EP3035144B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la décharge d'énergie thermique dans des structures résidentielles locales et régionales - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la décharge d'énergie thermique dans des structures résidentielles locales et régionales Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3035144B1
EP3035144B1 EP14198881.6A EP14198881A EP3035144B1 EP 3035144 B1 EP3035144 B1 EP 3035144B1 EP 14198881 A EP14198881 A EP 14198881A EP 3035144 B1 EP3035144 B1 EP 3035144B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy output
control
heat energy
heating
heating cost
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Active
Application number
EP14198881.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3035144A1 (fr
Inventor
Tobias Prof. Dr. Teich
Daniel Kretz
Oliver Scharf
Franz Dr. Schröder
Axel Seeberg
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Metrona Union GmbH
WESTSAECHSISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZWICKAU
Original Assignee
Metrona Union GmbH
Westsachsische Hochschule Zwickau
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
    • G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
    • G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1048—Counting of energy consumption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1927—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors
    • G05D23/193—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces
    • G05D23/1931—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using a plurality of sensors sensing the temperaure in different places in thermal relationship with one or more spaces to control the temperature of one space

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the heating energy output in local to regional living space structures.
  • the invention further relates to a device arrangement for performing such a method.
  • Local living space structures are to be understood here to mean individual or a few living units or in a building envelope, while regional living space structures are intended to be a large number of such units in a plurality of adjacent or closely spaced buildings. In the present invention, however, it is not important to make a clear distinction between local and regional living space structures.
  • a method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from the DE 10 2011 002411 A1 known.
  • a heat cost allocator is integrated into an information technology network for a room, apartment or building. The user can be made aware of an open window or door by a generated warning message. The generated warning message can also be transmitted to a heating control unit for controlling the radiator or the heating system.
  • EP 2 219 093 A1 shows a heating control, in which the detection of the current heating output is carried out by heat cost allocators, the heat cost allocators are connected to a central station in a radio network and the heat cost allocators are involved in the temperature control.
  • DE 699 18 379 T2 shows a heating control system in which adaptive neural networks are used.
  • the system includes an operator unit with a display and touch keys.
  • US 6,145,751 A shows an arrangement in which learnable neural networks are used to control a heater.
  • US2011 / 230131 A1 shows a heating arrangement with air quality sensors.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve the best possible control of the heating energy output in a living space structure under the given circumstances.
  • the method according to the invention for controlling the heating energy output in local to regional living space structures is based on a ubiquitous sensor network including a standardized heating cost distribution system with electronic heat cost allocators that are attached to heating surfaces of a living space structure and at least one first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the assigned heating surface (radiator temperature sensor) and one second temperature sensor for detecting the air temperature of the room (room temperature sensor) in which the heating surface is located.
  • the measured values recorded by the sensors of the sensor network including the temperature sensors of the electronic heat cost allocators, are subjected to an evaluation and are included in the control of the heating energy output to the individual rooms of the living space structure in which heating surfaces are present.
  • the sense and value creation idea of the invention is the metrological collection and informatic processing and control of the energy output distribution in at least one building object or in extended building or district structures, with short time scales being used.
  • the method according to the invention it is possible within a more extensive intelligent infrastructure (possibly a smart grid structure) to support and optimize the current energetic state of one or multiple "heating communities" practically at any time in terms of control or regulation technology.
  • a previously independent heating cost distribution system with radio transmission is integrated as a parallel-operational substructure into a special single-room heating control or regulation, without restricting the original functionality of the heating cost distribution system in any way in accordance with DIN / EN standard 834.
  • the provision of the temperature measured values by the electronic heat cost allocators for the control of the heating energy output should take place on shorter time scales than in the "normal" query of the counting progress.
  • the control of the heating energy output takes place according to the principle of an artificial neural network.
  • the strength of an artificial neural network is the highly parallel processing of input information, which is made possible by linking the neurons and their processing functions. This allows very complex, non-linear dependencies to be mapped in the input information. Neural networks learn these dependencies, which is mainly based on empirical data.
  • information about the opening state of window sashes and / or exterior doors, which are located above or near heating surfaces equipped with electronic heat cost allocators, can be included.
  • the special feature is that no window contacts or the like are required for this, but the information is derived from the measured values of the corresponding electronic heat cost allocators.
  • the user of the respective residential unit can interactively enter a room temperature setpoint for controlling the heating energy output on an electronic heat cost allocator, which is transmitted by radio from the electronic heat cost allocator.
  • a room temperature setpoint for controlling the heating energy output on an electronic heat cost allocator, which is transmitted by radio from the electronic heat cost allocator.
  • Another aspect of the invention is the provision of a single additional home-related input / output device that enables the display of room climate parameters.
  • the user of the respective residential unit can make interactive inputs on this device for controlling the heating energy output.
  • Such a device replaces several individual room devices.
  • the user of the respective residential unit sets a room temperature setpoint on an electronic heat cost allocator or on a control valve of a radiator with two opposing, preferably touch-sensitive input sensors by one or more double touches.
  • the currently set room temperature setpoint is shown in an absolute display (e.g. as a concrete numerical value) and / or relative (e.g. as a marking on a scale).
  • the invention also provides a device arrangement with a plurality of sensor devices arranged in a local or regional living space structure, including electronic heat cost allocators, which are attached to heating surfaces of a living space structure and at least a first temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the associated heating surface and a second temperature sensor for detecting the air temperature of the room , in which the heating surface is located.
  • the components of the device arrangement are set up to carry out the inventive method defined above for controlling the heating energy output.
  • At least some of the electronic heat cost allocators of the device arrangement according to the invention should have an interactive input functionality and a transfer functionality for a room temperature setpoint.
  • a home-based input / output device for displaying room climate parameters and for interactive input of parameters for controlling the heating energy output is advantageous, the input / output device having a radio data transceiver or being connected to a radio data transceiver.
  • Such a device represents an additional ubiquitous component and replaces wired installations of switches and displays in individual rooms.
  • At least some of the electronic heat cost allocators or at least some of the radiator control valves in a residential unit have two opposing, preferably touch-sensitive input sensors, which allow one or more double touches to input a room temperature setpoint.
  • touch-sensitive input sensors pressure-sensitive switches can of course also be used.
  • the device arrangement according to the invention comprises a display for the absolute and / or relative display of the currently set room temperature setpoint.
  • the invention also creates financial and synergy effects through the multiple use of certain ubiquitous individual devices, which serve as sensors for several parameters and offer additional functionalities, in addition to the control or regulation-related advantages.
  • the system solution according to the invention thus also serves to tap substantial economic savings potential even in the initial technical basic equipment of buildings with individual room heating controls.
  • the implementation of the system constellation according to the invention can result in a savings potential of more than 60% in the technical equipment alone - compared to equipment that is currently commercially available for individual room heating controls.
  • Essential components that are used to carry out the control process are ubiquitous sensors networked in an informative infra- or smart home structure, such as for room temperature, heating surface temperature, air quality, window contacts etc., and can be operated or used by the user of the respective living unit Actuators that can be controlled by radio, in particular for entering or setting a room temperature setpoint or a heating energy output quantity / rate.
  • networked sensors can also be provided for detecting valve positions or other operating parameters.
  • the sensors can be networked in a wired and / or wireless manner.
  • the measured values of all sensors or all of the settings made by the user can be made accessible to a (higher-level) control device, which does not necessarily have to be a central unit, but can in principle also comprise a plurality of decentralized control units.
  • the electronic heat cost allocators are able to directly or indirectly transmit the temperature measurement values of their sensors and / or time derivatives thereof to the control device and / or other network nodes.
  • Current measurements are collected and made available at comparatively short intervals, i.e. H. in the seconds, minutes or hours range.
  • the time scales are significantly shorter than with a regular transfer of the counting progress to a service provider, which i. d. Usually done monthly or at even greater intervals.
  • This additional functionality for providing various input parameters and status information on short time scales is an essential part of the control procedure presented here.
  • the electronic heat cost allocators can also have additional functions for recording and providing status information. In any case, at least some condition sensors, which would otherwise have to be provided separately, can be replaced by using appropriately modified electronic heat cost allocators. The same also applies to controls for entering setpoints or the like by the user of the respective living unit, which are also transmitted to the control device. This will be discussed in more detail later using a specific example.
  • At least some of the sensors, controls, actuators and the control device are organized as an artificial neural network.
  • the sensors, control elements and actuators and possibly further processing units represent neurons that are linked to one another via communication channels.
  • Input information in the form of measured values from the Sensors, user-made and other current settings are usually processed within the network by the neurons using non-linear functions.
  • the result is propagated to other neurons via the communication channels.
  • the output information represents the result of the processing processes and the basis for determining or setting the optimal heating energy output on the individual heating surfaces under the given circumstances.
  • Optional components of the device arrangement are interactive devices (panels) which are used to display current status values and information, in particular, and for data input by the user.
  • an input / output device can be provided for each individual room.
  • metrological collection and information processing and control of the energy output distribution can be realized in at least one building object or in extended building or district structures on a short time scale.
  • the current energetic state of one or multiple "heating communities" can be supported in terms of control or regulation technology and sustainably improved within a more extensive intelligent infrastructure (possibly a smart grid structure).
  • special algorithms based on an artificial neural network are used to optimize the heating system control and regulation for the individual rooms.
  • Specific measures in the construction of the network include the allocation of the already existing or already to be provided electronic heating cost allocators with the additional functions mentioned for the detection and transmission of effective room temperature (T L ) and effective heating surface temperature (T H ).
  • the effective temperatures are not snapshots, but rather an average of many times within a variably configurable time interval, e.g. B. 30 minutes, measured temperature values.
  • there is an opening status monitoring for window sashes and / or external doors arranged near heating surfaces in particular by evaluating the measured values of the electronic heat cost allocators, as will be explained in more detail later.
  • the user also has an interactive input functionality for the room temperature setpoint via the electronic heat cost allocator or the radiator control valve, which will also be discussed in more detail later.
  • the algorithm determines the optimal switch-on time (t * switch-on ) of the actuator of a radiator valve based on the ubiquitous sensor data of the electronic heat cost allocators (effective room temperature T L and effective radiator temperature T H ) as well as outside temperature and wind at the location of the building.
  • Climatic input variables can also be supplied by a climate model based on a large number of weather stations.
  • the algorithm compensates for a lack of prior knowledge about nonlinear causalities in the thermodynamic system and has the necessary robustness against an incomplete database in the control system as well as the ability to learn and generalize.
  • the algorithm preferably works according to the back propagation principle.
  • the artificial neural network consists of an input layer of input neurons, an output layer of output neurons and two intermediate layers with a number of no more than 200% of the sum of input and output neurons.
  • the algorithm restarts the process of learning the network weights based on the data stored in the radio receiving unit if a significant network error is found.
  • the central task of the control or regulation is cyclically at each time t currently to check whether the determined by the regulator period of time .DELTA.t for the heating (t setpoint - t * switched on) is greater than the remaining time (t target value - t current) is.
  • the actuator is switched on by clipping and after a sufficient approximation to the target temperature to prevent overshoot, the system is switched to conventional PI control (proportional-integral controlling).
  • FIG 1 Various window opening scenarios are shown that an electronic heat cost allocator 10 equipped with additional functionalities can recognize. This will be discussed in more detail shortly.
  • the electronic heat cost allocator 10 provides a cyclical display of room temperature and radiator temperature and can either form a room temperature derivative f ⁇ d / dt (T L ), d / dt (T H ) ⁇ itself or provides the measured values for this.
  • an interactive setting of the room temperature setpoint by the user is possible on the electronic heat cost allocator 10.
  • Figure 2 shows an interactive input / output device 12 (panel) with display and input functions and a radio data transceiver for a residential unit.
  • Partially and completely opened window sashes can be determined less precisely by this method than by special, specially provided window status contacts, but convey through contrasts and different dynamics of room temperature T L and radiator temperature T H to known or "learned" typical room temperatures and prevailing outside temperatures a good assessment of the current energy flows and energy leaks, to which primarily a heating control system can and should react.
  • the special additional use of temperature signals from electronic heat cost allocators as "window monitors” represents a "less digital” and thus a more appropriate control system for more effective control than currently customary window contacts.
  • FIG. 3 An electronic heat cost allocator 10 is shown by way of example, with which suggestively an ergonomically particularly simple entry of a target value for the room temperature near the responsible heating point is to be made possible.
  • the input option described in detail below can also be provided directly on a control valve of a radiator.
  • the electronic heat cost allocator 10 has a special touch-controlled function mechanism for entering a room temperature setpoint, which at the same time offers better protection against inadvertent incorrect operation.
  • two touch-sensitive input sensors 16 are provided on the opposite side surfaces.
  • a display 22 is arranged at least on the upper horizontal end face 18 of the housing 14.
  • the display 22 is divided into several segments 20 from “cold” to "warm” and serves to display the setpoint, as in particular in FIG Figure 3a can be seen. Thanks to the orientation or partial orientation upwards, the display 22 is easy to read.
  • the display 22 can alternatively also display a numerical value and / or the current room temperature.
  • the intended setpoint input on the electronic heat cost allocator 10 takes place by touching the input sensors 16 arranged on the upper housing section on both sides.
  • the displayed setpoint moves from the segments 20 of the display 22 from cold to warm, one step at a time with each brief touch and continuously as long as both fingers are on Housing linger.
  • the setting remains fixed as soon as the double touch is released.
  • the same principle - possibly modified slightly geometrically - can be used as an alternative to using a setpoint directly on the control valve of the radiator.
  • the room temperature setpoint is preferably not displayed or specified numerically, but can be increased or decreased in a predetermined number of steps in a previously agreed interval.
  • the coupled display expediently only permits the display of these steps, for example in the form of dots along a colored scale.
  • the invention is not limited to residential units, but can also be applied to commercial units.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage dans des structures de logement locales à régionales, basé sur un réseau de capteurs ubiquitaire en incluant un système de répartition de frais de chauffage conforme aux normes comprenant des répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10) qui sont montés sur des surfaces de chauffage d'une structure de logement et présentent au moins un premier capteur de température pour saisir la température de la surface de chauffage associée et un deuxième capteur de température pour saisir la température de l'air de la pièce dans laquelle se trouve la surface de chauffage, les valeurs mesurées saisies par les capteurs du réseau de capteurs, y compris les capteurs de température des répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10), étant soumises à une évaluation et étant prises en compte dans la commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage dans les différentes pièces de la structure de logement dans lesquelles se trouvent des surfaces de chauffage, caractérisé en ce que l'utilisateur de l'unité d'habitation respective règle une valeur de consigne de température ambiante sur un répartiteur de frais de chauffage électronique (10) ou sur une vanne de régulation d'un radiateur comprenant deux capteurs d'entrée (16) opposés, de préférence tactiles, par un ou plusieurs doubles contacts, la valeur de consigne de température ambiante actuellement réglée étant affichée de manière absolue et/ou relative dans un écran (22).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fournissement des valeurs de température mesurées par les répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10) pour la commande est réalisé sur des échelles de temps plus courtes en plus du fonctionnement standard du système de répartition de frais de chauffage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage est réalisée selon le principe d'un réseau neuronal artificiel.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour la commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage, des informations sur l'état d'ouverture de battants de fenêtres et/ou de portes extérieures situés au-dessus ou à proximité de surfaces de chauffage équipées de répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10) sont prises en compte, les informations étant dérivées des valeurs mesurées de ces répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10).
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour la commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage, une valeur de consigne de température ambiante est entrée de manière interactive par l'utilisateur de l'unité d'habitation respective sur un répartiteur de frais de chauffage électronique (10) et transmise par radio par le répartiteur de frais de chauffage électronique (10).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour la commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage, des entrées interactives sont effectuées par l'utilisateur de l'unité d'habitation respective sur un seul dispositif d'entrée/de sortie supplémentaire (12) lié à un appartement, lequel permet l'affichage de paramètres de climat ambiant.
  7. Agencement de dispositifs, comprenant une pluralité de dispositifs de détection agencés dans une structure de logement locale ou régionale, comprenant des répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électriques (10) qui sont montés sur des surfaces de chauffage d'une structure de logement et présentent au moins un premier capteur de température pour saisir la température de la surface de chauffage associée et un deuxième capteur de température pour saisir la température de l'air de la pièce dans laquelle se trouve la surface de chauffage, caractérisé en ce que les composants de l'agencement de dispositifs sont aménagés pour la réalisation du procédé de commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, en ce qu'au moins une partie des répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10) ou au moins une partie des vannes de régulation de radiateur dans une unité d'habitation comporte deux capteurs d'entrée (16) opposés, de préférence tactiles, qui permettent par un ou plusieurs doubles contacts une entrée d'une valeur de consigne de température ambiante, et en ce que l'agencement de dispositifs présente un écran (22) pour l'affichage absolu et/ou relatif de la valeur de consigne de température ambiante actuellement réglée.
  8. Agencement de dispositifs selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des répartiteurs de frais de chauffage électroniques (10) dispose d'une fonctionnalité d'entrée interactive et d'une fonctionnalité de transfert pour une valeur de consigne de température ambiante.
  9. Agencement de dispositifs selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé par un dispositif d'entrée/de sortie supplémentaire (12) lié à un appartement pour l'affichage de paramètres de climat ambiant et pour l'entrée interactive de paramètres pour la commande de la production d'énergie de chauffage, le dispositif d'entrée/sortie (12) disposant d'un émetteur-récepteur de données radio ou étant relié à un émetteur-récepteur de données radio.
EP14198881.6A 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la décharge d'énergie thermique dans des structures résidentielles locales et régionales Active EP3035144B1 (fr)

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EP14198881.6A EP3035144B1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la décharge d'énergie thermique dans des structures résidentielles locales et régionales

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EP14198881.6A EP3035144B1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Procédé et dispositif pour contrôler la décharge d'énergie thermique dans des structures résidentielles locales et régionales

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EP3035144B1 true EP3035144B1 (fr) 2020-01-22

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FR3050014B1 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2018-04-20 Thermor Procede de regulation d'un appareil de chauffage comprenant au moins un capteur de co2 et au moins un capteur de temperature et appareil de chauffage associe
DE102017105388A1 (de) * 2017-03-14 2018-09-20 Abb Schweiz Ag Sensorsystem zur Detektion von entstehenden Luft- oder Wärmeströmungen, bedingt durch geöffnete Fenster, Türen und/oder andere verschließbare Öffnungen in einem Gebäuderaum

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FR2782375B1 (fr) * 1998-08-13 2000-10-06 Suisse Electronique Microtech Systeme de regulation du chauffage d'un immeuble
US6145751A (en) * 1999-01-12 2000-11-14 Siemens Building Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for determining a thermal setpoint in a HVAC system
DE102009009197A1 (de) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-19 Ista International Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung der Raumtemperatur
EP2372483B1 (fr) * 2010-03-16 2012-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de régulation d'une grandeur liée au confort dans une pièce
DE102011002411B4 (de) * 2011-01-03 2015-01-15 Qundis Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betrieb eines Heizkörpers

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