Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
  • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
  • F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
  • F02B33/40—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of non-positive-displacement type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
  • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
  • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
  • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
  • F02B39/16—Other safety measures for, or other control of, pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
  • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
  • F02D2200/50—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
  • F02D2200/503—Battery correction, i.e. corrections as a function of the state of the battery, its output or its type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
  • F02N11/0862—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
  • F02N11/0866—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
  • F02N2200/06—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the power supply or driving circuits for the starter
  • F02N2200/061—Battery state of charge [SOC]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the control of a rotary electric machine adapted, when operating alternator, to electrically power all or part of an electric compressor to compress the air at the inlet of a heat engine.
• the invention applies particularly, but not exclusively, in the automotive field, the compressor then supercharging the engine of the vehicle.
• This electric compressor for example the turbocharger of the vehicle in some cases, especially at low speed and during transient increases in load, and its use is to address the significant response time of the turbocharger, also called “turbolag”.
• the electric compressor can replace the turbocharger temporarily, not second.
• the vehicle may even be devoid of turbocharger due to the presence of the electric compressor.
• Such an electric compressor is relatively energy-intensive and its use within a vehicle requires the use of dedicated batteries and / or specific strategies for controlling the electric compressor when the electrical energy available to power it is not sufficient .
• the Applicant has proposed in the application filed April 1, 2013 under the number 13 53494 in France to supply at least temporarily the electric compressor with a first electrical energy from a dedicated battery and a second electrical energy from the machine electric alternator, to allow said electric compressor to follow the instructions that are applied to it.
• the invention aims to meet this need and it succeeds, according to one of its aspects, using a control method of a rotating electrical machine operating as an alternator when driven by a heat engine , the electric machine forming part of an electrical circuit further comprising an electric energy storage unit and an electric compressor configured to compress the air at the inlet of the heat engine, the electric circuit being configured to selectively enable the power supply of the electric compressor by:
• a second electrical energy coming from the rotating electrical machine when it is driven by the heat engine method in which the value of the voltage supplied by the electric machine is controlled according to at least: the state of charge of the electric energy storage unit, and the speed of the heat engine.
• the speed of the heat engine is taken into account to control the voltage supplied by the rotating electrical machine, and thus to control the electric power supply of the electric compressor as the second electrical energy.
• the knowledge of the speed of the heat engine makes it possible to solicit the electric energy storage unit to electrically supply the electric compressor with the first electrical energy only when it is necessary. Thus, for example when the speed of the heat engine is high, the available torque for the electric machine is greater. We can then reduce the share of the first electrical energy and increase the share of the second electrical energy used to electrically power the electric compressor.
• the method can ensure that sufficient electrical energy remains available in the power storage unit for powering these other electronic components.
• the voltage supplied by the electric machine and controlled can be the output voltage of a rectifier coupled to the electric machine.
• the second electrical energy can directly be the electrical energy supplied by the electric machine operating as an alternator.
• this electrical energy supplied by the rotating electrical machine can be stored in an intermediate battery or any other energy store and this energy thus stored can be used as the second electrical energy to power the electric compressor.
• the method may comprise the step of controlling the value of the voltage supplied by the electric machine also according to whether the electric compressor is activated or not.
• a signal representative of the activated state or not of the electric compressor can for this purpose be considered.
• control of the electric machine involves three distinct parameters which are:
• the method can consist in elaborating:
• the first control mode is applied when the electric compressor is not activated and the second control mode when the electric compressor is activated.
• the first control mode may consist in imposing a same setpoint value on the voltage supplied by the electric machine when the state of charge of the electric energy storage unit varies within a first range of values and when the speed of the heat engine varies within a second range of values.
• the electric compressor is not activated, it is not necessary to use the second electrical energy from the electric machine to electrically power the electric compressor.
• This first control mode can promote the recharging of the electrical energy storage unit.
• the first range is for example between 0 and 100 and the second range is for example between 500 rpm and 6500 rpm.
• the second control mode may consist in: imposing a voltage on the voltage supplied by the electric machine which decreases when the state of charge of the electric energy storage unit increases within the first range of values at constant heat engine speed, the value of said constant speed belonging to a sub-range of the second range of values, and
• the decrease of the set value for the voltage supplied by the electric machine when the state of charge of the electric energy storage unit increases makes it possible to increase the portion of the first electrical energy used to electrically power the electric compressor. In this way, the best available electrical energy is used in the storing electrical energy, while promoting the operation of the heat engine to which less torque is then taken to provide the second electrical energy.
• the increase of the set value for the voltage supplied by the electric machine when the speed of the heat engine increases reduces the portion of the first electrical energy used to electrically power the electric compressor. This best uses the second available electrical energy without degrading or degrading only little, the performance of the engine.
• the sub-range of the first range is for example between 30 and 100.
• the sub-range of the second range is for example between 500 and 5500 rpm.
• the voltage supplied by the electrical machine can be controlled according to a constant setpoint whose value may or may not be equal to that according to the first command mode.
• the maximum setpoint value imposed according to this second control mode for the voltage supplied by the electrical machine may be equal to that imposed according to the first control mode.
• the rotating electrical machine may be a synchronous machine with a wound rotor. This is for example an electric machine whose nominal power is between 1 and 3 kW.
• control of the voltage supplied by the electric machine can be effected by acting on the current flowing in the rotor of said machine.
• Each setpoint value imposed for the voltage supplied by the electrical machine can then correspond to a setpoint value imposed for the current flowing in the rotor of said machine.
• the rotor can be driven by the shaft of the heat engine, possibly via a belt.
• a permanent connection or not can thus exist between the rotor of the electric machine and the shaft of the heat engine.
• the rotating electrical machine may comprise a polyphase stator, in particular three-phase.
• the electric compressor may comprise a variable reluctance motor.
• the nominal power of the electric compressor is for example between 1 and 7 kW.
• the electrical circuit can be embedded on a vehicle.
• the electrical circuit can then form the network of the vehicle.
• the electrical energy storage unit providing the first electrical energy may be a battery or one or more batteries connected in series or in parallel. Alternatively, one or more supercapacitors may be used.
• the electrical energy storage unit for example, a nominal voltage between 12 V and 48 V, for example between 12 V and 30 V, for example 12 V or 16 V.
• the nominal voltage of this electrical energy storage unit can be equal to 48 V V.
• the electric compressor can be controlled according to the method set forth in the aforementioned French application, the latter teaching to electrically power the electric compressor at least temporarily with the aid of the first electrical energy and the second electrical energy.
• the electrical circuit may be in the form of the electrical network described in one of the application WO2013 / 050 1020 and the application filed in France on October 3, 2012 by the Applicant under the number 12 593 108, these requests teaching to connect via a switching component, such as a linearly variable impedance or a DC / DC voltage converter, a subcircuit formed by the electric compressor and the electrical energy storage unit dedicated to the power supply thereof. compressor, the rest of the electrical circuit.
• a switching component such as a linearly variable impedance or a DC / DC voltage converter
• the electric circuit may not be formed by two subcircuits connected to each other by a switching component.
• the circuit may then comprise a single electrical energy storage unit capable of electrically powering the electric compressor and other electronic components such as the safety equipment mentioned above.
• the electric energy storage unit, the electric machine, the electric compressor and the other electronic components can then be connected in parallel with each other.
• the subject of the invention is also a device for controlling the voltage supplied by a rotating electrical machine when it is driven by a heat engine, the electric machine forming part of an electrical circuit comprising outraged :
• an electric compressor configured to compress the air at the intake of the heat engine
• the electrical circuit being configured to selectively allow the electrical power supply of the electric compressor by a first electrical energy supplied by the electric energy storage unit, and by a second electrical energy from the rotating electrical machine when it is driven by the engine,
• the device being configured to control the value of the voltage supplied by the electric machine as a function of at least: the state of charge of the electric energy storage unit, and the speed of the heat engine.
• control device When the invention is applied to a motor vehicle, the control device may or may not be integrated with the engine control unit of the vehicle (ECU).
• ECU engine control unit of the vehicle
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a example of an electrical circuit in which the invention can be implemented,
• FIG. 2 schematically represents a device for controlling the voltage supplied by the rotating electrical machine of the circuit of FIG. 1 according to an exemplary implementation of the invention
• FIG. 3a is a table containing set values applied to the voltage supplied by the electric machine according to an example of a first control mode while FIG. 3b is a table containing set values applied to the voltage supplied by the electric machine according to an example of a second control mode, and
• FIG. 4 schematically shows another example of an electrical circuit in which the invention can be implemented.
• FIG. 1 shows an electric circuit 1 used to electrically power an electric compressor 11 for supercharging a heat engine.
• the heat engine is used to propel a vehicle.
• the electrical circuit 1 can then form the vehicle's vehicle network.
• the heat engine and the electric compressor 11 are part of an assembly which further comprises a rotary electric machine 15, as will be seen later.
• the electric compressor 11 is configured to compress the air in the intake line of the heat engine, the electric compressor 11 seconding or replacing the turbocharger of the vehicle including low speed and during transient increases in load.
• the circuit 1 comprises a first sub-circuit 2 and a second sub-circuit 3.
• the first 2 and the second 3 sub-circuit are connected to one another by an element connection 5 which allows a selective communication between the first sub-circuit 2 and the second sub-circuit 3.
• the connecting member 5 is for example a DC / DC voltage converter that can operate in booster mode or in the booster mode according to the need.
• the connecting member 5 may be formed by a simple switch, for example a mechanical switch such as a pusher, an electromechanical switch such as a relay, or an electronic switch such as a transistor.
• the connecting member 5 is a linear operating switch when it closes, or a resistance of variable value, this value can in particular vary between two extreme values whose ratio can be equal to ten or twenty, forty or even a hundred.
• the first sub-circuit 2 comprises in the example described a first power source 7 supplying first electronic components 8.
• the first electronic components 8 are connected in parallel across the first source 7.
• the Electronic components 8 are for example components of comfort and / or safety of the vehicle.
• the second sub-circuit 3 comprises a second power source 10, hereinafter referred to as the "electrical energy storage unit", at the terminals of which is connected the electric supercharging compressor 11.
• the energy storage unit electrical 10 can thus provide a first electrical energy to the electric compressor so as to drive the latter in rotation.
• the electrical energy storage unit 10 is a supercapacitor.
• the first source 7 provides for example a DC voltage of 12 V while the electrical energy storage unit 10 provides a DC voltage of between 12 V and 30 V, for example 12 V or 16 V.
• the circuit 1 further comprises an electric machine 15 capable of operating as an alternator.
• This is for example a synchronous machine wound rotor.
• This synchronous machine 15 comprises in the example in question a polyphase stator.
• This electrical machine 15 is here able to be selectively connected to the first sub-circuit 2 or to the second sub-circuit 3 via a switch 13.
• the switch 13 connects the electrical machine 15 to the terminals of the electric compressor 11, the electric machine 15 is connected in parallel with the electric energy storage unit 10, so that the electric compressor 11 can be simultaneously electrically powered by the first electrical energy supplied by the storage unit. electrical energy 10 and the second electrical energy from the electric machine 15 operating as a generator.
• the circuit 1 may further comprise a starter 18 not shown in FIG. 1 and which is, for example, connected in parallel with the electric machine 15.
• the network circuit 1 further comprises a control unit 17, configured inter alia to act on the configuration of the connecting member 5, the switch 13, and to activate or not the electric compressor 11.
• the control unit 17 can be centralized or not and implements for example one or more microcontrollers. This control unit 17 may be distinct from the engine control unit (ECU). Alternatively, the control unit 17 is integrated with the engine control unit.
• the control unit 17 can determine that the electric compressor 11 is to be activated. This is particularly the case in the example shown at low speed or in case of transient load increase.
• the circuit 1 further comprises a device 20 for controlling the voltage supplied by the electric machine 15 when it operates as an alternator. In the example considered, the device 20 controls the voltage across each phase of the stator of the machine 15.
• the controller 20 implements for example one or more microcontrollers. Still in the example described, the control device 20 is distinct from the control unit 17 and the engine control unit, but in other examples, this control device 20 can be integrated into the control unit. control 17, or even integrated with the control unit 17 to the engine control unit.
• the command made by the device 20, consisting in imposing set values for the voltage supplied by the rotating electrical machine 15, will now be described with reference to FIG. 2.
• a corrector associated with the rotating electrical machine 15 and not shown may allow to ensure that the set values are followed by the voltage supplied by said machine 15.
• control of the voltage supplied by the electric machine 15 can be done according to: the state of the electric compressor 11, the speed of the thermal engine of the vehicle, and the state of charge of the electrical energy storage unit 10.
• the control device 20 comprises in the example in question an element 22 for detecting the activated or unpowered state of the electric compressor 11.
• This member 22 comprises a comparator 23 receiving as inputs:
• the control device 20 further comprises in this example an organ 27 of
• Each member 27 or 28 has as inputs in this example:
• each member 27 or 28 may constitute an input of a logic operator 30 furthermore receiving the output of the member 22 as input.
• the control device 20 applies, to impose a set value to the voltage supplied by the electric machine 15, one or the other of the first and the second control mode.
• the first control mode which is determined by the member 27, is for example applied when the electric compressor 11 is not activated while the second control mode, which is determined by the member 28, is applied when the electric compressor 11 is activated.
• FIG. 3a represents an example of a table of set values determined by the organ
• the first control mode consists in imposing the same setpoint value on the voltage supplied by the electric machine 15 when the state of charge of the electrical energy storage unit 10 varies in a first range. of values and when the speed of the engine varies in a second range of values.
• the first range is from 0 to 100 and the second range is from 500 rpm to 6500 rpm.
• the control device 20 imposes for example on the voltage supplied by the electric machine 15 a set value equal to 14.5 V.
• FIG. 3b represents an example of a table of set values determined by the organ
• the second command mode consists of:
• the reference value decreases as the state of charge of the electrical energy storage unit 10 increases within the sub-range concerned, which is here between 30 and 100.
• the setpoint increases as the speed of the heat engine increases within the sub-range concerned, which is here between 500 rpm and 5500 rpm.
• the imposed setpoint values are constant, in particular equal to the imposed value according to the first control mode described with reference to Figure 3a.
• the electric circuit 1 shown in FIG. 4 differs from that described with reference to FIG. 1 in that this circuit 1 is not formed by two sub-circuits connected to each other by a connection member 5.
• a single electrical energy storage unit 10 supplies both the electronic components 8, the electric compressor 11 and the starter 18.
• the electric machine 15 is in this example connected in parallel with the electric energy storage unit 10, the starter 18, the electronic components 8 and the electric compressor 11.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

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Family Cites Families (7)

• 2013
  • 2013-07-24 FR FR1357279A patent/FR3009144B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-07-24 EP EP14750580.4A patent/EP3025409A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-07-24 WO PCT/FR2014/051923 patent/WO2015011420A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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