EP3037676B1 - Multidirectional switching valve for construction machine - Google Patents
Multidirectional switching valve for construction machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3037676B1 EP3037676B1 EP14837856.5A EP14837856A EP3037676B1 EP 3037676 B1 EP3037676 B1 EP 3037676B1 EP 14837856 A EP14837856 A EP 14837856A EP 3037676 B1 EP3037676 B1 EP 3037676B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- direction switching
- pilot
- switching valve
- accelerating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
- E02F9/2239—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using two or more pumps with cross-assistance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2282—Systems using center bypass type changeover valves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2285—Pilot-operated systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2292—Systems with two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/17—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors using two or more pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
- F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
- F15B2211/20576—Systems with pumps with multiple pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
- F15B2211/3056—Assemblies of multiple valves
- F15B2211/3059—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for multiple output members
- F15B2211/30595—Assemblies of multiple valves having multiple valves for multiple output members with additional valves between the groups of valves for multiple output members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/329—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
- F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
- F15B2211/7135—Combinations of output members of different types, e.g. single-acting cylinders with rotary motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
- F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
- F15B2211/7142—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders the output members being arranged in multiple groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multiple direction switching valve for moving a plurality of hydraulic actuators mounted on a construction equipment such as a hydraulic shovel.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention related to a multiple direction switching valve of this type.
- a boom direction switching valve 5a is operated in a boom raising direction
- a boom-acceleration direction switching valve 14a is simultaneously switched, to allow pressure oil to be supplied from a first hydraulic pump 1 and a second hydraulic pump 2 to a boom cylinder 5 (boom acceleration).
- Patent Document 1 JP2004-324208A
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a multiple direction switching valve capable of stopping acceleration of a first actuator upon operation of a second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- the present invention is a multiple direction switching valve of a construction equipment, comprising a first circuit and a second circuit that are formed in a valve member block, wherein:
- the present invention is a multiple direction switching valve of a construction equipment, comprising a first circuit, a second circuit and a third circuit that are formed in a valve member block, wherein:
- the aforementioned two inventions have the unity of invention in that the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism, which is activated when the second direction switching valve is operated, is provided in the valve member block.
- the acceleration of the first actuator can be stopped upon operation of the second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- a hydraulic shovel to which a multiple direction switching valve 101 is applied includes three pumps (hydraulic pumps) 51, 52 and 53. These three hydraulic pumps 51, 52 and 53 are driven by, e.g., an engine (not shown).
- the hydraulic shovel has hydraulic actuators, such as two traveling hydraulic motors 54 and 57, a boom hydraulic cylinder 55, a bucket hydraulic cylinder 56, an arm hydraulic cylinder 59, a turn hydraulic motor 60, a dozer hydraulic cylinder 61 and so on, which are mounted on necessary positions.
- an optional actuator 58 (service) may be mounted on the hydraulic shovel.
- the left traveling hydraulic motor 54, the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 and the bucket hydraulic cylinder 56 are first actuators, operations of which are respectively controlled by a left traveling direction switching valve 1x, a boom direction switching valve 1y and a bucket direction switching valve 1z which are located on a first circuit A.
- These direction switching valves are spool valves of a hydraulic pilot type, and are sometimes referred to as control valves (this also applies to another direction switching valve described below).
- Pressure oil is supplied mainly from the first pump 51 to the respective direction switching valves (first circuit A) located on the first circuit A.
- the left traveling direction switching valve 1x, the boom direction switching valve 1y and the bucket direction switching valve 1z are first direction switching valves, respectively.
- the right traveling hydraulic motor 57, the actuator 58 and the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 are second actuators, operations of which are respectively controlled by a right traveling direction switching valve 2x, a service direction switching valve 2y and an arm direction switching valve 2z which are located on a second circuit B.
- Pressure oil is supplied mainly from the second pump 52 to the respective direction switching valves (second circuit B) located on the second circuit B.
- the right traveling direction switching valve 2x, the service direction switching valve 2y and the arm direction switching valve 2z are second direction switching valves, respectively.
- the turn hydraulic motor 60 and the dozer hydraulic cylinder 61 are third actuators, operations of which are controlled by a turn direction switching valve 3x and a dozer direction switching valve 3y which are located on a third circuit C.
- Pressure oil is supplied from a third pump 53 to the turn direction switching valve 3x (third circuit C).
- Pressure oil is supplied mainly from the third pump 53 to the respective direction switching valve (third circuit C) located on the third circuit C.
- the turn direction switching valve 3x and the dozer direction switching valve 3y are third direction switching valves, respectively.
- the respective direction switching valves (1x to 1z, 2x to 2z, 3x and 3y) and the respective circuits (A, B, C) are disposed in a valve member block 10.
- a boom accelerating valve 4 (first actuator accelerating valve) is located on the second circuit B in the valve member block 10.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 accelerates an operation for raising the boom.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 is located in an unloading path 32, which extends from the second pump 52 to a tank T, at a position on a downstream side of the arm direction switching valve 2z.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 may be located in the unloading path 32 at a position on an upstream side of the arm direction switching valve 2z.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 is a three-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes an accelerating position 4a and a neutral position 4b.
- the accelerating position 4a is a position at which the pressure oil from the second pump 52 is supplied to the cylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- the neutral position 4b is a position at which the pressure oil from the second pump 52 is not supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- a sub valve 8 is integrally provided on the boom accelerating valve 4.
- a pilot port 9a pilot chamber 9a
- a pilot port 9b pilot chamber 9b
- the boom accelerating valve 4 takes the neutral position 4b.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 switches to the accelerating position 4a.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 returns to the neutral position 4b from the accelerating position 4a.
- a boom-raising pilot line 25 is connected to the pilot port 9a of the boom accelerating valve 4.
- a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced to the boom-raising pilot line 25.
- valve member block 10 there is provided a merging valve 5 that supplies the pressure oil from the third pump 53 to the first direction switching valve and/or the second direction switching valve.
- the merging valve 5 is a three-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes a neutral position 5a, an arm merging position 5b (arm and service merging position) and a independent traveling position 5c.
- Two pilot ports i.e., a first pilot port 10a and a second pilot port 10b are disposed on one side of the merging valve 5, and a spring 10c is disposed on the other side thereof.
- the merging valve 5 takes the neutral position 5a by means of an elastic force of the spring 10c.
- the merging valve 5 switches to the arm merging position 5b.
- the merging valve 5 switches to the independent traveling position 5c.
- a boom-lowering pilot line 26 is connected to the first pilot port 10a of the merging valve 5.
- a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for lowering the boom is introduced to the boom-lowering pilot line 26.
- an independent-traveling-signal (pilot pressure) pilot line 21 (independent traveling signal pilot path) connecting to the pilot pump 62 is connected to the second pilot port 10b of the merging valve 5.
- a pilot line 22 (pilot path) is connected to the pilot pump 62 in such a manner that the pilot line 22 is diverged from the pilot line 21.
- a side bypass line 24 is connected to the pilot line 21 at a position on the downstream side of the position at which the pilot line 22 is diverged from the pilot line 21.
- the pilot line 21 and the pilot line 22 are equipped with a throttle 21a and a throttle 22a, respectively.
- the pilot line 22 runs through the sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4, a sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z, and a sub valve 7y which cooperates with the service direction switching valve 2y, in this order.
- the pilot line 22 is connected to a draining line 27 in communication with a tank T.
- the side bypass line runs through a sub valve 7x which cooperates with the right traveling direction switching valve 2x, a sub valve 6x which cooperates with the left traveling direction switching valve 1x, a sub valve 6y which cooperates with the boom direction switching valve 1y, and a sub valve 6z which cooperates with the bucket direction switching valve 1z, in this order.
- the side bypass line 24 is connected to the draining line 27 in communication with the tank T.
- the sub valve 8 of the boom accelerating valve 4, the sub valve 7x of the right traveling direction switching valve 2x, and the sub valve 6x of the left traveling direction switching valve 1x are configured to be opened at all times, regardless of the positions of the boom accelerating valve 4 and the respective direction switching valves 2x and 1x.
- the sub valves 7z, 7y, 6y and 6z of the respective direction switching valves 2z, 2y, 1y and 1z are configured to be opened.
- the sub valves 7z, 7y, 6y and 6z of the respective direction switching valves 2z, 2y, 1y and 1z are configured to be closed.
- a boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) which switches (returns) the boom accelerating valve 4 from the accelerating position 4a to the neutral position 4b, when the arm direction switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve) is operated.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism is composed of the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z, the pilot line 22 connected to the pilot pump 62, and an acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path) which connects an upstream side of the sub valve 7z in the pilot line 22 to the pilot port 9b of the boom accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4).
- a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced from the pilot line 25 to the boom direction switching valve 1y and the pilot port 9a of the boom accelerating valve 4.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 switches from the neutral position 4b to the accelerating position 4a.
- Pressure oil from the second pump 52 is supplied from an accelerating path 33 to the cylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55. Therefore, the pressure oil is supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 from the first pump 51 and the second pump 52 (boom acceleration).
- a place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the second pump 52 is supplied is a supply and discharge path 34 that is outside the valve member block 10 with respect to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- the place to which the accelerating oil from the second pump 52 may not be the supply and discharge path 34 (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later).
- the place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the second pump 52 is supplied may be a place in the unloading path 31 of the first pump 51, which is on the upstream side of the boom direction switching valve 1y, through which the pressure oil flows from the first pump 51 to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- the place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the second pump 52 is supplied may be a supply and discharge path 35 that is inside the valve member block 10 with respect to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- the accelerating path 33 can be formed only inside the valve member block 10.
- the number of outside pipes can be reduced (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later).
- the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z, is closed, so that the sub valve 7z shuts off the pilot line 22.
- the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in the pilot line 22 has the pilot pressure.
- the pilot pressure is introduced from the acceleration releasing signal line 23 to the pilot port 9b of the boom accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4).
- the boom accelerating valve 4 returns to the neutral position 4b from the accelerating position 4a.
- the pressure oil from the second pump 52 is not supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 any more, so that the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the first pump 51 (stop of boom acceleration).
- the merging valve 5 takes the arm merging position 5b, the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the second pump 52 and the third pump 53.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism is formed inside the valve member block 10
- the acceleration of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 (first actuator) can be stopped upon operation of the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 (second actuator), without adding any outside pipe.
- an acceleration releasing mechanism which is composed of the sub valve 7z, the pilot line 22 and the acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path), serves as a bucket acceleration releasing mechanism.
- the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism of the multiple direction switching valve of the present invention may not be the boom acceleration releasing mechanism shown in this embodiment, but may be the bucket acceleration releasing mechanism (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later).
- the acceleration of the first actuator can be stopped upon operation of the second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) in this embodiment uses, as one of its constituent elements, the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve).
- the sub valve which cooperates with the second direction switching valve generation of the acceleration releasing signal for returning the boom accelerating valve 4 (first actuator accelerating valve) to the neutral position 4b from the accelerating position 4a can be facilitated.
- the pilot line 22 which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), is diverged from the independent traveling signal pilot path (pilot line 21) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- pilot line 21 independent traveling signal pilot path connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- a multiple direction switching valve 102 according to a modification example of the first embodiment is explained with reference to Fig. 2 .
- a main difference between the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and the modification example shown in Fig. 2 is a diverging point (upstream end) of the pilot line 22.
- the structure (circuit structure) of the merging valve 5 slightly differs between the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and the modification example shown in Fig. 2 , explanation thereof is omitted.
- the functions of the neutral position 5a, the arm merging position 5b (arm and service merging position) and the independent traveling position 5c of the merging valve 5 shown in Fig. 2 are substantially the same as those of the merging valve 5 shown in Fig. 1 .
- pilot line 25 (merger switching signal pilot path) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- the pilot line 22 (pilot path) is connected to the pilot pump 62 in such a manner that the pilot line 22 is diverged from the pilot line 25.
- the pilot line 25 is equipped with a throttle 25a.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) is composed of the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z, the pilot line 22 connected to the pilot pump 62, and an acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path) which connects the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in the pilot line 22 to the pilot port 9b of the boom accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4).
- the pilot path diverges the pilot line 22, which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), from the merger switching signal pilot path (pilot line 25) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- pilot line 22 is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism)
- pilot line 25 is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- a multiple direction switching valve 103 in a second embodiment is explained with reference to Fig. 3 .
- a difference between the modification example of the first embodiment shown in Fig. 2 and the second embodiment shown in Fig. 3 is a location of the accelerating valve 4.
- the accelerating valve 4 is located on a third circuit C in a valve member block 10.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 is located on an unloading path 36, which extends from a third pump 53 to a tank T, at a position on a downstream side of a turn direction switching valve 3x.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 may be located on the unloading path 36 at a position on an upstream side of the turn direction switching valve 3x, or at a position on the upstream side of a dozer direction switching valve 3y.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 is a three-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes an accelerating position 4a and a second accelerating position 4b.
- the second accelerating position 4b is also a neutral position.
- the accelerating position 4a is a position at which pressure oil from the third pump 53 is supplied to a cylinder chamber 55a on a boom raising side of a boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- the second accelerating position 4b is a position at which the pressure oil from the third pump 53 is supplied to the second actuator (arm hydraulic cylinder 59, actuator 58 (service)) through a merging valve 5.
- a sub valve 8 is integrally provided on the boom accelerating valve 4.
- a pilot port 9a is disposed on one side of the boom accelerating valve 4, and a pilot port 9b (pilot chamber 9b) is disposed on the other side thereof (on the side of the sub valve 8).
- the boom accelerating valve 4 takes the second accelerating position 4b.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 switches to the accelerating position 4a.
- the boom accelerating valve 4 returns to the second accelerating position 4b from the accelerating position 4a.
- a boom-raising pilot line 25 is connected to the pilot port 9a of the accelerating valve 4.
- a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced to the boom-raising pilot line 25.
- a boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) which switches from the flow of the pressure oil from the third pump 53 to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 (first actuator), to flow of the pressure oil from the third pump 53 to the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 (second actuator), when the arm direction switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve) is operated.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism switches (returns) the accelerating valve 4 from the accelerating position 4a to the second accelerating position 4b.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism is composed of a sub valve 7z which cooperates with an arm direction switching valve 2z, a pilot line 22 connected to a pilot pump 62, and an acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path) which connects the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in the pilot line 22 to the pilot port 9b of the accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4).
- a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced from the pilot line 25 to a boom direction switching valve 1y and the pilot port 9a of the accelerating valve 4.
- the accelerating valve 4 switches from the second accelerating position 4b to the accelerating position 4a.
- Pressure oil from the third pump 53 is supplied from an accelerating path 33 to the cylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55. Therefore, the pressure oil is supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 from the first pump 51 and the third pump 53 (boom acceleration).
- the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z, is closed, so that the sub valve 7z shuts off the pilot line 22.
- the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in the pilot line 22 has the pilot pressure.
- the pilot pressure is introduced from the acceleration releasing signal line 23 to the pilot port 9b of the accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the accelerating valve 4).
- the boom accelerating valve 4 returns to the second accelerating position 4b from the accelerating position 4a.
- the pressure oil from the second pump 52 is not supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 any more, so that the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the first pump 51 (stop of boom acceleration).
- the merging valve 5 takes an arm merging position 5b, the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the second pump 52 and the third pump 53.
- the acceleration of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 can be stopped upon operation of the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 (second actuator), without adding any outside pipe.
- the acceleration of the first actuator can be stopped upon operation of the second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- the accelerating valve 4 is located on the third circuit C in the valve member block 10. Since the other structure is the same as those of the multiple direction switching valves 101 and 102 in the first embodiment and its modification example, the multiple direction switching valve 103 in this embodiment has the same effect as those of the multiple direction switching valves 101 and 102.
- the pilot line 22 (pilot path) is connected to the pilot pump 62 in such a manner that the pilot line 22 is diverged from the pilot line 25 (merger switching signal pilot path) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- the pilot line 22 which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) may be diverged from the pilot line 21 (independent traveling signal pilot path, see Fig. 1 ) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- a multiple direction switching valve 104 according to a modification example of the second embodiment is explained with reference to Fig. 4 .
- the second embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and the modification example shown in Fig. 4 are common with each other in that, when the second direction switching valve is operated, the flow of the pressure oil from the third pump 53 to the first actuator is switched to the flow of the pressure oil from the third pump 53 to the second actuator, by means of the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism disposed in the valve member block 10.
- the second embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and the modification example shown in Fig. 4 differ from each other in that the multiple direction switching valve 104 (modification example) shown in Fig. 4 is not provided with a valve dedicated to acceleration.
- a merging valve 5 has a function of the accelerating valve 4 shown in Fig. 3 .
- the merging valve 5 also serves as the accelerating valve 4, to provide a accelerating and merging valve.
- the merging valve 5 is an accelerating valve having the merging valve function.
- the merging valve 5 is a four-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes an accelerating position 5a, a neutral position 5b, an arm merging position 5c (arm and service merging position) and an independent traveling position 5d.
- Two pilot ports i.e., a first pilot port 10a and a second pilot port 10b are disposed on one side of the merging valve 5, and a first-actuator accelerating pilot port 10d is disposed on the other side thereof.
- the accelerating position 5a is a positon at which pressure oil from the third pump 53 is supplied to a cylinder chamber 55a on a boom raising side of a boom hydraulic cylinder 55.
- the arm merging position 5c is a position at which the pressure oil from the third pump 53 is supplied to a second actuator (arm hydraulic cylinder 59, actuator 58 (service)).
- the arm merging position 5c is the second accelerating position of the accelerating valve 4 in the second embodiment.
- the arm merging position 5c corresponds to the second accelerating position of the accelerating valve 4 in the second embodiment.
- the merging valve 5 takes the neutral position 5b.
- the merging valve 5 switches to the accelerating position 5a.
- the merging valve 5 switches from the accelerating position 5a to the arm merging position 5c.
- the merging valve 5 switches from the neutral position 5b to the arm merging positon 5c.
- the merging valve 5 switches to the independent traveling position 5d.
- a boom-raising pilot line 25 is connected to the pilot port 10d of the merging valve 5.
- a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced to the boom-raising pilot line 25.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism switches the merging valve 5 from the accelerating position 5a to the arm merging position 5c.
- the boom acceleration releasing mechanism is composed of a sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm direction switching valve 2z, and a pilot line 22 connected to a pilot pump 62.
- the pilot line 22 is connected to the pilot pump 62 in such a manner that the pilot line 22 is diverged from a pilot line 25 (merger switching signal pilot path) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- the pilot line 22 which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), may be diverged from the pilot line 21 (independent traveling signal pilot path, see Fig. 1 ) connecting to the pilot pump 62.
- a boom actuation signal for raising the boom is introduced from the pilot line 25 to a boom direction switching valve 1y and the pilot port 10d of the merging valve 5.
- the merging valve 5 switches from the neutral position 5b to the accelerating position 5a.
- Pressure oil from the third pump 53 is supplied from an accelerating path 37 to the cylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55. Therefore, the pressure oil is supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 from the first pump 51 and the third pump 53 (boom acceleration).
- the pressure oil from the third pump 53 is not supplied to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 any more, so that the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the first pump 51 (stop of boom acceleration).
- the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 is operated by means of the presser oil from the second pump 52 and the third pump 53.
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
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Description
- The present invention relates to a multiple direction switching valve for moving a plurality of hydraulic actuators mounted on a construction equipment such as a hydraulic shovel.
- A device according to the prior art is disclosed in
EP0927794A1 .Patent Document 1 discloses an invention related to a multiple direction switching valve of this type. In the multiple direction switching valve (hydraulic circuit) described inPatent Document 1, when a boomdirection switching valve 5a is operated in a boom raising direction, a boom-accelerationdirection switching valve 14a is simultaneously switched, to allow pressure oil to be supplied from a firsthydraulic pump 1 and a second hydraulic pump 2 to a boom cylinder 5 (boom acceleration). - At this time, when an arm direction switching valve 8a is further operated so that an
arm cylinder 8 is moved, the pressure oil is continuously supplied from the second hydraulic pump 2 to the boom cylinder 5 (boom acceleration is maintained). - Patent Document 1:
JP2004-324208A - In order that the boom acceleration is stopped when the arm direction switching valve 8a is operated, there is considered a method in which a signal indicating that the arm direction switching valve 8a has been operated is inputted to the boom-acceleration
direction switching valve 14a from outside (outside the multiple direction switching valve), and the boom-accelerationdirection switching valve 14a is returned to its neutral position based on the signal. However, this method is disadvantageous in that it additionally needs an outside pipe. - The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. The object of the present invention is to provide a multiple direction switching valve capable of stopping acceleration of a first actuator upon operation of a second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- The present invention is a multiple direction switching valve of a construction equipment, comprising a first circuit and a second circuit that are formed in a valve member block,
wherein: - the first circuit is supplied with pressure oil from a first pump, with a first direction switching valve being located on the first circuit;
- the second circuit is supplied with pressure oil from a second pump, with a second direction switching valve being located on the second circuit;
- the first direction switching valve is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the first pump to the first actuator; and
- the second direction switching valve is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the second pump to the second actuator.
- A first actuator accelerating valve is located in the valve member block, the first actuator accelerating valve having an accelerating position at which the pressure oil from the second pump is supplied to the first actuator, and a neutral position at which the pressure oil from the second pump is not supplied to the first actuator; and
- a first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism is disposed in the valve member block, the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism being configured to switch the first actuator accelerating valve from the accelerating position to the neutral position, when the second direction switching valve is operated.
- In addition, the present invention is a multiple direction switching valve of a construction equipment, comprising a first circuit, a second circuit and a third circuit that are formed in a valve member block,
wherein: - the first circuit is supplied with pressure oil from a first pump, with a first direction switching valve being located on the first circuit;
- the second circuit is supplied with pressure oil from a second pump, with a second direction switching valve being located on the second circuit;
- the third circuit is supplied with pressure oil from a third pump, with a third direction switching valve being located on the third circuit;
- the first direction switching valve is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the first pump to the first actuator;
- the second direction switching valve is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the second pump to the second actuator; and
- the third direction switching valve is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the third pump to the third actuator.
- A first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism is disposed in the valve member block, the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism being configured to switch from flow of the pressure oil from the third pump to the first actuator to flow of the pressure oil from the third pump to the second actuator, when the second direction switching valve is operated.
- The aforementioned two inventions have the unity of invention in that the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism, which is activated when the second direction switching valve is operated, is provided in the valve member block.
- According to the multiple direction switching valve of the present invention, the acceleration of the first actuator can be stopped upon operation of the second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
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Fig. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a multiple direction switching valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention. -
Fig. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a modification example of the multiple direction switching valve shown inFig. 1 . -
Fig. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a multiple direction switching valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention. -
Fig. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a modification example of the multiple direction switching valve shown inFig. 3 . - Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be explained herebelow with reference to the drawings. Although the embodiments of a multiple direction switching valve for a hydraulic shovel is shown below, the multiple direction switching valve of the present invention can be applied to a construction equipment other than a hydraulic shovel.
- As shown in
Fig. 1 , a hydraulic shovel to which a multipledirection switching valve 101 is applied includes three pumps (hydraulic pumps) 51, 52 and 53. These threehydraulic pumps hydraulic motors hydraulic cylinder 55, a buckethydraulic cylinder 56, an armhydraulic cylinder 59, a turnhydraulic motor 60, a dozerhydraulic cylinder 61 and so on, which are mounted on necessary positions. In addition, an optional actuator 58 (service) may be mounted on the hydraulic shovel. - The left traveling
hydraulic motor 54, the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 and the buckethydraulic cylinder 56 are first actuators, operations of which are respectively controlled by a left travelingdirection switching valve 1x, a boomdirection switching valve 1y and a bucketdirection switching valve 1z which are located on a first circuit A. These direction switching valves are spool valves of a hydraulic pilot type, and are sometimes referred to as control valves (this also applies to another direction switching valve described below). Pressure oil is supplied mainly from thefirst pump 51 to the respective direction switching valves (first circuit A) located on the first circuit A. - The left traveling
direction switching valve 1x, the boomdirection switching valve 1y and the bucketdirection switching valve 1z are first direction switching valves, respectively. - The right traveling
hydraulic motor 57, theactuator 58 and the armhydraulic cylinder 59 are second actuators, operations of which are respectively controlled by a right travelingdirection switching valve 2x, a service direction switching valve 2y and an armdirection switching valve 2z which are located on a second circuit B. Pressure oil is supplied mainly from thesecond pump 52 to the respective direction switching valves (second circuit B) located on the second circuit B. - The right traveling
direction switching valve 2x, the service direction switching valve 2y and the armdirection switching valve 2z are second direction switching valves, respectively. - In addition, the turn
hydraulic motor 60 and the dozerhydraulic cylinder 61 are third actuators, operations of which are controlled by a turndirection switching valve 3x and a dozerdirection switching valve 3y which are located on a third circuit C. Pressure oil is supplied from athird pump 53 to the turndirection switching valve 3x (third circuit C). Pressure oil is supplied mainly from thethird pump 53 to the respective direction switching valve (third circuit C) located on the third circuit C. - The turn
direction switching valve 3x and the dozerdirection switching valve 3y are third direction switching valves, respectively. - The respective direction switching valves (1x to 1z, 2x to 2z, 3x and 3y) and the respective circuits (A, B, C) are disposed in a
valve member block 10. - A boom accelerating valve 4 (first actuator accelerating valve) is located on the second circuit B in the
valve member block 10. When the pressure oil from thesecond pump 52 is supplied to acylinder chamber 55a on a boom raising side of the boomhydraulic cylinder 55, theboom accelerating valve 4 accelerates an operation for raising the boom. - The
boom accelerating valve 4 is located in anunloading path 32, which extends from thesecond pump 52 to a tank T, at a position on a downstream side of the armdirection switching valve 2z. Theboom accelerating valve 4 may be located in theunloading path 32 at a position on an upstream side of the armdirection switching valve 2z. - The structure of the
boom accelerating valve 4 is explained. Theboom accelerating valve 4 is a three-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes an acceleratingposition 4a and a neutral position 4b. The acceleratingposition 4a is a position at which the pressure oil from thesecond pump 52 is supplied to thecylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. The neutral position 4b is a position at which the pressure oil from thesecond pump 52 is not supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. Asub valve 8 is integrally provided on theboom accelerating valve 4. Apilot port 9a (pilot chamber 9a) is disposed on one side of theboom accelerating valve 4, and apilot port 9b (pilot chamber 9b) is disposed on the other side thereof (on the side of the sub valve 8). - In a condition where pilot pressure is not introduced to any of the
pilot ports boom accelerating valve 4 takes the neutral position 4b. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thepilot port 9a, theboom accelerating valve 4 switches to the acceleratingposition 4a. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thepilot port 9b while the pilot pressure is being introduced to thepilot port 9a, theboom accelerating valve 4 returns to the neutral position 4b from the acceleratingposition 4a. - A boom-raising
pilot line 25 is connected to thepilot port 9a of theboom accelerating valve 4. A boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced to the boom-raisingpilot line 25. - In the
valve member block 10, there is provided a mergingvalve 5 that supplies the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 to the first direction switching valve and/or the second direction switching valve. - The merging
valve 5 is a three-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes aneutral position 5a, anarm merging position 5b (arm and service merging position) and aindependent traveling position 5c. Two pilot ports, i.e., afirst pilot port 10a and asecond pilot port 10b are disposed on one side of the mergingvalve 5, and aspring 10c is disposed on the other side thereof. - In a condition where pilot pressure is not introduced to any of the first and
second pilot ports valve 5 takes theneutral position 5a by means of an elastic force of thespring 10c. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thefirst pilot port 10a, the mergingvalve 5 switches to thearm merging position 5b. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thesecond pilot port 10b, the mergingvalve 5 switches to theindependent traveling position 5c. - A boom-lowering
pilot line 26 is connected to thefirst pilot port 10a of the mergingvalve 5. A boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for lowering the boom is introduced to the boom-loweringpilot line 26. In addition, an independent-traveling-signal (pilot pressure) pilot line 21 (independent traveling signal pilot path) connecting to thepilot pump 62 is connected to thesecond pilot port 10b of the mergingvalve 5. - A pilot line 22 (pilot path) is connected to the
pilot pump 62 in such a manner that thepilot line 22 is diverged from thepilot line 21. Aside bypass line 24 is connected to thepilot line 21 at a position on the downstream side of the position at which thepilot line 22 is diverged from thepilot line 21. Thepilot line 21 and thepilot line 22 are equipped with athrottle 21a and athrottle 22a, respectively. - The
pilot line 22 runs through thesub valve 8 which cooperates with theboom accelerating valve 4, a sub valve 7z which cooperates with the armdirection switching valve 2z, and asub valve 7y which cooperates with the service direction switching valve 2y, in this order. On the downstream side thereof, thepilot line 22 is connected to adraining line 27 in communication with a tank T. - The side bypass line runs through a
sub valve 7x which cooperates with the right travelingdirection switching valve 2x, asub valve 6x which cooperates with the left travelingdirection switching valve 1x, asub valve 6y which cooperates with the boomdirection switching valve 1y, and asub valve 6z which cooperates with the bucketdirection switching valve 1z, in this order. On the downstream side thereof, theside bypass line 24 is connected to the drainingline 27 in communication with the tank T. - The
sub valve 8 of theboom accelerating valve 4, thesub valve 7x of the right travelingdirection switching valve 2x, and thesub valve 6x of the left travelingdirection switching valve 1x are configured to be opened at all times, regardless of the positions of theboom accelerating valve 4 and the respectivedirection switching valves direction switching valve 2z, the service direction switching valve 2y, the boomdirection switching valve 1y and the bucketdirection switching valve 1z take their neutral positions, thesub valves direction switching valves direction switching valve 2z, the service direction switching valve 2y, the boomdirection switching valve 1y and the bucketdirection switching valve 1z take their actuation positions, thesub valves direction switching valves - In the
valve member block 10, there is provided a boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) which switches (returns) theboom accelerating valve 4 from the acceleratingposition 4a to the neutral position 4b, when the armdirection switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve) is operated. - The boom acceleration releasing mechanism is composed of the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm
direction switching valve 2z, thepilot line 22 connected to thepilot pump 62, and an acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path) which connects an upstream side of the sub valve 7z in thepilot line 22 to thepilot port 9b of the boom accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4). - When a boom raising operation for independently raising the boom is carried out, a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced from the
pilot line 25 to the boomdirection switching valve 1y and thepilot port 9a of theboom accelerating valve 4. Thus, theboom accelerating valve 4 switches from the neutral position 4b to the acceleratingposition 4a. Pressure oil from thesecond pump 52 is supplied from an acceleratingpath 33 to thecylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. Therefore, the pressure oil is supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 from thefirst pump 51 and the second pump 52 (boom acceleration). - In this embodiment, a place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the
second pump 52 is supplied is a supply anddischarge path 34 that is outside thevalve member block 10 with respect to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. However, the place to which the accelerating oil from thesecond pump 52 may not be the supply and discharge path 34 (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later). - For example, the place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the
second pump 52 is supplied may be a place in the unloadingpath 31 of thefirst pump 51, which is on the upstream side of the boomdirection switching valve 1y, through which the pressure oil flows from thefirst pump 51 to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. - Further, the place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the
second pump 52 is supplied may be a supply anddischarge path 35 that is inside thevalve member block 10 with respect to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. - In a case where the place to which the accelerating pressure oil from the
second pump 52 is supplied is the unloadingpath 31 of thefirst pump 51, or the supply anddischarge path 35 that is inside thevalve member block 10 with respect to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55, the acceleratingpath 33 can be formed only inside thevalve member block 10. By forming the acceleratingpath 33 only inside thevalve member block 10, the number of outside pipes can be reduced (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later). - When the arm
direction switching valve 2z is operated during the independent boom raising operation, the sub valve 7z, which cooperates with the armdirection switching valve 2z, is closed, so that the sub valve 7z shuts off thepilot line 22. Thus, the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in thepilot line 22 has the pilot pressure. Thus, the pilot pressure is introduced from the acceleration releasingsignal line 23 to thepilot port 9b of the boom accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4). As a result, theboom accelerating valve 4 returns to the neutral position 4b from the acceleratingposition 4a. - Thus, the pressure oil from the
second pump 52 is not supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 any more, so that the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the first pump 51 (stop of boom acceleration). At this time, since the mergingvalve 5 takes thearm merging position 5b, the armhydraulic cylinder 59 is operated by means of the pressure oil from thesecond pump 52 and thethird pump 53. - According to the multiple
direction switching valve 101 in this embodiment, since the boom acceleration releasing mechanism is formed inside thevalve member block 10, the acceleration of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 (first actuator) can be stopped upon operation of the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 (second actuator), without adding any outside pipe. - In a case where a path is structured such that a bucket actuation signal (pilot pressure), instead of the boom actuation signal, is introduced to the
pilot port 9a of the acceleratingvalve 4, and that the pressure roil from the acceleratingvalve 4 is supplied to the buckethydraulic cylinder 56, instead of the boomhydraulic cylinder 55, an acceleration releasing mechanism, which is composed of the sub valve 7z, thepilot line 22 and the acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path), serves as a bucket acceleration releasing mechanism. Namely, the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism of the multiple direction switching valve of the present invention may not be the boom acceleration releasing mechanism shown in this embodiment, but may be the bucket acceleration releasing mechanism (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later). - In the above description about the action of the multiple direction switching valve, when the arm
direction switching valve 2z is operated (arm is operated) during the independent boom raising operation, the boom acceleration stops. However, when the service direction switching valve 2y is operated (service is operated) during the independent boom raising operation, theboom accelerating valve 4 returns to the neutral position 4b from the acceleratingposition 4a, whereby the boom acceleration stops (this also applies to a modification example and another embodiment described later). - That is to say, according to the multiple direction switching valve of the present invention, due to the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism disposed in the valve member block, the acceleration of the first actuator can be stopped upon operation of the second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- Herein, the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) in this embodiment uses, as one of its constituent elements, the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm
direction switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve). With the use of the sub valve which cooperates with the second direction switching valve, generation of the acceleration releasing signal for returning the boom accelerating valve 4 (first actuator accelerating valve) to the neutral position 4b from the acceleratingposition 4a can be facilitated. - In addition, in this embodiment, the
pilot line 22, which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), is diverged from the independent traveling signal pilot path (pilot line 21) connecting to thepilot pump 62. By diverging thepilot line 22 from the existingpilot line 21, increase in size of thevalve member block 10 can be prevented. - A multiple
direction switching valve 102 according to a modification example of the first embodiment is explained with reference toFig. 2 . A main difference between the first embodiment shown inFig. 1 and the modification example shown inFig. 2 is a diverging point (upstream end) of thepilot line 22. Although the structure (circuit structure) of the mergingvalve 5 slightly differs between the first embodiment shown inFig. 1 and the modification example shown inFig. 2 , explanation thereof is omitted. The functions of theneutral position 5a, thearm merging position 5b (arm and service merging position) and theindependent traveling position 5c of the mergingvalve 5 shown inFig. 2 are substantially the same as those of the mergingvalve 5 shown inFig. 1 . - Connected to the
first pilot port 10a of the mergingvalve 5 in this modification example is a merger switching signal (pilot pressure) pilot line 25 (merger switching signal pilot path) connecting to thepilot pump 62. - In this modification example, the pilot line 22 (pilot path) is connected to the
pilot pump 62 in such a manner that thepilot line 22 is diverged from thepilot line 25. Thepilot line 25 is equipped with athrottle 25a. - Similarly to the first embodiment, the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) is composed of the sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm
direction switching valve 2z, thepilot line 22 connected to thepilot pump 62, and an acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path) which connects the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in thepilot line 22 to thepilot port 9b of the boom accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4). - Since motions of the respective members of the multiple
direction switching valve 102 in the boom acceleration during the independent boom raising operation and the stop of boom acceleration during the independent boom raising operation + the arm operation are the same as the motions of the respective members of the multipledirection switching valve 101 in the first embodiment, explanation thereof is omitted. - In this modification example, the pilot path diverges the
pilot line 22, which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), from the merger switching signal pilot path (pilot line 25) connecting to thepilot pump 62. By diverging thepilot line 22 from the existingpilot line 25, increase in size of thevalve member block 10 can be prevented. - A multiple
direction switching valve 103 in a second embodiment is explained with reference toFig. 3 . A difference between the modification example of the first embodiment shown inFig. 2 and the second embodiment shown inFig. 3 is a location of the acceleratingvalve 4. In this embodiment, the acceleratingvalve 4 is located on a third circuit C in avalve member block 10. - The
boom accelerating valve 4 is located on anunloading path 36, which extends from athird pump 53 to a tank T, at a position on a downstream side of a turndirection switching valve 3x. Theboom accelerating valve 4 may be located on the unloadingpath 36 at a position on an upstream side of the turndirection switching valve 3x, or at a position on the upstream side of a dozerdirection switching valve 3y. - The
boom accelerating valve 4 is a three-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes an acceleratingposition 4a and a second accelerating position 4b. The second accelerating position 4b is also a neutral position. The acceleratingposition 4a is a position at which pressure oil from thethird pump 53 is supplied to acylinder chamber 55a on a boom raising side of a boomhydraulic cylinder 55. The second accelerating position 4b is a position at which the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 is supplied to the second actuator (armhydraulic cylinder 59, actuator 58 (service)) through a mergingvalve 5. Asub valve 8 is integrally provided on theboom accelerating valve 4. Apilot port 9a is disposed on one side of theboom accelerating valve 4, and apilot port 9b (pilot chamber 9b) is disposed on the other side thereof (on the side of the sub valve 8). - In a condition where pilot pressure is not introduced to any of the
pilot ports boom accelerating valve 4 takes the second accelerating position 4b. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thepilot port 9a, theboom accelerating valve 4 switches to the acceleratingposition 4a. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thepilot port 9b while the pilot pressure is being introduced to thepilot port 9a, theboom accelerating valve 4 returns to the second accelerating position 4b from the acceleratingposition 4a. - A boom-raising
pilot line 25 is connected to thepilot port 9a of the acceleratingvalve 4. A boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced to the boom-raisingpilot line 25. - In the
valve member block 10, there is provided a boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) which switches from the flow of the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 to the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 (first actuator), to flow of the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 to the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 (second actuator), when the armdirection switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve) is operated. - In this embodiment, when the arm
direction switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve) is operated, the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) switches (returns) the acceleratingvalve 4 from the acceleratingposition 4a to the second accelerating position 4b. - The boom acceleration releasing mechanism is composed of a sub valve 7z which cooperates with an arm
direction switching valve 2z, apilot line 22 connected to apilot pump 62, and an acceleration releasing signal line 23 (acceleration releasing signal path) which connects the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in thepilot line 22 to thepilot port 9b of the accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the boom accelerating valve 4). - When a boom raising operation for independently raising the boom is carried out, a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced from the
pilot line 25 to a boomdirection switching valve 1y and thepilot port 9a of the acceleratingvalve 4. Thus, the acceleratingvalve 4 switches from the second accelerating position 4b to the acceleratingposition 4a. Pressure oil from thethird pump 53 is supplied from an acceleratingpath 33 to thecylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. Therefore, the pressure oil is supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 from thefirst pump 51 and the third pump 53 (boom acceleration). - When the arm
direction switching valve 2z is operated during the independent boom raising operation, the sub valve 7z, which cooperates with the armdirection switching valve 2z, is closed, so that the sub valve 7z shuts off thepilot line 22. Thus, the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in thepilot line 22 has the pilot pressure. Thus, the pilot pressure is introduced from the acceleration releasingsignal line 23 to thepilot port 9b of the accelerating valve 4 (sub valve 8 which cooperates with the accelerating valve 4). As a result, theboom accelerating valve 4 returns to the second accelerating position 4b from the acceleratingposition 4a. - Thus, the pressure oil from the
second pump 52 is not supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 any more, so that the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the first pump 51 (stop of boom acceleration). At this time, since the mergingvalve 5 takes anarm merging position 5b, the armhydraulic cylinder 59 is operated by means of the pressure oil from thesecond pump 52 and thethird pump 53. - According to the multiple
direction switching valve 103 in this embodiment, since the boom acceleration releasing mechanism is formed inside thevalve member block 10, the acceleration of the boom hydraulic cylinder 55 (first actuator) can be stopped upon operation of the arm hydraulic cylinder 59 (second actuator), without adding any outside pipe. - That is to say, according to the multiple direction switching valve of the present invention, due to the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism disposed in the valve member block, the acceleration of the first actuator can be stopped upon operation of the second actuator, without adding any outside pipe.
- As described above, in this embodiment, the accelerating
valve 4 is located on the third circuit C in thevalve member block 10. Since the other structure is the same as those of the multipledirection switching valves direction switching valve 103 in this embodiment has the same effect as those of the multipledirection switching valves - In this embodiment, similarly to the modification example of the first embodiment, the pilot line 22 (pilot path) is connected to the
pilot pump 62 in such a manner that thepilot line 22 is diverged from the pilot line 25 (merger switching signal pilot path) connecting to thepilot pump 62. However, as in the first embodiment, thepilot line 22, which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), may be diverged from the pilot line 21 (independent traveling signal pilot path, seeFig. 1 ) connecting to thepilot pump 62. - A multiple
direction switching valve 104 according to a modification example of the second embodiment is explained with reference toFig. 4 . The second embodiment shown inFig. 3 and the modification example shown inFig. 4 are common with each other in that, when the second direction switching valve is operated, the flow of the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 to the first actuator is switched to the flow of the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 to the second actuator, by means of the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism disposed in thevalve member block 10. The second embodiment shown inFig. 3 and the modification example shown inFig. 4 differ from each other in that the multiple direction switching valve 104 (modification example) shown inFig. 4 is not provided with a valve dedicated to acceleration. In the multipledirection switching valve 104 shown inFig. 4 , a mergingvalve 5 has a function of the acceleratingvalve 4 shown inFig. 3 . Namely, the mergingvalve 5 also serves as the acceleratingvalve 4, to provide a accelerating and merging valve. In other words, the mergingvalve 5 is an accelerating valve having the merging valve function. - As shown in
Fig. 4 , the mergingvalve 5 is a four-position spool valve of a hydraulic pilot type, which includes an acceleratingposition 5a, aneutral position 5b, anarm merging position 5c (arm and service merging position) and an independent traveling position 5d. Two pilot ports, i.e., afirst pilot port 10a and asecond pilot port 10b are disposed on one side of the mergingvalve 5, and a first-actuator acceleratingpilot port 10d is disposed on the other side thereof. - The accelerating
position 5a is a positon at which pressure oil from thethird pump 53 is supplied to acylinder chamber 55a on a boom raising side of a boomhydraulic cylinder 55. Thearm merging position 5c is a position at which the pressure oil from thethird pump 53 is supplied to a second actuator (armhydraulic cylinder 59, actuator 58 (service)). In other words, thearm merging position 5c is the second accelerating position of the acceleratingvalve 4 in the second embodiment. Namely, thearm merging position 5c corresponds to the second accelerating position of the acceleratingvalve 4 in the second embodiment. - In a condition where pilot pressure is not introduced to any of the
pilot ports valve 5 takes theneutral position 5b. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thepilot port 10d, the mergingvalve 5 switches to the acceleratingposition 5a. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thefirst pilot port 10a while the pilot port is being introduced to thepilot port 10d, the mergingvalve 5 switches from the acceleratingposition 5a to thearm merging position 5c. - When the pilot pressure is introduced to the
first pilot port 10a while no pilot pressure is introduced to thepilot port 10d, the mergingvalve 5 switches from theneutral position 5b to thearm merging positon 5c. When the pilot pressure is introduced to thesecond pilot port 10b, the mergingvalve 5 switches to the independent traveling position 5d. - A boom-raising
pilot line 25 is connected to thepilot port 10d of the mergingvalve 5. A boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced to the boom-raisingpilot line 25. - In this modification example, when the arm
direction switching valve 2z (second direction switching valve) is operated during the boom raising operation, the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism) switches the mergingvalve 5 from the acceleratingposition 5a to thearm merging position 5c. - The boom acceleration releasing mechanism is composed of a sub valve 7z which cooperates with the arm
direction switching valve 2z, and apilot line 22 connected to apilot pump 62. Thepilot line 22 is connected to thepilot pump 62 in such a manner that thepilot line 22 is diverged from a pilot line 25 (merger switching signal pilot path) connecting to thepilot pump 62. - As in the first embodiment, the
pilot line 22, which is one of the constituent elements of the boom acceleration releasing mechanism (first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism), may be diverged from the pilot line 21 (independent traveling signal pilot path, seeFig. 1 ) connecting to thepilot pump 62. - When a boom raising operation for independently raising the boom is carried out, a boom actuation signal (pilot pressure) for raising the boom is introduced from the
pilot line 25 to a boomdirection switching valve 1y and thepilot port 10d of the mergingvalve 5. Thus, the mergingvalve 5 switches from theneutral position 5b to the acceleratingposition 5a. Pressure oil from thethird pump 53 is supplied from an acceleratingpath 37 to thecylinder chamber 55a on the boom raising side of the boomhydraulic cylinder 55. Therefore, the pressure oil is supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 from thefirst pump 51 and the third pump 53 (boom acceleration). - When the arm
direction switching valve 2z is operated during the independent boom raising operation, a sub valve 7z, which cooperates with the armdirection switching valve 2z, is closed, so that the sub valve 7z shuts off thepilot line 22. Thus, the upstream side of the sub valve 7z in thepilot line 22 has the pilot pressure. Thus, the pilot pressure is introduced to thefirst pilot port 10a of the mergingvalve 5. As a result, the mergingvalve 5 switches from the acceleratingposition 5a to thearm merging position 5c. - Thus, the pressure oil from the
third pump 53 is not supplied to the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 any more, so that the boomhydraulic cylinder 55 is operated by means of the pressure oil from the first pump 51 (stop of boom acceleration). At this time, the armhydraulic cylinder 59 is operated by means of the presser oil from thesecond pump 52 and thethird pump 53. - According to the multiple
direction switching valve 104 in this modification example, since there is provided the valve having both the accelerating valve function and the merging valve function, increase in size of thevalve member block 10 can be further prevented. -
- 1x: Left traveling direction switching valve (first direction switching valve)
- 1y: Boom direction switching valve (first direction switching valve)
- 1z: Bucket direction switching valve (first direction switching valve)
- 2x: Right traveling direction switching valve (second direction switching valve)
- 2y: Service direction switching valve (second direction switching valve)
- 2z: Arm direction switching valve (second direction switching valve)
- 3x: Turn direction switching valve (third direction switching valve)
- 3y: Dozer direction switching valve (third direction switching valve)
- 4: Boom accelerating valve (first actuator accelerating valve)
- 4a: Accelerating position
- 4b: Neutral position
- 5: Merging valve
- 10: Valve member block
- 51: First pump
- 52: Second pump
- 53: Third pump
- 54: Left traveling hydraulic motor (first actuator)
- 55: Boom hydraulic cylinder (first actuator)
- 56: Bucket hydraulic cylinder (first actuator)
- 57: Right traveling hydraulic motor (second actuator)
- 58: Actuator (second actuator)
- 59: Arm hydraulic cylinder (second actuator)
- 60: Turn hydraulic motor (third actuator)
- 61: Dozer hydraulic cylinder (third actuator)
- 101: Multiple direction switching valve
- A: First circuit
- B: Second circuit
- C: Third circuit
Claims (6)
- A multiple direction switching valve (101) of a construction equipment, comprising a first circuit (A) and a second circuit (B) that are formed in a valve member block (10), wherein:the first circuit (A) is supplied with pressure oil from a first pump (51), with a first direction switching valve (1y) being located on the first circuit (A);the second circuit (B) is supplied with pressure oil from a second pump (52), with a second direction switching valve (2z) being located on the second circuit (B);the first direction switching valve (1y) is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the first pump (51) to the first actuator (55);the second direction switching valve (2z) is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the second pump (52) to the second actuator (59);a first actuator accelerating valve (4) is located in the valve member block (10), the first actuator accelerating valve (4) having an accelerating position (4a) at which the pressure oil from the second pump (52) is supplied to the first actuator (55), and a neutral position (4b) at which the pressure oil from the second pump (52) is not supplied to the first actuator (55); characterized in that the switching valve comprises a first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism is disposed in the valve member block (10), the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism being configured to switch the first actuator accelerating valve (4) from the accelerating position (4a) to the neutral position (4b), when the second direction switching valve (2z) is operated, wherein:the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism includes a sub valve (7z) that cooperates with the second direction switching valve (2z), a pilot path (22) connected to a pilot pump (62), and an acceleration releasing signal path (23) that connects an upstream side of the sub valve (7z) in the pilot path (22) to a pilot port (9b) of the first actuator accelerating valve (4); andwhen the second direction switching valve (2z) is operated, the sub valve (7z) shuts off the pilot path so that the upstream side of the sub valve (7z) has a pilot pressure, whereby the first actuator accelerating valve (4) switches from the accelerating position (4a) to the neutral position (4b).
- The multiple direction switching valve (101) of a construction equipment according to claim 1, wherein
the pilot path (22) is diverged from an independent traveling signal pilot path (21) connecting to the pilot pump (62). - The multiple direction switching valve of a construction equipment according to claim 1, wherein
the pilot path (22) is diverged from a merger switching signal pilot path (25) connecting to the pilot pump (62). - A multiple direction switching valve (103) of a construction equipment, comprising a first circuit (A), a second circuit (B) and a third circuit (C) that are formed in a valve member block (10), wherein:the first circuit (A) is supplied with pressure oil from a first pump (51), with a first direction switching valve (1y) being located on the first circuit (A);the second circuit (B) is supplied with pressure oil from a second pump (52), with a second direction switching valve (2z) being located on the second circuit (B);the third circuit (C) is supplied with pressure oil from a third pump (53), with a third direction switching valve (3x, 3y) being located on the third circuit (C);the first direction switching valve (1y) is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the first pump (51) to the first actuator (55);the second direction switching valve (2z) is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the second pump (52) to the second actuator (59);the third direction switching valve (3x, 3y) is a valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil from the third pump (53) to the third actuator (60, 61); anda first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism is disposed in the valve member block (10), the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism being configured to switch from flow of the pressure oil from the third pump (53) to the first actuator (55) to flow of the pressure oil from the third pump (53) to the second actuator (59), when the second direction switching valve (2z) is operated, wherein:an accelerating valve (4) is located in the valve member block (10), the accelerating valve (4) having an accelerating position (4a) at which the pressure oil from the third pump (53) is supplied to the first actuator (55), and a second accelerating position (4b) at which the pressure oil from the third pump (53) is supplied to the second actuator (59); characterized in that when the second direction switching valve (2z) is operated, the accelerating valve (4) is switched from the accelerating position (4a) to the second accelerating position (4b), by the first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism, andthe first actuator acceleration releasing mechanism includes a sub valve (7z) that cooperates with the second direction switching valve (2z), a pilot path (22) connected to a pilot pump (62), and an acceleration releasing signal path (23) that connects an upstream side of the sub valve (7z) in the pilot path (22) to a pilot port (9b) of the accelerating valve (4); and when the second direction switching valve(2z) is operated, the sub valve (7z) shuts off the pilot path (22) so that the upstream side of the sub valve (7z) has a pilot pressure, whereby the accelerating valve (4) switches from the accelerating position (4a) to the second accelerating position (4b).
- The multiple direction switching valve (103) of a construction equipment according to claim 4, wherein
the pilot path (22) is diverged from an independent traveling signal pilot path (21) connecting to the pilot pump (62). - The multiple direction switching valve (103) of a construction equipment according to claim 4, wherein
the pilot path (22) is diverged from a merger switching signal pilot path (25) connecting to the pilot pump (62).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013170695A JP6196499B2 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2013-08-20 | Multiple directional valve for construction machinery |
PCT/JP2014/070728 WO2015025713A1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2014-08-06 | Multidirectional switching valve for construction machine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3037676A1 EP3037676A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
EP3037676A4 EP3037676A4 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
EP3037676B1 true EP3037676B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
Family
ID=52483493
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP14837856.5A Active EP3037676B1 (en) | 2013-08-20 | 2014-08-06 | Multidirectional switching valve for construction machine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3037676B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6196499B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101783566B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105492779B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015025713A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP6801440B2 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2020-12-16 | コベルコ建機株式会社 | Hydraulic system for construction machinery |
JP6873726B2 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2021-05-19 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Hydraulic system |
JP6869829B2 (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2021-05-12 | 株式会社クボタ | Work machine hydraulic system |
JP7001554B2 (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2022-01-19 | ヤンマーパワーテクノロジー株式会社 | Hydraulic excavator with crane function |
CN108757651A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-11-06 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Electri forklift and its hydraulic control system |
JP6964106B2 (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2021-11-10 | ヤンマーパワーテクノロジー株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit of construction machinery |
JP7373406B2 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2023-11-02 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Hydraulic circuits and construction machinery |
JP2024008539A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-19 | 株式会社小松製作所 | hydraulic valve device |
Family Cites Families (18)
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JP2551543B2 (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1996-11-06 | 油谷重工株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit of hydraulic excavator |
JP2767482B2 (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1998-06-18 | 株式会社ゼクセル | Stack type hydraulic control valve device |
JP3681833B2 (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 2005-08-10 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit of excavating and turning work machine |
JP3425844B2 (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 2003-07-14 | コベルコ建機株式会社 | Hydraulic excavator |
JP3943779B2 (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2007-07-11 | 日立建機株式会社 | Hydraulic drive system for civil engineering and construction machinery |
JP2001295803A (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-26 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Hydraulic driving device for work machine |
JP2001355602A (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2001-12-26 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Hydraulic driving device for working machinery |
JP3816893B2 (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2006-08-30 | 日立建機株式会社 | Hydraulic drive |
JP2004324208A (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2004-11-18 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Hydraulic circuit for excavating revolving work machine |
JP4223421B2 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2009-02-12 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit for construction machinery |
US7178333B2 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2007-02-20 | Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Hydraulic control system for hydraulic excavator |
JP2005299376A (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-10-27 | Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd | Hydraulic control circuit for hydraulic shovel |
JP4139352B2 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2008-08-27 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | Hydraulic control device |
JP4425805B2 (en) * | 2005-01-19 | 2010-03-03 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit |
JP2006328765A (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2006-12-07 | Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd | Hydraulic feeder for hydraulic shovel |
KR100906228B1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2009-07-07 | 볼보 컨스트럭션 이키프먼트 홀딩 스웨덴 에이비 | Hydraulic circuit of construction equipment |
JP5455563B2 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2014-03-26 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit device |
JP5859857B2 (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2016-02-16 | コベルコ建機株式会社 | Hydraulic circuit for construction machinery |
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2013
- 2013-08-20 JP JP2013170695A patent/JP6196499B2/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-08-06 WO PCT/JP2014/070728 patent/WO2015025713A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-08-06 KR KR1020167006953A patent/KR101783566B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-08-06 CN CN201480046270.4A patent/CN105492779B/en active Active
- 2014-08-06 EP EP14837856.5A patent/EP3037676B1/en active Active
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KR101783566B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 |
JP2015040575A (en) | 2015-03-02 |
CN105492779B (en) | 2017-06-09 |
WO2015025713A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
CN105492779A (en) | 2016-04-13 |
KR20160043106A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
JP6196499B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
EP3037676A4 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
EP3037676A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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