EP3038761A1 - Installation and method with improved performance for forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier fluid - Google Patents
Installation and method with improved performance for forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier fluidInfo
- Publication number
- EP3038761A1 EP3038761A1 EP14781577.3A EP14781577A EP3038761A1 EP 3038761 A1 EP3038761 A1 EP 3038761A1 EP 14781577 A EP14781577 A EP 14781577A EP 3038761 A1 EP3038761 A1 EP 3038761A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- carrier liquid
- zone
- installation
- reservoir
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
- B05D1/20—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping substances to be applied floating on a fluid
- B05D1/202—Langmuir Blodgett films (LB films)
- B05D1/204—LB techniques
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2518/00—Other type of polymers
- B05D2518/10—Silicon-containing polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of installations and processes for forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier liquid, the compact film obtained being generally intended to be deposited on a substrate, preferably in scrolling.
- the invention relates to the formation of a compact film of particles, also called ordered particles film, preferably of the monolayer type and whose particle size may be between a few nanometers and several hundred micrometers.
- the particles preferably of spherical shape, may for example be silica particles.
- the invention relates to the formation of simple compact films, or to the formation of structured compact films, this structuring aimed at putting the film into shape in order, for example, to integrate other particles, and / or objects. Another possibility is to provide hollow areas of particles, surrounded by the film which remains ordered.
- a hybrid device associates by definition on the same substrate objects having various functions, for example electronic, optical, electro-optical, piezoelectric, thermoelectric, mechanical, etc.
- the objects to be integrated into the particle film are for example:
- active electronic components such as transistors, microprocessors, integrated circuits, etc. ;
- passive components of the electronics such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, photodiodes, coils, conductive tracks, welding preforms, etc. ;
- optical components such as lenses, microlenses, diffraction gratings, filters, etc. ;
- nano or micrometric particles or aggregates active or passive, for example of the oxides, polymers, metals, semiconductors, Janus type (particles having two faces of natures or different properties), nanotubes, etc.
- the invention has applications in many fields such as fuel cells, optics, photonics, polymer coating, chips, MEMs, organic and photovoltaic electronics, heat exchangers, sensors, tribology, etc.
- an accumulation and transfer zone fed with particles, which float on a carrier liquid contained in this same zone.
- the particles ordered in the transfer zone forming a monolayer of particles called thin film, are pushed by the arrival of other particles as well as by the circulation of the carrier liquid, towards an exit of this zone by which they reach the substrate. They are then deposited on the moving substrate.
- a capillary bridge usually ensures the connection between the substrate and the carrier liquid contained in the accumulation and transfer zone.
- the particles are kept ordered thanks in particular to the pressure exerted upstream by the moving particles intended to later reach this transfer zone.
- the cohesion of the particle scheduling is further ensured by weak forces of capillary or electrostatic type.
- the kinetic energy required for the self-sequencing of the particles is here brought by the inclined ramp carrying the carrier liquid and the particles.
- the particles are generally in solution in the dispensing device.
- the latter is arranged to deliver the particles to the surface of the carrier liquid, at a reservoir zone placed upstream of the inclined ramp and communicating with the inlet thereof.
- the composition of the solution and that of the carrier liquid may be immiscible or very immiscible, and their respective surface tensions may also differ. This is particularly the case when the solution contains one or more solvents of the chloroform or n-butanol type, the respective surface tensions of which are 26.67 and 24.93 mN / m at 25 ° C., and that the carrier liquid is deionized water with a surface tension of the order of 72 mN / m at the same temperature.
- the invention firstly relates to an installation for forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier liquid, the installation comprising:
- a structure for the deflection of the particles, passing through the surface of the carrier liquid in the reservoir zone said structure being arranged downstream of said particle dispensing means in a main flow direction of the liquid carrier of the reservoir zone to the particle accumulation and transfer zone, via the inclined ramp, said structure being configured to favor, in a transverse direction of the installation parallel to the surface of the carrier liquid and orthogonal to a main direction of flow, a spread of the particles at the outlet of the reservoir zone.
- said structure for the deflection of the particles is permeable to the carrier liquid. Also, the specific structure of the invention makes it possible to divide, distribute and slow down the progression of the Marangoni disturbances.
- the installation according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate / limit the risks of dry zones on the inclined ramp, while operating with high yields.
- the invention comprises at least one of the following optional features, taken singly or in combination.
- Said structure for the deflection of the particles has, alternately, along the latter between a first end and a second end opposite in said transverse direction, obstacles and spaces allowing the passage of the carrier liquid.
- Said obstacles are rods, for example screw rods screwed onto a support plate.
- the obstacles could nevertheless have any other general form, without departing from the scope of the invention. It could for example be a general conical, pyramidal or tubular shape.
- Said obstacles are implanted with a pitch of about 1 to 10 mm, preferably 5 mm, and the structure for the deflection of the particles is carried out so as to present, on the surface of the carrier liquid, an opening rate of the from 0.05 to 0.9, preferably close to 0.5.
- the obstacles are made of hydrophobic material, superhydrophobic or hydrophilic, for example metal material.
- the obstacles have a width of between 1 and 9.5 mm.
- the structure for particle deflection extends all along the carrier liquid, in said transverse direction of the installation.
- the particle deflection structure has a general shape defining at least a convex portion viewed from an outlet of said reservoir zone. It is preferably in the vicinity of this convex portion that the means for dispensing particles on the surface of the carrier liquid are arranged.
- the particle deflection structure has a generally parabolic, circular, V or sinusoidal shape.
- the reservoir zone comprises, downstream of the structure for the deflection of the particles, at least one compartment delimited by a wall permeable to the carrier liquid whose surface is crossed by the same wall. This makes it possible to slow down the propagation of hydrodynamic instabilities.
- Said wall is made by the alternation of obstacles and spaces allowing the passage of the carrier liquid.
- This embodiment is therefore substantially identical to that of the structure for the deflection of the particles.
- all the optional features described in connection with this structure are also applicable to the walls of the compartments. Nevertheless, it is noted that the particles floating on the surface of the carrier liquid are intended to pass through these walls to temporarily enter the compartments, while they are not intended to pass through the deflection structure downstream of which these particles are dispensed.
- Each compartment has, on the surface of the carrier liquid, an area of between 0.5 and several hundred cm 2 , for example 1000 cm 2 , and more preferably between 2 and 500 cm 2 .
- the installation comprises a substrate for depositing the compact film of particles, said substrate being opposite a particle outlet of said accumulation and transfer zone. It is configured to ensure deposition of the compact film of particles on a moving substrate, said substrate being flexible or rigid.
- the invention further comprises, arranged at a junction between the reservoir zone and the inclined ramp, means for raising the level of carrier liquid by capillary effect.
- the invention provides means for locally raising the level of carrier liquid just before entering the inclined ramp, and this by capillary effect compensating for the weight of the carrier liquid.
- This technique makes it possible to attenuate the phenomenon of variation of the thickness of the liquid resulting from the interfacial tension gradients between the carrier liquid and the solution comprising the particles.
- the purpose of the elevation means is to increase the level of the carrier liquid and therefore to remove the instabilities from the bottom, and thus to modify the flow lines of the carrier liquid in order to favor spreading in the width.
- the invention also comprises at least one of the following optional features, taken alone or in combination.
- Said means for raising the level of carrier liquid by capillary action consist of a barrier of studs spaced from each other.
- elevation means may be supplemented by a second pad of pad offset from the first, in the main direction of flow of the liquid.
- the elevation means can be positioned by suspension to a room, itself emerging from the stream, via a comb for example. Also, the studs do not necessarily touch the bottom of the reservoir zone.
- Said pads are implanted with a pitch of about 2 to 4 mm. They are generally conical, pyramidal or tubular. Other forms may nevertheless be envisaged, in particular a cylindrical shape, with the section being square, triangular, polygonal or a variable section on the height of the stud.
- the pads are made of hydrophobic material, for example silicone.
- the studs have a ratio between their height and their maximum width of between 1 and 30.
- the studs have a base width of about 2 mm and a height of between 2 and 3 mm.
- Said means for raising the level of carrier liquid by capillary effect extend all along the carrier liquid, in the transverse direction of the installation parallel to the surface of the carrier liquid and orthogonal to the main direction of flow of the carrier liquid. from the reservoir zone to the particle accumulation and transfer zone, via the inclined ramp.
- the installation comprises a substrate for depositing the compact film of particles, said substrate being opposite a particle outlet of said accumulation and transfer zone.
- the installation is configured to ensure deposition of the compact film of particles on a moving substrate, said substrate being flexible or rigid.
- the invention also relates to a method of forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier liquid, using an installation as described above, the method comprising a step of causing the carrier liquid to move from the reservoir zone to the particle accumulation and transfer zone, via the inclined ramp, and to dispense the particles in solution to the surface. moving carrier liquid in the reservoir zone, said step of moving the carrier liquid being carried out so as to circulate the carrier liquid through said permeable structure for deflecting the particles, arranged upstream of said dispensing means; these same particles.
- the method is implemented for the formation of a compact film of particles having a large dimension of between 1 nm and 500 ⁇ .
- the particles / colloids used may be of the oxide particle type (SiO 2, ZnO, Al 2 O 3, etc.), polymers (latex, PMMA, polystyrene, etc.) or metal (Au, Cu, alloys) , etc.).
- the size range of the particles is preferably between 1 nm and 500 ⁇ , it is also possible to use glass fibers, for example with a diameter of 10 ⁇ , and lengths ranging from 10 to 4000 ⁇ , provided that it is less than the distance separating two studs.
- Other particles of the silicon type or graphene sheets are also conceivable, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the carrier liquid is deionized water
- said particles are in solution in a solvent having a surface tension lower than that of deionized water, said solvent being preferably n-butanol, methanol, chloroform , or a mixture of at least two of them.
- FIG. 1 shows an installation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in schematic section taken along the line 1-1 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the installation shown in Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the structure for the deflection of particles, equipping the installation shown in the preceding figures;
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged front view of a portion of the structure shown in the previous figure
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic front view of another embodiment of the structure for deflecting particles, equipping the installation shown in Figures 1 and 2;
- FIG. 6 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3, with the reservoir zone produced in a multi-compartmental manner;
- FIG. 7 is a view from above of that shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view showing the barrier of spaced studs equipping the installation shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;
- Figure 9 is a front view of that shown in Figure 8.
- FIGS. 10a to 11b schematically represent different steps of a method for forming and depositing a compact film of particles according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, implemented using the installation shown in FIG. previous figures.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 an installation is shown
- the installation 1 comprises means 2 for dispensing the particles 4 in solution.
- These particles have a size that can be between a few nanometers and several hundred micrometers.
- the particles preferably of spherical shape, may for example be silica particles.
- Other particles of interest can be made of metal or metal oxide such as platinum, TiO 2, polymer such as polystyrene or PMMA, carbon, etc.
- the particles are silica spheres with a diameter of between 1 nm and 500 ⁇ m, and even more preferentially of the order of 1 ⁇ .
- These particles 4 are stored in solution in the means 2.
- the proportion of the medium is about 7 g of particles per 200 ml of solution, here of the butanol type or chloroform.
- the particles 4 have been represented with a diameter greater than their actual diameter.
- the dispensing means 2 have a controllable injection nozzle of about 500 ⁇ in diameter.
- the installation also comprises a liquid conveyor 10, receiving a carrier liquid 16 on which the particles 4 are intended to float.
- the conveyor 10 includes a reservoir zone 11, an inclined ramp 12 for circulating the particles, and a zone 14 for accumulating and transferring the particles.
- the ramp 12 is located in the extension of the tank 11, that is to say that its inlet is substantially coincident with the outlet of the tank.
- the accumulation and transfer zone 14 is located in the extension of the inclined ramp, that is to say that its inlet is substantially coincident with the exit of the ramp, on which the particles are intended to circulate. by gravity.
- the inclined ramp 12 establishes a rupture of level between the reservoir 11 and the accumulation and transfer zone 14. The latter has a substantially horizontal bottom, or a slight inclination so as to promote the emptying of the installation, where appropriate.
- the upper end of the inclined ramp 12 is provided to receive the particles of the tank 11, previously injected by the dispensing means 2.
- This ramp is straight, inclined at an angle of between 5 and 60 °, preferably between 10 and 30 °, allowing the particles to be conveyed to the zone 14.
- the carrier liquid 16 circulates on this ramp 12, into the accumulation and transfer zone 14.
- This liquid 16 is also put in motion by appropriate means, for example a pump 18.
- This recirculation pump 18 thus ensures a movement of the liquid 16 so as to circulate it from the tank 11 to the accumulation and transfer zone 14, passing through the ramp
- the carrier liquid 16 is preferably deionized water, on which the particles 4 can float. It can also be a combination of several immiscible liquids. As a reminder, solvents of the chloroform or n-butanol type have surface tensions of the order of 26.67 and 24.93 mN / m at 25 ° C, respectively, while the deionized water has a surface tension of the order of 72 mN / m.
- the interfacial tension gradients resulting from these differences in values induce hydrodynamic instabilities, which result in convection movements also known as instabilities of Marangoni. The consequences of these convection movements are attenuated by means of the invention, which will be described below.
- the lower end of the ramp 12 is connected to an inlet of the particle accumulation and transfer zone 14.
- This inlet 22 is located at an inflection line 24 materializing the junction between the surface of the carrier liquid present on the inclined plane of the ramp 12, and the surface of the carrier liquid present on the horizontal portion of the zone 14.
- the particle inlet 22 is spaced apart from a particle outlet 26 by means of two lateral flanges 28 holding the carrier liquid 16 in the zone 14. These flanges 28, opposite and at a distance from one another , extend parallel to a main direction of flow of the carrier liquid and particles in the installation, this direction being shown schematically by the arrow 30 in Figures 1 and 2.
- the flanges 28 preferably extend over the entire length of the conveyor 10, the tank 11 to the zone 14. They are spaced in a transverse direction 31 of the installation, parallel to the surface of the liquid 16 and orthogonal to the main direction of flow 30.
- the three elements 11, 12, 14 of the conveyor 10 therefore each have the shape of a corridor or an open path at its entry and exit, even if other geometries could be adopted, without departing from the scope of the invention. 'invention.
- the bottom of the downstream portion of the zone 14 has a plate slightly inclined upstream relative to the horizontal direction, for example a value of the order of 5 to 10 °. It is the downstream end of this same plate, also called “blade”, which partly defines the output of the particles 26.
- the installation 1 is also provided with a substrate conveyor 36, for putting the substrate 38 in motion.
- This substrate can be rigid or flexible. In the latter case, it can be set in motion on a roll 40 whose axis is parallel to the outlet 26 of the zone 14, near which it is located. Indeed, the substrate 38 is intended to run very close to the outlet 26, so that the particles reaching this outlet can be easily transferred to this substrate, via a capillary bridge 42, also called meniscus, which connects it to the carrier liquid 16.
- the capillary bridge 42 is provided between the carrier liquid 16 which is located at the outlet 26, and a portion of the substrate 38 conforming to the guide / driving roll 40.
- the substrate may be in direct contact with the the transfer zone, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the capillary bridge mentioned above is then no longer required.
- the substrate is rigid and the objects to be transferred are also rigid and can not adapt to an angle break during transfer, it may be advantageous to immerse the substrate in the liquid of the accumulation zone and transfer 14, and draw in this configuration. This makes it possible to maximize the angle formed between the horizontal plane of the liquid of the zone 14, and the plane of the substrate.
- the width of the substrate corresponds to the width of the zone 14 and its outlet 26. It is a width that also corresponds to the maximum width of the particle film that is possible to deposit on the substrate. This width can be of the order of 25 to 30 cm. The width of the substrate on which the particles must be deposited may however be less than the width of the zone 14.
- the installation 1 also comprises a structure 50 for the deflection of the particles 4, this structure being arranged at the reservoir 11, downstream of the dispensing means 2 in the main direction of flow 30.
- the deflection structure 50 passes through the surface of the carrier liquid 16. It is configured to favor, in the transverse direction 31, a spreading of the particles 4 at the outlet of the reservoir 11. To do this, the structure 50 extends all along the carrier liquid in the transverse direction 31, between a first and a second end opposite in the same direction 31. It has a general shape defining at least a convex portion 50a seen from an outlet of the tank, the dispensing means 2 being arranged just downstream of this convex part. As best seen in Figure 2, the structure 50 has a generally parabolic shape, with the convex portion 50a corresponding to its apex.
- the parabolic structure 50 extends downstream and towards the rims 28 to the vicinity of the outlet of the reservoir, which makes it possible to spread the particles 4 in direction 31 before these do not reach the inclined ramp 12.
- the density of the particles 4 would be greater in the center than on the edges of this tank 11.
- the deflecting structure 50 is permeable to the carrier liquid. This function is provided by alternating between its first and second ends, obstacles 52 and spaces 54 separating these obstacles.
- Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment in which the obstacles 52 are screw rods screwed onto a support plate 56, resting for example in the tank bottom. This plate 56 is thus pierced with holes each receiving a screw 52, these holes being made on along a fictitious line of parabolic shape, corresponding to that desired for the structure 50.
- the obstacles 52 are implanted with a pitch "p" of about 5 mm.
- the deflecting structure 50 is made so as to have, on the surface of the liquid 16, an aperture rate close to 0.5. This opening ratio corresponds to the ratio between the sum of the lengths "d1" of the spaces 54, and the sum of the lengths "dl” and lengths "d2" of the screw rods 52 corresponding to their diameter, for example of the order 3 mm.
- the screw rods 52 and the support plate 56 are preferably made of hydrophobic material, for example of polymeric material.
- the obstacles 52 could be connected to an upper support 56, in the manner of a comb.
- the support 56 would then no longer be immersed in the carrier liquid traversed by the rods 52, but located above this liquid being for example connected to the edges 28 of the conveyor.
- the walls 62 which also cross the surface of the liquid 16, further inhibit the propagation of hydrodynamic instabilities.
- These permeable walls 62 are made in a substantially identical manner or similar to the structure 50, namely by obstacles and spaces allowing the passage of the carrier liquid.
- all the characteristics described for the structure 50 are applicable to the walls 62 delimiting the compartments 60, whose area on the surface of the liquid 16 may be between 2 and 500 cm 2 .
- the walls 62 may be made by screw rods traversing the surface of the carrier liquid, and screwed into corresponding holes made through the support plate 56 also carrying the deflecting structure 50.
- the shape of the compartments 60 may vary. In the example shown, some walls 62 delimiting several compartments have a parabolic shape substantially homothetic with that of the deflecting structure 50.
- the walls 62 being arranged downstream of the dispensing means 2 of the particles 4, they can therefore be passed through these walls 62 before arriving at the entrance of the ramp 12.
- instabilities and particles can traverse structure 50 from downstream to upstream. This is a temporary phenomenon since the flow of carrier liquid pushes the assembly towards the inclined plane, downstream.
- the advantage of such a situation is to take advantage of the upstream structure 50 to further deconflect the instabilities.
- the profile of the structure 50 for example parabolic, circular, V, sinusoidal, etc., deforms the surface current lines to promote the spreading of the particles and instabilities according to the width 31.
- Another feature of the invention lies in the provision, arranged at a junction 73 between the reservoir 11 and the inclined ramp 12, means 70 for raising the liquid level 16 by capillary effect. It is noted that this junction 73 between the reservoir 11 and the ramp 12 is located at a point of inflection of the liquid between these two elements of the conveyor 10.
- These means 70 preferably made by a transverse barrier of pads 72 spaced from each other, for locally raising the level of the carrier liquid 16, just before entering the inclined ramp 12.
- This barrier is shown in more detail on the Figures 8 and 9.
- the pads 72 which constitute it in fact allow the creation of a transverse bead of liquid 74 at the junction between the reservoir 11 and the ramp 12, and this by capillary effect compensating for the weight of the carrier liquid.
- This technique aimed at creating the bead 74 projecting upwards, further attenuates the phenomenon of variation in the thickness of the liquid resulting from the interfacial tension gradients between this liquid 16 and the solution containing the particles 4 The risks of dewetting of the ramp 12 are thus further reduced by the implementation of this arrangement.
- the pads 72 are arranged over the entire width of the tank 11, in the direction 31. They are implanted with a pitch "p" of about 2 to 4 mm.
- the pads are generally conical, with the base downwards, width / diameter "d3" of about 2 mm, and a height “h” of between 2 and 3 mm.
- These pads are made of hydrophobic material, for example silicone.
- the injection nozzle 6 is activated to begin dispensing the particles 4 in the tank 11. This involves implementing an initial step of filling the accumulation and transfer zone 14, by the particles 4, with the carrier liquid 16 already at the required level in the zone 14. This step is shown schematically in Figures 10a and 10b.
- the dispensed particles 4 are guided by the structure 50 and pass through the compartments when they are provided in the tank 11, before reaching the ramp 12. The particles 4 then enter the zone 14 in which they disperse.
- the upstream front of these particles tends to shift upstream, in the direction of the inflection line 24.
- the injection of particles is continued even after this upstream front has passed the line 24, so that it rises on the inclined ramp 12.
- the upstream particle front 55 rises on the ramp 12 so that it is at a given horizontal distance "d4" of the inflection line 24, as shown in FIG. .
- the distance "d4" can be of the order of 30 mm.
- the particles 4 are ordered in the zone 14 and on the ramp 12, on which they are automatically arranged, without assistance, thanks in particular to their kinetic energy and to the capillary forces used to advantage at the moment of the impact on the forehead 55.
- the scheduling is such that the first compact film obtained has a so-called "compact hexagonal" structure in the case of spheres, in which each particle 4 is surrounded and contacted by six other particles 4 in contact with each other. It is then indifferently spoken of compact film of particles, or film of ordered particles.
- the ordered particles 4 forming the film cover the entirety of the carrier liquid located in zone 14, it may be proceeded with a structuring step of this film, which will not be detailed here, but which is known to the skilled person. It consists for example in the placing of objects on the compact film. Subsequently, the substrate 38, initiated as soon as the front 55 has reached the required level shown in FIG. 11a, and after the eventual structuring process mentioned above, is set in motion. Alternatively, the structuring could be carried out after the deposition of the film on the substrate, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the film of particles 4 is deposited there through the outlet 26 and through the capillary bridge 42, in the manner of that described in CA 2 695 449.
- a solution by contact rather than by capillary bridge is also possible, without departing from the scope of the invention.
- thermal annealing subsequent to the transfer.
- This thermal annealing is for example carried out at 80 ° C, using a low-temperature matt rolling film based on polyester, for example marketed under the reference PE FEX-MATT TM, of thickness 125 ⁇ .
- the substrate 38 may be of the silicon, glass or piezoelectric film type.
- the particle injection and the rate of travel of the substrate are adjusted so that the particle front remains in a substantially identical position.
- the particle flow rate can be of the order of 0.1 ml / min to several ml / min, while the linear speed of the substrate 38, also called pulling speed, can be of the order of 0 , 1 cm / min to 100 cm / min.
- This high pulling speed which can be more than 30% higher than the maximum speeds possible with the prior art installations, is obtained in particular by virtue of the circulation of the carrier liquid through the permeable deflecting structure 50, and thanks to the realization, by capillary effect, of the bead of liquid before its introduction on the inclined ramp 12.
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1359922A FR3011752B1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | INSTALLATION AND METHOD WITH IMPROVED EFFICIENCY OF FORMING COMPACT PARTICLE FILM AT THE SURFACE OF A CARRIER LIQUID |
PCT/EP2014/071623 WO2015052275A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-10-09 | Installation and method with improved performance for forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier fluid |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3038761A1 true EP3038761A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
EP3038761B1 EP3038761B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
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EP14781577.3A Not-in-force EP3038761B1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2014-10-09 | High efficiency installation and method for forming a compact film of particles on the surface of a carrier liquid |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9962729B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3038761B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3011752B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015052275A1 (en) |
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EP3429819B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2021-04-14 | Nanogrande | Method and apparatus for forming layers of particles for use in additive manufacturing |
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US7241341B2 (en) | 2002-05-10 | 2007-07-10 | Nanometrix Inc. | Method and apparatus for two dimensional assembly of particles |
WO2008014604A1 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2008-02-07 | Nanometrix Inc. | Modular transfer apparatus and process |
FR2959564B1 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2012-06-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | DEVICE FORMING A PRESSURE GAUGE FOR THE DIPHASIC FLUID PRESSURE MEASUREMENT, METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME, AND ASSOCIATED FLUID NETWORK |
FR2971956B1 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2013-03-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR DEPOSITING PARTICLE FILM ORDERED ON A SCROLLING SUBSTRATE |
FR2977121B1 (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2014-04-25 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE VOLUME MATERIAL |
DE102011078982B4 (en) | 2011-07-11 | 2015-02-12 | Cortec Gmbh | Implantable nerve electrode and method of making an implantable nerve electrode |
FR2977810A1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR DEPOSITING OR ADJUSTABLE PARTICLE FILM OF ADJUSTABLE WIDTH TO A SCROLLING SUBSTRATE |
FR2985249B1 (en) | 2012-01-02 | 2014-03-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD OF TRANSFERRING OBJECTS TO A SUBSTRATE USING A COMPACT PARTICLE FILM |
FR2986721B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2014-06-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR DEPOSITING A PARTICLE FILM ON A SUBSTRATE VIA A LIQUID CONVEYER, COMPRISING A STRUCTURING STEP OF THE FILM ON THE SUBSTRATE |
FR2986720B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2014-03-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR DEPOSITING PARTICLES ON A SUBSTRATE, COMPRISING A STEP FOR STRUCTURING A PARTICLE FILM ON A LIQUID CONVEYOR |
FR2986722B1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2014-03-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING OBJECTS TO A SUBSTRATE USING A COMPACT PARTICLE FILM, WITH A CONNECTER IMPLEMENTATION STEP ON THE OBJECTS |
FR2995228B1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2014-09-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | METHOD FOR FORMING A PARTICLE FILM ON A CARRIER LIQUID, WITH DISPLACEMENT OF AN INCLINED PARTICLE COMPRESSION RAMP |
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2013
- 2013-10-11 FR FR1359922A patent/FR3011752B1/en active Active
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2014
- 2014-10-09 WO PCT/EP2014/071623 patent/WO2015052275A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-10-09 EP EP14781577.3A patent/EP3038761B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-10-09 US US15/027,336 patent/US9962729B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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None * |
See also references of WO2015052275A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3011752A1 (en) | 2015-04-17 |
WO2015052275A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
FR3011752B1 (en) | 2015-12-25 |
US9962729B2 (en) | 2018-05-08 |
EP3038761B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
US20160236237A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
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