EP3018685B1 - Contacteur comprenant au moins un interrupteur à vide et des moyens de régulation de la vitesse d'ouverture de chaque interrupteur - Google Patents

Contacteur comprenant au moins un interrupteur à vide et des moyens de régulation de la vitesse d'ouverture de chaque interrupteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3018685B1
EP3018685B1 EP15191169.0A EP15191169A EP3018685B1 EP 3018685 B1 EP3018685 B1 EP 3018685B1 EP 15191169 A EP15191169 A EP 15191169A EP 3018685 B1 EP3018685 B1 EP 3018685B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
contactor
movement
speed
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15191169.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3018685A1 (fr
Inventor
Cem OZEN
Nicolas Quentin
Jean-Guillaume LAXALT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3018685A1 publication Critical patent/EP3018685A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3018685B1 publication Critical patent/EP3018685B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
    • H01H3/605—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock making use of a fluid damper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6667—Details concerning lever type driving rod arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/46—Interlocking mechanisms
    • H01H33/52—Interlocking mechanisms for interlocking two or more switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a contactor comprising at least one vacuum switch, each having a fixed contact, a movable contact and a rod integral with the movable contact, the rod being movable between a closed position of the switch in which the movable contact is in abutment against the fixed contact and an open position of the switch in which the movable contact is away from the fixed contact, and a first member for moving each rod in a direction of movement, from the closed position towards the open position.
  • the invention relates to railway contactors comprising one or more vacuum interrupters, also called vacuum interrupters.
  • vacuum interrupters also called vacuum interrupters.
  • These vacuum bulbs are used in particular in the railway field, and are for example installed in high voltage contactors, arranged on the roof of a railway vehicle between a pantograph and an electrical transformer.
  • Document is known US 3,674,955 a vacuum circuit breaker operating on a three-phase network and comprising three vacuum switches, each having a fixed contact and a movable contact.
  • This circuit breaker comprises a mechanism for controlling the opening or closing of the vacuum interrupters, the control mechanism comprising three separate actuating rods, each being connected to the moving contact of a respective vacuum switch.
  • This circuit breaker also comprises an actuator adapted to control the control mechanism and a hydraulic system adapted to cooperate with said control mechanism.
  • the hydraulic system is a threshold effect system and allows, at the end of the opening movement of the switches, to absorb remaining kinetic energy, to eliminate shocks and to avoid induced rebounds of the rods. actuation, while not acting on the opening speed at the beginning of the opening movement, in order to have an opening speed as high as possible at the beginning of the opening stroke.
  • the hydraulic system comprises a piston exerting a pressure on oil inside a closed chamber, and operates its energy absorption function at the end of the opening stroke, when the oil pressure at the end of the opening stroke
  • the interior of the enclosure is large enough to move a moving part and release an oil discharge port.
  • CN 101 315 849 A discloses a contactor, in particular a circuit breaker, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • JP S55 60613 U discloses a circuit breaker comprising three vacuum switches, each having a movable contact and a rod integral with the movable contact, and two shock absorbers to dampen the movement of each rod at the end of the stroke when opening the circuit breaker.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a contactor having a longer life, reducing the risk of damage or vacuum switches.
  • the subject of the invention is a contactor according to claim 1.
  • the contactor according to the invention allows, by said regulating means, to regulate the opening speed of each vacuum interrupter throughout the opening of said switch. This then makes it possible to guarantee a suitable opening speed of each vacuum interrupter, throughout the opening movement of said switch, and not only at the end of the opening movement. The longevity of the vacuum interrupter (s), and consequently of the contactor according to the invention, is then improved.
  • the contactor is according to any one of claims 2 to 7.
  • the expression "substantially equal to” defines a relation of equality to plus or minus 10%, or a relation of equality to plus or minus 10 ° when this expression relates to an angle.
  • a contactor 10 comprises at least one vacuum switch 12, each having a fixed contact 14, a movable contact 16 and a rod 18 secured to the movable contact 16.
  • the rod 18 is movable between a closed position of the switch 12 in which the movable contact 16 bears against the fixed contact 14 ( figure 1 ) and an opening position of the switch 12 in which the movable contact 16 is away from the fixed contact 14 ( figure 2 ).
  • the contactor 10 comprises a first member 20 for moving each rod 18 during an opening stroke of the switch 12, that is to say from the closed position to the open position, following a direction of displacement X.
  • the contactor 10 also comprises a second member 22 for moving each rod 18 during a closing stroke of the switch 12, that is to say from the open position up to the closed position, in the direction of movement X.
  • the switch 10 comprises a member 24 for guiding each rod 18 in the direction of movement X.
  • the switch 10 comprises a plurality of vacuum switches 12 and a member 26 for mechanically connecting the rods 18 of the switches.
  • the contactor 10 is in particular a three-phase contactor and then comprises three vacuum interrupters 12.
  • the first displacement member 20 is then configured to move said connecting member 26 from the closed position to the open position
  • the second displacement member 22 is configured to move said connecting member 26 from the open position to the closed position
  • the guide member 24 is configured to guide said connecting member 26 in the direction of movement X.
  • the contactor 10 further comprises means 30 for regulating the speed of displacement of each rod 18 in the direction of displacement X, throughout the movement of said rod 18 from the closed position ( figure 1 ) to the open position ( figure 2 ).
  • the regulating means 30 are means of regulating the opening speed of the switch or switches 12, throughout the opening stroke of the switch or switches 12.
  • the contactor 10 comprises a support 32 to which are mechanically connected, in the embodiment of the invention. Figures 1 and 2 , the first displacement member 20, the guide member 24 and the regulation means 30.
  • the contactor 10 is for example a high voltage contactor, that is to say adapted to allow the passage of an electric current having a voltage greater than 750 V, more preferably greater than 50 kV.
  • the electric switch 10 is for example intended to equip a railway vehicle, not shown, and in particular to be arranged in a rail traction box between an inverter and a three-phase electric motor, not shown.
  • Each vacuum interrupter 12 also known as a vacuum interrupter, comprises a vacuum enclosure 34 inside which the fixed and movable contacts 14 and 16 are arranged, the enclosure 34 comprising an orifice 36 for the passage of the rod 18.
  • rod 18 is indeed able to slide inside and outside the chamber 34, and is then equipped, at the passage hole 36, a bellows (not shown) to maintain the empty inside the enclosure 34.
  • the enclosure 34 is, for example, integral with a frame 38.
  • the fixed contact 14 and the movable contact 16 are each electrically connected to a respective electrical connection terminal, not shown, each connection terminal being disposed outside the enclosure 34.
  • the fixed contacts 14 and mobile 16, also called respectively fixed contact member and movable contact member, are electrically conductive.
  • connection terminals are able to be electrically connected to each other in the closed position of the corresponding switch 12, the fixed and movable contacts 14 then being in abutment with each other, and are suitable to be electrically insulated from each other in the open position of the corresponding switch 12, the fixed and movable contacts 14 and 16 being then separated from each other.
  • Each rod 18 preferably extends in the direction of displacement X.
  • Each rod 18 has, for example, a circular section in a transverse plane perpendicular to the direction of movement X, to facilitate its movement within the enclosure 34 between the closed position and the open position of the switch 12.
  • the first displacement member 20 is configured to cause the displacement of each rod 18 during the opening stroke.
  • the first displacement member 20 is, for example passive, and is then configured to cause said displacement of each rod 18 only when the second displacement member 22 is inactive.
  • the first displacement member 20 is preferably a resilient displacement member, and comprises for example a spring 40 disposed between the support 32 and the connecting member 26, or between the support 32 and the rod 18 when the contactor 10 comprises a single switch 12.
  • the spring 40 is a compression spring.
  • the spring 40 is a tension spring.
  • the second displacement member 22 is configured to cause the displacement of each rod 18 during the closing stroke.
  • the second displacement member 22 comprises an actuator 42, such as an electromagnetic or electropneumatic actuator, capable of causing the displacement of the connecting member 26, or of the rod 18 when the contactor 10 comprises a single switch 12, since the closed position to the open position.
  • the second displacement member 22 is preferably active only during the closing stroke, and inactive during the opening stroke in order to let the first displacement member 20 act on the connecting member 26 and / or on the or the stems 18.
  • the guide member 24 is, for example, in the form of a through-hole 44 formed in the support 32 and extending in the direction of displacement X.
  • the through hole 44 is configured to receive an arm 46 of the connecting member, the arm 46 being mechanically connected to the actuator 42.
  • the through hole 44 is configured to allow the sliding of the arm 46 in the direction of movement X .
  • the connecting member 26 comprises a plate 48 connected to each of the rods 18, the plate 48 extending for example in the transverse plane perpendicular to the direction of movement X.
  • the connecting member 26 comprises the arm 46, the arm 46 extending substantially in the direction of movement X and being fixed to the plate 48.
  • the spring 40 of the first displacement member bears against the plate 48, and is able to cause the displacement of said plate 48 during the race opening when the actuator 42 is inactive.
  • the spring 40 is a compression spring, it is able to exert a downward pressing force along the arrow F1 against an upper surface of the plate 48, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the spring 40 is a tension spring, it is able to exert a pulling force downwards (arrow F1) on a lower surface of the plate 48.
  • the regulation means 30 are configured to regulate, throughout the opening stroke, the speed of movement of each rod 18, for example to limit said speed of movement to a speed below a predetermined threshold.
  • the regulating means 30 are configured to regulate the opening speed of each vacuum interrupter 12, for example to limit said opening speed to a value below the predetermined threshold, and this throughout the race. 'opening.
  • the predetermined threshold is, for example, equal to 0.4 ms -1 to prevent damage to the vacuum switch 12.
  • the value of the predetermined threshold is preferably between 0.3 ms -1 and 1 ms -1 .
  • the regulation means 30 are configured to regulate, throughout the opening stroke, the speed of displacement of the connecting member 26 when the contactor 10 comprises a plurality of vacuum switches 12 and that the rods 18 are mechanically connected by liaison body 26.
  • the regulating means 30 are, for example, further configured to reduce, i.e. reduce, the speed of movement of each rod 18 and / or the connecting member 26 throughout the opening stroke.
  • the regulation means 30 are preferably configured to permanently reduce the speed of movement of each rod 18 and / or the connecting member 26 during the opening stroke.
  • the derivative with respect to time of the speed of displacement of each rod 18 and / or of the connecting member 26, that is to say the acceleration associated with the displacement of each rod 18 and / or the connecting member 26 is then always negative during the opening stroke.
  • the regulation means 30 are preferably hydraulic control means, that is to say means providing said speed control by implementing a circulation of a fluid.
  • the fluid used for this regulation is, for example, oil, in particular a silicone-based oil whose viscosity coefficient is substantially constant over a wide temperature range of between -40 ° C. and + 80 ° C.
  • the regulating means 30 comprise at least one hydraulic damper 50, preferably two hydraulic dampers 50 as shown in FIGS. Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the regulation means 30 comprise two hydraulic dampers 50
  • said dampers 50 are preferably arranged on either side of the guide member 24, preferably still arranged symmetrically with respect to the guide member 24, in order to best distribute the forces of the dampers 50 relative to the guide member 24.
  • the support 32 forms, as previously described, a means for mechanically connecting different elements of the contactor 10, in particular the spring 40 and the dampers 50.
  • the support 32 further comprises an abutment surface 52 forming a stopping stop of the connecting member 26, in particular of the plate 48, at the end of the opening stroke.
  • the abutment surface 52 is, for example, a flat surface substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement X.
  • the piston 56 comprises a plurality of orifices 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D for the passage of fluid between a first chamber 60 and a second chamber 62, the two chambers 60, 62 being disposed inside the enclosure 54.
  • the piston 56 has four through holes, namely a first through hole 58A, a second through hole 58B, a third through hole 58C, and a fourth through hole 58D.
  • the through openings 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D are successively arranged in the direction of sliding of the piston 56. These through-openings 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D are intended to be closed successively and cumulatively, by a protuberance 64. protruding into the shock absorber. This gradual closure of an increasing number of through-holes 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D makes it possible to progressively reduce the speed of movement of the piston 56 during the compression of the damper 50, as will be explained hereinafter.
  • the regulation means 30 are provided to act on the speed of displacement of each rod 18 throughout the movement of said rod 18 from the closed position of the corresponding switch 12 to the open position of said switch 12, that is to say, when the first displacement member 20 moves each rod 18 during the opening stroke of the switch or switches 12.
  • this then corresponds to the case where the switch or switches 12 are in the closed position and the second displacement member 22 is no longer controlled to move each rod 18, that is to say when the actuator 42 becomes inactive .
  • the spring 40 acts on the connecting member 26 by moving it along the arrow F1 to the figure 1 in order to separate each movable contact 16 from the corresponding fixed contact 14.
  • the regulating means 30 then regulate the opening speed of the one or more switches 12, in particular limiting the value of this opening speed to a value lower than the predetermined threshold, which reduces the risk of damage to or switches 12 during this opening.
  • this speed regulation is obtained from by compressing the hydraulic damper (s) 50 according to the arrow F1 at the figure 1 .
  • This compression of each hydraulic damper 50 is illustrated on the Figures 3 to 6 , since the figure 3 up to the figure 6 , the figure 3 representing the damper 50 at the beginning of the compression and the figure 6 representing the damper 50 at the end of compression.
  • the regulation preferably corresponds to a gradual decrease in the opening speed during the opening stroke of the one or more switches 12, and the regulation means 30 then progressively reduce the speed of opening of the switch (s) 12 over time. when this opening is ordered.
  • this reduction in the opening speed is obtained from the plurality of passage orifices 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D successively arranged in the direction of sliding of the piston 56.
  • the fluid such as oil
  • the speed of the piston 56 at the beginning of the compression of the damper 50 is of the order of 2 ms -1.
  • the through holes 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D are progressively closed off by the protuberance 64, starting with the first through hole 58A as shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the speed of the piston 56 is of the order of 1.5 ms -1 .
  • the first and second through-holes 58A, 58B are then both closed by the protuberance 64 when the damper 50 is further compressed, the two other through-holes 58C, 58D still allowing the circulation of the fluid of the first chamber 60 to the second chamber 62.
  • the speed of the piston 56 is then of the order of 1 ms -1 .
  • the first, second and third through-holes 58A, 58B, 58C are closed off by the protuberance 64, only the fourth through-hole 58D still allows fluid flow from the first chamber 60 to the second chamber 62.
  • the piston speed 56 is then of the order of 0.5 ms -1 .
  • Each damper 50 exerts a damping force F throughout the opening stroke of each switch 12, the damping force F opposing the displacement of each rod 18 from the closed position to the position d opening, which then allows a regulation of the speed of movement of each rod 18 throughout the opening stroke.
  • the figure 7 illustrates a first curve 70 representing a first ratio equal to the damping force F divided by an internal pressure P of the damper 50, as a function of a second ratio equal to a stroke s of the piston 56 divided by a duration of depreciation t.
  • This first curve 70 is characteristic of so-called linear dampers.
  • the dampers are chosen according to the energy they are able to absorb.
  • the dampers have operating ranges with values expressed in kilograms. This value, expressed in kilograms, corresponds to an effective mass representing the sum of the energies to be absorbed.
  • the damper has a range of 1.3 kg to 5.5 kg.
  • the range of values of the damper used will be adapted according to the characteristics of the bulbs and the mechanism of the contactor 10.
  • the first curve 70 shows that the damping force F is well exerted throughout the opening stroke, and that it is greater than a minimum value Fmin over a very large part of this opening race, namely over more than three-quarters of the opening race, preferably over more than 90% of the race. 'opening.
  • the figure 8 illustrates a second curve 80 representing a speed V of the piston 56 as a function of the damping period t.
  • the second curve 80 thus shows that the speed of the piston V decreases progressively throughout the damping phase by the damper 50, as described above with respect to Figures 3 to 6 .
  • the second curve 80 shows that, in the embodiment described, the regulation means 30 can gradually reduce the opening speed of the switch or switches 12 throughout the opening stroke.
  • the speed / displacement characteristics of the contactor 10 depend on the type of bulb used, the control mechanism and the dampers. In the example described, the speed at the beginning of the race is of the order of 0.35m.s -1 , then decreases to 0 after 80ms.
  • the second displacement member 22 is controlled to move each rod 18 along the arrow F2 to the figure 2 .
  • the actuator 42 then becomes active and exerts a force along the arrow F2, greater than that exerted by the spring 40 in the opposite direction, along the arrow F1, so that each rod 18 is moved from the open position of each switch 12 ( figure 2 ) to the closing position of each switch 12 ( figure 1 ).
  • the regulation means 30 do not act on the closing speed of the switch (s) 12.
  • This regulation of the opening speed of each vacuum switch 12 throughout the opening stroke in particular the limitation of the opening speed below the predetermined threshold, or even the progressive reduction of the speed of opening, then allows to obtain an opening speed of each vacuum switch 12 which is compatible with values recommended by the manufacturer of vacuum switches. These values are recommended by the manufacturer to limit the risk of damage to the vacuum switches 12 when they are opened, and compliance with this recommendation thus makes it possible to reduce the risk of malfunction of the vacuum interrupters 12 and to improve their service life. life.
  • the contactor 10 according to the invention has a longer life than the contactor of the state of the art, reducing the risk of damaging the vacuum interrupter or switches 12.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP15191169.0A 2014-11-06 2015-10-23 Contacteur comprenant au moins un interrupteur à vide et des moyens de régulation de la vitesse d'ouverture de chaque interrupteur Active EP3018685B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1460730A FR3028347B1 (fr) 2014-11-06 2014-11-06 Contacteur comprenant au moins un interrupteur a vide et des moyens de regulation de la vitesse d'ouverture de chaque interrupteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3018685A1 EP3018685A1 (fr) 2016-05-11
EP3018685B1 true EP3018685B1 (fr) 2017-10-04

Family

ID=52345371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15191169.0A Active EP3018685B1 (fr) 2014-11-06 2015-10-23 Contacteur comprenant au moins un interrupteur à vide et des moyens de régulation de la vitesse d'ouverture de chaque interrupteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3018685B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2016103472A (zh)
CN (1) CN105590788B (zh)
FR (1) FR3028347B1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106449266B (zh) * 2016-10-25 2018-07-10 杭州崇恒电力技术有限公司 高压真空断路器
CN106653425B (zh) * 2016-12-30 2019-03-22 浙江华仪电器科技有限公司 开关结构
DE102017212021A1 (de) 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zum Dämpfen von Schaltbewegungen in Hochspannungsleistungsschaltern
SE541760C2 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-12-10 Scibreak Ab Breaker
WO2022074736A1 (ja) * 2020-10-06 2022-04-14 三菱電機株式会社 開閉器

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US3674955A (en) 1970-12-17 1972-07-04 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Circuit breaker with hydraulic operating mechanism for vacuum interrupter
JPS6033537Y2 (ja) * 1978-10-20 1985-10-05 株式会社明電舎 しや断器のしや断操作装置
US7215228B2 (en) * 2001-06-01 2007-05-08 Hubbell Incorporated Circuit interrupting device with a turnbuckle and weld break assembly
CN2552151Y (zh) * 2002-08-12 2003-05-21 天水长城开关厂 断路器用油缓冲器
CN201107802Y (zh) * 2007-06-08 2008-08-27 刘新广 永磁开合式断路器
CN101315849B (zh) * 2008-05-23 2010-11-10 西安交通大学 配合126kV真空断路器分合特性的弹簧操动机构
CN101847541B (zh) * 2010-05-26 2013-01-02 西安交通大学 一种用于126kV真空断路器的缓冲器
CN202172041U (zh) * 2011-07-20 2012-03-21 陕西烽火盛天电子科技有限公司 户外柱上高压永磁真空断路器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3028347A1 (fr) 2016-05-13
JP2016103472A (ja) 2016-06-02
FR3028347B1 (fr) 2018-03-30
CN105590788A (zh) 2016-05-18
CN105590788B (zh) 2019-09-20
EP3018685A1 (fr) 2016-05-11

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