EP3015642A1 - Appareil d'injection de gaz à point d'injection de gaz réglable, procédé d'injection de gaz et procédé de gazéification - Google Patents

Appareil d'injection de gaz à point d'injection de gaz réglable, procédé d'injection de gaz et procédé de gazéification Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3015642A1
EP3015642A1 EP14818691.9A EP14818691A EP3015642A1 EP 3015642 A1 EP3015642 A1 EP 3015642A1 EP 14818691 A EP14818691 A EP 14818691A EP 3015642 A1 EP3015642 A1 EP 3015642A1
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Prior art keywords
gasification
gas injection
gas
channel
oxygen
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Application number
EP14818691.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gang Liu
Feng Chen
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ENN Coal Gasification Mining Co Ltd
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ENN Coal Gasification Mining Co Ltd
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Publication of EP3015642A1 publication Critical patent/EP3015642A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • E21B43/243—Combustion in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of coal resource development, particularly relates to a gas injection apparatus with controllable gas injection point, gas injection process and gasification method.
  • Shaftless underground gasification technologies mainly employ the directional drilling and reverse burning to construct gasification channel, and inject gasification agents such as air and oxygen/steam to conduct underground gasification to produce coal gas.
  • gasification agents such as air and oxygen/steam to conduct underground gasification to produce coal gas.
  • Its advantage lies in that gas production of single gasifier is large.
  • Its disadvantage lies in that position of burning zone is not stable, loss rate of the gas is high, and it is necessary to add auxiliary boreholes if the gasification channel is very long.
  • CRIP controlled retraction injection point
  • the igniter has many pipes, which can carry fluid from ground to the underground. Start the igniter, the silane from one pipe encountered in the air will cause spontaneous combustion, the spark will ignite propane from another pipe, and the flame will burn off a section of the casing-tube and further ignite the coal seam.
  • the underground gasification test designs that the injection tube employs concentric annular tubes, wherein the center tube can move within the annular tube.
  • thermocouple electric wires there are three thermocouple electric wires and two combustible hollow pipes in the center tube.
  • One hollow pipe is used for delivering triethylborine, which will burn once meets air, and CH 4 .
  • the other hollow pipe is filled with oxygen.
  • An igniter is fixed at the end of the center tube.
  • CRIP technology is that the gasification process can be effectively controlled, while its disadvantage is that this technology requires multiple ignitions to ignite the coal seam at different distance location within a directional well before gasification. Because the gas injection point movement is discontinuous, the gasification is unstable, and the apparatus for ignition and gas injection has complicated structure and is expensive, the ignition process is complicated, difficult to control and not safe enough.
  • the present invention provides a reverse burning ignition and gasification method of controllable gas injection point movement of shaftless underground gasification, thereby achieving the goal of improving gasification stable control and safety performance and reducing the production cost.
  • the present invention also provides a gas injection apparatus and a gas injection process with controllable gas injection point.
  • the present invention is based on the techniques of directional drilling and coiled tubing, utilizes the principle of directional drilling cooperating with coiled tubing to realize the movement of gas injection point and adjusting gasification agent injection parameter to control the reverse combustion, finally achieves the goal of modulating movement and burning rate of flame working face position to conduct reverse burning ignition and gasification of the underground coal seam.
  • One goal of the present invention is to provide a gas injection apparatus with controllable gas injection point.
  • the gas injection apparatus comprises a directional well channel.
  • the directional well channel is disposed with coiled tubing.
  • the coiled tubing is connected with oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas line.
  • the annular space between the coiled tubing and the directional well has connection to an auxiliary gasfication agent line and a steam line.
  • the start end of the coiled tubing is disposed with gas injector head and the terminal end is disposed with a nozzle.
  • the coiled tubing is sealed by a blowout preventer (box) and placed in the well.
  • box blowout preventer
  • the second goal of the present invention is to provide a gas injection process with controllable gas injection point.
  • the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas is delivered by the coiled tubing deposited within the directional well channel.
  • the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas, and the auxiliary gasification agent delivered through the annular space between the coiled tubing and the directional well will be uniformly mixed at the nozzle location at the terminal end of coiled tubing.
  • the mixed gasification agent enters the predetermined gasification location of the coal seam through the directional well channel or the pore channels within the coal seam.
  • the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and auxiliary gasification agent are mixed at the position of nozzle at the terminal end of the coiled tubing, that is, within the drill-hole or the channel.
  • the gas injection point movement control of the present invention during the gas injection can realize gas injection position change by lifting and lowering action to control movement of the coiler tubing and nozzle.
  • the directional well channel of the present invention is formed with directional drilling method.
  • Directional drilling technology is one of the most advanced well drilling technologies in the field of petroleum exploration and development in the current time. It is a well-drilling process technology that utilizes special under-well tools, measurement devices and process technology to effectively control the well trajectory, making drilling bit drill to the predetermined underground position along a specific direction. It is widely used in oilfield development in current. Directional drilling technology can economically and effectively develop petroleum resources with limited ground and underground conditions and greatly improve petroleum production and reduce well-drilling cost, thus it is good to natural circumstance protection and has significant economical and social benefit.
  • the directional drilling method of the present invention preferably employ any one of directional well drilling technology, horizontal well drilling technology, lateral drilling technology, radial horizontal well technology, multilateral well technology, cluster wells technology and extended reach well technology in petroleum or coal seam gas drilling technologies.
  • the directional well channel is longer than 10 meters.
  • the directional well channel of the present invention is unsupported channel or supported channel. In practical implementation process, whether supporting the channel or not is determined according to the factors such as coal rock and geological condition.
  • the supported channel utilizes sieve-tube support and/or casing-tube support, preferably sieve-tube support or the combination of sieve-tube support and casing-tube support.
  • different support pattern can be selected according to the factors that influence reverses burning ignition speed, such as support tube intensity, coal gangue and coal water.
  • sieve-tube support or combination of sieve-tube support and casing-tube support is employed to improve the contact area of gasification agent and coal seam to be ignited.
  • the support tube materials are combustible materials, more preferably organic materials, most preferably glass fiber reinforced plastics or PE pipe materials.
  • organic materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastics or PE pipe materials are preferred due to factors such as intensity or burning features.
  • the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas is provided by the gasification agent preparation system.
  • the oxygen-enriched gas is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and one or both of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, wherein the concentration by volume of oxygen is larger than 21%.
  • the auxiliary gasification agent is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water, or mixture thereof.
  • a person skilled in the art can select one or two of the gases according to the gas injection requirement.
  • the nitrogen is provided by a nitrogen production device.
  • the carbon dioxide is provided by a decarbonization device.
  • the auxiliary gasification agent has the following functions: firstly, it will take part in the underground gasification reduction reaction, such as CO 2 or H 2 O; secondly, its remixing with oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas can reduce the oxygen concentration of the mixed gasification agent, thereby protecting gasification process and equipment.
  • the oxygen content of the auxiliary gasification agent delivered between the coiled tubing and directional well wall should be controlled to prevent self-burning of coal seam or gas injection string tempering in the delivery process.
  • the oxygen concentration is determined by the lower limit of oxygen concentration which can cause the coal self-burning.
  • the oxygen concentration by volume of the auxiliary gasification agent is generally required to be less than 5%.
  • coiled tubing and nozzle of the present invention can select the formed materials and equipment of the current petroleum and natural gas industry.
  • processing parameters such as oxygen concentration, pressure and flow rate of delivered gasification agent are key factors to be considered; the coiled tube with different pressure, material and diameter can be selected to reduce the composite cost.
  • the pore channels within the coal seam is formed by artificial drilling or fracturing process, or formed by coal seam under thermal effect of burning.
  • the third goal of the present invention is to provide two controlled gas injection point gasification method utilizing the above-mentioned gas injection process.
  • the first controlled gas injection point gasification method conducts reverse burning, gasification channel processing and gasification production by segmentally moving the coiled tubing to make the gas injection point segmentally move to the predetermined gasification position, and then adjusting the gas injection technology parameters.
  • the gasification method comprises the following steps:
  • the gas injection point segmental movement distance in the step 1) is 10 ⁇ 150m.
  • the gasification flow rate during the gasification channel ignition and processing is limited within 300-3000 m 3 /h.
  • the oxygen concentration by volume in the gasification agent is 21 ⁇ 55%.
  • the gas injection movement is estimated according to the parameters such as the amount of coal has gasified, the heat value and composition of coal gas.
  • the movement standard determined by general process operation is as follows: the amount of coal has gasified is more than 50% of the total gasifiable coal in the section of directional well channel; and the heat value and composition of the production gas reduce by more than 20% compared with normal value.
  • Another controllable gas injection point gasification method provided by the present invention conducted reverse burning, gasification channel processing and gasification production by continuously or intermittently lifting the coiled tubing to make the gas injection point continuously move to the predetermined gasification position, and then adjusting the gas injection technology parameters.
  • the gasification method comprises the following steps:
  • the flow rate of the gasification agent in the step 2) is larger than 2000 m 3 /h; preferably, the oxygen concentration by volume of gasification agent is 21 ⁇ 95%.
  • water steam or water can be injected to adjust the temperature and gas quality in the cavity.
  • the movement speed of the gas injection point is determined according to the amount of coal burned per unit of time (m), heat value and composition fluctuation of coal gas.
  • the controllable gas injection point gasification method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the gas injection apparatus of the present invention employs directional drilling and coil tubing technologies so that it can control the movement of the gas injection position and can stably adjust the gasification agent injection parameters.
  • the gas injection point being able to move in any distance within the directional well channel according to requirement, and effectively improve gasification recycling rate of the coal along the directional well channel.
  • employing annular space between the coiled tubing and the directional well wall to deliver auxiliary gasification agent can effectively prevent channel coal self-burning and gas injection tube backfire, can form mixed gasification agent at the gas injection point ( nozzle position), and can continuously controlling various gas injection parameters.
  • 1 -coiled tubing reel 2-gas injection well head; 3-coiled tubing; 4-nozzle; 5- glass fiber reinforced plastics sieve-tube; 6-directional well channel; 7-cavity; 8-the roof of coal seam; 9-the floor of coal seam; 10- production well; 11-bare hole segment of horizontal well.
  • Gas injection apparatus with controllable gas injection point comprises directional well channel 6, the directional well channel 6 is disposed with coiled tubing 3.
  • the coiled tubing 3 is connected with oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas line.
  • the annular space between the coiled tubing 3 and the directional well 6 has connection to the auxiliary gasification agent line and steam line.
  • the start end of the coiled tubing 3 is disposed with gas injection well head 2 and the terminal end is disposed with nozzle 4.
  • Coiled tubing reel 1 is used for carrying the coiled tubing 3.
  • a gas injection technology with controllable gas injection point wherein oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas is delivered by the coiled tubing deposited within the directional well channel; the oxgen/oxygen-enriched gas and the auxiliary gasification agent delivered through the annular space between the coiled tubing and the directional well wall are uniformly mixed at the nozzle at the terminal end of coiled tubing; the mixed gasification agent enters the predetermined gasification position of the coal seam through the directional well channel or the pore channel within the coal seam.
  • the directional well channel is formed by the directional drilling method.
  • the directional drilling method preferably employ any of directional well drilling technology, horizontal well drilling technology, lateral drilling technology, radial horizontal well technology, multilateral well technology, cluster wells technology and extended reach well technology in petroleum or coal seam gas drilling technologies.
  • the directional well channel is longer than 10 meters.
  • the pore channel within the coal seam is formed by artificial drilling or fracturing process, or formed by coal seam under thermal effect of burning.
  • the directional well channels are unsupported channel or supported channel.
  • the supported channels employ sieve-tube and/or casing-tube, preferably sieve-tube or the combination of sieve-tube and casing-tube for support.
  • the support tube materials are combustible materials, more preferably organic materials, most preferably glass fiber reinforced plastics or PE pipe materials.
  • the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas is provided by the gasification agent production system.
  • the oxygen-enriched gas is a mixed gas composed of oxygen and one or both of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, wherein the concentration by volume of oxygen is larger than 21%.
  • the auxiliary gasification agent is one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water, or mixture thereof.
  • the nitrogen is provided by a nitrogen production device.
  • the carbon dioxide is provided by a decarbonization device.
  • a controllable gas injection point gasification method wherein reverse burning, gasification channel process and gasification production is conducted by segmentally moving the coiled tubing to make the gas injection point segmentally move to the predetermined gasification position, and then adjusting the gas injection technology parameters.
  • the gasification method comprises the following steps:
  • a controllable gas injection point gasification method wherein reverse burning, gasification channel processing and gasification production is conducted by continuously or intermittently lifting the coiled tubing to make the gas injection point continuously move to the predetermined gasification position, and then adjusting the gas injection technology parameters.
  • the gasification method comprises of the following steps:
  • the present example is to apply the controllable gas injection point gasification method of the present invention in the brown coal seam with low metamorphic degree.
  • the present example select the directional horizontal well structure supported with glass fiber reinforced plastics sieve-tube, which has the common advantage of the present invention and is also beneficial to improve drilling stability and reduce drilling accident rate.
  • Figure 3 shows an underground gasification furnace, wherein coal seam floor 9 is at a depth of 255 meters, coal seam roof 8 is at a depth of 238 meters, and the coal is lignite.
  • the gasification furnace comprises directional well channel 6, production well 10, gasification burning channels, etc.
  • the diameter of the directional well channel 6 is 177.8mm.
  • the supported glass fiber reinforced plastics sieve-tube at horizontal segment of the coal seam has diameter of 139.7mm, length of 300meters and opening rate of 15%.
  • the gas injection apparatus with controllable gas injection point comprises coiled tubing 3 (diameter: 66.7mm, pressure grade: 6.0 MPa, material:316 stainless steel), gas injection well head 2, which comprises coiled tubing operating Bop (single side door style) and coiled tubing injector head (ZRT series coiled tubing injector head); and nozzle 4 (65mm diameter, high temperature resistance up to 1200°C).
  • the gas injection apparatus is employed to make gasification for the coal seam of the directional well channel 6 of the underground gasification furnace, as shown in figure 4 .
  • the gasification operating pressure of the gasification furnace is 1.5MPa and O 2 /CO 2 is used as gasification agent for gasification production of syngas.
  • directional drilling technology is employed to build up a directional well channel 6 in predetermined gasification coal seam, then the controllable gas injection point gasification production is carried out.
  • the detailed process and implementing steps are as follows: (1) delivering coiled tubing along directional well channel 6 to the predetermined gasification position A through gas injection well head 2 by using the injector head; avoiding to send the oxygen nozzle into the burning zone directly; (2) injecting CO 2 into the annular space between the coiled tubing and directional well wall to conduct replacement protection for the channel with initial flow rate of 300 ⁇ 400Nm 3 /h; (3) slowly injecting oxygen into the degreased coiled tubing and through oxygen nozzle to mix with CO 2 injected through the annular space; (4) controlling the total amount of injected gasification agent and oxygen concentration, segmentally moving flame working face to the predetermined gasification position in the manner of reverse burning, and making gasification channel processing at the same time; the amount of the gasification agent for reverse ignition and processing channel is 500 ⁇ 3000Nm 3 /h and the oxygen concentration is 25 ⁇ 35%; (5) after the channel ignition and processing is completed, gradually improving the injection amount of the gasification agent to 4000 ⁇ 6000Nm 3 /h, and the
  • the present example is to apply controllable gas injection point gasification method of the present invention on the lean coal seam with high metamorphic degree.
  • coal seam lithology is good and intensity is high
  • the present example selects unsupported directional horizontal well structure, which has the common advantage of the present invention and is also beneficial to reduce furnace building cost and improve coal seam ignition efficiency.
  • Figure 5 shows an underground gasification furnace, wherein coal seam floor 9 is at a depth of 957 meters, coal seam roof 8 is at a depth of 950 meters, and the coal is lean coal.
  • the gasification furnace comprises directional well channel 6, production well 10, gasification burning channels, etc.
  • the diameter of the directional well channel 6 is 177.8mm.
  • Bare hole segment 11 in horizontal well (the horizontal well of the coal seam has unsupported bare hole) is 200 meters long.
  • the gas injection apparatus with controllable gas injection point comprises coiled tubing 3 (diameter: 50.8mm, pressure grade: 6.0 MPa, material: 316 stainless steel, Jiang Su Dong Tai Hua Xuan Company), gas injection well head 2, which comprises coiled tubing operating Bop (single side door style, Ao Lan Petroleum Company) and coiled tubing injector head (ZRT series coiled tubing injector head, Yan Tai Jie Rui Company) and nozzle 4 (50mm diameter, high temperature resistance up to 1200°C, ENN Coal Gasification mining Co., Ltd.).
  • gas injection apparatus is employed to conduct gasification for the coal seam of the directional well channel 6 of the underground gasification furnace, as shown in figure 5 .
  • the gasification operating pressure of the gasification furnace is 2.5MPa and O 2 /CO 2 is used as gasification agent for gasification production of syngas.
  • directional drilling technology is employed to build up directional well channel 6 in predetermined gasification coal seam and then controllable gas injection point gasification production is carried out.
  • the detailed process and implementing steps are as follows: (1) delivering coiled tubing along directional well channel 6 to the predetermined gasification position A through gas injection well head 2 by using the injector head; avoiding to send the oxygen nozzle into the burning zone directly; (2) injecting CO 2 into the annular space between the coiled tubing and directional well wall to conduct replacement protection for the channel with initial flow rate of 400 ⁇ 600Nm 3 /h; (3) slowly injecting oxygen into the degreased coiled tubing and through oxygen nozzle to mix with CO 2 injected through the annular space; (4) controlling the total amount of the injected gasification agent and oxygen concentration, segmentally moving the flame working face to the predetermined gasification position in the manner of reverse burning, and conducting gasification channel processing at the same time; the gasification agent amount for reverse ignition and processing channel is 600 ⁇ 3500Nm 3 /h and the oxygen concentration is 25 ⁇ 55%; (5) after channel ignition and processing is completed, gradually improving the injection amount of the gasification agent to 4000 ⁇ 7500Nm 3 /h and oxygen concentration
  • the syngas (including H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , H 2 O, etc.) produced by the gasification method of the present invention is delivered to the ground through the production well 10 and purified, the product mainly comprising H 2 , CO, CH 4 is obtained.
  • the present invention employ the embodiments and examples above to describe the detailed structure feature and the gas injection and gasification methods of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the detailed structure feature and the injection and gasification methods above, i.e. it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the detailed structure feature and the gas injection and gasification methods above to implement.
  • Persons skilled in the art should understand, any improvement of the present invention, the equivalent replacement to the raw materials of the present invention product, adding auxiliary ingredients, specific mode selection, etc. fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

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EP14818691.9A 2013-06-26 2014-03-27 Appareil d'injection de gaz à point d'injection de gaz réglable, procédé d'injection de gaz et procédé de gazéification Withdrawn EP3015642A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310260123.4A CN104251133B (zh) 2013-06-26 2013-06-26 一种可控注气点注气装置、注气工艺及气化方法
PCT/CN2014/074200 WO2014206122A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-03-27 Appareil d'injection de gaz à point d'injection de gaz réglable, procédé d'injection de gaz et procédé de gazéification

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EP3015642A1 true EP3015642A1 (fr) 2016-05-04

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EP14818691.9A Withdrawn EP3015642A1 (fr) 2013-06-26 2014-03-27 Appareil d'injection de gaz à point d'injection de gaz réglable, procédé d'injection de gaz et procédé de gazéification

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US (1) US20160123128A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3015642A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104251133B (fr)
AU (1) AU2014303165B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014206122A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201509226B (fr)

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US20160123128A1 (en) 2016-05-05
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