EP3029659A1 - Display provided with partial optical element array, method for forming partial optical element array, and display production system - Google Patents
Display provided with partial optical element array, method for forming partial optical element array, and display production system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3029659A1 EP3029659A1 EP15734285.8A EP15734285A EP3029659A1 EP 3029659 A1 EP3029659 A1 EP 3029659A1 EP 15734285 A EP15734285 A EP 15734285A EP 3029659 A1 EP3029659 A1 EP 3029659A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical element
- element array
- partial region
- image
- shaping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00269—Fresnel lenses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00278—Lenticular sheets
- B29D11/00298—Producing lens arrays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/0074—Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
- B29D11/00855—Producing cylindrical lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B3/0031—Replication or moulding, e.g. hot embossing, UV-casting, injection moulding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/005—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0075—Arrays characterized by non-optical structures, e.g. having integrated holding or alignment means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
- G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
- G03B35/24—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using apertured or refractive resolving means on screens or between screen and eye
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
- G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
- G09F19/14—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects displaying different signs depending upon the view-point of the observer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
- B29K2995/0026—Transparent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image formation forming body that enables an optic effect by optical elements to be observed.
- the present invention more particularly relates to a display body including a partially-provided optical element array formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, the display body having an optical element array partially provided at a portion corresponding to a portion where an image is formed for producing an optic effect through interaction with the optical element array, the method for forming a partially-provided optical element, and a display body manufacturing system.
- the display body includes an integrated object formed by pasting, with adhesives, a lenticular sheet constituted of a plurality of cylindrical lens arrays or a planoconvex lens sheet constituted of a plurality of planoconvex lens arrays to a sheet having an image of designs, characters, and the like being printed thereon.
- Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent No. 5224489
- an object of the present invention is to provide a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed while enabling characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen, a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, and a display body manufacturing system.
- a display body including a partially-provided optical element array in the present invention is a display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed, wherein an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of a main body, the optical element array is formed in a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface, the optical element array has recess portions and projecting portions, and a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions.
- a display body including a partially-provided optical element array in the present invention is a display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed, wherein an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of a main body, the optical element array is formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, including: a molding step of pressing a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on the second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface; and a releasing step of releasing pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region; and further a position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface to the second partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after the image is confirmed or, when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before
- the optical element may be formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, wherein in the position adjustment step, the image is confirmed, or when the another images is formed, at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed, then the position adjustment is performed to press one the shaping surface to the second partial region and to press the other the shaping surface to the first partial region, in the molding step, a shaping surface of one the shaping member is pressed to the second partial region to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface of the one shaping member, and a shaping surface of the other the shaping member is pressed to the first partial region to mold in the first partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface of the other shaping member, and in the releasing step, pressing by the one shaping member and the other shaping member is released to form the optical element array in the second partial region and to form a irregularity portion in the first partial region.
- the optical element array may be a convex lens array, and a focal plane of the optical element array may substantially align with the first surface having the image formed thereon.
- the main body may include: a first member including the first surface; a second member including the second surface, the second member being made of a transparent material; and a support member configured to support the first member and the second member.
- the support member may support the first member and the second member in a mode that the first surface and the second surface face in opposite directions with a specified distance there between or in a mode that the first member surface faces the second member, and may support the first member and the second member with space interposed therein to prevent the first member and the second member from coming into contact with each other.
- the image may be a contraction image array constituted by repeating a plurality of contraction images, the contraction images being each formed by reducing an array-direction size of the optical element array of a virtual image produced by the optic effect.
- the image may produce a stereoscopic vision or a change image through interaction with a plurality of cylindrical lens arranged in parallel and may be a synthesized image formed by repeating a plurality of image units each made up of a plurality of strip-like images corresponding to each of the cylindrical lenses.
- the image may be a synthesized image formed by synthesizing a plurality of images by an integral photography method.
- a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array in the present invention is a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array enabling an optic effect to be partially observed, the partially-provided optical element array being formed on a display body including a main body unit, wherein an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of the main body unit, and another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed in a region other than the first partial region on the first surface, the method including: a molding step of pressing a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface; a releasing step of releasing pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region; and further a position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface to the second partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step
- a display body manufacturing system in the present invention is a display body manufacturing system for forming display bodies by forming optical element arrays on a plurality of main body units conveyed on a production line, wherein an image for producing an optic effect through interaction with each of the optical element arrays is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of each of the main bodies, the system including a plurality of processors for forming optical element arrays, each of the processors being configured to confirm the image, or when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, to confirm at least one of the another image and the image and perform position adjustment, then to press a shaping surface of a shaping member to the second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface in the second partial region, and to release pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region, wherein the optical element array formed in the second partial region has recess portions
- the shaping members of the processors may each have shaping surfaces different from each other.
- the display body including a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention can implement a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- the display body including a partially-provided optical element array formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention can implement a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention can form a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- the display body manufacturing system of the present invention can form thin display bodies which enable the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enable characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a display body of the present invention
- Figure 2 is an explanatory view of an optic effect
- Figure 3 is an explanatory view of an optic effect display region
- Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of Figure 1 taken along A-A' line.
- the display body 1 is a display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed.
- An image 13a for producing the optic effect through interaction with an array 14 of optical elements 14a, such as lenses and prisms, is formed in a first partial region 11 a on a first surface 11 of a main body unit 10.
- the optical element array is formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array including as essential steps: a molding step of pressing a shaping surface 30a (or a shaping surface 60a) of a pressurization unit 30 (or a stamp unit 60) serving as a later-described shaping member to a second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a on a second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11 to mold in the second partial region 12a a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface 30a (or the shaping surface 60a); a releasing step of releasing pressing by the pressurization unit 30 (or the stamp unit 60) to form the optical element array 14 in the second partial region 12a; and further a position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface 30a (or the shaping surface 60a) to the second partial region 12a, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after the image 13a is confirmed or, when another image, other than the image 13a formed for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than
- the display body 1 includes an optical element array 14 provided in part thereof so that the optic effect produced by this optical element can be observed only in part thereof.
- the display body 1 is constituted of the main body unit 10 formed with a transparent material.
- the optical element array 14 is formed only in an optic effect display region in which the optic effect by the optical elements is desired to be produced.
- an image produced by the optical element array 14 and the image 13a as one example of the optic effect is called "a virtual image".
- the main body unit 10 may be made of any materials as long as they are conventionally used as materials of optical elements.
- transparent resin materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PETG polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified
- acrylics acrylics
- acrylate resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins.
- the main body unit 10 may be transparent to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from the second surface 12 side, the virtual image being produced by the image 13a formed on the first surface 11.
- the images 13a and 13b are formed on the first surface 11 of the main body unit 10 by printing, transfer, engraving, etching, and the like.
- the image 13a for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array 14 is formed in the first partial region 11a.
- the image 13b which does not produce an optic effect, such as characters may be formed for example.
- An image, such as a register mark for position adjustment, a design, and a character, may be formed as another image of the present invention.
- Figure 4 illustrates an example in which the first surface 11 of the main body unit 10 includes two first partial regions 11a. Specifically, the images 13a for producing a virtual image of the eyes illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 are formed in the first partial regions 11a.
- the image 13a is similar in configuration to publicly known conventional images for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array 14.
- the image 13a may be a contraction image array constituted by repeating a plurality of contraction images 13a, the contraction images 13a being each formed by reducing an array-direction size of the optical element array of a virtual image produced by the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array.
- the image 13a may be a synthesized image formed by synthesizing a plurality of images by an integral photography method.
- the image 13a may be a synthesized image formed by producing a stereoscopic vision or a change image through interaction with a plurality of cylindrical lens serving as optical elements arranged in parallel and repeating a plurality of image units each made up of a plurality of strip-like images corresponding to each of the cylindrical lenses.
- the optical element array 14 constituted of a plurality of optical elements 14a is formed in a second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a on a second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11 of the main body unit 10.
- the optical elements 14a are, for example, cylindrical lenses, planoconvex lenses, Fresnel lenses, prism elements, and the like. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical lenses are illustrated as one example of the optical elements 14a.
- the focal plane of the optical element array 14 is preferably configured to substantially align with the first surface 11 having the image 13a formed thereon. In other words, it is preferable to constitute so that each of the optical elements 14a focuses on the image 13a.
- the display body 1 has the optical element array 14 formed thereon so as to produce the optic effect by the optical elements only in a desired part. Therefore, in regions other than the optic effect display region, the image 13b can clearly be seen.
- the optical element array 14 is formed integrally with the main body unit 10. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the display body 1 itself.
- Figures 5 to 10 are explanatory views of a system S1 for forming display bodies
- Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating processing to form a partially-provided optical element array.
- the system S1 for forming the display bodies 1 is constituted of a pressurization unit 30 as a shaping member, a position measurement camera 40, a position adjustment table 50, and a control device 20 including a computer and the like that performs control of these members, and the like.
- the pressurization unit 30 is configured to apply heat to melt or soften the main body unit 10 so that irregularities are formed on the main body unit 10.
- the pressurization unit 30 includes a shaping surface 30a.
- the shaping surface 30a has a shape inverted from the shape of a desired optical element array 14.
- the position adjustment table 50 is configured to mount and convey the main body unit 10 and to execute position adjustment.
- the main body unit 10 is mounted with the second surface 12 being positioned on the pressurization unit 30 side and the first surface 11 being positioned on the position adjustment table 50 side.
- the main body unit 10 is conveyed from a right side to a left side in the drawing.
- An photographed image of the main body unit 10 photographed by the position measurement camera 40 is captured into a camera measuring unit 23 of the control device 20. While the photographed image is analyzed to measure the position of the main body unit 10, the main body unit 10 mounted on the position adjustment table 50 is conveyed so that the first partial region 11a of the main body unit 10 is positioned below the pressurization unit 30 ( Figure 6 ). Since the main body unit 10 is formed with a transparent material, an image of the first partial region 11a can be photographed by the position measurement camera 40 placed on the second surface 12 side and be used for confirmation. In this case, position adjustment of the main body unit 10 is executed by a position adjustment controller 22 of the control device 20. The position adjustment processing is executed by using a publicly known conventional position adjustment software by the position adjustment controller 22.
- precise position adjustment of the main body unit 10 is performed by moving the position adjustment table 50 in xy directions and a rotation direction (a direction of ⁇ ) so that the image 13a formed in the first partial region 11a is positioned below the shaping surface 30a ( Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)).
- the position adjustment is equivalent to the position adjustment of the optical element array 14 to be formed.
- This position adjustment is important for implementing, with a high degree of accuracy, an optic effect produced based on relative positional relationship between the optical element array 14 and the image 13a. Therefore, it is preferable to make positioning at a desired position with the precision of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- position adjustment is performed by moving the position adjustment table 50 so that the main body unit 10 is positioned below the shaping surface 30a.
- the pressurization unit 30 may be moved in the xy directions and the rotation direction (the direction of ⁇ ) so that the shaping surface 30a is positioned above the first partial region 11a of the main body unit 10.
- the pressurization unit 30 is moved downward by a drive controller 21 of the control device 20, and the shaping surface 30a is pressed to the second partial region 12a on the second surface 12 corresponding to the first partial region 11a in the main body unit 10 ( Figure 7 ).
- heat is applied by the pressurization unit 30.
- a reversal shape of the structure of the shaping surface 30a is molded in the second partial region 12a ( Figures 7 and 11 (STEP2: molding step)).
- heated portions melted or softened by application of heat are solidified and molded.
- heating time may be about 2 seconds or less for example. Since such partial heating is performed, the heated portions may be cooled and solidified in short time. Therefore, it becomes possible to enhance productivity, as well as to perform highly precise molding by swift solidification.
- the pressurization unit 30 is moved upward by the drive controller 21, and the state of the shaping surface 30a being pressed to the main body unit 10 is released ( Figures 8 and 11 (STEP3: releasing step)).
- the optical element array 14 can be formed in the second partial region 12a of the main body unit 10.
- the pressurization unit 30 is moved downward by the drive controller 21, and the shaping surface 30a is pressed to the second partial region 12a on the second surface 12 corresponding to the first partial region 11a in the main body unit 10 ( Figure 10 ).
- heat is applied by the pressurization unit 30.
- the reversal shape of the structure of the shaping surface 30a is molded in the second partial region 12a ( Figures 10 and 11 (STEP2: molding step)).
- the heated portions melted or softened by heat application are solidified and formed.
- the pressurization unit 30 is moved upward by the drive controller 21, and the state of the shaping surface 30a being pressed to the main body unit 10 is released ( Figure 11 (STEP3: releasing step)).
- the optical element array 14 can be formed in the second partial region 12a of the main body unit 10.
- the display body 1 including a partially-provided optical element array can be formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array having the procedures described above.
- the pressurization unit 30 is provided with the shaping surface 30a and is used as a shaping member.
- a stamp unit including a shaping surface may be fixedly provided on the side of the table for mounting the main body unit 10, and the stamp unit may be made to function as a shaping member.
- FIGS 12A, 12B , and Figures 13 to 15 are explanatory views of a system S2 for forming display bodies.
- the formation processing step of the partially-provided optical element array is as illustrated in Figure 11 .
- the system S2 is constituted of a position adjustment table 51, a pressurization unit 31, a position measurement camera 40, a stamp unit 60 as a shaping member including a shaping surface 60a, and a control device 20 including a computer and the like that performs control of these members, and the like.
- Figure 12B is a schematic plan view of Figure 12A as viewed in a white arrow direction.
- the position adjustment table 51, the stamp unit 60 and its shaping surface 60a, and the main body unit 10 are illustrated, and other component members are omitted.
- a pressing surface of the pressurization unit 31 is flat. Except for the configuration of the shaping surface, the pressurization unit 31 has substantially the same functions as those of the aforementioned pressurization unit 30.
- the position adjustment table 51 is configured to mount and convey the main body unit 10 and to execute position adjustment.
- the main body unit 10 is mounted with the first surface 11 being positioned on the pressurization unit 31 side and the second surfaces 12 being positioned on the position adjustment table 51 side.
- the main body unit 10 is conveyed from a right side to a left side in the drawing.
- the stamp unit 60 including the shaping surface 60a is provided on the position adjustment table 51 side.
- the stamp unit 60 is positioned below the pressurization unit 31, with the shaping surface 60a being positioned so as to face the pressing surface of the pressurization unit 31.
- the shaping surface 60a has a shape inverted from the shape of a desired optical element array 14.
- the other configuration elements and functions of the position adjustment table 51 are similar to those of the position adjustment table 50 in the system S1 described before.
- the configuration and function of the position measurement camera 40 and the control device 20 are similar to those in the system S1 described before.
- the method for controlling position adjustment is also similar to that in the system S1 described before.
- the position adjustment of the main body unit 10 is executed by the control device 20, the position measurement camera 40, and the position adjustment table 51 so that the image 13a formed in the first partial region 11a is positioned below the pressurization unit 31 and above the shaping surface 60a of the engraving unit 60 ( Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)).
- the pressurization unit 31 is moved downward by the drive controller 21 of the control device 20, and the pressurization unit 31 is pressed against the first partial region of the main body unit 10 so that the shaping surface 60a is pressed to the second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a in the main body unit 10 ( Figure 13 ).
- heat is applied by the pressurization unit 31.
- the reversal shape of the structure of the shaping surface 60a is molded in the second partial region 12a ( Figures 13 and 11 (STEP2: molding step)).
- heating time may be about 2 seconds or less.
- Heat is applied from the first surface 11 side of the main body unit 10.
- the heating time is dependent on the thickness of the main body unit 10
- molding can be performed in short heating time (for example, about 2 seconds or less) if the thickness of the main body unit 10 is about several millimeters. Since such partial heat application is performed, the heated portions may be cooled and solidified in short time. Therefore, it becomes possible to enhance productivity, as well as to perform highly precise molding by swift solidification.
- the pressurization unit 31 is moved upward by the drive controller 21, and the state of the shaping surface 60a being pressed to the main body unit is released ( Figure 11 (STEP3: releasing step)).
- the optical element array 14 can be formed in the second partial region 12a of the main body unit 10.
- the step described above is repeated.
- the main body unit 10 is conveyed again ( Figure 14 ).
- position adjustment by the control device 20, the position measurement camera 40, and the position adjustment table 51 are performed.
- the image 13a formed in the first partial region 11a is positioned below the pressurization unit 31 and above the shaping surface 60a of the stamp unit 60 ( Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)).
- the pressurization unit 31 is moved downward by the drive controller 21, and the pressurization unit 31 is pressed against the first partial region of the main body unit 10, so that the shaping surface 60a is pressed to the second partial region 12a of the second surface 12 corresponding to the first partial region 11a in the main body unit 10 ( Figure 15 ).
- heat is applied by the pressurization unit 31.
- the reversal shape of the structure of the shaping surface 60a is molded in the second partial region 12a ( Figures 15 and 11 (STEP2: molding step)).
- the pressurization unit 31 is moved upward by the drive controller 21, and the state of the shaping surface 60a being pressed to the main body unit 10 is released ( Figure 11 (STEP3: releasing step)).
- the optical element array 14 can be formed in the second partial region 12a of the main body unit 10.
- the display body 1 including a partially-provided optical element array can be formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array having the procedures described above.
- Figures 16A and 16B are enlarged perspective views of a main part of the shaping member.
- Figure 16A is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the pressurization unit 30 serving as a shaping member used in the system S1.
- Figure 16B is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the stamp unit 60, which serves as a shaping member used in the system S2, and the vicinity thereof.
- a reversal shape of irregularities of cylindrical lenses is molded on the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a as one example of the optical element 14a.
- a cylindrical lens array as the optical element array 14 is formed in the second partial region of the main body unit 10, by which the display body 1 is formed.
- the optical member region i.e., the second partial region
- the optical member region may be formed into various shapes by properly changing the shape of the shaping surface 30a of the pressurization unit 30 or the shaping surface 60a of the stamp unit 60.
- Various shapes such as circle and triangle, can be taken.
- the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a are formed into an oval shape as illustrated in Figures 16A and 16B , their shapes can be matched with the oval shape of human eyes as illustrated in Figure 1 and other drawings.
- a depth D of recess portions of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a is equivalent to a height D ( Figure 4 ) of projecting portions of the cylindrical lenses 14a which constitute a reversal shape of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a.
- Figure 17(A) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit 30 having a shaping surface 30a with a shallower recess structure
- Figure 17(B) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit 30 having a shaping surface 30a with a deeper recess structure.
- the focal plane of the optical element array 14 is preferably configured to substantially align with the first surface 11. Specifically, it is preferable to set the depth D of the recess portions of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a so that the optical element 14a focuses on the image 13a.
- the pressurization unit 30 is used as the shaping member in the illustrated example, the stamp unit 60 may be used in a similar way.
- optical elements which can be formed in the second partial region 12a of the main body unit 10 are not limited to cylindrical lenses.
- Various optical element arrays 14 can be formed in the main body unit 10 if the reversal shapes of irregular shapes, which are desired to be formed in the second partial region 12a, are formed on the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a.
- Figure 17(C) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit 30 having a shaping surface 30a with a reversal shape of a planoconvex lens array formed thereon
- Figure 17(D) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit 30 having a shaping surface 30a with a reversal shape of a Fresnel lens array formed thereon
- Figure 17(E) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit 30 having a shaping surface 30a with a reversal shape of a prism element array formed thereon.
- the planoconvex lens array of Figure 17(C) includes, for example, a square array ( Figure 18 (C1)) and a honeycomb array ( Figure 18 (C2)).
- the Fresnel lens array of Figure 17(D) includes, for example, a square array ( Figure 18(D1) ) and a honeycomb array ( Figure 18(D2) ).
- the Fresnel lens array of Figure 17(D) may include an array of linear Fresnel lenses made by forming circular arc portions of the cylindrical lenses into a Fresnel shape ( Figure 18(D3) ). In such linear Fresnel lenses, a plurality of grooves of individual linear Fresnel lenses are linearly formed in parallel with each other, so that light is advantageously collected on a straight line.
- the pressurization unit 30 is used as the shaping member in the examples illustrated in Figures 17 and 18
- the stamp unit 60 may also be used in a similar way. More specifically, desired irregularities can be formed on the shaping surface 60a of the stamp unit 60, such as the reversal shape of a planoconvex lens array (such as a square array ( Figure 18(C1) ) and a honeycomb array ( Figure 18(C2) )), the reversal shape of a Fresnel lens array (such as a square array ( Figure 18(D1) ) and a honeycomb array ( Figure 18(D2) ), a linear Fresnel lens array ( Figure 18(D3) )) and the reversal shapes of a prism element array.
- a planoconvex lens array such as a square array ( Figure 18(C1) ) and a honeycomb array ( Figure 18(C2)
- a Fresnel lens array such as a square array ( Figure 18(D1) ) and a honeycomb array
- Figure 19A is a plan view of a display body 1A
- Figure 19B is a side view of the display body 1A.
- an optical element array 14 is formed in the second partial region 12a of the display body 1A illustrated by a broken line.
- the optical element array 14 in Figures 19A and 19B is constituted of optical elements 14a formed by a plurality of convex lens, the optical elements 14a being radially arranged in a circle around a point C at pitch angles of ⁇ LENS .
- a non-formation portion 14b having no optical element formed thereon is provided in the center of the optical elements 14a arranged in a circle.
- Figure 20A is a plan view of a display body 1B
- Figure 20B is a side view of the display body 1B.
- an optical element array 14 is formed in the second partial region 12a of the display body 1B illustrated by a broken line. While the display body 1A is configured to have the optical elements 14a arranged all over the second partial region 12a, the display body 1B represents an example in which the optical elements 14a are radially arrayed in another mode.
- the optical element array 14 in the display body 1B is constituted of optical elements 14a formed with a plurality of convex lens, the optical elements 14a being radially arranged around a point C at pitch angles of 6 LENS .
- a non-formation portion 14b having no optical element formed thereon is provided in the center of the optical elements 14a which are arranged in a circle.
- a space 14c is interposed in between projecting portions of the convex lenses.
- the radial optical element array constituted of radially arranged optical elements can be formed into a desired size at a desired position relatively easily.
- the non-formation portions 14b of the display bodies 1A and 1B may be planarized, may be in such shapes as a protruding shape, a recess shape, a corrugated shape, and a slope shape, or may be a through hole.
- Figure 21 is a plan view of a display body 1C.
- the display body 1C has two second partial regions 12a.
- Convex lenses formed as optical elements in each of the second partial regions 12a are illustrated in black.
- a plurality of dot-like convex lenses and honeycomb-like convex lenses are arrayed.
- Optical element arrays of such configuration may also be formed.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a display body 1D.
- the second partial regions 12a(1) to 12a(6) of the display body 1D are illustrated by broken lines.
- Cylindrical lens arrays are each formed in the second partial regions 12a(1) to 12(4) of the display body 1D, a planoconvex lens array is formed in the second partial region 12a(5), and a radial array of convex lenses is formed in the second partial region 12a(6).
- the cylindrical lens array formed in the second partial region 12a(1) is different in direction from the cylindrical lens arrays formed in the second partial regions 12a(2) to 12a(4).
- the cylindrical lens array formed in the second partial region 12a(4) is different in direction from the cylindrical lens arrays formed in the second partial regions 12a(1) to 12a(3).
- optical element arrays different in kind may be formed in the plurality of the second partial regions 12a integrally with the main body unit 10.
- the display body described in the foregoing it becomes possible to implement a display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- the optical element array 14 can be formed integrally with the main body unit 10, the display body itself can be made thin.
- the optical element arrays described before are merely exemplary and are not restrictive. Any reversal shape of the optical element arrays having irregularities may be formed on the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a regardless of their shapes.
- Optical element arrays of desired shapes may be formed in the second partial regions 12a of the display body. Efficient formation of the optical element arrays can be implemented by preparing a plurality of pressurization units 30 and stamp units 60, whose shaping surfaces have different irregular shapes to enable the units to be detached from the systems S1 and S2 and be replaced.
- the main body unit 10 is used as one member, and the images 13a and 13b are formed on one surface (the first surface 11) of the main body unit 10, and the optical element array 14 is formed on the other surface (the second surface 12).
- the display body of the present invention is not limited to such configuration.
- the main body may be constituted of a first member including a first surface 11, a second member including a second surface 12, and a support member configured to support the first member and the second member.
- the first member and the second member may be made of any materials as long as they are conventionally used as materials of optical elements.
- transparent resin materials may be used, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PETG polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified
- acrylics acrylics
- acrylate resins acrylate resins.
- the first member and the second member may be transparent to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from the second surface 12 side, the virtual image being produced by the image 13a formed on the first surface 11.
- Figure 23A is a cross sectional view of a main body unit 10E.
- Figure 23B is a cross sectional view of the display body 1E constituted by a main body unit 10E.
- the main body unit 10E has a first member 17 including a first surface 11, and a second member 18 including a second surface 12, the first member 17 and the second member 18 being arranged with a space h interposed therebetween.
- a support member 20 provided at both ends of the main body unit 10E, the first member 17 and the second member 18 are supported in a mode that the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 face in opposite directions with a specified distance L therebetween.
- the display body 1E including a partially-provided optical element array illustrated in Figure 23B is formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S1 or system S2 described before.
- the first member 17 and the second member 18 are supported in the mode that the first surface 11 and second surface 12 face in opposite directions.
- the first member 17 may be supported in such a mode that the first surface 11 faces inside.
- Figure 24 is a cross sectional view of a display body 1F constituted by a main body unit 10F.
- the main body unit 10F has a first member 17 including a first surface 11, and a second member 18 including a second surface 12, the first member 17 and the second member 18 being arranged with a space h interposed therebetween.
- a support member 20 provided at both ends of the main body unit 10F, the first member 17 and the second member 18 are supported with the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 with a specified distance L therebetween.
- the first member 17 and the second member 18 are supported while the first surface 11 of the first member 17 faces inside.
- the second member 18 may be made of any materials as long as they are conventionally used as materials of optical elements.
- transparent resin materials may be used, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PETG polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified
- acrylics acrylics
- acrylate resins acrylate resins.
- the second member 18 may be transparent to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from the second surface 12 side, the virtual image being produced by the image 13a formed on the first surface 11.
- the first member 17 may be an opaque sheet, a wooden board, a film, metal, and the like.
- the lenses are preferably configured to focus on the image 13a.
- a depth D of the recess portions of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a, a distance L between the first surface 11 and the second surface 12, and a space h between the first member 17 and the second member 18 are set so that the focus of the optical element 14a is on the image 13a.
- the first member 17 and the second member 18 are arranged with the space h interposed therebetween so that they are not in contact with each other. However, the first member 17 and the second member 18 may be in contact with each other by setting the space h to 0 (zero).
- the first member 17 and the second member 18 may be configured to be relatively movable.
- Figure 25A is a developed explanatory view of a display body 1G
- Figure 25B is a side view of the display body 1G.
- a second member 18 and a first member 17 are supported by a support member 20 so that they are independently rotatable around their respective centers 17a and 18a.
- the support member 20 is constituted of a shaft 20a and a fastener 20b.
- the second member 18 and the first member 17 may face each other with a specified distance therebetween and be supported with a space therebetween so as to prevent the second member 18 and the first member 17 from coming into contact with each other.
- the second member 18 and the first member 17 may be in contact with each other as long as they are rotationally slidable.
- the second member 18 and the first member 17 may maintain transparency to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from the optical element array 14 side of the second member 18, the virtual image being produced by the image 13a on the first member 17, and may be laminated in contact or not in contact with each other.
- the optical element array 14 is formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S1 or the system S2 described before. Specifically, the optical element array 14 is formed in the second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a of the first member 17 wherein the image 13a is formed.
- the second member is rotatably supported while the second surface 12 faces inside.
- the first member 17 and the second member 18 may be supported in a mode that the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 face in opposite directions.
- the optical element array 14 When the optical element array 14 is formed according to the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S1 or the system S2, position adjustment is important for forming the optical element array 14 at a position corresponding to the image 13a. Accordingly, formation processing of a partially-provided optical element array, including a position adjustment step, a molding step, and a releasing step ( Figure 11 : STEP1 through STEP3) may be executed while the first member 17 and the second member 18 are fixedly supported so that they cannot rotate, and after the optical element array 14 is formed, a rotatable support member 20 may be provided.
- a member for fixedly supporting the first member 17 and the second member 18, and the rotatable support member 20 are preferably the members which can support the first member 17 and the second member 18 in parallel. These support members may pinch the peripheries of the first member 17 and the second member 18 at several locations, or may fix the first member 17 and the second member 18 at center positions 17a and 18a.
- An irregularity portion may also be formed on the first surface 11.
- the shaping surface 30a of the pressurization unit 30 as one shaping member is pressed to the second partial region 12a to mold the reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface 30a in the second partial region 12a
- the shaping surface 60a of the stamp unit 60 as another shaping member is pressed to the first partial region 11a to mold the reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface 60a in the first partial region 11a.
- pressing by the pressurization unit 30 and the stamp unit 60 is released to form the optical element array 14 in the second partial region 12a and to form an irregularity portion in the first partial region 11a.
- FIG 26A is an explanatory view of a system S3 for forming display bodies.
- the processing steps are similar to those in Figure 11 .
- the system S3 includes a pressurization unit 30 as one shaping member and a stamp unit 60 as another shaping member.
- the pressurization unit 30 is similar to the pressurization unit 30 of the system S1
- the stamp unit 60 is similar to the stamp unit 60 of the system S2.
- the reversal shape of an uneven shape which is desired to be formed in the second partial region 12a on the second surface 12 is structured on the shaping surface 30a of the pressurization unit 30.
- the reversal shape of an uneven shape which is desired to be formed in the first partial region 11 a on the first surface 11 is structured on the shaping surface 60a of the stamp unit 60.
- the system S3 is constituted of a position adjustment table 50, a pressurization unit 30, a position measurement camera 40, and a control device 20 including a computer and the like that performs control of these members, and the like. Since the configuration of each of the members is similar to that of the systems S1 and S2, a description thereof is omitted.
- a main body unit 10H is mounted, with a first surface 11 thereof being positioned on the position adjustment table 50 side. Then, position adjustment by the control device 20 and the position measurement camera 40 is executed in the similar procedures described in the systems S1 and S2.
- the first partial region 11a of the main body unit 10H is positioned below the pressurization unit 30, the pressurization unit 30 is moved downward by the drive controller 21 of the control device 20, and the shaping surface 30a is pressed to the second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11 a on the first surface 11 of the main body unit 10H.
- the shaping surface 60a is pressed to the first partial region 11a on the first surface 11.
- FIG. 26B is a cross sectional view of the finished display body 1H.
- Figure 26C is a cross sectional view of a display body 1K.
- the display body 1K is constituted of a first member 17, a second member 18, and a support member 20.
- the shaping surface 60a is pressed to the first partial region 11a on the first surface 11 of the main body unit 10K, while at the same time, the shaping surface 30a is pressed to the second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a of the first surface 11.
- the reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface 60a is formed in the first partial region 11 a
- the reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface 30a is formed in the second partial regions 12a on the second surfaces 12.
- An irregularity portion 11b can also be formed in the first partial region 11 a on the first surface 11 as in the display bodies 1H and 1K described before.
- Figure 27 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part of the optical element array formed in the second partial region on the second surface of the main body unit.
- the optical element array formed in the second partial region of the main body unit by the method performed by the system S1 through system S3 described above has recess portions and projecting portions.
- a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions.
- Figure 27 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part of an optical element array which is formed from planoconvex lenses as one example.
- the non-formation surface 12c where the optical element array 14 is not formed is at the same level as an original height of the second partial region before the shaping surface is pressed thereon to form the optical element array 14.
- the non-formation surface 12c is positioned between the lowest part 14d of the recess portions and the highest part 14e of the protruding portions of the optical element array 14.
- a difference in height between the lowest part 14d of the recess portions of the optical element array 14 and the non-formation surface 12c is d1
- a difference in height between the highest part 14e of the protruding portions of the optical element array 14 and the non-formation surface 12c is d2.
- irregularities of the optical element array 14 formed in the present invention have shapes formed by arbitrary distances from the non-formation surface 12c that is at the original height.
- the irregularity portion 11b is also formed in the first partial region 11a on the first surface 11 as in the case of the display bodies 1H and 1K ( Figure 26A through Figure 26C ). More specifically, the non-formation surface of the first surface where the irregularity portion 11b is not formed is configured to be positioned between the lowest part of the recess portions and the highest part of the protruding portions in the irregularity portion 11b.
- a test was performed by pressing the shaping surface of the shaping member to the second surface of the main body unit made by a transparent material to mold the reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface in the second partial region on the second surface of the main body unit, and measuring the shape of a formed optical element array.
- the optical element array was formed as a honeycomb array constituted of planoconvex lenses illustrated in Figure 18(C2) .
- Figure 28A is an expanded view of a photographed image of a main part of the formed optical element array
- Figure 28B is a measurement graph of the height of optical element array.
- a Y axis of the measurement graph represents a height ( ⁇ m) of the photographed image I of Figure 28A obtained when the photographed image I was scanned along a line S.
- An X axis represents a horizontal distance ( ⁇ m) along the line S from a point P(s) (expressed as a black dot).
- a laser beam microscope VK8700 by KEYENCE CORP. was used for photographing and measurement.
- a substantially linear portion T (12c) is equivalent to the non-formation surface 12c.
- a point P(14d) (expressed as a white rhombus) represents a position of the lowest part 14d of the recess portions of the optical element array 14, and the point P(14e) (expressed as a white triangle) represents a position of the highest part 14e of the protruding portions of the optical element array 14.
- a difference in height between the point P(14d) and the straight line portion T(12c) was measured as a distance d1
- a difference in height between the point P(14e) and the straight line portion T(12c) was measured as a distance d2.
- the measuring results are as follows. Distance d1 30 ⁇ m
- Figures 29(A) and 29(B) illustrate examples of the display body.
- Figure 29(A) represents an example of a pamphlet
- Figure 29(B) represents an example of a card. It becomes possible to partially form optical element arrays only in the portions (the second partial regions 12a) where an optic effect by optical elements is desired to be observed, and to observe the optic effect only in the regions (inside the regions encircled by broken lines in Figure 29 ). Furthermore, it becomes possible to clearly display characters and the likes placed in portions other than the portions where the optic effect is desired to be observed (portions other than the second partial regions 12a). Since the optical element arrays 14 can be formed integrally with the main body unit 10, thinner pamphlets and cards can be created.
- the present invention it is essential for the present invention to form at least a portion of the main body unit, from the second surface to an image on the first surface, with transparent materials such as resin and air.
- the second surface of the main body unit may be coated with thermoformable resin of a specified thickness (for example, 0.001mm to 0.1mm), and the thermoformable resin may be molded to form an optical element array.
- the image formed on the first surface may be confirmed from the first surface or the second surface side.
- the image 13a may be confirmed from one of the first surface and the second surface in the position adjustment processing.
- position adjustment may be executed on the basis of the position adjustment image.
- the image 13b such as a register mark, a design, and a character, can be used as a position adjustment image (another image of the present invention).
- the position adjustment controller 22 acquires a distance from the position adjustment image to the first partial region in advance, photographs the position adjustment image with the position measurement camera 40, and performs position adjustment processing. In the position adjustment processing, at least one of the image 13a formed in the first partial region and the position adjustment image in a portion other than the first partial region may be confirmed, before position adjustment is executed
- the pressurization units 30 and 31 in the systems S1 through S3 of the present embodiment devices such as heating devices, ultrasonic vibration devices, UV curable resin, ultraviolet light (electromagnetic wave) irradiation devices, or combinations thereof may be used for example. More preferably, the pressurization units 30 and 31 are constituted by the ultrasonic vibration devices. Any ultrasonic vibration device used for ultrasonic welding and the like may be used. The ultrasonic vibration device to be used may have vibration and heating performance to the degree that irregularities can be formed in the main body unit 10. High-frequency vibration devices may also be used. A vibration frequency is determined corresponding to the materials of the main body unit, the first member and the second member, irregularities to be formed, and the like. For example, a frequency band of about 18 kHz to 25 kHz is preferable. In the present embodiment, a vibration device that vibrates in a frequency band of 18.85 kHz to 19.45 kHz is used.
- optical element array formation line system LS1 A description is given of the case where the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention is applied to an optical element array formation system as one example of a display body manufacturing system, which is configured to form optical element arrays while conveying a plurality of main body units which are formed into display bodies.
- the optical element array formation line system LS1 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of processors.
- Figure 30 is an external structure view of the optical element array formation line system LS 1.
- An image 13a for producing an optic effect through interaction with each of the optical element arrays 14 is formed in a first partial region 11 a of a first surface 11 of each of the plurality of main body units 10 conveyed on a production line.
- the system includes processors 101A and 101B for forming optical element arrays, each of the processors being configured to confirm the image 13a, or when another image, other than the image 13a for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region 11a, to confirm at least one of the another image and the image 13a and perform position adjustment, then to press a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a, to mold a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface in the second partial region 12a, and to release pressing by the shaping member to form an optical element array in the second partial region 12a, wherein the optical element array 14 formed in the second partial region 12a has recess portions and protruding portions, a non-formation surface 12c
- the optical element array formation system LS1 is constituted of the processors 101A and 101B including at least one system (hereinafter referred to as "system S") out of the aforementioned systems S1 through S3, and a system controller 103 as a controller for executing operation monitoring and engineering of the optical element array formation system LS2 via a bus B.
- the system controller 103 delivers and receives information via the computer (not illustrated) and the bus B in the control device 20 included in the system S inside the processor 101.
- FIG. 30 For easier understanding, detailed illustration of the system S included in the processors 101A and 101B is omitted in Figure 30 .
- the component members of the system S (for example, a control device 20, a drive controller 21, a position adjustment controller 22, a position adjustment table 50 (or 51), and the like) are similar to those used in description of the aforementioned system S (for example, Figures 5 through 16B , Figure 26 , or other drawings).
- the plurality of main body units 10 are supplied one by one to the optical element array formation system LS 1.
- the supplied main body units 10 are conveyed on the production line L in an arrow direction in the drawing.
- the conveyed main body units 10 are first subjected to first processing by the processor 101A for forming optical element arrays.
- Position adjustment and formation of optical element arrays in the processor 101A are executed by the system S included in the processor 101A.
- second processing is executed in the processor 101B.
- Position adjustment and formation of optical element arrays in the processor 101B are executed by the system S included in the processor 101B.
- a plurality of shaping members provided in each of the processors may be configured to have the same shaping surfaces, or may be configured to have shaping surfaces different from each other.
- the optical element arrays may be fabricated at the same position in the second partial region of the main body unit 10, or may be fabricated at different positions in the second partial region. When there are two or more second partial regions, the optical element arrays may be fabricated in each of the second partial regions.
- the shaping surface of the shaping member in the system S included in the processor 101A and the shaping surface of the shaping member in the system S included in the processor 101B are configured to be different in shape from each other, and they are used at the same position in the second partial region of the main body unit 10.
- Figures 31A and 31B illustrate an example in which optical element arrays are formed in the case where the processors 101A and 101B use shaping members whose shaping surfaces are different in shape from each other.
- Figure 31A is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part after the first processing is performed by the processor 101A
- Figure 31B is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part after the second processing is performed by the processor 101B.
- an image 13a for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region 11 a on a first surface 11 of a main body, and that the optical element array 14 is formed in a second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region 11a on a second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11.
- the first partial region 11a and the second partial region 12a may be different in size.
- the present invention is also applicable to the case where the first partial region 11a and the second partial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region are different in size as illustrated in Figure 32 .
- the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
- the present invention may widely be applied to a thin display body which enables an optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an image formation forming body that enables an optic effect by optical elements to be observed. The present invention more particularly relates to a display body including a partially-provided optical element array formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, the display body having an optical element array partially provided at a portion corresponding to a portion where an image is formed for producing an optic effect through interaction with the optical element array, the method for forming a partially-provided optical element, and a display body manufacturing system.
- There is a display technique enabling virtual images to be observed by using eyesight of observers, the virtual images including variable images, such as moving and changing images, videos, or stereoscopic images (Patent Literature 1). Examples of the display body include an integrated object formed by pasting, with adhesives, a lenticular sheet constituted of a plurality of cylindrical lens arrays or a planoconvex lens sheet constituted of a plurality of planoconvex lens arrays to a sheet having an image of designs, characters, and the like being printed thereon.
- Patent Literature
- Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No.
5224489 - Generally, there are demands for displaying on such a display body not only variable images or stereoscopic images but also characters and the like together with these images. However, in the display body according to the conventional technology, the lens sheet is provided over the entire surface. This makes it difficult to see characters and the like since a portion which does not include variable images or stereoscopic images contains unnecessary noise as the portion is viewed through the optical elements. In a method of pasting each of lens sheets only to portions where variable images or stereoscopic images are displayed, the display body itself becomes thick.
- In view of the above-stated problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed while enabling characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen, a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, and a display body manufacturing system.
- A display body including a partially-provided optical element array in the present invention is a display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed, wherein an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of a main body, the optical element array is formed in a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface, the optical element array has recess portions and projecting portions, and a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions.
- A display body including a partially-provided optical element array in the present invention is a display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed, wherein an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of a main body, the optical element array is formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, including: a molding step of pressing a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on the second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface; and a releasing step of releasing pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region; and further a position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface to the second partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after the image is confirmed or, when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed, the optical element array formed on the second partial region has recess portions and projecting portions, and a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions.
- The optical element may be formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, wherein in the position adjustment step, the image is confirmed, or when the another images is formed, at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed, then the position adjustment is performed to press one the shaping surface to the second partial region and to press the other the shaping surface to the first partial region, in the molding step, a shaping surface of one the shaping member is pressed to the second partial region to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface of the one shaping member, and a shaping surface of the other the shaping member is pressed to the first partial region to mold in the first partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface of the other shaping member, and in the releasing step, pressing by the one shaping member and the other shaping member is released to form the optical element array in the second partial region and to form a irregularity portion in the first partial region.
- The optical element array may be a convex lens array, and a focal plane of the optical element array may substantially align with the first surface having the image formed thereon.
- The main body may include: a first member including the first surface; a second member including the second surface, the second member being made of a transparent material; and a support member configured to support the first member and the second member.
- The support member may support the first member and the second member in a mode that the first surface and the second surface face in opposite directions with a specified distance there between or in a mode that the first member surface faces the second member, and may support the first member and the second member with space interposed therein to prevent the first member and the second member from coming into contact with each other.
- The image may be a contraction image array constituted by repeating a plurality of contraction images, the contraction images being each formed by reducing an array-direction size of the optical element array of a virtual image produced by the optic effect.
- The image may produce a stereoscopic vision or a change image through interaction with a plurality of cylindrical lens arranged in parallel and may be a synthesized image formed by repeating a plurality of image units each made up of a plurality of strip-like images corresponding to each of the cylindrical lenses.
- The image may be a synthesized image formed by synthesizing a plurality of images by an integral photography method.
- A method for forming a partially-provided optical element array in the present invention is a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array enabling an optic effect to be partially observed, the partially-provided optical element array being formed on a display body including a main body unit, wherein an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of the main body unit, and another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed in a region other than the first partial region on the first surface, the method including: a molding step of pressing a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface; a releasing step of releasing pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region; and further a position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface to the second partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after the image is confirmed or, when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed.
- A display body manufacturing system in the present invention is a display body manufacturing system for forming display bodies by forming optical element arrays on a plurality of main body units conveyed on a production line, wherein an image for producing an optic effect through interaction with each of the optical element arrays is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of each of the main bodies, the system including a plurality of processors for forming optical element arrays, each of the processors being configured to confirm the image, or when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, to confirm at least one of the another image and the image and perform position adjustment, then to press a shaping surface of a shaping member to the second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface in the second partial region, and to release pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region, wherein the optical element array formed in the second partial region has recess portions and projecting portions, a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the protruding portions, and the plurality of processors sequentially perform optical element array forming processing on the conveyed main body
- The shaping members of the processors may each have shaping surfaces different from each other.
- The display body including a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention can implement a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- The display body including a partially-provided optical element array formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention can implement a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- The method for forming a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention can form a thin display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
- The display body manufacturing system of the present invention can form thin display bodies which enable the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enable characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
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Figure 1] Figure 1 is a plan view of a display body of the present invention. - [
Figure 2] Figure 2 is an explanatory view of an optic effect. - [
Figure 3] Figure 3 is an explanatory view of an optic effect display region. - [
Figure 4] Figure 4 is a cross sectional view ofFigure 1 taken along A-A' line. - [
Figure 5] Figure 5 is an explanatory view of a system S1. - [
Figure 6] Figure 6 is an explanatory view of the system S1. - [
Figure 7] Figure 7 is an explanatory view of the system S1. - [
Figure 8] Figure 8 is an explanatory view of the system S1. - [
Figure 9] Figure 9 is an explanatory view of the system S1. - [
Figure 10] Figure 10 is an explanatory view of the system S1. - [
Figure 11] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating processing to form a partially-provided optical element array. - [
Figure 12A] Figure 12A is an explanatory view of a system S2. - [
Figure 12B] Figure 12B is a schematic plan view ofFigure 12A as viewed in a white arrow direction. - [
Figure 13] Figure 13 is an explanatory view of the system S2. - [
Figure 14] Figure 14 is an explanatory view of the system S2. - [
Figure 15] Figure 15 is an explanatory view of the system S2. - [
Figure 16A] Figure 16A is an enlarged view of a main part of a pressurization unit serving as a shaping member used in the system S1. - [
Figure 16B] Figure 16B is an enlarged view of a main part of a stamp unit serving as a shaping member used in the system S2 and the vicinity thereof. - [
Figures 17] Figure 17(A) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit having a shaping surface with a shallower recess structure, -
Figure 17(B) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit having a shaping surface with a deeper recess structure,Figure 17(C) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit having a shaping surface with a reversal shape of a planoconvex lens array formed thereon, -
Figure 17(D) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit having a shaping surface with a reversal shape of a Fresnel lens array formed thereon,Figure 17(E) is an enlarged view of a main part of the pressurization unit having a shaping surface with a reversal shape of a prism element array formed thereon. - [
Figures 18] Figures 18(C1) and 18(C2) illustrate examples of a planoconvex lens array,Figures 18(D1) and 18(D2) illustrate examples of a Fresnel lens array, andFigure 18(D3) illustrates an example of a linear Fresnel lens array. - [
Figure 19A] Figure 19A is a plan view of adisplay body 1A. - [
Figure 19B] Figure 19B is a side view of thedisplay body 1A. - [
Figure 20A] Figure 20A is a plan view of thedisplay body 1B. - [
Figure 20B] Figure 20B is a side view of thedisplay body 1B. - [
Figure 21] Figure 21 is a plan view of adisplay body 1C. - [
Figure 22] Figure 22 is a perspective view of adisplay body 1D. - [
Figure 23A] Figure 23A is a cross sectional view of amain body unit 10E. - [
Figure 23B] Figure 23B is a cross sectional view of thedisplay body 1E. - [
Figure 24] Figure 24 is a cross sectional view of thedisplay body 1F. - [
Figure 25A] Figure 25A is a developed explanatory view of adisplay body 1G. - [
Figure 25B] Figure 25B is a side view of thedisplay body 1G. - [
Figure 26A] Figure 26A is an explanatory view of a system S3. - [
Figure 26B] Figure 26B is a cross sectional view of adisplay body 1H. - [
Figure 26C] Figure 26C is a cross sectional view of adisplay body 1K. - [
Figure 27] Figure 27 is an expanded sectional view of a main part of an optical element array. - [
Figure 28A] Figure 28A is an expanded view of a photographed image of a main part of the optical element array. - [
Figure 28B] Figure 28B is a measurement graph of the height of the optical element array. - [
Figure 29] Figure 29 is an example of a display body. - [
Figure 30] Figure 30 is an external structure view of an optical element arrayformation system LS 1. - [
Figure 31A] Figure 31A is an expanded sectional view of a main part of the optical element array after first processing. - [
Figure 31B] Figure 31B is an expanded sectional view of a main part of the optical element array after second processing. - [
Figure 32] Figure 32 is a cross sectional view illustrating one example of the display body of the present invention. - Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described hereinafter are merely illustrative and are not intended to exclude various modifications and application of technologies which are not expressed hereinafter. That is, various modifications (such as combining each embodiment) of the present invention can be implemented as long as the effects of the invention are demonstrated. In the following description of the drawings, like or similar component members are designated by like or similar reference numerals. The drawings are exemplary and are not necessarily representative of actual sizes, ratios, and the like. The drawings may include portions different in size and ratio from each other.
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Figure 1 is a plan view of a display body of the present invention,Figure 2 is an explanatory view of an optic effect,Figure 3 is an explanatory view of an optic effect display region, andFigure 4 is a cross sectional view ofFigure 1 taken along A-A' line. - The
display body 1 according to the present embodiment is a display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed. Animage 13a for producing the optic effect through interaction with anarray 14 ofoptical elements 14a, such as lenses and prisms, is formed in a firstpartial region 11 a on afirst surface 11 of amain body unit 10. The optical element array is formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array including as essential steps: a molding step of pressing ashaping surface 30a (or ashaping surface 60a) of a pressurization unit 30 (or a stamp unit 60) serving as a later-described shaping member to a secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a on asecond surface 12 opposite to thefirst surface 11 to mold in the secondpartial region 12a a reversal shape of a structure of the shapingsurface 30a (or the shapingsurface 60a); a releasing step of releasing pressing by the pressurization unit 30 (or the stamp unit 60) to form theoptical element array 14 in the secondpartial region 12a; and further a position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shapingsurface 30a (or the shapingsurface 60a) to the secondpartial region 12a, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after theimage 13a is confirmed or, when another image, other than theimage 13a formed for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the firstpartial region 11a, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after at least one of the another image and theimage 13a is confirmed. In the drawings, the number of theoptical elements 14a and theimages 13a are cut down for easy understanding of the configuration. - First, an example of constituting the
main body unit 10 by one member made of a transparent material is described. - The
display body 1 includes anoptical element array 14 provided in part thereof so that the optic effect produced by this optical element can be observed only in part thereof. In the illustrated example, changing the observation angle of thedisplay body 1 around a dashed dotted line ofFigure 1 , only part of the display body 1 (only eye portion in the illustrated example) looks like moving, as illustrated inFigure 2 . Thedisplay body 1 is constituted of themain body unit 10 formed with a transparent material. Thus, theoptical element array 14 is formed only in an optic effect display region in which the optic effect by the optical elements is desired to be produced. In the following descriptions, an image produced by theoptical element array 14 and theimage 13a as one example of the optic effect is called "a virtual image". - The
main body unit 10 may be made of any materials as long as they are conventionally used as materials of optical elements. For example, transparent resin materials may be used, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins. In the present embodiment, themain body unit 10 may be transparent to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from thesecond surface 12 side, the virtual image being produced by theimage 13a formed on thefirst surface 11. - The
images first surface 11 of themain body unit 10 by printing, transfer, engraving, etching, and the like. In the firstpartial region 11a, theimage 13a for producing the optic effect through interaction with theoptical element array 14 is formed. In a portion other than the firstpartial region 11a, theimage 13b which does not produce an optic effect, such as characters, may be formed for example. An image, such as a register mark for position adjustment, a design, and a character, may be formed as another image of the present invention. -
Figure 4 illustrates an example in which thefirst surface 11 of themain body unit 10 includes two firstpartial regions 11a. Specifically, theimages 13a for producing a virtual image of the eyes illustrated inFigures 1 to 3 are formed in the firstpartial regions 11a. - The
image 13a is similar in configuration to publicly known conventional images for producing the optic effect through interaction with theoptical element array 14. For example, theimage 13a may be a contraction image array constituted by repeating a plurality ofcontraction images 13a, thecontraction images 13a being each formed by reducing an array-direction size of the optical element array of a virtual image produced by the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array. Theimage 13a may be a synthesized image formed by synthesizing a plurality of images by an integral photography method. Furthermore, theimage 13a may be a synthesized image formed by producing a stereoscopic vision or a change image through interaction with a plurality of cylindrical lens serving as optical elements arranged in parallel and repeating a plurality of image units each made up of a plurality of strip-like images corresponding to each of the cylindrical lenses. - The
optical element array 14 constituted of a plurality ofoptical elements 14a is formed in a secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a on asecond surface 12 opposite to thefirst surface 11 of themain body unit 10. Theoptical elements 14a are, for example, cylindrical lenses, planoconvex lenses, Fresnel lenses, prism elements, and the like. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical lenses are illustrated as one example of theoptical elements 14a. - When the
optical element array 14 is a convex lens array, such as a cylindrical lens array (lenticular) and a planoconvex lens array, the focal plane of theoptical element array 14 is preferably configured to substantially align with thefirst surface 11 having theimage 13a formed thereon. In other words, it is preferable to constitute so that each of theoptical elements 14a focuses on theimage 13a. - Thus, the
display body 1 has theoptical element array 14 formed thereon so as to produce the optic effect by the optical elements only in a desired part. Therefore, in regions other than the optic effect display region, theimage 13b can clearly be seen. There is also an advantage that theoptical element array 14 is formed integrally with themain body unit 10. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of thedisplay body 1 itself. - A description is now given of the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array.
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Figures 5 to 10 are explanatory views of a system S1 for forming display bodies, andFigure 11 is a flowchart illustrating processing to form a partially-provided optical element array. - The system S1 for forming the
display bodies 1 is constituted of apressurization unit 30 as a shaping member, aposition measurement camera 40, a position adjustment table 50, and acontrol device 20 including a computer and the like that performs control of these members, and the like. - The
pressurization unit 30 is configured to apply heat to melt or soften themain body unit 10 so that irregularities are formed on themain body unit 10. Thepressurization unit 30 includes a shapingsurface 30a. The shapingsurface 30a has a shape inverted from the shape of a desiredoptical element array 14. - The position adjustment table 50 is configured to mount and convey the
main body unit 10 and to execute position adjustment. Themain body unit 10 is mounted with thesecond surface 12 being positioned on thepressurization unit 30 side and thefirst surface 11 being positioned on the position adjustment table 50 side. Themain body unit 10 is conveyed from a right side to a left side in the drawing. - An photographed image of the
main body unit 10 photographed by theposition measurement camera 40 is captured into acamera measuring unit 23 of thecontrol device 20. While the photographed image is analyzed to measure the position of themain body unit 10, themain body unit 10 mounted on the position adjustment table 50 is conveyed so that the firstpartial region 11a of themain body unit 10 is positioned below the pressurization unit 30 (Figure 6 ). Since themain body unit 10 is formed with a transparent material, an image of the firstpartial region 11a can be photographed by theposition measurement camera 40 placed on thesecond surface 12 side and be used for confirmation. In this case, position adjustment of themain body unit 10 is executed by aposition adjustment controller 22 of thecontrol device 20. The position adjustment processing is executed by using a publicly known conventional position adjustment software by theposition adjustment controller 22. - Specifically, precise position adjustment of the
main body unit 10 is performed by moving the position adjustment table 50 in xy directions and a rotation direction (a direction of θ) so that theimage 13a formed in the firstpartial region 11a is positioned below the shapingsurface 30a (Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)). The position adjustment is equivalent to the position adjustment of theoptical element array 14 to be formed. This position adjustment is important for implementing, with a high degree of accuracy, an optic effect produced based on relative positional relationship between theoptical element array 14 and theimage 13a. Therefore, it is preferable to make positioning at a desired position with the precision of 10 µm or less. - In the present embodiment, position adjustment is performed by moving the position adjustment table 50 so that the
main body unit 10 is positioned below the shapingsurface 30a. However, thepressurization unit 30 may be moved in the xy directions and the rotation direction (the direction of θ) so that the shapingsurface 30a is positioned above the firstpartial region 11a of themain body unit 10. - After the position adjustment of the main body unit 10 (
Figure 6 ), thepressurization unit 30 is moved downward by adrive controller 21 of thecontrol device 20, and the shapingsurface 30a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a on thesecond surface 12 corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a in the main body unit 10 (Figure 7 ). In the pressed state, heat is applied by thepressurization unit 30. As a result, a reversal shape of the structure of the shapingsurface 30a is molded in the secondpartial region 12a (Figures 7 and11 (STEP2: molding step)). Specifically, in the state where the shapingsurface 30a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a, heated portions melted or softened by application of heat are solidified and molded. Since the heated portions include only the shapingsurface 30a, the vicinity thereof, and the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10, heating time may be about 2 seconds or less for example. Since such partial heating is performed, the heated portions may be cooled and solidified in short time. Therefore, it becomes possible to enhance productivity, as well as to perform highly precise molding by swift solidification. - Next, the
pressurization unit 30 is moved upward by thedrive controller 21, and the state of the shapingsurface 30a being pressed to themain body unit 10 is released (Figures 8 and11 (STEP3: releasing step)). As a consequence, theoptical element array 14 can be formed in the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10. - As in the present embodiment, when there are a plurality of first
partial regions 11a, the step described above is repeated.
After the state of pressing theshaping surface 30a to themain body unit 10 is released (Figure 8 ), themain body unit 10 is conveyed again (Figure 9 ). Then, as described in the foregoing, position adjustment by thecontrol device 20, theposition measurement camera 40, and the position adjustment table 50 is performed, and theimage 13a formed in the firstpartial region 11a is positioned below the shapingsurface 30a (Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)). - Then, the
pressurization unit 30 is moved downward by thedrive controller 21, and the shapingsurface 30a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a on thesecond surface 12 corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a in the main body unit 10 (Figure 10 ). In the pressed state, heat is applied by thepressurization unit 30. As a result, the reversal shape of the structure of the shapingsurface 30a is molded in the secondpartial region 12a (Figures 10 and11 (STEP2: molding step)). In the state where the shapingsurface 30a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10, the heated portions melted or softened by heat application are solidified and formed. - Next, the
pressurization unit 30 is moved upward by thedrive controller 21, and the state of the shapingsurface 30a being pressed to themain body unit 10 is released (Figure 11 (STEP3: releasing step)). As a consequence, theoptical element array 14 can be formed in the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10.
Thedisplay body 1 including a partially-provided optical element array can be formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array having the procedures described above. - (Case of including shaping member on position adjustment table side) In the system S1 described in the foregoing, the
pressurization unit 30 is provided with the shapingsurface 30a and is used as a shaping member. However, a stamp unit including a shaping surface may be fixedly provided on the side of the table for mounting themain body unit 10, and the stamp unit may be made to function as a shaping member. -
Figures 12A, 12B , andFigures 13 to 15 are explanatory views of a system S2 for forming display bodies. The formation processing step of the partially-provided optical element array is as illustrated inFigure 11 .
The system S2 is constituted of a position adjustment table 51, apressurization unit 31, aposition measurement camera 40, astamp unit 60 as a shaping member including ashaping surface 60a, and acontrol device 20 including a computer and the like that performs control of these members, and the like.Figure 12B is a schematic plan view ofFigure 12A as viewed in a white arrow direction. In the drawings, the position adjustment table 51, thestamp unit 60 and itsshaping surface 60a, and themain body unit 10 are illustrated, and other component members are omitted. - A pressing surface of the
pressurization unit 31 is flat. Except for the configuration of the shaping surface, thepressurization unit 31 has substantially the same functions as those of theaforementioned pressurization unit 30.
The position adjustment table 51 is configured to mount and convey themain body unit 10 and to execute position adjustment. Themain body unit 10 is mounted with thefirst surface 11 being positioned on thepressurization unit 31 side and thesecond surfaces 12 being positioned on the position adjustment table 51 side. Themain body unit 10 is conveyed from a right side to a left side in the drawing. - The
stamp unit 60 including the shapingsurface 60a is provided on the position adjustment table 51 side. Thestamp unit 60 is positioned below thepressurization unit 31, with the shapingsurface 60a being positioned so as to face the pressing surface of thepressurization unit 31. The shapingsurface 60a has a shape inverted from the shape of a desiredoptical element array 14. The other configuration elements and functions of the position adjustment table 51 are similar to those of the position adjustment table 50 in the system S1 described before. The configuration and function of theposition measurement camera 40 and thecontrol device 20 are similar to those in the system S1 described before. The method for controlling position adjustment is also similar to that in the system S1 described before. - The position adjustment of the
main body unit 10 is executed by thecontrol device 20, theposition measurement camera 40, and the position adjustment table 51 so that theimage 13a formed in the firstpartial region 11a is positioned below thepressurization unit 31 and above the shapingsurface 60a of the engraving unit 60 (Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)). - Then, the
pressurization unit 31 is moved downward by thedrive controller 21 of thecontrol device 20, and thepressurization unit 31 is pressed against the first partial region of themain body unit 10 so that the shapingsurface 60a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a in the main body unit 10 (Figure 13 ). In the pressed state, heat is applied by thepressurization unit 31. As a result, the reversal shape of the structure of the shapingsurface 60a is molded in the secondpartial region 12a (Figures 13 and11 (STEP2: molding step)). - Specifically, in the state where the shaping
surface 60a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10, heated portions of themain body unit 10 melted or softened by applied heat are solidified and formed. Since the heated portions are limited to the shapingsurface 60a and its vicinity, and the first and secondpartial regions main body unit 10 and their vicinities, typically, heating time may be about 2 seconds or less. - Heat is applied from the
first surface 11 side of themain body unit 10. Although the heating time is dependent on the thickness of themain body unit 10, molding can be performed in short heating time (for example, about 2 seconds or less) if the thickness of themain body unit 10 is about several millimeters. Since such partial heat application is performed, the heated portions may be cooled and solidified in short time. Therefore, it becomes possible to enhance productivity, as well as to perform highly precise molding by swift solidification. - Next, the
pressurization unit 31 is moved upward by thedrive controller 21, and the state of the shapingsurface 60a being pressed to the main body unit is released (Figure 11 (STEP3: releasing step)). As a consequence, theoptical element array 14 can be formed in the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10. - As in the present embodiment, when there are a plurality of first
partial regions 11a, the step described above is repeated. After the pressing state is released, themain body unit 10 is conveyed again (Figure 14 ). Then, as described before, position adjustment by thecontrol device 20, theposition measurement camera 40, and the position adjustment table 51 are performed. Theimage 13a formed in the firstpartial region 11a is positioned below thepressurization unit 31 and above the shapingsurface 60a of the stamp unit 60 (Figure 11 (STEP1: position adjustment step)). Thepressurization unit 31 is moved downward by thedrive controller 21, and thepressurization unit 31 is pressed against the first partial region of themain body unit 10, so that the shapingsurface 60a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a of thesecond surface 12 corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a in the main body unit 10 (Figure 15 ). In the pressed state, heat is applied by thepressurization unit 31. As a result, the reversal shape of the structure of the shapingsurface 60a is molded in the secondpartial region 12a (Figures 15 and11 (STEP2: molding step)). - In the state where the shaping
surface 60a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10, the heated portions melted or softened by applied heat are solidified and molded. Next, thepressurization unit 31 is moved upward by thedrive controller 21, and the state of the shapingsurface 60a being pressed to themain body unit 10 is released (Figure 11 (STEP3: releasing step)). As a consequence, theoptical element array 14 can be formed in the secondpartial region 12a of themain body unit 10. Thedisplay body 1 including a partially-provided optical element array can be formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array having the procedures described above. -
Figures 16A and 16B are enlarged perspective views of a main part of the shaping member.Figure 16A is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of thepressurization unit 30 serving as a shaping member used in the system S1.Figure 16B is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of thestamp unit 60, which serves as a shaping member used in the system S2, and the vicinity thereof.
In the examples ofFigures 16A and 16B , a reversal shape of irregularities of cylindrical lenses is molded on the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a as one example of theoptical element 14a. As a consequence, in the systems S1 and S2, a cylindrical lens array as theoptical element array 14 is formed in the second partial region of themain body unit 10, by which thedisplay body 1 is formed. - The optical member region, i.e., the second partial region, may be formed into various shapes by properly changing the shape of the shaping
surface 30a of thepressurization unit 30 or the shapingsurface 60a of thestamp unit 60. Various shapes, such as circle and triangle, can be taken. When the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a are formed into an oval shape as illustrated inFigures 16A and 16B , their shapes can be matched with the oval shape of human eyes as illustrated inFigure 1 and other drawings. - A depth D of recess portions of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a is equivalent to a height D (
Figure 4 ) of projecting portions of thecylindrical lenses 14a which constitute a reversal shape of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a.Figure 17(A) is an enlarged view of a main part of thepressurization unit 30 having a shapingsurface 30a with a shallower recess structure, andFigure 17(B) is an enlarged view of a main part of thepressurization unit 30 having a shapingsurface 30a with a deeper recess structure. - When the
optical element array 14 is a convex lens array as in the case of observing a virtual image by theoptical element 14a and theimage 13a, the focal plane of theoptical element array 14 is preferably configured to substantially align with thefirst surface 11. Specifically, it is preferable to set the depth D of the recess portions of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a so that theoptical element 14a focuses on theimage 13a.
Although thepressurization unit 30 is used as the shaping member in the illustrated example, thestamp unit 60 may be used in a similar way. - The optical elements which can be formed in the second
partial region 12a of themain body unit 10 are not limited to cylindrical lenses. Variousoptical element arrays 14 can be formed in themain body unit 10 if the reversal shapes of irregular shapes, which are desired to be formed in the secondpartial region 12a, are formed on the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a. -
Figure 17(C) is an enlarged view of a main part of thepressurization unit 30 having a shapingsurface 30a with a reversal shape of a planoconvex lens array formed thereon,Figure 17(D) is an enlarged view of a main part of thepressurization unit 30 having a shapingsurface 30a with a reversal shape of a Fresnel lens array formed thereon, andFigure 17(E) is an enlarged view of a main part of thepressurization unit 30 having a shapingsurface 30a with a reversal shape of a prism element array formed thereon. - The planoconvex lens array of
Figure 17(C) includes, for example, a square array (Figure 18 (C1)) and a honeycomb array (Figure 18 (C2)). The Fresnel lens array ofFigure 17(D) includes, for example, a square array (Figure 18(D1) ) and a honeycomb array (Figure 18(D2) ). Furthermore, the Fresnel lens array ofFigure 17(D) may include an array of linear Fresnel lenses made by forming circular arc portions of the cylindrical lenses into a Fresnel shape (Figure 18(D3) ). In such linear Fresnel lenses, a plurality of grooves of individual linear Fresnel lenses are linearly formed in parallel with each other, so that light is advantageously collected on a straight line. - Although the
pressurization unit 30 is used as the shaping member in the examples illustrated inFigures 17 and18 , thestamp unit 60 may also be used in a similar way. More specifically, desired irregularities can be formed on the shapingsurface 60a of thestamp unit 60, such as the reversal shape of a planoconvex lens array (such as a square array (Figure 18(C1) ) and a honeycomb array (Figure 18(C2) )), the reversal shape of a Fresnel lens array (such as a square array (Figure 18(D1) ) and a honeycomb array (Figure 18(D2) ), a linear Fresnel lens array (Figure 18(D3) )) and the reversal shapes of a prism element array. - Hereinafter, one example of various display bodies is described with reference to the drawings. For easier understanding, virtual images and the
images 13b displayed on the display bodies may be omitted in the drawings. -
Figure 19A is a plan view of adisplay body 1A, andFigure 19B is a side view of thedisplay body 1A. InFigure 19A , anoptical element array 14 is formed in the secondpartial region 12a of thedisplay body 1A illustrated by a broken line. Theoptical element array 14 inFigures 19A and 19B is constituted ofoptical elements 14a formed by a plurality of convex lens, theoptical elements 14a being radially arranged in a circle around a point C at pitch angles of θLENS. Anon-formation portion 14b having no optical element formed thereon is provided in the center of theoptical elements 14a arranged in a circle. -
Figure 20A is a plan view of adisplay body 1B, andFigure 20B is a side view of thedisplay body 1B. InFigure 20A , anoptical element array 14 is formed in the secondpartial region 12a of thedisplay body 1B illustrated by a broken line. While thedisplay body 1A is configured to have theoptical elements 14a arranged all over the secondpartial region 12a, thedisplay body 1B represents an example in which theoptical elements 14a are radially arrayed in another mode. - The
optical element array 14 in thedisplay body 1B is constituted ofoptical elements 14a formed with a plurality of convex lens, theoptical elements 14a being radially arranged around a point C at pitch angles of 6LENS. Anon-formation portion 14b having no optical element formed thereon is provided in the center of theoptical elements 14a which are arranged in a circle. Aspace 14c is interposed in between projecting portions of the convex lenses. - If the reversal shape of irregularities of the radial optical element array constituted of radially arranged optical elements is formed on the shaping surfaces 30a and 51, the radial optical element array constituted of radially arranged optical elements, as in the
display bodies non-formation portions 14b of thedisplay bodies -
Figure 21 is a plan view of adisplay body 1C. Thedisplay body 1C has two secondpartial regions 12a. Convex lenses formed as optical elements in each of the secondpartial regions 12a are illustrated in black. A plurality of dot-like convex lenses and honeycomb-like convex lenses are arrayed. Optical element arrays of such configuration may also be formed. - Optical element arrays different in kind may be formed in the plurality of second
partial regions 12a.
Figure 22 is a perspective view of adisplay body 1D. InFigure 22 , the secondpartial regions 12a(1) to 12a(6) of thedisplay body 1D are illustrated by broken lines. - Cylindrical lens arrays are each formed in the second
partial regions 12a(1) to 12(4) of thedisplay body 1D, a planoconvex lens array is formed in the secondpartial region 12a(5), and a radial array of convex lenses is formed in the secondpartial region 12a(6). The cylindrical lens array formed in the secondpartial region 12a(1) is different in direction from the cylindrical lens arrays formed in the secondpartial regions 12a(2) to 12a(4). The cylindrical lens array formed in the secondpartial region 12a(4) is different in direction from the cylindrical lens arrays formed in the secondpartial regions 12a(1) to 12a(3). - Thus, the optical element arrays different in kind (different in lens kind, lens array direction, and lens pitch) may be formed in the plurality of the second
partial regions 12a integrally with themain body unit 10. - In the past, to use two or more kinds of lenses for a display body, it was necessary to prepare each of the lens sheets, cut the lens sheets into a desired size, and position the lens sheets on the images before laminating the lens sheets. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to arrange two or more kinds of lenses on images relatively easily simply by preparing the shaping members having the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a on which reversal shapes of irregularities of desired kind of lenses are formed.
- According to the display body described in the foregoing, it becomes possible to implement a display body which enables the optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen. Since the
optical element array 14 can be formed integrally with themain body unit 10, the display body itself can be made thin.
The optical element arrays described before are merely exemplary and are not restrictive. Any reversal shape of the optical element arrays having irregularities may be formed on the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a regardless of their shapes. Optical element arrays of desired shapes may be formed in the secondpartial regions 12a of the display body. Efficient formation of the optical element arrays can be implemented by preparing a plurality ofpressurization units 30 andstamp units 60, whose shaping surfaces have different irregular shapes to enable the units to be detached from the systems S1 and S2 and be replaced. - In the display body described before, the
main body unit 10 is used as one member, and theimages main body unit 10, and theoptical element array 14 is formed on the other surface (the second surface 12).
The display body of the present invention is not limited to such configuration. For example, the main body may be constituted of a first member including afirst surface 11, a second member including asecond surface 12, and a support member configured to support the first member and the second member. - The first member and the second member may be made of any materials as long as they are conventionally used as materials of optical elements. For example, transparent resin materials may be used, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins. The first member and the second member may be transparent to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from the
second surface 12 side, the virtual image being produced by theimage 13a formed on thefirst surface 11. -
Figure 23A is a cross sectional view of amain body unit 10E.Figure 23B is a cross sectional view of thedisplay body 1E constituted by amain body unit 10E.
Themain body unit 10E has afirst member 17 including afirst surface 11, and asecond member 18 including asecond surface 12, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 being arranged with a space h interposed therebetween. With asupport member 20 provided at both ends of themain body unit 10E, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are supported in a mode that thefirst surface 11 and thesecond surface 12 face in opposite directions with a specified distance L therebetween.
Thedisplay body 1E including a partially-provided optical element array illustrated inFigure 23B is formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S1 or system S2 described before. - In the
display body 1E, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are supported in the mode that thefirst surface 11 andsecond surface 12 face in opposite directions. However, thefirst member 17 may be supported in such a mode that thefirst surface 11 faces inside. -
Figure 24 is a cross sectional view of adisplay body 1F constituted by amain body unit 10F. Themain body unit 10F has afirst member 17 including afirst surface 11, and asecond member 18 including asecond surface 12, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 being arranged with a space h interposed therebetween. With asupport member 20 provided at both ends of themain body unit 10F, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are supported with thefirst surface 11 and thesecond surface 12 with a specified distance L therebetween. In this case, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are supported while thefirst surface 11 of thefirst member 17 faces inside. Thesecond member 18 may be made of any materials as long as they are conventionally used as materials of optical elements. For example, transparent resin materials may be used, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), PP, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG), acrylics, and acrylate resins. In the present embodiment, thesecond member 18 may be transparent to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from thesecond surface 12 side, the virtual image being produced by theimage 13a formed on thefirst surface 11. Thefirst member 17 may be an opaque sheet, a wooden board, a film, metal, and the like. - When the
optical elements 14a formed on thesecond member 18 in thedisplay body 1E and thedisplay body 1F are convex lenses, the lenses are preferably configured to focus on theimage 13a. Specifically, a depth D of the recess portions of the shaping surfaces 30a and 60a, a distance L between thefirst surface 11 and thesecond surface 12, and a space h between thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are set so that the focus of theoptical element 14a is on theimage 13a. InFigures 23A, 23B, and 24 , thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are arranged with the space h interposed therebetween so that they are not in contact with each other. However, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 may be in contact with each other by setting the space h to 0 (zero). - The
first member 17 and thesecond member 18 may be configured to be relatively movable.Figure 25A is a developed explanatory view of adisplay body 1G, andFigure 25B is a side view of thedisplay body 1G.
Asecond member 18 and afirst member 17 are supported by asupport member 20 so that they are independently rotatable around theirrespective centers support member 20 is constituted of ashaft 20a and afastener 20b. In this case, thesecond member 18 and thefirst member 17 may face each other with a specified distance therebetween and be supported with a space therebetween so as to prevent thesecond member 18 and thefirst member 17 from coming into contact with each other. Thesecond member 18 and thefirst member 17 may be in contact with each other as long as they are rotationally slidable. Thesecond member 18 and thefirst member 17 may maintain transparency to the degree that an observer can observe a virtual image from theoptical element array 14 side of thesecond member 18, the virtual image being produced by theimage 13a on thefirst member 17, and may be laminated in contact or not in contact with each other. - The
optical element array 14 is formed by the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S1 or the system S2 described before. Specifically, theoptical element array 14 is formed in the secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a of thefirst member 17 wherein theimage 13a is formed. In the example illustrated inFigures 25A and 25B , the second member is rotatably supported while thesecond surface 12 faces inside. However, thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 may be supported in a mode that thefirst surface 11 and thesecond surface 12 face in opposite directions. - When the
optical element array 14 is formed according to the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S1 or the system S2, position adjustment is important for forming theoptical element array 14 at a position corresponding to theimage 13a. Accordingly, formation processing of a partially-provided optical element array, including a position adjustment step, a molding step, and a releasing step (Figure 11 : STEP1 through STEP3) may be executed while thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 are fixedly supported so that they cannot rotate, and after theoptical element array 14 is formed, arotatable support member 20 may be provided. A member for fixedly supporting thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18, and therotatable support member 20 are preferably the members which can support thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 in parallel. These support members may pinch the peripheries of thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 at several locations, or may fix thefirst member 17 and thesecond member 18 atcenter positions - An irregularity portion may also be formed on the
first surface 11. In the molding step (Figure 11 : STEP2), the shapingsurface 30a of thepressurization unit 30 as one shaping member is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a to mold the reversal shape of a structure of the shapingsurface 30a in the secondpartial region 12a, and the shapingsurface 60a of thestamp unit 60 as another shaping member is pressed to the firstpartial region 11a to mold the reversal shape of a structure of the shapingsurface 60a in the firstpartial region 11a. In the releasing step (Figure 11 : STEP3), pressing by thepressurization unit 30 and thestamp unit 60 is released to form theoptical element array 14 in the secondpartial region 12a and to form an irregularity portion in the firstpartial region 11a. -
Figure 26A is an explanatory view of a system S3 for forming display bodies. The processing steps are similar to those inFigure 11 . The system S3 includes apressurization unit 30 as one shaping member and astamp unit 60 as another shaping member. Thepressurization unit 30 is similar to thepressurization unit 30 of the system S1, and thestamp unit 60 is similar to thestamp unit 60 of the system S2. The reversal shape of an uneven shape which is desired to be formed in the secondpartial region 12a on thesecond surface 12 is structured on the shapingsurface 30a of thepressurization unit 30. The reversal shape of an uneven shape which is desired to be formed in the firstpartial region 11 a on thefirst surface 11 is structured on the shapingsurface 60a of thestamp unit 60. - The system S3 is constituted of a position adjustment table 50, a
pressurization unit 30, aposition measurement camera 40, and acontrol device 20 including a computer and the like that performs control of these members, and the like. Since the configuration of each of the members is similar to that of the systems S1 and S2, a description thereof is omitted. - In the example of
Figure 26A , amain body unit 10H is mounted, with afirst surface 11 thereof being positioned on the position adjustment table 50 side. Then, position adjustment by thecontrol device 20 and theposition measurement camera 40 is executed in the similar procedures described in the systems S1 and S2. The firstpartial region 11a of themain body unit 10H is positioned below thepressurization unit 30, thepressurization unit 30 is moved downward by thedrive controller 21 of thecontrol device 20, and the shapingsurface 30a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11 a on thefirst surface 11 of themain body unit 10H. At the same time, the shapingsurface 60a is pressed to the firstpartial region 11a on thefirst surface 11. By sandwiching and pressurizing themain body unit 10H with the shapingsurface 30a and the shapingsurface 60a, the reversal shape of a structure of the shapingsurface 60a is formed in the secondpartial region 12a, and the reversal shape of a structure on the shapingsurface 30a is formed in the firstpartial region 11a on thefirst surface 11.Figure 26B is a cross sectional view of thefinished display body 1H. - Furthermore, the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array performed by the system S3 is also applicable to the case where the
first surface 11 andsecond surface 12 are made of materials different from each other.
Figure 26C is a cross sectional view of adisplay body 1K. - The
display body 1K is constituted of afirst member 17, asecond member 18, and asupport member 20. By the system S3, the shapingsurface 60a is pressed to the firstpartial region 11a on thefirst surface 11 of themain body unit 10K, while at the same time, the shapingsurface 30a is pressed to the secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a of thefirst surface 11. By sandwiching and pressurizing themain body unit 10K with the shapingsurface 30a and the shapingsurface 60a, the reversal shape of a structure of the shapingsurface 60a is formed in the firstpartial region 11 a, and the reversal shape of a structure of the shapingsurface 30a is formed in the secondpartial regions 12a on the second surfaces 12.
Anirregularity portion 11b can also be formed in the firstpartial region 11 a on thefirst surface 11 as in thedisplay bodies -
Figure 27 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part of the optical element array formed in the second partial region on the second surface of the main body unit. The optical element array formed in the second partial region of the main body unit by the method performed by the system S1 through system S3 described above has recess portions and projecting portions. A non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions.Figure 27 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part of an optical element array which is formed from planoconvex lenses as one example. - The
non-formation surface 12c where theoptical element array 14 is not formed is at the same level as an original height of the second partial region before the shaping surface is pressed thereon to form theoptical element array 14. As illustrated inFigure 27 , thenon-formation surface 12c is positioned between thelowest part 14d of the recess portions and thehighest part 14e of the protruding portions of theoptical element array 14. In the example of the drawing, a difference in height between thelowest part 14d of the recess portions of theoptical element array 14 and thenon-formation surface 12c is d1, and a difference in height between thehighest part 14e of the protruding portions of theoptical element array 14 and thenon-formation surface 12c is d2.
In other words, irregularities of theoptical element array 14 formed in the present invention have shapes formed by arbitrary distances from thenon-formation surface 12c that is at the original height. - This also applies to the case where the
irregularity portion 11b is also formed in the firstpartial region 11a on thefirst surface 11 as in the case of thedisplay bodies Figure 26A through Figure 26C ). More specifically, the non-formation surface of the first surface where theirregularity portion 11b is not formed is configured to be positioned between the lowest part of the recess portions and the highest part of the protruding portions in theirregularity portion 11b. - A test was performed by pressing the shaping surface of the shaping member to the second surface of the main body unit made by a transparent material to mold the reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface in the second partial region on the second surface of the main body unit, and measuring the shape of a formed optical element array. In the test, the optical element array was formed as a honeycomb array constituted of planoconvex lenses illustrated in
Figure 18(C2) .Figure 28A is an expanded view of a photographed image of a main part of the formed optical element array, andFigure 28B is a measurement graph of the height of optical element array. - A Y axis of the measurement graph represents a height (µm) of the photographed image I of
Figure 28A obtained when the photographed image I was scanned along a line S. An X axis represents a horizontal distance (µm) along the line S from a point P(s) (expressed as a black dot). A laser beam microscope VK8700 by KEYENCE CORP. was used for photographing and measurement.
In the measurement graph ofFigure 28B , a substantially linear portion T (12c) is equivalent to thenon-formation surface 12c. In the measurement graph, a point P(14d) (expressed as a white rhombus) represents a position of thelowest part 14d of the recess portions of theoptical element array 14, and the point P(14e) (expressed as a white triangle) represents a position of thehighest part 14e of the protruding portions of theoptical element array 14.
A difference in height between the point P(14d) and the straight line portion T(12c) was measured as a distance d1, and a difference in height between the point P(14e) and the straight line portion T(12c) was measured as a distance d2. The measuring results are as follows.Distance d1 30 µm Distance d2 15 µm - The test results proved that the irregularities of the
optical element array 14 formed in the present invention have shapes formed by arbitrary distances from thenon-formation surface 12c that was at the original height. -
Figures 29(A) and 29(B) illustrate examples of the display body.Figure 29(A) represents an example of a pamphlet andFigure 29(B) represents an example of a card. It becomes possible to partially form optical element arrays only in the portions (the secondpartial regions 12a) where an optic effect by optical elements is desired to be observed, and to observe the optic effect only in the regions (inside the regions encircled by broken lines inFigure 29 ). Furthermore, it becomes possible to clearly display characters and the likes placed in portions other than the portions where the optic effect is desired to be observed (portions other than the secondpartial regions 12a). Since theoptical element arrays 14 can be formed integrally with themain body unit 10, thinner pamphlets and cards can be created. - It is essential for the present invention to form at least a portion of the main body unit, from the second surface to an image on the first surface, with transparent materials such as resin and air. For example, the second surface of the main body unit may be coated with thermoformable resin of a specified thickness (for example, 0.001mm to 0.1mm), and the thermoformable resin may be molded to form an optical element array. In the position adjustment step, the image formed on the first surface may be confirmed from the first surface or the second surface side.
- The
image 13a may be confirmed from one of the first surface and the second surface in the position adjustment processing. - When an image for position adjustment is formed in a region other than the first partial region, position adjustment may be executed on the basis of the position adjustment image. The
image 13b, such as a register mark, a design, and a character, can be used as a position adjustment image (another image of the present invention). Theposition adjustment controller 22 acquires a distance from the position adjustment image to the first partial region in advance, photographs the position adjustment image with theposition measurement camera 40, and performs position adjustment processing. In the position adjustment processing, at least one of theimage 13a formed in the first partial region and the position adjustment image in a portion other than the first partial region may be confirmed, before position adjustment is executed - As the
pressurization units pressurization units main body unit 10. High-frequency vibration devices may also be used. A vibration frequency is determined corresponding to the materials of the main body unit, the first member and the second member, irregularities to be formed, and the like. For example, a frequency band of about 18 kHz to 25 kHz is preferable. In the present embodiment, a vibration device that vibrates in a frequency band of 18.85 kHz to 19.45 kHz is used. - (Optical element array formation line system LS1)
A description is given of the case where the method for forming a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention is applied to an optical element array formation system as one example of a display body manufacturing system, which is configured to form optical element arrays while conveying a plurality of main body units which are formed into display bodies.
The optical element array formation line system LS1 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of processors.Figure 30 is an external structure view of the optical element array formationline system LS 1. - An
image 13a for producing an optic effect through interaction with each of theoptical element arrays 14 is formed in a firstpartial region 11 a of afirst surface 11 of each of the plurality ofmain body units 10 conveyed on a production line. The system includesprocessors image 13a, or when another image, other than theimage 13a for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the firstpartial region 11a, to confirm at least one of the another image and theimage 13a and perform position adjustment, then to press a shaping surface of a shaping member to a secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a, to mold a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface in the secondpartial region 12a, and to release pressing by the shaping member to form an optical element array in the secondpartial region 12a, wherein theoptical element array 14 formed in the secondpartial region 12a has recess portions and protruding portions, anon-formation surface 12c on thesecond surface 12 where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the protruding portions, and theprocessors main body units 10. - The optical element array formation system LS1 is constituted of the
processors system controller 103 as a controller for executing operation monitoring and engineering of the optical element array formation system LS2 via a bus B.
Thesystem controller 103 delivers and receives information via the computer (not illustrated) and the bus B in thecontrol device 20 included in the system S inside the processor 101. - For easier understanding, detailed illustration of the system S included in the
processors Figure 30 . The component members of the system S (for example, acontrol device 20, adrive controller 21, aposition adjustment controller 22, a position adjustment table 50 (or 51), and the like) are similar to those used in description of the aforementioned system S (for example,Figures 5 through 16B ,Figure 26 , or other drawings). - The plurality of
main body units 10 are supplied one by one to the optical element arrayformation system LS 1. The suppliedmain body units 10 are conveyed on the production line L in an arrow direction in the drawing. Then, the conveyedmain body units 10 are first subjected to first processing by theprocessor 101A for forming optical element arrays. Position adjustment and formation of optical element arrays in theprocessor 101A are executed by the system S included in theprocessor 101A. Next, second processing is executed in theprocessor 101B. Position adjustment and formation of optical element arrays in theprocessor 101B are executed by the system S included in theprocessor 101B. - A plurality of shaping members provided in each of the processors may be configured to have the same shaping surfaces, or may be configured to have shaping surfaces different from each other. The optical element arrays may be fabricated at the same position in the second partial region of the
main body unit 10, or may be fabricated at different positions in the second partial region. When there are two or more second partial regions, the optical element arrays may be fabricated in each of the second partial regions. - In the present embodiment, the shaping surface of the shaping member in the system S included in the
processor 101A and the shaping surface of the shaping member in the system S included in theprocessor 101B are configured to be different in shape from each other, and they are used at the same position in the second partial region of themain body unit 10.Figures 31A and 31B illustrate an example in which optical element arrays are formed in the case where theprocessors Figure 31A is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part after the first processing is performed by theprocessor 101A, andFigure 31B is an enlarged cross sectional view of a main part after the second processing is performed by theprocessor 101B. Thus, by using a plurality of processors with use of the shaping members having shaping surfaces different in shape from each other, optical element arrays of more advanced and more complicated shapes can be formed. - It is essential, for the display body including a partially-provided optical element array of the present invention described with reference to
Figure 1 through Figure 31B , that animage 13a for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a firstpartial region 11 a on afirst surface 11 of a main body, and that theoptical element array 14 is formed in a secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the firstpartial region 11a on asecond surface 12 opposite to thefirst surface 11. However, the firstpartial region 11a and the secondpartial region 12a may be different in size. For example, the present invention is also applicable to the case where the firstpartial region 11a and the secondpartial region 12a corresponding to the first partial region are different in size as illustrated inFigure 32 . - The scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed. The present invention may widely be applied to a thin display body which enables an optic effect by optical elements to be observed and enables characters and the like, printed or provided in other ways on a portion other than the part where the optic effect can be observed, to be clearly seen.
-
- 1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H, 1K ... Display body
- 10 ... Main body unit
- 11 ... First surface
- 11a ... First partial region, 11b ... Irregularity portion on first surface
- 12 ... Second surface
- 12a ... Second partial region, 12c ... Non-formation surface
- 13a ... Image, 13b ... Image (another image is included)
- 14 ... Optical element array, 14a ... Optical element
- 14d ... Lowest part of recess portions of optical element array
- 14e ... Highest part of protruding portions of optical element array
- 17 ... First member, 18 ... Second member, 20 ... Support member
- S1 ... System
- 30 ... Pressurization unit (shaping member), 31a ... Shaping surface
- S2 ... System
- 31 ... Pressurization unit
- 60 ... Stamp unit (shaping member), 60a ... Shaping surface
- S3 ... System
- 31 ... Pressurization unit (shaping member), 31a ... Shaping surface
- 60 ... Stamp unit (shaping member), 60a ... Shaping surface
- LS1 ... Optical element array formation system (display body manufacturing system)
- 101A, 101B ... Processor, 103 ... System controller (controller)
Claims (12)
- A display body including a partially-provided optical element array, the display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed, wherein
an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of a main body,
the optical element array is formed in a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface,
the optical element array has recess portions and projecting portions, and
a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions. - A display body including a partially-provided optical element array, the display body enabling an optic effect by optical elements to be observed, wherein
an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of a main body, the optical element array is formed by a method for forming a partially-provided optical element array, including:a molding step of pressing a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface;a releasing step of releasing pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region; and furthera position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface to the second partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after the image is confirmed or, when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed,the optical element array formed on the second partial region has recess portions and projecting portions, anda non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the projecting portions. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array formed by the method for forming a partial optical element array according to claim 2, wherein
in the position adjustment step, the image is confirmed, or when the another images is formed, at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed, then the position adjustment is performed to press one the shaping surface to the second partial region and to press the other the shaping surface to the first partial region,
in the molding step, a shaping surface of one the shaping member is pressed to the second partial region to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface of the one shaping member, and a shaping surface of the other the shaping member is pressed to the first partial region to mold in the first partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface of the other shaping member, and
in the releasing step, pressing by the one shaping member and the other shaping member is released to form the optical element array in the second partial region and to form an irregularity portion in the first partial region. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
the optical element array is a convex lens array, and a focal plane of the optical element array substantially aligns with the first surface having the image formed thereon. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
the main body unit includes:a first member including the first surface;a second member including the second surface, the second member being made of a transparent material; anda support member configured to support the first member and the second member. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array according to claim 5, wherein
the support member supports the first member and the second member in a mode that the first surface and the second surface face in opposite directions with a specified distance there between or in a mode that the first member surface faces the second member, and supports the first member and the second member with space interposed therein to prevent the first member and the second member from coming into contact with each other. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
the image is a contraction image array constituted by repeating a plurality of contraction images, the contraction images being each formed by reducing an array-direction size of the optical element array of a virtual image produced by the optic effect. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
the image produces a stereoscopic vision or a change image through interaction with a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged in parallel, the image being a synthesized image formed by repeating a plurality of image units each made up of a plurality of strip-like images corresponding to each of the cylindrical lenses. - The display body including a partially-provided optical element array according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
the image is a synthesized image formed by synthesizing a plurality of images by an integral photography method. - A method for forming a partially-provided optical element array enabling an optic effect to be partially observed, the partially-provided optical element array being formed on a display body including a main body unit, wherein
an image for producing the optic effect through interaction with the optical element array is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of the main body, and another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed in a region other than the first partial region on the first surface, the method comprising:a molding step of pressing a shaping surface of a shaping member to a second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface;a releasing step of releasing pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region; and furthera position adjustment step of performing position adjustment to press the shaping surface to the second partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after the image is confirmed or, when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, the position adjustment step being performed before the molding step and after at least one of the another image and the image is confirmed. - A display body manufacturing system for manufacturing display bodies by forming optical element arrays on a plurality of main body units conveyed on a production line, wherein
an image for producing an optic effect through interaction with each of the optical element arrays is formed in a first partial region on a first surface of each of the main body units, the system comprising
a plurality of processors for forming optical element arrays, each of the processors being configured to confirm the image, or when another image, other than the image for producing the optic effect, is formed on a region other than the first partial region, to confirm at least one of the another image and the image and perform position adjustment, then to press a shaping surface of a shaping member to the second partial region corresponding to the first partial region on a second surface opposite to the first surface to mold in the second partial region a reversal shape of a structure of the shaping surface, and to release pressing by the shaping member to form the optical element array in the second partial region, wherein
the optical element array formed in the second partial region has recess portions and projecting portions,
a non-formation surface of the second surface where the optical element array is not formed is positioned between a lowest part of the recess portions and a highest part of the protruding portions, and
the plurality of processors sequentially perform optical element array forming processing on the conveyed main body units. - The display body manufacturing system according to claim 11, wherein
the shaping members of the processors each have shaping surfaces different from each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014209281A JP5743248B1 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2014-10-10 | Image display body having partial optical element array and partial optical element array forming method |
PCT/JP2015/057332 WO2016056262A1 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2015-03-12 | Display provided with partial optical element array, method for forming partial optical element array, and display production system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3029659A1 true EP3029659A1 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
EP3029659A4 EP3029659A4 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
EP3029659B1 EP3029659B1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15734285.8A Active EP3029659B1 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2015-03-12 | Display provided with partial optical element array |
Country Status (5)
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US (2) | US20170115496A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3029659B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5743248B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106796770B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016056262A1 (en) |
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JP5850552B1 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | グラパックジャパン株式会社 | Display body provided with partial optical element array, display body forming method, partial optical element array forming method, display body manufacturing system |
JP2017058585A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社エンプラス | Image display body, manufacturing method of the same, and optical component |
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JP4561659B2 (en) * | 2006-03-07 | 2010-10-13 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Print media |
JPS6049593U (en) * | 1983-09-10 | 1985-04-08 | 日下部 保司 | change advertising board |
JPH051213Y2 (en) * | 1985-03-16 | 1993-01-13 | ||
US5318807A (en) * | 1991-10-28 | 1994-06-07 | Juan Grifoll Casanovas | Process for preparing printed sheets with optical effects |
US6270931B1 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 2001-08-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Integral imaging with element having anti-halation layer |
JPH1086568A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-04-07 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Card |
JP2001166402A (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-06-22 | Imai Sanseido:Kk | Postcard with image |
JP2006001153A (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-01-05 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Printed matter with lenticular lens and method for manufacturing printed matter |
DE102004041434B4 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2013-10-10 | Credit Card Supplies | Method for producing a embossing plate for a hot-cold laminating press with three-dimensional structures |
DE102004044458B4 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2010-01-07 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | The security document |
JP2006251608A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Lenticular lens printed matter and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2008275970A (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-13 | Seiko Epson Corp | Method for forming stereoscopic/variation image and ink jet device |
JP2009116011A (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-28 | Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc | Image forming system |
JP2009255320A (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-11-05 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Identification card |
KR100938990B1 (en) * | 2009-01-07 | 2010-01-28 | 정현인 | Integral photography sheet by total reflection |
GB0919112D0 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2009-12-16 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security device |
US8693101B2 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2014-04-08 | Travel Tags, Inc. | Lens sheet having lens array formed in pre-selected areas and articles formed therefrom |
CN103492944B (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2014-12-31 | 来百客股份有限公司 | Image-display sheet and image-display body |
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2014
- 2014-10-10 JP JP2014209281A patent/JP5743248B1/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-03-12 WO PCT/JP2015/057332 patent/WO2016056262A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-03-12 US US14/761,147 patent/US20170115496A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-12 EP EP15734285.8A patent/EP3029659B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-12 CN CN201580050540.3A patent/CN106796770B/en active Active
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2017
- 2017-12-22 US US15/852,838 patent/US20180149879A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP5743248B1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
US20170115496A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
CN106796770A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
EP3029659B1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
CN106796770B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
WO2016056262A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
US20180149879A1 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
EP3029659A4 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
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