EP3032091A1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzungsanordnung - Google Patents

Kraftstoffeinspritzungsanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3032091A1
EP3032091A1 EP14196725.7A EP14196725A EP3032091A1 EP 3032091 A1 EP3032091 A1 EP 3032091A1 EP 14196725 A EP14196725 A EP 14196725A EP 3032091 A1 EP3032091 A1 EP 3032091A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
fuel injection
line
pass line
return line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14196725.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3032091B1 (de
Inventor
Jaakko Koivula
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Finland Oy
Original Assignee
Wartsila Finland Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Finland Oy filed Critical Wartsila Finland Oy
Priority to EP14196725.7A priority Critical patent/EP3032091B1/de
Publication of EP3032091A1 publication Critical patent/EP3032091A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3032091B1 publication Critical patent/EP3032091B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02 - F02M69/44
    • F02M69/54—Arrangement of fuel pressure regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/04—Means for damping vibrations or pressure fluctuations in injection pump inlets or outlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/025—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by a single piston
    • F02M59/027—Unit-pumps, i.e. single piston and cylinder pump-units, e.g. for cooperating with a camshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/31—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements
    • F02M2200/315—Fuel-injection apparatus having hydraulic pressure fluctuations damping elements for damping fuel pressure fluctuations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injection arrangement for a piston engine in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • the fuel injection systems of compression ignition piston engines can be divided into common rail systems and systems that comprise a separate fuel injection pump for each cylinder of the engine.
  • fuel pressurized by a high-pressure pump is supplied into a storage, from which it can be fed to several cylinders of the engine.
  • the amount of the injected fuel and the fuel injection timing is controlled by the fuel injectors, which are usually electrically controlled.
  • each cylinder of the engine is provided with an own fuel injection pump, which also controls the amount of the fuel to be injected and the fuel injection timing.
  • the fuel injectors are opened by the pressure of the fuel.
  • a feed pump supplies fuel to the fuel injection pumps.
  • pressure peaks occur in the low pressure part of the fuel injection system, i.e. in the fuel supply line and in the return line that collects clean excess fuel from the fuel injection pumps.
  • Pressure peaks can be lowered by using large diameter pipes, but this is not always sufficient and often leads to a need to provide the pipes with pulsation dampers. Often several different pulsation dampers need to be used. This increases the costs and the need for service.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved fuel injection arrangement for a piston engine.
  • the fuel injection arrangement comprises a number of fuel injection pumps, each fuel injection pump being configured to inject liquid fuel into a cylinder of the engine, at least one feed pump for supplying fuel to the fuel injection pumps, a fuel supply line connecting the fuel injection pumps to the feed pump, a return line for receiving excess fuel from the fuel injection pumps and pressure regulating means arranged in the return line.
  • the characterizing features of the fuel injection arrangement according to the invention are given in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the fuel injection arrangement is provided with a by-pass line allowing outflow from the fuel supply line and/or the return line for reducing pressure pulsations.
  • the arrangement according to the invention effectively reduces pulsations in the fuel injection system.
  • the reliability of the engine and the lifetime of the components can thus be increased.
  • the need for expensive pulsation dampers can be avoided and manufacturing costs can thus be reduced.
  • the arrangement comprises means for restricting flow into the by-pass line.
  • the means for restricting flow into the by-pass line can comprise an orifice having a smaller diameter than the by-pass line.
  • the diameter of the orifice is 5 to 30 percent of the inner diameter of the by-pass line.
  • a first end of the by-pass line is connected to the fuel supply line.
  • a first end of the by-pass line is connected to the return line on the upstream side of the pressure regulating means.
  • a second end of the by-pass line can be connected to the return line on the downstream side of the pressure regulating means or to a pressureless tank.
  • the inner diameter of the by-pass line is 20 to 60 percent of the inner diameter of the return line.
  • the pressure regulating means can be a pressure regulating valve.
  • FIG 1 is shown schematically a fuel injection system of a piston engine.
  • the engine is a large internal combustion engine, such as a main or an auxiliary engine of a ship or an engine that is used at a power plant for producing electricity.
  • the fuel injection system is configured for a four-cylinder engine, but the invention is applicable to engines with any number of cylinders.
  • the cylinders are arranged in line, but the invention is also suitable for V-engines and other cylinder configurations.
  • the fuel injection system of figure 1 is configured to inject liquid fuel directly into the cylinders of the engine.
  • the fuel can be, for instance, light fuel oil (LFO), heavy fuel oil (HFO), marine gas oil (MGO), crude oil or marine diesel oil (MDO).
  • the engine can be provided with additional fuel injection systems, such as a gas injection system for introducing gaseous fuel into the engine and a pilot fuel injection system for introducing liquid pilot fuel into the cylinders when the engine is operated using a gaseous main fuel.
  • the fuel injection system of figure 1 comprises a number of fuel injection pumps 1.
  • One fuel injection pump 1 is provided for each cylinder of the engine.
  • the fuel injection pumps 1 are conventional fuel injection pumps, which are preferably cam-operated.
  • the fuel injection pumps 1 can also be called as jerk pumps.
  • Each fuel injection pump 1 is connected to a fuel injector 6, which is arranged to inject fuel directly into a cylinder of the engine.
  • Each fuel injector 6 is provided with an injector needle, which is opened by the pressure produced by the fuel injection pump 1.
  • the fuel injectors 6 are thus not electrically controlled, but the fuel injection timing and the amount of the injected fuel is determined by the fuel injection pumps 1.
  • the injection pressure is typically 1000 to 1800 bar.
  • the fuel injection system is provided with a feed pump 2 for supplying fuel from a tank 10 to the fuel injection pumps 1.
  • the feed pump 2 is a low-pressure pump that raises the pressure of the fuel to the range of 5 to 15 bar.
  • a fuel supply line 3 connects the feed pump 2 to the inlets of the fuel injection pumps 1.
  • the fuel injection pump 1 takes in substantially the same amount of fuel. However, the amount of the fuel that is supplied to the fuel injector 6 depends on the load of the engine.
  • the fuel injection system is provided with a return line 4 for receiving the excess fuel that is not supplied to the fuel injector 6. In the embodiment of figure 1 , all the cylinders are connected to the same return line 4.
  • the return line 4 comprises pressure regulating means 8.
  • the pressure regulating means is a pressure regulating valve 8.
  • the pressure regulating valve 8 is a normally closed valve, which is arranged to open when a certain threshold pressure is exceeded. The opening pressure of the pressure regulating valve 8 can be adjusted.
  • the nominal pressure in the return line 4 is kept in the range of 6 to 12 bar. With that nominal pressure, the actual pressure in the return line 4 typically varies in the range of 2 to 20 bar.
  • a throttling device could be arranged in the return line 4 to regulate the pressure.
  • the fuel injection system is further provided with a leakage line 7.
  • the leakage line 7 collects clean fuel leakage from the fuel injectors 6 and the fuel injection pumps 1. The clean leakage is caused by the clearances of the fuel injection pumps 1 and the fuel injectors 6 during normal operation of the engine. The clean fuel leakage can be returned to the tank 10.
  • the engine is also provided with a separate leakage line for dirty fuel (not shown). Via the leakage line for dirty fuel, the fuel that is mixed with other substances can be collected to a separate tank.
  • the fuel injection system is provided with a by-pass line 5.
  • the by-pass line 5 is arranged to allow outflow from the fuel supply line 3 and/or from the return line 4.
  • the by-pass line 5 is configured to allow outflow from both the fuel supply line 3 and the return line 4.
  • the by-pass line 5 could be connected only to the fuel supply line 3 or to the return line 4. It is also possible to provide each of the fuel supply line 3 and the return line 4 with an own by-pass line 5.
  • the fuel injection system would thus comprise two by-pass lines 5.
  • the by-pass line 5 is a pipe having a smaller diameter than the fuel supply line 3 and the return line 4. Suitable inner diameter for the by-pass line 5 is 20 to 60 percent of the inner diameter of the return line 4.
  • the by-pass line 5 has a first end and a second end.
  • the first end of the by-pass line 5 is divided into a first branch 5a and a second branch 5b.
  • the first branch 5a of the by-pass line 5 is connected to the fuel supply line 3 and the second branch 5b is connected to the return line 4.
  • the point where the second branch 5b of the by-pass line 5 is connected to the return line 4 is located upstream from the pressure regulating valve 8.
  • the second end of the by-pass line 5 is connected to the return line 4 on the downstream side of the pressure regulating valve 8. Instead of connecting the second end of the by-pass line 5 to the return line 4, the second end of the by-pass line 5 could be connected to a mixing tank.
  • the fuel injection system comprises means for restricting flow into the by-pass line 5.
  • the flow restricting means comprise orifices 11, 12 that are arranged between the fuel supply line 3 and the by-pass line 5 and between the return line 4 and the by-pass line 5.
  • the orifices 11, 12 are openings between the fuel supply line 3 and the by-pass line 5 and between the return line 4 and the by-pass line 5 having a substantially smaller diameter than the by-pass line 5.
  • a suitable diameter for the orifices is 5 to 30 percent of the inner diameter of the by-pass line 5.
  • the orifices 11, 12 restrict the outflow from the fuel supply line 3 and/or the return line 4 to the by-pass line 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP14196725.7A 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Kraftstoffeinspritzungsanordnung Active EP3032091B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196725.7A EP3032091B1 (de) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Kraftstoffeinspritzungsanordnung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14196725.7A EP3032091B1 (de) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Kraftstoffeinspritzungsanordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3032091A1 true EP3032091A1 (de) 2016-06-15
EP3032091B1 EP3032091B1 (de) 2019-03-20

Family

ID=52013923

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14196725.7A Active EP3032091B1 (de) 2014-12-08 2014-12-08 Kraftstoffeinspritzungsanordnung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3032091B1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003093668A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injection system
WO2012175800A2 (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-12-27 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Fuel injection system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003093668A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Fuel injection system
WO2012175800A2 (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-12-27 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Fuel injection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3032091B1 (de) 2019-03-20

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