intermediate carrier is formed several times one after the other and then transferred to a product layer.
  • the color particle dispersion After the color particle dispersion has been applied to the intermediate carrier in the, for example, gridded arrangement, it is brought into contact with the product layer; preferably the intermediate carrier and the product layer are pressed together.
  • the intermediate carrier and the product layer are pressed together.
  • either the entire surface of the product layer can be brought into contact with the intermediate carrier simultaneously, or individual parts of the intermediate carrier can be brought into contact with corresponding parts of the product layer one after the other.
  • pressure and heat can be applied to the temporary composite of the intermediate carrier and the product layer.
  • the color particle dispersion can either be transferred to the intermediate carrier in a step that is completely separate from the transfer to the product layer. Or follow both steps directly to each other.
  • an intermediate carrier is first provided with the color particle dispersion and then transferred to a dried state, whereby a color layer is formed.
  • one or more color particle dispersions can be applied to a ribbon in separate color patches, forming a ribbon. This ink ribbon is then made available for use in a printing device where individual ink layer areas are transferred to the product sheet to form a pattern.
  • the color particle dispersion is first applied to the intermediate carrier, possibly already in the structuring forming a pattern, in which it is then to be transferred to the product layer, and immediately afterwards the color particle dispersion is transferred to the product layer, if necessary while still wet -in-wet, possibly also in the same device in which the intermediate carrier was coated.
  • the valuable or security product provided with the pattern formed or the product layer(s) provided therewith is thermally post-treated.
  • the valuable or security product or the product layer is heated by suitable energy supply, for example in a drying oven, so that the released colorant diffuses or sublimates further into the material of the valuable or security product or the product layer. This creates a stronger bond between the colorant and the product material.
  • the patterns can be applied either on one side of a surface of a product layer or on both sides of both surfaces of a product layer or on several product layers intended for a valuable or security product, either on one side and/or on both sides.
  • the patterns can be formed by respective pattern element matrices on the product layer surfaces.
  • the pattern element matrices can each be identical. Or different types of matrices can be formed, which differ, for example, in the arrangement and/or in the type of pattern elements, for example in their color.
  • first elements of a pattern that are red when energy is introduced can be on a first surface
  • second elements of the pattern that are green when energy is introduced can be on a second surface
  • third elements of the Patterns that appear blue when energy is introduced, on a third surface are formed. At least two of these surfaces can be opposite surfaces of the same product layer.
  • the first pattern formed with the first elements, the second pattern formed with the second elements and the third pattern formed with the third elements can each be print extracts of the same overall pattern, for example the facial image of a person, and can be formed on top of one another in register, so that they result in an overall pattern .
  • Each of these print extracts includes part of the information stored by the entire print image. This means that several patterns can be formed in different pattern planes spaced apart from one another in the value or security document, which are parallel to one another.
  • first color particles for example red when energy is introduced
  • second color particles for example green when energy is introduced
  • third color particles which are green when energy is introduced for example, appear blue
  • the color particles of different types can also be in a single layer and, for example, homogeneously distributed therein. This would, for example, form a laser-compatible film that develops different colors.
  • the color particles of different types are located in different levels in the document, a targeted influence on the color particles located there can be achieved by focusing the beam of electromagnetic radiation on one of the levels.
  • the color particles in this plane are influenced according to the invention by the radiation intensity achieved by the focusing in the focal plane, while color particles in other planes are not influenced. Therefore, the color particles can be selectively addressed not only by specifically adjusting the photon energy of the electromagnetic radiation but also by adjusting the radiation power at the location of the color particles.
  • At least two types of color particle dispersions that differ by different dyes and/or pigments can be formed in pattern elements in a regular arrangement on a surface of at least one product layer.
  • the pattern elements can, for example, be transferred to the product layers in a grid arrangement in which pattern elements different colors, for example in the colors of the CMYK color space, are evenly distributed.
  • areas (pixels) of color particles of different types can alternate in a specific order.
  • a flat, in particular honeycomb-shaped, arrangement of such areas can be formed, in which, for example, cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y) and black (K) areas alternate along rows.
  • C cyan
  • M magenta
  • Y yellow
  • K black
  • the desired pattern is created.
  • electromagnetic radiation is locally introduced into certain areas at the points specified by the pattern of a certain color in order to obtain the desired color impression, possibly as a result of a color mixing of several pattern elements, each with a certain color.
  • a pattern representing information which is formed by color particles, can also be applied to the surface of the product layer.
  • this pattern can only be made perceptible later, since the respective colors do not yet emerge.
  • the pattern formed with the color particles can cover the entire surface of the product layer or only partially in a field on the product layer or the entire product layer.
  • a pattern can form an identification for the valuable or security product, for example an individualizing, in particular personalizing, identification.
  • the identification can represent information identifying the person to whom the valuable or security document is assigned, for example an identification in alphanumeric characters, such as the name, address, dates of birth or the like in plain text, a reproduction of one or more fingerprints , a facial image, a retina rendering, or the like.
  • the pattern can also be characteristic of an object to which the document is assigned.
  • the pattern can represent an identification for the document itself, such as the serial number of a banknote or a continuous numbering of a vehicle registration document or the like. If a laser system is used to activate the valuable or security product according to the invention If the document is personalized, it is a laser personalization which, according to the invention, is colored, in particular multi-colored.
  • the valuable or security product is preferably made from a polymer layer provided with the color particles, further polymer layers on or in which there are no color particles, and optionally external protective coatings or protective films.
  • the protective coatings or protective films serve to protect the outside against damage (scratches) and to enclose security features that are otherwise attached to the outside inside the product in order to protect against tampering.
  • a diffractive film can also be attached to the outside.
  • the valuable or security product can be produced from the document materials, in particular by lamination.
  • the product can also contain additional layers made of other materials, for example other polymers or paper or cardboard.
  • the lamination of PC is carried out in a hot/cold laminating press in a first step at 170 to 200°C and a pressure of 50 to 600 N/cm 2 and in a second step with cooling to approximately room temperature and under the same pressure.
  • the lamination of PET takes place at a higher temperature, for example at 220°C.
  • the polymer films typically have a thickness of 25 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the valuable or security product is preferably made from one or more polymer layers provided with different types of color particles.
  • the valuable or security product can have at least one further security feature that is either individualizing or non-individualizing.
  • Other security features that can be considered are mottled fibers, guilloches, watermarks, embossed prints, a security thread, microwriting, tilt images, holograms, optically variable pigments, luminescent colors, transmitted light registers and the like.
  • the document can also have electronic components, for example an RFID circuit with antenna and RFID microchip, electronic display elements, LEDs, touch-sensitive sensors and the like. The electronic components can, for example, be arranged hidden between two opaque layers of the document.
  • the embodiment of an identity card 100 shown in each case has a common format for the card, for example the ID 1 format according to ISO/IEC 7810.
  • the card can be made as a laminate from several polymer films, which can consist of PC and/or PET and individual layers of the form a map. Individual of these layers can be colored opaque with pigments so that the card hides an internal electronic arrangement, for example.
  • the card is formed from a polymer film as a substrate.
  • the card has a front 101 and a back (not shown). For example, it can have a thickness of 800 ⁇ m.
  • the card can have several security features, for example a facial image 105 of the person to whom the card is assigned, a data field 107 in which, for example, this person's data is stated in plain text, as well as other security features that are not shown.
  • the card 100 has a security feature 200 that has been activated in the manner according to the invention, whereupon the facial image 300 becomes visible.
  • a representation of the facial image of the card holder is shown in the form of a pattern as a representative of any differently designed identification. Other representations may be formed by any other pattern.
  • Laser activation device shown schematically is suitable for producing a multicolored pattern of pattern elements in a document blank 100.
  • the device has three lasers 2', 2", 2", three primary mirrors 3', 3", 3" or imaging optics (not shown), a secondary mirror 4, a control device 5 and a computer 6.
  • the imaging optics can also be located in the beam path after the mirror 4.
  • input data for example an image file, from which a halftone image can be formed
  • the raw data for programming the control device 5 is then generated from the halftone image.
  • the control device in turn controls the secondary mirror 4 so that the laser beam is guided over the surface of the document blank 100 to be activated.
  • the control unit also controls the lasers 2', 2", 2′′′ or a modulator (not shown) assigned to the lasers. With these modulators The intensity of the laser beams L can be individually modulated.
  • the device can be controlled to generate pattern elements of the pattern in the document blank.
  • the laser beams emitted by the lasers pass through the primary mirrors, then hit the secondary mirror 4 and are deflected by it onto the document blank.
  • the laser beams can, for example, be guided line by line over the document surface, with the intensity of the beams being adjusted by modulation to the desired beam intensity that is to be formed at a point on the document surface.
  • the laser beams can, for example, be focused on the surface in order to obtain the smallest possible beam diameter.
  • the imaging optics (not shown) can be controlled so that the laser beams are focused in different positions if the color particles are in different positions/depths in the document.
  • the pattern is generated by activating the document blank 100 by means of the lasers 2', 2", 2" by the laser beam L in the document blank striking color particles, for example at points of the document corresponding to pattern elements. These are damaged or melted or revealed by the effect of the laser beam or even destroyed, so that, for example, the colorant contained therein is released and thus noticeable to a viewer. Before activation, the colorant is hidden in the color particles, as the shell largely shields the colorant.
  • the colorant escapes to the outside: it leaks for example, if it is liquid, for example if the colorant is formed by a liquid dye or a (liquid) ink and a dye contained therein diffuses into the product material or if the colorant is formed by a (solid) color particle, this but due to the irradiation with the electromagnetic radiation of the laser, it melts and thus becomes liquid. In these cases, the liquid colorant penetrates the surrounding document material and creates a colored spot that can be easily perceived by a viewer. The effect of the electromagnetic radiation can also be to promote the diffusion of the colorant in the product material. If a solid colorant remains solid when the color particles are damaged or destroyed, its color appearance is also changed because it is exposed due to the removal of the shell (pelles).
  • Color particles 400 (shown here schematically: a red color particle (A) on the left and right, a blue color particle (B) next to it and a yellow color particle (C) in the middle) are in a middle document layer 110, which is from an upper one Document layer 115 and a lower document layer 116 are covered, embedded and lie essentially in a plane within the document layer.
  • the color particles were extruded together with the material of this document layer, resulting in a polymer film in which the color particles are embedded in a statistically uniform distribution.
  • the polymer film can be formed, for example, from PC based on bisphenol A.
  • the color particles have a core 410 and a shell (or shell) 420.
  • the core contains a liquid dye and the shell encloses it.
  • the core of the color particles can be formed by porous solid particles that absorb the dye in their pores, for example by zeolite particles.
  • the shell of the color particles can consist, for example, of a polyurethane or TiO 2 .
  • the material of the middle document layer can be transparent in a spectral range.
  • the upper document layer 115 is also transparent in the spectral ranges of the effective laser radiation.
  • One of the outer layers 115 or 116 is also transparent in the visible spectral range.
  • the other outer transparent document layers are made of PC, for example.
  • the middle document layer and the two outer document layers are brought together to form a laminate and bonded into a monolithic block in a conventional hot/cold laminating press using high pressure and high temperature in the usual manner.
  • This laminate is then arranged according to Fig. 2 processed: Due to its wavelength, the laser beam L of the first laser 2 ⁇ is absorbed exclusively in the yellow dye of the yellow color particles 400 (C).
  • a sensitizing agent that responds selectively to the laser radiation of the first laser 2' can also be contained either in the core 410 or in the shell 420 of the yellow color particles or in both their core and their shell. This only destroys the yellow color particles by causing their shell to burst. The yellow dye is then released so that it penetrates into the surrounding document material and forms a yellow dye spot 430 there. As a result, a yellow spot forms around the destroyed color particle.
  • the color particles of the other types absorb the laser radiation from the first laser 2 ⁇ not so that they are not destroyed. Yellow pattern elements are thus formed.
  • the additional 2", 2′′′ lasers with other wavelengths are used, the electromagnetic radiation of which comes exclusively from the red color particles or exclusively from the blue color particles is absorbed.
  • the respective color particles 400 are destroyed by means of the laser radiation exclusively at the locations of the document 100 and produce a locally perceptible color impression there, where the associated laser beam L develops its effect.
  • the spectral selectivity of the laser activation creates different colored pattern elements in different places on the document.
  • the color point resolution of the pattern naturally depends, on the one hand, on the laser beam cross section in the plane of the document layer in which the color particles are located, and, on the other hand, on the diffusion of the emerging colorant into the surrounding document material.
  • the color spots generated by the three lasers 2', 2", 2′′′ can, for example, be the in when laser beams L are guided line by line over the surface of the document Fig. 4 pattern shown 300 form.
  • the lines 310 are arranged horizontally and lie one above the other perpendicularly.
  • Color areas 320 (A, B, C) alternate within the lines. For example, when writing along the top line from left to right, the red color particle (A) activating laser beam 2" is first applied, then this laser beam is hidden and the blue color particle (B) activating laser beam 2" is switched on. The red color particle (A) is then activated again ) activating laser beam 2" is switched on and the laser beam 2" activating the blue color particles (B) is switched off again, etc. The same thing happens in the lines written afterwards. Individual color particles are not shown in this illustration because their size is significantly smaller than the extent of the color areas shown.
  • Fig. 5 is another example of forming a multicolored pattern 300 from different color particles (A, B, C).
  • areas corresponding to pattern elements are formed in the form of essentially round grid areas 350, each with one color, for example using a printing process. These areas are arranged offset from one another in lines 310 and in adjacent lines.
  • individual color particles are not shown. The individual areas are initially not visually perceptible because the Color particles are not yet damaged or destroyed. Through the action of appropriate laser radiation L, individual of these areas can be activated so that they form colored pattern elements. In the present case, the activation of all pattern elements is shown.
  • a pattern 300 is formed by the selective destruction or at least damage to the color particles.
  • this pattern can be the in Fig. 1 shown facial image 300 of the document holder can be in a multi-colored representation.
  • a second exemplary embodiment of a value or security document 100 activated according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the color particles 400 are formed by an optically variable colorant (OVI).
  • OMI optically variable colorant
  • the visually perceptible color impression is created by interference layers in the material. The color impression varies with the viewing angle at which a layer of color produced using these color particles is viewed.
  • these are mica plates that are thinly coated with metal oxide, for example titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) or iron (III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), (for example Iriodin ® , Merck, DE) and dispersed in a liquid ink matrix ( Color particle dispersion) are applied to a surface 111 of a document layer 110 so that they are aligned approximately the same with respect to the platelet plane on the surface.
  • metal oxide for example titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) or iron (III) oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), (for example Iriodin ® , Merck, DE) and dispersed in a liquid ink matrix ( Color particle dispersion) are applied to a surface 111 of a document layer 110 so that they are aligned approximately the same with respect to the platelet plane on the surface.
  • Such pigment particles 400 can be applied, for example, to the surface 111 of the polymer film 110, for example made of PC, by dispersing these pigment particles, for example, in a liquid (OVI: optically variable ink) and the dispersion produced in this way applied to the polymer film, for example by doctoring, spraying, pouring or printing.
  • the liquid can, for example, contain a binder made of PC, for example based on a geminal disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane. This binder has a high affinity for the PC of the polymer layer, so that a further polymer layer 115 laminated with it, also made of PC, can be firmly and permanently connected to the document layer 110.
  • the document film 110 prepared in this way can then be collected and laminated with the other polymer films 115, 116 as described above.
  • the resulting laminate is subjected to laser treatment to activate it.
  • the color particles are activated by means of a laser beam L, thereby slightly disturbing the interference layers of the color particles 400. This local disturbance results in a color contrast between untreated surface areas and treated surface areas becoming visually perceptible.
  • FIG. 7 A third exemplary embodiment is shown schematically.
  • an opaque polymer film 110 made of PC is prepared to hold color particles 400.
  • the color particles (A, B, C) are again core/shell particles with a liquid dye forming the core 410 or with an ink, optionally incorporated into a porous particle forming the core, or with a pigment forming the core.
  • the shell 420 can in turn be made of polyurethane or TiO 2 .
  • the polymer film is provided with the finest through holes 150 into which the color particles are accommodated.
  • holes can be drilled, for example, with a laser, for example with a laser that emits UV radiation (for example excimer laser).
  • the holes can be arranged in a regular area pattern, for example in rows and in adjacent rows offset from one another. Or the holes are arranged in a pattern forming a marking.
  • the holes can be arranged in the shape of the € sign.
  • the holes can be made perpendicular to the surface in the polymer film or at an angle ⁇ 90° to the film surface 111 in the film.
  • they are placed in a color particle dispersion that penetrates into the holes. The solvent of the Dispersion is then evaporated, leaving behind the color particles, possibly together with a binder.
  • the polymer layer 110 prepared in this way is then brought together with an upper document layer 115 and a lower document layer 116 and connected by lamination. This means that the cavities containing the color particles are closed on both sides. What is not shown is that unfilled hole areas can be completely filled when laminating surrounding polymer material.
  • the color particles 400 are then selectively damaged or destroyed so that they produce visually permanently perceptible color spots 430.
  • color particles (A) containing red dye are destroyed using a laser beam L from the second laser 2".
  • color particles (C) containing yellow dye are destroyed using the first laser 2'.
  • color particles (B) containing dye are destroyed. Since the color particles were originally located in the holes 150, the color spots are also essentially limited to the hole regions, so that a pattern predetermined by the hole arrangement dictates the arrangement of the colored areas.
  • Fig. 8 a fourth embodiment according to the present invention is shown.
  • color particles 400 are embedded in a polymer film 110 together with capsules 500, which contain a solvent for the shell 420 of the color particles.
  • the color particles can be core/shell particles with ink forming the core 410, forming liquid dye or pigment, or with another solid colorant.
  • the solvent can be located, for example, in zeolite particles or porous nanoparticles that are encapsulated with a shell 510 of a polycyanoacrylate, or in purely inorganic micro-containers.
  • the polymer film prepared in this way is then coated on both sides with a transparent protective coating 115, 116.
  • Laser radiation L is again used for activation, the laser radiation in this case not being absorbed in the color particles 400 but in the solvent capsules 500.
  • the solvent 520 emerges from the solvent capsules, but the color particles not be influenced.
  • the solvent then reaches neighboring color particles and destroys their shells 420, so that the colorant contained therein escapes or is exposed and forms corresponding color spots 430 (A, B).
  • the solvent capsules can absorb the laser radiation, they each contain, for example, a sensitizing agent in the solvent and/or in their shell and/or in the zeolite material.
  • the color particles can be arranged with solvent capsules that are sensitive to a corresponding laser radiation in regions of the document surface assigned to these particles and capsules, so that the solvent capsules of a type (A, B) destroyed by laser treatment only contain color particles of the corresponding type (A , B) destroy.
  • a preferred alternative to this is to apply or introduce the color particles of different types in spatially separate areas (pixelated).
  • the paint particles and associated solvent capsules may be contained in respective holes 150, as shown in the third embodiment.
  • color particles 400 are first applied to an intermediate carrier 600 and from there to the surface 111 of, for example, a transparent polymer film 110 ((re)transfer process).
  • dispersions containing color particles 400 are applied in a first step, for example in a rasterized manner, to the intermediate carrier 600 ( Fig. 9A ).
  • a dispersant contained in the dispersion and also located on the intermediate carrier is in Fig. 9A not shown.
  • a heat-resistant carrier material in film form for example made of polyamide or polyimide or PET, can preferably be used for the intermediate carrier.
  • the carrier material can, for example, be in the form of a sheet or a plate or a band.
  • an inkjet printer 700 is used to apply the color particle dispersions, shown here schematically with four print heads 710 for different colors (A, B, C, D).
  • a matrix of pattern elements corresponding to printing ink structures can be printed rasterized onto the intermediate carrier (see example from Fig. 10 ).
  • the support can be printed using a planographic printing or other coating process be printed.
  • the intermediate carrier can also be coated over the surface.
  • the individual colors can be applied in separate color fields, for example. Particularly preferred is the application of several flat color fields to a band to form a color band.
  • color particles are dispersed in a color particle formulation which contains a PC derivative, preferably based on a geminal disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, as a binder.
  • a solvent for the binder and other additives that are usually added to printing inks are included.
  • These dispersions are printed onto the intermediate carrier 600 by means of the inkjet printer 700 with the four print heads 710 for one of the four dispersions, structures in the size and with the arrangement of the pattern elements 350 to be formed on the surface of a laminate made of PC ( Fig. 10 ) are formed.
  • the size of the pattern elements is, for example, 30 ⁇ m.
  • all structures on the intermediate support that correspond to the pattern elements to be formed on the PC laminate, ie all four pattern element types A, B, C, D, are created in a reversed arrangement.
  • a grid is formed from which a pattern element arrangement, such as that in Fig. 10 shown can be generated.
  • the structures created on the surface of the intermediate carrier are transferred to this surface of the PC laminate ( Fig. 9B ).
  • the polymer film can be, for example, a laminated PC card.
  • the PC film is pressed against the intermediate carrier. This results in a grid arrangement of the printing ink structures with the four different dispersions on the polymer film surface. If the intermediate carrier is not provided with a gridded color particle layer but with a flat color particle layer, provision can be made to bring the intermediate carrier into contact with the surface of the polymer film only in certain areas in order to form color particle layer areas in certain areas.
  • the printing ink structures are white to gray and have no recognizable coloring. To a viewer, a print field in which the printing ink structures are located appears at best slightly gray due to their small size. After the color particles have been transferred to the polymer film, the intermediate carrier is lifted off again.
  • the PC film or PC card 110 printed in this way can then be assembled into a stack with other polymer films, for example PC or PET films, for example with a polymer layer 115. It is advantageous to use the printed surface 111 of the PC film to be arranged on the inside of the stack, so that the color particles 400 are also arranged on the inside of the stack.
  • the stack can then be further processed in a conventional hot/cold laminating process into a laminate, which, after appropriate completion, represents an activatable valuable or security document (a document blank) 100.
  • the printing ink structures are retained during lamination, i.e. the dye does not diffuse out.
  • the pattern elements are treated with a focused laser beam L ( Fig. 9C ).
  • a focused laser beam L Fig. 9C
  • the in Fig. 2 shown arrangement used. It is again shown that the laser beam destroys a yellow (C) color particle 400, so that yellow dye contained therein escapes and forms a yellow color spot 430. Other color particles are not damaged by this laser beam.
  • This process step can follow immediately after the process step of transferring the structures to the surface of the PC laminate or can be carried out in a significantly later step.
  • the transmission and activation can be carried out in the same device, while in the second case the two process steps are typically carried out in separate devices. For example, in this case a tape coated over the surface with the color particles can be used.
  • Fig. 10 the result is shown: In a first (top) row are Type A (red) printing ink structures and Type B (blue) printing ink structures and in a lower second row, offset from the first row, are Type C (yellow) printing ink structures and Printing ink structures of type D (green). The remaining rows down represent repeats of the first and second rows.
  • red or blue pattern elements 350 are formed, the printing field 160 appears blue in the upper area and red in the lower area.
  • These two stripes represent a pattern 300 that can represent information, for example the encoded value of a document provided with the pattern.
  • other, particularly more complicated patterns such as the facial image of a person, can of course also be developed by activating corresponding pattern elements in areas. Such a pattern can therefore also be individualizing for a valuable or security document 100.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
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Claims (16)

  1. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) contenant un matériau présentant des particules colorées (400), où le produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) est activable de façon constante au moyen d'un rayonnement électromagnétique (L), où une caractéristique de sécurité (200) constituée par les particules colorées (400) est perceptible optiquement, caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont constituées de particules poreuses sans coque pour les entourer, et en ce qu'un colorant (430) liquide ou solide est contenu dans des pores des particules colorées (400) ou en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont constituées d'un noyau (410) et d'une coque (420) entourant le noyau (410), et en ce que le noyau (410) est constitué d'un matériau poreux dans les pores duquel est contenu un colorant (430) liquide ou solide.
  2. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) ne forment aucune caractéristique ou une caractéristique optiquement à peine détectable avant activation par rayonnement électromagnétique.
  3. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que grâce à l'activation, les au moins un colorant (430) préparés avec les particules colorées (400) devient détectable par formation d'une caractéristique optiquement reconnaissable.
  4. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le noyau (410) et/ou la coque (420) sont conçus pour absorber au moins une partie du rayonnement électromagnétique (L) dans la gamme spectrale visible et/ou infrarouge et/ou UV.
  5. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le noyau (410) et/ou la coque (420) contiennent au moins un sensibilisateur absorbant le rayonnement électromagnétique (L).
  6. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau présente en outre des capsules (500) qui contiennent au moins un solvant (520) et qui sont conçus pour libérer l'au moins un solvant (520) lors de l'activation par le rayonnement électromagnétique (L), où l'au moins un solvant (520) convient pour pouvoir au moins attaquer les particules colorées (400) pour que l'au moins un colorant (430) soit libéré.
  7. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont incorporées dans le matériau.
  8. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) se trouvent dans des cavités (150) à l'intérieur du produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100).
  9. Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) est constitué d'au moins deux couches de produit (110, 115, 116) constitué de matériau, dont au moins une est constituée de polycarbonate (PC) ou contient du polycarbonate (PC), et en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont appliquées ou incorporées au moyen d'une dispersion contenant du polycarbonate (PC) en tant que liant sur ou dans au moins une couche de produit (110, 115, 116) constituée de polycarbonate (PC) ou contenant du polycarbonate (PC).
  10. Procédé d'activation d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) contenant un matériau présentant des particules colorées (400), comprenant les étapes suivantes : activation du produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) par irradiation par un rayonnement électromagnétique (L), de sorte qu'une caractéristique de sécurité (200) constituée par les particules colorées (400) est perceptible optiquement de façon constante grâce au rayonnement électromagnétique (L), caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont constituées de particules poreuses sans coque pour les entourer, et en ce qu'un colorant (430) liquide ou solide est contenu dans des pores des particules colorées (400) ou en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont constituées d'un noyau (410) et d'une coque (420) entourant le noyau (410), et en ce que le noyau (410) est constitué d'un matériau poreux dans les pores duquel est contenu un colorant (430) liquide ou solide.
  11. Procédé d'activation d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins un colorant (430) préparé avec les particules colorées (400) devient reconnaissable par formation d'une caractéristique optiquement reconnaissable.
  12. Procédé d'activation d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) selon l'une des revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce que le rayonnement électromagnétique (L) est un rayonnement laser.
  13. Procédé d'activation d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable (100) est irradié localement par le rayonnement électromagnétique (L).
  14. Procédé d'activation d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le rayonnement électromagnétique (L) se situe dans la gamme spectrale visible et/ou infrarouge et/ou UV.
  15. Procédé de fabrication d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    (a) Préparation d'au moins une couche de produit (110, 115, 116) ainsi que de particules colorées (400), dans laquelle les particules colorées (400) sont conçues de sorte que leur détectabilité optique peut constamment être modifiée par activation par un rayonnement électromagnétique (L) ;
    (b) Application des particules colorées (400) sur au moins une surface (111) d'au moins l'une des au moins une couche de produit (110) et/ou incorporation des particules colorées (400) dans au moins l'une des au moins une couche de produit (110) ;
    ainsi que
    (c) Activation du produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) par irradiation au moyen d'un rayonnement électromagnétique (L) pour modifier constamment la détectabilité optique des particules colorées (400) ;
    caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont constituées de particules poreuses sans coque pour les entourer, et en ce qu'un colorant (430) liquide ou solide est contenu dans des pores des particules colorées (400) ou en ce que les particules colorées (400) sont constituées d'un noyau (410) et d'une coque (420) entourant le noyau (410), et en ce que le noyau (410) est constitué d'un matériau poreux dans les pores duquel est contenu un colorant (430) liquide ou solide.
  16. Procédé de fabrication d'un produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les particules colorées (400) préparent l'au moins un colorant (430), les particules colorées (400) étant conçues pour libérer l'au moins un colorant (430) lors de l'activation du produit de sécurité ou de valeur (100) par rayonnement électromagnétique (L) et en ce que l'au moins un colorant (430) est libéré à l'activation pour que l'au moins un colorant (430) deviennent détectable par formation d'une caractéristique optiquement reconnaissable.
EP14771273.1A 2013-09-18 2014-09-17 Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable, procédé d'activation et procédé de fabrication du produit de sécurité ou de valeur Active EP3046774B1 (fr)

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DE102013218752.1A DE102013218752B4 (de) 2013-09-18 2013-09-18 Aktivierbares Wert- oder Sicherheitsprodukt, Verfahren zum Aktivieren und Verfahren zum Herstellen des Wert- oder Sicherheitsproduktes
PCT/EP2014/069785 WO2015040053A1 (fr) 2013-09-18 2014-09-17 Produit de sécurité ou de valeur activable, procédé d'activation et procédé de fabrication du produit de sécurité ou de valeur

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DE102013218751A1 (de) * 2013-09-18 2015-03-19 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitsmerkmals eines Wert- oder Sicherheitsprodukts sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Produkts

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EP0279104A1 (fr) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-24 Seiko Instruments Inc. Matériel produisant une image

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DE69102531T2 (de) * 1991-03-28 1994-09-29 Dainippon Ink & Chemicals Mikrokapseln, Verkapselungsverfahren und Methode zur Anwendung derselben.
EP0975148B1 (fr) * 1998-07-20 2007-01-24 Maurer Electronics Gmbh Procédé de gravure d'images avec radiation dans une couche sensible aux rayons, spécialement pour la gravure au laser
GB0113117D0 (en) * 2001-05-31 2001-07-18 Ici Plc Improvements in or relating to thermal transfer printing
GB0226597D0 (en) * 2002-11-14 2002-12-24 Sun Chemical Bv Laser marking process
DE102006008247A1 (de) * 2006-02-22 2007-08-23 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Lasermarkierbares Sicherheitselement
DE102007037981A1 (de) * 2007-08-10 2009-02-26 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Farbige Sicherheitsdokumentindividualisierung
DE102007059747A1 (de) * 2007-12-07 2009-06-10 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Polymerschichtverbund für ein Sicherheits- und/oder Wertdokument
FR2943074B1 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2011-05-20 Arjowiggins Security Substrat marquable au laser et procede de fabrication associe
KR101049800B1 (ko) * 2009-11-27 2011-07-15 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 유기 발광 조명 장치
US8953008B2 (en) * 2011-09-20 2015-02-10 U-Nica Technology Ag Method and device for producing color images on substrates containing color bodies and products produced thereby

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EP0279104A1 (fr) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-24 Seiko Instruments Inc. Matériel produisant une image

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DE102013218752A1 (de) 2015-03-19
DE102013218752B4 (de) 2021-01-28
EP3046774A1 (fr) 2016-07-27

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