EP3035301B1 - Method for checking authenticity of a document with a photochromic secuirity feature - Google Patents

Method for checking authenticity of a document with a photochromic secuirity feature Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3035301B1
EP3035301B1 EP15003525.1A EP15003525A EP3035301B1 EP 3035301 B1 EP3035301 B1 EP 3035301B1 EP 15003525 A EP15003525 A EP 15003525A EP 3035301 B1 EP3035301 B1 EP 3035301B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
security feature
monitor
bacteriorhodopsin
document
pattern
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EP15003525.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3035301A1 (en
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Michael Fiedler
Ralf Liebler
Thomas Tarantino
Florian Gawlas
Giselher Dorff
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Giesecke and Devrient Mobile Security GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Mobile Security GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102015004874.0A external-priority patent/DE102015004874A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • the invention describes a method for checking the authenticity of a user's document, the document having a security feature.
  • a personal presence of the institution which is represented by an employee, and the customer can be assumed if the institution involved in an identification procedure and the customer involved are not physically perceptible, but are visually perceptible in the context of a video transmission and at the same time a verbal contact is made between the institute and the customer is possible and in this context a verification of the identity of the customer can be carried out using an identification document.
  • a customer can open a new account with a bank by identifying himself online with a service provider using his ID card.
  • the service provider can be an external service provider or, for example, an internal department of a bank or insurance company.
  • security features such as a hologram on the customer's ID card being checked in addition to checking the customer's face.
  • the security feature can also be checked automatically, as is the case, for example, for holograms in the DE 298 19 954 U1 is described.
  • Corresponding service providers already exist and some banks have already declared that they want to use this method. A similar test is according to the preamble of claim 1 in WO 2012/083469 A1 disclosed.
  • An electronic visual channel is, for example, when an image of a security feature is taken by a camera and the image is transmitted via, e.g. the Internet, to a recipient, e.g. a bank, which verifies the authenticity of the security feature, and is displayed on a screen of a service provider.
  • a presentation by Graz University of Technology can be found on the internet, in which a check of holograms on a banknote using a smartphone is described.
  • checking holographic features via a visual channel has the disadvantage that counterfeits can easily be procured over the Internet and smuggled into the check.
  • Reliable verification of the authenticity of a security feature, such as a hologram, on a document such as an ID card, driver's license, insurance card, credit card, bank card, etc., using the procedure described in the above-mentioned circular for the service provider remains problematic, especially if no technical aids are used available for verification of authenticity.
  • Optical security features on e.g. ID documents or smart cards were primarily developed for verification or testing by people on site.
  • the examiner can take the ID document in their own hands and move it according to the light conditions to detect a forgery.
  • the tactile component also plays an important role. For example, glued-in photos or a changed or counterfeit lamination can be easily recognized.
  • the transmission quality is significantly poorer and manipulations are more easily possible. For example, there is the possibility of manipulation that digital images are digitally altered before transmission on an attacker's computer or that an ID card itself is forged.
  • the reading device eg a PC or a laptop with a webcam, is under the control of a user and consequently a possible attacker.
  • the invention discloses a method for checking the authenticity of a document from a user, the document having a security feature which is characterized in that the security feature changes its color when stimulated by light of a specific wavelength and changes its original color after the stimulation accepts again, at least one image of the security feature being recorded by means of a camera and the image being transmitted to a service provider for checking the authenticity of the security feature.
  • An advantage of the invention is that the security feature is excited by means of light originating from a user's monitor, the monitor emitting light of a specific wavelength onto the security feature so that the security feature changes its color.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that the service provider generates and transmits a signal to the monitor, the signal containing information about which wavelength is emitted by the user's monitor.
  • a further advantageous exemplary embodiment is that the service provider generates a pattern to be displayed on the user's monitor and transmits it to the monitor, so that the security feature displays the pattern after being stimulated until the security feature has assumed its original color again.
  • a further advantageous exemplary embodiment is that a photochromic dye or a pigment is used for the security feature.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that bacteriorhodopsin is used as the material for the security feature.
  • figure 1 shows different states of bacteriorhodopsin.
  • the U-Nica company has developed a photochromic paint containing bacteriorhodopsin. After absorption of a photon, bacteriorhodopsin undergoes a so-called photocycle in which its color changes reversibly, ie the color changes after excitation by absorption of a photon, with an original color of a ground state being assumed again after excitation.
  • the ground state of bacteriorhodopsin with an absorption maximum at 570 nm appears purple and changes after exposure to a state M with an absorption maximum at 410 nm, in state M bacteriorhodopsin appears yellow.
  • the system relaxes, ie returns to the ground state by itself or returns to the ground state more quickly by exposure to blue light at 410 nm, as shown in figure 1 is shown.
  • Natural variants or variants of bacteriorhodopsin produced by means of genetic engineering or biotechnology are known which also have other absorption maxima in the respective states, which therefore also have other colors in the states and therefore have other color change combinations.
  • the photochemical properties of bacteriorhodopsin can also be changed by the surrounding environment, in particular by a pH value and an ionic concentration.
  • Color and color change properties can also be advantageously altered by the combination of bacteriorhodopsin variants and environment.
  • the blue light can be achieved either by a blue light source, e.g. a laser with approx. 410 nm, or by a white light source with a filter, so that blue light is preferably radiated onto the bacteriorhodopsin element.
  • a blue light source e.g. a laser with approx. 410 nm
  • a white light source with a filter
  • this filter can also be placed in the form of a mask between the light source and the bacteriorhodopsin element.
  • FIG 2 shows how a document 4 with a security feature according to the invention, which contains a feature substance such as bacteriorhodopsin, is placed on a monitor 2 of a user.
  • the security feature is applied to the surface of the document 4 .
  • the user's monitor 2 is connected to a computer.
  • the user's computer is also connected to a service provider's computer by means of a transmission network, eg the Internet, with the service provider controlling the verification of the security feature.
  • bacteriorhodopsin has two monostable states. It can therefore be used for a challenge-response method between the user and the service provider in order to check the authenticity of a security feature on the document 4.
  • bacteriorhodopsin is incorporated as a security feature into the document to be authenticated or checked, e.g Chip card, identity card, credit card, social security card, bank card, driver's license, etc. introduced over a large area, as in the Figures 2 to 4 is shown.
  • FIG 2 the situation is shown when the document 4 is placed on the monitor 2 of the user.
  • the security feature is on the side of the document 4 that faces the monitor 2 .
  • the document 4 with a security feature is held directly on the user's monitor 2, for example, the monitor 2 being a display of a smartphone or a computer screen, for example.
  • figure 3 shows how a pattern 6, e.g. a symbol, letter, number, character, word, picture, figure, is displayed on the monitor 2, the pattern 6 being unknown to the user, the security feature corresponding to the shape of the pattern 6, eg in the form of a symbol, is stimulated to change colour.
  • a pattern 6 e.g. a symbol, letter, number, character, word, picture, figure
  • the service provider To check the authenticity of the security feature, the service provider generates any pattern 6, here e.g. 3p5, and transmits it to the user's monitor 2 and displays it on monitor 2.
  • the pattern 6 is a random, pseudo-random illumination pattern that excites a feature substance, e.g., bacteriorhodopsin, of the security feature located on the document 4 to cause a color change.
  • figure 4 shows how a camera 10 takes an image of the security feature, the security feature in the form of a pattern 8 having changed its color due to the excitation by the monitor 2, the pattern 8 corresponding to the shape of the pattern 6 which is displayed by the monitor 2 , wherein the image of the pattern 8 is transmitted to a service provider for authentication.
  • a webcam for example, such as is arranged on a monitor 2, can be used as the camera. It should be noted here that pattern 8 is shown as a mirror image of pattern 6.
  • the service provider checks the pattern 8 for a match with the pattern 6, which was sent to the user's monitor 2 to stimulate the security feature, in particular the feature substance, e.g. bacteriorhodopsin.
  • the method according to the invention can also be protected against internal attackers, such as a corrupt operator of the service provider, in that the pattern 6 is generated by a program so that the operator has no knowledge of and no influence on the method according to the invention for checking the authenticity of the security feature.
  • the pattern 8 that is returned is evaluated by an automatic image processing system of the service provider and automatically compared to match the pattern 6 that was transmitted to the user's monitor 2 for the purpose of stimulation.
  • photochromic dyes or pigments can also be used, such as retinal proteins, proteorhodopsin or generally photochromic substances or mixtures thereof.
  • bacteriorhodopsin can be used for a photochromic security feature.
  • the effect is basically stable and reversible. It is also known that pattern recognition by camera is not a problem.
  • the reset time of the pattern 8 is also recorded by the camera 10, since only the generation of a pattern 8, ie an excitation of the Security feature for a color change, a vulnerability can mean.
  • a light-sensitive sensor or a camera 10 could be provided, whereby the pattern 8 could be recorded in a very short time and then transferred to a suitable surface. Since there must be a certain amount of time for holding to the monitor 2 and a time tolerance for switching to the camera 10, fraud would be possible, at least in theory.
  • bacteriorhodopsin offers the possibility of setting the return time to the basic state in a largely defined manner. Ideally, one would even apply two bacteriorhodopsin types to the document 4 at different times. The camera 10 could then use the change in the pattern 8 over time to identify whether it is just a quickly created copy of the pattern 8 or whether this is actually imaged on the original bacteriorhodopsin surface.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Prüfung einer Authentizität eines Dokuments eines Benutzers, wobei das Dokument ein Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist.The invention describes a method for checking the authenticity of a user's document, the document having a security feature.

Die Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht hat in ihrem Rundschreiben 1/2014 (GW) unter Punkt III eine Auslegung des § 6 Absatz 2 Nr. 2 Geldwäschegesetz, abgekürzt GwG, bezüglich einer erhöhten Sorgfaltspflicht von Kreditinstituten oder Finanzdienstleitungsinstituten in Fällen einer Fernidentifizierung eines Kundens, z.B. über das Internet, veröffentlicht. Ein im genannten Rundschreiben beschriebenes Verfahren basiert auf einer Identifikation einer Person mit einem Ausweisdokument mittels einer sogenannten Webcam. Demgemäß ist von einer persönlichen Anwesenheit des Instituts, das durch einen Mitarbeiter vertreten wird, und des Kunden, auszugehen, wenn das an einem Identifizierungsverfahren beteiligte Institut und der beteiligte Kunde zwar nicht physisch, aber im Rahmen einer Videoübertragung visuell wahrnehmbar sind sowie gleichzeitig eine sprachliche Kontaktaufnahme zwischen dem Institut und dem Kunden möglich ist und in diesem Zusammenhang eine Überprüfung einer Identität des Kunden anhand eines Identifikationsdokuments vorgenommen werden kann.In its Circular 1/2014 (GW), the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht) has under point III an interpretation of Section 6 Paragraph 2 No. 2 of the Money Laundering Act, abbreviated to the GwG, with regard to increased due diligence on the part of credit institutions or financial service institutions in cases of remote identification of a customer, e.g. via the web, published. A method described in the said circular is based on identifying a person with an identity document using a so-called webcam. Accordingly, a personal presence of the institution, which is represented by an employee, and the customer can be assumed if the institution involved in an identification procedure and the customer involved are not physically perceptible, but are visually perceptible in the context of a video transmission and at the same time a verbal contact is made between the institute and the customer is possible and in this context a verification of the identity of the customer can be carried out using an identification document.

Gemäß dem oben genannten Rundschreiben kann beispielsweise ein Kunde bei einer Bank ein neues Konto eröffnen, indem sich der Kunde mittels seines Ausweises bei einem Dienstanbieter online identifiziert. Der Dienstanbieter kann ein externer Dienstleister oder z.B. eine interne Abteilung einer Bank oder Versicherung sein. Dazu wird z.B. von einem Mitarbeiter des Dienstanbieters ein Gespräch mit dem Kunden geführt, wobei neben einer Prüfung des Gesichts des Kundens auch Sicherheitsmerkmale, wie z.B. ein Hologramm, auf dem Ausweis des Kundens geprüft werden. Alternativ kann das Sicherheitsmerkmal auch automatisch geprüft werden, wie dies z.B. für Hologramme in der DE 298 19 954 U1 beschrieben wird. Entsprechende Dienstanbieter gibt es bereits und auch einige Banken haben bereits erklärt, dass sie dieses Verfahren nutzen wollen. Eine ähnliche Prüfung ist gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 in WO 2012/083469 A1 offenbart.According to the above-mentioned circular, for example, a customer can open a new account with a bank by identifying himself online with a service provider using his ID card. The service provider can be an external service provider or, for example, an internal department of a bank or insurance company. For this purpose, for example, an employee of the service provider conducts a conversation with the customer, with security features such as a hologram on the customer's ID card being checked in addition to checking the customer's face. Alternatively, the security feature can also be checked automatically, as is the case, for example, for holograms in the DE 298 19 954 U1 is described. Corresponding service providers already exist and some banks have already declared that they want to use this method. A similar test is according to the preamble of claim 1 in WO 2012/083469 A1 disclosed.

Eine Überprüfung von optischen Sicherheitsmerkmalen, z.B. von holografischen Merkmalen, eines Identifikationsdokuments, z.B. eines Personalausweises, über einen elektronischen visuellen Kanal ist aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Ein elektronischer visueller Kanal ist beispielsweise, wenn ein Bild eines Sicherheitsmerkmals mittels einer Kamera aufgenommen und das Bild über, z.B. das Internet, an einen Empfänger, z.B. eine Bank, welche die Echtheit des Sicherheitsmerkmals prüft, übertragen und an einem Bildschirm einer Dienstanbieter angezeigt wird. Ferner ist im Internet ein Vortrag der TU Graz zu finden, in dem eine Prüfung von Hologrammen auf einer Banknote mittels eines Smartphones beschrieben wird.Checking optical security features, e.g. holographic features, of an identification document, e.g. an identity card, via an electronic visual channel is known from the prior art. An electronic visual channel is, for example, when an image of a security feature is taken by a camera and the image is transmitted via, e.g. the Internet, to a recipient, e.g. a bank, which verifies the authenticity of the security feature, and is displayed on a screen of a service provider. Furthermore, a presentation by Graz University of Technology can be found on the internet, in which a check of holograms on a banknote using a smartphone is described.

Eine Überprüfung von holografischen Merkmalen über einen visuellen Kanal hat jedoch den Nachteil, dass Fälschungen einfach über das Internet beschafft und in die Prüfung eingeschleust werden können.However, checking holographic features via a visual channel has the disadvantage that counterfeits can easily be procured over the Internet and smuggled into the check.

Problematisch bleibt eine zuverlässige Prüfung auf Echtheit eines Sicherheitsmerkmals, wie z.B. eines Hologramms, auf einem Dokument, wie z.B. ein Personalausweis, Führerschein, Versicherungskarte, Kreditkarte, Bankkarte etc. gemäß dem im oben genannten Rundschreiben beschriebenen Verfahren für den Dienstanbieter, zumal wenn keine technischen Hilfsmittel zur Prüfung auf Echtheit zur Verfügung stehen.Reliable verification of the authenticity of a security feature, such as a hologram, on a document such as an ID card, driver's license, insurance card, credit card, bank card, etc., using the procedure described in the above-mentioned circular for the service provider remains problematic, especially if no technical aids are used available for verification of authenticity.

Optische Sicherheitsmerkmale auf z.B. Ausweisdokumenten oder Smartcards sind primär für eine Verifikation bzw. Prüfung durch Personen vor Ort entwickelt worden. Die prüfende Person kann das Ausweiskokument selbst in die Hand nehmen und entsprechend den Lichtbedingungen bewegen, um eine Fälschung zu erkennen. Auch die taktile Komponente spielt dabei eine wichtige Rolle. Beispielsweise können eingeklebte Fotos oder eine veränderte bzw. gefälschte Laminierung dabei leicht erkannt werden.Optical security features on e.g. ID documents or smart cards were primarily developed for verification or testing by people on site. The examiner can take the ID document in their own hands and move it according to the light conditions to detect a forgery. The tactile component also plays an important role. For example, glued-in photos or a changed or counterfeit lamination can be easily recognized.

Bei einer Überprüfung mittels einer Webcam ist die Übertragungsqualität wesentlich schlechter und Manipulationen sind leichter möglich. Es gibt z.B die Manipulationsmöglichkeit, dass digitale Bilder vor einer Übertragung auf einem Rechner eines Angreifers digital verändert werden oder dass ein Ausweis selbst gefälscht wird. Bei einer Verifikation bzw. Prüfung auf Echtheit mittels einer Webcam ist das Lesegerät, z.B. ein PC oder ein Laptop mit Webcam, unter der Kontrolle eines Benutzers und folglich eines möglichen Angreifers.When checking using a webcam, the transmission quality is significantly poorer and manipulations are more easily possible. For example, there is the possibility of manipulation that digital images are digitally altered before transmission on an attacker's computer or that an ID card itself is forged. When verifying or checking for authenticity using a webcam, the reading device, eg a PC or a laptop with a webcam, is under the control of a user and consequently a possible attacker.

Ausgehend von den Nachteilen des Stands der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Lösung für die Probleme des Stands der Technik zur Verfügung zu stellen, welche eine zuverlässige und benutzerfreundliche Echtheitsprüfung eines Sicherheitsmerkmals, das sich auf einem Dokument, wie z.B. einen Ausweis, Führerschein, Kreditkarte, Versicherungskarte, etc., befindet, gemäß des im oben genannten Rundschreiben erwähnten Verfahrens ermöglicht.Based on the disadvantages of the prior art, it is the object of the invention to provide a solution to the problems of the prior art which enables a reliable and user-friendly verification of the authenticity of a security feature on a document such as an ID card, driver's license, credit card , insurance card, etc., according to the procedure mentioned in the above mentioned circular.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch den unabhängigen Anspruch gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.The object of the invention is solved by the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe offenbart die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Prüfung einer Authentizität eines Dokuments eines Benutzers, wobei das Dokument ein Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist, welches dadurch auszeichnet, dass das Sicherheitsmerkmal bei einer Anregung mittels Licht einer bestimmten Wellenlänge seine Farbe ändert und nach der Anregung seine ursprüngliche Farbe wieder annimmt, wobei mittels einer Kamera mindestens ein Bild des Sicherheitsmerkmals aufgenommen und das Bild an einen Dienstanbieter zur Prüfung der Authentizität des Sicherheitsmerkmals übertragen wird.To solve the problem, the invention discloses a method for checking the authenticity of a document from a user, the document having a security feature which is characterized in that the security feature changes its color when stimulated by light of a specific wavelength and changes its original color after the stimulation accepts again, at least one image of the security feature being recorded by means of a camera and the image being transmitted to a service provider for checking the authenticity of the security feature.

Ein Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass das Sicherheitsmerkmal mittels Licht, das von einem Monitor des Benutzers stammt, angeregt wird, wobei der Monitor ein Licht einer bestimmten Wellenlänge an das Sicherheitsmerkmal abstrahlt, damit das Sicherheitsmerkmal seine Farbe ändert.An advantage of the invention is that the security feature is excited by means of light originating from a user's monitor, the monitor emitting light of a specific wavelength onto the security feature so that the security feature changes its color.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass der Dienstanbieter ein Signal erzeugt und an den Monitor überträgt, wobei das Signal eine Information darüber enthält, welche Wellenlänge von dem Monitor des Benutzers abgestrahlt wird.A further advantage of the invention is that the service provider generates and transmits a signal to the monitor, the signal containing information about which wavelength is emitted by the user's monitor.

Ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel ist, dass der Dienstanbieter ein auf dem Monitor des Benutzers anzuzeigendes Muster erzeugt und an den Monitor überträgt, so dass das Sicherheitsmerkmal nach Anregung das Muster anzeigt bis das Sicherheitsmerkmal wieder seine ursprüngliche Farbe angenommen hat.A further advantageous exemplary embodiment is that the service provider generates a pattern to be displayed on the user's monitor and transmits it to the monitor, so that the security feature displays the pattern after being stimulated until the security feature has assumed its original color again.

Ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel ist, dass für das Sicherheitsmerkmal ein photochromer Farbstoff oder ein Pigment verwendet wird.A further advantageous exemplary embodiment is that a photochromic dye or a pigment is used for the security feature.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass als Material für das Sicherheitsmerkmal Bacteriorhodopsin verwendet wird.A further advantage of the invention is that bacteriorhodopsin is used as the material for the security feature.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass mindestens zwei verschiedene Typen von Bacteriorhodopsin für das Sicherheitsmerkmal verwendet werden. Ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel ist, dass zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Sicherheitsmerkmals eine Zeit gemessen wird, die vergeht bis das Sicherheitsmerkmal nach einer Anregung wieder seine ursprüngliche Farbe angenommen hat.

  • Figur 1 zeigt verschiedene Zustände von Bacteriorhodopsin.
  • Figur 2 zeigt, wie ein Dokument mit einem Sicherheitsmerkmal, welches einen Merkmalsstoff, wie z.B. Bacteriorhodopsin, enthält auf einen Monitor eines Benutzers aufgelegt wird.
  • Figur 3 zeigt, wie ein Muster, z.B. ein Symbol, auf dem Monitor des Benutzers angezeigt wird, wobei das Muster für den Benutzer unbekannt ist, wobei das Sicherheitsmerkmal entsprechend der Form des Symbols angeregt wird die Farbe zu verändern.
  • Figur 4 zeigt, wie eine Kamera ein Bild von dem Sicherheitsmerkmal aufnimmt, wobei das Sicherheitsmerkmal in Form des Symbols seine Farbe verändert hat, wobei das Bild an einen Dienstanbieter zur Prüfung der Echtheit übertragen wird.
Another advantage of the invention is that at least two different types of bacteriorhodopsin are used for the security feature. A further advantageous exemplary embodiment is that, in order to check the authenticity of the security feature, a time is measured which elapses until the security feature has assumed its original color again after being stimulated.
  • figure 1 shows different states of bacteriorhodopsin.
  • figure 2 shows how a document with a security feature, which contains a feature substance such as bacteriorhodopsin, is placed on a user's monitor.
  • figure 3 Figure 1 shows how a pattern, eg a symbol, is displayed on the user's monitor, the pattern being unknown to the user, whereby the security feature is induced to change color according to the shape of the symbol.
  • figure 4 shows how a camera takes an image of the security feature, the security feature in the form of the symbol having changed its color, the image being transmitted to a service provider for verification of authenticity.

Figur 1 zeigt verschiedene Zustände von Bacteriorhodopsin. Die Firma U-Nica hat eine photochrome, bacteriorhodopsinhaltige Farbe entwickelt. Bacteriorhodopsin durchläuft nach Absorption eines Photons einen sogenannten Photozyklus, in dem sich seine Farbe reversibel ändert, d.h. nach Anregung durch Absorption eines Photons ändert sich die Farbe, wobei nach der Anregung eine ursprüngliche Farbe eines Grundzustands wieder angenommen wird. Der Grundzustand von Bacteriorhodopsin mit einem Absorptionsmaximum bei 570 nm erscheint purpur und ändert nach Belichtung in einen Zustand M mit einem Absorptionsmaximum bei 410 nm, wobei im Zustand M Bacteriorhodopsin gelb erscheint. Das System relaxiert, d.h. kehrt in den Grundzustand von selbst bzw. rascher durch Belichtung mit blauem Licht bei 410 nm wieder zurück in den Grundzustand, wie dies in Figur 1 dargestellt ist. figure 1 shows different states of bacteriorhodopsin. The U-Nica company has developed a photochromic paint containing bacteriorhodopsin. After absorption of a photon, bacteriorhodopsin undergoes a so-called photocycle in which its color changes reversibly, ie the color changes after excitation by absorption of a photon, with an original color of a ground state being assumed again after excitation. The ground state of bacteriorhodopsin with an absorption maximum at 570 nm appears purple and changes after exposure to a state M with an absorption maximum at 410 nm, in state M bacteriorhodopsin appears yellow. The system relaxes, ie returns to the ground state by itself or returns to the ground state more quickly by exposure to blue light at 410 nm, as shown in figure 1 is shown.

Es sind natürliche Varianten oder mittels Gentechnik oder Biotechnologie hergestellte Varianten von Bacteriorhodopsin bekannt, die auch andere Absorptionsmaxima in den jeweiligen Zuständen aufweisen, die daher auch andere Farben in den Zuständen aufweisen und daher andere Farbwechselkombinationen aufweisen. Auch durch das umgebende Milieu können die photochemischen Eigenschaften von Bacteriorhodopsin verändert werden, insbesondere durch einen pH-Wert und eine Ionenkonzentration.Natural variants or variants of bacteriorhodopsin produced by means of genetic engineering or biotechnology are known which also have other absorption maxima in the respective states, which therefore also have other colors in the states and therefore have other color change combinations. The photochemical properties of bacteriorhodopsin can also be changed by the surrounding environment, in particular by a pH value and an ionic concentration.

Die Farbe und die Farbänderungseigenschaften können auch durch die Kombination von Bacteriorhodopsin-Varianten und Milieu vorteilhaft verändert werden.Color and color change properties can also be advantageously altered by the combination of bacteriorhodopsin variants and environment.

Besonders interessant für Sicherheitselemente sind Varianten, bei denen auf Grund einer bestimmten Bacteriorhodopsin-Variante und dem entsprechenden umgebenden Milieu im Licht der gelbe Zustand vorliegt und nach Belichtung mit blauem Licht in den purpurfarbenen Grundzustand überführt wird. Im weißen Licht ändert sich die Farbe wieder nach Gelb.Particularly interesting for security elements are variants in which, due to a specific bacteriorhodopsin variant and the corresponding surrounding environment, the yellow state is present in the light and, after exposure to blue light, in is converted to the purple ground state. In white light, the color changes back to yellow.

Das blaue Licht kann dabei entweder durch eine blaue Lichtquelle, z.B. ein Laser mit ca. 410 nm, erreicht werden oder durch eine weiße Lichtquelle mit einem Filter, so dass bevorzugt blaues Licht auf das Bacteriorhodopsin-Element gestrahlt wird. Dieser Filter kann natürlich auch in Form einer Maske zwischen Lichtquelle und Bacteriorhodopsin-Element platziert werden.The blue light can be achieved either by a blue light source, e.g. a laser with approx. 410 nm, or by a white light source with a filter, so that blue light is preferably radiated onto the bacteriorhodopsin element. Of course, this filter can also be placed in the form of a mask between the light source and the bacteriorhodopsin element.

Sowohl die photochrome Zusammensetzung "Photochromer Lila-Gelb Merkmalsstoff Bacteriorhodopsin" ( EP1307474B1 ), die Mikroverkapselung "Mikroverkapseltes Bacteriorhodopsin als photochromer Sicherheitsfarbstoff" ( EP2424654A1 ) und die Applikation "Bacteriorhodopsin Applikation als photochromes Sicherheitselement" ( EP2582528B1 ) sind im Stand der Technik beschrieben. Ferner ist ausführlich die Kombination mit nicht-photochromen (blauen) Fixfarben und blauen Folien beschrieben, um den Effekt auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Wertpapiers hervorzurufen "Fensterbanknoten mit Bacteriorhodopsin" ( EP2484537A2 ).Both the photochromic composition "Photochromic Purple-Yellow Trace Substance Bacteriorhodopsin" ( EP1307474B1 ), the microencapsulation "Microencapsulated bacteriorhodopsin as a photochromic security dye" ( EP2424654A1 ) and the application "Bacteriorhodopsin application as a photochromic security element" ( EP2582528B1 ) are described in the prior art. Furthermore, the combination with non-photochromic (blue) fixed colors and blue foils is described in detail in order to produce the effect on the opposite side of the security "window banknotes with bacteriorhodopsin" ( EP2484537A2 ).

Figur 2 zeigt, wie ein Dokument 4 mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsmerkmal, welches einen Merkmalsstoff, wie z.B. Bacteriorhodopsin, enthält auf einen Monitor 2 eines Benutzers aufgelegt wird. Das Sicherheitsmerkmal ist dazu flächig auf dem Dokument 4 aufgetragen. Der Monitor 2 des Benutzers ist mit einem Rechner verbunden. Der Rechner des Benutzers ist ferner mittels eines Übertragungsnetzwerks, z.B. Internet, mit einem Rechner eines Dienstanbieters verbunden, wobei der Dienstanbieter die Prüfung des Sicherheitsmerkmals steuert. figure 2 shows how a document 4 with a security feature according to the invention, which contains a feature substance such as bacteriorhodopsin, is placed on a monitor 2 of a user. For this purpose, the security feature is applied to the surface of the document 4 . The user's monitor 2 is connected to a computer. The user's computer is also connected to a service provider's computer by means of a transmission network, eg the Internet, with the service provider controlling the verification of the security feature.

Wie oben bei Figur 1 beschrieben wurde, weist Bacteriorhodopsin zwei monostabile Zustände auf. Deshalb kann es für ein Challenge Response Verfahren zwischen dem Benutzer und dem Dienstanbieter eingesetzt werden, um eine Echtheit eines Sicherheitsmerkmals auf dem Dokument 4 zu prüfen. Dazu wird Bacteriorhodopsin als Sicherheitsmerkmal in das zu authentisierende bzw. zu prüfende Dokument, z.B. Chipkarte, Personalausweis, Kreditkarte, Sozialversicherungsausweis, Bankkarte, Führerschein etc. flächig eingebracht, wie dies in den Figuren 2 bis 4 dargestellt ist.As above at figure 1 has been described, bacteriorhodopsin has two monostable states. It can therefore be used for a challenge-response method between the user and the service provider in order to check the authenticity of a security feature on the document 4. For this purpose, bacteriorhodopsin is incorporated as a security feature into the document to be authenticated or checked, e.g Chip card, identity card, credit card, social security card, bank card, driver's license, etc. introduced over a large area, as in the Figures 2 to 4 is shown.

In Figur 2 ist die Situation dargestellt, wenn das Dokument 4 auf den Monitor 2 des Benutzers gelegt wird. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass das Sicherheitsmerkmal sich auf der Seite des Dokuments 4 befindet, welche dem Monitor 2 zugewandt ist. Das Dokument 4 mit Sicherheitsmerkmal wird z.B. unmittelbar auf den Monitor 2 des Benutzers gehalten, wobei der Monitor 2 z.B. ein Display eines Smartphones oder ein Computerbildschirm ist.In figure 2 the situation is shown when the document 4 is placed on the monitor 2 of the user. It should be noted that the security feature is on the side of the document 4 that faces the monitor 2 . The document 4 with a security feature is held directly on the user's monitor 2, for example, the monitor 2 being a display of a smartphone or a computer screen, for example.

Figur 3 zeigt, wie ein Muster 6, z.B. ein Symbol, Buchstabe, Zahl, Zeichen, Wort, Bild, Figur, auf dem Monitor 2 angezeigt wird, wobei das Muster 6 für den Benutzer unbekannt ist, wobei das Sicherheitsmerkmal entsprechend der Form des Musters 6, z.B. in Form eines Symbols, angeregt wird, um die Farbe zu verändern. figure 3 shows how a pattern 6, e.g. a symbol, letter, number, character, word, picture, figure, is displayed on the monitor 2, the pattern 6 being unknown to the user, the security feature corresponding to the shape of the pattern 6, eg in the form of a symbol, is stimulated to change colour.

Zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Sicherheitsmerkmals wird vom Dienstanbieter ein beliebiges Muster 6, hier z.B. 3p5, erzeugt und an den Monitor 2 des Benutzers übertragen und auf dem Monitor 2 angezeigt. Das Muster 6 ist ein wahlfreies, pseudozufälliges Beleuchtungsmuster, das einen Merkmalsstoff, z.B. Bacteriorhodopsin, des Sicherheitsmerkmals, das sich auf dem Dokument 4 befindet, anregt damit eine Farbveränderung eintritt.To check the authenticity of the security feature, the service provider generates any pattern 6, here e.g. 3p5, and transmits it to the user's monitor 2 and displays it on monitor 2. The pattern 6 is a random, pseudo-random illumination pattern that excites a feature substance, e.g., bacteriorhodopsin, of the security feature located on the document 4 to cause a color change.

Figur 4 zeigt, wie eine Kamera 10 ein Bild von dem Sicherheitsmerkmal aufnimmt, wobei das Sicherheitsmerkmal in Form eines Musters 8 aufgrund der Anregung durch den Monitor 2 seine Farbe verändert hat, wobei das Muster 8 der Form des Musters 6 entspricht, welches vom Monitor 2 angezeigt wird, wobei das Bild des Musters 8 an einen Dienstanbieter zur Prüfung der Echtheit übertragen wird. Als Kamera kann z.B. eine Webcam verwendet werden, wie sie z.B. an einem Monitor 2 angeordnet ist. Zu beachten ist hier, dass das Muster 8 spiegelverkehrt zum Muster 6 dargestellt ist. figure 4 shows how a camera 10 takes an image of the security feature, the security feature in the form of a pattern 8 having changed its color due to the excitation by the monitor 2, the pattern 8 corresponding to the shape of the pattern 6 which is displayed by the monitor 2 , wherein the image of the pattern 8 is transmitted to a service provider for authentication. A webcam, for example, such as is arranged on a monitor 2, can be used as the camera. It should be noted here that pattern 8 is shown as a mirror image of pattern 6.

Der Dienstanbieter prüft das Muster 8 auf eine Übereinstimmung mit dem Muster 6, das zur Anregung des Sicherheitsmerkmals, insbesondere des Merkmalsstoffes, z.B. Bacteriorhodopsin, an den Monitor 2 des Benutzers gesendet wurde.The service provider checks the pattern 8 for a match with the pattern 6, which was sent to the user's monitor 2 to stimulate the security feature, in particular the feature substance, e.g. bacteriorhodopsin.

Man kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch gegen innere Angreifer schützen, etwa eines korrupten Operators des Dienstanbieters, indem das Muster 6 von einem Programm erzeugt wird, so dass der Operator keine Kenntnis und keinen Einfluss auf das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Sicherheitsmerkmals hat. Das zurückgelieferte Muster 8 wird von einer automatischen Bildverarbeitung des Dienstanbieters ausgewertet und automatisch auf Übereinstimmung mit dem Muster 6, das zur Anregung an den Monitor 2 des Benutzers übertragen wurde, verglichen.The method according to the invention can also be protected against internal attackers, such as a corrupt operator of the service provider, in that the pattern 6 is generated by a program so that the operator has no knowledge of and no influence on the method according to the invention for checking the authenticity of the security feature. The pattern 8 that is returned is evaluated by an automatic image processing system of the service provider and automatically compared to match the pattern 6 that was transmitted to the user's monitor 2 for the purpose of stimulation.

Neben Bacteriorhodopsin können auch photochrome Farbstoffe oder Pigmente verwendet werden, wie z.B. Retinalproteine, Proteorhodopsine oder allgemein photochrome Stoffe oder Gemische daraus.In addition to bacteriorhodopsin, photochromic dyes or pigments can also be used, such as retinal proteins, proteorhodopsin or generally photochromic substances or mixtures thereof.

Folgende Farbwechsel sind denkbar: gelb-purpur, purpur-gelb, blau-gelb, gelb-blau, und diverse weitere Farbwechsel mit jeweils entsprechender Selbstverifizierungsmaskenfarbe.The following color changes are conceivable: yellow-purple, purple-yellow, blue-yellow, yellow-blue, and various other color changes, each with a corresponding self-verification mask color.

Besonders geeignet erschient ein Anregungsmuster, das Gelb (410 nm) und Blau (570 nm) enthält, da dann beide Farbzustände angeregt werden und über einen Farbkontrast die Form des Musters 8 deutlicher zu erkennen ist.An excitation pattern that contains yellow (410 nm) and blue (570 nm) appears particularly suitable, since both color states are then excited and the shape of the pattern 8 can be recognized more clearly via a color contrast.

Ferner kann Bacteriorhodopsin für ein photochromes Sicherheitsmerkmal verwendet werden. Der Effekt funktioniert grundsätzlich stabil und reversibel. Es ist auch bekannt, dass die Erkennung von Mustern mittels Kamera kein Problem darstellt.Furthermore, bacteriorhodopsin can be used for a photochromic security feature. The effect is basically stable and reversible. It is also known that pattern recognition by camera is not a problem.

Besonders geeignet ist es, wenn die Rückstellzeit des Musters 8 von der Kamera 10 miterfasst wird, da lediglich das Generieren eines Musters 8, d.h. eine Anregung des Sicherheitsmerkmals für einen Farbwechsel, eine Schwachstelle bedeuten kann. So könnte ein lichtempfindlicher Sensor oder eine Kamera 10 vorgehalten werden, wodurch in kürzester Zeit das Muster 8 erfasst und dann auf eine geeignete Fläche übertragen werden könnte. Da eine gewisse Zeit für das Halten an den Monitor 2 und eine zeitliche Toleranz für den Wechsel zur Kamera 10 gegeben sein muss, wäre ein Betrug so zumindest theoretisch möglich.It is particularly suitable if the reset time of the pattern 8 is also recorded by the camera 10, since only the generation of a pattern 8, ie an excitation of the Security feature for a color change, a vulnerability can mean. A light-sensitive sensor or a camera 10 could be provided, whereby the pattern 8 could be recorded in a very short time and then transferred to a suitable surface. Since there must be a certain amount of time for holding to the monitor 2 and a time tolerance for switching to the camera 10, fraud would be possible, at least in theory.

Allerdings bietet Bacteriorhodopsin die Möglichkeit die Rückstellzeit zum Grundzustand weitestgehend definiert einzustellen. Idealerweise würde man sogar zwei zeitlich unterschiedliche Bacteriorhodopsin-Typen auf das Dokument 4 aufbringen. Die Kamera 10 könnte dann anhand der zeitlichen Änderung des Musters 8 erkennen, ob es sich nur um eine schnell erstellte Kopie des Musters 8 handelt oder ob dies tatsächlich auf der ursprünglichen Bacteriorhodopsin-Fläche abgebildet ist.However, bacteriorhodopsin offers the possibility of setting the return time to the basic state in a largely defined manner. Ideally, one would even apply two bacteriorhodopsin types to the document 4 at different times. The camera 10 could then use the change in the pattern 8 over time to identify whether it is just a quickly created copy of the pattern 8 or whether this is actually imaged on the original bacteriorhodopsin surface.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

22
Monitor eines Benutzers, welcher mit einem Rechner des Benutzers verbunden istA user's monitor that is connected to a user's computer
44
Dokument mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitsmerkmal, wobei das Sicherheitsmerkmal einen Merkmalsstoff, wie z.B. Bacteriorhodopsin, enthältDocument with a security feature according to the invention, the security feature containing a feature substance such as bacteriorhodopsin
66
Muster, z.B. ein Symbol, das auf dem Monitor des Benutzers angezeigt wird und von einem Dienstanbieter erzeugt und an den Monitor übertragen wirdPattern, e.g. an icon, displayed on the user's monitor, generated by a service provider and transmitted to the monitor
88th
Muster, das durch den Merkmalsstoff für die Dauer der Anregung auf dem Dokument angezeigt wirdPattern displayed on the document by the feature substance for the duration of the excitation
1010
Kamera, z.B. eine Webcam am Monitor des Benutzers, die ein Bild des angeregten Merkmalsstoffs in Form des Musters aufnimmt und an den Dienstanbieter überträgtCamera, e.g. a webcam on the user's monitor, which captures an image of the excited feature substance in the form of the pattern and transmits it to the service provider

Claims (4)

  1. A method for checking an authenticity of a document (4) of a user,
    wherein the document (4) has a security feature,
    wherein the security feature changes color upon an excitation by light of a certain wavelength and again adopts its original color after the excitation,
    wherein at least one image of the security feature is recorded by means of a camera (10) and the image is transmitted to a service provider for checking the authenticity of the security feature,
    wherein the security feature is excited by means of light which comes from a monitor (2) of the user, wherein the monitor (2) emits a light of a certain wavelength to the security feature so that the security feature changes its color,
    characterized in that the service provider generates a signal and transmits it to the monitor (2),
    wherein the signal contains information about which wavelength is emitted by the monitor (2) of the user,
    wherein bacteriorhodopsin is employed as the material for the security feature,
    wherein at least two different types of bacteriorhodopsin are employed for the security feature.
  2. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the service provider generates a pattern (6) to be displayed on the monitor (2) of the user and transmits it to the monitor (2) so that the security feature, after excitation, displays the pattern (6) until the security feature has again adopted its original color.
  3. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a photochromic dye or a pigment is employed for the security feature.
  4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to check the genuineness of the security feature, a time is measured which elapses until the security feature has again adopted its original color after an excitation.
EP15003525.1A 2014-12-16 2015-12-10 Method for checking authenticity of a document with a photochromic secuirity feature Active EP3035301B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014018866 2014-12-16
DE102015004874.0A DE102015004874A1 (en) 2014-12-16 2015-04-16 Optional patterns for visual authentication

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EP3035301A1 EP3035301A1 (en) 2016-06-22
EP3035301B1 true EP3035301B1 (en) 2022-02-09

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29819954U1 (en) 1998-11-07 1999-03-04 Basler Gmbh Device for the optical inspection of holograms
CH701000A1 (en) 2009-04-30 2010-11-15 U Nica Technology Ag Bacteriorhodopsin-containing microcapsules and methods for their preparation.
CN102947102B (en) 2010-06-18 2015-11-25 尤尼卡技术股份有限公司 For the method preparation comprising bacteria rhodopsin is applied in matrix and the product made by described method
WO2012083469A1 (en) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 U-Nica Technology Ag Method and device for authenticating documents marked with photochromic systems
DE102011010127A1 (en) 2011-02-02 2012-08-02 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Authenticity assurance of value documents by means of photochromic dyes

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